TO Category:
Working on a tractor
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About the rules traffic on a tractor
General information
The tractor in its technical and economic indicators differs little from the car. On a tractor, like a car, they drive on roads common use. Therefore, the tractor driver must know and steadily comply with the "Rules of the Road".
The first section of the "Rules of the Road" clearly defines the terminology. Let's take some concepts as an example.
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A driver is a person who drives a vehicle.
Advantage - the right to priority movement in the intended direction in relation to other participants in the movement.
Give way (do not obstruct) - a requirement that a road user must not resume or continue driving, perform any maneuver, if this may force another road user to change direction or speed.
Stop - a deliberate cessation of the movement of a vehicle for up to 5 minutes, as well as for more, if necessary for boarding or disembarking passengers or for unloading or loading a vehicle.
Parking - stopping the movement of a vehicle for more than 5 minutes, if this is not related to the boarding or disembarkation of passengers or unloading or loading the vehicle.
Forced stop - the cessation of the movement of the vehicle due to its technical malfunction or the danger created by the transported cargo, the driver's condition.
Overtaking - overtaking one or more Vehicle associated with the exit to the lane (side of the carriageway) of oncoming traffic and the subsequent return to the previously occupied lane (side of the carriageway).
General duties of a driver
Before leaving, the tractor driver is obliged to check the serviceability and completeness of his machine, as well as the presence of fuel, oil and coolant. He must have with him a certificate for the right to drive a tractor, a registration document for the tractor, a waybill4 of the appropriate sample and a document for the transported cargo.
The waybill and registration document should be presented at the request of Gosseltekhnadzor engineers-inspectors, police officers, freelance inspectors, military traffic inspectors, combatants and railway crossing workers.
The operation of tractors without a technical certificate is prohibited.
A tractor driver leaving for field, reclamation work on the territory of his collective farm or state farm must have a formalized work order with him, which indicates the area of \u200b\u200bwork.
When transporting any goods, the driver is issued a bill of lading or a document replacing it.
The tractor driver does not have the right to transfer control of the tractor to anyone, even to persons who have the right to drive tractors, if their names are not indicated in waybill or work clothes.
When the tractor is moving in a column during daylight hours, the dipped headlights must be switched on. If the tractor driver turned out to be a participant traffic accident, then he is obliged to immediately stop his tractor (regardless of whose fault the accident occurred and what its results are), turn on the emergency light alarm, and in its absence, put up a sign emergency stop and do not move the tractor and other objects related to the incident. Further, he is obliged to provide assistance to the victims, report the incident to the nearest police officer and wait for the arrival of police officers or investigating authorities, and only after their permission to continue moving, and if this is not possible, then take measures to deliver the tractor to the base.
It is absolutely unacceptable to leave the scene of the incident without providing assistance to the victims and without finding out the reasons in the prescribed manner.
Road and road markings
A road is any road, street, alley, etc. used for traffic over its entire width (including sidewalks, embankments and medians). It consists of three main elements: the roadway, roadsides and ditches. For the construction of a suburban road, a strip is allocated, called the right of way.
The carriageway is a part of the road intended for the movement of vehicles. The road may have several carriageways, the boundaries of which are the dividing lanes. The tram track is considered to be the boundary of the carriageway intended for the movement of trackless vehicles.
Traffic lane - any longitudinal strip of a tricycle part, marked or not marked by means of markings and having a width sufficient for movement in one row of motor vehicles.
A highway is a complex and very expensive engineering structure, therefore all participants in the movement, and especially tractor drivers, who drive very heavy machines, which often go with the most various trailers, must be very careful not to damage pavement, as well as roadsides and ditches located along the edges of the road.
Rice. 112. Horizontal road markings:
a, b, c and d - options.
In order to improve the organization of traffic on highways, horizontal and vertical marking- lines and inscriptions and other designations applied on the carriageway, curbs and other road elements and road structures (bridges, tunnels, etc.).
Marking is carried out with paints, as well as thermoplastic masses white color except three lines yellow color: 1.4; 1.10; 1.17.
Horizontal markings are performed with various lines, indicated in the standard by numbers from 1.1 to 1.23 (where 1 is the horizontal markings, and the second number after the dot indicates the serial number of the markings in the group).
Among the marking lines used, consider the following.
A narrow solid line 1.1 (Fig. 112, a) separates traffic flows opposite directions, marking the boundaries of traffic lanes in dangerous places on the roads, etc.
It is forbidden to cross this line, except when line 1.1 marks the edge of the carriageway.
A narrow broken line 1.5 serves to separate traffic flows, it is allowed to cross such a line from any direction.
The narrow broken line 1.6 indicates the approach to the solid line 1.1. Crossing this line is allowed from both sides.
Two parallel narrow lines, of which one is solid, the other is broken 1.11 (Fig. 112.6), serve to separate traffic flows in opposite directions and designate lanes in passing direction. It is allowed to cross these lines only from the side of the broken line.
Double solid line 1.3 (Fig. 112, c) separates traffic flows in opposite directions with four lanes or multilane traffic in both directions; crossing the line is prohibited.
The narrow yellow line 1.4 indicates that it is prohibited to stop at this place.
The transverse solid line 1.12 (Fig. 112, d) indicates the place where vehicles stop - the stop line in front of the intersection.
Pointer arrows 1.18 show the direction of movement along the lanes.
Vertical marking indicates the surfaces of road structures: bridge supports, the lower edge of the span of bridges and overpasses, round bollards, signal posts, side surfaces of road barriers on small radius curves, side surfaces of road barriers in other areas, etc.
