The recent international military-technical forum "Army-2016" has become a platform for demonstrating various new developments in the field of weapons and equipment. Most of the exhibition pavilions and open areas of the forum were occupied by expositions of Russian companies and organizations, however, some of the exhibits were brought from abroad. Thus, the Belarusian company "Minotor-Service" this time showed two of its latest developments. Multi-purpose caterpillar chassis "Breeze" and "Moskit" were presented at the open area.
The Minsk enterprise "Minotor-Service" since the beginning of the nineties has been servicing and updating various military equipment. Over time, the company's specialists began to develop their own projects of various equipment. To date, several variants of tracked combat and auxiliary vehicles have been presented. The exhibition "Army-2016" has become a platform for displaying new products. Using the existing experience and some new ideas, engineers from the Republic of Belarus have recently created two variants of a universal chassis with different characteristics.
Chassis "Breeze"
The purpose of the project with the code "Breeze" was to create a promising tracked chassis suitable for use as the basis for various military equipment, primarily for special purposes. On the basis of "Breeze" it is proposed to build vehicles with various electronic equipment, such as radar or electronic warfare stations, air defense reconnaissance vehicles, command and staff equipment, sanitary, repair, etc. samples. In accordance with such requirements regarding the possibility of the widest possible application, the new chassis received a number of characteristic design features.
Exhibition model of the machine "Breeze". Photo Invasion-odessa.livejournal.com
Using the existing experience, the Minotor-Service company has formed the general appearance of two new chassis. It is noteworthy that, with the exception of some important features, the Breeze and Mosquito armored vehicles have significant similarities. The differences are associated with some features of the hull, power plant and chassis. Because of this, the appearance of the two samples is very similar, although some of its features allow you to immediately distinguish a promising technique.
There is reason to believe that the new project used not only existing ideas, but also units borrowed from some previous projects. So, a few years ago, Belarusian engineers proposed the Moskit multi-purpose chassis, which was a development of the already existing 3T platform. The design of the chassis and the overall layout of the hull allow us to talk about the continuity of old and new projects of the Minotor-Service company.
The Breeze chassis has an armored hull that protects the crew and payload from small arms bullets and artillery shell fragments. Exact booking indicators, such as the thickness of the sheets or the caliber of the bullet held, are not indicated. Probably provides all-round protection against rifle-caliber weapons. Measures aimed at reducing the damage from explosive devices, apparently, were not taken, as evidenced by the shape of the lower part of the hull.
The body of the Breeze machine received a frontal part of a characteristic shape formed by several large armor plates. The upper assembly of the forehead consists of three sheets arranged at an angle to the vertical. In this case, narrow zygomatic sheets are mounted with an outward slope. The lower part of the forehead also has three sheets, but is placed at a smaller angle to the vertical. The hull received vertical sides and a stern sheet. The roof of the presented sample consists of two parts. The front one is a horizontal sheet, and in the stern there is a small superstructure with a straight central sheet and littered side ones.
The hull layout is standard for modern armored vehicles for special purposes. The front part of the reserved volume is given for the placement of the engine and transmission. Part of the transmission units is also placed in the stern and is connected to the main power unit using appropriate means located above the bottom. Behind the engine compartment is the habitable volume. Crew jobs are placed in front of it. Other volumes of the body are given for the placement of the payload in the form of various radio-electronic or other special equipment, as well as jobs for the crew serving it.
The Breeze chassis is proposed to be equipped with a six-cylinder four-stroke diesel engine that develops power up to 300 hp. at 2600 rpm. Two transmission options are offered. The first involves the use of an automatic hydromechanical gearbox with six forward and one reverse speeds, the second - a mechanical one with 8 forward and 2 reverse speeds. Regardless of the type of gearbox, the transmission must include a double-flow stepless slewing mechanism with hydrostatic drive in an additional branch. For maintenance of the power plant in the frontal sheet of the hull, a large hatch is provided. Intake devices for supplying air to the power plant are located on the cheekbone sheets and sides of the forehead of the hull.
The undercarriage of the armored vehicle has seven pairs of road wheels with an individual torsion bar suspension, reinforced with additional shock absorbers. For the correct distribution of the mass of the machine on the chassis units, increased gaps between the first three pairs of rollers are used. Pairs from the third to the seventh are relatively dense and close to each other. In front of the hull there are guide wheels, the leading ones are in the stern. Several support rollers are used. The metal caterpillar "Breeze" is built on the basis of a parallel rubber-metal hinge. The upper branch of the caterpillar and some of the other units are covered with rubber side screens. For greater crew comfort, there is a reinforced hole in the front of the screen that can be used as a step.
