In 2005, LuAZ became part of the Bogdan corporation. In addition to LuAZ, this holding also includes Cherkasy Bus OJSC and the Bogdan Automobile House. In 2006, the plant stopped producing cars under the LuAZ brand. October 28, 2009 LuAZ changed its name. Now this plant is called public Joint-Stock Company Automotive Company Bogdan Motors. IN this moment(2009) the production of Bogdan buses (based on Hyundai buses and Isuzu)
www.luaz.com - official website of LuAZ.
www.bogdan.ua - Bogdan corporation website
bogdan.com.ua - Bogdan Automobilny Dom LLC website
History of Lutsk Automobile Plant
This plant began to be created in 1955 on the basis of repair shops. Until 1967, it was named LuMZ (Lutsk Machine-Building Plant). At first, the functions of the plant were limited to the production of spare parts and overhaul of GAZ-51 and GAZ-63 cars. 
First own car appeared in 1961 by order of the Ministry of Defense as an alternative to the GAZ-69. The initial version was developed by the engineers of the Moscow NAMI, later a group of MZMA (AZLK) engineers, who at that time worked at the Zaporozhye Automobile Plant, joined the creation of this all-terrain vehicle. It was a purely military amphibious all-terrain vehicle LuMZ-967, which was planned to be used as ambulance for transporting the wounded in conditions complete off-road and lack of bridges across water bodies. driving position located in the middle, and on the sides there were two lying places for the wounded. As power plant, after numerous experiments, the MeMZ-967A engine with a power of 37 hp was chosen. It was first domestic front wheel drive car.
Drive on rear wheels included additionally. At the same time, the mass of the car was only 950 kg. The 967th stood on the assembly line until 1967. 
In 1965, the development of a civilian model of the LuMZ-969 series began (since 1967 - LuAZ-969). Unlike the army variant, the 969th could only travel by land. Until 1971, the LuAZ-969V model with a 4x2 wheel formula was produced in small batches (front-wheel drive only). Since 1971, this model began to be produced in an all-wheel drive version. An engine with a power of 30 hp was installed on this car. In 1975, the 969A appeared with a 40 hp engine. 
In 1979, mass production of the LuAZ-969M model began. It is thanks to this model that the Luaz brand gained fame throughout the country and especially abroad. Even before the start of production, in 1978, at the international motor show in Turin (Italy) LuAZ-969M entered the top ten best cars European mobiles, and in 1979 on international exhibition in Ceske Budejovice (Czechoslovakia) received gold medal as one of the best cars for the villagers. This model was equipped with only one engine with air-cooled(MeMZ-969, 40 hp) In 1990, the LuAZ-1302 appeared. Outwardly, it was no different from the 969M model, the changes mainly affected the power plant. Instead of the air MeMZ-969, a water-cooled engine from Tavria (MeMZ-245, 53 hp) took the place under the hood.
Unfulfilled dreams.
In the late 1980s, the development of a new platform for future models of the Lutsk Automobile Plant began. The work was carried out in two directions. The first version (LuAZ-1301) was developed directly at the plant in Lutsk, the second (Luaz Proto) was created in St. Petersburg under the guidance of engineers Parfenov and Khainov. But none of these options were destined to go into the series. 
In addition, in the 1990s, many promising models based on the LuAZ-969M, such as the beach version of the Luaz-1302-05 "Foros" with the Italian Lamborghini diesel engine. But the planned Soviet economy left a heavy mark, including on the economic situation in Ukraine. None of these developments have reached the mass market. Despite the fact that the prices for these cars were quite acceptable, the leadership of the Lutsk Automobile Plant could not find the resources to launch these mini-jeeps into a series.
When creating the material, information was used and
website photos.
In the entire history of the existence of the Lutsk Automobile Plant, they produced a lot of passenger cars. Almost all of them were developed for use by the rural population. They were different high traffic, some of them were amphibians. It was only at the beginning of the 90s that models for the city and the beach were proposed. If you arrange all the modifications of the car in chronological order, you get the following:
LuAZ-967
This is a floating SUV, developed by order of the military. Its serial production began in 1975, while the car itself was produced starting in 1961. Initially, it was intended to ensure the transport of ammunition, towing mortars and other light guns, evacuation of the wounded, etc.
In the first models, its body was made of fiberglass, but this material did not live up to the expectations placed on it. Also, a weak motorcycle engine (22 hp) required replacement. As a result, the NAMI-149A model, unified by the Cossacks, was installed instead. After that, the car began to have following characteristics: speed in water - 3 km / h; on the highway - 75 km / h; engine power - 30 hp this model ceased production in 1978
LuAZ-967A
The 967A differs from the 967 only in the engine. It is equipped with a MeMZ-967A motor, which has more power(40 hp). Produced this car LuAZ in the period from 1965 to 1977 True, it appeared on open sale only in 1975. Before that, military units were equipped with it.
LuAZ-967M
Modification 967M was adapted for civilian use and went on sale in 1975. Several significant changes were made to it:
- We unified electrical equipment for UAZ cars.
- Hydraulics unified with Moskvich.
Unfortunately, the release of the SUV lasted a very short period of time, only until the end of 1980.