Vertical markings are applied in black and white stripes. Many markings on road sections that do not have artificial lighting are supplemented with reflective materials and retroreflectors.
There are cases when the meaning of the marking lines contradicts those established in this place road signs. In this case, the tractor driver must follow the instructions of the road sign.
Road signs
Road signs - the most common and sufficient effective means movement organization.
All road signs are divided into seven groups: warning; priority; forbidding; prescriptive; information-indicative; service; additional information(plates). All signs are assigned a corresponding number. It consists of the number of the group, the ordinal number of the sign in the group, the ordinal number of the variety (if any), separated by dots.
Each group of signs differs in shape, color, size and designation.
For the visibility of characters in dark time days, internal lighting is used, as well as reflective and luminescent Devices.
The tractor driver must know the meaning of all road signs. Below is given short description each group of signs most important for tractor operators in terms of ensuring traffic safety.
Warning signs are designed to alert drivers to dangerous places on the way.
This group includes 43 predominantly triangular signs with a red border and a yellow or white field, on which the symbol of the sign is depicted in black.
Warning signs are placed in front of dangerous sections of the road, outside settlements for 150…300 m, and in populated areas - for 50…100 m. A number of signs outside populated areas, such as 1.1; 1.2; 1.9; 1.10; 1.21 and 1.23 are repeated. The second sign is placed at a distance of at least 50 m from the beginning dangerous area.
In some cases, signs may be located at other distances from the dangerous section of the road, in which case this distance is indicated on a plate attached under the sign.
Consider what should be the procedure for the tractor driver when meeting with some warning signs in order to ensure traffic safety.
Rice. 113. The use of warning signs: a, b. c and d - options.
1.6. "Intersection of equivalent roads" (Fig. 113, a). This sign warns the driver that there is an intersection with an equivalent road ahead.
Approaching such an intersection, the tractor driver must reduce the speed of movement, be ready to immediately stop his tractor if the movement through the intersection is difficult for any reason, let the transport approaching from the right pass (paragraph 15.2 of the "Rules of the Road"), and only after that pass the intersection in the right direction.
1.13. “Steep descent” (Fig. 113, b) - the sign informs the driver that there is a slope ahead with a slope, the value of which is indicated on the sign as a percentage, for example 10%.
On steep descent it is much more difficult to stop the tractor than on a level section of the track, since the effect of the tractor's gravity increases it braking distances. On the slope of the road, in front of which sign 1.13 is installed, where oncoming traffic is difficult, the driver of a tractor moving downhill (on a descent) must give way to a vehicle moving uphill.
On the downhill slope, the tractor driver must drive his tractor in low gear with reduced fuel supply and as accurately as possible on the right side of the carriageway.
1.14. “Steep climb” (Fig. 113, b) - the sign warns the tractor driver that he must drive his tractor on the rise, as a rule, without stopping, for which, at the beginning of the rise, he should choose one of low gears, which would ensure the implementation of such a movement. And in the event of a stop, the tractor driver must hold the tractor in this position with the brakes, without rolling back.
1.2. "Railway crossing without a barrier" (Fig. 113, c). Railroad crossings are especially dangerous because they can collide with trains. For a more reliable warning of vehicle drivers outside settlements, sign 1.2 is duplicated, i.e. set two signs. In addition, in addition to them, signs 1.4.3 and 1.4.1 are placed under signs 1.2 and in the middle between them is sign 1.4.2.
1.18.1 "Narrowing of the road". This sign warns drivers that the carriageway ahead is narrowed (exit to the bridge, road repair, etc.). On such a section of the road, the tractor driver must be especially careful, reduce the speed of movement and correctly pass the narrowed place.
1.19. “Two-way traffic” (Fig. 113, d) - the sign shows a section of the road (carriageway) with oncoming traffic, which was preceded by a section of the road (carriageway) with one-way traffic.
At the same time, the tractor driver must reduce his speed significantly and keep his tractor closer to the edge of the road in order to clear the way for oncoming traffic.
Priority signs are used to prioritize crossings or narrow sections of roads where simultaneous movement in both directions is not possible. This group includes nine characters that have different shape and coloration.
Rice. 114. The use of priority signs: a, b, c and d - options.
Priority signs are placed: 2.1 and 2.2, respectively, at the beginning and end of the main road. Sign 2.1 may be repeated before intersections. Signs 2.3.1 ... 2.3.3 are installed outside settlements at a distance of 150 ... 300 m, and in settlements - 50 ... 100 m from intersections. Signs 2.4 and 2.5 - just before the intersection, and 2.6 and 2.7 - in front of a narrow section of the road.
Consider necessary actions tractor driver when meeting with some priority signs.
2.1. "The main road". This sign informs the driver that he is entering the main road in relation to everyone crossing it. Moving from the place of installation of the sign on this section, drivers have the right of way at all intersections in relation to any vehicle leaving the side road.
Sign 2.1 may be repeated before intersections to confirm the right of way. In places where the main road changes its direction, sign 2.1 is supplemented with a sign, for example, as shown in Figure 114, a.
Thus, in the situation shown in this figure, the tractor must pass first, and then a car.
2.3.1. “Intersection with a secondary road” - the sign warns the driver that the road on which he is traveling is the main one and at this intersection he has the right of way. However, when approaching such an intersection (Fig. 114, b), the tractor driver, although he has the right of priority, must at the same time exercise increased caution so that if circumstances arise that impede the passage of the intersection, you can immediately stop the tractor. In this situation, the tractor passes first, and the bus second.