The own crew of the universal chassis of the Belarusian development consists of two people. The driver and commander should be located in front of the habitable compartment at their jobs. For access to their seats, the crew is invited to use the hatches in the roof. Observation of the road and the environment can only be carried out with the help of periscope viewing devices. Each workplace is equipped with three such devices placed next to the hatch. The driver is also encouraged to use rear-view mirrors. They are hinged and fixed in working position with special locks. If necessary, the mirrors can be rotated towards the central part of the body and placed on it.
On the outer surfaces of the machine body, fastenings are provided for the transportation of various property and equipment. In the front and central parts of the sides, it is proposed to mount locks and hooks for transporting towing cables. There is also a set of fasteners for entrenching tools. Depending on the configuration of the chassis and the tasks of the special machine built on its basis, other necessary devices and assemblies can be mounted on the outer surface of the body.
The length of the Breeze chassis is 6.515 m, the width is 2.4 m, the height without special equipment is 2.45 m. The ground clearance is 390 mm. The total mass of the machine must reach 15 tons. In this case, the specific power can exceed 20 hp. per ton of weight. Declared the possibility of moving on the highway at speeds up to 70 km / h. With 280 liters of fuel on board, the chassis can travel up to 400 km. The chassis allows you to climb a wall 0.5 m high and cross a ditch 1.6 m wide. The maximum climb angle is 35 °, roll - up to 25 °. A sealed body is used, thanks to which the machine can overcome water obstacles by swimming. With the help of rewinding the tracks, speeds up to 3-5 km / h develop.
"Breeze" at the training ground. Photo Rusarmyexpo.ru/
The Breeze project involves the use of a tracked chassis with an armored hull as the basis for specialized equipment. For the installation of this or that equipment, it is proposed to use the internal volumes of the case. Also, part of the units can be installed on the outer surface of the machine. Inside the armored hull, a compartment with a length of 2.51 m, a width of 2.375 m and a height of 1.515 m is given to accommodate the equipment. The dimensions of external devices are actually limited only by the size and carrying capacity of the chassis.
According to the developer, the Breeze universal chassis can be used in the construction of self-propelled radar stations, electronic warfare vehicles, air defense reconnaissance systems, command post or ambulances, as well as technical assistance complexes. The characteristics of a promising model are similar to those of the common MT-LBu chassis, which allows it to be used as an equivalent replacement for older types of equipment. In this case, as expected, there may be some advantage in running and other characteristics.
Some modifications of equipment based on the "Breeze" may require a change in the composition of the power units. Modern radio-electronic equipment can be characterized by a rather high power consumption, which is why it needs additional funds as part of the carrier's electrical systems. To solve such problems, the new chassis can be equipped with an autonomous diesel generator set with a capacity of up to 18.7 kW.
During the recent military-technical salon "Army-2016", the company "Minotor-Service" showed a prototype of a promising universal chassis. To demonstrate the capabilities of the new machine, the exhibition sample received some additional equipment. A telescopic antenna-mast device was installed on the stern of the machine, which can be used as part of any complex of electronic equipment. In a different configuration, the chassis can receive any other equipment, including antenna systems.
Chassis "Mosquito"
The Mosquito universal chassis was also demonstrated at the Army-2016 salon. Despite the common name, the shown machine is seriously different from the previously presented samples of the same name. So, in the course of the development of previous projects of promising armored vehicles, the development company changed the design of the hull and finalized some other design features. There is reason to believe that the purpose of all these changes was to ensure maximum unification of several new models of armored vehicles. This assumption is supported by the design of the hull and some other features of the Breeze and Mosquito projects.
"Mosquito" at the exhibition. Photo Missiles2go.ru
The Mosquito chassis is similar in appearance and design to the Breeze armored vehicle, but has some differences. First of all, it is necessary to note the smaller dimensions and gross weight. Due to the difference in these characteristics, the customer gets the opportunity to purchase a universal chassis that best meets the existing technical requirements. Both chassis can be used as the basis for specialized models of military equipment. In addition, "Mosquito" can be the base for combat vehicles with one or another weapon of various classes and types.
In terms of the design and layout of the Mosquito hull, it is similar to the Breeze described above. A similar body is used with a faceted frontal part and an engine compartment hatch in the upper central sheet. The only serious difference between the frontal unit is the wave-reflecting shield, which lies on the upper frontal sheet in the transport position. The location of lighting equipment and air intake grilles remains unchanged. The habitable compartment, located in the central and aft parts of the hull, is given over to crew seats and special equipment. As in the case of the Breeze, the Mosquito is provided with an aft roof superstructure that increases the volume for equipment.
Information about the power plant of a lighter chassis is not yet available. It is possible to use unified units, which simplifies the production of equipment. In addition, the use of two transmission options based on gearboxes of different types cannot be ruled out. The chassis of the two new samples is also unified. The only significant difference between caterpillar propellers is the number of road wheels: on the Mosquito there are six of them on each side. The increased gaps between the front pairs of rollers are preserved. It is noteworthy that the rubber side screens of the light chassis consist of four sections, while the designs of five are used on the Breeze.