LuAZ-1901 "Geologist"
This car was first produced from 1962 to 1967, and then its serial production was continued in 1999. True, already at another automobile plant. Its base is the same 967th modification, but with numerous improvements.
Geologist has:
- front- and rear-wheel drive, independent suspension.
- 3-cylinder engine with a volume of 1.5 (ZDTN).
- A large curb weight of 300 kg and is 1250 kg.
Fuel consumption also increased from 10 liters. per 100 km. at a speed of 40 km / h, 12 liters. At the same time, the speed on the water instead of 3 km / h became 5 km / h.
LuAZ-969 "Volyn"
The first Volyn LuAZ car left the assembly line back in 1967. Its production continued almost until the end of 1992. Initially, the same engine from AvtoZAZ was installed on the car, which significantly reduced passenger comfort in the cabin due to its high noise. The car was equipped with a manual transmission.
IN different years Several modifications of this car were produced, they are presented below.
LuAZ-969V
The years of production of the SUV from 1967 to 1972. Its main difference was that the car did not have a drive to rear axle. In fact, this is the first front-wheel drive car that was produced in the USSR. In total, 7938 units were created. technique for this model.
LuAZ-969A
Years of production of the car 969A from 1975 to 1979. This car had a soft top of the body (tarpaulin), which was easily removed. The tailgate was reclining. The model was developed for off-road use. The total number of units produced is about 30.5 thousand pieces. The carrying capacity of the SUV is 400 kg, while it can still tow a load weighing up to 300 kg.
LuAZ-969M
From the first modifications 969M differed increased comfort- seats were installed in the cabin, the same as in the Zhiguli. He had many design features, which are missing in earlier versions. The power of the MeMZ-969A engine installed on it is 40 hp. The difference is the installation of separate brake drives on the front circuit, which have a hydraulic vacuum booster. The front of the body and the shape of the windshield have undergone a change. Note that the 969M model entered the top 10 cars at the 1978 Turin International Automobile Exhibition.
LuAZ-1302
The first car of this brand was released in 1990. Its difference from the 969M model was the engine from Tavria, and not from Zaporozhets. This has significantly reduced the noise entering the cabin. But these are not all structural changes, although outwardly the car did not differ in any way from its predecessor:
- Installed a new dashboard and reinforced spars.
- Increased noise and vibration isolation of the cabin.
- Installed seats from Tavria.
- Thanks to the new engine, fuel consumption has been significantly reduced.
- Fuel tank capacity 34 l.
LuAZ-13021
The basis for the manufacture of this cargo modification the car served, of course, model 1302. The all-wheel drive SUV has excellent performance patency. Engine cooling was liquid, not air. Compared to basic model there was an increase in the wheelbase by 0.5 m. The place of attachment of the spare wheel is the tailgate. This truck was very popular with the rural population.
LuAZ-1302-05 "Foros"
The car was presented to the public in Moscow in 1999 at the MIMS'99 exhibition. But, unfortunately, in the serial production, none of these beach jeeps never saw the light of day. Only a few pieces were assembled on special order. "Foros" was developed on the basis of the LuAZ 969. Its highlight was a 4-cylinder Italian diesel engine from Lombardini, with a power of 35 hp. Although the cost of "Foros" was quite acceptable, for that time, the management of the automobile plant could not find the funds to start mass production of cars.
In conclusion, I would like to note that throughout the history of production by the Lutsk passenger car plant, each of the cars in the series has become a kind of masterpiece. It was at this enterprise that the first front wheel drive car. Here developed beach jeep, however, did not have time to launch it in mass production before the collapse of the USSR. In a word, we can say with confidence: Lutsk car factory made a significant contribution to the development of mechanical engineering.
Lutsk Automobile Plant originates from the production and repair of agricultural machinery. In its place were workshops for the repair of agricultural equipment.
The resolution of the Council of Ministers of the Ukrainian SSR on February 2, 1949 “On the reorganization of inter-district overhaul workshops ...” becomes a turning point. In this document, the construction of a new plant was planned. In 1951, the first buildings began to be erected in Lutsk, and already on August 25, 1955, by order of the Ministry Agriculture Ukrainian SSR, Lutsk Repair Plant put into operation. In September, the first products were already produced here, which is why September is considered to be the start date of the plant's history.
At first, the enterprise with a staff of only 238 people produces spare parts for the GAZ-51, GAZ-63 involved in agriculture, carries out their overhaul, and manufactures products for the needs of the Ministry of Agriculture.
On September 3, 1959, the plant became a machine-building plant. His specialization is also changing. Now bodies for GAZ-51, car shops, trailers, refrigerated trucks and products are produced in Lutsk special purpose, and body parts. With the gradual increase in space, the production program is also expanding. The production of automobile repair shops and small-tonnage refrigerators begins.
But 10 years after its founding, the history of LuAZ is changing dramatically again. LuAZ owes its birth as an automobile manufacturing plant to the war in Korea, the Irbit motorcycle plant (Ural motorcycles) and the Zaporozhye Kommunar plant (ZAZ). An epochal model for LuAZ, the leading edge conveyor (TPK or LuAZ-967) became.
