- this is an automatic transmission, you can find out the features and principle of operation of CVT in our instructions, if you need reviews - click. If you are also interested in other gearboxes:, or, you can familiarize yourself with the nuances of proper operation at these links. I also want to clarify that the operation of CVTs of different brands, for example: Nissan or Toyota, is no different.
What not to do on the variator
- It is categorically not desirable to start from a traffic light pedal to the floor
- Long driving at maximum speeds (revs start to float)
- If you get stuck, just ask someone to push the car.
- Driving with a full load with a trailer
- Slippage in any manifestation reduces
Is it possible to turn on the neutral on the variator when coasting
CVT, like standard automatics, is set to drive in position D. You got behind the wheel, moved the selector to Drive and drove off, no need to click on neutral.
How to control the variator in a traffic jam
You don’t need to turn on the N position at every stop. If you know that you will be standing for a long time, just move the selector to the P position.
To warm up the box or not
The variator, like any node with rubbing parts, requires warming up. You need to warm up the box. It is also recommended to drive at low engine speeds for the first few kilometers for optimal warming up of the engine and gearbox.
Emergency mode and CVT
If your light comes on, the first thing to do is stop and try to start the car again. If the lamp does not go out, an urgent diagnosis of the box is needed. You don't need to mess with it.
Proper Maintenance
Monitor the level and condition of the fluid in the variator is a mandatory procedure. According to the regulations, the fluid in the box should be replaced every 60 thousand km.
Control the cleanliness of the box cooling radiator, it is located behind the bumper. Blow or rinse regularly. Overheating has not yet gone to anyone's benefit. I hope you learned something new from our guide. The main malfunctions of the variator are available for viewing
Five years ago, few domestic motorists knew what it was and how it differed from traditional "mechanics" and "automatic machines". But today, almost every car manufacturer has added vehicles with this gearbox to its lineup. But not every motorist knows how to drive a CVT, the intricacies of its operation, and what advantages and disadvantages it has.
[ Hide ]
How to use the variator?
Variable speed transmission (CVT) is a unit designed to transmit a signal from the engine to the drive wheels. This type of gearbox allows you to more smoothly move from one gear to another, changing the speed of rotation of the driven and drive shafts. And although the design of this device was developed more than sixty years ago, only recently it has been actively introduced into the production of machines.
Those who have already managed to use a car with such a gearbox notice right away that the car accelerates very smoothly and without failures, since the driver does not need to change gears. It has long been known and proven by many tests: if two cars with the same engines but different gearboxes compete, the one equipped with a CVT will be ahead.
Some drivers may be confused by the noise of the engine in all modes of operation. On vehicles equipped with a CVT, it will not be possible to achieve the sound of a sports car during acceleration. Because the electronics of the machine optimizes the operation of the motor, thereby allowing it to function optimally.
All these factors make it possible to emphasize the advantages that a car with a CVT has over a conventional "automatic" or "mechanics". In particular, these are:
- operational set of speed;
- gasoline savings compared to other transmission units;
- motor load optimization;
- reduced interval for the need for maintenance and repair;
- CVT is a cleaner unit from an environmental point of view.
"Please tell me! I bought a Honda with a CVT gearbox. I decided to look on the Internet and read about this type of checkpoint and it turned out that everything is not as smooth as it could be! From the reviews of other motorists, I realized that this unit is very complex in design and not every car service will take up the repair of the gearbox. How to properly operate a Honda with a CVT? What do you need to pay attention to? ”, Nikolay writes to Internet users.
And there are a lot of similar questions on the web. So, how to properly use a car equipped with a CVT? What is the optimal driving style for this unit, what are the features of its operation? You will find answers to these questions below. When using a car equipped with CVT, you need to follow a few rules and nuances.
Transmission oil
It is always necessary to clearly monitor the level and condition of the consumables poured into the unit. CVTs, unlike automatic transmissions and even more so mechanical ones, are more sensitive to the quality of consumables. Here it is better not to fill in liquid from an unverified manufacturer and, moreover, bought somewhere on the side of the road.
Gear oil must fully comply with the specifications required by the gearbox of a particular car. To determine what kind of consumable material your car needs, you should familiarize yourself with the operating manual. As a rule, such important points are described in the instructions. The manual should contain the specification and basic requirements for transmission consumables. In case of violation of these requirements, be prepared to pay the amount for the repair of the unit.
If you didn't find the answer to your question in the owner's manual, then it might make sense to contact the dealer. It will help you decide which oil is best to buy and where to fill it. Please note - the filling of the liquid should also be carried out by the masters who have already encountered this. Therefore, also check with the dealer where there are appropriate service stations in your city. Perhaps, representatives of the company will advise you to contact their service center.
Do not forget to also check the level of consumables in the gearbox: it should always be correct. If there is not enough fluid in the CVT, the parts and components of the unit will not be able to lubricate properly. This, in turn, can cause the failure of some components of the gearbox, which can also hit the pocket of the motorist.
Sudden loads
In vehicles equipped with a CVT, sudden loads often cause subsequent breakdowns and malfunctions. Due to its construction, this problem can be considered a “disease”. For reasons unknown to us, CVT developers are in no hurry to solve this problem, so it remains urgent for owners of cars with a CVT.
Especially the driver of such a car should refrain from a sharp start in the winter until the car has warmed up to normal operating temperature. Due to the fact that the transmission oil in the unit is cold, it cannot immediately enter all channels of the system, that is, some components work for some time without lubrication. Therefore, a sharp start can cause a fatal CVT.
Of course, it all depends on the driving style, but in the case of CVT, abrupt starts and slippage should be abandoned.
