The car body is the most basic and at the same time the most expensive element of it. Depending on the design, all cars are divided into two types: with and with a load-bearing body. In the first type, the body is a carrier system, and in the second - separate element car.
Almost all modern passenger cars have a load-bearing body.
As part of the body of a passenger car has engine compartment, passenger compartment and trunk. They are attached to the structure itself or to the subframe chassis, transmission, optional equipment, electronics and machine engine. Most often, metal, aluminum acts as a material for a car body, less often - special types polymer materials.
In the case of a car frame structure, the frame acts as the main load-bearing element. All the main elements are installed on the frame: the car body, chassis and engine. Modern cars the body is always the load-bearing element, and in the case of trucks, buses and SUVs, the main load-bearing element is the frame.
Body classification
Currently, there is a generally accepted classification of the bodies of all cars according to their characteristics:
- loading;
- The main purpose;
- design;
- layout.
According to the degree of loading, there are three types of bodies:
- bearing - can take the entire load on itself;
- semi-bearing - in this case most of the load is perceived by the frame;
- unloaded - takes on the load from the weight of passengers and the cargo being transported.
Typology of bodies by purpose and layout
The layout divides the body into the following types:
- single-volume - cargo, passengers and motor are in the same volume;
- two-volume - the engine is in the engine compartment, passengers with cargo are placed in the cabin;
- three-volume - the engine is located in the engine compartment, the cargo is in the trunk, and the passengers are in the cabin.
Let's now take a closer look at the classification of three-volume bodies by layout. The main feature of the three-volume body is the sequential arrangement of the engine compartment, trunk and interior. This category, in turn, is divided into sedan, coupe, crossover, convertible and other body types. 
Sedan
In the line of models of each automaker cars there are sedans. These types of bodies, having a classic layout, are still the most popular among buyers. And this despite the fact that they are not the most functional. Such cars have four doors, a hard top and two rows of seats. The trunk and engine compartment are separated from the main cabin. A sedan, like an SUV or crossover, can have four-wheel drive.
coupe
Graceful forms and often sporty appearance make these cars very attractive. But cramped cabin, which can be equipped with only one row of seats, and two doors instead of four make them very impractical. As a rule, this body type is equipped with powerful motors and has a low suspension. 
Cabriolet
The convertible is very similar to the coupe in all respects. Most often, this type of body has a soft roof. A convertible can have either two rows of seats or four, but there are always two doors. As in a coupe, it is more convenient to ride in a convertible together - passengers in the back row will be uncomfortable.
Roadster
A very rare type of car in our area. The roadster has a soft top and one row of seats. As a rule, they have a low rigid suspension, powerful engines and cramped interior. This type of car can be had as a hobby or a second (third) car, but not as a main one. passenger car.
Limousine
The limousine has a very long base, is equipped with at least two rows of seats and is distinguished increased level comfort. The driver of the limousine is separated from the passengers by a partition. This type of body can be made on the basis of both a conventional sedan and an SUV. A limousine is used either by very wealthy people, or they are rented for some kind of celebration. A limousine is usually driven by a professional driver.
Pickup
A pickup truck is similar in shape to an SUV, only instead of a trunk it has an open cargo body separated from the cabin by a rigid partition. Excellent cross together with the ability to transport bulky goods make them truly universal cars. Such machines are in great demand among the inhabitants of rural areas. 
