How to properly brake on the mechanics? Types of braking. How to achieve a smooth ride on the mechanics

Without having a rich driving experience, the question immediately arises regarding competent braking near traffic lights.

After all, if you do not stop on time at a red light, there is a very high probability of knocking down a pedestrian or provoking an accident with other vehicles. You should approach intersections confidently and carefully so as not to violate the rules and not create dangerous situations.

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Braking on a manual transmission is objectively more difficult when compared to automatic transmissions. But every driver, regardless of the type of gearbox, must know how to properly brake at a traffic light.

Tasks of gentle braking

Let's first define why a driver needs to be able to brake carefully and competently. After all, you can hit the gas pedal sharply. The vehicle must be stopped anyway.

But it is important not only to stop driving in front of a traffic light if the driver is on a red signal, but also to do it very carefully. There are several reasons to do so.

1. Passengers. It's a matter of their convenience. When a driver is driving for a long time vehicle, he often does not even pay any attention to different ones. But passengers will feel great about it. Each push leads to far from the most pleasant sensations. And if there are small children among the passengers, sudden braking is completely dangerous for their health. As well as for the elderly.
2. The need to quickly correct errors. It is not difficult to imagine how the car moves along snow covered road. And if you slow down by pressing the pedal sharply, there is a high probability that the car will not stop. And if you also ran into a puddle or an icy area, then for sure the exit to the red is provided. Or entry to rear bumper the vehicle in front. The driver simply will not have time to correct his mistake. Therefore, the number of accidents increases sharply in winter.
3. The situation is under complete control. If you brake properly, you won't run into cars in front, and you won't let a car behind you ram your rear bumper. So proper braking is one of the components of the trouble-free operation of the vehicle.

It is hardly worth arguing that learning to slow down is necessary.

At the same time, do not forget about the difference between automatic and mechanical transmissions. The machine greatly simplifies the life of the motorist. But not everyone can or not everyone wants to buy a car with automatic transmission. Therefore, it is necessary to use more complex scheme to stop at a traffic light.

Braking at automatic transmission

To begin with, let's talk a little about how to stop at a traffic light correctly if your car is running on the machine.

If the mechanical transmission is divided into speeds, then the machine has different modes. The advent of a new type of box design has led to the fact that it has become much easier to brake and get under way on cars with automatic transmission. Especially when it comes to .

Automatic machines are literally created for driving in urban conditions. They allow you to quickly stop at a traffic light without any extra effort and a lot of manipulations, and then just as easily set the starting speed for the vehicle.

To stop at the entrance to the intersection, the driver needs to smoothly release and press the brake pedal. As a result, the car will stop. But here the main thing is not to release the pedal if you are in Drive mode. It automatically sets the car to move at a speed of about 20 kilometers per hour.

As soon as the car in automatic transmission can be stopped, keep your foot on the brake pedal until red lights up. Then release the pedal and step on the gas.

In addition to braking with the brake pedal, automatic transmissions there is also the possibility of stopping the car with the engine. This is where advice from more experienced drivers comes in handy. But in fact, no complex manipulations will have to be carried out.

When a descent is visible ahead, the automatic transmission switches to S mode from the current Drive position (or simply D). If the slope is steep enough, then you can switch from Drive to L mode. Here you should start from your own feelings.

Additionally, on automatic transmissions, there is a Hold button that will help you with engine braking.

It is better to use this method of stopping in emergency situations when the brake pedal has failed. Although some actively practice this method if you need to slow down or stop when driving on a steep or long descent. But if there are no problems with the brake pedal and the entire brake system, it is better to use the traditional method. Yet the brakes are designed to stop or completely stop the movement of the vehicle.

Now let's consider in more detail the question of how to properly stop at a traffic light on the mechanics. If you remember your lessons in a driving school, then you will surely remember the words of the instructors who told the students that the vehicle should always move with the gear on at the checkpoint.

Which gear to choose already depends on the speed of movement, in order to always be ready to make a subsequent maneuver, starting from current situation on road. And only when it is necessary to completely stop the car at a speed of about 5-10 kilometers per hour, you should depress the brake and clutch pedal at the same time.

But it is interesting that in practice, most drivers with little and impressive experience rarely use the engine braking method. This can be explained by the need for frequent downshifts, which provokes fairly rapid fatigue. Plus, such movements lead to an increase in urban conditions. Do not forget that such a braking method causes accelerated wear of the elements. mechanical box gear shifting.

If the weather is dry and asphalt is laid on the road, it is much easier and more convenient to brake in front of a traffic light without downshifting. It is much more practical to smoothly and simultaneously squeeze two pedals in the car, rather than trying to stop the vehicle by the engine itself.

There is nothing difficult in braking with two pedals. It is enough to learn how to squeeze them out with the right speed and effort. It already depends on how easily the pedals move specifically on your car. Plus, the speed of pressing is directly affected by the speed of the vehicle before the traffic light. The faster you drive, the more rarely you have to pedal. But it’s better not to accelerate much if you know that there is an intersection ahead.

At the same time, it is impossible to refuse to learn the technique of engine braking in any case. We recommend that you learn how to properly stop at the mechanics in front of a traffic light. Otherwise, you risk stalling.

Many are rightly interested in how to slow down at a traffic light so as not to stall on the mechanics. After all, then you have to turn the key in the ignition again, repeat the start procedure again, etc.

1. The essence of the technique is to force the car to stop when the gear is engaged on a manual transmission.
2. If you have the same 2 or 3 gear, when you press the accelerator pedal, the car will start to accelerate. That's how cars are made.
3. If you stop pressing on the gas, but leave the speed on, then the engine itself will gradually begin to stop the car.
4. The time spent on braking directly depends on the switched on this moment transmission. The lower it is, the faster the vehicle will stop.
5. When you arrive at a traffic light, it is recommended that you switch to downshift.

It is important to understand that this stopping technique increases fuel consumption. But the effectiveness of such braking is higher, which has a positive effect on the safety and confidence of the novice driver.

In the described method, the brake pedal is practically not needed. But if you feel such a need, with its help you can slow down a little. Even if you hit the floor with the brake pedal in gear, the vehicle will still not stop from this. Here comes the damage brake mechanisms you can take it seriously.

When braking, the brake pedal can not be used. Squeeze it out when the car has already switched to minimum speed by stopping the engine. This will allow you to fix on the line that separates the area for cars from pedestrian crossing. So you will not go beyond the established limits and do not roll out into the lane along which other cars are moving perpendicularly, because the green light is on for them.

Never forget about the need to fix the car when stopping at controlled intersections where traffic lights work or traffic inspectors stand. This is especially true for sections that have irregularities and with sufficiently large traffic.

When another vehicle is close behind your car, even a slight rollback will cause an accident. If you fix the car in a stationary state by holding the brake pedal, then there will be no talk of any collision.

When you have to stop on a descent or ascent, the help of a parking or hand brake will certainly not be superfluous. It is advised to use it even in lessons at a driving school. By turning on the handbrake, the car is guaranteed not to budge. Therefore, it will not pose a threat to vehicles behind or ahead of you. When it's time to move off, first start moving, and then gradually release the handbrake. Throw parking brake and then trying to depress the clutch and shift into first gear is extremely dangerous when there are other cars behind you. You simply will not have time to perform all the necessary manipulations, but will start to roll back.

Practice shows that for beginners, a more correct and convenient solution would be to use the engine braking method from high to low gears. This relieves pressure from the gas pedal. Just before stopping, you can use the brake pedal or handbrake to fix the position of the vehicle.

Confident and more experienced drivers prefer double-pedal braking. This allows you to quickly decelerate different speed, regardless of the included transmission. Plus, this stopping technique allows you to save fuel.

Right start

Also, everyone wants to know how to get under way at a traffic light with a mechanic. With a machine gun, everything is very clear, but there are several questions about the manual transmission.

If you are interested in how you can learn how to quickly get under way on the mechanics while standing at a traffic light, then first try to remember the lessons from your driving school. In order to quickly start moving, instructors usually advise starting on the clutch without working on the gas pedal. But such a technique is rather doubtful, since it will be problematic to do this in conditions of dense road traffic. You will become an object for expressing aggression and more.

We must not forget that on different cars has its own features of setting and adjusting the clutch. The method of such a start is suitable if the road is empty, flat and horizontal. But it is better to refuse it when it comes to descents, ascents and busy intersections. Here, experienced drivers advise driving a little differently.

Before you pass a traffic light on the mechanics, you will have to set the initial speed of the vehicle from the full stop mode. That is, you need to move. To do this, we simulate the situation. The car stopped at a traffic light or an intersection. At the same time, the driver turned on hand brake, the engine is running and the manual transmission is in neutral.

1. With your left foot, you need to depress the pedal to the stop, which is responsible for the operation of the clutch.
2. In parallel, with the right hand, the driver engages the first gear on the manual transmission.
3. Then the car can be gradually removed from the hand brake.
4. If necessary, turn on your turn signal to indicate to other drivers that you intend to turn at the traffic lights.
5. Now the clutch pedal is gently released.
6. When the moment of seizure comes, stop releasing the pedal for a couple of seconds, and simultaneously apply gas with the accelerator pedal.
7. At the same time, the speed on the tachometer will begin to increase.
8. It is recommended to start at 1000-1500 rpm. It is not recommended to raise more than 2500 rpm, since you are not a racer and are not going to compete with anyone in starting speed.
9. At the same time, keep an eye on the movement of the tachometer needle, since it is not always possible to determine the load on the engine only by its sound.
10. Try to clearly control the effort with which you act on the gas pedal with your foot. To feel it better, try to drive in soft shoes.
11. If you do everything right and lightly press the gas pedal, the car will go.
12. Without fully lowering the clutch pedal, drive about 3 meters. This mode is called semi-coupled driving.
13. Now it is allowed to completely leave the clutch and press the gas pedal even harder. This will allow you to switch to next gear by depressing the clutch again.

Under ideal conditions, you should release the clutch pedal and press the gas gently, smoothly and simultaneously. But this can only be achieved as your driving experience increases. If a beginner in the first couple will stall or squeeze the gas pedal, it's okay. Soon you will get used to the operation of the manual transmission and the pedals of your car, thereby learning how to move off smoothly.

How to guess the moment of grasp

This also comes with experience. You should not expect from a person who has just recently got behind the wheel that he will be able to move smoothly and without jerks at a traffic light.

Therefore, initially, most novice drivers often stall after stopping at an intersection and, if necessary, quickly start. After all, other cars are propping up behind, drivers are nervous, shouting something and often express themselves impartially against the driver blocking their movement. But such are the realities of our roads. There is no need to panic. Get together and try to do everything right.

It is important to learn to capture this very moment of clutch setting. This will allow you not to stall when trying to start from a place. To do this, drivers gradually develop the habit of releasing the clutch as soon as the engine starts to twitch. A kind of convulsions appear, which are not difficult to confuse with anything else.