Off-road driving
CVTs are not designed for frequent rural or off-road use. Despite the fact that Mitsubishi crossovers, for example, the Outlander model, are equipped with this unit, these cars can hardly be called SUVs. Therefore, the driver is advised to limit frequent trips to the countryside.
The same goes for towing. Vehicles equipped with CVT should absolutely not skid. This is detrimental to the unit. If you stalled somewhere in the mud and try to drive the car by switching the gear selector from the "D" to "R" position, this will provoke increased wear of the splines. In turn, the service life of the gears is significantly reduced. Of course, if they break down, you will have to disassemble the unit and repair it, and this pleasure is not cheap. That is, if your car has a breakdown and you cannot start to get to the service station, the only way out for you is to call a tow truck.
In addition, towing other vehicles can also be detrimental to a CVT car. The maximum that is allowed for towing is a small-sized loaded trailer, the carrying capacity of which should not exceed 700-1000 kg. Since the transport has a much greater weight, they should be refrained from towing.
Sensor operation
Sensors are a separate topic for conversation. To ensure a normal ride, their work must be monitored in the same way as the level of gasoline in a gas tank. The operation of the unit as a whole depends on the performance of the control devices. The speed control sensor can cause a CVT breakdown.
If this component fails, then the control unit () of the transport immediately throws the gearbox belt into the middle emergency position, resulting in emergency engine braking. Then the belt may be deformed, but in some cases it may even break completely, but only if the car is driving at high speed. If the driving speed is not so high, then the unit itself may not suffer.
Therefore, if you are buying a used car, then first of all, replace the speed sensor, preferably by purchasing an original component from the manufacturer. The same applies to transmission fluid level sensors, oil pressure sensor, etc. All sensors must be in good working order.
CVT transmission in section - the photo shows a working belt of the unit Repair
When purchasing a car with CVT, make sure that you always have the phone number of a competent specialist. To date, not all service stations undertake the repair of these units, since they are quite complex in design and require a competent approach.
In addition, the cost of the services of such specialists is much higher, and a lot depends on the repair. Only one mistake made by the master can cause a more serious breakdown. Therefore, the issue of repair should also be approached responsibly.
As for official dealers, as practice shows, they only repair CVT when the car is under warranty. If the warranty period has expired, then the representatives of the company will most likely offer you to completely replace the unit, and this, as you understand, is not at all cheap.
Causes of breakdowns
| signs | Breakdowns |
| Driving the car in neutral: unable to shift into any gear. |
|
| During the shift of the box selector from position "N" to "D", the driver may hear impacts. Also, while driving, the car may jerk. |
|
| While driving, the driver feels that the dynamics of the car has significantly decreased. Also, the vehicle may simply not move when you press the gas pedal. | there was a breakdown of the forward clutch; the torque converter failed; malfunctions in the operation of the CVT transmission were fixed; the electro-hydraulic module failed; there was a breakdown in the operation of the control unit. |
| Unable to shift gears while driving in manual mode. | In this case, it may happen:
|
As you understand, the CVT gearbox is a rather complex unit in its design, which has its own disadvantages and advantages.
A lot depends on the correct operation of the car, driving it and driving style. Due to its characteristics, any driver will like to drive a car with such a unit, but not everyone will be able to immediately understand all the nuances on which the performance of the gearbox directly depends.
When purchasing a car with such a unit, think about it - can you drive it correctly and take into account all the features of the unit? If not, then it is better not to mess with the CVT, because even the wrong way of driving can cause the unit to fail.
Video from AlexKolmak "CVT"
How to ride a variator correctly: features of operation and driving! Increasingly popular CVT boxes on cars have one of the most important features - a stepless change of torque, that is, the driver does not need to shift gears on his own, as is done on a car with a manual transmission, or feel small jerks when changing gears that cars with automatic transmission have. .As for the control of the variator itself, it practically does not differ from the control of the automatic gearbox, but the feature of the stepless change of torque makes its own adjustments to the control. There are certain nuances that should be taken into account when driving a car with a CVT gearbox. The general instructions for controlling the CVT are quite simple: to start moving, you just need to move the gearbox selector, which replaced the manual transmission lever, and by pressing the gas pedal, start moving. While driving, if the manual control mode is not selected, no further actions with the selector need to be performed. Variator modes Certain modes of operation of the variator are selected by moving the selector to positions, each of which is indicated by letters and icons. Moving forward "D" - moving forward. Moving the selector to a position with this designation indicates that the car will move forward. It is this mode that is the main one when driving. In this case, the variator will change the gear ratio itself, focusing on the engine speed, and the electronic systems will monitor both the operation of the variator and the engine to ensure maximum efficiency of their work. Reverse "R" - reverse. The design of the variator is such that it does not have a reverse movement of the driven shaft, which transmits rotation to the drive wheels. Therefore, additional mechanisms were included in the design. When the selector is moved to this position, the reverse gears are activated. To avoid breakdowns, the selector can only be moved to this position after the car has completely stopped. In some models, to move the selector to the "R" position, you need to press the key installed on the selector, while pressing it will be possible only after a complete stop. This ensures the exclusion of the possibility of turning on the reverse gear without immobilizing the car, which is an additional protection for the variator. Neutal "N" - neutral. With this selector position, the power plant is disconnected from the gearbox. This position is used during a long stop, for example, in a traffic jam. Also, this mode is used to start the power plant. In general, this is the usual neutral gear, which is available in all types of gearboxes. However, it is not recommended to move the selector to this position every time you stop, especially a short one. Parking "P" - parking. This position of the selector leads to