Ural-4320 is a dual-purpose off-road truck with a 6 × 6 wheel arrangement, produced at the Ural Automobile Plant in Miass (Russia), including for use in the armed forces in the Susha family of unified army vehicles until 1998. Thanks to good unification, most truck parts were borrowed from previous models.
Ural-4320 was designed to transport goods, people and trailers on all types of roads. It has significant advantages over similar vehicles: it easily overcomes wetlands, fords up to 1.5 m, ditches up to 2 m, ditches, slopes up to 60 ‰. In 1986, more than a million trucks were produced. To date, Ural is produced with a diesel 230/300-horsepower engine (Euro-2).
Story
Production began in 1977, this truck is produced to this day.
The main difference from the Ural-375D line is the presence of a diesel engine.
Initially, the Ural-4320 was equipped with a KamAZ-740 engine, but as a result of a fire at the KamAZ engine plant in 1993, the supply of this engine ceased, and the YaMZ-236 and YaMZ-238 engines of the Yaroslavl Motor Plant began to be used. Initially, modifications with the YaMZ-238 engine differed outwardly in a longer engine compartment, and cars with the YaMZ-236 engine retained the same engine compartment as cars with the KAMAZ-740 engine (the differences are in cars with the YaMZ-236 air filter on the right wing). Since the mid-2000s, all cars, regardless of engine model, have been produced with an extended engine compartment.
Since the mid-1990s, a wide bumper with headlights appeared on the Ural-4320 and Ural-5557, and plastic plugs appeared in the wings, at the old headlight attachment points. However, exclusively for the needs of the Ministry of Defense, by special order, cars with a narrow bumper and headlights in the wings are still being delivered.
Since 2009, a new cab with fiberglass front plumage has been installed on cars of the series.
Modifications
Ural-4320-****-**- chassis with a standard ("classic") metal cabin, carrying capacity of about 7-9 tons;
Ural-4320-19**-**- long-wheelbase chassis with a load capacity of about 12 tons;
Ural-43203-****-**- Chassis with reinforced front suspension;
Ural-43204-****-**- chassis of a pipe-carrying tractor, increased carrying capacity;
Ural-44202-****-**- a truck tractor for operation with a semi-trailer on all types of roads;
Ural-5557/55571-****-**- chassis for installation of process equipment and special installations weighing ~12-14 tons with low-profile wide tires with adjustable wheel inflation, which significantly increases the car's cross-country ability;
Ural-43206-****-**- chassis with wheel formula 4×4;
Cockpit and plumage options:
Ural-4320*/5557*-****-40/41- all-metal, three-seater, two-door cab, cars with a double four-door cab are also produced under the index;
Ural-4320*/5557*-****-44- all-metal, triple, two-door cabin with a sleeping bag;
Ural-4320*/5557*-****-48/58/59- version with a new more voluminous comfortable hood-type cab, plastic plumage, sprung driver's seat;
Specifications Ural-4320:
| Production years | 1977-present |
| Assembly | JSC Automobile Plant Ural |
| Class | off-road truck |
| Design | |
| Body type(s) | airborne |
| Layout | front-engine, all-wheel drive |
| Wheel formula | 6x6 |
| Engines | KamAZ-740, YaMZ-236NE2 or YaMZ-238 |
| Transmission | mechanical 5-speed |
| The transfer box is two-stage. | |
| gear ratios | 1 gear - 2.05; 2nd gear - 1.30 (since 2002 gear ratio 2nd gear - 1.21). |
| The main gear of the drive axles is double, the gear ratio is 7.32. | |
| Mass-dimensional | |
| Length | 7366 mm |
| Width | 2500 mm |
| Height | 2715 (with tarpaulin 3005) mm |
| Clearance | 400 mm |
| Wheelbase | 3525+1400 mm |
| Rear track | 2000 mm |
| Front track | 2000 mm |
| dynamic | |
| Max. speed | 85 km/h |
| On the market | |
| Predecessor | Ural-375D |
| Similar models | ZIL-131, KrAZ-255B |
| Other | |
| Fuel consumption | 27 l/100 km at 40 km/h |
| Volume of the tank | 300 + 60 l |
It has become popular, at the same time expensive, to have a high-quality and powerful motorcycle from well-known global suppliers. But our bike is a motorcycle Ural not far removed from foreign motorcycles, if you look at the prices, you will go crazy, the price is like a car. Therefore, little is bought on the domestic market for new Urals, although they are supplied for the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation and other law enforcement agencies, but abroad they are in some, albeit small, but definite demand. Most of the motorcycles of obsolete models available to the population, released in the last century, the prices in those days were affordable. Speaking about the Ural motorcycle, the first thing that comes to mind is what kind of engine it is. IMZ-8.103-10 (IMZ-8.103-30, M-67-36), are there flaws And weak spots because it is the qualities and characteristics engine underlie the characteristics motorcycle Ural.