2.4. “Give way” - a sign obliges drivers of vehicles entering or crossing a main road to first give way to vehicles moving along main road. So, in Figure 114, a and b, a car and a bus can go to the intersection only after the tractors have passed.
2.5. “Movement without stopping is prohibited” - the sign obliges drivers to stop at the place where it is installed (even if nothing interferes with movement), let vehicles pass that impede further movement, and only after that continue driving.
Thus, in the situation shown in Figure 114, c, the car passes first, the tractor stops and only after the car passes does it start moving.
2.6. "The advantage of oncoming traffic". Approaching such a sign, the driver must give way to oncoming traffic and only after that start his movement. So, the driver of a car (Fig. 114, d) is obliged to let the tractor pass, and then go further.
2.7. "Advantage over oncoming traffic m". This sign gives priority to vehicles passing through a bottleneck over oncoming vehicles. Knowing this, the tractor driver (Fig. 114, d) is the first to pass through the bottleneck.
Prohibition signs prohibit the driver from certain actions. All of them have the shape of a circle, bordered by a red stripe, except for signs 3.21, 3.23, 3.25 and 3.31. The background of the signs is yellow or white, while signs 3.27, 3.28, 3.29 and 3.30 are blue. There are 33 signs in the group.
Prohibition signs are installed directly in front of road sections on which restrictions are introduced or canceled.
Signs 3.18.1 and 3.18.2 apply to the intersection of the carriageways in front of which they are placed, and signs 3.16, 3.20, 3.22, 3.24, 3.26 ... intersections - to the end of the settlement.
Signs 3.10, 3.27 ... 3.30 are valid only on the side of the road on which they are located.
Consider some examples of the action of prohibition signs, shown in Figure 115.
3.1. “Entry is prohibited” - the sign prohibits the entry of all vehicles into the road section, including the tractor shown in Figure 115, a. You can drive up to the object located behind the sign from the side passages or from the opposite side.
Rice. 116. Examples of the operation of prescriptive signs:
a, b, c and d - options.
4.3. "Circular motion" (Fig. 116, d). Movement is allowed only in the direction indicated by the arrows.
Information and indication signs introduce a certain mode of movement, report on the features road conditions and the location of various objects along the route.
This group includes 64 characters rectangular shape. They are installed on highways (have a green background), on any other road outside settlements - blue and on the streets of settlements - white.
Service signs inform about the location on the track or in the immediate vicinity of various objects.
There are twelve characters in the service group. They are made in the form of rectangles. of blue color, in the middle part of which symbols are depicted in black paint explaining their purpose. The exception is signs indicating medical institutions, which are marked with a red cross.
Service signs are located directly at the objects they designate or in advance with an indication of the distance to the object at the bottom of the sign.
Signs can also be located at turns to objects. In this case, the direction is indicated by an arrow at the bottom.
Signs of additional information (tablets) serve to clarify or limit the effect of signs of other groups, i.e. they are not used independently, but only in combination with other signs.
Rice. 117. Application of signs of additional information (tablets):
a, b, c and d - options.
The plates are placed directly below the signs. The exception is plates 7.2.2…7.2.4 (sign coverage area) when they are used with a sign prohibiting stopping or parking. In this case, if the sign is placed above carriageway or hung on a cantilever, the sign must be placed on the side so that the sign itself is closer to the middle of the roadway.
All plates have a white field with black or red characters.
Figure 117 shows examples of the use of additional information signs.
7.1.1. "Distance to the object" (Fig. 117, a). The sign indicates that sign 1.6 is installed 200 m from the road junction.
7.2.2. "Zone of action". As shown in Figure 117.6, parking is allowed within 10 M from the place where the sign was installed.
7.3.2. "Direction of action" (Fig. 117, c). The plate shows that the effect of the sign 3.2 applies to the left street adjacent to the road on which the sign is installed.
7.5.5. "Time of action" (Fig. 117, d). In this case, it can be seen that sign 3.27 is valid only on Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays from 8.00 to 17.30, and the rest of the time it is closed.
Traffic signals
Traffic is regulated by traffic signals, hand gestures, or the position of the body of the traffic controller.
Traffic lights. The main type of traffic light used to regulate the sequence of traffic at intersections is a three-section one with red at the top, yellow in the middle and green at the bottom.
Green round signal permits movement.
A green signal in the form of an arrow(s) on a black background permits movement in the indicated directions. This signal has the same meaning in additional sections.
A yellow signal prohibits movement and warns of an upcoming signal change.
A yellow flashing signal or two alternately flashing yellow signals allow traffic and inform about the presence of an unregulated intersection or pedestrian crossing.
A red signal, including a flashing one, or two alternately flashing red signals prohibit movement.
Red and yellow signals, turned on at the same time, prohibit movement and inform about the upcoming green signal.
If traffic lights are made in the form of a silhouette of a person, then their effect applies only to pedestrians.
Regulator signals. The traffic controller regulates traffic with hand gestures and the position of his body, which may be as follows.
The traffic controller raised his hand up (Fig. 118, b) - the movement of vehicles and pedestrians in all directions is prohibited. Drivers who were unable to stop their vehicles may continue further movement through the intersection.
The traffic controller, standing at the crossroads, extended his right hand forward (Fig. 118, c). Movement from the back and right side of all vehicles is prohibited.