After the war in Korea, where equipment from the USSR took part, it became clear that the GAZ-69 SUV was too large and vulnerable for military operations. At the forefront, a very different car is needed, like the DKW Munga. Then NAMI creates several prototypes. At the beginning, with motorcycle engine and they want to produce it at the Irbit Motor Plant, but such a machine turned out to be too “raw”. Then they plan to produce another prototype in Zaporozhye, but due to a lack of production capacity at the young Kommunar automobile plant, they are looking for another production site. For the Lutsk plant, this was a finest hour. In addition, a civilian version of the ZAZ-969 is being developed at ZAZ and even the first experimental batch is being produced there, and then all the documentation is transferred to Lutsk. So, the car factory has two models at once.
TPK - it was a purely army vehicle, in fact - a motorized cart that can land, in addition to the driver, it can carry a couple more stretchers or six seated wounded, does not exceed half a meter in height and has four-wheel drive and a winch.
In addition, TPK is an amphibian that moves through the water due to the rotation of the wheels. Her tasks in the army were different: the removal of the wounded from the front line, the supply of ammunition, the towing of light guns. The driver could control the TPK while lying on the seat or even crawling, moving next to the car and barely holding on to the steering wheel. TPK or Luaz-967 - unique car. He probably has no analogues, except for the Steyr-Puch Haflinger. And with TPK, the success of the Lutsk Automobile Plant began. The transporter entered service with the USSR army in 1969, was used in the airborne troops and motorized rifle units, and was also supplied to the countries of the Warsaw Pact. He stayed on the assembly line until 1989 and would be relevant even today. After all, there are simply no front line transporters in the Ukrainian army now.
But in addition to the army transporter, the country needed a simple, unpretentious and very passable SUV, and even as cheap as possible. It was created in record time. In 1965, when the first small cars began to be produced in Zaporozhye, two bureaus were created in Lutsk under the department of the chief designer to develop technical documentation for the ZAZ-969 car with all-wheel drive. In December 1966, the first 50 small cars ZAZ-969V. By design, it was as close as possible to the TPK, but already had a more civilized body with a canvas top. Despite the external unpretentiousness, it was revolutionary car ahead of its time in two respects.
The first Soviet "front-wheel drive" or the era of "Volynyanka"
December 11, 1966 by order of the Minister automotive industry USSR Lutsk machine building plant renamed to automobile and officially becomes LuAZ. In 1971, LuAZ determined the specialization in the production of passenger cars with increased cross-country ability for the needs of agriculture and special-purpose vehicles. But LuAZ mass-produces cars already in 1967. Yes, and what! It was in Lutsk that they were the first in the USSR to produce front-wheel drive cars.
Yes, this fact is not widely advertised, but it is true. Before the VAZ-2108, ZAZ-1102 and Moskvich-2141 appeared on the conveyor, it was even more than a decade and a half. And it happened so, one might say, by accident. The fact is that the civilian LuAZ had a connected rear axle. By the beginning of serial production, the Melitopol Motor Plant did not have time to provide new model rear axle gearbox, and therefore the LuAZ-969V series went with front-wheel drive, and the letter “B” (temporary) appeared in the model designation to distinguish the front-wheel drive modification from the all-wheel drive. Until the beginning of the 1970s, more than 7,000 such front-wheel drive LuAZs were made. Then the problems with the components were resolved, the car gained all-wheel drive and its original index, LuAZ-969. But even in this version, it was possible to turn off the rear axle and the car became front-wheel drive.
The need for inexpensive off-road vehicles was so huge that in 1976 the enterprise began reconstruction for the production of 50 thousand cars a year. At that time, LuAZ cost 5100 rubles and was the only SUV which was freely sold to the public. Neither the GAZ-69 nor the UAZ-469 were sold to civilians, and there was no Niva yet.
In 1979, a new model LuAZ-969M appeared on the conveyor, with a more modern design, a new dashboard And increased comfort. At the Turin Motor Show, she even wins an award and is among the "top ten" best cars in Europe. In addition, the modernization of the plant has already been completed, and already on September 24, 1982, the 100,000th car rolls off the assembly line in Lutsk.
It should be noted that the LuAZ-969 was not only ahead of its time, but actually became the first mass-produced compact civilian B-class SUV in the world. It was more than 20 years before the appearance of the Suzuki Samurai. Meticulous historians will certainly be able to cite analogues of LuAZ, the same Italian Samas Yeti-903, but it was produced in small quantities. And in Lutsk it was mass production. It is now that almost every manufacturer strives to have a B-class crossover in its range, and LuAZ already had such a car in the 60s.
True, it is necessary to clarify here that in those days the fashion for small SUVs in the world had not even been born yet. And at first, LuAZ did not even think about exporting. In April 1983, the first cars still go abroad through the All-Union AutoExport company. The debut was more than successful. Importers tried the inexpensive and unpretentious LuAZ-969M and began to promote it not only for farmers, but as a youth, beach SUV, adventure car. Abroad, the car went under the name Luaz Volyn and received the nickname "Litlle UAZ". They used LuAZs even in the Polish police - they patrolled the highlands.