the fact that the driven shaft of the variator is blocked by a pin, excluding the possibility of spontaneous movement of the car. This mode should be used only when the car is parked. Often, in order to exclude the possibility of accidentally switching on this position, in addition to pressing the button on the selector, you also need to depress the brake pedal and tighten the handbrake, after which only the selector will be in this position. Removing the selector from this position is also accompanied by these actions performed in reverse order. Manual control "+", "-" - upshift and downshift. Since there are no gears as such in the variator, a manual shift mode is used for the convenience of drivers. But this mode is only an emulator - the variator can change the gear ratio to certain values, which imitates a stepped gearbox. That is, there seems to be a step change in torque, and it can be changed by briefly moving the selector to “+” or “-”, thereby creating the illusion of gear shifting, but it is only conditional. In addition, it will not be possible to fully achieve compliance with the operation of the variator as a stepped gearbox - the electronic systems will still monitor the engine speed and, if necessary, independently change the gear ratio. This is done in order to protect the variator itself from overloads. Additional modes Many models equipped with a variator have additional gearbox operating modes that adjust it to certain driving conditions. “S” is sport mode. It provides a more frisky behavior of the car when you press the pedal. This mode is designed for intensive driving. But it all comes down to the fact that the CVT changes the gear ratio more slowly, which provides more traction as the engine speed increases. "E" - economy, aka "Eco". This mode is the complete opposite of the "sport" mode. The variator is adjusted so that the maximum interaction of the engine with the box for minimum fuel consumption is ensured. "L" - a mode of difficult operating conditions. When the selector is moved to this position, the variator provides the maximum gear ratio, that is, traction on the drive wheels. Designed for off-road driving, towing a trailer, etc. Nuances of using a CVT Now about the nuances of driving a car equipped with a CVT. The first and one of the main conditions is not to start driving a car immediately after starting the engine, especially in winter. will cause the variator elements to operate without lubrication. As a result, this contributes to their intensive wear. Therefore, after starting, allow time for pressurized oil to reach all lubricated surfaces. The same applies to switching the position to "N" during short stops. When switching to this mode, the oil pressure in the variator decreases, and after a quick transfer to the “D” mode and the start of movement, the oil will not have time to flow to the rubbing surfaces in the right amount. Therefore, it is better not to touch the selector when stopping at a traffic light and leave it in the “D” position, since the variator is designed to work in this mode even when stopped. That is, at first the driver increases the speed with the accelerator, to which this gearbox reacts. Depending on the selected mode, the variator will react accordingly, but it will take some time for this reaction. When overtaking, this factor must first be taken into account - add crankshaft speed, and then start to maneuver. you need to press the pedal at the moment the steering wheel starts to turn, then the gearbox will react correctly and there will be no unforeseen consequences. It is only allowed to transport trailers with a gross weight of up to 1 ton. You should not often use a car with a CVT on rough terrain. That is, many crossovers and SUVs with a CVT, although they are cars with increased cross-country ability, you shouldn’t really count on their cross-country ability - they are more city cars than “off-road conquerors”. Towing There are also nuances regarding towing a car with CVTs. It is allowed to tow such a car on a rigid or flexible hitch only with the power unit running and the selector in the neutral position. If there are no such conditions, then towing is carried out only by partially loading the car (the drive wheels must be hung out) or by a tow truck.
Also, among the advantages, it is worth highlighting the fuel efficiency of CVT compared to automatic transmission, better distribution of the load on and on the transmission, which allows not to overload the power unit and increase its service life.
It would seem that, taking into account all the advantages, the variator can be considered a more comfortable replacement for the classic machine, but this is not so. The fact is that many drivers note a noticeably smaller, low maintainability of variators, high maintenance costs and a number of restrictions during operation. Let's figure it out.
- At first glance, the operation of the variator does not differ from the automatic transmission. The available modes are the same, P - park, D - forward, N - neutral, R - reverse, etc.
A manual transmission control function can also be implemented, which simulates downshifting and upshifting by the driver himself (similar to Tiptronic on automatic transmissions). Additionally, there may be a sport mode, economy mode, etc.
At the same time, it is important to understand that among all types of automatic transmission, the variator “digests” the worst and is the least prepared for high loads. In simple words, it is extremely undesirable to start abruptly on a variator.
At such a checkpoint, you need to accelerate smoothly, gradually raising the engine speed. Otherwise, breakdowns will not be long in coming. In practice, there are not isolated cases when fans of traffic light races on new cars broke down already by 50-60 thousand km. run.
- Also, the variator must be warmed up in the cold without fail. CVTs are extremely sensitive to lubrication, while the transmission oil is distributed worse over the box when the temperature drops.
Moreover, warming up the CVT variator on the spot (turning on the P-R-N-D modes with a delay of a few seconds) for this type of transmission will not work, since the variator is structurally different from a hydromechanical machine.
In the case of CVT, it is necessary to warm up the internal combustion engine and turn on the N mode for a few seconds, which will allow the fluid coupling to warm up. Next, you need to start moving, reducing the load on the box to a minimum for the first 3-5 km.
If the temperature drops to -30 and below, it is better to refuse to travel by car with a CVT. If you need to drive, then the car will need to be warmed up for a long time at idle, then driving is allowed exclusively in a gentle mode.
- Also, the variator is “afraid” of slippage and increased loads. This means that any crossover with a CVT can in no way be considered an SUV specially prepared for off-road conditions and designed for operation in difficult conditions.
You also need to remember that passenger cars and SUVs with CVT are poorly adapted to towing trailers, are not designed to carry heavy loads, etc. For this reason, owners of a continuously variable transmission need to avoid unnecessary stress on the gearbox.
