FEDERAL ROAD SERVICE
RUSSIA

VEHICLE,
PUBLIC ROADS

Moscow, 1999

FEDERAL ROAD SERVICE OF RUSSIA
(FDS of Russia)

ORDER

Moscow

On the approval of the norms Maximum weights and dimensions Vehicle operated on highways common use»

In order to ensure safety traffic, reliability and safety of public roads and road structures, taking into account their bearing capacity and carrying capacity I ORDER: 1 . Approve the attached norms "Maximum weights and dimensions of vehicles operated on public roads", agreed with the Ministry of Transport of Russia and the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. 2. Department for ensuring the safety of roads of the FDS of Russia (Sorokin S.F.) together with Legal Department FDS of Russia (Enikeev Sh.S.) to coordinate in the prescribed manner with the interested ministries and departments and submit until June 1, 1999 for approval to the leadership of the FDS of Russia "Rules for the passage of heavy and (or) large vehicles on public roads" and " Instructions on the procedure for compensating for damage caused by heavy vehicles when driving on public roads. 3 . To impose control over the execution of this order on the deputy head of the FDS of Russia Urmanov I.A. Head V.G. Artyukhov

FEDERAL ROAD SERVICE
RUSSIA

MAXIMUM WEIGHTS AND DIMENSIONS
VEHICLE,
OPERATING ON VEHICLES
PUBLIC ROADS

Moscow, 1999

1 . General provisions

1.1. The provisions set out in these standards apply to the mass and dimensions of vehicles authorized for use in Russian Federation on public roads, are established on the basis of the requirements for ensuring road safety, reliability and safety of roads and road structures, taking into account their bearing capacity and carrying capacity. The following restrictions on the weight and dimensions of vehicles do not apply to the production of vehicles, the requirements for which are established by other standards and norms. 1.2. Vehicles or parts thereof that form part of combined vehicles, the dimensions, as well as the total mass and axle load of which do not exceed the values ​​established by sections 3, 4 and 5 of these standards, are allowed to travel on federal and territorial public roads. For other highways designed and built for loads less than those specified in Sections 3, 4 and 5, the owners of roads may set other (lower) maximum values ​​for the mass of vehicles, for federal highways - by the Federal Road Service of Russia, for territorial roads roads - by the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, for municipal highways - by local governments. Decisions to reduce the dimensions and weights of vehicles listed below are based on the results of a road survey and may be permanent or temporary. At the same time, the body that made such a decision is obliged, in the prescribed manner, to establish the appropriate road signs on the highway or its section, where additional restrictions on the mass and size of vehicles have been introduced and inform road users about this. 1.3. Vehicle and its part forming a combined vehicle, mass and/or axial load which and / or whose size exceeds the maximum values ​​established by these standards, can move on roads only with special permits issued in the prescribed manner by the competent authorities. The movement of such vehicles on roads is carried out in accordance with the "Instructions for the transportation of bulky and heavy goods by road on the roads of the Russian Federation", approved by the Ministry of Transport of Russia on May 27, 1996. 1.4. In addition to limit values total weight and axle loads established by these requirements, the mass of the transported cargo and the distribution of the load along the axles must not exceed the values ​​established by the manufacturer for a particular vehicle. 1.5. For the purposes of these standards, the following concepts and definitions are used: Vehicle - a device designed for the carriage of goods and passengers on roads; Truck - a vehicle designed and built exclusively or primarily for the carriage of goods; Tractor - a vehicle designed and built exclusively or primarily for towing a trailer or semi-trailer; Trailer - a vehicle designed for the carriage of goods by towing by a tractor or truck; Semi-trailer - specially equipped for the carriage of goods, designed to be connected to a tractor in such a way that a part of this vehicle is located directly on the tractor and transfers a significant proportion of its weight to it; Road train - a combined vehicle consisting of truck and trailer; Articulated vehicle - a combined vehicle consisting of a tractor, articulated with a semi-trailer; Bus - a vehicle designed to carry passengers and their luggage, with more than nine seats, including a driver's seat; Articulated bus- a bus consisting of two or more rigid sections connected to each other and having a passenger compartment in each section, allowing passengers to move freely from one compartment to another; Combined vehicle- combination of a truck, consisting of a truck connected to a semi-trailer; The maximum length, width and height of the vehicle - length, width and height of the vehicle with or without cargo, not exceeding the values ​​specified in section 3 of these standards; Maximum linear parameters of the vehicle - linear parameters not exceeding the values ​​specified in section 3 of these standards; Maximum vehicle weight- the mass of the vehicle with or without cargo, which does not exceed the values ​​specified in section 4 of these standards; - mass transmitted through the axle of the vehicle to the surface of the road, not exceeding the standard value; Indivisible cargo- cargo which, when transported by road, cannot be divided into two or more parts without undue cost or risk of deterioration and which, when loaded on a vehicle, would exceed its maximum dimensions and mass; Air suspension- a suspension system in which the damping element is air; Cart- two or more axles having a common suspension to the vehicle; single axle- an axle of a vehicle located at a distance of more than 1.8 m from the nearest axle of this vehicle; close axes- axes (two or more) of the vehicle, located at a distance between them of less than 1.8 m.