Having developed such a reflex, you will never have problems starting after stopping at traffic lights, intersections and under other circumstances. It is important to get used to the characteristic behavior of the car itself. Sitting behind the wheel of another car, it is unlikely to behave in exactly the same way.

Driving experience is no substitute. Therefore, it is not enough just to study the theory, watch lessons on the correct technique for stopping or starting traffic at traffic lights. Everything needs to be tested in practice. Only in this way you will quickly get used to the characteristic features of your vehicle. And then you will already have the legal right to yell at those drivers who stall at a traffic light. But whether it's worth it or not is up to you. Yet until very recently, you yourself were in their place.

Proper braking is an important skill that every motorist should master. However, after completing driving school courses, drivers often forget to brake properly, endangering themselves, passengers and the car's serviceability. This is also seen in experienced drivers.

If braking on an automatic transmission occurs automatically with one click, then on a manual transmission, the knowledge and experience of the driver are required

But conditions proper braking must be strictly observed, not forgetting to change gears, keep the engine at normal speed, the number of which varies in urban areas and outside the city, and without overheating the car engine.

Braking is very different on the mechanics and on the automatic transmission. If your car is equipped with an automatic transmission, then it is enough to use the brake pedal, the car will do the rest for you. But with the mechanics, the situation is more complicated. To learn how to properly brake with it, you will need some additional knowledge and skills, as well as experience. In addition, if you have to pass a driving test, then you will encounter a manual transmission.

Why you need to know how to brake on a manual transmission

correct, safe driving the ability to avoid a traffic accident, to maneuver in a dangerous situation, necessarily includes the ability to avoid a traffic accident.

What this might mean:

1. Performing braking with the service brake system and with the help of the engine (with the gas pedal released).
2. Willingness to accelerate if necessary using the gas pedal.

How to brake with a manual transmission

When braking on ice, follow all the rules

If there is ice or rain outside, engine braking will become the best option. If there is a need for a gradual reduction in speed when descending in bad weather, proceed as follows:

1. Slowly release the gas pedal.
2. At the same time, start depressing the brake pedal slowly.
3. Depress the clutch before the final stop to prevent the engine from stalling.
4. Then shift into neutral.
5. Gradually release the pedals.

If the weather does not interfere with the adequate operation of the car, and the roadway is perfectly flat, without descents, ascents and potholes, then there is a slightly different procedure:

1. Fully release the gas pedal
2. Squeeze the clutch with your left foot until it stops.
3. Slowly, without sudden jerks, press the brake pedal with your right foot until the stop is complete.
4. After stopping turn on neutral speed.
5. Release all pedals as smoothly as possible. In no case do not throw the gas pedal abruptly!

How to Brake Smoothly in a Manual Transmission

For smooth braking on the mechanics, lower the gas pedal and apply the brake

In order to slow down slightly or brake smoothly while driving a car with a manual transmission, you need to release the gas pedal and without touching the clutch, gently press the brake pedal for a short time. If you need to greatly reduce the speed of the car and switch to a lower gear, you still have to use the clutch pedal.

In any case, you do not need to be afraid that the engine will stall. If you do everything correctly and strictly according to the instructions, then this will not happen, and your car will avoid an unexpected breakdown at the most inopportune moment.

How to perform engine braking?

Sometimes, in bad weather may require the ability to brake the engine. This is especially important during icy weather.

This type of braking is called emergency braking, and among other things, it is often encountered during the driving test, so it is important to know how to do it correctly.

To begin with, we will analyze what braking techniques are possible on a slippery pavement:

• intermittent;
• stepped.

Now let's look directly at engine braking. It includes the following sequence of actions:

• reset the fuel supply without disengaging the clutch;
• depress the clutch pedal;
• engage a lower speed gear;
• then re-engage the clutch.

Video Tips: How to brake correctly. Types and methods of braking on a manual gearbox.

Due to this, the speed of the car will decrease, and the number of engine revolutions will increase. Serviceable system brake assist allows the vehicle to brake smoothly. Moreover, the effect of combining the braking methods described above is no worse than that of braking in the traditional way.
In icy conditions, the wheels cannot be controlled when locked, so engine braking is preferable in this case.

How to properly brake with a manual transmission before turning

It's hard to keep your car from skidding because it can happen in a lot of ways. different reasons often independent of the driver. This is the unevenness of the roadway under the front and rear wheels cars, and an unexpected slope on the road, and non-simultaneous blocking of the wheels.

In order to prevent the car from leaving the trajectory, you need to stop the skid at the very beginning.

But if the skid did occur, remember these simple tips:

1. Instinctively depressing the brake pedal can make the car even more uncontrollable, so refrain from doing so.
2. The clutch pedal in this case also does not help in any way to save the situation.
3. Release the gas pedal smoothly, without sudden movements.
4. If your vehicle is rear wheel drive, slowly reduce engine speed.
5. If the car is front-wheel drive, on the contrary, increase the speed in order to stop the skid by the traction of the steered wheels.
6. Turn the steering wheel only in the direction of skidding: the rear of the car skids to the right - turn the steering wheel to the right quickly, but without sudden movements. Control the steering wheel smoothly, without unnecessary movements.
7. The gas pedal does not affect the control of the machine if the gear is neutral. Therefore, the inclusion of a neutral gear when skidding will not only not help the situation, but will also make it even more dangerous - the car will become uncontrollable. Keep in mind that when fourth gear is engaged, at a speed of 60 km / h, the tachometer shows less than 2,000 rpm. With such a weak engine thrust, engine braking will be completely ineffective. In order to stop the skid and prevent a traffic accident, it is necessary to apply engine braking at an engine thrust of 3,000-3,500 rpm. in third gear at a speed of 70 km / h.
8. At right choice speeds and gears it is easy to overcome even the most slippery slopes. While driving uphill, it is inconvenient to change speed. It is especially difficult with front wheel drive vehicles- They can wobble a lot. In this case, you can try to drive up the hill in reverse.
9. Driving down an icy road can be dangerous if you try to slow down. In order to avoid skidding, turn on 2nd gear at the beginning of the movement. On ice, neither sudden braking nor steering wheel turns will help - it will be almost impossible to drive a car.
10. It is better to provide in advance good grip tires with the road. To do this, use snow chains, studded tires or special winter tires. Brake gently with the engine, and the movement of the car will be controlled, and the likelihood of skidding will be greatly reduced.

How to brake correctly with a manual transmission in front of a traffic light

Every driver must know the rules of braking to protect himself and others.

Before a traffic light, you should slow down as taught in all modern cars schools:

1. Do not forget to include the desired gear when driving the car.
2. Change gears depending on the speed of the car to increase its mobility. This will save you if an unforeseen situation arises and you need to make a sharp maneuver.
3. If you want to stop the car completely, first reduce the speed to 5-10 km / h and depress the clutch at the same time as the brake.

Proper braking in emergency can save the life of both the driver and passengers.

Unfortunately, many, even experienced drivers with great experience do not always perform braking correctly. They often forget to change gears in accordance with the speed of the car, do not want to spend extra fuel on it or wear out the gearbox itself.

The lower the engine speed, the more abrupt the stop will be.

As mentioned above, when driving in gear, fuel is consumed in an increased volume. This is due to the need to constantly keep your foot on the gas pedal and maintain high engine speeds. If you stop pressing your foot on the gas pedal, then the car will stop from engine braking.

To prevent engine braking and engine wear when going down a slight slope, shift the transmission lever to neutral. Then the speed of the car will decrease smoothly, and fuel will be consumed less. In some situations, road conditions do not allow you to brake economically. Then, for safety reasons, it is better to resort to engine braking.

In some cases, engine braking is indispensable

Shift gears smoothly when braking

Vehicle movement on neutral gear it is unacceptable when driving along a mountain serpentine or from a sharp slope. To prevent overheating of the brake system, it is better to slow down by gradually shifting the car to lower gears. Also it will prevent too long braking distances which is dangerous for narrow roads in the mountains and eliminate the possibility of skidding and uncontrollability of the car due to overheating of the brake mechanism.

Do not use neutral gear while the vehicle is moving! It was created in order not to turn off the engine during a short stop of the car and to switch the gearbox to other speeds.

Driving can be made safer by slowing down and shifting into lower gears. Downshift if the tachometer needle drops to 2,500 rpm if you have a naturally aspirated car. gasoline engine, up to 2,000 rpm. - if the car is running on a turbo engine, up to 1,500 rpm. - for the engine running on diesel fuel. Start from the maximum torque value specific brand machine when shifting gears.

Racing braking

The order of braking racing cars different from the braking of city drivers

Racers often use downshifts when they need to brake on a sharp turn without losing speed. It is noteworthy that at the same time they do this not at 2500 rpm, as it is recommended to do in city driving conditions, but at much more high revs, until the tachometer needle is in the red zone.

In this case, the thrust of the engine contributes to a better entry into the turn and, accordingly, much faster overcoming the race track.

The driver's procedure is as follows - first he slows down, reducing the number of revolutions to 5.000, and then reduces the gear, while the number of revolutions increases. The driver abruptly enters the turn, while the tachometer needle may go off scale, and continues to move in a straight line at high speeds.

City braking

Compliance with safety measures will help to significantly save fuel

However, in urban areas there is a limit that is allowed in revolutions - this is 2,000-3,500 revolutions / min. During acceleration, the number of revolutions rises to 3.5 thousand per minute, and then drops to the previous level to continue moving at the same speed.

You must first change gear, and only then begin gradual braking. If there is a traffic light in front of which you need to brake, the driver is advised to downshift in advance, and then perform smooth braking. In this case, the number of revolutions of the engine remains at the same level. Braking without downshifting is not recommended. This can result in loss of engine speed.

How to slow down on the "mechanics". How to smoothly brake on the "mechanics":

In order to drive a car professionally, you need a lot of knowledge, experience and skills. Among other things, one should highlight such a nuance as engine braking. What is it and how to slow down on the "mechanics"? All this later in our article.

Why don't regular brakes always work?

As we know, the most unexpected situations can happen on the road. Therefore, during the movement you need to be prepared for anything. In particular, do not overload brake system car. It concerns brake disc(drum) and pads. Why can't these elements be heated? Everything is very simple. From the lessons of physics, we know that during friction, the parts heat up; Specifically, in our case, that surface of the pads, which is called the friction material, can simply stick (tightly solder) to the disc. As a result, the car becomes uncontrollable, it leads to a skid. That is why in mountainous areas and serpentines it is important to learn how to slow down on the "mechanics".

What's the secret?

The essence of this technology is very simple - instead of slowing down the wheels with the help of pad friction, we slow down the engine itself, while the entire braking system is in a calm state. That is, the motor slows down "in gear", respectively, the forces transmitted to the wheels will no longer be as large as before. This application of the brakes makes the trip not only comfortable, but also safe.