From the side of the chest, turning to the right is allowed, from the side of the left side, movement in all directions is allowed.
The traffic controller, standing on the road, extended his right hand forward (Fig. 118, d) - to the tractor driver and the driver of the truck, located from the side outstretched hand, Movement Prohibition. Drivers of a tractor and a passenger car moving towards them can continue to move without stopping.
If the signals of the traffic controller contradict traffic signals, road signs and street markings, then drivers must be guided by the signals of the traffic controller.
The order of movement of tractors according to highways
Wheeled agricultural tractors on multi-lane roads must move in the extreme right lane. Movement caterpillar tractors on paved roads is prohibited.
warning signals. Before starting to move, stopping, changing lanes or before turning the tractor, the tractor driver is obliged to give a signal in advance of the start of the maneuver so that other participants in the movement who are in the immediate vicinity can take appropriate measures.
Signals can be given by light indications, and if they are absent or they are faulty, then by hand.
Before braking (Fig. 119, a) - raise your hand or, at the beginning of braking, automatically turn on the braking signal.
Before turning to the left (Fig. 119, b) - extend the right arm, bent at the elbow up, to the side, or turn on the flashing signal of the left turn.
Before turning right (Fig. 119, c) - stretch your right hand to the right or turn on the flashing right turn signal.
Additional warning signal when overtaking or warning an absent-minded pedestrian, sound signals can be used. It must be remembered that the supply of sound signals in settlements is prohibited.
Twists and turns. Before turning right, you need to take the far right in advance, and to the left - the far left lane on the carriageway.
Turning to the left (or turning around), the tractor driver must give way to all oncoming traffic and the passing tram, and only after the road is clear, make a turn.
It should be borne in mind that U-turns are prohibited at marked crossings, railway crossings, bridges, tunnels and on road sections outside settlements with limited visibility (less than 100 m in each direction), closer than 15 m from intersections and at unregulated intersections, if one-way traffic is organized on the intersecting road.
Stopping and parking are prohibited: on the left side of the road, except for roads in settlements with one-way traffic, if there is a sidewalk on the left side and roads with one lane in each direction that do not have tram tracks in the middle of the road; at railway crossings, in tunnels and under overpasses, bridges or overpasses; in places where the distance between a solid marking line and a stopped vehicle is less than 3 m; at pedestrian crossings and closer than 5 m in front of them; at intersections and closer than 5 m from the edge of the crossed carriageways, except for the opposite side side passage at three-way intersections with a continuous marking line in places where the vehicle will block traffic lights or road signs from other drivers.
Parking is prohibited where stopping is prohibited, as well as closer than 100 m from railway crossings, outside settlements in places with visibility less than 100 m in each direction, in places where a stopped tractor creates an obstacle to the movement of other vehicles or pedestrians.
In case of a forced stop in places where stopping and parking are prohibited, or in those conditions when a stopped vehicle cannot be noticed by other drivers in a timely manner, the tractor driver must put up an emergency stop sign at a distance of 25 ... 30 m behind the tractor (Fig. 120).
Rice. 119. Driver signals:
a - stop braking; b - turn left; c - turn right.
Rice. 120. Forced stop of the tractor.
Rice. 121. Special cases movements: a - oncoming traffic on the slope of the road; 6 oncoming traffic when avoiding an obstacle.
Special driving conditions. Let's consider some cases.
On mountain roads, where oncoming traffic is difficult, the driver of a truck (Fig. 121, a) moving downhill must give way to a tractor moving uphill. This is how all road users should act in such cases.
When driving around an obstacle, vehicles moving on the free side have the right to move first. So, the tractor driver (Fig. 121, b) must let the bus moving along the free side pass, and only after that pass.
Movement of tractors with trailers and connected to them machines and rudiya, as well as self-propelled harvesters on the highway. When driving these vehicles on roads where it is impossible to overtake other vehicles, drivers of tractors or combine harvesters must press their vehicles as close as possible to the right side of the road, and if overtaking is still impossible, then pull over to the side of the road, stop, let them pass car and then continue driving.
The movement of tractors and self-propelled machines along highways in a column. When driving on roads outside built-up areas, vehicles that cannot reach speeds of more than 50 km / h, as well as vehicles gross weight more than 12 tons, they must maintain such a distance between them that vehicles overtaking them can change lanes without interference. right side roads.
Passage of unregulated intersections
Crossroads - a place of intersection, junction or branching of roads at the same level, limited by imaginary lines connecting, respectively, the opposite beginnings of the curvature of the carriageway.
An unregulated intersection is one where there is no traffic controller or traffic light. A yellow flashing signal of any type at an intersection does not make it regulated.
At such intersections, drivers themselves must determine the order of passage, using the following rules.
At the intersection of equivalent roads, tractor and car drivers must give way to vehicles approaching from the right.
When passing unequal roads, the driver of a vehicle moving on a secondary road must give way to vehicles moving on the main road.
Rice. 122. Schemes of the order of passage of unregulated intersections: a, b, c and d - options.
Main road - paved road in relation to dirt road or a road marked with signs 2.1, 2.3.1., 2.3.2, 2.3.3 and 5.1 in relation to the one being crossed. The presence of a paved section on a secondary road immediately before the intersection does not make it equal to the crossed one.
So, for example, in the situation shown in Figure 122, a, the tractor passes first, since it is located to the right of the bus. At the same time, the truck driver (Fig. 122, - b), although located to the right of the tractor, but since he is on a secondary road, gives priority to the tractor moving along the main road.
