Refueling 2-stroke engines. How to prepare a mixture of gasoline and oil for two-stroke engines? Signs of misuse

Almost any modern car is equipped with a four-stroke engine, so most well-known manufacturers develop lubricants for them. Oils for 2-stroke engines are less common, because such motors are more rare. However, they are found on motor boats, motorcycles, chainsaws, lawn mowers. Such motors have a low weight and high power density, are cheap due to the simplicity of design and low cost of manufacture. Of course, conventional 4-stroke oil cannot be poured into such engines.

Features of such oils

It should be noted that such oils are disposable and completely lost. They are not poured into the engine crankcase in order to lubricate the cylinder-piston group. They are poured directly into the fuel. It is quite logical that in this case the oil for 2-stroke engines burns along with the fuel. To go into details, approximately 25% of the product is wasted, the remaining 75% of the oil is emitted into the atmosphere as exhaust gases. The result is an oil mist. In some models, it is introduced in a ratio of 1:100 or 1:20. Depending on the engine model, the fuel / oil ratio may be different.

Modern 2-stroke engines have a system that is, the required amount of oil is supplied in accordance with the load on the engine, which reduces lubricant consumption.

Operation of 2-stroke motors

It uses a carburetor air-fuel mixture supply system. Due to the principle of operation of such an engine, the chamber is emptied of exhaust gases and a fresh mixture is supplied almost simultaneously. Because of this, part of the fuel and lubricant goes with the exhaust. And a third of the fresh grease is gone. This is the biggest disadvantage of two-stroke engines, due to which the efficiency of the motor is low. Here part of the oil burns, a large amount of emissions is formed. Therefore, in densely populated regions where mopeds with similar motors are often used, there is a lot of smog on the streets, smoke and noise. An example is the cities of many Asian countries, where the main means of transportation for the local population is a moped.

However, recently the design flaws of such engines have been offset by the use of new technologies for direct or indirect fuel injection. As a result, emissions have been reduced and fuel consumption has been reduced.

About for 2-stroke engines

There are different brands that produce products of different quality. The quality of the lubricant directly affects the efficiency of the engine and its durability. When choosing oil for 2-stroke engines, you should pay attention to the following criteria:

1. Lubricating properties.
2. The presence of anti-wear characteristics.
3. The presence in the composition of detergent additives that perform the function of cleaning the engine from sediment substances.
4. The ability to prevent deposits in the exhaust system. Most often, the oil has a similar possibility in the case of the presence of flushing additives in the composition.
5. Low level of smoke in exhaust gases. If a lot of smoke comes out of the exhaust system when using oil, then this indicates that most of the lubricant goes to waste.
6. Cleanliness of spark plugs. Many experts recommend that after applying the oil, check how badly the candles have turned black. If they are really very blackened, then it is better not to buy such a lubricant.
7. Oil viscosity and high fluidity. Some oils thicken at low temperatures, and then their efficiency is greatly reduced.
8. anti-corrosion properties.

Reviews

If you believe the reviews, then the lubricant from the manufacturer Gazprom Neft is quite good on the Russian market. At a very low price, the company makes a good lubricant, which is not inferior in quality to products of world brands. Also good reviews about the manufacturer Makita, which supplies excellent mineral oils to the market. True, they are very expensive. And if the cost of a liter of Gazprom Neft lubricant is 120 rubles, then the price of a liter of Makita lubricant is on average 500 rubles.

Husqvarna, LIQUI MOLY, LUXE are expensive foreign lubricants that also collect good reviews. You can often read good expert comments about Sadko oils. The products of this company for 85-98% consist of a base - a lubricant, the rest is given to additives to give the composition the necessary characteristics described above. Moreover, all base oils are suitable, from selectively neutral lubricants to synthetic polyalphaolefins.

Basics

Good reliable products used in conjunction with two-stroke engines contain synthetic esters along with hydrocarbons. These semi-synthetic 2-stroke engine oils are developed primarily for marine applications. However, mineral-based oils are most often developed for two-stroke engines. They are cheap but less effective. Given that the oil in any case goes to waste, many owners do not bother and choose cheap lubricants.