For a youth SUV, LuAZ lacked the power of a 40-horsepower engine, and local importers were the first to experiment with replacing the air-cooled MeMZ engine with foreign ones. For example, the Italian dealer company Martorelli (which was also involved in the import of UAZs) offered LuAZs with Ford engines volume of 1.1 liters. Already in the 90s in Italy, even Lambordini diesel engines began to be installed on LuAZs (not to be confused with supercars, these were engines from small tractors).
In the vastness of the USSR, LuAZ-969M is gaining particular popularity in countryside, among hunters and fishermen due to its unique cross-country ability. What names were not given to this SUV: "Volyn", "Bagpipe", "Volynets", "Volynyanka", "Lunokhod", "Luntik". He could pass where UAZs and Niva gave way, and sometimes he could give odds to the Urals. But the LuAZ-969M had a significant drawback - it was an air-cooled engine that overheated during long off-road driving and a very capricious "stove". And when a motor from Tavria MeMZ-245 with a power of 53 hp appeared under the hood. liquid-cooled, the popularity of "Volynyanka" has increased again. This modification received the designation LUAZ-1302 and was produced until 2001.
Hope for LuAZ-1301
Back in the 80s, LuAZ was working on the next generation of the car. He is assigned the index 1301, and the modification of the previous LuAZ-969 with the "Taurian" engine went into the series earlier, although it had the following ordinal index 1302.
The designers endowed the LuAZ-1301 with unique properties. It was supposed to be the first car in the USSR with plastic body panels. It was still a unique cross-country SUV, already with larger diameter wheels, with an engine liquid cooling and hard, not a canvas top.
The collapse of the USSR crossed out all the hopes of the plant. The new model does not have time to put into production, although it was almost ready. Army orders are falling sharply, exports are disappearing at once, with the advent of used foreign jeeps on the Ukrainian market, the demand for outdated LuAZs is falling.
LuAZ designers in the 90s create an incredible number of modifications, trying to find a new market niche. Every year, LuAZ pleased either with an elongated modification 13021-04, or with a LuAZ-13021 pickup truck or a 13021-07 van, or with a beach version of the LuAZ-1302-05 Foros, even an ambulance for the countryside LuAZ-13021-08 is being created. The plant begins to produce cars with a plastic roof, with various engines, even began to install diesel units. But output volumes decreased from year to year, and inflation ate up all incomes. The plant has actually stopped. It seemed to be a dead end.
But on April 14, 2000, the Ukrprominvest concern became the owner of 81.12% of the plant's shares, and LuAZ began the next stage. The new managers who have arrived have a good sense of the market situation, and in the same year they launch the SKD-assembly of popular VAZs and UAZs in Lutsk. The plant not only resumed the production of Volynyanka, but also assembled 648 UAZs, 2250 VAZ-21093 units in a year. Every year, where VAZ-21093, VAZ-21099, VAZ-2107, VAZ-2104, VAZ-21213, UAZ-3160, UAZ-31514 were assembled at different times, then separate Kia models, Hyundai, begins assembling Hyundai HD-65 trucks. The plant is getting back on its feet and is already thinking about launching its own LuAZ-1301 model.
In 2002, a prototype of a new generation of SUVs LuAZ-1301 was created in Lutsk. The car turned out to be quite successful and proved to be quite good during the tests. She still has a plastic body, a removable roof that easily turns an SUV into a convertible, modern interior and a 1.2 liter engine from Tavria-Nova. The owner of the plant is already considering investments in the launch of mass production, and LuAZ designers present a whole range of modifications: a 5-door station wagon, a pickup truck, a medical car, a car for special services. It seemed that the LuAZ-1301 was about to go into production. The popular automotive site www.autoconsulting.ua even hosted a competition for a name for this SUV and its tuning options. A small experimental batch of LuAZ-1301 was also produced. But the beginning of the 2000s is a time of low prices for Russian cars. Eg, VAZ models then they cost up to $4,000, and hundreds of thousands were produced. LuAZ-1301 needed to have an even lower price tag, and with small production volumes this was not realistic to achieve.
At one time, an AUTO-Consulting correspondent even managed to drive this hope car, which proudly carried the LuAZ logo. But, alas, in 2006, the director of the enterprise, Vladimir Gunchik, one of the "fathers" of the LuAZ-1301, was forced to admit:
what production own jeep will be unprofitable, and the model "line" has long been outdated, and will not be continued. Thus, the LuAZ-1301 project was finally buried. And the LuAZ brand began to fade.
On October 28, 2009, LuAZ officially changed its name and became known as the Public Joint Stock Partnership " Car company"Bogdan Motors" (abbreviated as AT "AK "Bogdan Motors"). A new era has begun at the plant again.
The era of urban transport
In June 2005, the board of directors of the Bogdan corporation made a strategic decision to replace production, which later received the name "Castling". Thus, the production of the popular Bogdan buses was transferred from Cherkasy to Lutsk, and the production and assembly of passenger cars was transferred from Lutsk to Cherkasy. A new automobile plant with a capacity of 120-150 thousand cars per year is being built in Cherkassy, and it is more logical to concentrate all automobile projects around it.