When passing a four-way intersection (Fig. 122, c) of equivalent roads, the tractor passes first, as having no interference on the right, then freight car and lastly, a horse-drawn carriage.
When passing through squares and intersections with a designated center (Fig. 122, d), the “interference on the right” rule remains in effect. Therefore, the tractor that does not have interference on the right passes first, then the passenger car leaving the left street, and the last car passing through the intersection is the passenger car that first entered the intersection from the right street.
Passage of railway crossings
A railroad crossing is any crossing of a road with railroad tracks on the same level.
Railway crossings - especially dangerous places on the roads, and drivers are required to strictly observe the rules and precautions when traveling across railway tracks.
Tractor drivers should be aware that if the tracks are not correctly driven, they can be damaged or the rails can shift, which in turn can lead to an accident.
It is forbidden to cross paths railway outside crossings, no matter how these intersections are equipped. At crossings with a barrier, drivers are obliged to accurately and unconditionally follow the instructions of the duty officer for the crossing and the signals of the crossing traffic lights.
It is forbidden to unauthorizedly open the barrier or start moving through the crossing when the traffic lights are on.
If a traffic jam has formed at the crossing (Fig. 123, a), then it is forbidden to enter if the barrier is open.
Vehicles at the railway crossing must stop in one row. The first car is at a distance of 10 m from the nearest rail (Fig. 123, b), or 5 m before the barrier at a guarded crossing.
To avoid damage railway track, contact network or crossing equipment, trailed or mounted vehicles must be transported through crossings only in transport position and do not enter the crossing with pubescent working bodies (Fig. 123, d), as well as with bulky agricultural machines or loads that have a height of more than 4.5 m or a width of more than 5 m. roads.
Rice. 123. Crossing railway crossings:
a - traffic jam at the crossing; b-stop near an unguarded crossing; c - the tractor engine stalled at the crossing; d - the movement of the tractor with the seeder through the crossing.
To provide complete security on railway crossing closer than 100 m in front of it, overtaking is prohibited, as well as parking.
A particular danger arises in the event of a forced stop of the tractor at the crossing.
If such a stop occurs, then the tractor driver must immediately take all measures to remove the tractor from the crossing, and send the accompanying person 1000 m away from the crossing to signal the train to stop (Fig. 123, c). The tractor driver himself must remain near the tractor and try to remove it from the crossing. If the engine does not start, then it is necessary to turn on the decompressor and in 1st gear by turning on the starter or starting motor, remove the tractor or, using the start handle manually, try to move it with a tug of another tractor or car that has arrived. At the same time, the tractor driver must give a general alarm - one long and three short beeps. When a train appears, you must run towards it, giving a stop signal: roundabout hands with a patch of bright matter - during the day and a torch or lantern - at night.
Responsibility for misuse vehicles and for traffic violations
All work on the tractor may only be carried out by order officials and must be documented accordingly. It is forbidden to arbitrarily use the tractor, especially for selfish purposes, for which the tractor driver is punished.
Unauthorized use for mercenary purposes of vehicles, machines or mechanisms belonging to enterprises, institutions, organizations, entails the imposition of an administrative penalty in the form of a fine on citizens in the amount of up to one hundred rubles and on officials - up to two hundred rubles, and on drivers of vehicles - in the amount of up to one hundred rubles or deprivation of the right to drive a vehicle for a period of up to one year with compensation for property damage.
The tractor driver is obliged to strictly comply with all the requirements of the Rules of the Road, the violation of which is liable.
So, specific types of violations for which the driver can be subjected to appropriate punishment are identified. The most dangerous violations include: exceeding the established speed limit; disobedience to traffic control signals; failure to comply with the requirements of road signs or road markings; violation of the rules for transporting people, overtaking, maneuvering, passing through intersections and pedestrian crossings, stops public transport; violation of the terms of use lighting fixtures or failure to provide unhindered passage to vehicles enjoying the right of way (vehicles giving special sound or flashing light signals or accompanied patrol cars or motorcycles of the State traffic inspectorate); transfer of control to persons who do not have the right to drive a vehicle.
For violation of at least one of the above rules, the driver may receive a warning or be subject to a fine in the amount of three to ten rubles. For a similar repeated violation during the year, the fine is increased to 50 rubles.
For those drivers who deliberately and repeatedly violate the Rules, more stringent administrative sanctions are provided. Increased responsibility for driving a vehicle while intoxicated. The amount of the fine levied on such violators has been increased to 100 rubles. Failure to pass the examination entails a fine of up to one hundred rubles or
deprivation of the driver's license to drive a vehicle for up to one year.
Responsibility of officials releasing vehicles onto the line, if available, has been strengthened technical faults(fine up to 50 rubles).
Drivers for driving cars, tractors and other self-propelled machines, trams and trolleybuses, as well as motorcycles and other motor vehicles in a state of intoxication, as well as for the transfer of control of a vehicle to a person in a state of intoxication, are subject to an administrative penalty in the form of a fine of one hundred rubles or deprivation of the right to drive a vehicle for a period of one year to three years. Drivers who have the right to drive several types of vehicles are deprived of the right to drive all types of vehicles for committing these listed violations.
Driving vehicles by a person in a state of intoxication, committed repeatedly within a year, entails criminal liability and is punishable by deprivation of liberty for a term of up to one year, or correctional labor for a term of up to two years, or a fine of three hundred rubles, with deprivation of the driver of the right to drive vehicles for a period of three to five years.