The Mosquito universal chassis differs from another recently introduced sample in smaller dimensions, which is due to the reduced hull length. The reduced number of track rollers is also associated with this. The length of the "Mosquito" is 5.98 m, width - 2.4 m, height - 2.15 m. The clearance corresponds to the parameters of another car - 390 mm. The total mass of the armored vehicle is declared at the level of 12.4 tons. According to the developer, the chassis will be able to reach speeds of up to 70 km / h on the highway. 280-liter fuel tanks are capable of providing a cruising range of 400 km. Water barriers are proposed to be overcome by swimming. Rewinding the tracks ensures a speed of no more than 5 km / h.
An interesting difference between the Mosquito chassis and the larger and heavier Breeze, reflected in the information materials for the two projects, is the possibility of being used as the basis for combat vehicles. Fire support, tactical reconnaissance, patrol vehicles, air defense systems or anti-tank missile carriers can be built on its basis. Interestingly, the previous models of equipment from Minotor-Service, called the Mosquito, also had the ability to install weapons and use them in various roles. Thanks to this, the potential customer gets the opportunity to choose the appropriate role for advanced technology from a larger number of options.
Anti-tank missile system based on the Mosquito chassis. Photo Rusarmyexpo.ru
As confirmation of the capabilities of the promising chassis, photographic materials have already been shown showing special equipment based on it. So, a picture of a self-propelled anti-tank complex has already been published. In this modification, the Mosquito chassis receives an elevating launcher in the rear of the hull. With the help of built-in drives, it is proposed to lift the installation together with the roof section, after which the system operator can find and attack the target using guided missile weapons.
Allegations about the possibility of turning the Mosquito into a combat vehicle of one type or another in the future may lead to the use of various combat modules with machine guns, cannons or missiles. It is likely that the specific composition of such equipment will be determined in accordance with customer requirements.
To date, the Belarusian company "Minotor-Service" has developed several projects of promising tracked vehicles suitable for use in various purposes. There are projects for the modernization of relatively old models, and in addition, new types of equipment are offered. Among other things, over the past few years, Belarusian specialists have been creating universal chassis. Some variants of such equipment have already been presented, including those retrofitted with equipment for solving specific problems. Now the list of similar developments has been replenished with two new projects.
The Breeze and Mosquito universal chassis presented at the recent Army-2016 forum are of particular interest. This technique is offered as the basis for various special vehicles required by various units of different branches of the armed forces. The advantage of this technique can be considered characteristics at the level of already existing samples of old models. As a result, it becomes possible to replace existing equipment with new analogues that have similar parameters.
It should also be noted some shortcomings of new projects. The unified armored hulls of promising vehicles have bulletproof protection, which may not be enough to solve some problems. In particular, this can seriously limit the potential of technology in a direct collision with the enemy. In addition, the lack of mine protection used in all modern armored vehicles projects can be considered a disadvantage. These security issues can severely limit the scope of the technology, preventing it from being used at the forefront.
A few weeks ago, the Breeze and Mosquito chassis were first shown to a wide range of specialists, the military and the public. For obvious reasons, the commercial prospects of this technique may still be a matter of controversy. The real results of the recent demonstration will become known later, when the first contracts for the supply of serial equipment with one or another special equipment should appear. Nevertheless, another development of the event cannot yet be ruled out, in which two interesting samples will remain exhibition items without real practical prospects. Some of the previous developments of the Minotor-Service company have reached mass production and adoption, while others have not yet interested the customer. What will be the fate of the Breeze and Mosquito chassis will become known later.
According to the websites:
http://minotor-service.by/
https://portal.rusarmyexpo.ru/
http://belvpo.com
https://missiles2go.ru/
http://invasion-odessa.livejournal.com/
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MULTI-PURPOSE TRACK CHASSIS
OJSC "RUBTSOVSK MACHINE-BUILDING PLANT"
A.I. Prokopovich, chief designer
OJSC "Rubtsovsk Machine-Building Plant" (Rubtsovsk, Altai Territory)
Since its foundation (1959), the plant has been producing the GT-T tracked transporter-tractor, which has proven itself well in the development of oil fields in Western Siberia. On the basis of this transporter, several modifications of vehicles for various purposes have been developed for transporting personnel, weapons and military equipment. At the same time, the traditional layout used in these machines, in which the area of the support branches of the caterpillars is a relatively small part of the total projection of the machine (no more than 30%), does not allow them to be used effectively enough in areas with poor soil bearing capacity. This limitation is due to the average specific pressure that is excessive for these soils, the shortcomings of the onboard turning method, the impossibility of developing the supporting surface due to the severe limitation for single machines of the ratio between the base and the track.