Advantages of using the method

First of all, the use of this method of braking increases the stability of the vehicle against skidding, since the wheels are not blocked by blocks using the braking system. For this reason, most professional drivers recommend using it in the most dangerous situations. Also, the use of transmission allows you to increase the resource of the pads. And, most importantly, the disk (or drum) itself does not heat up when the speed decreases. And this means that the risk of brake failure (which often happens when driving on mountainous sections of the road) is reduced to zero.

How to brake smoothly on the "mechanics"?

Use cases this method there are about ten. But the most common of them are only two. So, let's look at how to properly brake on the "mechanics".

The process of reducing the speed of the engine occurs in several stages:

• The driver releases the gas. The pedals on the “mechanics” are located so that the accelerator and brake are controlled by the right foot, and the clutch is controlled by the left.
• The clutch engages a downshift. Depending on the speed, it can be 4th or 3rd speed.
• When the tachometer needle and speed begin to drop noticeably, second or third gear is engaged. This is done only when the driver feels that braking on the “mechanics” no longer gives the desired effect (the car drives like it is coasting).
• Similarly, the whole process occurs before the inclusion of the first gear. How to stop on "mechanics"? The very same stop is performed when using the brake system (when the vehicle speed is 5-10 or less kilometers per hour).

About deceleration

It is important to remember that the wrong choice of gear can ruin the engine. Most often, when the speeds do not match, the car "pecks" with its nose, and the tachometer needle is at its maximum maximum values. This is a great discomfort for both the driver and the car itself.

What to do if the checkpoint is switched incorrectly?

Using this method for the first time, you can not guess exactly which gear should be included. In order not to heavily load the crankshaft, try to “play” with the clutch, that is, as you move, gently press or release it. Also, when turning on the reduced speed, you can increase the engine speed by pressing the gas pedal with your foot. This will significantly reduce jerk and smooth out the braking effect, making it smoother.

Remember that for each speed limit has its own transmission. At a speed of more than 70 kilometers per hour, in no case should you start from the third (if you have a “five-step”). If you turn on a lower speed (for example, shift to “second” at 60 kilometers per hour), the wheels will immediately lose traction and will spontaneously scroll. And this threatens to get the car into a skid. Remember that revolutions from 3.5 thousand are for gasoline internal combustion engines extremely high. That is, the car will slow down more than when you press the brake pedal to the floor.

When using this method of speed reduction, it is important to pay attention to a few rules. First, you should always pay attention to engine speed. For gasoline ICEs, 2.5 thousand is the very moment at which you need to switch to a lower speed. When the tachometer needle shows 1 thousand revolutions on the scale, we squeeze the clutch and move on to the next gear. It is best to follow in order - first 4th, then 3rd, 2nd and further - the first speed. Secondly, effective braking is achieved not with the use of one gear, but with subsequent switching to lower gears. Thirdly, the inclusion of other speeds is accompanied by a slight overgassing. This action reduces the load on the gearbox and clutch disc, and also prevents jerks when driving.

How to brake on the "mechanics" in winter?

Every motorist knows how much the behavior of the car changes on slippery area roads. The quality of adhesion to the roadway and wheels under such conditions is reduced several times. Accordingly, the risk of falling into a skid is very high. Therefore, in order to avoid frequent accidents, all imported cars Since the mid-2000s, they have been equipped with an ABS system. But even she sometimes turns out to be inactive on the ice. Therefore, every driver must be able to properly handle the car, driving on icy conditions.

The main rule for using the engine braking effect is to downshift according to the speed of the car. And here, unlike dry asphalt pavement, any error and mismatch of transmission engine speed can become fatal. Therefore, if you want to learn how to brake on the “mechanics” in winter, remember that the gears must always be switched on in sequence. So the car will slow down smoothly and confidently. In this case, we will not affect the wheels and block them with the help of the brake system.

It also happens that the use of a lower gear cannot be used for one reason or another (for example, if you need to urgently stop the car). In this case, you need to use the brake pedal only intermittently. That is, gently press it and release it after 1-3 seconds. Then wait another 2 seconds and press again. So the car will not go into a skid either on ice or on dry pavement. But on mountain slopes, you should still use the transmission.

Fuel consumption

It should be noted that when using the principle of engine braking, the machine will not have excessive fuel consumption. It will remain the same as when using the brake pedal. And all because during the speed reduction we do not affect the accelerator, respectively, the level of fuel supply to the cylinders remains zero. This continues until we need to accelerate again.

But there are cases when for greater fuel economy it is better to use the effect of "rolling". Its essence lies in the fact that the engine is idling for some time, and the gearshift lever itself is in the neutral position. Rollover is best used on long descents or before traffic lights when you don't need to slow down quickly.

How effective is this method?

As practice shows, the use of coasting significantly affects fuel consumption from a positive point of view. So, if a car consumes up to 10 liters of fuel per 1 kilometer of the way, then when driving in neutral, this figure will be 1 liter per 15 kilometers, which is 1.5 times less than what is laid down by the manufacturer.

Where not to use rollover?

Driving in neutral gear is strictly prohibited in mountainous areas, that is, when the car is going down serpentines. In this case, it will quickly pick up speed, which can only be slowed down by strongly depressing the brake pedal. If you do this several times in a row, you can easily burn the brake system. Then, when you next press the pedal, the car will not stop, but will pick up even more of an already frantic speed.

According to the rules for such unfortunate motorists, special catching "dead ends" are provided (such can be seen on the Crimean roads). Therefore, so that your brakes do not suddenly fail, never use coasting when driving on serpentines - always brake with the engine, switching to lower gears.

Does it harm the car?

We have already found out how to properly brake on the "mechanics", now about whether this method is safe for the engine itself. In fact, the use of this effect is absolutely harmless to the engine, gearbox and all other components of the car. Increasing the RPM for a few seconds has never caused overhaul engine. Therefore, you should not believe people who claim that engine braking aggravates the operation of the machine and all its mechanisms. The main thing is to follow the sequence of all actions.

Conclusion

So, we figured out how to brake the engine on the "mechanics". Remember that this method significantly reduces the risk of the car entering a skid, so try to use it as often as possible. If you know how to properly brake on the "mechanics", your level of car ownership becomes an order of magnitude more professional.

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How to properly brake on the mechanics? Part 1

In one of the previous articles, I talked about how to slow down properly, in general. But for many drivers, the question remains: “How to brake properly in a car with a manual transmission?”. And here a lot of related questions arise: to depress the clutch pedal or not, to turn on the neutral or not, to downshift or brake in one gear, and so on. Let's talk...

I’ll clarify right away that in most of the article we will talk about service, regular, everyday braking. At the end of the article, I will also talk about emergency braking on the mechanics. And to begin with, I will list the main ideas from the three previous articles: "Engine torque", "Coasting" and "Cons of the machine".

What is safe driving?

You drive safely if at any time you have the opportunity to make a maneuver that would allow you to avoid an accident. The maneuver can be done in three main ways:

1. Change of direction of movement (steering wheel action)

2. Braking:

• braking with a service brake (pressing the brake pedal)
• engine braking (releasing the gas pedal)

3. Acceleration (pressing the gas pedal)

If the tire grip is good and the car is in good working order, it will always respond well to your actions with the steering wheel and brake - turn or brake. With the gas pedal, that is, with acceleration and engine braking, the situation is more complicated. "Gas" is not always active, but only when the following conditions are met:

1. Transmission must be enabled.

2. The gear must be engaged in which the engine has a reserve of thrust.

Transmission must be enabled

That is, you do not coast: do not squeeze the clutch and do not turn on the neutral gear. As soon as you switched to coasting, you lost the gas pedal as a car control tool.

Hence the first conclusion: on the "mechanics" it is correct to slow down in gear until it comes to a complete stop. Completely eliminate coasting from your daily driving.

Let's remember why we depress the clutch pedal when braking? To keep the engine from stalling. And when the engine stalls? When it drops below idle. Usually idle is 800 rpm on the tachometer, and somewhere up to 500 the motor still “endures”, twitches, but works. Below 500 - goes off. And remember that the engine will not stall either at 2000 rpm, or at 1500 rpm, and even more so at 3000 rpm. But only below idle. Therefore, feel free to brake with the gear engaged and watch the tachometer. It is clear that you do not look all the time, but periodically cast a quick glance. The main attention is on the road ahead and also briefly - in the rear-view mirror (what if the car behind you does not have time to slow down after you?). Look at the tachometer and depress the clutch pedal when the needle approaches 1000 rpm.

Perhaps you are now thinking that we also depress the clutch pedal or put it in neutral when braking to save fuel? This is not so, because modern machines when braking in gear, the fuel supply to the engine is completely stopped, while when coasting, the engine consumes 1-2 liters of fuel per hour. Read more about this in the article "Coasting".

Remember: a neutral gear is a technological necessity and is needed only so that the driver can change gears and the engine can work when the car is stopped. But not in order to turn on the neutral while driving! The same goes for the clutch pedal. It is needed so that you can smoothly start, change gears and not stall during a stop. And not to squeeze it out while driving.

Must have engine thrust

The transmission is not just any, but the one that will provide the maximum torque mode and engine thrust reserve. In other words, when braking, the tachometer needle should not fall below 2500 rpm (except for I and II gears), if we are talking about standard atmospheric gasoline engine. If the engine is supercharged gasoline, this line is lower - in the region of 2000 rpm. If you have a diesel, this line is even lower - in the region of 1500 rpm.

What does this mean for us in practice? And the fact that you need not just to brake in gear, but to shift into lower gears as the speed decreases in order to maintain the operating speed of the engine.

If you remember, in the article "Engine Torque" I wrote about two zones of the tachometer: economical and high-speed. For an atmospheric gasoline engine, the boundary between these zones is in the region of 3000-3500 rpm. This means that during normal acceleration, you need to shift gears up each time the tachometer needle reaches these values. It feels like acceleration in each gear up to 3000 rpm is smooth, calm, and if you “twist” it to 3500, acceleration will be a little more active, “alive”. But something else is more important - after each shift to 3500, the arrow drops to the region of 2500 rpm, after which the driver again continues to accelerate to 3500. As a result, when accelerating, the arrow “walks” from 2500 to 3500 rpm and back on each gear shift up.

Similarly, the tachometer needle should behave when braking: slow down (engine or brake, it doesn’t matter) and look at the tachometer. As soon as the arrow has reached 2500 rpm, turn on a lower gear, and the arrow rises to the 3500 rpm region. Continue braking and wait until it drops to 2500 again. Again turn on the low gear and so on until the second gear, where you already slow down to a complete stop. And depress the clutch pedal when the tachometer needle approaches 1000 rpm, after which you already coast down to a complete stop of the car.

Why do you need torque when braking?

I expect from your side the question: “What is all this for? Why can't you just hit the brakes and stop?" Of course, you can just hit the brakes. But in driving a car, many actions and their consequences are probabilistic. By doing one or the other, we increase or decrease the likelihood of an accident. And braking on the principle of “just a brake” is quite safe from the point of view of braking itself, but not at all safe from the point of view of “what if something happens during braking”. I'll give you a couple of examples.

