Lutsk Automobile Plant originates from the production and repair of agricultural machinery. In its place were workshops for the repair of agricultural equipment.
The resolution of the Council of Ministers of the Ukrainian SSR on February 2, 1949 “On the reorganization of inter-district overhaul workshops ...” becomes a turning point. In this document, the construction of a new plant was planned. In 1951, the first buildings began to be erected in Lutsk, and already on August 25, 1955, by order of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Ukrainian SSR, the Lutsk repair plant was put into operation. In September, the first products were already produced here, which is why September is considered to be the start date of the plant's history.
At first, the enterprise with a staff of only 238 people produces spare parts for the GAZ-51, GAZ-63 involved in agriculture, carries out their overhaul, and manufactures products for the needs of the Ministry of Agriculture.
On September 3, 1959, the plant became a machine-building plant. His specialization is also changing. Now bodies for the GAZ-51, car shops, trailers, refrigerated trucks and special-purpose products, as well as body parts are produced in Lutsk. With a gradual increase in area, it expands and manufacturing program. The production of automobile repair shops and small-tonnage refrigerators begins.
But 10 years after its founding, the history of LuAZ is changing dramatically again. LuAZ owes its birth as an automobile manufacturing plant to the war in Korea, the Irbit motorcycle plant (Ural motorcycles) and the Zaporozhye Kommunar plant (ZAZ). An epochal model for LuAZ, the leading edge conveyor (TPK or LuAZ-967) became.
After the war in Korea, where equipment from the USSR took part, it became clear that the GAZ-69 SUV was too large and vulnerable for military operations. At the forefront, a very different car is needed, like the DKW Munga. Then NAMI creates several prototypes. At the beginning, with a motorcycle engine, they want to produce it at the Irbit Motorcycle Plant, but such a machine turned out to be too “raw”. Then they plan to produce another prototype in Zaporozhye, but due to a lack of production capacity at the young Kommunar automobile plant, they are looking for another production site. For the Lutsk plant, this was a finest hour. In addition, ZAZ is developing and civilian version ZAZ-969 and even produce the first experimental batch there, and then transfer all the documentation to Lutsk. So, the car factory has two models at once.
TPK - it was a purely army vehicle, in fact - a motorized cart that can land, in addition to the driver, it can carry a couple more stretchers or six seated wounded, does not exceed half a meter in height and has four-wheel drive and a winch.
In addition, TPK is an amphibian that moves through the water due to the rotation of the wheels. Her tasks in the army were different: the removal of the wounded from the front line, the supply of ammunition, the towing of light guns. The driver could control the TPK while lying on the seat or even crawling, moving next to the car and barely holding on to the steering wheel. TPK or Luaz-967 is a unique car. He probably has no analogues, except for the Steyr-Puch Haflinger. And with TPK, the success of the Lutsk Automobile Plant began. The transporter entered service with the USSR army in 1969, was used in the airborne troops and motorized rifle units, and was also supplied to the countries of the Warsaw Pact. He stayed on the assembly line until 1989 and would be relevant even today. After all, there are simply no front line transporters in the Ukrainian army now.
But in addition to the army transporter, the country needed a simple, unpretentious and very passable SUV, and even as cheap as possible. It was created in record time. In 1965, when the first small cars began to be produced in Zaporozhye, two bureaus were created in Lutsk under the department of the chief designer to develop technical documentation for the ZAZ-969 car with all-wheel drive. In December 1966, the first 50 small cars ZAZ-969V were assembled at the plant. By design, it was as close as possible to the TPK, but already had a more civilized body with a canvas top. Despite the external unpretentiousness, it was a revolutionary car that was ahead of its time in two ways at once.
The first Soviet "front-wheel drive" or the era of "Volynyanka"
On December 11, 1966, by order of the Minister of the Automobile Industry of the USSR, the Lutsk Machine-Building Plant was renamed into an automobile plant and officially became LuAZ. In 1971, LuAZ determined the specialization in the production of passenger cars with increased cross-country ability for the needs of agriculture and special-purpose vehicles. But LuAZ mass-produces cars already in 1967. Yes, and what! It was in Lutsk that they were the first in the USSR to produce front-wheel drive cars.
Yes, this fact is not widely advertised, but it is true. Before the VAZ-2108, ZAZ-1102 and Moskvich-2141 appeared on the conveyor, it was even more than a decade and a half. And it happened so, one might say, by accident. The fact is that the civilian LuAZ had a connected rear axle. By the beginning of serial production, the Melitopol Motor Plant did not have time to provide the new model with a rear axle gearbox, and therefore it went into the LuAZ-969V series with front-wheel drive, and the letter “B” (temporary) appeared in the model designation to distinguish the front-wheel drive modification from all-wheel drive. Until the beginning of the 1970s, more than 7,000 such front-wheel drive LuAZs were made. Then the problems with the components were resolved, the car gained all-wheel drive and its original index, LuAZ-969. But even in this version, it was possible to turn off the rear axle and the car became front-wheel drive.
The need for inexpensive off-road vehicles was so huge that in 1976 the enterprise began reconstruction for the production of 50 thousand cars a year. At that time, LuAZ cost 5,100 rubles and was the only SUV that was freely sold to the public. Neither the GAZ-69 nor the UAZ-469 were sold to civilians, and there was no Niva yet.
In 1979, a new model LuAZ-969M appeared on the conveyor, with a more modern design, a new dashboard and increased comfort. At the Turin Motor Show, she even wins an award and is among the "top ten" best cars in Europe. In addition, the modernization of the plant has already been completed, and already on September 24, 1982, the 100,000th car rolls off the assembly line in Lutsk.
It should be noted that the LuAZ-969 was not only ahead of its time, but actually became the first mass-produced compact civilian B-class SUV in the world. It was more than 20 years before the appearance of the Suzuki Samurai. Meticulous historians will certainly be able to cite analogues of LuAZ, the same Italian Samas Yeti-903, but it was produced in small quantities. And in Lutsk there was mass production. It is now that almost every manufacturer strives to have a B-class crossover in its range, and LuAZ already had such a car in the 60s.
True, it is necessary to clarify here that in those days the fashion for small SUVs in the world had not even been born yet. And at first, LuAZ did not even think about exporting. In April 1983, the first cars still go abroad through the All-Union AutoExport company. The debut was more than successful. Importers tried the inexpensive and unpretentious LuAZ-969M and began to promote it not only for farmers, but as a youth, beach SUV, adventure car. Abroad, the car went under the name Luaz Volyn and received the nickname "Litlle UAZ". They used LuAZs even in the Polish police - they patrolled the highlands.