The same action, committed by a person previously convicted of a crime, entails criminal liability and is punishable by imprisonment for a term of up to three years, with deprivation of the driver's right to drive vehicles for a term of up to five years.
Get a job as a worker right now
- and get a certificate of qualification!
ABOUT the main working categories for this profession in the certificate of the tractor driver-driver (UTM)
category III- off-road motor vehicles allowed maximum weight which exceeds 3500 kilograms
category "B"- tracked and wheeled vehicles with engines up to 25.7 kW
category "C"- wheeled vehicles with engine power from 25.7 to 110.3 kW
category "D"- wheeled vehicles with an engine power over 110.3 kW
category "E" - tracked vehicles with an engine power over 25.7 kW
IMPORTANT! If the relevant categories for the right to drive self-propelled machines are open in the certificate of the tractor driver-machinist - You don't have to take an exam as a inspector. When contacting the State Technical Supervision Inspectorate, the acquired qualification will be entered in the "Special Marks" section without taking an exam.
About the program vocational training (in accordance with: Unified Tariff and Qualification Handbook of Works and Professions of Workers (ETKS). Issue No. 1 Section “Professions of Workers Common to All Sectors of the National Economy”)
Occupation code forklift driver:
11453
Qualification ranks
: 4-7
The purpose of training:
to give students the knowledge, skills and abilities in the formation of competence to perform work as a loader driver, obtaining a tractor driver-driver's certificate with the necessary categories for the right to drive self-propelled machines.
Training period: two weeks
Program scope:
80 hours, of which:
- theory- electronic information and educational environment - 70 hours;
- on-the-job training- at enterprises of any form of ownership, at workplaces on the job, on self-propelled machines of the organization - 10 hours
Teaching language:
Russian
Age: from 17 years old
Restrictions on the level of education:
no restrictions
Place of study:
place of stay or residence of the student
Form of study:
part-time, part-time
Teaching technologies:
e-learning, distance learning technologies
Qualification document:
certificate of the profession of a worker, position of an employee of the state standard
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The program consists Complete the courses (6) in the suggested order. |
Qualifying work Complete practical qualifying work. |
Worker's Profession Certificate Get a document on qualifications and start working. |
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ATTENTION! The qualification "Forklift driver" gives the right to perform labor functions (work) on all types, models, brands of self-propelled machines and vehicles equipped with loading equipment (bucket, forks, grabs, etc.), regardless of the manufacturer.
| Training period | Professional training programs | Volume (hour.) |
Form of study | |
| correspondence * | part-time ** | |||
| EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS OF VOCATIONAL TRAINING | ||||
| 2 weeks | Forklift driver (previously unemployed) *** |
80 | ||
| EDUCATIONAL RETRAINING PROGRAMS | ||||
| 2 weeks | Forklift driver (having any working profession) *** |
80 | ||
| EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS OF PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT | ||||
| 2 weeks | Forklift driver (increase qualification category up to 5,6,7) |
80 | ||
| PROGRAMS OF ADDITIONAL EDUCATION | ||||
| fork--profi 1 Week |
and service forklifts foreign production |
40 | 3000 | |
| front-profi 1 Week |
Efficient, safe operation and maintenance of front loaders foreign production |
40 | ||
*** PAY YOUR ATTENTION! If you do not have any profession of a worker, do not have a document on vocational education or vocational training, then you need to complete training under the program of vocational training. If you have previously acquired a profession or received professional education, then you need to undergo training, according to the program of professional retraining. Influences the cost of education.
YOUR RIGHT! For the provision of public services for taking exams for the right to drive self-propelled machines and issuing a tractor driver-driver (tractor driver) certificate, you can contact the state technical supervision authorities at the place of residence (place of stay) with registration or at the location of our training center.
*
Extramural studies- for citizens of any subject of the Russian Federation (training using e-learning and distance learning technologies).
**
Part-time education- for citizens residing in the territory of Yaroslavl and the Yaroslavl region.
Program vocational training
- training of persons who previously did not have the profession of a worker.
Retraining program- training of persons who already have the profession of a worker (excavator driver, bulldozer driver, all-terrain vehicle driver, tractor driver, etc.).
Professional development program- training of persons who already have the profession of a worker, in order to consistently improve their professional knowledge, skills and abilities in their current profession.
| Category of self-propelled machines |
Cost, rub. | |
| IN | tracked and wheeled vehicles with engines up to 25.7 kW |
4500 |
| WITH | wheeled vehicles with engine power from 25.7 to 110.3 kW |
4500 |
| D | wheeled vehicles with an engine power over 110.3 kW |
4500 |
| E | tracked vehicles with engine power over 25.7 kW |
8000 |
1 kilowatt (kW) kW = 1.3596 horsepower (hp)
QUALIFYING DISCHARGES
4th grade forklift driver
up to 73.5 kW (up to 100 hp)
5th grade forklift driver
- performance of work on loaders with a power of more than 73.5 kW (over 100 hp) and when working on a loader with a power of up to 147 kW (up to 200 hp)
6th grade forklift driver
- work on forklifts over 147 kW (up to 200 hp)
and when working on a loader with a capacity up to 200 kW (up to 250 hp)
7th grade forklift driver
- work on forklifts over 200 kW (over 250 hp)
equipped with sophisticated electronic system control, telescopic or frontal boom and designed for loading and unloading large-capacity containers.
COURSE LITERATURE
*
The candidate is exempted from passing the theoretical exam on traffic rules in the presence of any open category on your driver's license.