In simple terms, using a car with a CVT to tow another car is strongly discouraged. As for the trailer, it is important that the weight does not exceed the allowable values. There may also be speed and distance restrictions when using a trailer.
If a car with a CVT is stuck in mud or snow, it is better to give up trying to drive out on your own. Switching the selector between modes while “rocking” the car will lead to rapid wear of splined joints, the resource of gearbox parts is noticeably reduced.
- By the way, if there is a need to tow a faulty car with a CVT, it is best to use the services of a tow truck. If this is not possible, then you need to follow the rules specified in the manual regarding towing the variator.
Automatic transmission has recently become widespread not only in the United States, but throughout the world. At the same time, the absence of a clutch pedal does not mean that all machines are the same. Automatic transmissions on cars can be divided into three large groups:
It is noteworthy that not every owner is able to distinguish a CVT from an automatic transmission or even a manual transmission. However, during operation, it is necessary to separately consider which type of machine is on the machine.
In other words, you need to know how to maintain and how to drive correctly on a CVT, automatic or robot so that the box works for a long time and without fail. In this article, we will talk separately about variators.
CVT box: how to ride
So, the CVT variator is a continuously variable automatic transmission, which greatly distinguishes this type of gearbox from analogues due to its unique design. Gear shifting on a car with a CVT occurs smoothly, without jerks, delays, slips, etc.
A car with such a gearbox accelerates easily, acceleration occurs without the slightest jerks, which can be felt to one degree or another on other types of automatic machines, including even the latest preselective manual transmissions with two clutches.
Also, among the advantages, it is worth highlighting the fuel efficiency of CVT compared to automatic transmission, better load distribution on the internal combustion engine and on the transmission, which allows not to overload the power unit and increase its service life.
It would seem that, taking into account all the advantages, the variator can be considered a more comfortable replacement for the classic machine, but this is not so. The fact is that many drivers note a noticeably shorter CVT resource compared to automatic transmissions, low maintainability of CVTs, high maintenance costs and a number of restrictions during operation. Let's figure it out.
- At first glance, the operation of the variator does not differ from the automatic transmission. The available modes are the same, P - park, D - forward, N - neutral, R - reverse, etc.
A manual transmission control function can also be implemented, which simulates downshifting and upshifting by the driver himself (similar to Tiptronic on automatic transmissions). Additionally, there may be a sport mode, economy mode, etc.
At the same time, it is important to understand that, among all types of automatic transmission, the variator “digests” the torque the worst and is the least prepared for high loads. In simple words, it is extremely undesirable to start abruptly on a variator.
At such a checkpoint, you need to accelerate smoothly, gradually raising the engine speed. Otherwise, breakdowns will not be long in coming. In practice, there are not isolated cases when fans of traffic light races on new cars broke down already by 50-60 thousand km. run.
- Also, the variator must be warmed up in the cold without fail. CVTs are extremely sensitive to lubrication, while the transmission oil is distributed worse over the box when the temperature drops.
Moreover, warming up the CVT variator on the spot, by analogy with an automatic transmission (turning on the P-R-N-D modes with a delay of a few seconds), is not suitable for this type of transmission, since the variator is structurally different from a hydromechanical machine.
In the case of CVT, it is necessary to warm up the internal combustion engine and turn on the N mode for a few seconds, which will allow the fluid coupling to warm up. Next, you need to start moving, reducing the load on the box to a minimum for the first 3-5 km.
If the temperature drops to -30 and below, it is better to refuse to travel by car with a CVT. If you need to drive, then the car will need to be warmed up for a long time at idle, then driving is allowed exclusively in a gentle mode.
- Also, the variator is “afraid” of slippage and increased loads. This means that any crossover with a CVT can in no way be considered an SUV specially prepared for off-road conditions and designed for operation in difficult conditions.
You also need to remember that passenger cars and SUVs with CVT are poorly adapted to towing trailers, are not designed to carry heavy loads, etc. For this reason, owners of a continuously variable transmission need to avoid unnecessary stress on the gearbox.
In simple terms, using a car with a CVT to tow another car is strongly discouraged. As for the trailer, it is important that the weight does not exceed the allowable values. There may also be speed and distance restrictions when using a trailer.
If a car with a CVT is stuck in mud or snow, it is better to give up trying to drive out on your own. Switching the selector between modes while “rocking” the car will lead to rapid wear of splined joints, the resource of gearbox parts is noticeably reduced.
- By the way, if there is a need to tow a faulty car with a CVT, it is best to use the services of a tow truck. If this is not possible, then you need to follow the rules specified in the manual regarding towing the variator.
In some cases, a car with a CVT, as well as with an automatic transmission, is towed for short distances with the engine running. If the internal combustion engine does not start, then you should stop trying to tow the car without hanging the drive wheels.
CVT maintenance
If we talk about maintenance, the oil in the variator should be constantly checked, its level and condition. At the same time, for a continuously variable transmission, the issue of oil is extremely important, the transmission fluid changes more often than in automatic transmissions, you only need to fill in products recommended in terms of properties and tolerances.
CVT oil is special, as it must provide lubrication of the interacting surfaces, while preventing slippage. According to the manual, it is often necessary to change the oil in the variator box once every 60 thousand km, but in practice it is desirable to carry out this procedure every 30-35 thousand km, and replacement every 30 thousand is considered optimal.
If we talk about possible failures and diagnostics, you need to monitor the behavior of the box. The fact is that the failure of individual ECM sensors can lead to the fact that the variator sensitive to loads fails, and quite quickly.