For a youth SUV, LuAZ lacked the power of a 40-horsepower engine, and local importers were the first to experiment with replacing the air-cooled MeMZ engine with foreign ones. For example, the Italian dealer company Martorelli (which was also involved in the import of UAZs) offered LuAZs with Ford engines volume of 1.1 liters. Already in the 90s in Italy, even Lambordini diesel engines began to be installed on LuAZs (not to be confused with supercars, these were engines from small tractors).
In the vastness of the USSR, LuAZ-969M is gaining particular popularity in countryside, among hunters and fishermen due to its unique cross-country ability. What names were not given to this SUV: "Volyn", "Bagpipe", "Volynets", "Volynyanka", "Lunokhod", "Luntik". He could pass where UAZs and Niva gave way, and sometimes he could give odds to the Urals. But LuAZ-969M had significant disadvantage is an air-cooled engine that overheated when long drive off-road and very capricious "stove". And when a motor from Tavria MeMZ-245 with a power of 53 hp appeared under the hood. liquid-cooled, the popularity of "Volynyanka" has increased again. This modification received the designation LUAZ-1302 and was produced until 2001.
Hope for LuAZ-1301
Back in the 80s, LuAZ was working on the next generation of the car. He is assigned the index 1301, and the modification of the previous LuAZ-969 with the "Taurian" engine went into the series earlier, although it had the following ordinal index 1302.
The designers endowed the LuAZ-1301 with unique properties. It was supposed to be the first car in the USSR with plastic body panels. It was still a unique cross-country SUV, already with larger diameter wheels, with an engine liquid cooling and hard, not a canvas top.
The collapse of the USSR crossed out all the hopes of the plant. The new model does not have time to put into production, although it was almost ready. Army orders are falling sharply, exports are disappearing at once, with the advent of used foreign jeeps on the Ukrainian market, the demand for outdated LuAZs is falling.
LuAZ designers in the 90s create an incredible number of modifications, trying to find a new market niche. Every year, LuAZ pleased either with an elongated modification 13021-04, or with a LuAZ-13021 pickup truck or a 13021-07 van, or with a beach version of the LuAZ-1302-05 Foros, even ambulance for rural areas LuAZ-13021-08. The plant begins to produce cars with a plastic roof, with various motors, even began to install diesel units. But output volumes decreased from year to year, and inflation ate up all incomes. The plant has actually stopped. It seemed to be a dead end.
But on April 14, 2000, the Ukrprominvest concern became the owner of 81.12% of the plant's shares, and LuAZ began the next stage. The new managers who have arrived have a good sense of the market situation, and in the same year they launch the SKD-assembly of popular VAZs and UAZs in Lutsk. The plant not only resumed the production of Volynyanka, but also assembled 648 UAZs, 2250 VAZ-21093 units in a year. Every year, where VAZ-21093, VAZ-21099, VAZ-2107, VAZ-2104, VAZ-21213, UAZ-3160, UAZ-31514 were assembled at different times, then separate Kia models, Hyundai, begins assembling trucks Hyundai cars HD-65. The plant is getting back on its feet and is already thinking about launching its own LuAZ-1301 model.
In 2002, a prototype of a new generation of SUVs LuAZ-1301 was created in Lutsk. The car turned out to be quite successful and proved to be quite good during the tests. She still has a plastic body, a removable roof that easily turns an SUV into a convertible, a modern interior and a 1.2-liter engine from Tavria-Nova. The owner of the plant is already considering investments in the launch of mass production, and LuAZ designers present a whole range of modifications: a 5-door station wagon, a pickup truck, a medical car, a car for special services. It seemed that the LuAZ-1301 was about to go into production. The popular automotive site www.autoconsulting.ua even hosted a competition for a name for this SUV and its tuning options. A small experimental batch of LuAZ-1301 was also produced. But the early 2000s is the time low prices for Russian cars. Eg, VAZ models then they cost up to $4,000, and hundreds of thousands were produced. LuAZ-1301 needed to have an even lower price tag, and with small production volumes this was not realistic to achieve.
At one time, an AUTO-Consulting correspondent even managed to drive this hope car, which proudly carried the LuAZ logo. But, alas, in 2006, the director of the enterprise, Vladimir Gunchik, one of the "fathers" of the LuAZ-1301, was forced to admit:
what production own jeep will be unprofitable, and the model "line" has long been outdated, and will not be continued. Thus, the LuAZ-1301 project was finally buried. And the LuAZ brand began to fade.
On October 28, 2009, LuAZ officially changed its name and became known as the Public Joint-Stock Partnership Automobile Company Bogdan Motors (abbreviated as JSC AK Bogdan Motors). A new era began again at the plant.
The era of urban transport
In June 2005, the board of directors of the Bogdan corporation made a strategic decision to replace production, which later received the name "Castling". Thus, the production of the popular Bogdan buses was transferred from Cherkasy to Lutsk, and the production and assembly of passenger cars was transferred from Lutsk to Cherkasy. A new automobile plant with a capacity of 120-150 thousand cars per year is being built in Cherkassy, and it is more logical to concentrate everything automotive projects Around him.
LuAZ once again changes its profile and becomes a key bus plant for Ukraine. From June 2005 to April 2006, the plant creates conditions for the production of 1.5 thousand trolleybuses and buses per year. On April 6, 2006, LuAZ OJSC presents a new bus program and 300 additional jobs appear at the plant. During the second phase of the reconstruction, up to 70,000 m² of production covered space is created at the enterprise, and the production capacity is increased to 4,000 buses and trolleybuses. Investments in production amount to 70 million dollars. Now the former LuAZ is the largest urban transport manufacturer in Ukraine. The plant masters the production of buses of all classes and trolleybuses of a large and extra large segment. New models leave its shops, which can be seen today in almost every city of Ukraine.
And again, the Lutsk plant "Bogdan" becomes an innovator in Ukraine already in a new role. It is here that the country's first diesel-electric hybrid bus is being built. "Bogdans" break through to the European market. The plant, together with the Polish company Ursus, managed to win the tender of the city of Lublin and complete it ahead of schedule.
