Rules of the road on a motorcycle on the road. General rules of the road for motorcyclists

The result of the next meeting of the government commission on security traffic was the instruction of First Deputy Prime Minister Igor Shuvalov to amend the traffic rules regarding motorcyclists. According to "Kommersant", V soon The Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Ministry of Transport and the Moscow government should work out a number of important amendments related to the movement of motorcyclists.

So, one of the proposals is the introduction of the so-called double stop line at traffic lights, which will allow bikers to start not in the general flow of cars, but 3-5 meters ahead of it.

This measure, according to experts, can improve road safety and reduce the number of fatal accidents with the participation of drivers of two-wheeled vehicles.

To evaluate the effectiveness of the initiative in Moscow, an appropriate experiment should be carried out, in which a double stop line will be applied to one of the busy intersections and the results of such markings will be assessed. Earlier, a number of similar experiments initiated by Shumsky had already been carried out in the capital.

In particular, we are talking about the introduction of diagonal pedestrian crossings, "waffle" markings at intersections, with which the authorities are trying to deal with those who enter intersections on a red traffic light and block the movement of those who move on a green one.

In addition, an experiment was carried out that allowed a right turn at a red traffic light at certain intersections. In general, the initiatives were positively received by the city authorities.

Another proposal to change the traffic rules should be worked out within a month by experts from the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Ministry of Transport and the “open government”. We are talking about the legislative consolidation of the right of motorcyclists to move between the rows. According to Shumsky, today this issue has not been settled in any way - if an accident occurs when a car and a motorcycle are in the same row, the rules do not give an unambiguous answer which driver is to blame.

At the same time, the State traffic inspectorate opposes allowing bikers to move between the rows and, according to some sources, has already prepared a report on the inappropriateness of such an innovation. The department believes that if a clear prohibition or permission to move between lanes is fixed in the traffic rules, this will complicate the situation on the road.

The traffic police also explained that inspectors currently do not fine motorcyclists moving between rows of cars, but in the event of an accident, all responsibility lies with the bike driver.

Recall that the last time the rules for motorcyclists seriously changed on April 4. According to new edition SDA, novice motorcyclists with less than two years of driving experience can no longer carry passengers on back seat motorcycle or moped.

Also changed speed mode. Now bikers are officially allowed to move on ordinary roads at a speed of 90 km / h, and on motorways, like cars, up to 110 km / h.

This was done so that motorcyclists have the legal opportunity to move at the speed of the main stream of cars, which in turn reduces the risk of an accident.

In addition, last week Shuvalov already gave instructions to study the possibility traffic rules changes and bring them under European standards. In particular, it was about adjusting the rules for passing roundabouts.

Now on Russian roads There are several options for passing the circle. So, if there is a “Give way” sign in front of the intersection, the car that is already on the roundabout has the advantage. If there is no such sign, then the driver who is on the circle gives way.

The government, on the other hand, proposes, focusing on world experience, to consolidate general principle, according to which the advantage on roundabout will always have those who are on the circle.

“In our law, it is already written that those who are on the circle get the advantage, but it is not spelled out very clearly, and so that there are no discrepancies, it will not be superfluous to emphasize all this again,” Gazeta explained earlier. .Ru” journalist Igor Morzharetto, a member of the government commission on road safety.

In addition, during the meeting of the commission, Shuvalov instructed to work out the issue of introducing a new road sign and the concept of "zone of calm movement". The proposal is to allow pedestrians to cross carriageway anywhere, and motorists, on the contrary, are prohibited from driving in such zones at a speed of more than 10-20 km / h and overtaking.

"Zones of calm traffic" are supposed to be organized in the centers of large cities, where it is impossible to make full-fledged pedestrian streets.

This article is a collection of tips for novice motorcyclists. These tips are not united by topic and group, they are recorded in a row from the words of motorcyclists with great experience piloting, edited and supplemented by professional instructors of the motorcycle school.

1. Don't ride for freight transport- stones fly out from under open wheels high speed and to a good height. If such a “projectile” hits a motorcycle, it is fraught with damage. paintwork, and hitting the pilot with bruises and soft tissue injuries. If the motorcyclist is not wearing protective equipment, hitting the body or head with such a stone can easily lead to loss of control and, consequently, to a fall.
2. Never try to run away from the traffic police, especially from the motorcycle battalion. As practice shows, in 90% of cases the offender is caught or he himself gets into an accident during the chase.
   Also, do not get involved in street racing on motorcycles or try to compete with someone on public roads, the risk of getting into an accident is too great. If you want to compete, go to a specially equipped motor track. As a rule, there are such tracks in every big city.
   
