The car body is the most basic and at the same time the most expensive element of it. Depending on the design, all cars are divided into two types: with and with a load-bearing body. In the first type, the body is a carrier system, and in the second, it is a separate element of the car.
Almost all modern cars have load-bearing body.
As part of the body of a passenger car has engine compartment, passenger compartment and trunk. They are attached to the structure itself or to the subframe chassis, transmission, optional equipment, electronics and machine engine. Most often, metal, aluminum acts as a material for a car body, less often - special types polymer materials.
When frame structure car as the main bearing element is the frame. All the main elements are installed on the frame: the car body, chassis and engine. Modern cars the body is always the load-bearing element, and in the case of trucks, buses and SUVs, the main load-bearing element is the frame.
Body classification
Currently, there is a generally accepted classification of the bodies of all cars according to their characteristics:
- loading;
- The main purpose;
- design;
- layout.
According to the degree of loading, there are three types of bodies:
- bearing - can take the entire load on itself;
- semi-bearing - in this case most of the load is perceived by the frame;
- unloaded - takes on the load from the weight of passengers and the cargo being transported.
Typology of bodies by purpose and layout
The layout divides the body into the following types:
- single-volume - cargo, passengers and motor are in the same volume;
- two-volume - the engine is in the engine compartment, passengers with cargo are placed in the cabin;
- three-volume - the engine is located in the engine compartment, the cargo is in the trunk, and the passengers are in the cabin.
Let's now take a closer look at the classification of three-volume bodies by layout. The main feature of the three-volume body is the sequential arrangement of the engine compartment, trunk and interior. This category, in turn, is divided into sedan, coupe, crossover, convertible and other body types. 
Sedan
In the line of models of each automaker cars there are sedans. These types of bodies, having a classic layout, are still the most popular among buyers. And this despite the fact that they are not the most functional. Such cars have four doors, a hard top and two rows of seats. The trunk and engine compartment are separated from the main cabin. A sedan, like an SUV or crossover, can have four-wheel drive.
coupe
Graceful forms and often sporty appearance make these cars very attractive. But cramped cabin, which can be equipped with only one row of seats, and two doors instead of four make them very impractical. As a rule, this body type is equipped with powerful motors and has a low suspension. 
Cabriolet
The convertible is very similar to the coupe in all respects. Most often, this type of body has a soft roof. A convertible can have either two rows of seats or four, but there are always two doors. As in a coupe, it is more convenient to ride in a convertible together - passengers in the back row will be uncomfortable.
Roadster
A very rare type of car in our area. The roadster has a soft top and one row of seats. As a rule, they have a low rigid suspension, powerful engines and cramped interior. This type of car can be had as a hobby or a second (third) car, but not as a main one. passenger car.
Limousine
The limousine has a very long base, is equipped with at least two rows of seats and is distinguished increased level comfort. The driver of the limousine is separated from the passengers by a partition. This type of body can be made on the basis of both a conventional sedan and an SUV. A limousine is used either by very wealthy people, or they are rented for some kind of celebration. A limousine is usually driven by a professional driver.
Pickup
A pickup truck is similar in shape to an SUV, only instead of a trunk it has an open cargo body separated from the cabin by a rigid partition. Excellent cross together with the ability to transport bulky goods make them truly universal cars. Such machines are in great demand among the inhabitants of rural areas. 
Two-volume
In a car with a two-volume body, the interior is in the same volume as the trunk. The trunk is most often very large and is made in the form of a door with glass. The most common two-volume cars are the liftback, station wagon, SUV, hatchback and crossover.
station wagon
Station wagon - the most versatile and sold type of car in Europe. The wagon usually has five doors. By transforming the cabin, the already considerable volume of the trunk can be increased. To do this, it is enough just to add rear seats. Most station wagons are made in the USA. The main advantage of these cars - big trunk. Like the crossover, the station wagon can have all-wheel drive and increased ground clearance. Such machines are sometimes called station wagons. off-road.
hatchback
Today, this type of car is becoming more and more popular. This type of body combines the large trunk volume of a station wagon and attractive appearance. hatchback usually more compact than a sedan and station wagon, but at the same time its trunk volume is comparable to the latter. The back door of such a machine has a slight slope. Like the station wagon, the hatchback can fold the rear row of seats in order to get a flat floor along with a seriously increased trunk volume. A hatchback is a great option for a car for every day, it has a compact size and at the same time is functional; can transport loads and look attractive.
liftback
- a cross between a hatchback and a sedan. Usually a liftback is the size of a sedan, but its trunk lid, along with the glass, rises like a hatchback. This feature makes the car much more functional than a sedan. 