In 2014, the Bogdan A70100 electric bus was introduced, and in 2015, the plant was the first in Ukraine to begin production of Euro-5 A50232 buses with an Iveco engine.
factory workers" car assembly plant No. 1 PJSC Bogdan Motors looks to the future with confidence. For 60 years, the plant has completely changed its profile of activity four times, and each time it has been successful. Moreover, the products of the Lutsk plant have always been in demand by the market. The uniqueness of the plant and the team is that in a small number (for all the time 491 thousand cars were produced here) they manage to leave the brightest mark in history. And for this reason, LuAZ is sure to be in serious collections.
So now, buses and trolleybuses "Bogdan" are known to every inhabitant of Ukraine. They will also be remembered over the years as the TPK transporter, LuAZ-969 and Lutsk VAZs. glorious history Lutsk plant continues.
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In total for the period 1966-2008. 491 thousand cars were produced at the Lutsk plant. Of these, 269 thousand "Volynyanki" LuAZ, 168 thousand cars of other brands (SKD-assembly).
For 60 years, the plant has produced more than half a million units of products. 54 thousand car shops 5.5 thousand trucks and 3.5 thousand buses and trolleybuses.
In the entire history of the existence of the Lutsk Automobile Plant, they produced a lot of passenger cars. Almost all of them were developed for use by the rural population. They were distinguished by high cross-country ability, some of them were amphibious. It was only at the beginning of the 90s that models for the city and the beach were proposed. If you arrange all the modifications of the car in chronological order, you get the following:
LuAZ-967
This is a floating SUV, developed by order of the military. Its serial production began in 1975, while the car itself was produced starting in 1961. Initially, it was intended to ensure the transport of ammunition, towing mortars and other light guns, evacuation of the wounded, etc.
In the first models, its body was made of fiberglass, but this material did not live up to the expectations placed on it. Also, replacement required a weak motorcycle engine(22 hp). As a result, the NAMI-149A model, unified by the Cossacks, was installed instead. After that, the car began to have the following characteristics: speed in water - 3 km / h; on the highway - 75 km / h; engine power - 30 hp this model ceased production in 1978
LuAZ-967A
The 967A differs from the 967 only in the engine. It is equipped with a MeMZ-967A motor, which has a high power (40 hp). Produced this car LuAZ in the period from 1965 to 1977 True, it appeared on open sale only in 1975. Before that, military units were equipped with it.
LuAZ-967M
Modification 967M was adapted for civilian use and went on sale in 1975. Several significant changes were made to it:
- We unified electrical equipment for UAZ cars.
- Hydraulics unified with Moskvich.
Unfortunately, the release of the SUV lasted a very short period of time, only until the end of 1980.
LuAZ-1901 "Geologist"
This car was first produced from 1962 to 1967, and then its serial production was continued in 1999. True, already at another automobile plant. Its base is the same 967th modification, but with numerous improvements.
Geologist has:
- front- and rear-wheel drive, independent suspension.
- 3-cylinder engine with a volume of 1.5 (ZDTN).
- A large curb weight of 300 kg and is 1250 kg.
Fuel consumption also increased from 10 liters. per 100 km. at a speed of 40 km / h, 12 liters. At the same time, the speed on the water instead of 3 km / h became 5 km / h.
LuAZ-969 "Volyn"
The first Volyn LuAZ car left the assembly line back in 1967. Its production continued almost until the end of 1992. Initially, the same engine from AvtoZAZ was installed on the car, which significantly reduced passenger comfort in the cabin due to its high noise. The car was equipped with a manual transmission.
IN different years Several modifications of this car were produced, they are presented below.
LuAZ-969V
The years of production of the SUV from 1967 to 1972. Its main difference was that the car did not have a rear axle drive. In fact, this is the first front wheel drive car, which was released in the USSR. In total, 7938 units were created. technique for this model.
LuAZ-969A
Years of production of the car 969A from 1975 to 1979 This machine had a soft top of the body (tarpaulin), which was easily removed. The tailgate was reclining. The model was developed for off-road use. The total number of units produced is about 30.5 thousand pieces. The carrying capacity of the SUV is 400 kg, while it can still tow a load weighing up to 300 kg.
LuAZ-969M
From the first modifications, the 969M was distinguished by increased comfort - seats were installed in the cabin, the same as in the Zhiguli. He had many design features, which are missing in earlier versions. The power of the MeMZ-969A engine installed on it is 40 hp. The difference is the installation of separate brake drives on the front circuit, which have a hydraulic vacuum booster. The front of the body and the shape of the windshield have undergone a change. Note that the 969M model entered the top 10 cars at the 1978 Turin International Automobile Exhibition.
LuAZ-1302
The first car of this brand was released in 1990. Its difference from the 969M model was the engine from Tavria, and not from Zaporozhets. This has significantly reduced the noise entering the cabin. But these are not all structural changes, although outwardly the car did not differ in any way from its predecessor:
- Installed a new dashboard and reinforced spars.
- Increased noise and vibration isolation of the cabin.
- Installed seats from Tavria.
- Thanks to the new engine, fuel consumption has been significantly reduced.
- Fuel tank capacity 34 l.
LuAZ-13021
The basis for the manufacture of this cargo modification of the car was, of course, model 1302. The all-wheel drive SUV has excellent performance patency. Engine cooling was liquid, not air. Compared to basic model there was an increase in the wheelbase by 0.5 m. The place of attachment of the spare wheel is the tailgate. This truck was very popular with the rural population.
LuAZ-1302-05 "Foros"
The car was presented to the public in Moscow in 1999 at the MIMS'99 exhibition. But, unfortunately, in the serial production, none of these beach jeeps never saw the light of day. Only a few pieces were assembled on special order. "Foros" was developed on the basis of the LuAZ 969. Its highlight was the 4-cylinder Italian diesel engine from Lombardini, 35 hp. Although the cost of "Foros" was quite acceptable, for that time, the management of the automobile plant could not find the funds to start mass production of cars.
In conclusion, I would like to note that throughout the history of issuance Lutsk plant passenger cars, each of the cars in the series became a kind of masterpiece. It was at this enterprise that the first front wheel drive car. Here developed beach jeep, however, did not have time to launch it in mass production before the collapse of the USSR. In a word, we can say with confidence: Lutsk Automobile Plant has made a significant contribution to the development of mechanical engineering.
LuAZ (Lutsk Automobile Plant) is a legend of the Soviet automotive industry. Currently, JSC "Lutsk Automobile Plant" is part of the corporation "Bogdan" and is engaged in the production of cars of the VAZ, KIA, Hyundai, as well as commercial transport- buses and trolleybuses.