3. The main cause of most fatal motorcycle accidents is alcohol. According to statistics, about 50% of motorcyclists who died in road accidents drank alcohol. Moreover, even a small amount of alcohol taken can critically slow down the reaction of the motorcycle pilot.
4. When buying a motorcycle with chain drive buy chain lube right away. Do not skimp on it, the grease should stick well and preferably have a color so that you can accurately determine the degree of coverage.
   The chain must be lubricated every 500 km and after every trip in the rain (wash). With such care, the chain with stars can last a very long time.
5. After buying a motorcycle, immediately take care of its safety - the standard steering lock is easy enough to break. It is worth buying a lock on a disk with an alarm and a GPS beacon to track the location of the motorcycle.
6. Consider one feature when braking with the front brake on a motorcycle - than less speed, the greater the likelihood of blocking the front wheel with inaccurate dosage of effort on the lever front brake. This is another argument in favor of why you should not try to slow down on not high speeds only the front brake - it should not account for more than 75% of the total braking force. Almost always, with inept control, the motorcycle falls to one side if it is blocked front wheel. Remember also that when hard braking weight tends to move forward, and rear wheel unloads to a large extent and it will tend to lock up a lot faster, so be ready to release it in time after a sharp press on the rear brake pedal. IN modern conditions road traffic and at current speeds, the proportion of braking force is already approaching rather 65% front and 35% rear brake, while braking at high speeds should be as intermittent as possible.
7. If possible, never be in the blind spot of other drivers. Increase your speed or slow down. Don't let anyone be in your blind spot.
   
8. Not worth it once again ride a motorcycle after 8 pm, especially on Friday and Saturday. There are several reasons for this:
   - there are more drunks on the roads
   - on country roads, the possibility of the appearance of animals increases
   - at night, the amount of visual information received is greatly reduced
   - for natural reasons, due to fatigue, the reaction slows down
9. When parking on an incline, make sure the front wheel is uphill, as it will be easier to roll the motorcycle backwards when starting off than to push it uphill. It would also be appropriate to put the motorcycle in gear.
10. Braking in a corner always straightens the line. In turns, try to keep the throttle even, and ideally open the throttle smoothly from the beginning to the very end of the turn.
11. If you have to stop in a turn, straighten the handlebars a second before stopping, this will direct the inertial force directly and the front suspension can evenly extinguish it. Otherwise, the inertial force directed in the direction of the turn will overwhelm the motorcycle during a sudden stop.
12. Earplugs (such as those worn by construction workers or given to passengers on helicopter flights) reduce fatigue when long drive, but greatly reduce the flow of sound information, which is very important when piloting in the city.
13. When tying luggage with elastic straps, try to pass them THROUGH the luggage, and do not throw it over the top, this will greatly improve the fixation of the load.
14. If you have to travel in very hot weather, a bandana or neckerchief soaked in water can help.
15. Enter the turn in a wide arc, this increases the field of view in the turn - this is very significant!
16. On the back of the equipment, it is desirable to have special reflective fragments. They will allow drivers moving behind you to correctly estimate the distance to you.
17. Look only where you want to go, in turns, focus on the exit point with your eyes. If you feel that a fall is imminent, still keep looking at the area of ​​the road where you would like to be. Never focus on obstacles, track them with your peripheral vision.
18. Before the inevitable pits, bumps and other obstacles, stand on the steps. By absorbing kicks, you will reduce the load on the suspension and protect yourself from possible injuries. Linear obstacles (railway crossings, speed bumps, etc.) try to pass at a right angle with a slight acceleration to unload the front suspension.
19. When parking, make sure that the support (footboard) is on a solid surface. Keep in mind that asphalt can also be a poor surface to install a support in hot weather or if it has been exposed to fuel and lubricants. If it is not possible to park the motorcycle on a hard surface, place any solid object under the support that increases the pressure area to at least 10 cm2.
    