Rear collision avoidance

Let's imagine a situation: you are approaching a turn, you are going to turn left, turn on the “turn signal” and start to slow down. Your speed was, let's say, 60 km/h, you were driving in fourth gear and you brake in it. Before the start of braking, the tachometer showed something around 2000 rpm, after which the arrow went lower as the speed decreased. Suddenly, in the rear-view mirror, you found a car rapidly approaching you, which clearly does not have time to slow down and strives to drive into your trunk, which even nervously signals you with headlights and a “beep”. Exit? Abandon the turn and drive straight ahead, stop braking and accelerate sharply. But in fact, you still have IV gear on, the tachometer already shows less than 1500 rpm, which means a complete loss of engine thrust (even if there is a turbine or diesel engine). You frantically trample the gas, but nothing happens, the car does not accelerate. There is no time to switch, and it’s also not clear which gear to turn on ...

Let's replay the situation: you brake and shift into lower gears as the engine speed decreases. And then you noticed a car flying at you from behind, and second gear is ready at hand, the tachometer shows 3000 rpm, the car obediently reacts to pressing the gas pedal and you briskly move forward, avoiding a collision.

Car demolition

Or another example. The turn of the road, you braked, entered the turn and already on the arc realized that the speed was too high. And now the front tires lose traction, the trajectory of the turn straightens out, and the car heads to the side of the oncoming lane ...

What to do if demolition begins? There are different options, but the most acceptable "civilian" option is to release the gas pedal, that is, apply engine braking, thereby reducing speed and waiting for the tires to regain traction. Then continue moving in the original direction.

As you understand, if a neutral gear was engaged in a turn, the reception described above is impossible in principle, since the car is not controlled by the gas pedal in neutral. Further, if the gear is still on, say, fifth, and the speed was 70 km / h, then the tachometer would show exactly less than 2000 rpm. This means that the engine thrust is at a minimum, and engine braking will be very weak.

Ideally, if the tachometer shows 3000-3500 rpm on the arc of a high-speed turn, which for 70 km / h on most cars corresponds to third gear. Then engine braking will have a clear effect and is more likely to stop the demolition of the car and avoid an accident.

And these are just two examples of many others where emergency acceleration or engine braking may be necessary.

Torque and safety

Hence the conclusion: when reducing speed, turn on lower gears, and then you will increase the safety of your movement. Shift into a lower gear every time the tachometer needle drops to 2500 rpm on a naturally aspirated gasoline engine, up to 2000 on a turbocharged gasoline engine and up to 1500 on diesel engine. It is possible and at higher speeds, this is already at your discretion. But definitely not at lower ones, I present here the lower averaged limits. I recommend that you clarify the values ​​\u200b\u200bof the maximum torque for your car and start from this when shifting gears.

It is especially important to turn on a lower gear when driving in a turn, since the car in an arc is much less stable than in a straight line. Details and practice - in the courses "Magic shifting", "Driving on a race track" and "MBA Driver's Course: Mastery of Driving a Car".

By the way, pay attention to the tachometer of your car. It is numbered up to about 7000 rpm if you have a gasoline engine, and up to 5 thousand if you have a diesel engine. Think about it, for something in the car such high speeds are provided? And the question is: why, if the average driver keeps the speed in the region of 1500-2000? If you are one of those drivers, A good reason think about the right way to drive...

What comes first: braking or shifting gears?

I will dwell on the question “what first: we slow down, and then we switch, or we switch, and then we slow down?”. There are different opinions on this topic, and many racing drivers - professionals in their field - agree that you need to brake first, and only then switch. In particular, Mikhail Gorbachev, whom I respect, writes about this in his books.

In my opinion, not everything is so simple, I will make some clarifications, after which everything will fall into place. Once again, we answer the question: why do we shift gears down when braking? In order to maintain the engine speed we need and not lose engine traction. Why do we need engine thrust during braking - read more above, and here I will once again briefly describe the main points:

• for the possibility of intensive acceleration in order to avoid a collision;
• for the possibility of engine braking to avoid loss of control;
• to create an anti-lock effect on the brakes. This is true for older cars without ABS, and I will not consider this issue here. I will say briefly: if you have such a car - turn on low gears - and you will brake even safer.

There is one more thing - sports:

• for the possibility of intensive acceleration at the exit of the corner and to reduce the time spent on the race track.

Brake in racing

It is the last point that is most important for race driving and that is why racers always downshift when braking. At the same time, they switch not at medium speeds, as I recommend doing for city driving - at 2500 rpm, but at high ones: so that after switching the tachometer needle rises to the red zone. And the car in racing mode on a straight line goes in intensive acceleration mode, the tachometer needle is in the speed range and often reaches the red zone by the end of the straight line. It is clear that in this situation the driver cannot and should not shift before braking, because in this case the tachometer needle will go off scale. First it slows down, the rpm drops from maximum, say, from 7000 to 5000, after which it downshifts, raising the rpm again to maximum - 7000 rpm in our example.

Switch in the city

As for city driving, in normal modes the tachometer needle is usually in economy mode: 2000-3500 rpm. When accelerating, it reaches the upper limit of the zone - 3500 rpm, and during steady motion optimal speed- 2500 rpm. Now remember that it is desirable to switch down when the tachometer needle reaches just 2500 rpm. It turns out that in such a situation - first switching, then braking.

Sometimes they object to me, they say, while you switch, time will pass, and you will lose in braking. Friends, we're not racing. If you need to hit the brakes 100 meters before a traffic light, why not predict this in advance and start downshifting 110 meters away? And after switching - just 100 meters before the stop - go to braking, what's so difficult? Apply defensive driving skills!

You can, of course, first slow down, but we will immediately lose momentum, the tachometer needle will go down over 2000, then what's the point in switching at all? We switch not for the sake of physical exercises for the arms and legs, but for the sake of maintaining the engine speed we need. This means that we must do this in a timely manner and be guided by the readings of the tachometer, and not by the moment you press the brake pedal. If the speed is high and it is too early to switch, brake, and then switch. If the speed is already low, and it's time to switch - switch and brake later. Downshifting and braking are two independent processes, they can exist either together or separately from each other. The driver may not touch the brake pedal at all, but only brake with the engine and downshift. Then the phrase “first we press the brake, and then we switch” does not make sense at all.

So, friends, be flexible and use these or those driving techniques wisely.

The following article contains specific braking techniques and recommendations for their use.

Ending to be...

Kaminsky.su

How to properly brake on the mechanics before a traffic light and turn

Manual: smooth engine braking before traffic lights and turning

It happens that even motorists with driving experience do not know how to properly brake. Note that if your car is equipped with an automatic transmission, then not all the braking rules on the mechanics can be applied. To slow down, you only need to use the brake pedal. A manual transmission requires some braking skills. In addition, the practical part of the exam for obtaining a driver's license is taken on a car with a manual transmission.

Using a manual transmission requires the driver to have some braking skills.

Why you need the ability to brake on the mechanics

It is no secret that driving safely means being able, if necessary, to perform a maneuver that allows you to avoid a traffic accident. That means:

1. Possibility to change the direction of movement using the steering.
2. Perform braking:
   • working brake system;
   • engine (with the gas pedal released).
3. Accelerate, if necessary, by pressing the gas pedal.

Proper mechanical braking means moving in gear until the stop is complete. Coasting should be completely excluded from everyday driving.

How to brake the engine on the mechanics

If it is necessary to reduce the speed on the mechanics and make a stop on the slopes, in ice or rain, you must perform the following chain of actions:

1. Release the gas pedal.
2. Slowly press the brake pedal.
3. At the last moment before the final stop, depress the clutch to prevent the engine from stopping.
4. Shift into neutral.
5. Release the pedals.

The ability to brake the engine is vital, for example, in ice, but this is also worth learning

If there is a need for mechanical braking in dry weather on an ideal road surface, perform the following actions:

1. Fully release the gas pedal.
2. Squeeze the clutch with your left foot until it stops.
3. Slowly, without sudden jerks, press the brake pedal with your right foot until the stop is completed.
4. After stopping, turn on the neutral speed.
5. Release all pedals. Moreover, it is not recommended to throw the gas pedal. It's best to do things smoothly.
6. When leaving the car, do not forget to use the parking brake.

How to brake smoothly on the mechanics

To slightly reduce the speed of the car, slow down, you need to release the gas pedal, and then, without touching the clutch, briefly and gently press the brake pedal, without fear that the engine may stall. If you intend to reduce the speed of the car so that it will be necessary to shift to a lower gear, you will have to use the clutch pedal.

What does engine braking mean?

To be able to brake the engine is vital, for example, in ice. The so-called emergency braking is also found in the examination papers.

On slippery road surfaces, three braking techniques are used:

• intermittent;
• stepped.

Engine braking involves sequential actions of the driver:

• resetting the fuel supply without disengaging the clutch;
• depress the clutch pedal;
• turn on a lower speed gear;
• re-engage the clutch.

Thus, the number of revolutions of the engine will increase, and the speed will decrease. The working brake system can smoothly slow down the car. The braking effect from combining the described methods is no less than from braking with traditional pads.

Engine braking on ice is the preferred method due to the fact that the wheels are out of control when locked on ice. On the other hand, if the wheel of the car rolls, even partially slipping, minimal controllability is provided.

How to properly brake on the mechanics before turning

Skidding on corners is not uncommon and happens due to the poor condition of the roads under the front and rear wheels, as well as the slope of the road.

Skidding on corners occurs for various reasons, which include, for example, the unequal state of the roadway under the front and rear wheels, the slope of the road. Skidding and skidding of the car also happen from non-simultaneous blocking of the wheels. It is much easier to stop a skid at the very beginning, when the car has not yet left the trajectory.

If a drift has already occurred, you should follow a few tips:

1. In no case do not press the brake pedal - this will complicate the situation, as the car will become uncontrollable.
2. Don't use the clutch pedal either - that doesn't make any sense.
3. The situation is complicated by a sharp release of the gas pedal.
4. If you have a rear-wheel drive car, slowly reduce the engine speed.
5. If you own a front-wheel drive car, increase the RPM to stop the skid with traction from the steered wheels.
6. Turn the steering wheel only in the direction of skidding: the rear of the car skids to the right - turn the steering wheel to the right quickly, but without sudden movements. Moderation in steering is good here.

In neutral gear, the control of the machine is not affected by the gas pedal. Therefore, turning into neutral on a turn will lead to terrible consequences - loss of control over the car. It should also be borne in mind that even with, for example, fourth gear, at a speed of 60 km / h, the tachometer shows less than 2,000 rpm. With such a weak engine thrust, engine braking will be very insufficiently ineffective. Only effective engine braking can stop the car from skidding and an accident, provided that the engine thrust is 3,000-3,500 rpm. in third gear at a speed of 70 km / h.