The search for solutions to increase the cross-country ability of tracked vehicles led to the scheme of a two-link 4-tracked vehicle with a kinematic way of turning by mutual folding of the links. In 1982, the Rubtsovsk Machine-Building Plant completed a set of development work to create heavy-duty two-link snow and swamp-going vehicles of the Vityaz family. In the same year, the machines were adopted. Soviet army, and their mass production began in the Bashkir branch of the Rubtsovsky Machine-Building Plant, which was later transformed into the Ishimbay Transport Machine-Building Plant. In 1987, the entire tracked chassis business was transferred to the Semipalatinsk and Ishimbay branches, and the Rubtsovsky Machine-Building Plant switched to the production of special vehicles on the BMP chassis.
Since 1989, including as part of the conversion of defense production, the RMZ has created several modifications of vehicles that can be used as a chassis for mounting weapons and military equipment, transporting personnel and military equipment:
- Modernized caterpillar tractor GT-TM - adopted for service, mass-produced in the interests of the national economy. The transporter can be used as a means of logistical support for troops.
- Universal caterpillar chassis 521M1 - produced in small batches in the interests of the national economy. The chassis was developed on the units and assemblies of the BMP-1 and BMP-2, however, it has higher cross-country ability, allowing its use as a tracked all-terrain vehicle. It has a modular design, easily adapts to the installation of various technological equipment.
- Multi-purpose armored vehicle 502TB - created on the basis of the chassis of the KSHM "Potok-4 (1)" on the units and assemblies of the BMP-3 in a steel case. 4 prototypes of the machine are undergoing state tests as part of the Altaets complex. In terms of payload capacity and useful volume, this machine is currently the only modern alternative to the MT-Lbu chassis, which is widely used in the troops, and in terms of mobility, maneuverability and security, it significantly surpasses it. When creating the machine, the principle of complete adaptation of the chassis to the equipment mounted on it is implemented.
- The two-link tracked transporter DT-4P and its armored modification DT-ZPB are vehicles with off-road characteristics that are unattainable for single all-terrain vehicles, therefore, in hard-to-reach areas, they are practically the only ground means of delivering personnel and military equipment. Given the modularity of the design, a family of vehicles for various purposes can be created on their basis for ground forces operations in hard-to-reach areas with harsh climatic conditions. It should be noted that at present the fleet of multi-purpose tracked chassis in the armed forces is represented mainly by foreign-made multi-purpose transporters-tractors MT-LB and MT-Lbu. Replenishment of troops with these machines has not been carried out for more than 10 years, so even the equipment in storage does not currently meet the reliability requirements for it. Tracked chassis of especially high cross-country ability are generally absent in the troops, except for single copies of two-link heavy-duty transporters of the Vityaz family.
However, in the context of limited allocations allocated by the Ministry of Defense for the purchase of equipment, even the restoration of the resource of the chassis in the troops is not currently being carried out. A small state order for the overhaul of MT-LB cannot satisfy the existing needs even in the foreseeable future. The overhaul of the MT-Lbu is generally entrusted to non-core enterprises-consumers of the chassis for the installation of weapons and military equipment (for example, the state order of Motovilikha Plants OJSC for the overhaul of the 2S1 unit, including the base chassis).
At the same time, industrial plants are actively working to market machines of this class in the interests of the national economy, the design is being tested based on the results of their actual operation, but the results of this work remain unclaimed. In particular, since 1995, the Rubtsovsk Machine-Building Plant has been mass-producing the GT-TM tracked carrier ordered by the Ministry of Defense at the time. Over the past period, the design of the machine has been worked out based on the results of operation in different climatic regions. To approve the changes made to the design, it is necessary to manufacture two prototypes and conduct type tests, but the Ministry of Defense has not yet received a response to the plant's repeated proposals.
Development work on the creation of the base chassis of the VGM light weight category, which is currently being carried out, will only be implemented in 5-8 years and, moreover, will require a set of measures to prepare for the production of new machines, so today it seems relevant to consider the issue use of the existing scientific and technical reserve of industrial enterprises.
Rubtsovsk Machine-Building Plant is already ready to cooperate on this topic in the following areas:
- Serial production of modernized GT-TM tracked transporters.
- Carrying out acceptance tests, putting into production and mass production of a multi-purpose armored vehicle 502TB.
- Overhaul of MT-LB, MT-LBV, MT-Lbu multi-purpose tracked transporters-tractors and 2S1 gun mount chassis.