2. Measuring the mass and dimensions of vehicles

2.1. Vehicle length is measured in accordance with ISO 612-1978 paragraph 6.1. At the same time, when measuring length in accordance with the provisions of this standard, do not take into account following devices, mounted on the car: a device for glass cleaning and mudguards; front and side marking plates; devices for sealing and protective devices for them; devices for fixing tarpaulins and protective devices for them; electrical lighting equipment; rear view mirrors; devices for viewing the space behind the car; air tubes; length of valves and connectors for connection to trailers or swap bodies; steps for access to the body; lift for a note tire; lifting platforms, access steps and similar equipment not exceeding 200 mm in working position and designed in such a way that they cannot increase the vehicle's load limit; coupling devices for towing vehicles or trailers. 2.2. Vehicle height is measured in accordance with ISO 612-1978 paragraph 6.3. Moreover, when measuring the height, taking into account the provisions of this standard, the following devices mounted on the vehicle should not be taken into account: antennas; pantograph in raised position. For vehicles equipped with an axle lifting device, the effect of this device is taken into account. 2.3. Vehicle width is measured in accordance with ISO 612-1978 clause 6.2. When measuring the width of a vehicle, taking into account the provisions of this standard, the following devices mounted on a vehicle should not be taken into account: devices for seals and seals and protective devices for them; devices for fixing tarpaulins and protective devices for them; devices for identifying damage to tires ; protruding flexible parts of mudguards; Lightning equipment; steps in working position, suspended platforms and similar equipment which, in working position, do not exceed 10 mm on each side of the vehicle and facing forward or backward, the corners of which are rounded with a radius of at least 5 mm, and the edges of which are rounded with a radius of at least 2 .5 mm; rearview mirrors; tire pressure indicators; retractable or retractable steps; the curved portion of a tire's surface that extends beyond its point of contact with the ground. 2.4. Axle mass of a vehicle is measured with a dynamic vertical load transmitted through a single axle to the road surface from a loaded vehicle. The measurement is carried out by special automobile scales that have passed certification in the prescribed manner. The axle weight of a bogie located on one suspension, taking into account the design of the vehicle, is determined as the sum of the measurements of the mass of each of the axles included in the bogie. 2.5. The total mass of a vehicle or part thereof forming part of a combined vehicle is determined as the sum of the measured masses of all axles of the vehicle or part thereof.