SUV
In appearance, an SUV is similar to a station wagon or crossover. big size. His main feature- this is the presence of all-wheel drive and increased ground clearance. The main purpose off-road vehicles- driving along bad roads and directions. The SUV usually has a frame, while the crossover most often does not have a frame.
crossover
A crossover differs from an SUV in its smaller size and greater versatility. The crossover is a compromise between high level cross-country ability and comfort when driving on ordinary roads. Today, urban residents are increasingly buying to feel more confident on bad roads.
One-volume
One-volume car body type is not very common. The main representative of a one-volume body is a minivan. Compact vans and microvans are even less common.
Minivan
This type of car is designed to transport people. Very often they have three rows of seats and a side sliding door. This type of machine is characterized large sizes. Also, these body types are very popular with large families.
Compact vans and microvans
These types of cars are different from minivans compact size and more presentable appearance. Like a crossover, a microvan and compact van can have all-wheel drive and increased ground clearance.
The car has long been considered not only as a means of transportation, at the present time it has become an integral part of civilization. That is why the types of car production have become so diverse, offering cars with all sorts of equipment designed to meet the most diverse needs of customers. In the modern car market, there is a huge variety of models that differ in body type, all varieties of which are unlikely to be able to name even the most advanced motorist.
The main purposes of the car body
In the field of mechanical engineering over the past couple of decades, a large number of vehicle body modifications have been developed and produced, among which, according to the most conservative estimates of experts, there are more than 15 types of passenger cars by body type alone. And here the question is brewing: why do we need so many body types? If you had to buy a car, then in the salon the consultant will ask for what purposes the transport is needed, do you have a large family, in what area do you plan to travel? In other words, it will reveal your needs, and people associated with vehicles actually have a lot of them. Thus, the body of a modern car is able to meet the different requirements of consumers: the capacity of the passenger compartment and trunk, the shape and height of the car, and individual functional features.
Modern and their classification
The mass automotive industry dates back to the 20th century. The first models were more like an open wagon, which was not driven by horses, but by an internal combustion engine.
With the growing demand for self-propelled vehicles, the production technology was being finalized, the manufacturers had the goal of producing types of vehicles that could not only transport people, but also provide protection and comfort to passengers. This is how closed bodies appeared, inside which people were protected from negative influences. weather conditions(rain, snow, wind, sun, cold).
At the present stage, the classification of bodies is carried out depending on many criteria:
- Purpose (bodies of passenger, cargo-passenger and passenger cars).
- According to the degree of workload.
- By layout.
- By design features (open, closed bodies).
Body types by layout
This classification criterion divides the bodies according to the number of visually visible volumes (parts) of the car silhouette:
- One-volume bodies suggest the location of passengers, engine and possible cargo in one visually integral part.
- In two-volume bodies, the engine is located in one part of the structure (under the hood), and passengers and cargo are in the other (cabin)
- The three-volume body consists of a hood, under which there is an internal combustion engine, a passenger compartment, and a separate compartment for luggage (trunk).
Bodies according to the degree of load
Car bodies may be structurally different depending on the expected degree of load on them:
- have many common ones (including VAZ). The exception is premium cars. Functional feature of this body type is that all weight loads belong to the body part.
- The semi-supporting body is applicable for the production of buses in which the load is distributed between the body and the frame.
- The unloaded body is mounted on the frame using special rubber pads. Such a body takes on the load only from the transported people and goods.
Types of cars with an open body
In the category of cars with open top includes several models, including not only the world-famous convertible, but also a roadster, brogue, targa, phaeton, spider and others. Let's describe the most common:
Category of passenger cars with a closed body type
Main types of cars by type closed body the following:
Truck bodies
World automakers produce not only passenger cars, trucks by body type, there is also a huge variety today. Trucks differ primarily from cars in that the former have without fail a frame is provided, which takes on part of the load.