    
20. take care of battery check its condition regularly. If possible, 2-3 times a season, carry out the process of a complete recharge. If the battery is serviced, check the electrolyte level in the cells, top up if necessary. At long parking remove the battery and store it in a warm, dry place. The battery can last more than 7 years with proper maintenance.
21. If possible, replace the regular sound signal to a more powerful one, for a motorcyclist this is one of the main devices for attracting the attention of drivers who are inattentive while driving.
22. Get into the habit of keeping 2 fingers on the front brake and clutch levers at all times! Transferring fingers from the handle to the brake lever takes approximately 0.1 seconds, which is almost 3 meters stopping distance motorcycle.
    
    
23. Take a refresher course driving skills acquire new skills and knowledge.
24. Never skimp on protective gear. Helmet, motorcycle jacket (turtle), gloves, motorcycle boots, knee protection - this is the minimum in which you should get behind the wheel of a motorcycle.
25. Worth taking the course first. medical care or at least study the relevant literature.
26. At the very beginning of the season, leaving on the roads common use during daylight hours, always turn on high beam lights. This can save you from absent-minded drivers who have become accustomed to the presence of motorcyclists on the roads during the winter.
    
    
27. Constantly analyze and predict traffic situation around you. Pay attention to the behavior and actions of drivers behind the wheel of cars.
28. Maintain a large distance to the car in front, always leave a power reserve for an unexpected maneuver.
29. When driving behind cars, try to stay close to the edge of the median lanes, this way you will provide yourself with more maneuvering area in case of sudden braking of the car in front. Also, this position of the motorcyclist in the stream makes him more visible in the rear-view mirrors for the vehicle in front.
    
    
30. Safe speed in dense traffic along the aisle - not exceeding the speed of the surrounding traffic by 20 km / h. Those. when the cars are stopped, your speed should not exceed 20 km/h, but if the traffic moves at a speed of 15 km/h, your speed should not exceed 35 km/h. If this limit (20 km / h) is exceeded, the risk of getting into an accident increases by more than 50%. Subject to this rule, you will always have time to respond to a door unexpectedly opened by the driver, or a sharp rebuilding of the car in front without the turn indicators on.
31. Never overtake cars on the right and on the side of the road! This is prohibited by traffic rules, so many drivers will not even think to look in right mirror when turning right or parking on the side of the road.
32. Always expect inadequate actions and maneuvers from all the drivers around you on the road. The saddle of a motorcycle is not a place for relaxation and rest, only attentiveness and utmost concentration.
33. Always fasten your helmet! Even if you forgot to do it, do not be too lazy to stop and fasten it.
34. You should not be the first to leave the intersection, when the green traffic light turns on. Since many car and motorcycle enthusiasts like to fly through intersections on yellow or early red signals, you run the risk of meeting them.
35. On slippery areas roads (marking, rails, hatches), in the aisle, on steep descents, with active maneuvering on low speed- Try to use only the rear brake.
36. Never drive to the left of the left and to the right of the right lane, and even more so on a double solid lane.
37. When driving in a traffic jam along the aisle, remember that at any moment a pedestrian can jump out from behind the car crossing the road. 90% of pedestrians cannot even imagine that a motorcyclist can move between the rows, so they force traffic jams, not paying attention to the aisle spacing. This danger increases sharply on narrow streets.
38. Rebuilding in dense stream cars, please Special attention on the aisle behind, there can move, the same as you, a motorcyclist at a speed much higher than the general stream.
39. It is best for novice motorcyclists to start the season at an average daily air temperature of more than 10 degrees, and finish, respectively, at a temperature of less than 10 degrees.
40. Always, before you take a passenger to your motorcycle, conduct at least a minimum briefing. A passenger sitting on a motorcycle must hold on to the pilot with his feet and rest his hands on the tank of the motorcycle. You can learn all the secrets of driving a motorcycle with a passenger in a motorcycle school.
    
    

Many of the above tips are advisory in nature and it is worth clarifying that when piloting a motorcycle in an urban environment, the pilot often has only a fraction of a second to decide on a particular action. Therefore, motorcycle school instructors strongly recommend that beginners and experienced motorcyclists regularly practice their driving skills and actions in extreme situations on specially equipped tracks and platforms. Good luck on the road, dear friends!

A scooter and a moped in terms of traffic rules are one and the same.

Due to the fact that scooters and mopeds are equated to the category Vehicle don't forget about turning on the low beam, this requirement is set out in p.p.19.5 of the traffic rules of the Russian Federation. During daylight hours, all moving vehicles must turn on dipped-beam headlights or daytime running lights to identify them. running lights, this rule from November 10, 2010 applies to drivers of all vehicles.