For example, the failure of the speed sensor leads to the fact that the ECU switches the box into emergency mode. Riding in this mode can cause damage to the drive belt, problems with the drive cones, etc.
It becomes clear that any deviations from the norm and malfunctions of the variator are the reason for the immediate termination of the operation of the car and the delivery of the car to the service station for CVT diagnostics.
Summing up
As you can see, the variator box is able to provide maximum driving comfort, and is also more economical in terms of fuel consumption compared to classic automatic transmissions. However, it should be borne in mind that this type of transmission is not designed for high loads and difficult conditions. In parallel, overheating of the transmission is not allowed.
In simple words, the CVT box is more suitable for operation within the city on good roads, and for such drivers who are closer to a calm and measured driving style, without sudden starts, slippage, constant overtaking, etc.
Also, the variator box needs to be serviced more often, constantly checking the level and condition of the transmission oil, warming up the gearbox at the beginning of the movement, avoiding increased loads. Under the specified conditions, the variator resource may turn out to be similar to that determined by the gearbox manufacturer himself, that is, the CVT gearbox will work without breakdowns for the entire declared service life.
Source: http://KrutiMotor.ru/kak-ezdit-na-variatore/
How to ride a variator
Russian drivers got acquainted with the rules of driving cars with CVTs relatively recently. Many people managed to get used to the absence of the third pedal in the car (usual automatic transmission). But those who put an equal sign between an automatic transmission and a continuously variable transmission are mistaken. The nuances of the operation of the variator require the most careful consideration. How to ride a variator?
Variable speed driving rules
CVT is a Latin abbreviation that means the type of box we are interested in. Functionally, it does not differ from other types of gearboxes, but it radically differs in the principle of operation.
The gear shift goes smoothly, without jerks, thanks to the correction of the diametral plane of the disks (slave / master). The car accelerates "without jerking". Sitting behind the wheel is not distracted by gear shifting.
The operation of automation reduces acceleration time, saves fuel, selects the optimal mode of engine operation.
Regardless of the degree of engine load, the noise level of the power plant is indistinguishable. The rolling sound of a sports car on such cars will never be heard, even if the accelerator is “drowned” to failure. "Smart" electronics compensate for a sharp change in the parameters of the operating unit, removing excess load.
More about the benefits
A vehicle equipped with CVT has a number of positive aspects that distinguish it from cars with "mechanics" and automatic transmission. The benefits clearly include:
- gaining speed well;
- more economical fuel consumption;
- critical loads on the engine are optimized;
- the period of scheduled maintenance and repair work is increased;
- increased class of environmental safety.
Matter of oil
Monitoring the level and quality of oil in the gearbox is the responsibility of the car owner. In the case of a continuously variable transmission, you need to be especially careful about this. Absolutely all CVTs "painfully" react to an inattentive attitude to the specifications and the working volume of the filled oil. It will need to be changed frequently.
CVT oil is a separate category. A feature of the material is the antagonism of the function (providing lubrication of rubbing surfaces while preventing their slippage). The exoticism of gear oil is not reflected in its cost; it will not ruin motorists.
Changing fluid in a box with characteristics that are not identical to specifications is a big risk. The technical documentation of the car contains accurate information about the type and parameters of the gearbox oil.
Ignoring this aspect with a high degree of probability will lead to unplanned expenses, their size can greatly upset the owner of the car.
If it was not possible to independently clarify the information about the consumable, you should contact the dealer or the official technical center for clarification, where cars of the desired brand are serviced.
It is recommended to completely replace the fluid on the variator at marks that are multiples of 60 thousand kilometers, depending on the manufacturer, these data may differ up or down. Russian realities significantly correct this indicator downward (about 30 thousand km).
Operation of the variator (quick instruction)
Latin letters, instead of numbers on the manual transmission shift knob, mean the following:
- "P" - parking mode. Parking for a long time, the control system is blocked. When igniting, make sure that the lever is set to the same mark;
- "D" - the car is in motion. The car drives forward with a characteristic smooth change of steps;
- "N" - analogue of "neutral". In the stepless version, the gearbox is used when parking with an inclination.
The algorithm of the driver’s actions is as follows: depress the brake pedal to a complete stop → set the box handle opposite “N” → lock the car on the handbrake → sharply release and press the brake again → switch to the “P” parking mode.
The unusual order of manipulations is due to the specifics of the interaction of mechanical units during a stop: the shaft in the CVT is blocked by a rod of small thickness, which is easy to deform (finally ruin) during careless parking “at speed”.
- "L" - over-revving and engine braking effect. Recommended when driving off-road, downhill, towing a trailer (similar to 1st stage on the "mechanics").
Many automakers add two more items:
- "S" - sports. The engine is brought to full power;
- "E" - economical. Fuel consumption is minimized.
Do not load hard
For machines with CVTs, sharply increasing loads are contraindicated. They become the culprits of extraordinary visits to the service station and subsequent repairs. This is a drawback of CVT-boxes, the designers have not yet decided.
Warming up the variator is required at low temperatures. Cold oil in the transmission is poorly distributed inside the system, some elements and parts remain without lubrication.
It is not recommended to warm up like an automatic transmission by switching the “P-R-N-D” modes and vice versa, as this does not improve warm-up. Remember the variator is designed completely differently than other gearboxes.
Alternatively, you can turn on neutral - “N” for a few seconds, this will warm up the fluid coupling (clutch) a little.
You need to move off after making sure that the car has warmed up to the required limit. After the start of the movement, adhere to a calm driving style for at least a kilometer, this will completely warm up all the elements of the box. The cost of excess fuel will save the cost of installing a new gearbox.