By the way, unlike lubricants for classic 4-stroke engines for 2-stroke engines, little attention is paid to low-temperature performance. Brightstock, an additive with a low pour point, is simply added to the oil.

Classification

When it comes to choosing a lubricant for air- or water-cooled outboard motors, it is appropriate to pay attention first of all to ash-free oils. The best manufacturers of such products are Mobil, Esso, Shell, Sadko. They are divided into the following types according to the API classification:

1. TSC-1(TA). This includes oils for small engines with a cylinder capacity of up to 0.5 m 3. Similar power plants are used in mopeds and mobile electricity generators.
2. TSC-2. This category includes oils intended for engines with a volume of 0.5-2.0 m 3. Similar engines are installed both in mopeds and chainsaws, and in motorcycles. They work at high loads.
3. TSC-3. Oils of this category are of higher quality and are used on engines that are very demanding on the quality of lubrication. Suitable products for motors of motorcycles, snowmobiles and other equipment with a volume of 0.5-2.0 m 3.
4. TSC-4. These oils are designed for motor boats with water-cooled engines. Considering the fact that such engines are water-cooled, rather high requirements are imposed on lubricants in terms of ecology.

There is also a marking of lubricants for motorcycles:

1. JASO FA and JASO FB are motorcycle engine oils.
2. JASO FC - this class includes smokeless oils for 2-stroke engines in motorcycles and cars.

Price

The average price of oil for 2-stroke engines is quite high - about 300 rubles per liter canister. At the same time, there are products worth 120 rubles and even 600 rubles per liter. large enough, but it is important to determine which oil is suitable for your type of motor and use it. The use of the wrong lubricant will affect the efficiency of the power plant and its service life.

Hello! I purchased a trimmer Prorab 8406
1. How to dilute gasoline with oil correctly and in what proportion? I did not find the original oil from Prorab, I bought Hungsvarna HP oil. The instructions for the trimmer say from third-party oils, you can use oils of the SAE MIF \ 4 class, API TC-TB. In the case of using a different brand of oil, the proportion of the fuel mixture does not change. The standard proportion of the mixture is 1:25.
But in a specialized store, the "specialist" who sold me the Hungsvarna HP oil strongly advised me to dilute it at 1:50 (as it is written on the oil). Actually the question is: if the instructions say to dilute the oil by 1:25, and 1:50 is recommended for oil, then in what proportion should I dilute it? And 1:25 is how much? 40 ml? I won’t lock up the engine if I divorce it at 1:50?
2. How to properly break in the engine? The manual doesn't say anything other than starting and shutting down. Maybe you don't need a wrap? I read that there are such trimmers that you can work immediately after purchase.
3. Do I need to lubricate the gearbox before work, or is there already a factory grease?
Hope you can help, thanks!
1) Gasoline is ALWAYS diluted with oil in the proportion indicated on the can of this oil! With two-stroke products (gas trimmers, chainsaws, etc.) you can use any two-stroke engine oil except two-stroke outboard motors. It is advisable to use oil from normal stores, where the likelihood of buying fake oil is minimal. It is better to take Husqvarna or Stihl oil. Stihl oil must be with a sealed neck. Beware of fakes. There is a risk of spoiling the piston immediately.
2) Two-stroke products are not run-in! REMEMBER THIS PLEASE!
All two-stroke products are high-revving and love to work at full throttle exclusively!
No half gases are allowed! This leads to incomplete exhaust and coking of the piston wall with oil deposits. As a result - badass piston. So full throttle and every 25-30 seconds you do a gas release for 1-2 seconds to give the product a break and return to normal temperature.
3) The gearbox in straight shaft brushcutters must be filled with new grease every 20 hours. Oil comes out naturally during operation. This is done so that dirt, dust, etc., come out with the lubricant. So if you don’t want to get to replace the gearbox, clog it with special gearbox grease every 20 hours. It is not difficult and the whole operation takes no more than 3 minutes. Lubricant tubes are sold in every store with garden equipment and cost from 100 to 300 rubles. 1 tube is enough for 3 years.
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The concept of tool break-in is reduced to work with partial load during the development of the first two or three tanks of fuel. For example, when mowing thin, low grass or sawing dry, not large wood. In no case should the tool be run in at idle, burning out several tanks of fuel. As a result of such break-in, carbon deposits are formed on the cylinder windows, on the piston and in the muffler, which negatively affects the engine life. Tags: How much oil should be poured into gasoline for 2 stroke engines

The video shows how to make a fuel mixture for two-stroke engines. Refueling mtokosy, chainsaws and...