3 . Maximum dimensions and other vehicle parameters

The maximum dimensions of vehicles, taking into account the dimensions of swap bodies and containers for cargo, including containers, must not exceed the values ​​given below. 3.1. Maximum length: truck - 12.00 m trailer - 12.00 m articulated vehicle - 16.5 m articulated bus - 18.00 m road train - 20.00 m 3.2. Maximum width: all vehicles - 2.50 m 3.3 . Max Height- 4.00 m 3.4 . The maximum distance between the axis of the constipation of the coupling device and back semi-trailer must not exceed 12.00 m. 3.5. The maximum distance measured parallel to the longitudinal axis of the road train from the outer front point of the body or platform for placing the load behind the cab to the rear outer point of the trailer, minus the distance between the rear of the tractor and the front of the trailer, must not exceed 15.65 m. 3.6. The maximum distance, measured parallel to the longitudinal axis of the road train, from the outer front point of the body or platform for placing cargo behind the cab to the rear outer point of the semi-trailer must not exceed 16.40 m. 3.7. The load installed in the body of the vehicle must not protrude beyond the rear outer point of the vehicle or trailer by more than 2.00 m. 3.8. Distance between rear axle truck and the front axle of the trailer must be at least 3.00 m. 3.9. The horizontally measured distance between the pivot point of the semi-trailer and any point of the front part of the semi-trailer shall not exceed 2.04 m. 3.10. Any vehicle, when moving, must be able to turn within the space limited by an outer radius of 12.50 m and an inner radius of 5.30 m. 3.11. The maximum distance between the locking pin of the hitch and the rear of the combination vehicle must not exceed 12.00 m.

4 . Regulatory total mass of vehicles*

* Regulatory total masses of vehicles must not be exceeded by more than 20%.

Table 4.1

Vehicle type		Regulatory total weight of the vehicle, t
	Trucks a) two-axle vehicle
	b) three-axle car
	d) a four-axle vehicle with two driving axles, each of which consists of two pairs of wheels and has an air or equivalent suspension
	Vehicles forming part of a combination vehicle (a) Two-axle trailer
	b) three-axle trailer
	Combined vehicles Articulated vehicles
	a) a two-axle tractor with a two-axle semi-trailer with a total base of 11.2 m or more
	b) a two-axle tractor with a three-axle semi-trailer with a total base of 12.1 m or more
	c) a three-axle tractor with a two-axle semi-trailer with a total base of 11.7 m or more
	d) a three-axle tractor with a three-axle semi-trailer with a total base of 12.1 or more
	e) a vehicle consisting of 18 ton truck and a 20-ton semi-trailer if the vehicle has a drive axle consisting of twin wheels and is equipped with air suspension or its equivalent with a total wheelbase of 13.3 m or more
	Road trains a) a two-axle truck with a two-axle trailer with a total base of 12.1 m or more
	b) a two-axle truck with a three-axle trailer with a total base of 14.6 m or more
	c) a two-axle truck with a four-axle trailer with a total base of 16.5 m or more
	d) a three-axle truck with a two-axle trailer with a total base of 14.6 m or more
	e) a three-axle truck with a three-axle trailer with a total base of 15.9 m or more
	f) a three-axle truck with a four-axle trailer with a total base of 18 m or more
	Buses a) two-axle bus
	b) three-axle bus
	c) three-axle articulated bus
	d) four-axle articulated bus

5 . Normative axial loads vehicles

Table 5.1.

Regulatory axial loads of vehicles *

* Axle loads of motor vehicles should not exceed the normative axle loads by more than 40%.

Vehicle axle types	Estimated axial load for which the pavement is designed, tf
	gable		lean-to
Single axles
Twin axles of trailers, semi-trailers, drive axles of trucks and buses with distances between axles:
d) equal to or more than 1.8 m
Triple axles of trailers and semi-trailers with distances between axles:
a) more than 0.5 m, but less than 1.0 m
b) equal to or more than 1.0 m, but less than 1.3 m
c) equal to or more than 1.3 m, but less than 1.8 m
d) equal to or more than 1.8 m
- the same, when mounted on an air suspension or equivalent

5.8. The weight transmitted to the drive or drive axles of the vehicle or combination vehicle must not be less than 25% of the total weight of the vehicle or combination vehicle.

1. General Provisions. 2 2. Measurement of the mass and dimensions of vehicles. 3 3. Maximum dimensions and other parameters of vehicles. 4 4. Regulatory total mass of vehicles. 5 5. Regulatory axial loads of vehicles. 6

An overloaded car, both a passenger car and a truck, is a great danger to the driver and other road users. In addition, it creates an increased load on the roadway, which suffers in any case. How to calculate the overload, and what are the fines for driving with violations today? Each driver must understand his responsibility and know what threatens him.