The body of a modern car is a load-bearing element.
Note
Not yet on all cars, it is the body that performs the supporting function, it happens that all the main elements of the car are attached to the frame, but more on that later.
The concept of "carrier" speaks for itself. Roughly speaking, it is on the body and its elements that all equipment and assemblies are hung, and it “carries” them on itself. All forces and loads from the road through the wheels and suspension are transferred to the body.
Body types
Car bodies can be divided into one-, two- and three-volume. In this case, volume is understood as a space / container for accommodating something, separated by a partition from another part of the body.
Two-volume
Simply put, in a two-volume body there is an allotted volume (space) for the engine (engine compartment with a full-fledged hood cover). It is separated by a transverse partition from the second volume - the passenger compartment along with the luggage compartment.
Figure 2.1
Three-volume
In a three-volume body there is a volume for the engine, passengers with a driver and a volume for the luggage compartment.
Figure 2.2
One-volume
An interesting situation with a one-volume body. There is no such volume under the engine compartment. The engine is actually located in the passenger compartment under the dashboard.
This is one of the main divisions of car bodies by type.
Figure 2.3
Body types
So, with the number of volumes car bodies figured out, now let's go directly to the classification by type.
Body type partly determines the functional purpose of the car: whether it is for driving pleasure, or for transportation a large number people, or for comfortable movement from point A to point B, etc. - the shape and content of the body will correspond to its purpose, even in the era of unification, universalization and all kinds of aspirations of marketers to satisfy the largest possible number of potential customers who, in their preferences very exacting.
Sedan
Briefly: three-volume, four-door, five-seater
Let's start with one of the most common and popular, at least in our CIS, body type - a sedan. This is a three-volume body with four doors (very rarely - with two) and, often, with five full-fledged seats for average adults.
Considering that almost every car brand is almost a standard of devotion to its brand, the name of the body type within the company and for different countries may differ from, so to speak, standardized. Therefore, for example, in Germany, sedans are called Limousine, and in foggy Albion - nothing more than Saloon.
coupe
Briefly: three-volume, two-/four-door; two-, four-seater or with a layout of places "2 + 2" (two full-fledged and two children's).
Following the sedan, let's consider its more dynamic version - a coupe, the same three-volume, but with two doors. In general, in the old days, in order to be called a “coupe”, a car had to have only two front seats (the exception is plus two more, but inferior seats in the back), two doors and a shortened wheelbase. But with the granting of broader powers to the same marketers, the name “coupe” began to be attributed to full-fledged “sedans” for a beautiful word, a distinctive feature of which was a pronounced sloping, littered rear pillar body. The brightest representatives this type of steel Mercedes-Benz CLS, Audi A5 Sportback and VW CC.
Limousine
Briefly: three-volume, four-door, four-/eight-seater.
Since we started talking about three-volume vehicles, it is worth remembering the body type of a limousine (not to be confused with a limousine in Germany, where it is called Poolman-Limousine or simply Poolman). This, again, is a sedan, but often with an extended wheelbase, sometimes with three rows of seats and with a rigid partition separating the driver from passengers. In most cases, the partition has a lifting glass. I don’t want to ignore the now rare, but rather spectacular transformations of the sedan body.
Rare variations of the sedan body
For example, fastback(there is a domestic representative of this kind - the GAZ M20 Pobeda) - the body is actually three-volume, but with such a sloping rear that the profile gives the impression of a lack of a trunk as such.
There are also hardtop sedan, once a popular type in the United States of America, is a sedan with no B-pillar and sometimes frameless doors. This type was once popular in the United States of America.
station wagon
Now let's move on to cars of a two-volume family, which is very widely represented on the market. automotive technology. And the first thing to mention is the station wagon body type. This is a five-seat, five-door, less often three-door car with a rear wagon type and usually a nearly vertical tailgate. The name of the body type speaks for itself. The versatility lies in the fact that, while enjoying the ride, you can carry a fairly large amount of luggage. Most station wagons have the function of increasing the volume of the luggage compartment due to the folding rear seats.
After its appearance, the station wagon underwent various metamorphoses: it either lengthened, then became higher, or even expanded in all directions.
SUV (Universal cross-country ability)
Briefly: two-volume, three-/five-door, five-/seven-seater.