Slippery hills are easily overcome if you choose the right speed and gear in advance. Changing it on the rise is inconvenient. Front wheel drive cars often skid on slippery slopes. You can try to go up the hill in reverse.

Engine braking on an icy downhill will be successful if 2nd gear is engaged at the beginning of the downhill movement. Pressing the brake turns the car into a sled. Sharp turns of the steering wheel will also not help to steer the car - it will go straight, despite the driver's best efforts to turn to the side.

Slightly improves the situation by increasing the grip of the tires with the road. The use of snow chains, studded tires, special winter tires can make driving a little easier on slippery road surfaces. If you brake the engine smoothly, measuredly and softly, the car will gain stability, the likelihood of such a nuisance as skidding will decrease.

Modern ABS somewhat simplifies driving on ice - anti-lock system, which does not allow the wheels to go into complete blocking, to lose control of the car. Before the invention of such a device, drivers could only rely on their skill when skidding. ABS work imitates intermittent pressing of the brake, preventing the wheels from entering the lock. It is worth considering that ABS does not give precise controllability, so it is better to brake in advance in order to enter the maneuver at the correct speed.

How to properly brake on the mechanics before a traffic light

On a hard surface in dry weather in front of a traffic light, it is more profitable to slow down by simultaneously pressing the brake and clutch

The rules for braking on mechanics, which are taught by driving schools, read:

1. The movement of the car must occur with the gear engaged.
2. The driver constantly changes gear according to the speed of the car in order to be ready to quickly perform the necessary maneuver.
3. Only to stop when the car is moving at a speed of 5-10 km per hour, the brake clutch is released to stop the car.

Practice shows that few drivers use the correct method of engine braking, as they get tired of frequent downshifts, fuel consumption increases, and the gearbox wears out faster. Of course, on a hard surface in dry weather, it is more profitable to slow down by simultaneously pressing the brake and clutch.

Driving in gear and fuel consumption

During the movement of the car in gear, fuel is consumed in an increased amount. Keeping your foot on the gas pedal, high engine speeds require fuel consumption. The cessation of pressure on the gas pedal causes the car to stop from engine braking, and the lower the gear, the faster the car stops. When descending a slight slope, the optimal position of the gear lever will be neutral, which prevents engine braking. In such a situation, the speed of the car drops much more slowly than in gear, since the car is slowed down only by the friction force of the wheels on the roadway and air resistance. This saves a lot of fuel.

The method allows, with an engine size of 1.4-1.6, to overcome 12-15 km on one liter of fuel in the city without congestion. And some drivers manage to drive even 20 km on one liter. But there are situations when it is not possible to brake in an economical way due to road conditions. Then the ability to brake with the help of the engine is more than ever useful.

Cases where engine braking is indispensable

Such cases include situations when it is strictly forbidden to drive a car in neutral - movement from the mountains, along mountain serpentines. Without engine braking with multiple downshifts, there is a risk of overheating of the braking system, a quarter of the braking distance, and a risk of control failure caused by severe brake overheating.

It is important to remember that the neutral speed is designed solely for the driver to shift gears and so that the engine of a stopped car can run, and not for use while the car is moving. The neutral is also designed to smoothly start the movement of the car, keep the engine running while the vehicle is stopped.

When reducing the speed, the inclusion of lower gears increases the safety of your movement.

When the speed decreases, the inclusion of lower gears increases traffic safety. It is recommended to downshift when lowering the tachometer needle to 2,500 rpm. if you have a car with a naturally aspirated gasoline engine, up to 2,000 rpm. - with a car on a turbo engine, up to 1,500 rpm. - for the engine running on diesel fuel. These are the lower averages. It should be based on the values ​​​​of the maximum value of the torque of a particular brand of car when shifting gears. So, it was mentioned above the need to engage a lower gear to increase stability in the turning arc.

Racing braking

The rider first brakes, reducing the speed to 5,000, and then shifts into a lower gear, while raising the speed

Downshifting is a trick riders always use when braking, and it's not done at 2500rpm. as drivers do in the city, but at high speeds, when the tachometer needle is in the red zone. Engine thrust during braking is needed to accelerate the exit from the turn, the speedy passage of the track. Therefore, the rider first slows down, reducing the speed to 5,000 so that the tachometer needle does not go off scale, and then shifts into a lower gear, while raising the speed.

City braking

By determining the need to slow down at a traffic light, the driver can shift down and apply braking in advance

The normal mode of engine operation in fuel economy mode is when the tachometer needle reaches 2,000-3,500 rpm. At the same time, at the acceleration stage, an upper limit of 3,500 rpm is acceptable, with a decrease to 2,500 rpm. while maintaining speed. In a city situation, the gear shifts first, and then braking follows. By detecting the need to slow down at a traffic light, the driver can downshift ahead of time and apply the brakes. The desired engine speed is maintained. If the driver immediately brakes using the service brake system, the engine will lose speed.

Good article, thanks! As it turned out, most situations slowed down intuitively correctly.

I'm still trying to get used to driving like a pro: almost never use the brakes, but calculate the speed. So the pads, discs and brake lights will last much longer. ? Sometimes I notice such drivers on the road, I follow them and “learn”.

I am an experienced driver and have tried to brake with the help of the engine more than once. I will say more, in winter, when you drive on ice, you try not to touch the brake pedal once again. First you release the gas, and then slowly start to slow down. When I first started driving, I even turned around a couple of times from braking with the box turned off.

To be honest, it’s better not to go into ice AT ALL, since there is practically no braking in such cases (from personal experience). There are of course certain rules for driving in such conditions: - low speed; - extreme concentration of attention; - appropriate vehicle equipment ( winter tires with spikes or chains).

But even so, the possibility of getting into an accident greatly increases in ice.

http://vk.com/id242395716 Nikolai Gurov

The article revealed in detail all the nuances of such a method of driving a car. me, like experienced driver with experience, there is also something to learn and try out in practice from these tips. I especially liked the concretization of cases and the description of actions in the current situation. Reading such information once again will not hurt, and taking out a useful essence from it is only beneficial.

Useful tips. I try to stick to this approach to braking in life. Engine braking is really safer. I think that one should responsibly approach the choice of speed mode in order to reduce the likelihood of emergency braking. I prefer to ride on the mechanics, so I will definitely take note of the content of the article.

http://vk.com/id20940008 Oksana Slautina

And I often use braking with the help of the engine. Especially on ice, this is very handy. But the leg already stretches to press the brake. But it's just a summer habit. Then I get used to it ... Tips are really useful!

I often heard stories about how the brakes fail at speed and you have to brake in gears. But I haven't come across this!

And I was lucky. My instructor, along with learning to drive, taught me engine braking as well. Moreover, he explained all the nuances. And often, when braking in bad weather or ice, I remember him with a warm word. But I know that not all instructors do this. It's a pity.

To brake, as you write - with gears, in the event of a brake failure, you still need to be able to. And before the traffic lights, I personally switch to neutral in advance and slow down a little bit. Very often I am lucky: when I approach the intersection, the light changes to green and I, quickly shifting into second gear, vigorously pick up speed and pull ahead.

You have to brake with the engine not only in ice, but also in very sad events. There is such a situation when the brakes of the car "disappear" and under such circumstances the ability to brake the engine literally saves people's lives. Personally, for myself, I modeled such a situation and thoroughly practiced this skill. I strongly recommend everyone to work in this regard.

http://avtomotospec.ru

legkoe-delo.ru

How to brake properly. Braking on manual and automatic transmission. extreme situations

For experienced car owners it will not be a big deal to choose the right method of braking in the current situation. At the same time, beginners often get confused in new road conditions, which often leads to traffic accidents. A big advantage for a newbie on the road is that theory comes easily to them. And, keeping in mind the basic requirements of traffic rules, it is much easier to use them in real situations.

Basic braking rules

When searching best way braking, it is necessary to start, first of all, from the gearbox of your car: a manual gearbox or an automatic transmission. All future manipulations of the motorist are directly dependent on the type of transmission of the car.

How to properly brake on the mechanics

For proper braking at a manual transmission in front of a traffic light, it is necessary to take into account both the characteristics of the car, weather conditions, and the condition of the roadbed. Suppose you have to stop at a traffic light on a road with a smooth, dry asphalt surface.

We perform the following sequence of actions:

1. The left foot is depressing the clutch.
2. The left foot remains on the clutch pedal, the right foot depresses the brake pedal.

These actions must be performed smoothly in order to prevent a sudden stop, standing ten meters before the traffic light and not “catch a kiss” from the car behind. When the car comes to a complete stop, it is necessary, while holding the clutch and brake depressed, to turn on the first speed, which will allow you to immediately start moving when the permissive signal lights up.

Proper braking with an automatic transmission

Is it possible to brake with an automatic transmission engine? Certainly! Moreover, it is very easy for a beginner to brake on a car with automatic equipment. In this case, it is necessary to carefully release and again press the brake pedal until the car stops rolling.

We brake urgently

When emergency braking is required, a number of factors must be considered:

1) the possibility of demolition of the machine in the skid and skidding

2) No need to simultaneously taxi and brake. This is very risky, as it will certainly lead to loss of control. An obstacle suddenly appeared ahead - first you need to press the brake, then immediately in front of the obstacle, start turning the steering wheel, while depressing the brake pedal.

Braking in extreme weather conditions

Being able to slow down and stop on a dry road surface in a manual or automatic transmission is not the most important thing. It is much more difficult for a novice driver to prevent skidding or skidding. The most important thing is to learn how to properly brake your car in cold weather on slippery road surfaces.

How is it necessary to brake on a manual gearbox and at the same time prevent skidding and skidding in icy conditions? First of all, you need to drive a car more calmly than in summer time years on good and not wet asphalt.

On a wet or icy road, in snow, due to poor adhesion of the vehicle wheel surface to the road surface, the braking distance increases several times.

Even if you have foreseen worsening weather conditions and “dressed” your car in winter “shoes”, be careful, drive your car more smoothly, start braking in advance. Remember: driving in the summer and in the cold season are two completely different styles of driving your car.

Apply engine braking to correct stop on a manual transmission on an icy road surface. This method can be used not only in icy conditions. But first, let's understand what engine braking is and why you should use it only in limited driving situations.

Engine braking features

This type of braking can be used in a number of situations:

• It is necessary to stop or brake on a steep or long descent,
• The brake pedal failed.

What does engine braking mean? In fact, this method should be called braking not by the engine, but using the gear lever. Although, if we evaluate it in terms of the impact it has on the mechanisms of the machine, in this case the engine is mentioned here quite rightly.

To start engine braking, you need to release the accelerator pedal, then you need to alternately switch from high speed gears to low ones.

Please note: you need to perform these actions one by one.

If you go from 5th gear directly to 1st, you will immediately lose control of your vehicle. In this case, the car will go into a skid, in addition, it can disrupt the engine. It will be a great success if on your way in this case there will be a flat open field, and not an oncoming lane with rushing cars, or another no less dangerous obstacle.