Permissible weight of vehicles

In the summer of 2015, amendments to the relevant acts on the carriage of goods by Russian roads. Based on this document, new norms for the permissible mass of vehicles have been introduced.

For example, Weight Limit a car that has the right to drive on the road without additional permission is 44 tons. This is the ultimate maximum.

For passenger cars Mobiles of such norms, of course, do not exist. But does this mean that you can overload your car and drive with impunity? The limit still exists. It is concluded that it is forbidden to carry a large number of passengers. This is punishable by an appropriate fine.

Permissible axial load

In a relationship freight transport axle load rule applies. This crucial point when calculating. In order to understand exactly how the load is calculated, you need to understand the simplest concepts.

So, all cars are divided into two classes:

1. "A" - operated on the tracks of three categories: the first, second and third, respectively.
2. "B" - carried out movement on any road.

The allowed values ​​are listed below.

First of all, for cars:

• with two axles - 18 tons;
• with three axles - 25 tons;
• with four axles - 32 tons;
• with five axles - 35 tons.

As for road trains, other standards are established for them:

• with three axles - 28 tons;
• with four axles - 36 tons;
• with five axles - 40 tons;
• with six axles or more - 44 tons.

How to calculate?

The load is calculated using a complex formula. You also need to consider the maximum weight for roads of a certain category. The load of a truck is distributed as follows: on the front axle it is less, on the rear (or rear) it is much higher.

When a car drives into the scale at the checkpoint, the control officer uses a special reference book, which contains a huge number of types of vehicles and describes the detailed load on their axles. Let's look at a few examples and determine how it adds up to each axis.

Cargo "GAZelle" has two axles: front and rear. The total weight of the car is added up according to the formula:

M TS \u003d N PO + N ZO, where:

It would seem that everything is simple, but for other vehicles it is not always possible to apply this formula. Three axle cars with two combined axes, you need to calculate differently. For example, let's take the car "Kamaz" -53215. The calculation is already carried out according to the formula:

M TS \u003d N PO + N t, where:

• M TC is the mass of the vehicle;

Table

Consider the table of permissible loads. Please note that the rates are given for each axle.

The calculation should be made as accurately as possible, since the error can be no more than 5%. The closer the axles are to each other, the stronger the pressure on the roadway. This explains the dependence on distance.

Legislative restrictions in other countries

When sending a loaded car outside of Russia or for goods, it is important to study the legislation in order to avoid fines that can significantly affect the budget.

Below is a table with which you can determine the total permissible weight of vehicles in some countries.

Countries/car	biaxial	triaxial	four-axle	trailer 2 axles	trailer in 3 axles	road train in 4 axles	road train with 5 and 6 axles	road train truck 3 axles	road train 4 axles
Poland	19	26	30	18	24	37	40	29	38
Germany	17	24	32	18	24	35	40	27	35
France	19	26	26	19	24	38	40	—	38
Belgium	19	28	32	20	30	38	44	29	39
Spain	20	26	26	20	26	38	38	—	38
Belarus	20	25	26	20	26	36	44	—	38
Kazakhstan	18	25	32	18	24	32	44	28	38

Transport companies carefully study the information and laws of other countries and insure those who apply to them.

Statistical and dynamic weighing

On special points, located on the track, occurs control weighing to determine if the vehicle is overloaded and what the axle load is.

Weigh it in two ways:

• in static;
• in dynamics.

Both of these methods are used today, let's find out what is their difference. So, weighing in statics happens like this: the car drives into the scales and stops. This method determines the exact weight of the vehicle at the moment.

Weighing in dynamics occurs when the vehicle is moving slowly. This method is necessary to determine the load on each axle. The car moves on the scales at a speed not exceeding 5 km/h.

The only disadvantage of this method is the error, which you definitely need to know about. The maximum it can be 3%.

All scales used today at weighing points are predominantly electronic. Entrance to them is made using a ramp. Not always two types of scales are installed at the same post.