15 Sep 2011 ... Greetings! Question: How much oil to pour into gasoline for 2 ... There is no soot from modern 2-stroke oils in the engine even at 1:25.

2-stroke oil in gasoline how many grams of oil should be added to 1 liter of gasoline | Topic author: Eugene

sorry not so expressed for 2-stroke engines

Yuri  If the oil is special for 2-stroke engines, then it says 1:50, which is 20 grams per liter of gasoline. . , if 1:25 is 40 grams per liter, but it used to be a simple autol .... I have a Husqvarna and I pour 20 grams of branded oil.

Alexei in different ways.
see which engine. .

Boris  2-stroke oil does not exist. There is oil for two-stroke engines. As a rule, the ratio is 1 to 25.

Olesya  there is a special table! download

Igor  See the instructions for the engine. The ratio can be either 1:50 or 1:25

Konstantin  Aleksandr is right!

Alena  40 grams. This is for a ratio of 1:25.

How much oil to pour into gasoline? -- Forum of water motorists.

May 4, 2014 ... ... how much oil is needed for 10 liters of gasoline, two-stroke engine, 15 bald. ... In paragraphs 2 and 3 above, oils are used for storage inside ... but it is not necessary that, with regard to oil, then for the normal mode 1:50, for ...

Fuel mixture preparation

Two-stroke engines run on a gasoline-oil mixture. The main cause of the malfunction is the incorrect composition of the proportion of the fuel mixture or the complete absence of oil in gasoline. When preparing the fuel mixture, a special oil for two-stroke engines with the marking "For garden equipment" is used. Do not use oil for boat motors, motorcycles, etc... Gasoline/oil ratio may vary depending on engine model, oil label and recommendations of the gas tool manufacturer. For two-stroke engines, mixture ratios of 50:1, 32:1 and 24:1 are used.

Fuel mixture ratio
manufacturer	Gasoline, l.	Oil ml.
50:1	0,5 1 2,5	10 20 50
40:1	0,5 1 2,5	12,5 25 62,5
32:1	0,5 1	16 32

In conditions of insufficient lubrication or when running on clean gasoline, the engine can run for quite a long time. A characteristic sign of long-term operation on clean gasoline is increased vibration and the sound of uneven engine operation. On the piston and cylinder, shallow scuff marks are formed along the entire height of the side surface. Doing so may destroy the piston ring.

As a result of a lack of lubrication, metal is transferred from the piston to the cylinder walls and the engine is jammed.

An excess amount of oil in the fuel mixture leads to coking of the piston ring and the formation of intense carbon deposits on the piston.

Also, the formation of intense carbon deposits on the piston can be caused by prolonged operation of the engine with the carburetor air damper covered.

Also, a sign of engine operation with an excess amount of oil in the fuel mixture is the presence of carbon deposits on the spark plug and severe coking of the muffler mesh screen, which results in a loss of engine power during operation.

Consider some of the signs that indicate that the user does not comply with the recommendations of the Operating Instructions regarding the use of fuel of inadequate quality and storage of lawn mowers.

When using dirty gasoline to mix fuel, there will be dirty deposits in the carburetor.

Also a sign of the use of dirty fuel will be contamination of the fuel filter located in the gas tank.

A sign of long-term storage of lawn mowers with fuel is the oxidation of carburetor elements. In this case, the elastic properties of the rubber diaphragm of the fuel supply control system and the fuel pump membrane change. It is also possible the presence of resinous deposits on the elements of the carburetor.