By increasing the ground clearance, slightly stretching the body in height, in some cases installing all kinds of plastic protective pads, from the station wagon they got a body type with a straightforward name - “all-terrain wagon”. Cars with this type of body belong to the SUV class (Sport Utility Vehicles, in the common people - "SUV"). In terms of cross-country ability, in the literal sense of the word, the car has not gone far from its progenitor, but in terms of comfort it can give odds to many.
hatchback
Briefly: two-volume, three-/five-door, five-/seven-seater.
The hatchback is one of the most popular body types in Europe. This is a two-volume body, which is a shortened version of the station wagon. Literally, "hatchback" is translated as "behind the back." With the same comfort as in a station wagon, it will no longer be possible to carry 4-5 passengers and bulky cargo, but a couple of large bags will fit. However, hatchbacks, like their elongated counterpart, have the function of folding the rear seats. Therefore, if there is no need to simultaneously transport a team of builders with working equipment, then by folding the back of the second row of seats, you can get a cube, or even more, of additional space.
Minivan, microvan and compact van
Briefly: One-/two-volume, four-/five-door, four-/seven-seater
Remembering the metamorphoses of the station wagon body, we smoothly approached cars that embody practicality and nepotism. Among all types of bodies, the leader in the number options interior transformation - minivan. This is mainly a two-volume, very rarely a one-volume, a body with five, six or seven seats, with four doors (one rear sliding) or five doors (all hinged doors or two rear sliding). The beauty of any minivan is that the rear seats can be folded completely or separately, in some cases they can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the interior of the car to specific needs.
Having slightly reduced in size, cutting down the functionality of the cabin, but not to the detriment of the comfort of passengers, they received a microvan body type, otherwise it is still the same minivan.
Compact MPV inherited from relatives with common part"-van" only the height of the ceiling and approaching vertical fit driver and passengers, while maintaining at the proper level of comfort, but only for a maximum of five people. The luggage compartment, alas, suffered the most from the transformations.
Cabriolet
Briefly: three-volume, two-/four-door, four-/five-seater, with folding roof
A word about the most spectacular body types. A convertible is a typical four- or even two-door “sedan”, with a folding roof made of some kind of soft fabric material, with four full-fledged seats for passengers, including the driver (it’s hard to call individual versions five-seater). It also happens that the roof is metal, but still folding, in which case the body is called a “coupe-cabriolet”. Spectacular body type is named, just because of its openness. However, all the enthusiasm of the owner of a convertible can instantly disappear in the absence of an automated top folding function (yes, there are such in our era), because rain, slush, wet interior and refusing to fix on the frame windshield roof will leave a lasting impression.
Roadster
Briefly: three-volume, two-door, double, with folding or removable roof
The convertible's cousin is the roadster. The latter is uncompromising - only two doors and two seats. Why cousin? Because it is made on the basis of a coupe, which is the flesh of a sedan. A roadster can also have either a soft top or a hard top. One thing unites, like relatives, a roadster and a convertible - the volume of the luggage compartment, ruthlessly eaten drive mechanisms and the roof itself, if it is folded.
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Modern cars are produced with a variety of body styles. Their designation is not always the same, in some cases there are several interpretations. In our article, we will analyze the main body types of cars.
Car bodies: their purpose and types
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Over the past 20 years, auto designers from advanced countries have managed to introduce many original body varieties into production. Increasingly, there are those that combine the selected qualities of several car bodies. If earlier there were much fewer of them, today the number of individual body types has not only increased, but they have become a decisive link in determining the price and size of the produced car.
15 samples of a modern car body - experts call this number. And not every fan can boast of knowing the names modern bodies, their purpose, advantages and disadvantages.
What determines the body, why is it so important and why do you need so many different types? All motorists know that the body is the main element of the car, which determines its shape and makes it possible to transport people, goods, and so on. It depends on the body how many passengers fit in the cabin, what can be put in the trunk, etc.
If we consider grouping body models in the automotive industry specifically, the differences relate to the following:
- destinations;
- design features;
- Load parameter;
- Kits, layouts, and so on.
Note. You should be aware that the "passenger cars" bodies are passenger frameless or semi-framed design.