Responsibility for overload

Undoubtedly, all citizens who have cars know that there is a liability for overloading. Drivers most often experience this. trucks. Owners passenger vehicles For the most part, they don't think about overloading at all.

The maximum allowable weight of a car, if you do not take into account the load on the axles, is set even before the car leaves the assembly line. Each document on the vehicle has a line regarding this moment.

The manufacturer himself knows how much load the car can withstand. This is influenced by many factors: from the parts used in production to the distance between the axles.

What causes overload?

Responsibility for overload is a very serious matter. Such actions sometimes lead to serious consequences, among them:

1. Creation of an emergency. An overloaded car moves along the road unsteadily. In addition, the load creates pressure on the axle, which at one moment may not withstand.
2. Destruction of the roadway. It's hard to argue with this, but overloaded cars really break up roads. Pits on them are a huge problem for the country, fines are not always able to cover the damage.
3. Parts of the car and its parts quickly become unusable, the vehicle itself becomes obsolete and breaks down.
4. If the car is overloaded, then the braking distance will be longer, which will create an additional risk of an emergency.

These are not all factors on the basis of which drivers can be severely fined.

Freight car

Truck drivers also need to remember how to properly transport certain types of cargo:

• large;
• dangerous and others.

Penalties for violation are provided for in Article 12.21 of the Code of Administrative Offenses. They are divided into three types:

• For individual- 1500-2000 rubles;
• For official- up to 15,000 rubles;
• for a legal entity - up to 400,000 rubles.

In some cases, when transporting goods, a transport permit may be required. If not, then you will also be fined.

In some situations, when documents are drawn up for the cargo, and the weight does not match what is presented in the papers, an additional inspector may impose a fine of 5,000 rubles. For companies, it will increase at least 50 times.

The traffic police inspector does not have the right to issue a fine if the control weighing has not taken place. Overload can be determined by eye, but it cannot be proved in any way.

A car

In the Code of Administrative Offenses, there is not a word about reloading light vehicles. Nobody weighs them on the road. In this case, the inspector may find another reason to issue a fine.

Those who load a car to the eyeballs, they know how this affects handling, skidding and wear of parts. Most often, drivers cars issue a fine for incorrect transportation passengers. They can be placed exactly as much as was approved in the documents.

The penalties are as follows:

• warning;
• 500 rubles for violation of the rules of transportation;
• 1000 rubles for not wearing a seat belt.

So, overloading a car is a serious violation for which liability is provided. Before you go on the road, study the rules well. If transport companies take full responsibility, then the private driver will have to answer for everything on their own.

The characteristic of the mass of the car is the primary criterion for fuel consumption and other indicators, which also affects all kinds of car systems. The basic concepts relating to the masses of a vehicle are usually taught in a driving school. However, for many car owners this complex issue. In this article we will tell you what is the difference between the total curb weight and what it is; and also find out what is the mass payload and the maximum allowable weight.

Interesting fact! The BelAZ 75710 dump truck (Belarus) is considered the machine with the largest mass. Its weight is 810 tons, and its carrying capacity is 450 tons. In 2014, this vehicle carried a load of 503.5 tons and thus set a new Guinness Book record for Europe and the CIS.

What is the curb weight of the car

The curb weight of the vehicle is the mass of the vehicle, which takes into account the weight standard equipment(spare wheel, tools), weight of all consumables (fuel, coolant, oil, etc.), but does not take into account the weight of cargo, driver and passengers. In other words, the total value of the masses of all components of an empty vehicle filled to a full tank, which has all standard equipment and required levels liquids and means the curb weight of the car.

You can find the number corresponding to the curb weight of your car in its registration certificate, or among specifications model of your car.

Note!In many European countries, the weight of the driver (75 kg) is included in the curb weight. Manufacturers are of the opinion that for the movement of the car, the presence of a driver is a necessary condition, and therefore its weight cannot be counted as a payload.

The curb weight is also called the unladen weight, while the total weight of the vehicle is considered to be the weight, which includes the weight of equipment, consumables, as well as the weight of the driver, the weight of passengers and cargo. That is, the difference between the full and curb weights lies in the weight of the driver, passengers and goods carried by the car.