When using mineral oil for air-cooled two-stroke engines, use a gasoline/oil ratio of 40:1.*
- when using synthetic oil for air-cooled two-stroke engines, use a gasoline/oil ratio of 50:1.*

Use oil labeled “For Garden Equipment”. Do not use oil for boat engines, motorcycles, etc.

* - unless otherwise specified in the instructions for garden equipment.

Use clean, fresh, unleaded gasoline with an octane rating of at least 92 for fuel blending.

Strictly follow the instructions for mixing gasoline and oil. To mix gasoline with oil, use a special container. Do not mix petrol and oil directly in the fuel tank.

Do not use an old fuel mixture with a shelf life of more than 30 days.

When preparing the lawn mower for long-term storage:
- drain all fuel from the fuel tank;
- start the engine until it runs out of fuel;
- unscrew the spark plug, fill the cylinder with 30 ml of high-quality engine oil for 2-stroke or 4-stroke engines, pull the starter handle so that the oil is evenly distributed inside the engine, and install the spark plug in place.
Before starting the engine after a long period of storage, remove the spark plug and drain the oil from the cylinder.

What is a mixture of gasoline and oil for two-stroke engines? Two-stroke engines of various motorized vehicles operate on the basis of a fuel mixture of gasoline and oil. With proper preparation and balance, they work for a long time and without fail. On the contrary, in the case of improper operation, various technical malfunctions occur. The main reason for the occurrence of such situations is the incorrect composition of the proportions of fuel mixtures. Partial or complete absence of oil in the fuel tank also leads to malfunctions. When preparing fuel, a special oil mixture is used, designed for two-stroke engines. While two-stroke engines often serve a variety of purposes, from gardening tools to boat engines, the way they mix fuels is pretty much the same.

Two-stroke engines of various motorized vehicles operate on the basis of a fuel mixture of gasoline and oil.

How to prepare a fuel mixture for two-stroke engines

To know how to properly prepare the fuel mixture, you must first familiarize yourself with the performance properties of the technique for which the fuel is intended. The fact is that manufacturers prescribe different proportional ratios of the amount of oil and gasoline. This depends primarily on the device for which the combustible material is designed, and also partly on its good compatibility with oil. Proportionality can be measured as 1:40 or 1:50. In some cases, the numbers are measured as 1:80. But this should not be misleading. It is necessary to pay attention to the canister of the purchased oil itself or to its instructions for use, where the desired proportions can be indicated. But even a deviation from the recommended proportion should not greatly harm the operation of the motors. From one application, something bad is unlikely to happen, even if the entire gas tank burns through. In practice, there have been cases when ordinary olive oil, which is used for cooking, was poured into the fuel tank along with gasoline.

In some cases, according to the stories of the owners of the equipment, they used a two-liter bottle of Pepsi soda and shot vodka for production, which were then simply mixed with gasoline. But despite this, the engines worked great. Of course, this exotic and easy cooking method is best not to be put into practice. With its frequent use, there remains the risk of a negative effect of such a mixture on the operation of the propulsion unit as a whole.

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Fuel for two-stroke engines

Two-stroke oil can be purchased today at any building supermarket or shop selling industrial oils.

In the preparation of a combustible mixture for two-stroke engines, standard automobile gasoline is used. There are several grades of commonly used fuel, each with its own advantages. There are a few things to consider before using gasoline:

1. On the issue of proportionality, it is better to focus on the recommendations of the manufacturer of this type of fuel. In the event that the gasoline manufacturer has not left specific recommendations for use, the choice must be made between the 92nd or 95th gasoline. But it is better to give preference to the latter.
2. There is an erroneous opinion that says that gasoline of any 80th brand is created using various additives, so it is better than 95th. Additives have always been used and this trend will continue. But the nuance is that the 80th gasoline is not produced by almost any major fuel producer in Russia. And the difference in the cost of the two newest brands is almost the same. No one now gets 95th gasoline using 92nd brand.

In general, the 95th brand is the best option for choosing fuel. It has no contraindications and is suitable for mixing with specialized oils.