As for the layout of the body, the following types are distinguished today:
- 1-volumetric, which imply the location of passengers, luggage and motor in a single spatial volume;
- 2-volume, implying the presence of luggage and people in the cabin, and the internal combustion engine under the hood. These body types are characterized convenient sizes and the presence of a large, roomy luggage compartment;
- 3-volume. In this case, people are provided in the cabin, the engine is under the hood, and the trunk is intended for cargo. They are considered to be less versatile among other body types, since their transformation is limited to a protruding front and rear.
As for the degree of loading:
- There is a load-bearing body designed to perceive all loads;
- A semi-supporting body is distinguished, which perceives only those loads that fall on the frame;
- Distinguish unloaded body, perceiving only the cargo and the mass of passengers.
Body types: closed and open
Category of cars with a closed body
This group includes the classic sedan, hatchback and its subtypes, limousine, coupe, minivan and other cars that imply a closed design.
Sedan
The most common sedan body type. It can be 2 or 4 doors, although in some cases 5 doors. Among distinctive features of this body we note:
- Mandatory presence of two full-size rows of seats;
- The trunk of sedans is structurally separated from the passenger compartment, the car does not have a rear lift door;
- The sedan is a typical 3-volume body.
Sedans are named, by right, classic cars and today they are in production line most automakers. Their popularity is great among consumers, it is difficult for cars with a different type of body to compete with them.
Sedans can be assembled on an extended base. In this case, they are marked with the letter L and designated as a luxury class.
Note. Tudor can be attributed to additional varieties of sedan. This is a design equipped with 2 doors, but differs from the coupe in the presence of 2 full-size rows of seats. Our legendary Zaporozhets also belongs to such machines.
hatchback
2-volume cargo-passenger body hatchback, equipped with 2nd, 5th or less often 3rd doors. This closed body type is characterized by the following parameters:
- It has a rear door and differs from the station wagon in a shorter rear overhang;
- The tailgate of hatchbacks always has a slight slope;
- Considered the most popular body types in Europe. There they are produced in almost any class;
- Among the main advantages of hatchbacks are their compactness compared to sedans and maneuverability compared to station wagons.
Hatchbacks are easy to transform if you take them off. rear shelf closing luggage compartment. Having folded additionally rear seats, we get a roomy extra space.
Note. It is customary to call microvans a kind of hatchback subtype. However, the name does not mean that these cars are smaller. On the contrary, this is an enlarged sample of a hatchback with a spacious interior. Recently it has become more and more popular in Russia.
station wagon
The station wagon has the same door options as the hatchback. Features of the following order distinguish it:
- This is a cargo-passenger 2-volume body, assembled on the basis of a sedan, only with the presence back door like a hatchback. The rear overhang of station wagons is similar to the sedan or made even longer;
- The trunk of the station wagon is always large and combined with the interior.
Note. To easily turn passenger station wagon in the cargo-passenger, it is enough to fold the rear seats.
For the first time, the station wagon was released by the legendary Ford company. From modern cars Russian car industry these include Lada Largus.
liftback
Liftback is a body type that is a cross between a hatchback, station wagon and sedan. Stands out:
- From a hatchback - a longer rear;
- From the rest of the 2-volume structures - a special slope of the roof (Skoda Octavia).
Note. There is an opinion that the secret of high sales of liftbacks is their similarity with a sedan.
coupe
Another body type that belongs to this category is called a coupe. Differs in the following features:
- The presence of only one row of seats (if the coupe is equipped with a second row of seats, then the place is always with poor capacity - 0.93 cubic meters of free zone);
- 3-volume cars of this type often look like sports cars, although there are also luxury executive coupe models (Porsche 911, Cadillac Eldorado).
Similarity to sport coupe and gives the oblique silhouette of the roof at the back. Cars with a coupe body type are very elegant and prestigious, but it is difficult to call them comfortable because of the tightness.
Limousine
The limousine is also closed types 3-dimensional body. Here are its features:
- This is the car of the highest executive class, assembled on the basis of a sedan, but with a longer wheelbase;
- Limousines always have a partition behind the front seat, but long-wheelbase sedans do not.
Limousines are produced with 4-doors, several rows of seats are provided in the cabin.