The history of the enterprise began in 1951, when, after the issuance of the relevant resolution of the Council of Ministers of the Ukrainian SSR, the construction of a repair plant began in Lutsk, which lasted four years. And on August 25, 1955, the Lutsk repair plant was put into operation. The main products of the plant are spare parts for GAZ-51 and GAZ-63 vehicles, as well as repair equipment used to meet the needs of the Ministry of Agriculture.
In 1959, the plant was retrained as a machine-building plant and received a new name, Lutsk Machine-Building Plant (LuMZ). In addition, its specialization is also changing: the production of car bodies, refrigerators, as well as other types of specialized automotive technology.
In 1966 the first civilian car own production ZAZ-969V, which was an improved version of the famous Zaporozhets. With the start of the production of this model, a new branch of engineering appeared in Volyn - automotive. On December 11, 1966 Lutsk Machine-Building Plant was renamed into Lutsk Automobile Plant.
In the period from 1966-1971. exclusively front-wheel drive LuAZ-969V models left the factory assembly line, but already in 1971 the car was somewhat redesigned: the drive became full, and the engine became more powerful. In 1975, the Lutsk Automobile Plant formed an association together with the largest automobile plant in Zaporizhia, Kommunar. In the same year, serial production of LuAZ-967M cars begins, and the development of a fundamentally new, fourth, model continues.
In 1979, a new model with the 969M index was put on the conveyor, which compares favorably with previous models not only in its exterior, but also in improved technical characteristics.
On September 22, 1982, the 100,000th car rolled off the assembly line of the Lutsk Automobile Plant, and in April 1983, the export activity of the plant began.
In March 1990, delegations from the Swiss company "Ipatco" and the American company "Chrysler" came to the plant. As a result of the talks, cooperation agreements were signed.
In 1990, the production of LuAZ-1302 began. Outwardly, it practically did not differ from its predecessor, and the new engine played the main role in its popularization. The 1302nd model was equipped with a 53-horsepower unit, which, moreover, became more reliable.
Also in 1990, a record number of cars in the history of the plant was assembled - 16,500 units. In 1992, by order of the general director of the AvtoZAZ production association, the plant was removed from the Kommunar association. The plant is being transformed from a state-owned into an open joint-stock company OJSC LuAZ.
At the same time, the plant begins to experience difficult times. Wages are delayed, which leads to a sharp decline in production. The plant was in such an uncertain position until February 2000, when the management of the enterprise signed a cooperation agreement with the Ukrprominvest concern. According to this agreement, the assembly of VAZ cars was started at the plant in Lutsk.
In April 2000, a tender was held for the sale of 81.12% of the shares of the Lutsk Automobile Plant, the winner of which was the concern "Ukrprominvest" (CJSC "Ukrainian Industrial and Investment Concern"). A month later, in the LuAZ workshops that had stopped by that time, a SKD assembly of VAZs and UAZs was established.
In 2002, the pace of assembly continued to increase: Izh cars were added to VAZs and UAZs, and later, assembly of Kia, Isuzu, and Hyundai trucks began.
In 2005, the Lutsk Automobile Plant became part of the Bogdan Corporation. In the autumn of the same year, the enterprise began SKD assembly of Hyundai and Kia passenger cars.
From June 2005 to April 2006, the plant creates conditions for the production of 1.5 thousand trolleybuses and buses per year. April 6, 2006 JSC "LuAZ" presents a new bus program.
In 2006, Lutsk Automobile Plant OJSC was renamed into Bogdan Automobile Plant OJSC. In the same year, the second stage of the bus program began, within which it was planned to increase production to 6,000 buses and trolleybuses per year.
The year 2007 was marked by the start of production of the Lanos model in Lutsk, however, the corporation continued to focus on the production of large urban vehicles. So the Bogdan concern began the production of tourist buses, and in 2008 a plant for the production of trucks and commercial vehicles was opened in Cherkasy.
Production started in 2009 commercial vehicle own development- Bogdan 2310, which was based on the well-known model Lada 2110.
Today, Bogdan Motors is the largest automobile manufacturer in the CIS, specializing in the production of cars and commercial vehicles. All models are manufactured using high-quality components of domestic and foreign companies on high-tech equipment of German and Japanese production.
In our catalog you will find the most detailed information about the manufacturer, and you can also read the description and see photos of the models produced.
LuAZ-969 "Volyn"- a family of Soviet passenger-and-freight minicars off-road, produced at the Lutsk Automobile Plant in total from 1966 to 2001.
GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE FAMILY
The family included the following models:
- LuAZ-969V (1967-72);
- LuAZ-969 (1971-75);
- LuAZ-969A (1975-1979);
- LuAZ-969M (1979-1996).
Cars are also closely related to it:
- LuAZ-1301;
- LuAZ-1302;
- LuAZ-2403.
LuAZ-969 was the first Soviet front-wheel drive car (the “969V” version without rear axle drive). Also, LuAZ-969 is the first SUV, former subject consumer, that is, officially sold "for personal use." In addition, the LuAZ-969 is the first mass-produced Soviet car designed specifically for the needs of the villagers.
Functional design and simplified bodywork, providing only the most minimal comfort, corresponded to the purpose of the car, and its cross-country ability is outstanding to this day.
The car caused and causes polar assessments and opinions. Many owners note the very high cross-country ability and practicality of Volyn. Others scold them for poor workmanship, low comfort, very difficult access to the front seats, laborious maintenance and lack of dynamics. Objectively, this car was generally not bad for the tasks that were set for it - operation in rural areas, mainly in bad roads, where a high maximum speed is not important, but good finish the cabin only complicates its cleaning from the dirt that is inevitable in such conditions. Inconvenient access to the driver's seat is reverse side vehicle layout that provides good loading of the front axle and, accordingly, high cross-country ability even with the rear axle disabled. A clear objective disadvantage of the car was the engine from Zaporozhets - noisy, not powerful enough and short-lived, having a torque curve that was unfavorable for an off-road vehicle - which was corrected in later modifications. The complexity of maintenance corresponds to the design features of the chassis of an all-wheel drive car with a rather complex transmission.
Light SUVs similar in class for the army or villagers were also created abroad - for example, the West German DKW Munga (1956-1968), Haflinger (1959-1974) and Volkswagen Iltis (1978-1988), Farmobil (1962-1966), East German Wartburg 353-400 Jagdwagen and others.