Automatic engine braking

To use engine braking on an automatic transmission, you should pay attention to the advice of experienced drivers. There is nothing particularly complicated here. Before driving downhill, downshift to D3, and on steeper descents, feel free to downshift to D2 (L). For application additional braking use the Hold button.

Anti-lock braking system

Another discovery of modern automotive industry can be called anti-lock ABS system. With a sharp press on the brake pedal, the wheels of the car will not slip into the skid, but will remain under the control of the car computer.

Under normal driving conditions with ABS equipped motor vehicle braking distance is greatly reduced. Extreme situations, when the wheels of the car break into a skid or slip, are minimized. A car equipped with ABS does not skid.

If your car has such a system, questions of proper braking with ABS are unnecessary, just start braking. At some points on slippery road surfaces or in other difficult road conditions, the brake pedal begins to tremble and press back on the driver's foot. Don't worry, it's the ABS system, keep braking confidently.

A number of car models are now equipped with a work off button ABS systems. Sometimes experienced car owners use this function. But even for them, we do not recommend turning off the system! If your car does not have such a button, and you still need to turn off the ABS, then this can be easily done by removing the fuse responsible for its operation.

There is an opinion that the use of the ABS system leads to an increase in the braking distance. Such an opinion will be true only under the following conditions:

1. The road surface is uneven and loose. For example, gravel or sand cover, deep snow. Under such conditions, a car not equipped with ABS, with blocked wheels, is more likely to “burrow” and stop moving. It is under such conditions experienced car enthusiasts and apply the anti-lock braking system deactivation function.
2. "Bald" tires. Driving on such tires becomes much more dangerous on a car equipped with ABS.

ABS has a number of undeniable advantages that make braking easier in difficult conditions:

• There is no need to make a series of fast and intermittent applications of the brake pedal - ABS is activated with 1 long application
• The car remains under the complete control of the driver.
• Even sharp maneuvering at higher speeds is now possible, as the ABS braking system is more responsive and confident.

What to do in case of brake failure

1. Warn other drivers! Signal and turn on emergency lights
2. At low speeds, it makes sense to apply a handbrake. We press the button and smoothly raise the lever, while paying attention to clicks, do not allow sudden braking and blocking of the car's wheels.
3. Handbraking is not possible for some reason? Brake the engine! In critical conditions, it is necessary to turn off the ignition, turn on the first speed. In this case, a breakdown of the gearbox or engine is guaranteed, but life is much more important.
4. Can't stop? Then look for items that can serve as a deterrent. The damage from a collision with them should be minimal. Thickets of bushes, snowdrifts, heaps of garbage will do.

Regardless of what gearbox your car is equipped with, on what road surface you are moving, you, first of all, need to be firmly confident in your capabilities. That is why, before you get behind the wheel of the vehicle heightened danger and leave for busy highway you have to learn how to brake properly.

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How to properly brake on the mechanics?

The question of choosing a car with a manual transmission baffles many modern owners. Now it has become more convenient to use the machine without loading yourself with unnecessary knowledge. Even modern driving schools give the choice of the right to drive a car on the machine or mechanics.

For most men, this is not a difficult task, but for the female gender, it is much more difficult to figure it out. It is worth noting that in a mechanical box there are three types of braking, these are:

• clutch for the brake (needed to stop the car completely, but at the same time it remains wound up);
• one pedal in the brake operation (for quick deceleration and gear shifting);
• the engine will stop the car itself (for slow deceleration and simultaneous shifting of the box to a lower gear).

How to brake at a traffic light on the mechanics?

Mastering the technology of braking a car is not so difficult. A traffic light is not a particular obstacle and requires sudden braking only in emergency cases. IN this case Clutch braking is perfect. The principle of its operation is as follows:

1. Gently press the brake pedal.
2. Depress the clutch before coming to a stop.
3. We press the brake pedal to the floor, the car stops, but does not stall.

If you know how to properly brake on this type of machine, then the problem will disappear on its own. Also, proper braking will help save gas and prolong the life of the gearbox and engine.

How to properly brake on the mechanics before turning?

In this case, it all depends on the speed of movement and the sharpness of the turn. Everyone knows that if there is a “dangerous turns” sign ahead of you, then you need to slow down to 20-40 km / h. With a normal approach, in this case, braking with one pedal is sufficient, while not changing the gearbox mode. The main thing is to carefully monitor the oncoming lane and the force of the skid, so as not to damage either your own or someone else's transport.

And the last case that needs to be disassembled is how to properly brake the engine on the mechanics. It is considered one of the easiest ways, because it requires almost no haste. The driver of a car moving on high speed, should not take any action, and the car will gradually slow down by itself. Going to lower speeds, you just need to shift the gearbox without adding gas or applying the brakes. This method is only suitable for a long road with great overview visibility.

Drivers who have been driving for quite a long time know how necessary it is for their own safety not only to observe traffic rules, but also to develop the correct driving technique. This is especially important if the car has a manual transmission. After all, how safe it is to drive a mechanic depends more on the ability to brake correctly than on compliance with the speed limit. Let's consider the question of how to properly brake on the mechanics (see video "How to brake properly" below).

It is very important for the driver to master the braking technique and be able to instantly apply it in extreme situations, for example, when there is ice or when you need to sharply fit into a turn. If you do not already have such skills, then it is best for you to adopt already developed driving and braking techniques in order to feel more confident in critical situations on the roads.

1. It is important during learning to drive to get used to the fact that when you enter a turn or slow down, you need to keep the gear in the active (not neutral) state. In general, you don’t need to get used to driving at neutral speed, since it is when driving in neutral that the driver involuntarily loses the ability to brake with the engine - the driver has the ability to brake with the engine only when the gear is in active state.

In addition, when driving at neutral speed, the car cannot pick up speed quickly, and therefore, there is a high probability of hitting it. emergency when back on high speed traffic is flowing.

Another weighty argument against the "neutral": driving "coasting" is completely unprofitable, because it leads to excessive fuel consumption - about 2 liters for every 100 kilometers.

2. The function of a gearbox in a car is to transfer torque from the engine to the wheels. Engine speeds are divided into ranges, and each speed range corresponds to a specific gear.

For example, a sharp overtaking or rebuilding. If the driver performs these maneuvers, then it is necessary that the gear should be more than 2500 revolutions - in this case, the speed will increase more noticeably and sharply.

When braking on a wet or icy road, braking without wheel slip and the risk of skidding can be done using manual transmission gears. Since each gear operates within a certain range of speeds, when changing from a higher gear to the next lower gear, engine braking will occur. The motor does not allow the wheels to spin faster than it would allow when the gear was higher. In this case, switching to a lower speed must be done at medium speeds - otherwise the gearbox may be damaged. It is best to do this in a gear of 4000-3000 rpm.

Ways of safe braking

1. Engine braking. It is considered the best braking option, as it can be used in most extreme situations– wet road, icing, traffic jams, breakdowns of the brake system. It is carried out with the help of a sequential transition from higher gears to lower gears and regassing.

2. Combined braking. The method is similar to the previous one with only one difference - braking is carried out simultaneously with a smooth pressure on the brake pedal. This method is good in a situation where you need to urgently slow down, when there is too little time to brake on your own with the engine.

3. Rolling motion. This method is applicable only in emergency cases, or when the movement occurs at low speeds. It is highly undesirable to use this method in normal driving, since the risk of getting into an emergency situation increases many times over.

4. Combined braking and plus constant transmission. This method gives the driver the opportunity to brake with the engine, but there is a major drawback - it is likely that the engine will lose traction, and then the driver will completely lose control over the current situation.

5. Harsh braking . This is a common type of braking, which is used in emergency cases. The driver simply sharply presses on the brake pedal and at the same time on the clutch - until the car comes to a complete stop.

Strange as it may seem, but if you brake correctly on a manual gearbox, you can even save fuel, and even engine life.

Efficient braking rules

1. Do not drive or brake in neutral.

2. Reduce the speed smoothly, using the transitions from one gear to the next, while changing gears, the tachometer should show 2500 rpm.

3. Do not forget that, when switching from a higher gear to a lower one, it is necessary to do a regassing. So you save clutch life and avoid jerks while driving.

4. Watch the tachometer. Stop the vehicle at 1000 rpm with the pedal fully depressed.

5. When you brake urgently, depress the clutch all the way - this will prevent the engine from completely stopping.

Conclusion. Following in practice all these recommendations will make the stay of the driver and his passengers on the road safe. Experts recommend - learn how to brake correctly, do it masterfully, bring this skill to automaticity - and then you will be able to quickly and adequately respond to any critical situation on the road.

Video: Mechanical Braking - The ABCs of Driving

These were the basics of proper braking on the mechanics. In any case, practice before putting this knowledge into practice. Good luck on the roads.

The question of how to brake in a car with a manual transmission often makes us think about the correctness of our actions behind the wheel. It is often not possible to ask experts a question, and braking occurs normally without special knowledge. But remember that improper braking on wet or slippery roads can cause serious trouble.

Therefore, it is better to learn how to properly brake on the mechanics using the capabilities of the engine. By the way, this is one of the serious advantages of a manual transmission. The machine will have to rely only on the brake pedal and other active safety features.

We brake with the engine - an express course for winter driving

When roads are covered with snow, there is a risk of skidding when lightly pressing the brake pedal. Experienced drivers try to forget about the existence of this pedal and use it as little as possible while driving. Of course, it is impossible to completely refuse braking with the help of a system designed for this, because the engine can only slow down the car, but not completely stop the car.

So, engine braking occurs as follows:

• determine in advance the moment when it is necessary to start decelerating;
• depress the clutch and downshift;
• then slowly release the clutch pedal and slow down;
• when the car slows down and takes free play, you need to downshift again.

A common mistake many drivers make in this process is engaging first gear at high speed. This leads to several backfire. Firstly, it becomes uncomfortable to drive in a car, the driver and passengers nod off every time they try to slow down. Secondly, such braking harms the gearbox by transferring too much torque from the wheels to the gearbox.

It is best to gradually downshift, but do it quickly. If you need to brake urgently, turn on the second gear and immediately after deceleration use the first one. After the final deceleration in first gear, apply the brake pedal to a complete stop.

Other rules for braking on a car with a manual transmission

There are several other features of braking on vehicles with a manual transmission. For example, even in a driving school, most drivers learn that a manual gearbox allows you to slow down the car and make it controllable if you do not turn off the gear. That is, don't shift into neutral every time you're about to stop.

This provides several important benefits:

• full control of the movement of the car and its deceleration;
• more elastic operation of the engine without sudden changes in loads;
• no unnecessary movements to turn on / off gears.

It is important not to overexpose the included gear for more than the recommended minimum. If you were driving in fourth gear but slowed down to 20 kilometers per hour, it is better to shift into neutral and continue to decide on desired mode trips. Otherwise, the engine will not withstand the load, the car will start to twitch, and the engine will simply stall. Such mistakes are often made by novice drivers, which leads to unpleasant situations on the road.