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Characteristics motorcycle modification engines Ural |
M62 |
M63 |
M66 |
M67 |
M67-36 |
IMZ-8-103 |
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Type engine |
4-stroke, carburetor, 2-cylinder, opposed, air-cooled, combined lubrication system |
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Wed gasoline consumption per 100 km, l |
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Working volume, cm 3 |
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Cylinder diameter, mm |
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Piston stroke, mm |
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The degree of compression of the combustible mixture |
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Max. power, l. With |
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Max. power, kWt |
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Rotational frequency crankshaft at max. power, rpm |
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Max. torque, Nm |
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Carburetor brand (2 pcs.) |
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Air cleaner type |
Combined inertial contact-oil filter with two-stage cleaning |
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Characteristics of transmissions of modifications of motorcycles Ural |
M62 |
M63 |
M66 |
M67 |
M67-36 |
IMZ-8-103 |
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clutch type |
Dry 2-disc driven discs with overlays on both sides |
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Cardan type |
With cardan shaft and flexible coupling and needle bearing joint |
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Main gear type |
With 2 bevel wheels with helical teeth, gear ratio -4.62 |
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Gearbox type |
4-speed, has gear ratios in I, II, III, IV gears 3.6; 2.28; 1.7; 1.3 respectively |
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Refueling volumes of gasoline and oils of modifications of Ural motorcycles, in liters |
M62 |
M63 |
M66 |
M67 |
M67-36 |
IMZ-8-103 |
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In the fuel tank, (gasoline A-80) |
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In the crankcase |
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In the crankcase |
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In the main gear housing |
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In the air cleaner |
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Weak points of the engine IMZ-8.103-10 (IMZ-8.103-30, M-67-36) of the Ural motorcycle
- Kick starter (kickstarter);
- Gas and clutch cables;
- Generator;
- carburetors;
- cylinder heads;
- Reverse gear (gearbox).
In more detail about the weak points of the motor ...
Kick starter (kickstarter)
The foot starter of the IMZ-8.103-10 engine is a weak point due to the pawl slipping. The malfunction is eliminated after dismantling the gearbox and disassembling it with rearrangement of the pawl by the other side or its replacement. I have an assumption that the metal of the dog with low hardness. On the other hand, if the pawl is made harder, then the gear will fail. You need to choose the golden mean.
Throttle and clutch cables
Clutch control and fuel supply cables are a weak point due to the short period of use. To put it simply, they are torn, and before that they are stretched, which makes it necessary to adjust the timing of the fuel mixture supply, as well as the clutch.
The generator does not run for a long time.
Gasoline enters the floats, after which it fills the cylinder with gasoline. In addition, carburetors are not matched to these engines, half of the fuel flies into the wind, which is not economical. It would not be bad if one carburetor was put on the engine instead of two.
cylinder heads
You can not overtighten the candles on the heads, the threads break quite easily. It is impossible to overheat the engine, the result will be clearly visible on the heads, the studs are pulled out, leading the landing plane of the heads. If it was not possible to avoid breaking the thread for the spark plug, contact a familiar turner; he will be happy to repair it for a modest fee and install a steel threaded bushing. I can recommend the same for wear on valve seats and chamfers. It is much cheaper to repair heads than to buy new ones, a good turner can do this, just spit.
Reverse gear (gearbox)
Reverse gear does not work for a long time due to rapid wear of the reverse gear in the gearbox.
Disadvantages of the engine IMZ-8.103-10 (IMZ-8.103-30, M-67-36) of the Ural motorcycle
- Small resource;
- Difficulty starting or not starting at all
- In hot weather, in lower gears, it gets very hot;
- Interruptions in the operation of the cylinders;
- knocking;
- High fuel consumption;
- There are a sufficient number of cases of inaccuracies in the manufacture of the engine crankcase at the points of attachment of the cylinders;
- Oil is leaking at the joints.