The lower the ambient temperature, the longer it takes to warm up the box. At a temperature of -35 °C, it is better not to operate a car with CVT. If you still decide on a trip in severe frost, then it is recommended to warm up for at least 30 minutes and adhere to a very gentle driving mode all the way.
In Europe (Finland), they found an alternative to idling the engine for warming up. Cars are equipped with an electrical system to maintain the operating temperature. The machine is powered from the mains through a conventional plug. Cars with such equipment are easily recognizable by the characteristic cutouts on the bumper.
Off-road does not steer
It is not advisable to drive cars with a CVT off-road. Let the world-famous crossover manufacturers not mislead motorists. SUVs with CVT are automatically credited to SUVs.
CVT owners are better off sticking to towns and paved highways.
You can damage the stepless gearbox by running into a ledge, a bump, if the wheels get into pits and potholes and other roughnesses of the roadway. Such adventures are not safe for manual transmission, and in the case of a CVT machine, the consequences can be fatal.
No towing
It is not worth skidding, as well as towing, on a CVT. These actions are not safe for the unit. There is an option to take the car in tow - with the engine running (grease will protect the parts from excessive friction), you should read the instruction manual.
And even despite this, there are cases of breakdowns, especially a used gearbox, so we do not recommend towing it, because a tow truck is much cheaper than repairs.
An engine malfunction leads to inevitable communication with the evacuation service, there is another but very time-consuming option, disconnecting the axle shafts from the drive wheels.
Accordingly, it is categorically not recommended to use the car as a pulling means of another car. The maximum allowable condition is the transportation of a trailer with a weight not exceeding the allowable one. The exact information about the carrying capacity and the distance that a trailer can be towed for a specific model is indicated in the data sheet.
Slippage is a very harmful action. Having stalled on potholes or in the mud, you should stop trying to leave on your own. By moving the selector between the marks "D" and "R" it is possible to achieve only transient wear of the splines. The resource of gears will be noticeably reduced. To eliminate the breakdown, the assembly will be dismantled, which will significantly hit the pocket of the car owner.
Attention sensors!
It is impossible to ensure the safety of travel without the correct operation of control devices. Monitoring their status constantly is an urgent need. The failure of one sensor can lead to the failure of the entire node.
If the speed control sensor is damaged, the control unit automatically shifts the transmission belt to the middle emergency position, the engine brakes urgently. The threat of belt deformation becomes more than real. When driving in high speed mode, it can even break the belt drive. Decreasing RPM increases the survival rate of the CVT.
For those who want to buy a used car, there is an immutable rule - change the speed sensor. It is strongly suggested to buy the original version from the manufacturer and trusted supplier. The same should be done with oil level and pressure sensors. The entire set of sensors must be in good condition.
Conclusion
Conclusions that do not require special justification:
- It is impossible to "scorch" with a variator. Breakdowns and a shortened lifespan are inevitable.
- Limit trips to city limits, where the benefits of a continuously variable transmission will be fully revealed.
- Do not start driving with "cold" oil.
- Monitor the fluid level and the performance of control devices.
The driving style of the driver and the general condition of the roads in the region where the car owner lives are important factors influencing the final decision when buying a car with CVT.
Source: http://autoleek.ru/korobka-peredach/variator/kak-ezdit-na-variatore.html
How to ride a CVT correctly: features of operation and driving
Increasingly popular CVT boxes on cars have one of the most important features - a stepless change of torque, that is, the driver does not need to shift gears on his own, as is done on a car with a manual transmission, or feel small jerks when changing gears that cars with automatic transmission have. .
As for the control of the variator itself, it practically does not differ from the control of the automatic transmission, but the feature of the stepless change of torque makes its own adjustments to the control. There are certain nuances that should be considered when driving a car with a CVT.
The general instructions for controlling the variator are quite simple: to start moving, you just need to move the gearbox selector, which replaced the manual transmission lever, and by pressing the gas pedal, start moving. While driving, if the manual control mode is not selected, no further actions with the selector need to be performed.
Variator modes
Certain modes of operation of the variator are selected by moving the selector to positions, each of which is indicated by letters and icons.
Forward movement
"D" - move forward. Moving the selector to a position with this designation indicates that the car will move forward. It is this mode that is the main one when driving.
At the same time, the CVT itself will change the gear ratio, focusing on engine speed, and electronic systems will monitor both the operation of the CVT and the engine to ensure maximum efficiency of their work.
Reversing
"R" - reverse movement. The design of the variator is such that it does not have a reverse movement of the driven shaft, which transmits rotation to the drive wheels. Therefore, additional mechanisms were included in the design. When the selector is moved to this position, the reverse gears are activated.
To avoid breakdowns, the selector can only be moved to this position after the car has completely stopped.
In some models, to move the selector to the "R" position, you need to press the key installed on the selector, while pressing it will be possible only after a complete stop.
This ensures the exclusion of the possibility of turning on the reverse gear without immobilizing the car, which is an additional protection for the variator.
Neutal
"N" - neutral. With this selector position, the power plant is disconnected from the gearbox. This position is used during a long stop, for example, in a traffic jam.
Also, this mode is used to start the power plant. In general, this is the usual neutral gear, which is available in all types of gearboxes.
parking
"P" - parking. This position of the selector leads to the fact that the driven shaft of the variator is blocked by a pin, excluding the possibility of spontaneous movement of the car.
This mode should only be used when the car is parked.
Often, in order to exclude the possibility of accidentally switching on this position, in addition to pressing the button on the selector, you also need to depress the brake pedal and tighten the handbrake, after which only the selector will be in this position. Removing the selector from this position is also accompanied by these steps, performed in reverse order.