Two-volume
In a car with a two-volume body, the interior is in the same volume as the trunk. The trunk is most often very large and is made in the form of a door with glass. The most common two-volume cars are the liftback, station wagon, SUV, hatchback and crossover.
station wagon
Station wagon - the most versatile and sold type of car in Europe. The wagon usually has five doors. By transforming the cabin, the already considerable volume of the trunk can be increased. To do this, just fold down the rear seats. Most station wagons are made in the USA. The main advantage of these cars - big trunk. Like the crossover, the station wagon can have all-wheel drive and increased ground clearance. Such machines are sometimes called station wagons. off-road.
hatchback
Today, this type of car is becoming more and more popular. This type of body combines the large trunk volume of a station wagon and attractive appearance. hatchback usually more compact than a sedan and station wagon, but at the same time its trunk volume is comparable to the latter. The back door of such a machine has a slight slope. Like the station wagon, the hatchback can fold the rear row of seats in order to get a flat floor along with a seriously increased trunk volume. A hatchback is a great option for a car for every day, it has a compact size and at the same time is functional; can transport loads and look attractive.
liftback
- a cross between a hatchback and a sedan. Usually a liftback is the size of a sedan, but its trunk lid, along with the glass, rises like a hatchback. This feature makes the car much more functional than a sedan. 
SUV
In my own way appearance SUV looks like a station wagon or crossover big size. His main feature- this is the presence of all-wheel drive and increased ground clearance. The main purpose off-road vehicles- driving along bad roads and directions. The SUV usually has a frame, while the crossover most often does not have a frame.
crossover
A crossover differs from an SUV in its smaller size and greater versatility. The crossover is a compromise between high level patency and comfort when driving on ordinary roads. Today, urban residents are increasingly buying to feel more confident on bad roads.
One-volume
One-volume car body type is not very common. The main representative of a one-volume body is a minivan. Compact vans and microvans are even less common.
Minivan
This type of car is designed to transport people. Very often they have three rows of seats and a side sliding door. This type of machine is characterized by large dimensions. Also, these body types are very popular with large families.
Compact vans and microvans
These types of cars are different from minivans compact size and more presentable. Like a crossover, a microvan and compact van can have all-wheel drive and increased ground clearance.
The body of a modern car is a load-bearing element.
Note
Not yet on all cars, it is the body that performs the supporting function, it happens that all the main elements of the car are attached to the frame, but more on that later.
The concept of "carrier" speaks for itself. Roughly speaking, it is on the body and its elements that all equipment and assemblies are hung, and it “carries” them on itself. All forces and loads from the road through the wheels and suspension are transferred to the body.
Body types
Car bodies can be divided into one-, two- and three-volume. In this case, volume is understood as a space / container for accommodating something, separated by a partition from another part of the body.
Two-volume
Simply put, in a two-volume body there is an allotted volume (space) for the engine (engine compartment with a full-fledged hood cover). It is separated by a transverse partition from the second volume - the passenger compartment along with the luggage compartment.
Figure 2.1
Three-volume
In a three-volume body there is a volume for the engine, passengers with a driver and a volume for the luggage compartment.
Figure 2.2
One-volume
An interesting situation with a one-volume body. There is no such volume under the engine compartment. The engine is actually located in the passenger compartment under the dashboard.
This is one of the main divisions of car bodies by type.
Figure 2.3
Body types
So, we figured out the number of volumes of car bodies, now let's go directly to the classification by type.
The body type partly determines the functional purpose of the car: whether it is for driving pleasure, or for transporting a large number of people, or for comfortable movement from point A to point B, etc. - the shape and content of the body will correspond to its purpose , even in the era of unification, universalization and all kinds of aspirations of marketers to satisfy as many potential customers as possible, who are very demanding in their preferences.
Sedan
Briefly: three-volume, four-door, five-seater
Let's start with one of the most common and popular, at least in our CIS, body type - a sedan. This is a three-volume body with four doors (very rarely - with two) and, often, with five full-fledged seats for average adults.
Considering that almost every car brand is almost a standard of devotion to its brand, the name of the body type within the company and for different countries may differ from, so to speak, standardized. Therefore, for example, in Germany, sedans are called Limousine, and in foggy Albion - nothing more than Saloon.
coupe
Briefly: three-volume, two-/four-door; two-, four-seater or with a layout of places "2 + 2" (two full-fledged and two children's).