Riding and braking on mountain roads

Everyone knows that manufacturers put much stronger and thicker brake pads on cars with automatic transmissions. The fact is that when driving on a slope, a car equipped with a manual gearbox has a significant advantage over an automatic one.

You can control the speed and deceleration of the car with the gearbox, allowing the brakes to rest. The technique of driving a car with mechanics on mountain roads is as follows:

• it is strictly forbidden to turn off the gear and switch to neutral;
• when leaving the mountain we are guided general rules driving - increased speed to unload the engine;
• when driving downhill, use a lower gear and brake exclusively with the engine (as described above);
• you can slow down with the pedal only in cases where you need to turn, and the speed of the car is too high for this.

Such a driving technique will allow you to avoid getting into the deceleration lane in a mountain serpentine. If, nevertheless, the brake pads are worn out, and the car rolls uncontrollably down the mountain, you should calmly use the gearbox and slow down the car during the descent. No handbrakes or other methods of braking can be used here - this is unsafe.

Video:

Summing up

Owners of cars with manual transmissions have certain advantages in driving a car in mountainous areas, as well as in operating brake pads. However, you need to master the engine braking technique and get more benefits from driving a car with a manual transmission.

Remember that every skill you gain in driving a car allows you to move up one step and get more security in vehicle operation. Do you know of other ways to brake your car that are as safe as engine braking?

When the vehicle is in motion, it is always must be in gear, and the driver must select the necessary gear according to the speed of the car, since it is believed that in order to quickly perform any maneuver, it is better to be in gear. Only at a full stop, when the speed of the car is 5-10 km, the driver depress the clutch along with the brake and stops the car.

In real life, few people use this option of braking on mechanics, since it requires frequent downshifts, which is very tiring and adversely affects fuel consumption, and the technical condition of the gearbox, which applies to

How to quickly stop a car on a hard dry surface (asphalt)

If you need to quickly stop by car, then for this you need press the brake at the same time as the clutch. If you brake in gear, then your braking distance will be slightly, but longer, because in addition to stopping the car, you need to stop the engine. When the wheels are locked, the car stops faster, as it is on the verge of maximum adhesion of the wheels to the road, but when this car is completely out of control, since the wheels stopped spinning, and if the wheels do not spin, then the car does not respond to the steering wheel. The coefficient of adhesion of wheels to the road depends on many factors, read in more detail -. A car with ABS - an anti-lock braking system, is a universal tool, as it provides the fastest stopping of a car without losing control of it. The driver can press the pedal all the way to the "floor" without fear of blocking the wheels. ABS is great electronic assistant when driving a car, as it does not require focus on blocking the wheels.

Vehicle movement in gear and fuel economy

When the vehicle is in gear, car uses more gas, as it requires keeping your foot on the gas pedal and the higher the engine speed, the greater the fuel consumption. If you stop pressing on the gas, then the car will stop from engine braking and the lower the gear, the faster auto will stop. If you are driving down a slight incline, then the gear lever, to save fuel, better put in neutral, so there will be no motor braking effect. Of course, the speed of the car will drop, but not as fast as when driving in gear. Only the forces of air and the friction of the wheels on the asphalt will act on the car. Using this method, you can significantly save fuel. On average, a car with an engine capacity of 1.4 - 1.6 can drive on 1 liter of gasoline in urban areas without "traffic jams", according to passport data, about 12 - 15 km. But there are craftsmen who, using this method of movement and many other methods, can pass about 20 km per 1 liter.

In addition, there are cases when it is strictly forbidden to drive a car in neutral gear. These include movement along mountain serpentines or from the mountain, since without engine braking in low gear, the brakes will overheat and braking distance increases by an average of 25%, and with severe overheating, they can practically not stop the car. Also, moving in gear from a hill reduces fuel consumption, since the engine is spinning “not with gasoline”, but with “wheels”, thereby reducing the fuel supply.

How to brake properly on ice

As many people know, the grip of the wheels of a car on ice is weak, and in order to brake on it as productively as possible, certain methods and techniques must be applied. It is in our time most modern cars have ABS - anti-lock braking system, which prevents the wheels from completely blocking and losing control of the car. Cars of the 90s, 80s do not have such a control device, and all control of the car is entrusted to the driver. Therefore, there are several methods on how to properly brake on ice.

The most important rule for braking on ice is always be in gear and downshift according to car speed. When the car is in gear, it stops thanks to the engine - this concept is called engine braking. The car even stops and slowly, but surely, without blocking the wheels. Thus, it is possible to slow down with the brake pedal, which will be more effective when stopping, and this method will not allow the wheels to completely block, since traction is always maintained on the drive wheels.

one more effective way braking on ice is considered intermittent pressure on the brake pedal. This method mimics the operation of ABS, and will not let the wheels go skidding- complete loss of adhesion of the wheels of a coated car, in other words, block the wheels.

How to properly brake on ice

Each gear of the car's gearbox corresponds to the optimum speed. For a city car, this ratio is as follows, it is taken into account average power mode of the engine for slippery surfaces.

1 gear - 5-10 km / h;
2nd gear - 10-20 km / h;
3rd gear - 20-40 km / h;
4th gear - 40-60 km / h;
5th gear - 60-80 km / h;

It is recommended to turn on low gears according to the speed of the car, because if you turn on a very low gear, for example, turn on 2nd gear at a car speed of 60 km / h, then the engine speed will be over 4,000, and this is the power mode of the motor, and at bad grip wheels with the road, they can start to scroll which can cause the car to skid.

How to brake in front of a traffic light on a slippery surface

To brake in front of a traffic light or in front of the place where you need to stop to a complete stop, you need to stop the car in advance, since it is necessary to take into account many reasons that can increase stopping distance. This is especially true for those factors that impair the grip of the wheels of the car with the road.

Especially at the beginning of winter, when the temperature is plus and can suddenly drop to minus. The driver must be careful and remember this, because in such temperature changes in front of a traffic light rolling is formed - a thin slippery film, which is created from the friction of the wheels of a car and cold asphalt.

Proper engine braking on the mechanics is an effective way to brake on ice. Also, braking correctly on ice in front of a traffic light contributes to safe movement on the road.

Interesting news from the Internet

Manual: smooth engine braking before traffic lights and turning

It happens that even motorists with driving experience do not know how to properly brake. Note that if your car is equipped with an automatic transmission, then not all the braking rules on the mechanics can be applied. To slow down, you only need to use the brake pedal. A manual transmission requires some braking skills. In addition, the practical part of the exam for obtaining a driver's license is taken on a car with a manual transmission.

Using a manual transmission requires the driver to have some braking skills.

Why you need the ability to brake on the mechanics

It is no secret that driving safely means being able, if necessary, to perform a maneuver that allows you to avoid a traffic accident. That means:

1. Possibility to change the direction of movement using the steering.
2. Perform braking:
   • working brake system;
   • engine (with the gas pedal released).
3. Accelerate, if necessary, by pressing the gas pedal.

Proper mechanical braking means moving in gear until the stop is complete. Coasting should be completely excluded from everyday driving.

How to brake the engine on the mechanics

If it is necessary to reduce the speed on the mechanics and make a stop on the slopes, in ice or rain, you must perform the following chain of actions:

1. Release the gas pedal.
2. Slowly press the brake pedal.
3. At the last moment before the final stop, depress the clutch to prevent the engine from stopping.
4. Shift into neutral.
5. Release the pedals.

The ability to brake the engine is vital, for example, in ice, but this is also worth learning

If there is a need for mechanical braking in dry weather on an ideal road surface, perform the following actions:

1. Fully release the gas pedal.
2. Squeeze the clutch with your left foot until it stops.
3. Slowly, without sudden jerks, press the brake pedal with your right foot until the stop is completed.
4. After stopping, turn on the neutral speed.
5. Release all pedals. Moreover, it is not recommended to throw the gas pedal. It's best to do things smoothly.
6. When leaving the car, do not forget to use the parking brake.

How to brake smoothly on the mechanics

To slightly reduce the speed of the car, slow down, you need to release the gas pedal, and then, without touching the clutch, briefly and gently press the brake pedal, without fear that the engine may stall. If you intend to reduce the speed of the car so that it will be necessary to shift to a lower gear, you will have to use the clutch pedal.

What does engine braking mean?

To be able to brake the engine is vital, for example, in ice. The so-called emergency braking is also found in the examination papers.

On slippery road surfaces, three braking techniques are used:

• intermittent;
• engine braking;
• stepped.

Engine braking involves sequential actions of the driver:

• resetting the fuel supply without disengaging the clutch;
• depress the clutch pedal;
• turn on a lower speed gear;
• re-engage the clutch.

Thus, the number of revolutions of the engine will increase, and the speed will decrease. The working brake system can smoothly slow down the car. The braking effect from combining the described methods is no less than from braking with traditional pads.

Engine braking on ice is the preferred method due to the fact that the wheels are out of control when locked on ice. On the other hand, if the wheel of the car rolls, even partially slipping, minimal controllability is provided.

How to properly brake on the mechanics before turning

Skidding on corners is not uncommon and happens due to the poor condition of the roads under the front and rear wheels, as well as the slope of the road.

Skidding on corners occurs for various reasons, which include, for example, the unequal state of the roadway under the front and rear wheels, the slope of the road. Skidding and skidding of the car also happen from non-simultaneous blocking of the wheels. It is much easier to stop a skid at the very beginning, when the car has not yet left the trajectory.

If a drift has already occurred, you should follow a few tips:

1. In no case do not press the brake pedal - this will complicate the situation, as the car will become uncontrollable.
2. Don't use the clutch pedal either - that doesn't make any sense.
3. The situation is complicated by a sharp release of the gas pedal.
4. If you have a rear-wheel drive car, slowly reduce the engine speed.
5. If you own a front-wheel drive car, increase the RPM to stop the skid with traction from the steered wheels.
6. Turn the steering wheel only in the direction of skidding: the rear of the car skids to the right - turn the steering wheel to the right quickly, but without sudden movements. Moderation in steering is good here.

In neutral gear, the control of the machine is not affected by the gas pedal. Therefore, turning into neutral on a turn will lead to terrible consequences - loss of control over the car. It should also be borne in mind that even with, for example, fourth gear, at a speed of 60 km / h, the tachometer shows less than 2,000 rpm. With such a weak engine thrust, engine braking will be very insufficiently ineffective. Only effective engine braking can stop the car from skidding and an accident, provided that the engine thrust is 3,000-3,500 rpm. in third gear at a speed of 70 km / h.

Slippery hills are easily overcome if you choose the right speed and gear in advance. Changing it on the rise is inconvenient. Front-wheel drive cars often skid on slippery slopes. You can try to go up the hill in reverse.