Manual control
"+", "-" - upshift and downshift. Since there are no gears as such in the variator, a manual shift mode is used for the convenience of drivers.
But this mode is only an emulator - the variator can change the gear ratio to certain values, which imitates a stepped gearbox.
That is, there seems to be a step change in torque, and it can be changed by briefly moving the selector to “+” or “-”, thereby creating the illusion of gear shifting, but it is only conditional.
In addition, it will not be possible to fully achieve compliance with the operation of the variator as a stepped gearbox - the electronic systems will still monitor the engine speed and, if necessary, independently change the gear ratio. This is done in order to protect the variator itself from overloads.
Additional Modes
Many models equipped with a CVT have additional transmission modes that adjust it to certain driving conditions.
"S" - sport mode. It provides a more frisky behavior of the car when you press the pedal. This mode is designed for intensive driving. But it all comes down to the fact that the CVT changes the gear ratio more slowly, which provides more traction as the engine speed increases.
"E" - economy, aka "Eco". This mode is the complete opposite of the "sport" mode. The variator is adjusted so that the maximum interaction of the engine with the box for minimum fuel consumption is ensured.
"L" - mode of difficult operating conditions. When the selector is moved to this position, the variator provides the maximum gear ratio, that is, traction on the drive wheels. Designed for off-road driving, trailer towing, etc.
The nuances of using the variator
Now about the nuances of driving a car equipped with a CVT. The first and one of the main conditions is not to start driving a car immediately after starting the engine, especially in the winter period.
Start of movement
When parked for a long time, all the oil drains into the gearbox sump, and since low temperatures make the oil more viscous, starting immediately after starting will cause the variator elements to work without lubrication. As a result, this contributes to their intensive wear. Therefore, after starting, allow time for the pressurized oil to reach all lubricating surfaces.
Approximately the same applies to the transfer of the position to "N" during short-term stops.
When switching to this mode, the oil pressure in the variator decreases, and after a quick transfer to the “D” mode and the start of movement, the oil will not have time to flow to the rubbing surfaces in the right amount.
Therefore, it is better not to touch the selector when stopping at a traffic light and leave it in the “D” position, since the variator is designed to work in this mode even when stopped.
Features when maneuvering and cornering
It should be borne in mind that the variator responds to an increase in engine speed. That is, at first the driver increases the speed with the accelerator, to which this gearbox reacts. Depending on the selected mode, the variator will react accordingly, but it needs some time for this reaction.
When overtaking, first of all, this factor must be taken into account - add crankshaft speed, and then start to make a maneuver.
The same applies when cornering, you need to press the pedal at the moment the steering wheel starts to turn, then the gearbox will react correctly and there will be no unforeseen consequences.
Transportation
Transporting trailers or towing other cars is highly undesirable for the CVT, since it significantly increases the load on the transmission, and as a result, its increased wear. It is only allowed to transport trailers with a total weight of up to 1 ton.
You should not often use a car with a CVT on rough terrain. That is, many crossovers and SUVs with a CVT, although they are vehicles with increased cross-country ability, you should not particularly count on their cross-country ability - they are more city cars than “off-road conquerors”.
Towing
There are also nuances regarding towing a car with CVTs. It is allowed to tow such a car on a rigid or flexible hitch only with the power unit running and the selector in the neutral position. If there are no such conditions, then towing is carried out only by partially loading the car (the drive wheels must be hung out) or by a tow truck.
Source: http://okorobke.ru/variator/kak-ezdit-na-variatore.html
How to properly operate a car with a variator?
Five years ago, few domestic motorists knew what a CVT gearbox is and how it differs from traditional "mechanics" and "automatic machines".
But today, almost every car manufacturer has added vehicles with this gearbox to its lineup.
But not every motorist knows how to drive a CVT, the intricacies of its operation, and what advantages and disadvantages it has.
Variable speed transmission (CVT) is a unit designed to transmit a signal from the engine to the drive wheels.
This type of gearbox allows you to more smoothly move from one gear to another, changing the speed of rotation of the driven and drive shafts.
And although the design of this device was developed more than sixty years ago, only recently it has been actively introduced into the production of machines.
Sectional view of a continuously variable gearbox
Those who have already managed to use a car with such a gearbox notice right away that the car accelerates very smoothly and without failures, since the driver does not need to change gears. It has long been known and proven by many tests: if two cars with the same engines but different gearboxes compete, the one equipped with a CVT will be ahead.
Some drivers may be confused by the noise of the engine in all modes of operation. On vehicles equipped with a CVT, it will not be possible to achieve the sound of a sports car during acceleration. Because the electronics of the machine optimizes the operation of the motor, thereby allowing it to function optimally.
All these factors make it possible to emphasize the advantages that a car with a CVT has over a conventional "automatic" or "mechanics". In particular, these are:
- operational set of speed;
- gasoline savings compared to other transmission units;
- motor load optimization;
- reduced interval for the need for maintenance and repair;
- CVT is a cleaner unit from an environmental point of view.
It looks like a rubber belt on an old-style CVT gearbox: today developers install metal belts
"Please tell me! I bought a Honda with a CVT gearbox.
I decided to look on the Internet and read about this type of checkpoint and it turned out that everything is not as smooth as it could be! From the reviews of other motorists, I realized that this unit is very complex in design and not every car service will take up the repair of the gearbox. How to properly operate a Honda with a CVT? What should you pay attention to?” Nikolay writes to Internet users.
And there are a lot of similar questions on the web. So, how to properly use a car equipped with a CVT? What is the optimal driving style for this unit, what are the features of its operation? You will find answers to these questions below. When using a car equipped with CVT, you need to follow a few rules and nuances.