Let us also mention such a concept as dry weight auto. This is the real weight of the machine as a structure, device, mechanism. In other words, this is a common actual weight unequipped vehicle without any consumable fluids.

Payload mass

Now we will talk about such an important technical and basic operational characteristic of vehicles as carrying capacity, in other words, about the mass of the payload. This is the total weight of the entire cargo (corresponding to general technical and performance characteristics vehicle) that transports the car. By setting the allowable maximum load per axle of the rolling stock per meter of track, it is possible to determine the estimated payload mass of the vehicle.

Conventionally, the carrying capacity can be divided into estimated And nominal. If the calculated one takes into account only the permissible weight that the vehicle can carry, then the nominal one also takes into account the quality of the road. On a hard surface, it can range from 0.5 tons (for passenger cars) to more than 28 tons (for dump trucks).

Did you know? In some types of vehicles, a certification plate is attached to the door frame, which contains technical data, including the mass of the maximum permissible load on each axle.

Maximum allowable (gross) weight

If we talk about the permitted maximum mass of the vehicle, then this is the mass of the equipped and extremely loaded vehicle, provided by the developer. The weight of the driver and passengers is also taken into account. Each make and model has its own maximum allowable weight, which depends on the materials used in the production of the car, the body structure and other parts of the car.

Important! It is advisable not to exceed the allowable maximum of this indicator in order to avoid body deformation and problems with the suspension.

The SDA also states that the permitted maximum mass of a road train means the amount of the maximum allowable masses all the vehicles that make up the train. It is also worth mentioning that since 2015 the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine has introduced some restrictions for trucks aimed at maintaining the integrity of the roadway. As stated in Decree No. 8669 of October 21: for the transport of divisible goods, the permitted maximum weight of a truck is no more than 40 tons, which applies to public roads.

As you can see, all concepts are extremely simple and understandable. We hope that all of the above will be useful to you and there will be no confusion.

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IN automotive industry and everything connected with this area uses 2 such basic concepts as the curb weight of a car and full mass cars. These two characteristics are those that are necessarily talked about in theoretical classes taking place in a car school. However, many, even very experienced, drivers do not know or simply have forgotten what lies under this terminology.

What is the curb weight of the car

The curb weight of the car is the total, i.e. the total weight of the machine with a set of standard equipment, all its operational consumables that are needed (for example, coolant and engine oil), fully charged automotive fuel tank, the weight of the driver, but without the weight of the cargo and the weight of the passengers.

What is the gross weight of the machine

The gross vehicle weight, or, as it is also called, the gross permissible weight, is the mass of the car, which is the maximum allowable and includes: the weight of the driver, the weight of passengers, the weight of the entire equipped car, as well as the weight of the cargo that is transported by the car.

What is the difference between curb weight and gross vehicle weight?

If you understand the differences between these two concepts, then the point is what exactly is included and summed up in the total mass indicator. In contrast to the indicator of the curb weight of a car, the indicator of its gross weight also takes into account the weight of the driver, the weight of the passengers of the car, and the mass of the goods that are (transported) in it.

It is absolutely natural that people are all different - each person has a different weight. The same applies to the luggage of the car - some drivers can “stuff” the car so that it cannot move from its place, and some are more careful and transport goods within reason. In this regard, most often among motorists, such a concept as “permissible gross vehicle weight” is used. Each car has its own highest permitted mark, it all depends on the manufacturer, the materials that were used in the production process of the car, as well as the structure car body and other load-bearing parts of the machine. Important not to download own car so that this figure is exceeded. If this is not followed, then gradually during the operation of the car its body, bridge systems, as well as many other parts that are attached to the car suspension will be deformed. It is also necessary to take into account the fact that with the full curb weight of the car - fuel, it will absorb much more.

An overly loaded vehicle poses a significant threat not only to the driver, but also to other road users. It doesn't matter if it's a truck or a car. Even the road surface suffers from the excess mass of the vehicle. Each car owner must know how the overload is calculated, and understand the degree of responsibility for violating the rules.