You also need to know that to control a moped you need driver's license any category that can be obtained from the age of 16. So you can get on the scooter from 16 years old and not a day earlier, the driver must have a license for a scooter M or any other category, in accordance with clause 2.1.1 of the road traffic, the scooter driver must also have with him and, at the request of the police officers, pass to them for verification: - a driver's license or a temporary permit for the right to drive a vehicle of the corresponding category.

Need to remember SDA for scooters: according to p.p.24.7 of the traffic rules of the Russian Federation Moped drivers must move on the right side of the carriageway in one row or in the lane for cyclists. Moped drivers are allowed to move along the side of the road, if this does not interfere with pedestrians. scooter movement on the roadway allowed only in one row on the right edge of the carriageway, the movement of scooters is possible and on the side of the road. At the same time, it is not allowed to interfere with pedestrians.

Features of the transportation of passengers on a scooter are regulated by paragraph 22.2 1 of the SDA: according to this paragraph, “The transportation of people on a motorcycle must be carried out by a driver who has a driver’s license for the right to drive vehicles of category “A” or subcategory “A1 ″ for 2 or more years, transportation of people on moped must be carried by a driver who has a driver's license for the right to drive vehicles of any category or subcategory for 2 or more years. Only a driver who has a driver's license of any category for at least 2 years can carry passengers. That is, a novice driver does not have the right to carry passengers on a scooter. In addition, the requirements for the carriage of passengers are established by paragraph 24.8 SDA: Cyclists and moped drivers are prohibited from:
- carry passengers, if this is not provided for by the design of the vehicle;

– transport children under 7 years old in the absence of specially equipped places for them;

! Thus, it is possible to transport passengers on a moped only if the design of the vehicle provides for additional passenger seats. Also, information on the number of passengers must be indicated in the vehicle documents.

! Special attention deserves the transportation of children under the age of 7 years. A specially equipped place must be provided for the child.

According to paragraph 24.8. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation: Cyclists and moped drivers prohibited:

- ride a bicycle, a moped, without holding the steering wheel with at least one hand;

- carry cargo that protrudes more than 0.5 m in length or width beyond the dimensions, or cargo that makes it difficult to turn left or turn around on roads with tram traffic and on roads with more than one lane for traffic in a given direction;

- move along the road without a fastened motorcycle helmet (for moped drivers);

- cross the road at pedestrian crossings.

According to paragraph 24.9. Traffic rules of the Russian Federation: It is prohibited to tow bicycles and mopeds, as well as towing by bicycles and mopeds, except for towing a trailer intended for use with a bicycle or moped.

It is worth remembering that the scooter driver always has the opportunity to stop, get off the vehicle and turn into a pedestrian for a while. After that, cross the wide roadway in the right direction and again turn into the driver of the vehicle.

Please remember that vehicles of these categories should not be trusted to children!!! GIBDDD of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia "Pospelikhinsky" warns and asks "Take care of the children!"

Department of the traffic police of the Pospelikhinsky district.

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SDA clause 20.4. Prohibits any kind of towing on a motorcycle without a sidecar, as well as such motorcycles;

Punishment from the Code of Administrative Offenses: Article 12.21. Violation of the rules for the carriage of goods, the rules for towing 1. Violation of the rules for the carriage of goods, as well as the rules for towing - entails a warning five hundred rubles.

SDA clause 21.4. A learner on a car must be at least 16 years old, and on motorcycle- at least 14 years old.

Punishment from the Code of Administrative Offenses: Article 12.22. Breaking the rules training ride Violation of the rules of training driving by a driver who teaches driving a vehicle - entails warning or overlay administrative fine at the rate of five hundred rubles.

SDA clause 22.2.1 Transportation of people on motorcycle must be carried out by a driver who has a driver's license for the right to drive vehicles category "A" or subcategory "A1" for 2 years or more, the transportation of people on a moped must be carried out by a driver who has a driver's license for the right to drive vehicles of any category or subcategory for 2 or more years.

SDA clause 22.9. It is forbidden to transport children under 12 years of age in the back seat of a motorcycle.

Punishment from the Code of Administrative Offenses: Article 12.23. Violation of the rules for the transportation of people 1. Violation of the rules for the transportation of people, with the exception of cases provided for in parts 2-6 of this article, shall entail the imposition of an administrative fine in the amount of five hundred rubles.