Engine braking on an icy downhill will be successful if 2nd gear is engaged at the beginning of the downhill movement. Pressing the brake turns the car into a sled. Sharp turns of the steering wheel will also not help to steer the car - it will go straight, despite the driver's best efforts to turn to the side.

Slightly improves the situation by increasing the grip of the tires with the road. The use of snow chains, studded tires, special winter tires can make driving on a slippery road surface somewhat easier. If you brake the engine smoothly, measuredly and softly, the car will gain stability, the likelihood of such a nuisance as skidding will decrease.

Somewhat simplifies driving on ice with modern ABS - an anti-lock braking system that does not allow the wheels to go into complete blocking and lose control of the car. Before the invention of such a device, drivers could only rely on their skill when skidding. The operation of ABS imitates intermittent braking, which prevents the wheels from entering the lock. It is worth considering that ABS does not give precise controllability, so it is better to brake in advance in order to enter the maneuver at the correct speed.

How to properly brake on the mechanics before a traffic light

On a hard surface in dry weather in front of a traffic light, it is more profitable to slow down by simultaneously pressing the brake and clutch

The rules for braking on mechanics, which are taught by driving schools, read:

1. The movement of the car must occur with the gear engaged.
2. The driver constantly changes gear according to the speed of the car in order to be ready to quickly perform the necessary maneuver.
3. Only to stop when the car is moving at a speed of 5-10 km per hour, the brake clutch is released to stop the car.

Practice shows that few drivers use the correct method of engine braking, as they get tired of frequent downshifts, fuel consumption increases, and the gearbox wears out faster. Of course, on a hard surface in dry weather, it is more profitable to slow down by simultaneously pressing the brake and clutch.

Driving in gear and fuel consumption

During the movement of the car in gear, fuel is consumed in an increased amount. Keeping your foot on the gas pedal, high engine speeds require fuel consumption. The cessation of pressure on the gas pedal causes the car to stop from engine braking, and the lower the gear, the faster the car stops. When descending a slight slope, the optimal position of the gear lever will be neutral, which prevents engine braking. In such a situation, the speed of the car drops much more slowly than in gear, since the car is slowed down only by the friction force of the wheels on the roadway and air resistance. This saves a lot of fuel.

The method allows, with an engine size of 1.4-1.6, to overcome 12-15 km on one liter of fuel in the city without congestion. And some drivers manage to drive even 20 km on one liter. But there are situations when it is not possible to brake in an economical way due to road conditions. Then the ability to brake with the help of the engine is more than ever useful.

Cases where engine braking is indispensable

Such cases include situations when it is strictly forbidden to drive a car in neutral - movement from the mountains, along mountain serpentines. Without engine braking with multiple downshifts, there is a risk of overheating of the braking system, a quarter of the braking distance, and a risk of control failure caused by severe brake overheating.

It is important to remember that the neutral speed is designed solely for the driver to shift gears and so that the engine of a stopped car can run, and not for use while the car is moving. The neutral is also designed to smoothly start the movement of the car, keep the engine running while the vehicle is stopped.

When reducing the speed, the inclusion of lower gears increases the safety of your movement.

When the speed decreases, the inclusion of lower gears increases traffic safety. It is recommended to downshift when lowering the tachometer needle to 2,500 rpm. if you have a car with a naturally aspirated gasoline engine, up to 2,000 rpm. - with a car on a turbo engine, up to 1,500 rpm. - for the engine running on diesel fuel. These are the lower averages. It should be based on the values ​​​​of the maximum value of the torque of a particular brand of car when shifting gears. So, it was mentioned above the need to engage a lower gear to increase stability in the turning arc.

Racing braking

The rider first brakes, reducing the speed to 5,000, and then shifts into a lower gear, while raising the speed

Downshifting is a trick riders always use when braking, and it's not done at 2500rpm. as drivers do in the city, but at high speeds, when the tachometer needle is in the red zone. Engine thrust during braking is needed to accelerate the exit from the turn, the speedy passage of the track. Therefore, the rider first slows down, reducing the speed to 5,000 so that the tachometer needle does not go off scale, and then shifts into a lower gear, while raising the speed.

City braking

By determining the need to slow down at a traffic light, the driver can shift down and apply braking in advance

The normal mode of engine operation in fuel economy mode is when the tachometer needle reaches 2,000-3,500 rpm. At the same time, at the acceleration stage, an upper limit of 3,500 rpm is acceptable, with a decrease to 2,500 rpm. while maintaining speed. In a city situation, the gear shifts first, and then braking follows. By detecting the need to slow down at a traffic light, the driver can downshift ahead of time and apply the brakes. The desired engine speed is maintained. If the driver immediately brakes using the service brake system, the engine will lose speed.

Good article, thanks!
As it turned out, most situations slowed down intuitively correctly.
I'm still trying to get used to driving like a pro: almost never use the brakes, but calculate the speed. So the pads, discs and brake lights will last much longer. 🙂 Sometimes I notice such drivers on the road, I follow them and “learn”.

I am an experienced driver and have tried to brake with the help of the engine more than once. I will say more, in winter, when you drive on ice, you try not to touch the brake pedal once again. First you release the gas, and then slowly start to slow down. When I first started driving, I even turned around a couple of times from braking with the box turned off.

To be honest, it’s better not to go into ice AT ALL, since there is practically no braking in such cases (from personal experience). There are of course certain rules for driving in such conditions:
- low speed;
- extreme concentration of attention;
- appropriate vehicle equipment (studded winter tires or chains).
But even so, the possibility of getting into an accident greatly increases in ice.

http://vk.com/id242395716 Nikolai Gurov

The article revealed in detail all the nuances of such a method of driving a car. I, like an experienced driver with experience, also have a lot to learn and try out in practice from these tips. I especially liked the concretization of cases and the description of actions in the current situation. Reading such information once again will not hurt, and taking out a useful essence from it is only beneficial.

Useful tips. I try to stick to this approach to braking in life. Engine braking is really safer. I think that one should responsibly approach the choice of speed mode in order to reduce the likelihood of emergency braking. I prefer to ride on the mechanics, so I will definitely take note of the content of the article.

http://vk.com/id20940008 Oksana Slautina

And I often use braking with the help of the engine. Especially on ice, this is very handy. But the leg already stretches to press the brake. But it's just a summer habit. Then I get used...
Really helpful tips!
I often heard stories about how the brakes fail at speed and you have to brake in gears. But I haven't come across this!

And I was lucky. My instructor, along with learning to drive, taught me engine braking as well. Moreover, he explained all the nuances. And often, when braking in bad weather or ice, I remember him with a warm word. But I know that not all instructors do this. It's a pity.

To brake, as you write - with gears, in the event of a brake failure, you still need to be able to. And before the traffic lights, I personally switch to neutral in advance and slow down a little bit. Very often I am lucky: when I approach the intersection, the light changes to green and I, quickly shifting into second gear, vigorously pick up speed and pull ahead.

You have to brake with the engine not only in ice, but also in very sad events. There is such a situation when the brakes of the car "disappear" and under such circumstances the ability to brake the engine literally saves people's lives. Personally, for myself, I modeled such a situation and thoroughly practiced this skill. I strongly recommend everyone to work in this regard.

http://avtomotospec.ru

Motorist for good driving it takes a lot of skills and knowledge. The most important of these is braking. To stop correctly and quickly, a good reaction is not enough. Accurate plays an important role here. technical execution. Be sure to learn how to properly brake on the mechanics. Since someone's life may depend on the timely stop of the vehicle.

Normal braking method

In order to slow down on a car with a manual transmission at the included speed, you need to squeeze the brake and clutch at the same time. Moreover, the clutch should be pressed literally a fraction of a second faster than the brake.

If you need to slow down quite a bit, then the clutch should be squeezed all the way. The brake is only applied until the necessary speed reduction is reached. At a full stop, both the speed and the clutch must be squeezed out to the stop. Then you should turn on the neutral gear, and only after that it will be possible to release the pedals. If this is not done, then the car will immediately stall.

Special attention should be paid to how to brake on the mechanics if the car is coasting in neutral gear. In this situation, it is not necessary to depress the clutch when braking. Only the brake pedal should be operated. And if you want to slow down just a little while in gear, you can also not depress the clutch at all. However, if the car starts to twitch, you still have to squeeze the clutch.

Engine braking

It is also worth learning how to brake the engine. This will come in handy when descending steep mountain serpentines.

The main point of this method is the transition from high to low gear. Even if you just lower the gas pedal without changing the gear, the speed of the car will immediately decrease. This will happen due to the fact that the engine will switch to idle mode. Then it will be possible to switch to a lower gear. It is worth considering that after lowering the clutch pedal, you can not press the gas pedal at all. In this way, the braking effect can be enhanced.

Home " Repair and maintenance » How to brake correctly so as not to stall. How to brake at a traffic light on the mechanics? Tips from driving instructors

Not every novice motorist has the knowledge of how to properly brake on the mechanics. After all, to slow down on the machine, you just need to press the brake pedal. However, in most driving schools, they pass on cars with mechanics, and it is much more difficult to brake on them.

So, how to properly brake on the mechanics? If you need to stop completely, then most in a safe way slow down (especially on ice, on wet road and on descents) is the following: first you need to release the gas, then gently press the brake pedal and immediately before stopping, squeeze the clutch in order not to stall. After that, you need to switch to neutral speed and release the pedals. There is another way that answers the question “How to properly brake on the mechanics?”. To brake on a flat road in good weather, you must first fully release the gas, then fully squeeze the clutch with your left foot, and then gently apply the brake to an absolute stop. After the car comes to a complete stop, you need to switch to neutral speed, release the clutch and brake pedals. It is worth noting that it is better to let go of the gas smoothly, and not to throw it. If a person needs to leave the car even for a couple of minutes, then it is better to leave it for

It happens that you need to slow down a little or slow down. To do this, you must first release the gas pedal and slightly briefly press the brake without touching the clutch. There is no need to be afraid that the car may stall. If you need to slow down in such a way that you have to switch to it, you have to squeeze the clutch.

Another question that worries many: how to brake on ice? So, it is worth noting that emergency braking in such conditions has features that not all drivers know about. In icy conditions, it is recommended to brake by intermittent short-term pressing of the brake pedal.

How to properly brake on the mechanics, if the car is with In this case, you need to hold the brake pedal with your right foot, and at the same time release and squeeze the clutch, simultaneously shifting down gears. It is very important at the same time that the descent is consistent, and you do not miss a single gear, otherwise you can lose control of the car.

And if the car has something to slow down harder. You also need to hold down the brake pedal, release and press the clutch, providing a descent sequence. However, you still need to periodically press the gas when shifting gears - this happens after the clutch is squeezed out. Otherwise rear axle can lead to the side, and the driver will fly off the track. To learn how to accurately and quickly perform braking “at speed”, you need to train, and preferably on maneuvers. It is recommended to start at fairly low speeds on empty roads. Then it is worth complicating the task in order to come to perfection.