More about the disadvantages...
small resource
In contrast to the engines of analog imported motorcycles, the resource of the IMZ-8.103-10 engine before repair is small from 20 to 45 thousand km, which is explained by the increased wear of parts of the crank and piston group. Increased wear is a consequence of insufficient air cooling, as well as from not very good quality parts (material, manufacturing accuracy).
Hard to start or won't start at all
For the most part, starting the IMZ-8.103-10 engine is difficult when the ignition, fuel supply and gaps in the valves of the gas distribution mechanism (between the rods and rocker arms) are not adjusted. The reason may be low compression in the cylinders, clogged carburetor jets, water in the carburetors, candles do not work, the condenser is out of order, a lean fuel mixture coming from the carburetors (a lot of fuel).
In hot weather, in lower gears, it gets very hot
Unfortunately, air cooling adversely affects the engine when operating in hot weather. Therefore, in the heat when driving in lower gears, overheating should not be allowed, so it is necessary to stop more often to cool the engine. If the engine is new, then you can easily overheat.
Interruptions in the work of cylinders
To a greater extent, interruptions in the operation of the cylinders are caused by the lack of synchronous operation of the cylinders due to the different amount of the supply of combustible mixture, but by a violation in the adjustment of the valves.
The cause of engine knocking may be: earlier ignition; overheat; wear of pistons, rings, fingers; wear of the crankshaft main bearings; valve adjustment is broken.
High fuel consumption
Carburettors are simple and uneconomical, the consumption is even according to the instruction manual, like that of a Zhiguli, but in reality it is even more. In Soviet times, they didn’t think about efficiency, and drivers poured gasoline into the ground, there was nowhere to put it. These days, for a motorcycle, such fuel costs are too high.
There are a sufficient number of cases of inaccuracies in the manufacture of the engine crankcase at the points of attachment of the cylinders
This leads to overheating of the cylinder due to the difference in size until the upper plane of the pistons at the top dead center coincides with the upper edge of the cylinders. In the event that one of the cylinders overheats and nothing can be cured, as an option, it is necessary to check whether the piston at its highest point reaches the upper plane of the cylinder, if not, then this is the problem. To eliminate overheating, it is necessary to bring the symmetry of dimensions, for which, gaskets are removed from under one of the cylinders, and a heat-resistant sealant is used in its place when mounting the cylinder. It is possible to install a thin gasket.
Oil leaks at joints
This disease does not affect the operation of the engine, the leaks are small. But the engine, littered with dust adhering to the oil, has to be washed. Tightening the head covers, oil pan does not help. After replacing the seals after some time, the oil starts to leak again. It also leaks along the seals of the valve stem guide bushings.
In conclusion, many probably thought that the IMZ-8.103-10 engine is just a bucket of bolts ... Well, what can you do, we are used to digging into motorcycles since childhood, or rather repairing them. Therefore, many people miss the bulkhead of the engine with their own hands. This is a joke, of course, but there is some truth in every joke. In general, if you properly monitor the engine, carry out maintenance in a timely manner, then of course you can take it. With a high flow rate, the problem is solved by installing one carburetor from the car. The engine is very simple and very easy to repair. The engine, like the Ural motorcycle itself, is well suited for tuning.
5 10 ..DESIGN OF ENGINES OF MOTORCYCLES "URAL", "DNEPR" - PART 1
The engines of all models of heavy-duty motorcycles "Dnepr" and "Ural" have the same design scheme (Fig. 2.2 - 2.10). They are two-cylinder, four-stroke, carbureted, air-cooled and with opposed (located in the same plane towards each other) placement of cylinders in a horizontal plane. This arrangement provides high balancing of the crank mechanism and good conditions for engine cooling.