BACKGROUND
The history of the 969 family must begin with a description previous model- amphibian LuAZ-967, put into service Soviet army as TPK - "front line conveyor".
During the years of the Korean War (1949-53), a need was revealed for a light, floating all-terrain vehicle for transporting ammunition, evacuating the wounded from the battlefield, reconnaissance, towing light guns and mortars, and similar tasks. GAZ-69, for all its positive qualities, was not quite suitable for performing these functions, as was the overly specialized amphibious GAZ-46 created on its basis (MAV - “small waterfowl car”).
Development began in the mid-fifties at NAMI by a group led by B. M. Fitterman. The prototype, designated NAMI-049 "Spark", was ready by 1958. It had a fiberglass body with a reinforced base, independent trailing arm torsion bar suspension, permanent drive to the front and rear axles connected through a lockable center differential, lockable axle differentials, wheel gears and a two-cylinder motorcycle-type engine MD-65 with a power of 22 hp. The latter turned out to be unnecessarily weak, had a small resource and did not develop the proper traction properties. In addition, the plastic body turned out to be unnecessarily fragile, especially considering the requirement to provide the possibility of landing by parachute.
The second sample was designated NAMI-049A. NAMI specialists from the Zaporozhye plant were involved in its development, who in those years were just working on the project subcompact car"Zaporozhets". For a military amphibian, one of the engine options designed for the Zaporozhets was considered suitable - a V-shaped, four-cylinder, with air-cooled. Further work on the subcompact and amphibian was carried out in parallel.
The NAMI-049A engine was basically unified with the Zaporozhets serial engine, including a cooling system with a fan that drives the air coming from the air intakes located on the side through the cylinder fins. The main difference was the working volume of the amphibian engine carried away to 887 cm³ - subsequently Zaporozhets also began to be equipped with engines of this volume.
In addition, instead of a plastic case, an open steel case with an awning was used, the center differential was abandoned, and the rear axle was switched off. The suspension was reinforced to enable parachute landing. The driver's seat was placed in the middle of the car, an orderly sat with his back to him, and the sides of the body were occupied by a stretcher with the wounded. Propeller screw absent - the car moved on the water due to the rotation of the wheels, so that compared to the "real" amphibians, it was less adapted to swimming, but more to moving on land.
In its final form, the car received the designation LuAZ-967 and began to be produced in Lutsk since 1961. Prior to this, the plant repaired vans, manufactured shower units and conveyors for silage masses of the TSM-6.5 model.
DEVELOPMENT AND MASTERING IN PRODUCTION
The development of virgin lands required the creation specialized vehicle high cross for agriculture. The GAZ-69 turned out to be again too large and heavy for many situations, in addition, excessively expensive, while the experience of operating the GAZ-M-72 and Moskvich-410 off-road vehicles created on the basis of mass-produced passenger cars was not entirely successful. The solution was found in the conversion of the LuAZ-967 military all-terrain vehicle into a civilian version.
The design was carried out by the team of the Zaporozhye plant, initially the car was designated as ZAZ-969. It differed from the military version primarily in the body, which acquired a more traditional shape and lost its ability to float (but remained open, albeit with fastened canvas sidewalls). The driver and passengers were also placed more traditionally, but in terms of comfort and interior trim, the car did not go far from the military prototype. In 1964, a pilot batch of 50 units was produced at ZAZ-e.
At the Lutsk plant, based on this design, but with numerous changes, they created their own version - LuAZ-969V (in some sources LuMZ-969V or ZAZ-969V). Prototypes were assembled in 1965, and an experimental batch appeared the following year. Mass production started in 1967. Due to the lack of drive units for the rear axle, the LuAZ-969V had a drive to the front wheels only, but the transmission had a power take-off shaft to drive the mounted and trailer equipment. The engine had the designation MeMZ-969 and developed a power of 30 hp.
7438 cars of this model were produced.
In 1971 (according to other sources - in 1969), problems with the supply of the necessary units were resolved, and the car was put into production in an all-wheel drive version, which was designated as LuAZ-969 or ZAZ-969 - without a letter. In those years, LuAZ was included in a single Production Association With Zaporozhye plant, and for some time its products bore the designation "ZAZ" (not to be confused with the experimental batch of ZAZ-969 of the 1964 model).
The all-wheel drive version had a very good cross-country ability due to good loading front axle, a lockable differential at the rear, high ground clearance provided by wheel reduction gears, and independent suspension of all wheels with large design strokes.
expected to be released and cargo modification, but for a number of reasons, she did not go into the series.
DESIGN
The body of the LuAZ-969 car is semi-supporting, with an integrated spar-type frame. The layout of the car is characterized by a strong displacement of the passenger compartment forward, which made it possible to achieve a constant high load on the front axle, thereby ensuring high traction and coupling properties even when driven only to the front wheels.
The LuAZ transmission as a whole is characterized by the relative simplicity of the device by the standards of off-road vehicles, which has a positive effect on the mass-dimensional characteristics and reliability. Engine, main gear and the gearbox are located in the front of the car and are combined into a single unit (transexl), partly similar to that used on Zaporozhets cars. Gear shifting is carried out by a floor lever, and the shift layout differs from the traditional (“mirror”): the first gear is engaged by moving the lever from neutral to yourself and back, the second - to yourself and forward, the third - from neutral back, the fourth - from neutral forward, reversing- from the neutral away from you and forward. Inside the gearbox housing there are also a power take-off mechanism with output shaft, used either to drive various agricultural equipment, or (on all-wheel drive versions) to drive the rear axle, and (also on all-wheel drive versions) a reduction gear. Transfer case as a separate unit is not available.
For all-wheel drive modifications, the rotation is transmitted from the power take-off shaft of the gearbox to the rear axle gearbox using a thin shaft that does not have hinges, enclosed inside the transmission pipe connecting the gearbox and rear axle housings. Thus, all transmission units of the car, except for the axle shafts, are essentially enclosed in a common sealed crankcase, which is a legacy of the amphibious past of LuAZ. The rear axle is disabled in the normal state of the transmission, it can be connected from the driver's seat, for which it is necessary to move the lever located to the left of the gear lever back. There is no center differential, so when driving on paved roads, the rear axle must be turned off, and the car becomes front-wheel drive. The same lever also controls the downshift, which changes gear ratios transmission in the entire operating range - to turn it on in the connected rear axle mode, you need to move the lever away from you and move it forward.