Minivan
A minivan is 1-volume, less often 2-volume. Here are its features:
- The body of this car is a cross between a station wagon and a small bus (often referred to as a high-capacity station wagon);
- The door to the second row of seats is usually sliding;
- Minivans are also called cabover bodies or a small van (translated from English);
- Minivans can also be equipped with a third row of seats (Honda Odyssey, Toyota Sienna).
The advantage of minivans is called them dimensions and spaciousness. Ideal family car first released in the 80s.
Note. There is also a body called a compact MPV. This is a kind of middle peasant, similar to both a minivan and a microvan (a copy of a hatchback). These vehicles are equipped with a third row of seats. The exterior of a compact van looks much neater than that of a minivan. A new type of body, which began to be produced only in the early 90s.
SUV
One of popular cars beginning of the new century. Body features as follows:
- 2-volume body is equipped with 5 or 6 overall doors;
- The presence of rows of seats - 2 or 3.
In principle, an SUV is the same station wagon, but it is distinguished by features technical nature: four-wheel drive, huge dimensions and high ground clearance. Ideal car for off-road driving.
crossover
A kind of SUV, but with differences:
- Lower clearance height;
- Great compactness.
Crossovers have been very popular lately. They are increasingly bought for the urban jungle, because compact car makes it easy to maneuver under traffic lights and move even on poor-quality asphalt.
Pickup
3-volume body type with an open cargo area. It refers, rather, to the passenger-and-freight variants of the car, and not to the passenger cars. Differs in the following features:
- The trunk (cargo area) is separated from the cabin by a rigid partition;
- Cars with such a body are super passable.
Favorite workhorses of farmers from America and Australia. The current cars with a similar type of body are mostly assembled on the basis of an SUV.
Category of cars with an open body
This group includes cars such as a convertible, roadster, brogue and others.
Cabriolet
Open automobile 3-volume body. It looks like a coupe, but differs from it by the presence of a soft awning roof that folds behind the rear seats.
Other features:
- The roof is folded so that the doors and side windows remain motionless;
- A striking example of such cars is the Peugeot 206 SS.
Note. It is also customary to distinguish between coupe-cabriolet. These cars have a metal roof instead of an awning, and it folds into the trunk.
Roadster
Open 3-volume body, like a convertible. The following features make it stand out:
- The presence of one row of seats and a soft opening roof;
- A striking example of such cars is the Mini Cooper Roadster.
Phaeton
This is a 4-door body with a folding soft top. Its other features:
- Designed for 5-6 seats;
- Does not have side windows.
Note. Phaetons are often confused with high-end 4-door convertibles.
Brougham
Type of 3-volumetric body, characterized by the following:
- The presence of a closed zone of the top. It is designed for rear passengers;
- The presence of free space above the driver's head.
Coupe de ville, as brogues are often called, is not so popular in our time. But if desired, it is made to order.
Targa
Type of 3-dimensional body, rarely seen on the roads. Distinctive features:
- Considered one of the variants of the 2-seat roadster type Sport, but with a rigid fixation windshield and the presence of a cylindrical frame behind the seats;
- Open, foldable in the trunk, the middle part of the roof. Rear end the top of the body is completely covered with glass;
- A striking example is the Porsche 911 Targa.
Note. Targa is a passenger body equipped with a very powerful middle rack.
In addition to those described open types the bodywork is also known as spider, landau and shooting break.
So, having learned a lot about the types and varieties of car bodies, the reader can make the right choice. I would like to remind you that in addition to the above information, it would be useful to study articles that describe in detail the advantages and disadvantages of various design features a specific car, as well as instructions for caring for the body with your own hands.
There are many passenger cars in the world, they differ from each other maximum speed, weight, internal stuffing and many other parameters. But the first thing that every motorist pays attention to during the purchase is the body.
There are so many types of passenger car bodies that it’s simply impossible to remember everything. Moreover, most of them have long since sunk into the past. In fact, only 7-12 types are currently used in the automotive industry.
Seven types of the most popular car bodies
The body acts as the supporting part of the machine. Therefore, his choice directly affects not only aerodynamic characteristics, but also such operational qualities as reliability and conditions for using a car. In addition, each type of car body is designed for its own segment of customers.
coupe
The hatchback is a stripped down version of the sedan. The lack of a separate rear trunk directly affected the maneuverability of the passenger car. This type of body provides good handling even on the most difficult parts of the road.