LuAZ once again changes its profile and becomes a key bus plant for Ukraine. From June 2005 to April 2006, the plant creates conditions for the production of 1.5 thousand trolleybuses and buses per year. On April 6, 2006, LuAZ OJSC presents a new bus program and 300 additional jobs appear at the plant. During the second stage of the reconstruction, up to 70,000 m² of production covered areas are created at the enterprise, and productive capacity increases to 4 thousand buses and trolleybuses. Investments in production amount to 70 million dollars. Now the former LuAZ is the largest urban transport manufacturer in Ukraine. The plant masters the production of buses of all classes and trolleybuses of a large and extra large segment. New models leave its shops, which can be seen today in almost every city of Ukraine.
And again, the Lutsk plant "Bogdan" becomes an innovator in Ukraine already in a new role. It is here that the country's first diesel-electric hybrid bus. "Bogdans" break through to the European market. The plant, together with the Polish company Ursus, managed to win the tender of the city of Lublin and complete it ahead of schedule.
In 2014, the Bogdan A70100 electric bus was introduced, and in 2015, the plant was the first in Ukraine to begin production of Euro-5 A50232 buses with an Iveco engine.
factory workers" car assembly plant No. 1 PJSC Bogdan Motors looks to the future with confidence. For 60 years, the plant has completely changed its profile of activity four times, and each time it has been successful. Moreover, products Lutsk plant has always been in demand in the market. The uniqueness of the plant and the team is that in a small number (for all the time 491 thousand cars were produced here) they manage to leave the brightest mark in history. And for this reason, LuAZ is sure to be in serious collections.
So now, buses and trolleybuses "Bogdan" are known to every inhabitant of Ukraine. They will also be remembered over the years as the TPK transporter, LuAZ-969 and Lutsk VAZs. glorious history Lutsk plant continues.
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In total for the period 1966-2008. 491 thousand cars were produced at the Lutsk plant. Of these, 269 thousand "Volynyanki" LuAZ, 168 thousand cars of other brands (SKD-assembly).
For 60 years, the plant has produced more than half a million units of products. 54 thousand car shops 5.5 thousand trucks and 3.5 thousand buses and trolleybuses.
LuAZ-969, or "Volyn", as it is also called, is a Soviet passenger-and-freight subcompact all-wheel drive vehicle. The development of the model began in 1966, and the LuAZ plant released it in 1979.
Later, the plant released an updated model LuAZ-969A in 1975, and the last brand, released in 1979, was named LuAZ-969M. It was produced until 1996.
Although even now he can boast of cross-country ability, but at that time it was a real breakthrough. The secret was simple: low vehicle weight, small wheelbase and high ground clearance. The entire range of LuAZ.
Car history
It all started almost randomly, in the 1950s, the repair shops were initially transformed into a car repair enterprise, and then into a machine-building enterprise. The plant produced agricultural equipment, along with trailers, and workers repaired trucks.
And suddenly, in NAMI, by order of the Ministry of Defense, a forward edge transporter - TPK was developed. It was a completely military concept. There was the presence of a motorized cart, which could be thrown with a parachute from the plane.
Leading Edge Conveyor - TPK
In addition to the driver, a couple of stretchers or six seated passengers could fit on board. The height did not exceed half a meter. Installed the system all-wheel drive and a winch. On top of that, it can be called an amphibian, as it moved through the water with the help of the rotation of the wheels.
The model was intended for transporting the wounded, transporting ammunition, as well as towing small guns. Judging by the photos, it's hard to believe that this is passenger car, but the designers were very warm to their offspring.
So, for example, in some sources, the debut variation, built in the 58th year, had the sweet name NAMI-049 "Spark".
There was a presence permanent drive on all wheels, interaxle and a pair of interwheel differentials with locks, wheel gears and independent torsion bar suspensions located on trailing arms, a not very strong fiberglass body and a 22-horsepower MD-65 motorcycle power unit.
All this was well suited to the prototype, but by no means for the adopted combat vehicle. Therefore, the second prototype, NAMI-049A, had an open steel body with an awning.
During the design improvements, it was decided not to use center differential so that you can move on the roadway, where there is a hard surface, rear axle was made disabled.
The most important innovation was the installation of a more powerful 27-horsepower V-shaped 4-cylinder engine, the volume of which was about 0.9 liters. It had air cooling - they wanted to put a similar motor on the improved ZAZ-965A.
And this is not accidental, because specialists from the Zaporozhye Automobile Plant were involved in the development. Just in common with the popular "humped", and a little later "eared", determined the final architecture that touched the military transporter, and what kind of car it was turned into after conversion.
Model Conversion
After the transporter was developed, it was put into production in Lutsk, giving the name LuAZ-967. It will sound strange, but such cars were produced from the 61st to the 89th years and occasionally underwent modernization.
The model came into service with the army of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics in the 69th year. It was used in the Airborne Forces and motorized rifle units. In addition, it was delivered to the Warsaw Pact countries - for example, the GDR army had about 250 vehicles at its disposal.
According to numerous opinions, there are no similar models to this day. The latest upgrade has already touched the 967M, which resembled a lightweight jeep rather than a cart with an engine. Some parts of the elements were unified with cars of other companies (for example, the electrical part was taken from UAZ, and the hydraulics were used from Moskvich).
The scope of the models was significantly expanded - they began to install small machine guns. Even with the beginning of the 90s, triaxial variations were shown, but they remained only prototypes.