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Oil for two-stroke units

Special oil can be purchased today at any building supermarket or shop selling industrial oils. There are a few simple rules for acquiring and using special oils, they are as follows:

1. It is necessary to choose from the entire range of oil intended for a two-stroke engine. But the choice should be determined by the purchase of oil for a particular type of equipment. If, for example, it is written on the cover that oil is for boat equipment, then it should be used specifically for boat equipment and in no case be used, for example, for the production of a fuel mixture for chainsaws. This is due to the fact that the load of both devices is different, and this will negatively affect the technology used. The only device that can consume oil for any two-stroke technique is a trimmer. But this is rather an exception to the rule.
2. Be sure to check the proportionality in its use together with gasoline before starting to use the oil. This is an important rule, but it does not have to be strictly followed. A slight deviation from the specified proportions is permissible, but a large gap will lead to negative consequences in the operation of the propulsion unit.

The choice of oil mainly depends on two factors. The first is which device it fits best. And the second refers to the preferences of the buyer to a particular manufacturer.

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Preparation and operation

Before starting the preparation of the fuel mixture, you should carefully read the instructions attached to the purchased product. But why is it so important to follow them? The operating rules include:

1. Avoid too low proportions of oil in relation to petrol. The fact is that, with an insufficient amount of oil in gasoline, a strong heating of the piston and cylinder will begin, scuffing will occur, and this will contribute to the further failure of the motor element, as a result of which expensive repairs will be required.
2. Avoid too much oil in relation to gasoline. On the contrary, if there is too much oil, then this will sharply increase soot and provoke a breakdown of the motor mechanism.
3. It is necessary to store the used mixture for no more than a month. After a month of maintenance, it loses its previous effect.
4. Do not store the mixture in the sun or in the open. Avoid getting water or dust into it, as this will cause damage to the engine.

Having determined the proportions, you need to decide how to mix oil and gasoline. There shouldn't be any problems here. Mixing accessories include:

1. Special canisters with measured divisions and the presence of two holes - for gasoline and oil, respectively. It is necessary to pour the ingredients into both holes, tighten both lids, mix by tilting the container several times. These are the most convenient devices for diluting the fuel mixture, but such canisters are quite expensive.
2. Standard canisters and plastic bottles. They, if used, are the best suited for mixing gasoline and oil. As a precautionary measure, care must be taken when using plastic and glass appliances, as static electricity can be discharged during their operation. Such canisters are cheaper than specialized ones.
3. Those who do not want to spend money on accessories can use time-tested alternative methods, such as syringes or baby horns. This is the easiest and cheapest way, it takes more time, but allows you to save on financial expenses.

You can not store the gasoline mixture in a plastic canister, because the fuel will literally corrode the plastic body of the canister.

At best, fuel can be stored in a plastic container for two or three days, but no more. A mixture of gasoline and oil for two-stroke engines is today the main type of fuel for dozens of different types of equipment. First of all, you need to try to respect the proportions. As mentioned above, it is not necessary that they match, but the prescribed rate should be close to that practiced during the manufacture of the fuel mixture. Compliance with all the rules of preparation and operation will make the operation of the motor apparatus long and reliable. If the amount of the diluted mixture turned out to be more than necessary, then the remains are best stored in a metal canister or glass jar.

Any equipment, and especially engines, needs timely and high-quality maintenance, so if you bought an outboard motor, take care to use suitable engine oil of decent quality for it. Very often, for certain models of outboard motors, the manufacturer gives strong recommendations for a specific brand of oil, because all tests were carried out on it and the oil showed the best efficiency.

But on the other hand, you can think that it is beneficial for the engine manufacturer to promote a certain oil. Therefore, there is no definite answer regarding the recommended oil, so it is better to rely on the feedback of the owners, listen to the manufacturer's recommendations and use a suitable oil that is not cheap.

Ever since the Soviet era, most engines of the Whirlwind or Veterok type used ordinary low-quality oils or Avrol for operation, but this gave its own problems in the form of carbon deposits on the rings and the need to clean the muffler.