The invention relates to the field of transport engineering. The universal tracked chassis on a single platform contains a thin-armored hull with three compartments. The motion control compartment contains motion controls, instrumentation, instruments and blocks of the main armament, observation devices and three seats in the front of the compartment for the driver, commander and operator, cabinets for the main armament equipment and one seat for the operator in the rear. departments. Medium compartment with main armament equipment. Sealed engine compartment located in the rear of the chassis. The engine compartment contains a main engine with a high-speed output shaft, a mechanical transmission, two final drives, a cooling system, a backup generator drive gearbox, a gas turbine engine with traction generators. The undercarriage includes a caterpillar mover, hydraulic shock absorbers, a suspension release mechanism and a caterpillar tension mechanism. In the body between the middle compartment and the engine compartment, an additional intermediate compartment is formed for the width of the entire chassis with a gearbox for backup generators and internal fuel tanks. The sustainer internal combustion engine is located perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the chassis. The high-speed output shaft is kinematically connected to the input gearbox, which has an additional power take-off shaft passing through the transverse motor partition into the intermediate compartment for connecting backup generators. The fuel system is made up of internal and external tanks according to the sequential fuel generation scheme. Achieved the unification of the caterpillar chassis on a single platform. 5 z.p. f-ly, 11 ill.
Drawings to the RF patent 2433934
The invention relates to the field of armored fighting vehicles with a thin-armored hull.
Known self-propelled anti-aircraft missile and gun complex 2S6M "Tunguska" 2K11 (G.L. Kholyavsky. Encyclopedia of armored vehicles of tracked combat vehicles 1919-2000 "Harvest", 2001, p. 299-302), containing cannon and missile weapons, radar and optical fire control means using common detection radar and tracking radar systems. The 2S6M self-propelled anti-aircraft missile and gun system has a thin-armored hull, a caterpillar mover with a track width of 480 mm and six road wheels, telescopic hydraulic shock absorbers, a power drive containing a hydromechanical transmission, and a 670 hp liquid-cooled diesel engine. The carrying capacity of the chassis does not exceed 35 tons.
The disadvantages of a self-propelled launcher are:
Small load capacity;
The absence of a power take-off shaft in the gearbox does not allow diversifying layout solutions and narrows the possibility of using additional equipment.
The closest to the proposed invention in terms of essential features is the anti-aircraft missile system "BUK - M1-2" (1. Magazine "Military Parade", 1994, March-April, p. 110-113. 2. "Rocket and artillery weapons of the ground forces "Encyclopedia XXI century. Weapons and technologies. Under the general editorship of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation Sergey Ivanov, the publishing house "Arms and Technologies", Moscow, 2001, volume 2, pp. 448-451), including a self-propelled firing system, target detection station, launcher and command vehicle.
The self-propelled firing system includes a thin-armored hull, divided into three compartments:
Traffic control compartment with traffic controls, instrumentation, as well as instruments and blocks of the main weapons, observation devices and three seats for the driver, commander and operator in the front of the compartment and cabinets for the equipment of the main weapons and one seat for the operator in the back of the compartment;
Middle compartment with main armament equipment;
Sealed compartment of the engine compartment, located in the aft part of the chassis, containing a 760 hp sustainer engine, a hydromechanical transmission, including a HOMP (hydrostatic steering mechanism), two final drives with caterpillar propellers, an ejection-type cooling system, a backup generator drive gearbox . In this case, the sustainer engine is located parallel to the longitudinal axis of the chassis. In addition, a gas turbine engine with generators for generating electricity of 220 V and a frequency of 400 Hz is installed on the right fender liner of the aft hull of the self-propelled firing system.
The undercarriage of the self-propelled fire mount is a caterpillar mover with a track width of 480 mm with six road wheels, with liquid-cooled telescopic shock absorbers, equipped with a suspension switch-off mechanism and a track tensioning mechanism, roller travel limiters for two front and one rear. The hydraulic shock absorbers and the tension mechanism are controlled by a manual hydraulic pump.
The disadvantages of this design are:
Small load capacity;
The components and assemblies included in the complex do not allow the use of unified components from the domestic medium tank, which limits the creation of new-purpose vehicles and leads to an increase in the range of spare parts for military equipment;
The presence of a cooling system leads to a complication of the design of shock absorbers;
The existing design of the steering column complicates the control of the stopping brakes;
The presence of valves in the control system of the tensioning mechanisms and turning off the suspension leads to an increase in the amount of manual work;
The location of the main engine parallel to the longitudinal axis of the chassis and the presence of fuel tanks leads to an unreasonable increase in the length of the engine compartment.
The objective of this invention is to create a number of tracked military and engineering vehicles based on a universal tracked chassis on a single platform using unified components and assemblies of the domestic medium tank T-90 with a gross weight of 28 to 50 tons and the development of unified traffic controls, simplifying the training of mechanics -drivers of military tracked vehicles.
The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that the universal tracked chassis on a single platform contains a thin-armored body with three compartments, namely, a traffic control compartment with traffic controls, instrumentation, as well as instruments and blocks of the main armament, observation devices and three seats in the front parts of the compartment for the driver, commander and operator, cabinets for main armament equipment and one seat for the operator in the rear of the compartment, a middle compartment with main armament equipment, a sealed engine-transmission compartment located in the aft part of the chassis containing a sustainer engine, a mechanical a transmission, two final drives to caterpillar propellers, a cooling system, a backup generator drive gearbox, a gas turbine engine with traction generators, and a running gear, including a caterpillar mover with road wheels, paddle hydraulic shock absorbers, a suspension release mechanism and a caterpillar tension mechanism. In the body between the middle compartment and the engine-transmission compartment, an additional intermediate compartment is formed for the width of the entire chassis with a gearbox for backup generators and internal fuel tanks, the sustainer internal combustion engine is located perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the chassis, its high-speed output shaft is kinematically connected to the input gearbox, which has an additional power take-off shaft passing through the transverse motor partition into the intermediate compartment for connecting standby generators; as the main components and assemblies of the engine-transmission compartment and chassis, the components of a domestic medium tank, for example, the T-90, are installed, and the fuel system is made up of internal and external tanks according to the sequential fuel generation scheme.
As shock absorbers for the balancers of the first, second and last road wheels, telescopic hydraulic shock absorbers without a liquid cooling system are installed as an option.
In the undercarriage, on the drive shaft of the tensioning mechanism of the caterpillar mover, as an embodiment, an overhead power drive is installed, for example, a manual hydraulic drive or an electromechanical drive powered by the on-board power supply, and to turn off the suspension of the chassis body in the kinematic chain from the balancer to the torsion bar of the first and sixth road wheels elements of a disk brake with a pneumatic drive are installed.
The gas turbine engine with traction generators is installed either in the longitudinal compartment on the right caterpillar wing liner in the rear of the chassis body, or in the compartment of the additional intermediate compartment.
In the control compartment, the transverse shafts of the gearshift rods of the right and left boxes are kinematically connected to the steering column.
Figure 1 shows a General view of the universal tracked chassis on a single platform, side view.
Figure 2 - General view of the universal tracked chassis on a single platform in terms of.
Figure 3 - General view of the self-propelled howitzer based on a universal tracked chassis on a single platform, axonometric projection.
Figure 4 - General view of the transport-loading machine based on a universal tracked chassis on a single platform, axonometric projection.
Figure 5 - General view of the radar station for adjusting fire on the basis of a universal tracked chassis on a single platform, axonometric projection.
Figure 6 - General view of the control machine based on a universal tracked chassis on a single platform, axonometric projection.
Figure 7 - General view of the self-propelled firing system based on a universal tracked chassis on a single platform, axonometric projection.
Figure 8 is a general view of the launcher based on a universal tracked chassis on a single platform, axonometric projection.
Figure 9 - General view of the radar detection and tracking based on a universal tracked chassis on a single platform, axonometric projection.
Figure 10 - General view of the command and control center based on a universal tracked chassis on a single platform, axonometric projection.
In Fig.11 - General view of the caterpillar mine layer based on a universal tracked chassis on a single platform, axonometric projection.
Universal tracked chassis on a single platform 1 (figure 1, 2) includes a thin-armored body 2 containing a traffic control compartment 3, an average compartment 4 and an engine-transmission compartment 5. In the front part 6 of the traffic control compartment 3 there are controls, including a steering column 7, brake pedal 8, fuel pedal 9, gear selector 10, transverse link rollers (left and right) of the lever system 11, kinematically connected with the left 12 and right 13 gearboxes located in the engine compartment 5. In addition, in the traffic control compartment 3 contains instrumentation (not shown), as well as instruments and blocks 14 of the main weapons, observation devices 15 and three seats for the driver 16, commander 17 and operator 18. Cabinets of equipment blocks 19 of the main weapons and one seat for the operator 20 are located in the rear part 21 of compartment 3. In the middle compartment 4 is the equipment 22 of the main armament. In the sealed engine-transmission compartment 5 there is a sustainer internal combustion engine 23 and a mechanical transmission 24, including an input gearbox 25, having an additional power take-off shaft 26 passing through the transverse motor partition 27 into a newly equipped additional intermediate compartment 28 for kinematic communication with the gearbox 29 of the reserve generators 30. The axis 31 of the sustainer engine 23 is located perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 32 of the body 2 of the tracked chassis 1. The cooling system of the sustainer engine 23 is fan-based, made by installing a centrifugal fan 33, kinematically connected to the input gearbox 25, which is connected to the high-speed shaft of the sustainer engine 23 In the mechanical transmission 24, in addition to the gearboxes 12, 13, final drives 34, 35 are included, kinematically connected with the gearboxes and with the undercarriage 36, 37, including the caterpillar mover 38, 39 with six road wheels 40, drive wheels 41, 42, wheel guides 43, 44 with tensioners 45, 46. Suspension 47 is made independent, torsion bar. In addition, shock absorbers 48 are installed on the first, second and last balancers of the road wheels 40, as well as five support rollers 49 on each caterpillar mover and a road limiter for the road wheels in the form of a rigid bracket (impact) 50 mounted on the body 2. As the main components and units of the engine-transmission compartment and chassis, units of a domestic medium tank, for example, the T-90, were installed. At the same time, the fuel system 51 is composed of internal tanks 52, 53, 54 and external tanks 55, 56, 57 according to the sequential fuel generation scheme. In the stern of hull 2 on the right caterpillar fender liner in compartment 58, a gas turbine engine 59 is installed with traction generators 60 to generate electricity of 220 V and a frequency of 400 Hz for the main armament.