Since 2015, the legal documents relating to the carriage of goods have undergone some changes. Based on the new information, the permitted maximum vehicle weight has been adjusted.

The maximum permissible weight of a freight vehicle (road train) is 44 tons. The axle load of any truck is determined based on the category of roads that are designed to carry cargo of different weights. Overloading a truck will require the driver to obtain the appropriate exit permit. With regards to passenger vehicles, there are also some restrictions. The driver is not entitled to carry more passengers in his car than is regulated by law.

The impact on the vehicle axle, in other words, the axial load, is the load from the total mass of the vehicle, which is transmitted to the roadway by the wheels of each of the axles. Under increased load, the roadway is destroyed. Besides, braking distances overloaded vehicle is longer, which can create emergency on the roads.

It is worth considering the fact that the distribution of the load is uneven: on rear axle accounts for significantly more than the front. This is due to the location cargo platform: at the back of the car. When driving on a section of the road, which is equipped with sign 3.12, the driver must pay attention to the maximum permitted axle load. If in his vehicle the load does not correspond to this, then it is necessary to change the route. Otherwise, the violation will result in a penalty for congestion. According to the Administrative Code of the Russian Federation (part 11 of article 12.21.1), the amount of the administrative penalty is 5,000 rubles.

The rules of carriage determine the acceptable weight of the car. You can find information below:

A more complex calculation is permissible load on the axle. This takes into account the category of the road, as well as the distance between the axles and the type of wheels.

Approximate calculation

Thus, the mass of the vehicle is calculated as the sum of the axle loads. You can find out the mass of the car by looking at the registration certificate. It is more difficult to determine the actual weight of the load. To get an accurate calculation, you can use a special calculator.

The latter are of two types:

1. Stationary (SPVK).
2. Mobile (PPVK).

Stationary weight control points are located in a special place where equipment and personnel are constantly located.

Its mobile counterpart, on the contrary, is equipped on the basis of a van. Such a post has a significant advantage - mobility. Since the weight control point is constantly moving, it is not possible for the owner of a cargo vehicle to identify its location.

The stationary test procedure avoids axle overload. Today there are two types of weighing:

1. Dynamic.
2. Static.

The first is carried out in the process of vehicle movement, and allowable speed- no more than 5 km/h. To fix the measurements, automatic axle scales are used, with the help of which the vehicle is weighted along the axles. Acceptable error in calculations - 3%.

Static weighing is only possible after the vehicle has stopped. A special platform with installed strain gauges allows you to calculate the load and overload along the axles as accurately as possible.

Cargo Permit

In addition, the process of cargo transportation is regulated by regulatory legal acts. So, with an axle load of more than 2% of the permissible one, a permit for movement on roads should be obtained (according to Federal Law No. 257 of November 8, 2007, clause 2, article 31). To do this, it is necessary to coordinate the route and compensate for the damage caused by pavement. An exception is made for the transport of the Russian Armed Forces.

For a transport permit dangerous goods, according to paragraph 9 of the order of the Ministry of Transport of Russia No. 258 (07/24/2012), the following documents are required:

1. Appropriate statement of the owner of the vehicle.
2. A photocopy of documents on the vehicle.
3. The scheme of distribution of the transported cargo.
4. Technical requirements for transportation.

If the driver has not received special permission, in addition to the imposition of penalties, he may be deprived of driving license. This is regulated by the Administrative Code of the Russian Federation (part 1 of article 12.21.2)

Established penalties for overload

What fine is provided for overloaded cars depends on the legal category of the owner. This administrative punishment has three levels of responsibility:

• For individuals, a fine of 1,500 - 2,000 rubles is provided.
• Officials will pay more than 15,000 rubles.
• For legal entities the amount of the fine reaches up to 400,000 rubles.

In addition to a direct violation, there may be an inaccuracy in the documents: when the actual weight of the cargo does not correspond to the declared one. At the same time, the maximum possible load per axle significantly exceeds the standards. In this case, the amount of the established fine:

• for an individual - 5,000 rubles;
• for legal - 50 times more.

The basis for the application of sanctions against the driver is the weight control on the road by the traffic police inspector.