The Lutsk Automobile Plant has a rich and eventful history filled with the development a large number progressive technological methods, the introduction of bold and unique ideas, as well as the production of popular vehicles.
The Russian all-terrain vehicle was a "pioneer" in many ways. In particular, an all-wheel drive system was installed on it for the first time, it became the first car for the people, and in particular it was produced specifically for the needs of the rural population.
It is very interesting that the driver could drive the TPK while lying on a chair, or crawling next to vehicle while holding on to steering wheel. This is the case when there is a strong shelling.
The engineering staff of the enterprise did a great job, producing this car LuAZ. Technical equipment machines were distributed using a whole list of the latest technologies. For example, each wheel had its own gears that increase the height ground clearance.
The drive shaft was enclosed in a pipe, with the help of which the car's patency was significantly improved. The wheel suspension was torsion bar and independent. Considering all this, the LuAZ 969 Volyn was distinguished by its ease, which was due to the relatively low number of equipment and the presence of a full-supporting structure.
But the model also had its flaws, so from the beginning of the 1970s, there was a start on modernization. Initially, the design staff of the enterprise tried to increase the power of the power unit. Moreover, restyling has spread to the chassis, bodywork, as well as the interior.
Appearance
Despite its small size, the body consists of an integrated spar-type frame. Volyn is equipped with an awning top, which allows it to be universal. Small doors hang on hinges, thereby simplifying installation and dismantling.
The 969 model differs from other cars in that the wipers are attached from above, and not like other cars - from below, which is a positive moment when driving in bad weather.
If in the previous model the arches were necessary only for attaching the awning, then in the “M” version they are already in a reinforced state. They protected the interior when the car rolled over. When updating, the LuAZ-969M received new lighting equipment. Locks were put on the doors, seat belts appeared.
One of the most serious shortcomings of the "bagpipe" body was its predisposition to corrosion. But this minus can be easily solved with a simple brush. The awning does not have any particularly negative points, however, those who like to travel along forest roads should put a solid metal roof.
Then it will no longer be scary that the branches can tear the roof. With the advent of the update, they changed appearance vehicle. For the first time, "Bagpipes" began to have full-fledged windows.
In addition, special attention was paid to the moment with sound insulation. Installed Windshield with a different shape, and the doors were already with locks (this is what you thought about, you didn’t install locks before!).
The front body part has become not so angular, and the car began to look different. Not so easy to believe, however small car, from a small city in the big Soviet Union, was able to achieve international recognition.
And these are not just words, for example, even before mass production, in the 78th year, on International Motor Show, which was in Turin, the 969th model entered the top 10 off-road vehicles in Europe!
It is clear that automotive market off-road models, was previously slightly different, but this does not change the essence of the matter.
Salon
The SUV seat is borrowed from ZAZ. Among the sensors and instruments, you can find an ammeter that shows the voltage in the mains. By the way temperature transmission oil also displayed for the driver.
Interior trim, to put it mildly, leaves much to be desired. Everything is very simple and retro style. The car was clearly not created for urban traffic, but mainly for off-road driving, which means for the village.
The instrument panel, standard for army vehicles, received a more civilian look and became visually more pleasing. Some inconvenience comes from the seats, especially this can be attributed to the rear seats.
Very often, vehicle owners decide to change the door upholstery and ceiling covering. This serves to reduce noise. When they decided to upgrade the car, he began to have:
- Updated front panel;
- A different shape of the windshield;
- Doors with locks and window frames;
- plastic dashboard;
- Safety steering column and armchairs from Zhiguli.
After the collapse of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, in the 91st year, Ukraine decided to secede from the USSR, so it has already become an independent state. Relations of the automobile enterprise with Russian Federation have been discontinued.
In addition to the power unit, model 1302 borrowed chairs from Tavria, because it was already impossible to take from the Zhiguli.
"Volyn" was notable for its good capacity and solid transportation properties. If you fold the tailgate, it was possible to transport quite impressive dimensions there.
Many explain the asceticism of the car interior by the fact that during the use of the model in rural areas, where dust and dirt are inevitable, comfort and rich interior decoration would be the very last thing. Why?
Because cleaning it would always be very problematic. Of course, there is a canvas top, under which it is very hot in summer, and cool in cold weather, so you have to warm yourself with improvised methods.
But together with the driver, six fairly massive representatives of the strong side of humanity in hunting equipment can go hunting or fishing - and this is not every car can.
In the event that the rear seats are laid out, the 969th model can take an additional 400 kilograms of luggage with it, which will be very useful for fishermen and hunters.
Specifications
power unit
Powers the LuAZ-969M MEMZ engine 969A, V-shaped and air-cooled. This of course simplifies the design, but on the other hand, if necessary, does not provide it with proper cooling.
The unit comes with a volume of 1.2 liters and produces 40 horsepower. One of the disadvantages of the LuAZ car is the power unit that migrated from the Zaporozhets. Among the main disadvantages are:
- Constant filling with oil;
- It is not durable and reliable (the average life of the motor is about 50-60,000 km);
- It has a lot of noise and fairly weak power.
Therefore, if you plan to buy this SUV for yourself, you should stock up on a second spare engine.