In addition to this, as an implementation option:
In the running gear 36, 37, telescopic hydraulic shock absorbers without a liquid cooling system are installed as shock absorbers of the balancers of the first, second and sixth road wheels 40;
On the drive shaft of the tensioning mechanism 45, 46, an overhead power drive 61, 62 is installed, for example, a manual hydraulic drive or an electromechanical drive powered by an on-board power supply;
In the department of motion control 3 as a gear change selector, an automatic switch and a steering column with a kinematic connection with the transverse rollers of the lever system 11 are installed;
To turn off the suspension of the body 2 of the chassis 1 in the kinematic chain from the balancer to the torsion bar of the first and last road wheels 40, elements of a disc brake with a pneumatic drive 63, 64 are installed;
The gas turbine engine 59 with traction generators 60 is installed in an additionally equipped intermediate compartment 28;
In the undercarriage 36, 37 to lower the height during transportation in running order, a removable mechanism with a power drive, such as manual (not shown);
To prevent looping of the air flow from the fan 33, a deflector 66 is installed in the inlet 65;
External tanks 55, 56, 57 are installed with the possibility of movement due to the fastening elements 67 for the period of maintenance, as well as during the installation of components and equipment of the main armament.
On the basis of a universal tracked chassis on a single platform with unified units of the engine-transmission compartment and the undercarriage of the domestic medium tank T-90, vehicles for various types of troops can be created:
military vehicles for rocket troops and artillery:
Self-propelled howitzer, Fig.3;
Transport-loading machine, Fig.4;
Radar station adjustment shooting, Fig.5;
Machine control, Fig.6;
military vehicles for air defense forces:
Self-propelled firing system, Fig.7;
Launcher installation, Fig.8;
Radar detection and tracking, Fig.9
Command post control, Fig.10;
vehicles for engineering troops:
Caterpillar mine layer, Fig.11.
An example of the operation of a universal tracked chassis on a single platform as part of an air defense system:
The command post of the complex receives information about the air situation from the command post of the anti-aircraft missile brigade and from the target detection station;
The command post processes the information and issues target designation for the self-propelled firing system (SDA);
SOA searches for targets, their identification and capture for auto-tracking;
When targets enter the affected area from the SDA, anti-aircraft guided missiles are launched.
CLAIM
1. A universal tracked chassis on a single platform, containing a thin-armored hull with three compartments, namely, a traffic control compartment with traffic controls, instrumentation, as well as instruments and blocks of the main weapons, surveillance devices and three seats in front of the compartment for driver, commander and operator, cabinets for main armament equipment and one seat for the operator in the rear of the compartment; middle compartment with main armament equipment; a sealed engine compartment located in the aft part of the chassis, containing a sustainer engine with a high-speed output shaft, a mechanical transmission, two final drives to caterpillar propellers, a cooling system, a backup generator drive gearbox, a gas turbine engine with traction generators, and a chassis, including a caterpillar a propulsion unit with road wheels, hydraulic shock absorbers, a suspension release mechanism and a caterpillar tension mechanism, characterized in that an additional intermediate compartment is formed in the body between the middle compartment and the engine-transmission compartment for the width of the entire chassis with a gearbox for backup generators and internal fuel tanks, a propulsion engine of the internal combustion is located perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the chassis, and the high-speed output shaft itself is kinematically connected to the input gearbox, which has an additional power take-off shaft passing through the transverse motor partition into the intermediate compartment for connecting backup generators, and the fuel system is composed of internal and external tanks according to the sequential generation scheme fuel.
2. Universal caterpillar chassis on a single platform according to claim 1, characterized in that telescopic hydraulic shock absorbers without a liquid cooling system are installed as shock absorbers for the balancers of the first, second and last road wheels.
3. Universal caterpillar chassis on a single platform according to claim 1, characterized in that in the undercarriage, on the drive shaft of the tensioning mechanism of the caterpillar mover, as an embodiment, an overhead power drive is installed, for example, a manual hydraulic drive or an electromechanical drive powered from the onboard power supply.
4. Universal caterpillar chassis on a single platform according to claim 1, characterized in that in the undercarriage to turn off the suspension of the chassis body in the kinematic chain from the balancer to the torsion bar of the first and last road wheels, disc brake elements with a pneumatic drive are installed.
5. Universal tracked chassis on a single platform according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas turbine engine with traction generators is installed either in the longitudinal compartment on the right track liner in the rear of the chassis body, or in the compartment of the additional intermediate compartment.