To prevent spinning of one of the rear wheels, the rear axle differential can be forcibly locked from the driver's seat by a curved lever located next to the parking brake lever. Locking mechanism - with gear clutch. There is no front axle differential lock, although its installation is quite possible in the order of tuning - the designers considered that the high loading of the front axle and the lockable rear axle differential were enough to provide the required level of patency, and did not complicate the car's transmission more than necessary.
Suspension - torsion bar, trailing arms, with very big moves. Wheels - 13-inch, with a developed mud tread pattern.
Brakes - drum on all wheels, with hydraulic drive, without booster.
MODERNIZATION
LUAZ-969A
In 1975 he went into the series LuAZ-969A with an improved MeMZ-969A engine (1.2 liters, 40 hp). External differences from the previous model were insignificant and consisted mainly in changing the design of the front of the car.
About 30.5 thousand cars of this model were produced.
In 1977, a batch of closed all-metal vans was also released. E. Thompson in his work on Soviet cars is designated as LuAZ-969F.
LUAZ-969M
Total information
| Manufacturer: | Lutsk Automobile Plant (Lutsk) |
Transmission
4-speed manual transmission
Characteristics
Mass-dimensional
| Weight: | 960-1360 kg |
Dynamic
| Max. speed: | 85 km/h |
Since 1979 has been mastered LuAZ-969M(in development since 1973), which differed mainly in the shape, design and bodywork, as well as an updated aggregate part.
This model was equipped, like its predecessor, with a 1.2-liter 40-horsepower MeMZ-969A engine, however, it was equipped with a separate brake drive with a hydraulic vacuum booster on the front circuit. The appearance of the car was modernized: the front panels, the shape of the windshield have changed. The doors were equipped with locks, their side windows received a rigid frame and opening "windows", a soft instrument panel, a safety steering column and "Zhiguli" seats appeared in the cabin.
Even before the launch of the LuAZ-969M series, it was highly appreciated at the USSR Exhibition of Economic Achievements, and in 1978 at the international salon in the city of Turin (Italy) it (as indicated in a number of sources) entered the top ten best cars Europe. In 1979, at the international exhibition in the city of Ceske Budejovice (Czechoslovakia), he received gold medal as one of the best cars for the villagers.
MODIFICATIONS
FAMILY "969"
- LuAZ-969V(1967-71) - temporary version, front-wheel drive;
- LuAZ-969(1971-75) - serial with a 4x4 wheel arrangement;
- LuAZ-969A(1975-1979) - the first modernization, MeMZ-969A engine;
- LuAZ-969M(1979-1992) - the second modernization, an updated body;
OTHER
- LuAZ-Proto(1988) - an alternative prototype LuAZ-1301 with a very modern design at that time and plastic body, developed in the Leningrad laboratory of NAMI under the leadership of G. Khainov in 1988-1989;
- LuAZ-13019 "Geologist"(1999) - a unique all-wheel drive three-axle (6x6) off-road floating truck based on units and assemblies LuAZ-1301 of the 1990 prototype with a diesel engine;
CAR NAMES
- "Volynyanka", "Volynka" - a popular nickname for the place of origin: Lutsk is the regional center of the Volyn region;
- "Lunokhod" - for wheel gears, giving the car a resemblance to this planetary rover;
- "Louise" is a popular nickname;
- "Jerboa" - a popular nickname;
- "Lumumzik" - from the designation of early versions of LuMZ-969;
- "BMW" - Fighting machine Volhynia;
- "Iron" - because of the shape of the body;
- "Jewish armored car" - a popular nickname;
- Fantomas is a popular nickname.
- "Hamer" - due to high cross
- "Luntik" - derived from the name "moon rover"
- "Piano" is a popular nickname.
- "Cheburashka" - similarity with a cartoon character due to large headlights
I will sell the car LuAZ-969M, 1985 onwards, color beige, mileage 400 km (!), one owner
.
It was purchased 30 years ago for specific purposes, but was never used for its intended purpose.
After a long garage storage, the cylinders of the front and rear brakes, clutch cylinder, vacuum cylinder. Replaced with new spark plugs, high voltage wires, brake switches, rubber seals and all front and rear gear oilers.
Improvements were made: the headlights were replaced with halogen ones; in the new headlights there were already lamps of dimensions, then I connected the standard dimensions as LED Daytime Running lights, which will automatically turn off when the dimensions are turned on. Additionally installed fog lights.
On dashboard a backlit button is installed to turn on the fog lights and a control red light for the operation of the generator.
The car is completely ready for operation. All documents are available.
In contact with
LuAZ-969, or "Volyn", as it is also called, is a Soviet passenger-and-freight small-capacity all-wheel drive vehicle. The development of the model began in 1966, and the LuAZ plant released it in 1979.
Later, the plant released an updated model LuAZ-969A in 1975, and the last brand, released in 1979, was named LuAZ-969M. It was produced until 1996.
Although even now he can boast of cross-country ability, but at that time it was a real breakthrough. The secret was simple: low vehicle weight, small wheelbase and high ground clearance. The entire range of LuAZ.
Car history
It all started almost randomly, in the 1950s, the repair shops were initially transformed into a car repair enterprise, and then into a machine-building enterprise. The plant produced agricultural equipment, along with trailers, and workers repaired trucks.
And suddenly, in NAMI, by order of the Ministry of Defense, a forward edge transporter - TPK was developed. It was a completely military concept. There was the presence of a motorized cart, which could be thrown with a parachute from the plane.
Leading Edge Conveyor - TPK
In addition to the driver, a couple of stretchers or six seated passengers could fit on board. The height did not exceed half a meter. Installed the system all-wheel drive and a winch. On top of that, it can be called an amphibian, as it moved through the water with the help of the rotation of the wheels.
The model was intended for transporting the wounded, transporting ammunition, as well as towing small guns. Judging by the photos, it's hard to believe that this is passenger car, but the designers were very warm to their offspring.
So, for example, in some sources, the debut variation, built in the 58th year, had the sweet name NAMI-049 "Spark".
There was a presence permanent drive on all wheels, interaxle and a pair of interwheel differentials with locks, wheel gears and independent torsion bar suspensions located on trailing arms, a not very strong fiberglass body and a 22-horsepower MD-65 motorcycle power unit.
All this was well suited to the prototype, but by no means for the adopted combat vehicle. Therefore, the second prototype, NAMI-049A, had an open steel body with an awning.
During the design improvements, it was decided not to use the center differential, so that you could move on the roadway, where there is a hard surface, the rear axle was made disconnectable.
The most important innovation was the installation of a more powerful 27-horsepower V-shaped 4-cylinder engine, the volume of which was about 0.9 liters. It had air cooling - they wanted to put a similar motor on the improved ZAZ-965A.
And this is not accidental, because specialists from the Zaporozhye Automobile Plant were involved in the development. Just in common with the popular "humped", and a little later "eared", determined the final architecture that touched the military transporter, and what kind of car it was turned into after conversion.
Model Conversion
After the transporter was developed, it was put into production in Lutsk, giving the name LuAZ-967. It will sound strange, but such cars were produced from the 61st to the 89th years and occasionally underwent modernization.
The model came into service with the army of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics in the 69th year. It was used in the Airborne Forces and motorized rifle units. In addition, it was delivered to the Warsaw Pact countries - for example, the GDR army had about 250 vehicles at its disposal.
According to numerous opinions, similar models before today No. The latest upgrade has already touched the 967M, which resembled a lightweight jeep rather than a cart with an engine. Some parts of the elements were unified with cars of other companies (for example, the electrical part was taken from UAZ, and the hydraulics were used from Moskvich).
The scope of the models was significantly expanded - they began to install small machine guns. Even with the beginning of the 90s, triaxial variations were shown, but they remained only prototypes.
The Lutsk Automobile Plant has a rich and eventful history, filled with the development of a large number of progressive technological methods, the introduction of bold and unique ideas, as well as the production of popular vehicles.
The Russian all-terrain vehicle was a "pioneer" in many ways. In particular, an all-wheel drive system was installed on it for the first time, it became the first car for the people, and in particular it was produced specifically for the needs of the rural population.
It is very interesting that the driver could drive the TPK while lying on a chair, or crawling next to the vehicle, while holding on to the steering wheel. This is the case when there is a strong shelling.
The engineering staff of the enterprise did a great job, producing this car LuAZ. Technical equipment machines were distributed using a whole list of the latest technologies. For example, each wheel had its own gearboxes that increased the ride height.
The drive shaft was enclosed in a pipe, with the help of which the car's patency was significantly improved. The wheel suspension was torsion bar and independent. Considering all this, the LuAZ 969 Volyn was distinguished by its ease, which was due to the relatively low number of equipment and the presence of a full-supporting structure.
But the model also had its flaws, so from the beginning of the 1970s, there was a start on modernization. Initially, the design staff of the enterprise tried to increase the power of the power unit. Moreover, restyling has spread to the chassis, bodywork, as well as the interior.
Appearance
Despite its small size, the body consists of an integrated spar-type frame. Volyn is equipped with an awning top, which allows it to be universal. Small doors hang on hinges, thereby simplifying installation and dismantling.
The 969 model differs from other cars in that the wipers are attached from above, and not like other cars - from below, which is a positive moment when driving in bad weather.
If in the previous model the arches were necessary only for attaching the awning, then in the “M” version they are already in a reinforced state. They protected the interior when the car rolled over. When updating, the LuAZ-969M received new lighting equipment. Locks were put on the doors, seat belts appeared.
One of the most serious shortcomings of the "bagpipe" body was its predisposition to corrosion. But this minus can be easily solved with a simple brush. The awning does not have any particularly negative points, however, those who like to travel along forest roads should put a solid metal roof.
Then it will no longer be scary that the branches can tear the roof. With the advent of the update, the appearance of the vehicle has changed. For the first time, "Bagpipes" began to have full-fledged windows.
Besides, Special attention was given to the moment with sound insulation. Installed Windshield with a different shape, and the doors were already with locks (this is what you thought about, you didn’t install locks before!).
The front body part has become not so angular, and the car began to look different. Not so easy to believe, however small car, from a small city in the big Soviet Union, was able to achieve international recognition.
And these are not just words, for example, even before serial production, in the 78th year, at the International Motor Show, which was in Turin, the 969th model entered the 10 best off-road vehicles in Europe!
It is clear that the automotive market for off-road models was previously a little different, but this does not change the essence of the matter.
Salon
The SUV seat is borrowed from ZAZ. Among the sensors and instruments, you can find an ammeter that shows the voltage in the mains. By the way temperature transmission oil also displayed for the driver.
Interior trim, to put it mildly, leaves much to be desired. Everything is very simple and retro style. The car was clearly not created for urban traffic, but mainly for off-road driving, which means for the village.
Standard for army vehicles the instrument panel received a more civilian look and became visually more pleasing. Some inconvenience comes from the seats, especially this can be attributed to the rear seats.
Very often, vehicle owners decide to change the door upholstery and ceiling covering. This serves to reduce noise. When they decided to upgrade the car, he began to have:
- Updated front panel;
- A different shape of the windshield;
- Doors with locks and window frames;
- plastic dashboard;
- Safety steering column and chairs from Zhiguli.
After the collapse of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, in the 91st year, Ukraine decided to secede from the USSR, so it has already become an independent state. Connections automobile enterprise with the Russian Federation were terminated.
In addition to the power unit, model 1302 borrowed chairs from Tavria, because it was already impossible to take from the Zhiguli.
"Volyn" was notable for its good capacity and solid transportation properties. If you fold the tailgate, it was possible to transport quite impressive dimensions there.
Many explain the asceticism of the car interior by the fact that during the use of the model in rural areas, where dust and dirt are inevitable, comfort and rich interior decoration would be the very last thing. Why?
Because cleaning it would always be very problematic. Of course, there is a canvas top, under which it is very hot in summer, and cool in cold weather, so you have to warm yourself with improvised methods.
But together with the driver, six rather massive representatives can go hunting or fishing forte humanity in hunting gear - and this is not every car can.
In the event that the rear seats are laid out, the 969th model can take an additional 400 kilograms of luggage with it, which will be very useful for fishermen and hunters.
Specifications
power unit
The LuAZ-969M is powered by the MEMZ 969A engine, located in a V-shape and air-cooled. This of course simplifies the design, but on the other hand, if necessary, does not provide it with proper cooling.
The unit comes with a volume of 1.2 liters and produces 40 horsepower. One of the disadvantages of the LuAZ car is the power unit that migrated from the Zaporozhets. Among the main disadvantages are:
- Constant filling with oil;
- It is not durable and reliable (the average life of the motor is about 50-60,000 km);
- It has a lot of noise and fairly weak power.
Therefore, if you plan to buy this SUV for yourself, you should stock up on a second spare engine.