Following the sedan, let's consider its more dynamic version - a coupe, the same three-volume, but with two doors. In general, in the old days, in order to be called a “coupe”, a car had to have only two front seats (with the exception of plus two more, but inferior seats in the back), two doors and a shortened wheelbase. But with the granting of broader powers to the same marketers, the name “coupe” began to be attributed to full-fledged “sedans” for a beautiful word, hallmark which became a pronounced sloping, littered rear pillar body. The brightest representatives of this type were Mercedes-Benz CLS, Audi A5 Sportback and VW CC.
Limousine
Briefly: three-volume, four-door, four-/eight-seater.
Since we started talking about three-volume vehicles, it is worth remembering the body type of a limousine (not to be confused with a limousine in Germany, where it is called Poolman-Limousine or simply Poolman). This, again, is a sedan, but often with an extended wheelbase, sometimes with three rows of seats and with a rigid partition separating the driver from passengers. In most cases, the partition has a lifting glass. I don’t want to ignore the now rare, but rather spectacular transformations of the sedan body.
Rare variations of the sedan body
For example, fastback(there is a domestic representative of this kind - GAZ M20 Pobeda) - the body is actually three-volume, but with such a sloping back, which in profile gives the impression of the absence of a trunk as such.
There are also hardtop sedan, once a popular type in the United States of America, is a sedan with no B-pillar and sometimes frameless doors. This type was once popular in the United States of America.
station wagon
Now let's move on to cars of a two-volume family, which is very widely represented on the automotive equipment market. And the first thing to mention is the station wagon body type. It's a five-seat, five-door, less common three-door car a wagon-type mobile with a nearly vertically mounted tailgate. The name of the body type speaks for itself. The versatility lies in the fact that, while enjoying the ride, you can carry a fairly large amount of luggage. Most station wagons have the function of increasing the volume of the luggage compartment due to the folding rear seats.
After its appearance, the station wagon underwent various metamorphoses: it either lengthened, then became higher, or even expanded in all directions.
SUV (Universal cross-country ability)
Briefly: two-volume, three-/five-door, five-/seven-seater.
By increasing the ground clearance, slightly stretching the body in height, in some cases installing all kinds of plastic protective pads, from the station wagon they got a body type with a straightforward name - “all-terrain wagon”. Cars with this type of body belong to the SUV class (Sport Utility Vehicles, in the common people - "SUV"). In terms of cross-country ability, in the literal sense of the word, the car has not gone far from its progenitor, but in terms of comfort it can give odds to many.
hatchback
Briefly: two-volume, three-/five-door, five-/seven-seater.
The hatchback is one of the most popular body types in Europe. This is a two-volume body, which is a shortened version of the station wagon. Literally, "hatchback" is translated as "behind the back." With the same comfort as in a station wagon, it will no longer be possible to carry 4-5 passengers and bulky cargo, but a couple of large bags will fit. However, hatchbacks, like their elongated counterpart, have the function of folding the rear seats. Therefore, if there is no need to simultaneously transport a team of builders with working equipment, then by folding the back of the second row of seats, you can get a cube, or even more, of additional space.
Minivan, microvan and compact van
Briefly: One-/two-volume, four-/five-door, four-/seven-seater
Remembering the metamorphoses of the station wagon body, we smoothly approached cars that embody practicality and nepotism. Among all types of bodies, the leader in the number options interior transformation - minivan. This is mainly a two-volume, very rarely one-volume, body with five, six or seven seats, with four doors (one rear sliding) or five doors (all doors hinged or two rear sliding). The beauty of any minivan is that the rear seats can be folded completely or separately, in some cases they can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the interior of the car to specific needs.
Having slightly reduced in size, cutting down the functionality of the cabin, but not to the detriment of the comfort of passengers, they received a microvan body type, otherwise it is still the same minivan.
Compact MPV inherited from relatives with common part"-van" only the height of the ceiling and approaching the vertical landing of the driver and passengers, while maintaining comfort at the proper level, but only for a maximum of five people. The luggage compartment, alas, suffered the most from the transformations.