Transmission oil
It is always necessary to clearly monitor the level and condition of the consumables poured into the unit. CVTs, unlike automatic transmissions and even more so mechanical ones, are more sensitive to the quality of consumables. Here it is better not to fill in liquid from an unverified manufacturer and, moreover, bought somewhere on the side of the road.
Gear oil must fully comply with the specifications required by the gearbox of a particular car.
To determine what kind of consumable material your car needs, you should familiarize yourself with the operating manual. As a rule, such important points are described in the instructions.
The manual should contain the specification and basic requirements for transmission consumables. In case of violation of these requirements, be prepared to pay the amount for the repair of the unit.
If you didn't find the answer to your question in the owner's manual, then it might make sense to contact the dealer. It will help you decide which oil is best to buy and where to fill it.
Please note - the filling of the liquid should also be carried out by the masters who have already encountered this. Therefore, also check with the dealer where there are appropriate service stations in your city.
Perhaps, representatives of the company will advise you to contact their service center.
Do not forget to also check the level of consumables in the gearbox: it should always be correct. If there is not enough fluid in the CVT, the parts and components of the unit will not be able to lubricate properly. This, in turn, can cause the failure of some components of the gearbox, which can also hit the pocket of the motorist.
Sudden loads
In vehicles equipped with a CVT, sudden loads often cause subsequent breakdowns and malfunctions. Due to its construction, this problem can be considered a “disease”. For reasons unknown to us, CVT developers are in no hurry to solve this problem, so it remains urgent for owners of cars with a CVT.
Especially the driver of such a car should refrain from a sharp start in the winter until the car has warmed up to normal operating temperature.
Due to the fact that the transmission oil in the unit is cold, it cannot immediately enter all channels of the system, that is, some components work for some time without lubrication.
Therefore, a sharp start can cause a fatal CVT.
This is how the CVT belt looks like in an enlarged view
Of course, it all depends on the driving style, but in the case of CVT, abrupt starts and slippage should be abandoned.
Off-road driving
CVTs are not designed for frequent rural or off-road use. Despite the fact that Mitsubishi crossovers, for example, the Outlander model, are equipped with this unit, these cars can hardly be called SUVs. Therefore, the driver is advised to limit frequent trips to the countryside.
The same goes for towing. Vehicles equipped with CVT should absolutely not skid. This is detrimental to the unit. If you stalled somewhere in the mud and try to drive the car by switching the gear selector from the "D" to "R" position, this will provoke increased wear of the splines.
In turn, the service life of the gears is significantly reduced. Of course, if they break down, you will have to disassemble the unit and repair it, and this pleasure is not cheap.
That is, if your car has a breakdown and you cannot start to get to the service station, the only way out for you is to call a tow truck.
In addition, towing other vehicles can also be detrimental to a CVT car. The maximum that is allowed for towing is a small-sized loaded trailer, the carrying capacity of which should not exceed 700-1000 kg. Since the transport has a much greater weight, they should be refrained from towing.
Sectional view of a stepless variator
Sensor operation
Sensors are a separate topic for conversation. To ensure a normal ride, their work must be monitored in the same way as the level of gasoline in a gas tank. The operation of the unit as a whole depends on the performance of the control devices. The speed control sensor can cause a CVT breakdown.
If this component fails, then the control unit () of the transport immediately throws the gearbox belt into the middle emergency position, resulting in emergency engine braking.
Then the belt may be deformed, but in some cases it may even break completely, but only if the car is driving at high speed.
If the driving speed is not so high, then the unit itself may not suffer.
Therefore, if you are buying a used car, then first of all, replace the speed sensor, preferably by purchasing an original component from the manufacturer. The same applies to transmission fluid level sensors, oil pressure sensor, etc. All sensors must be in good working order.
CVT transmission in section - the photo shows a working belt of the unit
Repair
When purchasing a car with CVT, make sure that you always have the phone number of a competent specialist. To date, not all service stations undertake the repair of these units, since they are quite complex in design and require a competent approach.
In addition, the cost of the services of such specialists is much higher, and a lot depends on the repair. Only one mistake made by the master can cause a more serious breakdown. Therefore, the issue of repair should also be approached responsibly.
As for official dealers, as practice shows, they only repair CVT when the car is under warranty. If the warranty period has expired, then the representatives of the company will most likely offer you to completely replace the unit, and this, as you understand, is not at all cheap.
Causes of breakdowns
CVT disassembled
| signs | Breakdowns |
| Driving the car in neutral: unable to shift into any gear. |
|
| During the shift of the box selector from position "N" to "D", the driver may hear impacts. Also, while driving, the car may jerk. |
|
| While driving, the driver feels that the dynamics of the car has significantly decreased. Also, the vehicle may simply not move when you press the gas pedal. | there was a breakdown of the forward clutch; the torque converter failed; malfunctions in the operation of the CVT transmission were fixed; the electro-hydraulic module failed; there was a breakdown in the operation of the control unit. |
| Unable to shift gears while driving in manual mode. | In this case, it may happen:
|
CVT in dismantled form
As you understand, the CVT gearbox is a rather complex unit in its design, which has its own disadvantages and advantages.
A lot depends on the correct operation of the car, driving it and driving style. Due to its characteristics, any driver will like to drive a car with such a unit, but not everyone will be able to immediately understand all the nuances on which the performance of the gearbox directly depends.
When purchasing a car with such a unit, think about it - can you drive it correctly and take into account all the features of the unit? If not, then it is better not to mess with the CVT, because even the wrong way of driving can cause the unit to fail.