Rice. 2.2. MT10-32 engine (horizontal section): 1 - cylinder head cover; 2 - gasket; 3 - head of the right cylinder with valves; 4 - cylinder head gasket; 5 - right carburetor; 6 - cylinder; 7 - filler plug; 8 - rubber stopper; 9 - rod casing; 10 - left carburetor; 11 - carburetor gasket; 12 - left cylinder head with valves; 13 - spark plug; 14 - generator gasket; 15 - emergency oil pressure sensor; 16 - piston with rings and fingers; 17 - piston pin lock ring; 18 - inlet valve; 19 - exhaust pipe fastening nut; 20 - valve stem tip; 21 - right rocker; 22 - exhaust valve; 23 - adjusting bolt; 24 - locknut; 25 - lower plate; 26 - external valve spring; 27 - internal valve spring; 28 - top plate; 29 - left rocker; 30 - cracker
Rice. 2.3. MT10-32 engine (cross section): 1 - rod; 2 - sealing sleeve; 3 - engine crankcase; 4 - pusher; 5 - breather outlet tube; 6 - special nut; 7 - high voltage wire; B - cylinder gasket; 9 - crankshaft with connecting rods; 10 - pallet; 11 - pan gasket, 12 - drain tube; 13 - oil scraper ring; 14 - compressor ring; 15 - piston; 16 - piston pin; 17 - retaining ring; 18 - spring; 19 - pusher guide; 20 - pusher
Rice. 2.4. MT10-32 engine (vertical section): 1 - oil pump drive gear; 2 - front bearing housing with oil pump; 3 - centrifuge screen; 4 - distributor drive gear; 5 - gasket; 6 - centrifuge washer; 7 - sealing ring; 8 - centrifuge washer gasket; 9 - centrifuge body; 10 - centrifuge cover; 11 - sealing ring; 12 - breaker cover holder with strap; 13 - interrupter; 14 - cover fastening nut; 15 - breather; 16 - retaining ring; 17 - ignition coil; 18 - front crankcase cover; 19 - front camshaft bearing; 20 - camshaft with gear; 21 - generator with gear; 22 - flywheel with clutch fingers; 23 - rear camshaft bearing; 24 - crankshaft oil seal; 25 - pressure drive clutch disc; 26 - clutch driven disc; 27 - flywheel locking washer; 28 - flywheel key; 29 - flywheel mounting bolt; 30 - rear bearing of the crankshaft; 31 - leading clutch disc; 32 - intermediate drive clutch disc; 33 - pallet gasket; 34 - drain plug; 35 - clutch spring; 36 - oil receiver; 37 - oil collecting tube; 38 - gasket; 39 - front crankshaft bearing; 40 - junction box cover; 41 - cotter pin; 42 - cork; 43 - spring; 44 - ball
Rice. 2.5. MT801 engine (cross section): 1 - head cover; 2 - axis of the rocker; 3 - gasket; 4 - left cylinder head; 5 - rod; 6 - rod casing; 7 - sealing cap; 8 - pusher; 9 - camshaft; 10 - a bolt of fastening of a collar of the generator; 11 - generator collar; 12 - generator; 13 - breather outlet tube; 14 - crankshaft; 15 - engine crankcase; 16 - nut for fastening the cylinder head; 17 - high voltage wire; 18 - candle tip; 19 - right cylinder head; 20 - cylinder gasket; 21 - connecting rod bolt; 22 - connecting rod cover; 23 - connecting rod insert; 24 - pallet gasket; 25 - pallet; 26 - connecting rod bolt nut; 27 - cotter pin; 28 - laying a drainage tube; 29 - drainage tube; 30 - connecting rod; 31 - cylinder; 32 - oil scraper ring; 33 - compression ring; 34 - cylinder head gasket; 35 - piston pin; 36 - piston; 37 - bushing; 38 - head cover fastening nut
Rice. 2.6. MT801 engine (longitudinal section): 1 - front crankcase cover; 2 - breaker-distributor; 3 - camshaft seal; 4 - breather; 5 - camshaft gear; 6 - paper gasket; 7 - sealing gasket of the generator; 8 - front camshaft bearing; 9 - rear camshaft bearing; 10 - generator stop;
11 - flywheel; 12 - screw for fastening the clutch thrust disc; 13 - transmission stud; 14 - driven clutch disc; 15 - intermediate drive clutch disc; 16 - driven clutch disc; 17 - pressure drive clutch disc; 18 - flywheel mounting bolt; 19 - lock washer; 20 - oil deflector washer; 21 - crankshaft oil seal; 22 - rear crankshaft bearing; 23 - drain plug; 24 - gasket; 25 - clutch spring; 26 - pressure reducing valve spring; 27 - pressure reducing valve; 28 - oil receiver; 29 - oil intake tube; 30 - tube fastening nut; 31 - oil pump housing; 32 - driven gear of the oil pump; 33 - gasket of the oil pump housing; 34 - cover of the oil pump housing; 35
- oil pump drive gear; 36 - front bearing housing; 37 - oil pump drive gear; 38 - front crankshaft bearing; 39 - centrifuge screen; 40 - distribution drive gear; 41 - centrifuge cover; 42 - centrifuge body; 43 - junction box cover
Rice. 2.7. MT801 engine (horizontal section): 1 - emergency oil pressure sensor; 2 - nut for fastening the exhaust pipe; 3 - sealing ring; 4 - sealing split ring; 5 - valve seat; 6 - valve; 7 - valve guide; 8 - outer spring of the valve; 9 - internal valve spring; 10 - top plate; 11 - cracker; 12 - rocker; 13 - locknut; 14 - adjusting bolt; 15 - bottom plate; 16 - gasket; 17 - carburetor gasket; 18 - carburetor
Rice. 2.8. K-750M engine (cross section): 1 - cylinder head; 2 - spark plug; 3 - cylinder; 4 - cover screw; 5 - valve box cover; 6 - gasket; 7 - generator collar; 8 - pusher; 9 - pusher guide; 10 - pusher adjustment bolt with locknut; 11 - lower valve plate; 12 - cracker; 13 - valve; 14 - valve spring; 15 - upper plate of the valve; 16 - sealing gasket; 17 - a bolt of fastening of a head of the cylinder; 18 - cylinder head gasket; 19 - piston; 20 - piston compressor ring; 21 - piston oil scraper ring; 22 - piston pin; 23 - bushing of the small head of the connecting rod; 24 - connecting rod; 25 - cylinder gasket; 26 - coarse oil line; 27 - bearing of the lower head of the connecting rod;
28 - breather vent pipe
Rice. 2.9. K-750 engine (longitudinal section): 1 - crankshaft; 2 - lock washer; 3 - flywheel mounting bolt; 4 - flywheel; 5 - generator stop; 6 - oil catcher; 7 - camshaft; 8 - camshaft bearing; 9 - cover distributor of non-boxes; 10 - generator; 11 - generator gear; 12 - generator gasket; 13 - camshaft gear; 14 - breather; 15 - front crankcase cover; 16 - stuffing box; 17 - crankshaft gear; 18 bearing housing cover; 19 - bearing housing; 20 - sealing gasket;
21 - crankcase; 22 - pallet gasket; 23 - crankshaft rear bearing housing; 24 - gasket; 25 - stuffing box; 26 - gasket; 27 - drain plug; 28 - cover of the oil pump housing; 29 - oil pump gear; 30 - pallet; 31 - oil pump filter; 32 - oil pump housing; 33 - gasket for the oil pump housing; 34 - coupling coupling;
35 - gasket; 36 - filler plug with a measuring rod; 37 - connecting rod; 38 - oil pump drive gear bushing; 39 - oil pump drive gear;
40 - cork
At one time, the brainchild of the Irbit plant was in great demand. An excellent assistant in agriculture and serving as an excellent alternative to a car, the Ural had the ability to move on any road surface. At the moment, the plant has stopped the production of motorcycles. This happened due to a banal economic downturn. In recent decades, the assembly of the Ural motorcycle engine has become an analogue of the German BMW-R71, as well as the stubborn competitor of the Dnieper.
The engine of the Ural motorcycle, the technical characteristics of which may well compete with the new generation of motorcycles, is subject to severe wear. Therefore, often the owners have to independently sort out all the parts and replace them.
The Soviet bike is considered a heavy motorcycle designed for rural work and the transport of goods. At the same time, it has relatively small, but sufficient indicators. Ural motorcycle engine on Solo model, puts out 40 horsepower. And when boosting, you can achieve 55 hp. The maximum speed of the bike is 110 km/h. For such power, this is a rather modest indicator, because the weight of the motorcycle greatly affects the speed. However, the acceleration is fast and the dynamics of the bike are very pleasant for the rider.
The engine volume of the Ural motorcycle is 745 cm3, which makes it one of the largest in Russian production. Wherein torque reaches about 4000 rpm. Such engines are typical for motors with gearboxes, rather than for boxer ones.
Peculiarities
Some models have hydraulic brakes. It is located at the rear of the wheel on the hub and provides confident braking even at high speeds. The style of the bike is adjusted to wartime, especially the mirrors and the fuel tank.
The engine of the Ural, a motorcycle, the characteristics of which do not differ in power alone, has a number of advantages. Good cross-country ability due to a force commensurate with the mass allows you to easily move on loose or even wet ground. Therefore, the movement in the forests is not difficult. Moreover, the Irbit plant provided excellent resistance to climatic conditions. The motor starts even at -30 degrees. However, in hot weather, prolonged use may cause overheating. In such cases, motorists install forced cooling of the motorcycle engine.
Repair and maintenance
Hearing another knock on the engine, the owners of the Russian motorcycle understand that the evening will pass in the company of an iron friend. So with the Urals, frequent malfunctions are one of the features of the bike.
Here are the main engine problems and their causes:
- The motor won't start. This happens in cases where:
- no fuel enters the carburetor (clogging of the fuel supply system);
- there is no spark from the candle (breakage, soot or other reasons);
- violation of compression (lack of clearance in the valves, leaky fit or malfunction of the rings).
- uneven flow of fuel;
- water ingress;
- blockage in the fuel mixing system;
- problems with candles;
- violation of the integrity of the wiring;
- capacitor failure;
- excess gasoline entering the air-fuel mixture.
- early spark;
- severe overheating of the motor;
- problems with pistons and rings (grinding, chips, violation of the fit, etc.).
At the first sign of a breakdown, it is worth repairing the engine. Otherwise, you can aggravate the situation and the cost of repairs.
To avoid malfunctions, you must follow the rules for the operation and maintenance of the motorcycle. It is even important how much oil to fill in the Ural motorcycle engine. Excess will interfere with work, and a lack will contribute to the wear of parts. It is also necessary replace filters regularly, gaskets and other consumables.
In general, IMZ produced a great bike suitable for people of any age category. It is designed for both work and leisure. If you have a desire to buy a motorcycle for yourself, the Ural will be an excellent option with a small budget.
The truck produced by the Ural Automobile Plant has a universal purpose. It is designed both for the transportation of people and for the transportation of goods. TTX "Ural-4320" allow you to overcome impassable places at full load. This factor contributed to the widespread use of the machine in the army and in regions with difficult climatic conditions. The first model of the vehicle in question was released in 1977. In fact, the car is an improved copy of the Ural-375 car, which was produced for military needs.
Exterior
According to the TTX "Ural-4320", it is equipped with a body made of a metal platform and a tailgate. The car is equipped with benches, an awning and arches of a removable type. There are also additional lattice boards. The standard equipment includes a three-seater cabin, assembled from thick-walled sheet metal, made by stamping. Sophisticated glazing and rear-view mirrors make it possible to fully monitor the situation on the road and increase visibility.
Structurally, the body is made in the form of short overhangs, which improves the cross-country ability. The curb weight of the truck is 8.2 tons. The weight of the transported cargo is up to 67.8 tons with the possibility of towing 11 tons.
TTX "Ural-4320" military with YaMZ engine
One of the variations of the power plants on the truck in question was the YaMZ engine in various modifications. It is a four-stroke engine with an electric torch starter. A feature of the power unit is the moment that before the final completion of work, it must work at idle for a couple of minutes.
The motor fully meets European standards (Euro-3). The capacity of the fuel tank is about three hundred liters (some models are equipped with additional tanks of 60 liters). Diesel fuel consumption per hundred kilometers is from 30 to 40 liters, depending on the speed of movement and the presence of a towing device. The maximum speed of the car is 85 kilometers per hour.
Other power plant options
Developing the performance characteristics of the Ural-4320 engine, manufacturers have provided for the possibility of installing several types of motors. These include the following variations:
- Installation KAMAZ-740.10 - with a capacity of 230 horsepower, a volume of 10.85 liters, has 8 cylinders, operates on diesel fuel;
- YaMZ-226 - runs on diesel fuel, power is 180 horses;
- YaMZ-236 NE2 has a volume of 11.15 liters, a power of 230 horses, turbocharging, four cycles;
- In addition, modifications with indices 238-M2, 236-BE2, 7601 were mounted. They differ in horsepower (240, 250 and 300, respectively).
In addition, the performance characteristics of the Ural-4320 with the YaMZ engine provide for the installation of a hydraulic booster, preheating and engine compliance with the Euro 3 standard.
Technical indicators
The brake assembly includes a main dual-circuit system and a spare unit with a single circuit. The auxiliary brake is actuated by a pneumatic drive from the exhaust gases. This mechanical type assembly with a drum placed on the transfer case (RK) is very effective. Parking brake - drum, mounted on the output shaft of the RK.
TTX "Ural-4320" are designed for the wheel formula 6 * 6. High cross-country ability is provided by single wheels equipped with automatic pumping of air chambers. The front suspension is dependent, has shock absorbers and semi-ellipse springs. The rear assembly is also of a dependent type with springs and torque rods. The truck in question has three axles, they are all leading, the front wheels are equipped with CV joints. The clutch unit has a friction drive, a pneumatic booster, a disk with a diaphragm exhaust spring.
Cabin and dimensions
The presented truck is equipped with a two-door cab, it is made entirely of metal and is designed for three people. The driver's seat is adjustable, there is a ventilation system, modernized variations are equipped with a sleeping bag. After 2009, the working conditions of the driver have improved significantly. The new cabin has increased comfort, a fiberglass hood and an original design style.
Below are the main overall dimensions that provide for the TTX "Ural-4320":
- Length / width / height (m) - 7.36 / 2.5 / 2.71, the height of the tent is 2.87 meters.
- Net weight (t) - 8.57.
- The maximum mass of the towing device (t) is 7.0.
- Wheel track (m) - 2.0.
- Ground clearance (cm) - 40.
- The number of seats on the platform is 24.
It is worth noting that the truck has a solid power reserve, which allows you to overcome more than one hundred kilometers without refueling.
Tactical indicators
TTX "Ural-4320" military tactically have the following capabilities:
- Overcoming the reservoir wade (depth) - one and a half meters.
- Crossing swampy terrain - similarly.
- Ditches and trenches (depth) - up to 2 meters.
- The maximum lifting height is 60 °.
- The minimum turning radius is 11.4 meters.
- The maximum height above sea level for normal operation is 4,650 meters.
Structurally, a powerful truck is made in such a way as to protect the cab and the driver from dirt when driving off-road (the power plant is located in front, the hood is raised up, and wide flat wings are installed on the sides).
TTX "Ural-4320" allow you to operate it in harsh climatic conditions with a maximum humidity of 98 °. The temperature range is from + to -50 degrees. Garage-free storage of the car is allowed. The sustained maximum wind force is 20 meters per second, and the dust content is 1.5 cubic meters.
Current modifications
During the release of the truck in question from the Ural manufacturers, several modifications were developed, the main difference between which is the power of the power plant. The most popular are the following models:
- "Ural-4320-01" - has an improved cabin, platform and checkpoint. Year of release - 1986.
- Similar modifications with the YaMZ engine, with a capacity of 180 horses, as well as a truck with an increased wheelbase and cross-country performance.
- TTX "Ural-4320-31" differ from its predecessor in the presence of an eight-cylinder power unit (YaMZ) with a capacity of 240 horses and an improved indicator of specific power. The car was released in 1994.
- Model 4320-41 - YaMZ-236NE2 engine (230 hp), year of manufacture - 2002, compliance with Euro 2 standards.
- Option 4320-40 is a version of the previous car, equipped with an extended base.
- Modification 4320-44 - a cabin of improved comfort appeared (year of production - 2009).
- Long base "Ural-4320-45".
- Variation designed for installation of special equipment (4320-48).
Conclusion
There are several points that popularized the truck in question, both in the army and for civilian purposes. Firstly, the Ural-4320 is not afraid of absolutely no off-road, it has a high cross-country ability and carrying capacity. Secondly, it is unpretentious in maintenance, operation and repair. In addition, this vehicle is universal, capable of transporting military, civilian cargo, heavy trailers and about 30-35 people.
It is worth noting that manufacturers are constantly working on improving the Urals. An army vehicle is considered an efficient and productive vehicle. In addition to the fact that the truck has great power, armored variations are designed to protect personnel from being hit by charges from light and medium small arms (the third category of protection). In civilian use, the machine is indispensable for the northern regions and areas with difficult soils.