Cabriolet
Briefly: three-volume, two-/four-door, four-/five-seater, with folding roof
A word about the most spectacular body types. A convertible is a typical four- or even two-door “sedan”, with a folding roof made of some kind of soft fabric material, with four full-fledged seats for passengers, including the driver (it’s hard to call individual versions five-seater). It also happens that the roof is metal, but still folding, in which case the body is called a “coupe-cabriolet”. Spectacular body type is named, just because of its openness. However, all the enthusiasm of the owner of a convertible can instantly disappear in the absence of an automated top folding function (yes, there are such in our era), because rain, slush, wet interior and refusing to fix on the frame windshield roof will leave a lasting impression.
Roadster
Briefly: three-volume, two-door, double, with folding or removable roof
The convertible's cousin is the roadster. The latter is uncompromising - only two doors and two seats. Why cousin? Because it is made on the basis of a coupe, which is the flesh of a sedan. A roadster can also have either a soft top or a hard top. One thing unites, like relatives, a roadster and a convertible - the volume of the luggage compartment, ruthlessly eaten drive mechanisms and the roof itself, if it is folded.
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Vehicle body type is a concept found in all descriptions of passenger vehicles. It is on him that a number of features of the operation of the car depend, as well as the utility of the car, its cargo capacity and a number of other parameters.
In this material, we will try to thoroughly understand what types of car bodies exist and how they differ from each other.
What is a car body type?
The type of car body is a definition that characterizes the ratio of the internal volume of the body to its cargo capacity and technical features luggage and bonnet compartments, as well as the layout of the passenger compartment.
Simply put, the type of body depends on the capacity inside, as well as the size and configuration of the luggage compartment.
Video review of various types of car bodies:
The presence of a large number of types is due to the fact that it is extremely difficult to constructively combine cargo capacity and design features in a car, which forces developers to create various variations designed to satisfy people with different requirements for a vehicle - from those who regularly transport a large number of goods to citizens who cargo capacity is practically not important, but design and driving performance auto.
Classification of passenger cars by body type
Today there is a large number of various types car bodies. At the same time, automakers do not stop there, trying to draw attention to their new products with loud statements about the “creation” of a new type of body.
Such experiments include the recently appeared category of "four-door coupe", "off-road coupe" and others.
However, in our review, we will try to consider traditional options, since all of the above versions are variations based on them. So…
Sedan
A sedan or, as it is also called, a car in a three-volume body, is the most well-known version in our country. According to statistics, in Russia given type bodies are the most popular, which is probably due to the long-term habit of our compatriots for such cars. It is related to the fact that most Soviet cars were just sedans and this size is well known to our consumer.
Conventionally, a sedan is a car in which the engine compartment, passenger compartment and trunk are separated from each other and have separate access. The well-known VAZ-2101 and a number of subsequent domestic cars had this layout.
Today, this type of body remains very popular, although it has undergone some refinement - luggage compartment sedans can no longer be called completely independent. On most models, it is separated from the passenger compartment by the back of the rear seat, which, if necessary, reclines to increase capacity.
Also for all modern models in the back there is a hatch in the area of the central armrest, which allows you to carry long loads in the luggage compartment (for example, skis or a snowboard).
Coupe
The classic coupe is a body type that appeared at the beginning of the 20th century. As a rule, he "took root" in the sports car segment and was a classic "three-volume" with a pair of oversized doors, which made it easier for passengers to get into the back seat. By the way, the latter was often absent, which was typical for sports cars.
However, there was also a special class of premium class coupes, which were created on the basis of executive sedans and were intended for wealthy citizens who wanted to drive their car on their own.
At the present time, the body of the "coupe" has undergone a major transformation, and the main one was the rejection of an independent "trunk".
There are quite a few such models left, and most modern "pseudo-sport" cars are, in fact, three-door hatchbacks with an underestimated roof contour in the rear.