Today, the main criterion for choosing an oil is the type of engine used:

• 2-stroke - such motors have been used for a long time, only 2-stroke engines were previously produced on boats. Today, more efficient 4-stroke versions are in vogue, but a two-stroke engine has its advantages. A feature is that a minimum of oil enters the crank chamber, if there is an older carburetor engine, a mixture of gasoline and oil enters. If a more modern engine - injection occurs directly through a special nozzle. For 2 T oil, more stringent quality requirements are put forward, it must burn quickly and form a minimum of smoke and soot on the rings.
• 4-stroke - in such motors, the emphasis is more on the amount and pressure of oil, the motor must better withstand heating and cooling. The requirements for such an oil are quite high, and only certified oils can meet them. The oil must work stably when exposed to water, and must also age slowly when operating at high speeds. This is very important, given that outboard motors always run at maximum speed.

What oil to fill in a 2T outboard motor?

In addition to the inscription on the 2T container, the oil must have the TC-W3 marking, which is officially approved by the shipbuilders association. This marking will confirm that the oil effectively lubricates and provides proper protection to the mechanisms. High-quality oil should effectively remove heat from all working mechanisms of the motor. Make sure that there are no metal anions in the oil; without them, the oil will ensure that the engine does not form carbon deposits.

Among the best 2 T oils, it is worth highlighting:

• Motul Outboard Synth 2T is a French well-known brand that produces excellent oils for outboard motors. Conform to the international standard TC-W3, the cleanest "exhaust" is provided. It is also interesting that this oil can be used for a mixture in a ratio of 1:100. One of the best oils for both carburetor engines and electronic injection models.
• Liqui Moly Marine Fully Synthetic is a two-stroke oil, synthetics with great demand in the market. Unfortunately, the oil cannot be called affordable, its cost ranges from 1500 rubles per 1 liter. A big plus of the brand is the minimum flash point, reduced to 120 degrees.

How is boat engine oil different?

Compared to a car engine, a boat engine has a much higher turnover. When in normal operation the car engine produces two to four thousand revolutions, then the boat engine - five to six thousand. The thing is that the boat engine has to work in a much higher density environment. Also, the aquatic environment, which adversely affects all mechanisms.

It is worth remembering that the oil for engines of different cycles is very different.

In two-stroke engines, all moving parts inside the engine are lubricated by supplying a fuel-oil mixture mixed with air. The oil itself is poured into the fuel, with which it burns. This means that such an oil, in addition to its viscosity and lubricity characteristics, must be non-smoky.

In a four-stroke motor, the lubrication of moving elements occurs in exactly the same way as in an automobile engine, in a closed cycle. Higher requirements are placed on the oil here due to higher speeds. Such oil is not much different from automobile oil, it just has additives added that protect against corrosion and perfectly remove gasoline combustion products.

The best oils for 4 T engines

• Motul Outboard Tech 4T - again Motul takes the lead, the average oil price is 600 rubles per liter. There is an excellent combination of price and quality, when in contact with water, minimal emulsion formation is created.
• Quicksilver 4-Stroke Marine 10W-30 is Belgian-made oil, the price is slightly more expensive than Motul - 770 rubles per liter. The quality of the oil is confirmed by the ability to fill it for Japanese engines up to 60 hp. During prolonged operation, minimal carbon deposits are created, even when working at high speeds. Unfortunately, the oil is not so popular in stores, although it has excellent qualities and has been tested by many experts.

We figured out which oil is better for a boat motor, you choose based on your budget and recommendations. In order not to miscalculate, choose Motul branded oils, they are very popular and have earned special respect among the owners of outboard motors.

How much oil is in the outboard motor?

In outboard motors, oil is not poured into a special container, it must be diluted with gasoline, creating an optimal combustible mixture. If you own a 2 T outboard motor, you should use an increased amount of oil during break-in - a ratio of 1:25.

If you use the outboard motor in standard mode, while sometimes moving out for long distances, the recommended ratio is 1 to 50. When you operate the motor for a short distance with a high number of revolutions, choose an oil to gasoline ratio of 1:75. In the case of the operation of the motor in the usual measured mode, dilution in a ratio of 1:100 is allowed.

It is important to understand that it is impossible to save on oil, otherwise all components and mechanisms wear out quickly and fail.

When the amount of oil is exceeded, the engine smokes more, soot appears on the candle and in the combustion chamber.

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