A similar power unit was installed on some cars of the Zaporozhets brand. Based on the passport data, average consumption fuel, this mini-SUV when driving at a speed of 60 km / h, is 10.0 liters per hundred.
In other words, a full tank of "Bagpipe" should be enough for 300 - 350 km. But you should understand that this car Luaz 969 will not allow you to develop a very large top speed, as it is set at 85 km/h.
However, this should not be too surprising, because it was created not for racing tracks, but for off-road driving, where it fully reveals its advantages. It will not be superfluous to say that the native power unit can be completed so that its power will be increased to 50 horsepower.
This can be called the most optimal solution, since engines from other cars will entail too much load, and this, in turn, will lead to repeated breakdowns. Gasoline, brand A-76 is used. It accelerates to 80 km / h in 24 seconds.
Transmission
Synchronized engine with 4-speed mechanical box gears. The capacity of the gas tank is 34 liters. 969M has an independent torsion bar suspension. LuAZ is equipped with a reduction gear, which provides the necessary start and effort in front of any obstacle.
In standard mode, the front wheels drive the machine, but if necessary, you can connect the rear axle and engage the rear differential lock. Both rear and front drums are installed on the car. hydraulic brakes. The machine provides an acceptable cross.
The transmission, on the other hand, stands out for its reliable qualities, although it has its own “surprises”, for example, mixed gears, etc. The gearbox is strong enough, so problems with it, if any, are extremely rare. But it also has its own "surprises", in the form of confused speeds, and so on.
There is an additional downshift at all forward speeds. The clutch is single disc, dry. If we talk about the transmission, then a very simple design is installed on the car, which will not cause problems for car enthusiasts.
But the only drawback is that it's not easy to search necessary spare parts, due to the fact that Luaz has long been discontinued. The details themselves have a completely democratic value. Given the feedback from the owners of this SUV, we can conclude that most of them - positive characteristics.
Suspension
The ride height is a solid 280 millimeters. Front and rear suspension, is independent, torsion, where there is trailing arms on the suspension axle. They also provided for the installation of hydraulic telescopic shock absorbers of bilateral functioning.
Brake system. She was borrowed from, which in turn does not broadcast about good quality. The drive is hydraulic, double-circuit. There is a hydraulic vacuum booster - in the hydraulic drive circuit of the front wheels. Hand lever-cable type parking brake acting on the brakes rear wheels.
Steering
It is devoid of hydraulic power steering. The steering mechanism includes the presence of a globoidal worm with a two-ridged roller. The steering gear received a bipod, longitudinal tie rod, a steering linkage with left and right pendulum levers, as well as steering knuckles.
The steering column looks good if you properly care for it, for example, regularly lubricate the steering rods with a syringe. Wheel gears often start to leak. Therefore, it is necessary to have repair skills, which, by the way, you will acquire when repairing Luaz.
| Length, mm | 3390 |
| Width, mm | 1610 |
| Height, mm | 1780 |
| Ground clearance, mm | 280 |
| Front track, mm | 1325 |
| Rear track, mm | 1320 |
| Wheel base, mm | 1800 |
| Turning diameter, m | 10 |
| Curb weight, kg | 960 |
| Gross weight, kg | 1360 |
| Drive unit | full |
| engine's type | petrol |
| Number of cylinders / arrangement | 4/V-shaped |
| Engine power, hp / rpm | 40/4200 |
| Engine displacement, cm³ | 1200 |
| Type of fuel | A-76 |
| Volume fuel tank, l. | 34 |
| Maximum speed, km/h. | 90 |
| Fuel consumption in the urban cycle, l per 100 km. | 15.0 |
| Fuel consumption on the highway, l per 100 km. | 10.0 |
| Fuel consumption in the combined cycle, l per 100 km. | 12.0 |
| Gearbox type | mechanical, 4 gears |
| Front / rear suspension | independent, torsion |
| Front/rear brakes | drums |
| Tire size | 175/80 R13 |
| Disc size | 4.5J X 13 |
Modifications
As you know, the TPK, in which our model was able to be born, had several modifications, for example, three-axle cars. It is clear that Volyn itself has a considerable number of variations. Interestingly, the vast majority were produced already in the post-Soviet era on the platform of the 1302 machine.
The enterprise at one time tried to join the laws of the market economy and have time to fulfill the state order. There is information about models where there is a body, an extended wheelbase, a hard top, an extended rear overhang and four doors.
There was also a special version of "Foros", which had a "jeep" appearance and the original 6-wheeled floating "Geologist". Data transport models"birthmark" army car the leading edge could pass without difficulty in those places where the more massive models of GAZ, UAZ and Niva simply “surrendered”.
Division 969
- LuAZ-969V - the model was produced in the period from 1967 to 1971 and was a temporary version with front-wheel drive.
- LuAZ-969 - the car was produced from 1971 to 1975. It was a serial variation and had a 4x4 wheel arrangement.
- LuAZ-969A - produced from 1975 to 1979. The car represented the first modernization since power unit MeMZ-969A.
- LuAZ-969M is a car of the second modernization, produced from 1979 to 1992. The model came with an updated body.
Reliability and security
If we talk about the durability and reliability of this vehicle, then there are many conflicting opinions among drivers. A clear advantage can be called the very Zaporozhye power system, which is included in the machine.