Hatchback
The body type called "hatchback" is the most popular in Europe due to its utility with the overall compactness of the car itself.
In fact, it is a two-volume body, where part of the passenger compartment is “farmed out” to the trunk. At the same time, the design of the fifth door (this is what the tailgate is called "is made flat, which allows you to add dynamism to the silhouette of such a car.
The advantage of the hatchback is not so much capacity, but the wide possibilities for transforming the cargo compartment and the cabin, as well as the convenience of transporting long loads. At the same time, this arrangement allows you to reduce the size of the car while maintaining capacity, which is important advantage for city cars.
Liftback (LIFTBACK)
It is not uncommon for manufacturers to provide double opening - the trunk lid or the entire door can be opened, which brings the car even closer to sedans.
The advantage of the liftback is even greater than that of the hatchback, spaciousness while maintaining the traditional proportions of the sedan. Many companies use a similar layout for business class cars, for which the traditional form is important element prestige.
Wagon (WAGON)
The station wagon body type, already based on the name, speaks of maximum functionality. According to the principle of construction, it is similar to a hatchback, with the only difference being that the luggage compartment is much more spacious due to the vertical arrangement of the fifth door and maintaining a high roofline throughout the entire body.
Today, station wagons are more commonly associated with utility vehicles, but in the mid-twentieth century, shootingbrake configuration bodies became somewhat popular, which were a kind of coupe with a universal body, in fact, a three-door car that combined the dynamism of a classic coupe with the advantages of a universal layout.
Today, a similar type of body is trying to revive Mercedes company Benz in some models with the specified prefix in the title. However, from classic models such station wagons are distinguished by the presence of a five-door layout and, in fact, are still a traditional station wagon with a sporty silhouette.
Minivan
A minivan or, as it is sometimes called, a monocab, is a body type in which the engine compartment, passenger compartment and trunk are arranged in the same proportion. More precisely, the engine block is still moved to the front, but the length of the car's hood is small.
It should be noted that they are very popular with our compatriots who prefer active species recreation - travel, fishing and hunting.
Such a body is much higher than that of a station wagon, which allows you to use the wide possibilities of transforming the interior. In particular, such cars very often have a seven-seat layout, which is achieved without increasing overall dimensions, by organizing a vertical landing of riders.
In fact, this class of cars is a cross between a station wagon and a minibus, combining the convenience of both body types.
Pickup (PICK-UP)
The homeland of pickups is traditionally called the United States of America, where such cars are very popular.
In fact, a pickup truck is an SUV with a separate cargo compartment, a kind of mini-truck for transporting cargo that is not demanding on temperature changes.
In fact, this machine was the most popular in the farming environment due to its spaciousness, load capacity and the ability to easily clean the luggage compartment with the help of improvised means.
Today, pickup trucks have strayed somewhat from their functional image and are often offered as pickup trucks. active rest, enjoying success among the latter due not only to spaciousness, but also to “off-road” cross-country ability, as well as an “indestructible” spring suspension.
The comfort level of pickups has also reached new level and practically not inferior to that for SUVs.
SUV (OFF-ROAD VEHICLE)
The SUV, in fact, is a car with a universal body, which has an all-wheel drive transmission and frame structure. Allows you to overcome difficult road conditions and has great ground clearance.
IN last years SUV market divided into classic frame models and crossovers - universal passenger cars with increased ground clearance and load-bearing body.
Often these cars are basic version do not have all-wheel drive, do not have a serious arsenal of off-road capabilities, but are versatile and roomy.
In fact, today the traditional minivans, which, with the change of generations, actually turned into crossovers and received a similar layout.
Convertible (CABRIOLET), roadster (ROADSTER)
A convertible is a car with a removable fabric or metal top, often a two-door layout. Previously, four-door models were often encountered, however, due to the difficulties in organizing the rigidity of an open body, they did not receive distribution.