6. Universal caterpillar chassis on a single platform according to claim 1, characterized in that in the control compartment, the transverse rollers of the gear shift rods of the right and left boxes are kinematically connected to the steering column.
A platform that meets a number of requirements: free movement, the ability to install additional equipment and expandability, as well as moderate cost. This is such a robot platform or, simply, a caterpillar chassis, and I will do it. Of course, I post the instructions for you to judge.
We will need:
Tamiya 70168 double gear (can be changed to 70097)
- Tamiya 70100 set of rollers and tracks
- Tamiya 70157 platform for mounting the gearbox (can be replaced with a piece of plywood 4 mm)
- Small pieces of galvanized sheet
- Plywood 10 mm (small piece)
- Arduino Nano
-DRV8833
- LM 317 (voltage stabilizer)
- 2 LEDs (red and green)
- Resistors 240 Ohm, 2x 150 Ohm, 1.1 kOhm
- Capacitor 10v 1000uF
- 2 single row combs PLS-40
- 2 PBS-20 connectors
- Inductor 68uH
- 6 NI-Mn batteries 1.2v 1000mA
- Male-female connector two pin per wire
- Wires of different colors
- Solder
- Rosin
- soldering iron
- Bolts 3x40, 3x20, nuts and washers for them
- Bolts 5x20, nuts and reinforced nuts for them
- Drill
- Drills for metal 3 mm and 6 mm
Step 1 cut the metal.
To begin with, we need to cut out four parts from sheet metal (preferably galvanized). Two pieces per track. From this scan, we cut out two parts:
The dots indicate the places where it is necessary to drill holes, next to it is the diameter of the hole. Holes of 3 mm are needed for hanging with a roller, 6 mm for threading wires through them. After cutting and drilling, you need to go through all the edges with a file, leaving no sharp corners. Bend 90 degrees along the dotted lines. Be careful! We bend the first part in any direction, and bend the second in the opposite direction. They should be symmetrically bent. There is one more nuance: it is necessary to drill holes for the screws that fasten our plates to the base. This should be done when the base is ready. We apply the workpiece to the base and mark the places of drilling so that the self-tapping screws fall into the center of the chipboard. We make two more details on the second sweep:
Step 2 prepare the base.
We assemble the gearbox according to the attached instructions. We fasten it to the platform. If there is no platform, we cut out a 53x80 mm rectangle from 4 mm plywood and attach the gearbox to it. We take plywood 10 mm. Cut out two rectangles 90x53 mm and 40x53 mm. Inside the small rectangle, cut out another rectangle so that we get a frame with a wall thickness of 8 mm.
We twist everything as shown in the photo:
In the corners of the platform, drill holes of 6 mm and insert our 5x20 bolts into them and screw reinforced nuts on top. They are needed for the subsequent fastening of various mechanisms or boards. For convenience, we immediately glue the LEDs:
Step 3 electrician.
For control we will use Arduino Nano. DVR 883 motor driver. On the circuit board, we assemble everything according to the scheme.
L1 is an inductor and C1 is needed to stabilize the Arduino voltage. Resistors R1 and R2 in front of the motors are current-limiting, their value must be selected for specific motors. I work fine at 3 ohms. LM317 is needed to charge the batteries. Voltage from 9.5 V to 25 V can be applied to the input. R3 - 1.1 kOhm R4 - 240 Ohm. The "pins" on the left are used for subsequent connection of various kinds of devices (Bluetooth, 433 MHz communication module, IR, Servo, etc.). For power we will use 6 Ni-Mn 1.2v 1000mA batteries soldered in series and wound with electrical tape.
Step 4 assemble the base.
We take our base, glue the board on it with double-sided tape. According to the first scan, the metal parts must be screwed onto small self-tapping screws to the base on the sides, with the bent parts outward. Be careful to screw it in such a way that the outermost 6 mm hole is put on the output axle of the gearbox, the bottom of the part must be parallel to the base and symmetrical with respect to the second of the same part. As a result, you should get:
To give our homemade aesthetic appearance, we will add a couple of details. It's not obligatory. We cut out a rectangle 110x55 mm from white plastic and bend it as shown in the photo. The tail is also optional, but I liked the way it looks and shakes cool when moving:
This cover covers the gearbox so that dirt does not get into it, and it makes less noise. Next, we also cut out a 52x41 mm rectangle from white plastic. We make holes for connecting the Arduino and the shutdown button as in the photo:
We stick it all on double-sided tape:
Beauty sticker.
These two parts can be made from almost any material that is at hand. It can be thick cardboard (which can then be painted), fiberboard, thin plywood or a sheet of plastic of any color. Let's not forget batteries. Glue them on double-sided tape on the right metal part of the base:
Step 5 caterpillars.
Here we need our blanks for the second sweep. We insert bolts with a semi-cylindrical head 3x20 into 3 mm holes. We put on the washers and tighten the nuts.