It is located in front, which avoids the difficulty of overheating it. However, it also has its own rather weighty drawback - low motor resource.
Speaking about the devices themselves, which ensure the safety of the driver and passengers of the car, they simply do not exist in this model. There are no seat belts, pillows, which are simply “stuffed” with cars of the latest generations.
Such decisions can be explained quite easily - in those years when the car was designed, no one thought much about it. Therefore, driving such an off-road car, you will get unique sensations that cannot be found on modern jeeps.
Prices and equipment
Since the vehicle was removed from serial production for a long time, it is possible to buy it only second-hand. So that the choice is not erroneous, you need to scrupulously find a car and review a whole stack of ads.
It often happens that the car has been corroded, and it is very unpleasant when the rust eats away at the bottom. Generally speaking, the Bagpipe always had such a drawback, therefore, after the purchase, often car owners there is nothing left but to cook the body in a new way.
Although, if you look at its cost from a different angle, which ranges from $ 200 to $ 1,000, a compact Soviet SUV can be forgiven, if not all, then a lot. Interestingly, you can find ads on the net where a Lutsk car is sold from $3,000 to $5,000.
| Full title: | JSC "Lutsk Automobile Plant" |
| Other names: | LuMZ |
| Existence: | 1955 - present day |
| Location: | (USSR), Lutsk, st. Rivne, 42 |
| Key Figures: | --- |
| Products: | Cars, buses |
| The lineup: | LuAZ-967 |
After the Great Patriotic War the Soviet Union is actively restoring the national economy. Existing plants and enterprises are being revived and new ones are being created. One of the new factories that was built and put into operation in 1955 is the Lutsk Repair Plant.
History of the enterprise LuAZ.
At the initial stage, it was a relatively small company with 238 employees. The main activity of the plant was the overhaul of GAZ-51 and GAZ-63 cars, the production of spare parts for them, as well as the manufacture of repair equipment, which was in demand by the Ministry of Agriculture.
In 1959, the specialization of the plant changed, it became machine-building and its range now includes trailers, refrigerated trucks, mobile shops, bodies, as well as body parts and special-purpose products. At the same time, there is a gradual expansion of the usable areas. Here you can order a body repair.
In 1965, two own design bureaus were created at the department of the chief designer, which rapidly develop technical documentation for the ZAZ-969 car. And the next year, 1966, the company assembled the first fifty small cars. Thus, a new branch of the national economy was born in Volyn - the automobile industry. And on December 11 of the same year, in accordance with the decree of the Minister of the Automotive Industry Soviet Union The Lutsk machine-building plant is renamed into an automobile plant. Since then, the company has specialized exclusively in the production of small and small passenger and utility vehicles, as well as army transporters.
In December 1971, the Ministry of the Automotive Industry of the Soviet Union determined its automotive specialization for LuAZ, which consisted in the creation of off-road vehicles by the plant for the needs of the national economy. Without stopping the conveyor, the production of all previously produced other products were transferred to other specialized enterprises.
In 1975, the Kommunar automobile association was created with a head office in Zaporozhye. This association also includes the Lutsk Automobile Plant. By this time, the company produces a small number of cars own development which are renowned for their high quality. In the same year, serial production of the LuAZ-967M model is organized. Further design research is ongoing to create new car models.
In August 1976, in accordance with the order of the Council of Ministers of the USSR, reconstruction was carried out at the Lutsk Automobile Plant, which allows the plant to produce cars in the amount of 50 thousand units. in year.
In 1979, the Lutsk Automobile Plant mastered the production of a new car "LuAZ - 696M", which for a long time remained the only all-wheel drive vehicle in the Soviet Union.
The 100,000th car of its own design leaves the assembly line of the plant in September 1982, and since April 1983, the first cars have been exported to whole line foreign countries.
At the end of the eighties, the designers of the car factory made attempts to develop and put into production new car models. So there were prototypes "LuAZ - Proto" and "LuAZ - 1301". However, neither model was put into mass production.
The year 1990 was more than successful for the enterprise. This year, the plant is launching a new LuAZ-1302 model into mass production. In addition, a record number of machines in the history of the enterprise is assembled - 16,500 units.
Two years later - in 1992 - the company is withdrawn from production association"Kommunar" and becomes independent under the name of JSC "Lutsk Automobile Plant" (JSC "LuAZ").
In the mid-nineties, LuAZ, like many other enterprises in the territory former USSR got into a difficult position. Production volumes dropped sharply and production had to be suspended. However, the history of the enterprise did not end there.
In 2000, after the reorganization, Lutsk managed to organize the assembly of VAZ and UAZ cars. The following year 2001 was marked by the expansion of the range. Gathered "UAZ - 3160", "VAZ - 23213 ("Niva")", "VAZ - 21099", "VAZ - 2107", "VAZ - 2104". In 2002, various models of IZH, Kia, Isuzu, and Hyundai were added.
In 2005, the Lutsk Automobile Plant was included in the Bogdan Corporation. As a result, automotive production at LuAZ it is transferred to another place, and the production of buses and trolleybuses of various modifications is being launched on its industrial premises.
In 2008, the company launched the second phase of the bus and trolleybus project.
Today the history of the enterprise in Lutsk continues.