The hatchback body consists of only two sections. But this in no way affects the convenience of the luggage compartment. This is not even a trunk, but a niche in which it is convenient to put a variety of utensils and things. good example type of this passenger car is Chevrolet Cruze.
A hatchback may only have three or five doors. The niche for the trunk is also closed by default with a door. An interesting fact is that in the beginning, the hatchback came as an addition to the sedan. But soon the high popularity of this type of passenger car body forced manufacturers to reconsider their marketing approach.
station wagon
Station wagon - this is the type of car body that is chosen for the whole family, and now you will understand why. Cars are two-volume, but unlike hatchbacks, they have much more inner space. If necessary, the rear seats can be removed by expanding the niche space.
Advice! In the expanded niche, you can easily put bicycles or some bulky cargo.
The designers managed to achieve an increase in the internal space by lengthening the machine. Usually given type the body of a passenger car has five doors, but there are models with two doors, however, there are very few of them, and for the most part they are considered rare. Among popular models:
- opel record,
- Volkswagen Passat,
- Opel Astra,
- Ford Sierra.
Limousine
Limousine - this type of car body represents the so-called Luxuary class. Simply put, this expensive cars with every comfort, including a minibar and spacious salon with side sofas.
The closest design of a limousine to a sedan. With one exception, the limousine is much longer. The body includes three sectors:
- luggage compartment,
- salon,
- underhood space.
In truly luxury limousines driver's seat separated from the passenger compartment. This was done in order not to interfere with passengers to have fun or conduct important negotiations. The most popular limousines include:
- Imperial Crown,
- "Seagull",
- Lincoln Town Car.
Pickup
A pickup truck is a body type of a passenger car. But its texture and design allows you to transport big loads and drive off-road. The main feature of any pickup truck is that it has one compartment for passengers, which can have either two or four seats and open body, the latter, if necessary, is covered with a tarpaulin.
Pickup powerful machine, which can overcome difficult rural roads and help farmers in their work. At least that's how it was originally intended. In Russia, this body type has found a completely different application.
Pickup trucks are ideal for country trips. They are not afraid Russian off-road. In addition, this machine can always be loaded with potatoes, apples and seedlings. At the same time, passengers will feel very comfortable, as the cargo will be separated from them by a partition.
This type of car body is equipped with both one set of doors and two. The most popular models in Russia include:
- Dacia Logan pickup,
- Mitsubishi L200.
Russian motorists prefer inexpensive and economical pickups.
crossover
Crossover - this type of car body has gained popularity in last years. The thing is that this is an ideal option for the city, and at the same time a car that will drive off-road without much difficulty.
Important! Of course, the crossover is inferior to an SUV in terms of cross-country ability, but its capabilities are quite enough for a resident of the metropolis.
The design of this car is a symbiosis of station wagon and SUV. High ground clearance and a spacious interior are the main advantages of the car. The car allows the driver to feel on top even in the most dense stream.
The layout of the crossover is two-section. The design uses from three to five doors. There is no separate trunk, instead of it there is a rather roomy niche. If necessary, the rear seats, like the station wagon, are removed, expanding luggage compartment.
In Russia, the following crossover models have gained the greatest popularity:
- land Rover Freelander,
- Toyota RAV 4,
- Nissan Juke.
among the people modern crossovers received the name "SUVs".
SUV
The SUV is the ancestor of all crossovers. He has much more ground clearance. Moreover, in most cases, the car has all-wheel drive and many modes for driving over rough terrain.
The body type of the car is closest to the station wagon. If desired, you can easily remove the seats and expand the interior. Popular models in Russia include:
- Jeep Wrangler,
- UAZ "Patriot"
- Ford Maverick.
The cost of such machines is very high, but their performance characteristics quite justify the high price.
Results
car series contains many cars, different types bodies. The most requested ones are listed above. Very close to them in terms of demand are:
- minivans,
- vans,
- fastbacks,
- phaetons,
- hardtops.
They were not described because the differences in designs with the bodies presented above are minimal. The auto industry is constantly improving the design of passenger cars, so hybrid cases on the market are not uncommon.