A similar power unit was installed on some cars of the Zaporozhets brand. Based on the passport data, average consumption fuel, this mini-SUV when driving at a speed of 60 km / h, is 10.0 liters per hundred.
In other words, a full tank of "Bagpipe" should be enough for 300 - 350 km. But you should understand that this car Luaz 969 will not allow you to develop a very large top speed, as it is set at 85 km/h.
However, this should not be too surprising, because it was created not for racing tracks, but for off-road driving, where it fully reveals its advantages. It will not be superfluous to say that the native power unit can be completed so that its power will be increased to 50 horsepower.
This can be called the most optimal solution, since the engine from other cars will entail too heavy loads, and this, in turn, will lead to repeated breakdowns. Gasoline, brand A-76 is used. It accelerates to 80 km / h in 24 seconds.
Transmission
Synchronized engine with 4-speed mechanical box gears. The capacity of the gas tank is 34 liters. 969M has an independent torsion bar suspension. LuAZ is equipped with a reduction gear, which provides the necessary start and effort in front of any obstacle.
In standard mode, the front wheels drive the machine, but if necessary, you can connect the rear axle and engage the rear differential lock. Drum hydraulic brakes are installed both at the rear and front of the car. The machine provides an acceptable cross.
The transmission, on the other hand, stands out for its reliable qualities, although it has its own “surprises”, for example, mixed gears, etc. The gearbox is strong enough, so problems with it, if any, are extremely rare. But it also has its own "surprises", in the form of confused speeds, and so on.
There is an additional downshift at all forward speeds. The clutch is single disc, dry. If we talk about the transmission, then the car has a very simple design, which will not cause problems for car lovers.
But the only drawback is that it's not easy to search necessary spare parts, due to the fact that Luaz has long been discontinued. The details themselves have a completely democratic value. Given the feedback from the owners of this SUV, we can conclude that most of them are positive characteristics.
Suspension
The ride height is a solid 280 millimeters. The type of front and rear suspension is independent, torsion bar, where available trailing arms on the suspension axle. They also provided for the installation of hydraulic telescopic shock absorbers of bilateral functioning.
Brake system. It was borrowed from, which in turn does not broadcast good quality. The drive is hydraulic, double-circuit. There is a hydraulic vacuum booster - in the circuit hydraulic drive front wheels. The hand lever-cable type parking brake acts on the brakes on the rear wheels.
Steering
It is deprived hydraulic booster steering wheel. The steering mechanism includes the presence of a globoidal worm with a double-ridged roller. The steering gear received a bipod, longitudinal tie rod, a steering linkage with left and right pendulum levers, as well as steering knuckles.
The steering column looks good if you properly care for it, for example, regularly lubricate the steering rods with a syringe. Wheel gears often start to leak. Therefore, it is necessary to have repair skills, which, by the way, you will acquire when repairing Luaz.
| Length, mm | 3390 |
| Width, mm | 1610 |
| Height, mm | 1780 |
| Ground clearance, mm | 280 |
| Front track, mm | 1325 |
| Rear track, mm | 1320 |
| Wheel base, mm | 1800 |
| Turning diameter, m | 10 |
| Curb weight, kg | 960 |
| Gross weight, kg | 1360 |
| Drive unit | full |
| engine's type | petrol |
| Number of cylinders / arrangement | 4/V-shaped |
| Engine power, hp / rpm | 40/4200 |
| Engine displacement, cm³ | 1200 |
| Type of fuel | A-76 |
| Fuel tank volume, l. | 34 |
| Maximum speed, km/h. | 90 |
| Fuel consumption in the urban cycle, l per 100 km. | 15.0 |
| Fuel consumption on the highway, l per 100 km. | 10.0 |
| Fuel consumption in the combined cycle, l per 100 km. | 12.0 |
| Gearbox type | mechanical, 4 gears |
| Front / rear suspension | independent, torsion |
| Front/rear brakes | drums |
| Tire size | 175/80R13 |
| Disc size | 4.5J X 13 |
Modifications
As you know, the TPK, in which our model was able to be born, had several modifications, for example - three-axle vehicles. It is clear that Volyn itself has a considerable number of variations. Interestingly, the vast majority were already produced in post Soviet time on the platform of the machine 1302.
The enterprise at one time tried to join the laws of the market economy and have time to fulfill the state order. There is information about models where there is a body, an extended wheelbase, a hard top, an extended rear overhang and four doors.
It took place and special version"Foros", which had a "jeeper" appearance and the original 6-wheeled floating "Geologist". Data transport models"birthmark" army car the leading edge could pass without difficulty in those places where the more massive models of GAZ, UAZ and Niva simply “surrendered”.
Division 969
- LuAZ-969V - the model was produced in the period from 1967 to 1971 and was a temporary version with front-wheel drive.
- LuAZ-969 - the car was produced from 1971 to 1975. It was a serial variation and had a 4x4 wheel arrangement.
- LuAZ-969A - produced from 1975 to 1979. The car represented the first modernization with the MeMZ-969A power unit.
- LuAZ-969M is a car of the second modernization, produced from 1979 to 1992. The model came with an updated body.
Reliability and security
If we talk about the durability and reliability of this vehicle, then there are many conflicting opinions among drivers. A clear advantage you can call Zaporozhye itself power system which is included with the machine.
It is located in front, which avoids the difficulty of overheating it. However, it also has its own rather weighty drawback - low motor resource.
Speaking about the devices themselves, which ensure the safety of the driver and passengers of the car, they simply do not exist in this model. There are no seat belts, pillows, which are simply “stuffed” with cars of the latest generations.
Such decisions can be explained quite easily - in those years when the car was designed, no one thought much about it. Therefore, driving such an off-road car, you will get unique sensations that cannot be found on modern jeeps.
Prices and equipment
Since the vehicle was removed from serial production for a long time, it is possible to buy it only second-hand. So that the choice is not erroneous, you need to scrupulously find a car and review a whole stack of ads.
It often happens that the car has been corroded, and it is very unpleasant when the rust eats away at the bottom. Generally speaking, the Bagpipe always had such a drawback, therefore, after the purchase, often car owners there is nothing left but to cook the body in a new way.
Although, if you look at its cost from a different angle, which ranges from $ 200 to $ 1,000, a compact Soviet SUV can be forgiven, if not all, then a lot. Interestingly, you can find ads on the net where a Lutsk car is sold from $3,000 to $5,000.