The most common version of the convertible is the roadster - a sporty open car, having a double cabin or a landing formula 2 + 2, that is rear seat is provided as an additional luggage compartment or as a child seat.
As a rule, in the case of roadsters, manufacturers endow such models with sporty handling and position them as an alternative to a sports coupe. Similar models are available in the range of almost all sports car manufacturers on the market.
Limousine (LIMOUSINE)
In fact, the "limousine" body type is not independent, but acts as a variation of the classic sedan (and often an SUV).
Limousines are often produced by third party tuning companies through the introduction of an insert in central part car, which increases the length of the cabin in the required range (from 30 cm to several meters).
The purpose of the refinement is to increase the capacity of the rear of the cabin to accommodate a rich interior, additional technical means and provide more living space.
As a rule, limousines are used to transport dignitaries, often equipped with additional armor.
The only automaker that produces limousines in a conveyor is the company mercedes benz with his Pullman model. In addition, it is not uncommon for firms that create executive class sedans to produce them in two versions of the wheelbase - standard and extended.
The market for creating rental limousines is also widespread. In terms of the internal layout, they differ significantly from the representative ones and, in fact, are spacious rides on wheels with a mini-bar, an audio system and comfortable sofas inside.
Van (FURGON)
The van at the end of the 20th century was a separate class of cars, in which there was a separation of the cabin (usually a double one) and a closed cargo compartment with a separate windowless door.
Such cars were offered as a convenient delivery city transport, and were very popular.
Today, manufacturers have moved away from this approach and, most often, offer as a van standard station wagon or a minivan with a removed rear row of seats, a large cargo area and missing windows (a good example of this approach is the corresponding modification of Lada Largus).
This arrangement made it possible to gain access to the cargo not only through the rear loading door, but also through the regular side doors of the car. The cargo compartment of the van is most often separated from the passenger compartment by a metal partition.
Any car produced in the world is a set of mechanisms and systems that perform a specific function and are fixed to the frame. This frame is called the bearing part.
At first, on cars, the role of the supporting part was performed by the frame, but over time, in the production of cars, the use of the frame was abandoned, preferring it. But the frames are still used on trucks.
If we take into account the cars that are produced at the moment, then there are a great many types of their bodies.
What are the body types
Each type of car body is designed for its own segment of buyers. This article will discuss what types of car body types are.
Body types
The types of car bodies differ from each other in their design, and each of them has its own name.
Cars are produced in coupe, sedan, hatchback, station wagon, limousine, pickup, crossover, van, minivan, SUV bodies. These types of bodies are used both on passenger cars, and on passenger, cargo-passenger, and trucks, as well as on off-road vehicles.
coupe
This type of body as a coupe is in most cases used by manufacturers who produce sports cars. It is a three-volume body, that is, the design provides for the allocation of a separate volume of the body for the engine, a separate volume for passengers and a volume for the luggage compartment.
All coupe-type bodies are equipped with two doors for passengers. Design feature coupe is that the body is designed for two, rarely four, people. Moreover, the space for passengers sitting in the back is very limited. A prominent representative of cars that use a coupe-type body is the Porsche 911 (pictured below).
One of the most popular car body styles is the sedan.
This body type, like the coupe, is three-volume. But it differs in that the sedan-type body is structurally longer and has two rows of seats and allows passengers to sit comfortably in both the front and rear seats.
In most cases, the sedan has four doors, but models with two doors were also produced. IN domestic production representatives of the four-door sedans are VAZ-2101, 2103, 2105, 2106, 2107, Volga, and the representative of the two-door sedan is Zaporozhets. IN model lines foreign manufacturers, such as volkswagen bmw Audi Toyota Ford and others, both two and four-door sedans are also available.
hatchback
Recently, along with sedans, hatchback-type bodies have become popular.
A design feature of hatchbacks is a two-volume body. The body structure does not provide a separate space for the luggage compartment. The role in the hatchback is played by a special niche in the passenger compartment, which is accessed through a rear-mounted door.