SDA clause 22.8. It is forbidden to transport people: - outside the cab of the car (except when transporting people in the body truck with an onboard platform or in a van body), tractors, other self-propelled vehicles, on cargo trailer, in the trailer-cottage, in the back cargo motorcycle and outside the seats provided by the design of the motorcycle;- in excess of the amount provided technical specification vehicle.

Punishment from the Code of Administrative Offenses: Article 12.23. Part. 2. Transportation of people outside the cab of a car (with the exception of cases permitted by the Rules of the Road), a tractor, other self-propelled vehicles, on a cargo trailer, in a trailer-cottage, in on the body of a cargo motorcycle or outside the designated seating positions of the motorcycle- entails the imposition of an administrative fine in the amount of one thousand rubles.

SDA clause 11. It is forbidden to operate: cars, buses, road trains, trailers, motorcycles, mopeds, tractors and other self-propelled machines, if they technical condition and equipment do not meet the requirements of the List of malfunctions and conditions under which the operation of vehicles is prohibited (according to the appendix);

The list of malfunctions and conditions under which the operation of vehicles is prohibited is common to everyone, but there are several items only for motorcycles, namely:

• 2.3. The steering damper provided by the design is defective or missing.
• 7.6. There are backlashes in the connections of the motorcycle frame with the frame of the side trailer.
  
• 7.7. Missing on motorcycle with side trailer - first aid kit, sign emergency stop according to GOST R 41.27-2001.
  
• 7.16. Motorcycles do not have built-in safety bars.
  
• 7.17. On motorcycles and mopeds there are no footrests provided for by the design, transverse handles for passengers on the saddle.
  

Punishment from the Code of Administrative Offenses: Article 12.5. IN general case- entails warning or the imposition of an administrative fine in the amount of five hundred rubles.(note. When making this offense the vehicle is detained, placed in a specialized parking lot, and the person driving the vehicle is subject to removal from control).

Signs in traffic rules.

Publication date: 04/19/2016

“According to paragraph 1.1 Russian traffic rules, a motorcycle driver in a number of situations has equal rights with a pedestrian. This applies to cases of parking on sidewalks and driving under some prohibition signs. The motorcyclist also has the right to cross railway crossings with the barrier lowered if it is not in the saddle, but is driving the bike. The only condition is that a motorcyclist or mopedist is obliged to move not against the direction of traffic, but along it.

Paragraph 2.1.2 states that the rider of the bike must be fastened seat belt, if it is provided and regulated documented by the vehicle manufacturer. If there is none, the motorcyclist must be equipped with a helmet, the clasp of which is fixed.

Similar requirements apply to the passenger of a two-wheeled vehicle. The last rule does not apply to scooters and mopedists, or rather their passengers. According to clause 24.8, protective headgear for riders sitting behind a light bike is not required.

Clause 10.3 regulates the movement of cars and motorcycles outside the city. According to him, the speed limit of bikers is somewhat different from the generally established for other road users. For example, motorists can develop 110 km / h, while bikers can only reach 90.

For motorcycles and mopeds, the 2016 PPD provides for relaxations in the parking rules. While parking in two rows and “along the curb” is prohibited for motorists, bikers have every right to do so. True, with a slight amendment - they should not be a hindrance to other road users and not have a side trailer.

Paragraph 19.5 of the SDA (including for motorcyclists) regulates the rules for using lamps in daytime. According to it, during the daytime, the driver of the bike is obliged to turn on the low beam headlights on his vehicle.

According to 24.3 paragraph of traffic rules, for scooters inclusive, drivers of two-wheeled vehicles are forbidden to drive with one hand and even more so to remove it from the steering wheel while driving.

Particular attention in the traffic rules is given to the safety of young passengers. So, the motorcycle driver is strictly prohibited from:

• - transport a child under 12 years of age behind you;
• - to move with a young passenger who is not equipped with a helmet of a suitable size;
• - seat a child under 7 years old on a regular seat without special footrests;
• - transport children in a side or rear non-passenger trailer.

Among novice motorcycle owners, there is a certainty that the removed protective headgear guarantees immunity from harassment by traffic police. Allegedly, law enforcement officers are forbidden by law to rush in pursuit of an intruder who does not have a helmet on his head. This is wrong. traffic rules do not limit the traffic police in any way if the motorcyclist is dangerous to other road users, moreover, law enforcement officers have every right to use service weapons in accordance with regulations.