Tutorial
"Loader driver"
Basics of the first pre-medical
emergency assistance to victims
"Safe operation of self-propelled machines"
"Traffic Laws"
**
After the conclusion of the contract, the student gets access to the electronic course - "forklift driver" which contains educational literature, lectures, educational films, posters, labor protection requirements, regulations, knowledge testing system, reports on industrial training.
DOCUMENT CONFIRMING YOUR QUALIFICATION
We issue two documents:
Certificate of completion of training for the Gostekhnadzor inspection.
A document on qualifications for the implementation of labor activity.
DOCUMENT CONFIRMING THE RIGHT TO DRIVE SELF-PROPELLED MACHINES
After completing the educational program, the student receives qualification document - certificate of the worker's profession.
The certificate of the profession of a worker confirms the assignment of a rank based on the results of vocational training. The qualifications specified in the qualification document, gives its holder the right to engage in certain professional activity
or perform specific job functions(Clause 11, Article 60 of the Law on Education in the Russian Federation of December 29, 2012 No. 273-FZ)
The qualification document gives the right to apply to the State Technical Supervision Inspectorate for the provision of state services for taking exams for the right to drive self-propelled machines and issuing a tractor driver-driver (tractor driver) certificate.
OPTIONAL, STUDENT CAN TAKE INTERNSHIP AT THE KOMATSU FACTORY, YAROSLAVL
Industrial training in the profession of a forklift driver takes place at the training site of the Komatsu plant"
"Komatsu" training center site :Students practice practical skills of driving and working on a Komatsu WA380-6 wheel loader and a Komatsu WB97S-5EO backhoe loader.
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MINISTRY
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Many business leaders and employees themselves do not always understand what the main categories of self-propelled vehicles include, what certificates are required to drive vehicles. The article provides all the necessary information on this issue. Important points on self-propelled machinesYou need to know what categories self-propelled vehicles are divided into and what rights you need to get. The level of security in companies and organizations depends on this. To drive such vehicles, you need to obtain special certificates.
With sufficiently serious violations, not only the perpetrators of the violation and crime, but also the heads of the companies in which they work, can be held accountable. Punishments are imposed on them for the reason that they allowed the control of equipment by people who do not have the right and proper skills to do so.
It presents to attention information related to the management of machines and the issuance of intended for this process certificates. A document that allows you to manage self-propelled vehicle and issued to the driver, is called in 2019, as before, the rights of a tractor driver-driver. The received certificate of the tractor driver-machinist may contain records of certain categories modern technology. Each item in the classification of self-propelled vehicles by category must be considered in more detail.
This includes vehicles such as:
These vehicles can be completely different - gasoline, diesel, and also electric. Drivers electric forklifts you will need to obtain a tractor driver’s license, category B and a special mark “forklift driver” must be open.
It may include:
In a driver's license for this category, you can find such marks as a tractor driver, a loader driver and an excavator driver. If you are interested in what category tractors and other self-propelled machines belong to, then this is just category C. Category DThis category includes special wheeled vehicles equipped with engines with a power above 110.3 kW. These are quite powerful front loaders like Dresta, Volvo, Caterpillar. Also here you can include cars designed for the transportation of sea containers. The certificate may contain marks characteristic of category C. Category EThese are special tracked vehicles equipped with an engine whose power exceeds 25.7 kW. IN driving licenses this category is marked "tractor driver" or "excavator driver". Category F
To be admitted to the exams you will need:
Only with full compliance with all of the above conditions can you undergo special training and pass the appropriate exams. Basic exam procedureExaminations for obtaining a license designed to drive self-propelled machines are taken in a certain sequence:
When passing the practical part of the exam, an employee of the training center will test the following skills and abilities:
Upon successful passing of all points of the exams, the driver receives, against receipt, a tractor driver-driver's certificate for driving self-propelled vehicles.