The design of the hatchback provides for the presence of two or four doors for passengers and an additional rear door for loading cargo. Representatives of three-door hatchbacks include VAZ-2108, Volkswagen Polo, Hyundai i30, etc. Five-door hatchbacks are VAZ-2109, Volkswagen Golf, Hyundai Getz and etc.
station wagon
For people who need a passenger car, but with the ability to transport goods, cars with a station wagon body are produced. Cars with such a body are two-volume, like hatchbacks, but the station wagon has a much longer body length.
station wagon
They are designed to carry both passengers and cargo, but after a slight transformation of the cabin, in which the seats for passengers are folded, thereby increasing the volume for cargo. Mainly produced five-door station wagons (VAZ-2104, Opel Astra, Volkswagen Passat) but there are also three-door ones (Opel Record, Ford Sierra).
Limousine
Nowadays, cars are also produced, the body of which is similar to a sedan, but this type of body is called a limousine. Like the sedan, the body structure of the limousine is three-volume. But this body is designed for comfortable accommodation of passengers in the rear seats, for which the length of the body is significantly increased compared to sedans.
It is also possible for limousines to separate the passengers in front from those who are behind with the help of a special partition. Cars with a limousine body include the Seagull, Imperial Crown, Lincoln Town Car.
Pickup
Cars with a pickup body type are also used for the transportation of goods. Pickups are notable for the fact that the body has a cabin for accommodating passengers and open platform for cargo, and structurally this platform is connected to the cabin.
Pickup cabs can be equipped with two doors and one or two rows of seats for passengers, or four doors. Pickups include VAZ-VIS, Dacia Logan Pickup, Mitsubishi L200 (photo below).
crossover
Recently, cars have become popular, in the design of which such a body type as a crossover is used.
In fact, this body is a symbiosis of station wagon and SUV bodies, which will be discussed below. Just like the wagon, crossovers use a two-volume layout using three or five doors. From the SUV, crossovers got increased ground clearance and.
SUV
But unlike full-fledged SUVs, crossovers do not have high cross-country ability, for which the people received the nickname "SUV". Crossovers are Toyota RAV 4, land Rover Freelander, .
Van
Another vehicle designed for the transport of goods is a van.
The van-type body is a one-volume, one-and-a-half-volume or two-volume all-metal structure in which the cabin for passengers is combined with cargo compartment, the only thing is that they can be separated by a partition. The vans are Lada Largus, Volkswagen Caddy, Fiat Doblo(photo below).
Minivan
Very similar in appearance to vans are cars with a minivan body type, since they use the same platform in their production. Cars with such bodies differ in that they are designed to carry passengers, for which the car interior is equipped with several rows of seats.
The features of the minivan is the use of a single-volume and one-and-a-half-volume design. Minivans are VAZ "Hope", Volkswagen Sharan Opel Zafira.
SUV
Also, automakers produce off-road vehicles - SUVs.
There are many passenger cars in the world, they differ from each other maximum speed, weight, internal stuffing and many other parameters. But the first thing that every motorist pays attention to during the purchase is the body.
There are so many types of passenger car bodies that it’s simply impossible to remember everything. Moreover, most of them have long since sunk into the past. In fact, only 7-12 types are currently used in the automotive industry.
Seven types of the most popular car bodies
The body acts as the supporting part of the machine. Therefore, his choice directly affects not only aerodynamic characteristics, but also such operational qualities as reliability and conditions for using a car. In addition, each type of car body is designed for its own segment of customers.
coupe
The hatchback is a stripped down version of the sedan. The lack of a separate rear trunk directly affected the maneuverability of the passenger car. This type of body provides good handling even on the most difficult parts of the road.
The hatchback body consists of only two sections. But this in no way affects the convenience of the luggage compartment. This is not even a trunk, but a niche in which it is convenient to put a variety of utensils and things. good example type of this passenger car is Chevrolet Cruze.
A hatchback may only have three or five doors. The niche for the trunk is also closed by default with a door. An interesting fact is that in the beginning, the hatchback came as an addition to the sedan. But soon the high popularity of this type of passenger car body forced manufacturers to reconsider their marketing approach.
station wagon
Station wagon - this is the type of car body that is chosen for the whole family, and now you will understand why. Cars are two-volume, but unlike hatchbacks, they have much more inner space. If necessary, the rear seats can be removed by expanding the niche space.
Advice! In the expanded niche, you can easily put bicycles or some bulky cargo.
The designers managed to achieve an increase in the internal space by lengthening the machine. Typically, this type of car body has five doors, but there are models with two doors, however, there are very few of them, and for the most part they are considered rare. Among popular models:
- opel record,
- volkswagen Passat,
- Opel Astra,
- Ford Sierra.
Limousine
Limousine - this type of car body represents the so-called Luxuary class. Simply put, these are expensive cars with all the amenities, including a minibar and spacious salon with side sofas.
The closest design of a limousine to a sedan. With one exception, the limousine is much longer. The body includes three sectors:
- luggage compartment,
- salon,
- underhood space.
In truly luxury limousines driver's seat separated from the passenger compartment. This was done in order not to interfere with passengers to have fun or conduct important negotiations. The most popular limousines include:
- Imperial Crown,
- "Seagull",
- Lincoln Town Car.
Pickup
A pickup truck is a body type of a passenger car. But its texture and design allows you to carry large loads and drive off-road. The main feature of any pickup truck is that it has one compartment for passengers, which can have either two or four seats and open body, the latter, if necessary, is covered with a tarpaulin.
Pickup powerful machine, which can overcome difficult rural roads and help farmers in their work. At least that's how it was originally intended. In Russia, this body type has found a completely different application.
Pickup trucks are ideal for country trips. They are not afraid Russian off-road. In addition, this machine can always be loaded with potatoes, apples and seedlings. At the same time, passengers will feel very comfortable, as the cargo will be separated from them by a partition.
This type of car body is equipped with both one set of doors and two. The most popular models in Russia include:
- Dacia Logan Pickup,
- Mitsubishi L200.
Russian motorists prefer inexpensive and economical pickups.
crossover
Crossover - this type of car body has gained popularity in recent years. The thing is that this is an ideal option for the city, and at the same time a car that will drive off-road without much difficulty.
Important! Of course, the crossover is inferior to an SUV in terms of cross-country ability, but its capabilities are quite enough for a resident of the metropolis.
The design of this car is a symbiosis of station wagon and SUV. High ground clearance and a spacious interior are the main advantages of the car. The car allows the driver to feel on top even in the most dense stream.
The layout of the crossover is two-section. The design uses from three to five doors. There is no separate trunk, instead of it there is a rather roomy niche. If necessary, the rear seats, like the station wagon, are removed, expanding luggage compartment.
In Russia, the following crossover models have gained the greatest popularity:
- Land Rover freelander,
- toyota rav4,
- Nissan Juke.
In the people, modern crossovers are called "SUVs".
SUV
The SUV is the ancestor of all crossovers. It has much more ground clearance. Moreover, in most cases, the car has all-wheel drive and many modes for driving over rough terrain.
The body type of the car is closest to the station wagon. If desired, you can easily remove the seats and expand the interior. Popular models in Russia include:
- Jeep Wrangler,
- UAZ "Patriot"
- Ford Maverick.
The cost of such machines is very high, but their performance characteristics quite justify the high price.
Results
car series contains many cars, different types bodies. The most requested ones are listed above. Very close to them in terms of demand are:
- minivans,
- vans,
- fastbacks,
- phaetons,
- hardtops.
They were not described because the differences in designs with the bodies presented above are minimal. The auto industry is constantly improving the design of passenger cars, so hybrid cases on the market are not uncommon.