Previously issued rights of such a plan are withdrawn from him, and all permissive entries and marks are transferred to the new document. In the column "Special marks" the necessary restrictive, permissive and informational entries are affixed. This may be experience, qualification limitation, blood type, a mark on the management of lenses or glasses, and so on. The certificate of a tractor driver or just a tractor driver is issued for a period of up to 10 years.. After this time, the document must be replaced, as it is considered invalid. Conclusion
Drivers of self-propelled vehicles who successfully pass the exam receive a special certificate regarding the training they have completed in their hands. training center. After that, a certificate of a professional tractor driver-machinist is issued. Questions for self-study prepared according to the official Exam tickets approved by Rostekhnadzor of Russia, intended for taking theoretical exams for the right to drive self-propelled machines of category "D" wheeled vehicles with engines with power over 77.2 kW. Tests were created according to official tickets for certification for category "D" without repeating questions. The number of the ticket and the question of the official version is given in brackets. Repeating questions are highlighted in yellow. Missing questions are given in the literature. NORMATIVE AND TECHNICAL DOCUMENTATION Standard instruction on labor protection for a tractor driver on skidding and hauling timber (approved by the Federal Road Department of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation on December 1, 1994) (Instr. No. 1) Instruction on labor protection for the tractor driver 2. Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. 3. Rules of the road of the Russian Federation with illustrations. Official text with changes and additions. - M .: "Rusavtokniga", 2003. - 64 p. 4. Rules for conducting technical inspection machines by Gostekhnadzor bodies // Collection of regulatory materials for Gostekhnadzor bodies. Second revised ed. - M .: Rosin-formagrotekh, 2003. 5. Collection of regulatory materials for Gostekhnadzor bodies. Issue. 1. - M.: FGNU "Ros-informagrotech", 2002. - 138 p. 6 Handbook of tractors T-150K - Kharkov: Prapor, 1973. 7. Operation of tractors T-150 and T-150K - Rosselkhozizdat, 1975. 8. Operation of the Kirovets tractor - Rosselkhozizdat, 1984. 9. Tractors "Kirovets" - M.: Agropromizdat, 1986. 10. Directory “ Running systems tractors” - M.: Agropromizdat, 1986. 11. Rules for labor protection in the production of crop products / POTRO-9730-11-95. - Eagle, 1995. 12. Occupational safety in the performance of various agricultural work - M.: GOSNITI, Informagrotekh, 1999. 13. GOST 20793-86 “Tractors and agricultural machines. Maintenance”. 14. Rules for labor protection during repair and maintenance agricultural machinery / POTRO-97300-11-97. - Eagle, 1997. 15. Occupational safety during technical maintenance and diagnostics of tractors and self-propelled agricultural machines. — M.: GOSNITI, Informagrotekh, 1999. 16. Occupational safety during disassembly and assembly work. — M.: GOSNITI, Informagrotekh, 1999. 17. Occupational safety in operations with petroleum products. — M.: GOSNITI, Informagro-tech, 1999. 18. Work safety during maintenance batteries. - M .: GOSNITI, In-formagrotekh, 1999. 19. The ABC of rescue in case of an accident. - St. Petersburg: Peter Grand, 2001. Tractors belong to the so-called self-propelled machinery, the management of which requires rights. These are tractor rights, the categories of which allow you to drive various types vehicles belonging to this category, such as snowmobiles, excavators, loaders, etc. What category is needed for a tractor
To drive any of these groups of vehicles, you must obtain rights. Categories of tractor rights decodingThe right to a tractor or the so-called tractor driver's license has several categories and subcategories.
Take into account: the presence of one of the types of rights does not make it possible to manage transport that is not included in the existing category of rights. Age of obtaining a tractor license
Gostekhnadzor is engaged in training and taking exams for all categories. Conditions for obtaining a tractor license in 2018
Now, persons wishing to obtain the rights of a tractor driver must apply to the Gostekhnadzor bodies for training and passing exams. The main conditions will be:
You can get the necessary medical certificate after passing through a number of required specialists, the list of which necessarily includes a narcologist and a psychiatrist. The list of specialists directly depends on the type of rights that the applicant is going to receive. Consider: The certificate received is valid for one year. In addition to the certificate, before passing the exams, you must provide a number of documents:
The exam procedure consists of two stages:
To get a higher level, you need to pass well not only the practical section, but also the theoretical part. Citizens wishing to replace the old rights with the rights of a new type must pay a state duty in the amount of 400 rubles. (mandatory for everyone) and contact the Gostekhnadzor authorities. Examination tickets of a tractor driver-machinist of category AThere are 45 tickets in this section, each of them contains 5 questions that relate to the conditions and rules for operating off-road vehicles such as snowmobiles, ATVs, etc. The exam can be taken by citizens who have reached the age of 16. Category B tractor driver ticketsThe number of tickets is also 45 pieces, but there are already 8 questions in them. this species rights must be consulted technical properties transport, terms of use, it is also necessary to familiarize yourself with the rules for providing medical care. Upon reaching the age of 17, you can apply for these rights. Category C tractor driver ticketsThe examination manual includes 45 tickets with 8 questions each, which contain the operating conditions and safety rules for using machines, etc. Persons who have reached the age of 17 are allowed to take the exam. Examination tickets of a tractor driver-machinist of category DThe exam taker will also be offered a total of 45 tickets, each consisting of eight questions. Contain rules for the safe operation of self-propelled vehicles such as excavators, loaders, etc. Applicant must be at least 18 years of age. Category E tractor driver ticketsThis section also contains 45 tickets with eight questions on the operation of tracked vehicles. Applicants must be at least 17 years of age to apply. Examination tickets for a tractor driver-machinist of category FThe section contains 15 tickets, ten questions each, which include terms and conditions technical operation large self-propelled machines designed for agricultural work. ConclusionObtaining the rights of a tractor driver is necessary requirement, in order to be able to drive tracked, wheeled off-road vehicles. Tickets are drawn up in accordance with the requirements of the "Rules for admission to the management of the CM and the issuance of tractor driver's certificates", approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 796. The process of obtaining rights for this category of transport is the same as for other vehicles.
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Understanding the main categories of self-propelled machines, as well as the certificates required to drive them, is not difficult. In this case, it is necessary to take Decree No. 796 of July 12, 1999 as a basis.
Category A - these are modern motor vehicles that are not intended for movement on public highways or have a maximum speed level not exceeding 50 km / h.
Category B is wheeled and tracked vehicles, with engines whose power does not exceed 25.7 kW.
This category includes special wheeled vehicles, the engine of which ranges from 25.7 to 110.3 kW in terms of power. This category of vehicles is the most popular.
To obtain all the categories of rights listed above, the driver must meet certain requirements.
When passing exams for the category of self-propelled equipment, a specialist receives a professional certificate of a tractor driver.
In order to understand which category is needed to drive a tractor, you need to know which group the machine belongs to:
Until 2015, citizens were allowed to study on their own and come only to take exams.
Passing exams allows not only to obtain rights, but also to assign a rank in accordance with the skills of the examinee:
