As early as May 10, 2010, the Government of the Russian Federation approved amendments to the Rules traffic. The moment these amendments come into force is just around the corner, namely on November 21, 2010, the amendments to the traffic rules come into force. Therefore, it's time to review: what is new for us legislators have prepared? Here it must be added that all changes need to be studied in detail not only by novice drivers or students of driving schools, but also by experienced drivers, since some of the changes make a significant stir in the seemingly well-established and familiar Rules of the Road. Well, well, let's talk about everything in order.
Chapter 1. General Provisions
In the "General Provisions" there have been positive changes aimed at eliminating the ambiguity in the interpretation of some paragraphs of the SDA.
So, the change affected the term "Overtaking", if in the previous version of the SDA, paragraph 1. 2 was formulated as follows:
"Overtaking" - the advance of one or more moving vehicles associated with the departure from the occupied lane.
IN new edition The term is somewhat expanded and supplemented by the rules:
"Overtaking" - the advance of one or more vehicles associated with the exit to the lane (side of the carriageway) intended for oncoming traffic, and subsequent return to the previously occupied lane (side of the carriageway).
It turns out that "Overtaking" can now be called a maneuver, which is necessarily associated with the exit into the oncoming lane. And from this it follows that after overtaking it is strictly necessary to return to your half of the movement. And this clarification of the term "Overtaking" in one fell swoop removes all the doubts of drivers - when it is necessary to return to your own lane, and when you can continue moving along the overtaking lane. Now unambiguously - overtook (performed "Overtaking") - return to your half of the road.
In the old version of the SDA (still valid at the time of writing), due to the ambiguity of the interpretation of the term "Overtaking", many teachers of the Rules in driving schools introduced the term, which in Section 1 " General provisions" did not have. This term is "Advanced", which is quite reasonably added to the new edition of clause 1. 2 of the SDA from November 21, 2010. The term is formulated like this:
"Advanced" - movement vehicle with speed, more speed accompanying vehicle.
The ambiguity associated with the interpretation of the term "Overtaking" has been exhausted. For the same purposes, Section 1 of the SDA has been supplemented with new, previously absent, but no less necessary terms.
In the old version of the "General Provisions", regarding traffic conditions, there were two terms - "Insufficient visibility" and "Dark time of day". Although in some paragraphs of the traffic rules the term "Limited visibility" was encountered, which was not described in terms. Here the teachers had to think and explain to the students. This time, in change SDA given the oversight was taken into account and a “new” term appeared:
"Limited visibility" - the driver's visibility of the road in the direction of travel, limited by the terrain, geometric parameters roads, vegetation, buildings, structures or other objects, including vehicles.
The term appeared - it's very good. But it is somewhat unclear at what distance the mentioned objects should be located from the driver so that visibility can be considered limited? For example, in clause 11.5 of the Rules there is the following phrase:
11.5 No overtaking:
…
At the end of the climb and on other road sections with limited visibility with exit to the lane of oncoming traffic.
It is not clear when it is still forbidden to overtake - when the terrain changes a kilometer away from us, or when a car parked unsuccessfully is standing ten meters away? Of course, following the logic, it is not difficult to answer this question. But how will the system of penalties for overtaking in places with limited visibility develop? After all, it turns out that the term "Limited visibility" is subjective - both the driver and the traffic police officer will interpret it in their own way.
Also, Section 1 of the SDA has been supplemented with another new term:
"Obstacle" - an immovable object on a traffic lane (a faulty or damaged vehicle, a defect in the roadway, foreign objects, etc.), which does not allow you to continue driving along this lane.
With this term, everything is very clear, only you need to explain a little: a traffic jam and a vehicle that has stopped or parked without violations is not an obstacle traffic rules. But, the following definition is new not only as a term, but its very concept is still unknown to Russian motorists. This term "Daytime running lights":
"Daytime running lights" - external lighting fixtures designed to improve the visibility of a moving vehicle in front during daylight hours.
Here we are talking about individual lighting devices designed to improve the visibility of the vehicle. The presence of daytime running lights has long been mandatory in the Scandinavian countries. We have so far only recommended the installation of these lights. In the meantime, instead of them, you can use low beam headlights or fog lights. Expect day kits on sale running lights, which each driver has the right to independently install on his car. Is it worth it, because there are headlights or foglights? Here you have to decide for yourself - daytime running lights have a much lower lamp power and, accordingly, load the generator, battery less and, in the end, affect fuel consumption. And if you take into account the fact that it will be necessary to turn on daytime running lights when driving and in settlements ... However, we'll talk about this a little lower.
Chapter 2. General duties of drivers
The changes in this section only affect seat belts. The task of students of driving schools has been made easier - now there is no need to cram - who can, when and where not buckle up security. In the new edition SDA buckle up during the movement is necessary for everyone and always without exception. Let us quote this paragraph of the Rules as it will look like from November 21, 2010 (clause 2.1.2):
“When driving a vehicle equipped with seat belts, be fastened and do not carry passengers, do not belted…»
Actually, this is how it should be, and there should not be beneficiaries here - not wear a seatbelt security is a dubious "pleasure", why would anyone risk their lives?
Chapter 6
Removed footnote:
* Instead of red and yellow arrows in the same meaning, round red and yellow signals with black contour arrows applied to them.
Outline arrows at traffic lights will now be in only one version - on the main green signal of the traffic light, which is equipped additional section. Red and yellow arrows (and traffic lights with such arrows are still used in some cities) will be colored on a dark background.
Chapter 8
There are no significant changes in this section. Only point 8. 1 is only somewhat specified.
“Before starting to move, changing lanes, turning (turning) and stopping, the driver is obliged to give signals with light indicators for the direction of the corresponding direction, and if they are absent or faulty, by hand. At the same time, the maneuver must be safe and not interfere with other road users.
“Before starting to move, changing lanes, turning (turning) and stopping, the driver is obliged to give signals with light indicators for the direction of the corresponding direction, and if they are absent or faulty, by hand. When performing a maneuver, there should not be a danger to traffic, as well as obstacles to other road users.
Chapter 9. Location of vehicles on the roadway
9.1, was:
“The number of lanes for trackless vehicles is determined by the markings and (or) signs 5.15.1, 5.15.2, 5.15.7, 5.15.8, and if there are none, then by the drivers themselves, taking into account the width of the carriageway, the dimensions of the vehicles and the necessary intervals between them. At the same time, the side intended for oncoming traffic is considered to be half the width of the carriageway, located on the left, not counting local widenings of the carriageway ... "
“The number of lanes for trackless vehicles is determined by the markings and (or) signs 5.15.1, 5.15.2, 5.15.7, 5.15.8, and if there are none, then by the drivers themselves, taking into account the width of the carriageway, the dimensions of the vehicles and the necessary intervals between them. At the same time, the side intended for oncoming traffic on two-way roads without a dividing lane is considered to be half the width of the carriageway, located on the left, not counting local widenings of the carriageway ... "
The change was made in order to once again emphasize that the movement along oncoming lane, for example, for overtaking, is only possible on two-lane roads that do not have a dividing strip in the middle. The previous version of this paragraph of the Rules could be understood in two ways.
Consider changing another point of traffic rules from the same section. The next one that was touched by the edits is paragraph 9. 2:
"On two-way roads with four lanes or more, it is forbidden to enter the side of the road intended for oncoming traffic."
“On two-way roads with four or more lanes, it is forbidden to overtake or pass into the lane intended for oncoming traffic. On such roads, left turns or U-turns may be performed at intersections and other places where it is not prohibited by the Rules, signs and (or) markings.
For the first time, perhaps, it is specifically said when it is still possible to enter the lanes of oncoming traffic on roads with four or more lanes. And there are only two of these cases - making a left turn or a U-turn. Naturally, if these maneuvers are not prohibited by other paragraphs of the Rules. This was all assumed by default in the previous version of this paragraph of the Rules, but it allowed the traffic police inspectors, and many judges, to read this rule from a disadvantageous side, from the point of view of the driver. And the punishment for driving into the oncoming lane in places where it is prohibited is very serious - deprivation of the right to drive for a period of 4 to 6 months.
Other changes in Section 9 of the SDA are not so significant. In connection with the change in the concept of the term "Overtaking", the word "overtaking" was removed from some phrases, but this does not affect the organization of traffic in a key way, and we will not stop here.
Good afternoon, dear readers.
In this already sixth article from the series "Amendments to SDA 2010" we will continue to consider changes that come into effect on November 20, 2010. Today we will talk about changes in the rules for transporting children, the movement of bicycles and mopeds, road signs and innovations in the annex to the rules of the road "Basic provisions for the admission of vehicles for operation and duties officials for road safety".
If you missed the previous posts, you can read them first:
Rules for transporting children
22.9.
Transportation of children under 12 years of age in vehicles equipped with seat belts must be carried out using special child restraints appropriate for the weight and height of the child, or other means that allow the child to be fastened using seat belts provided for by the design of the vehicle, and on front seat passenger car– only with the use of special child restraints.
22.9. Transportation of children is allowed provided that their safety is ensured, taking into account the design features of the vehicle.
Transportation of children under 12 years of age in vehicles equipped with seat belts must be carried out using child restraints appropriate for the weight and height of the child, or other means that allow the child to be fastened using the seat belts provided for by the design of the vehicle, and in the front seat car - only with the use of child restraints.
It is forbidden to transport children under 12 years of age on back seat motorcycle.
Only one word was excluded from the second paragraph - "special". This makes it possible to transport children in a car without the use of special seats, i.e. you can fasten the child and something homemade. But, I do not think that someone will want to risk the health of their child and spare money for a good chair for him. I already talked in more detail about the need for child seats in the article, so I will not repeat myself.
Attention! Starting from July 12, 2017, a new version of paragraph 22.9 of the SDA is in force. You can learn more about it in this one.
Changes in the movement of mopeds, bicycles, horse-drawn carts, etc.
24.2. Bicycles, mopeds, horse-drawn carts (sleighs), riding and pack animals must move only in the rightmost lane in one row, as far as possible to the right. Driving on the side of the road is allowed if it does not interfere with pedestrians.
24.2. Bicycles, mopeds, horse-drawn carts (sledges), saddle and pack animals must move only in one row as far as possible to the right. Driving on the side of the road is allowed if it does not interfere with pedestrians.
Columns of cyclists, horse-drawn carts (sledges), riding and pack animals when moving along the roadway must be divided into groups of 10 cyclists, riding and pack animals and 5 carts (sledges). To facilitate overtaking, the distance between groups should be 80 - 100 m.
So, in paragraph 24.2, the words "in the far right lane" were deleted, which gives more freedom to cyclists and mopedists, and adds unnecessary problems to car drivers. If earlier the bike was driving in the middle of the road (or just beyond the extreme right lane) and got into an accident, then the driver had the opportunity to prove his case. Now, under certain circumstances, cyclists will be able to ride in any lane.
Since it is not forbidden by law to ride a bicycle without a helmet, and cyclists themselves care little about their safety, any accident involving a cyclist leads to serious consequences for the latter. Well, the chances of the driver to prove his innocence are falling with the current change in the rules. The same applies to mopeds, and.
In my opinion, the usefulness of this innovation is debatable. What do you think?
New road signs
3.20 "No Overtaking" It is forbidden to overtake all vehicles.
3.20 "No Overtaking" It is forbidden to overtake all vehicles, except slow-moving vehicles, horse-drawn carts, mopeds and two-wheeled motorcycles without a stroller.
On the one hand, this change will increase throughput expensive, and on the other hand, it can lead to dangerous situation. After all, the sign 3.20 is installed on the roads for a reason, but in those places where traffic accidents are especially common.
So if after November 20, 2010 you decide to overtake, for example, a slow-moving vehicle, then first make sure that this maneuver will be safe.
And now about the pleasant. Amendments are introduced absolutely new information road signs and service marks:
6.20.1 , 6.20.2 "Emergency exit". Indicates the location in the tunnel where the emergency exit is located.
6.21.1 , 6.21.2 "Direction to emergency exit". Indicates the direction to the emergency exit and the distance to it.
7.19 "Emergency phone number". Indicates the location where the phone is located for calling emergency services.
7.20 "Fire extinguisher". Indicates the location of the fire extinguisher.
Unfortunately, there are no images of signs yet, but I think they will be found by November 20 and will take their place in the updated traffic rules. As for the appointment of new road signs, it can be judged by their names.
In cases where the meanings of temporary road signs placed on a portable stand and marking lines contradict each other, drivers should be guided by the signs. In cases where temporary marking lines and permanent marking lines contradict each other, drivers must be guided by temporary marking lines.
In cases where the meanings of road signs, including temporary ones (placed on a portable support), and horizontal marking lines contradict each other or the markings are not sufficiently distinguishable, drivers should be guided by road signs. In cases where temporary marking lines and permanent marking lines contradict each other, drivers must be guided by temporary marking lines.
Previously, only temporary road signs had priority over markings, but now any road signs take precedence over markings. I note that the requirements of this paragraph apply only to drivers (cars, buses, scooters, bicycles), and do not apply to pedestrians. That is, what a pedestrian should do in a contradictory situation remains unclear.
Attention! Starting from July 12, 2017, a new version of the above paragraph of the SDA is in force. You can learn more about the innovation in this.
Rules for the use of car tires
5.5. Tires of various sizes, designs (radial, diagonal, chamber, tubeless), models, with different tread patterns, studded and non-studded, frost-resistant and non-frost-resistant, new and restored are installed on one axle of vehicles.
5.5. Tires of various sizes, designs (radial, diagonal, chamber, tubeless), models, with different tread patterns, frost-resistant and non-frost-resistant, new and retreaded, new and with a deep tread pattern are installed on one axle of the vehicle. The vehicle is equipped with studded and non-studded tires.
Now it is impossible to install on different axes car of studded and non-studded tires, which for some reason was used by some drivers. Perhaps they did this for the sake of economy, thus exposing themselves and their passengers to unnecessary danger. About the inadmissibility of use different tires on different axes, I told in the article
This concludes the consideration of the current amendments, and in the next article of the series we will summarize. If you still do not understand some innovations in the rules, then you can write about it in the comments, and we will analyze these situations together. Good luck on the roads!
By the end of the year, the Rules of the Road may acquire the status of law. But on November 20, 2010, the last, most significant traffic rules changes. Special attention in the amendments given to pedestrians. Now paragraph 14.1 states that the driver, approaching an unregulated pedestrian crossing, will have to slow down or even stop to let pedestrians through. And not just to miss, but to notice the desire of a person to cross the street. Motorists are already joking: one girl will stand with a mobile, going down from the sidewalk to carriageway, and the other is to wait in front of the zebra when the speaker realizes her intention to cross the road.
We bring to your attention full review changes in the traffic rules that come into force on November 20, 2010:
Concepts and terms
The first concept that has undergone a significant change is overtaking:
"Overtaking" - the advance of one or more moving vehicles associated with the departure from the occupied lane.
"Overtaking" - advance of one or more vehicles associated with the exit to the lane (side of the carriageway) intended for oncoming traffic, and subsequent return to the previously occupied lane (side of the carriageway).
Consider changes made.
1. Previously, overtaking was considered to be ahead of moving vehicles, but now this word has been excluded. I note that earlier, in the event of any unforeseen situation, for example, in an accident on 2 lanes at once, it was possible to bypass damaged vehicles in the oncoming lane without the risk of losing your rights. It is preserved at the present time, because. detour of standing vehicles is not overtaking. Although, perhaps, following the change in traffic rules, amendments will also be made to the Code on administrative offenses(a document regulating fines) and then it will already be possible to accurately judge the possibility of a detour in the oncoming lane. Currently, a fine of 1000-1500 rubles is provided for such a detour.
2. Now overtaking is only a maneuver that involves driving into the oncoming lane. This does not indicate that it is necessary to cross the double solid line, it is just forbidden to do this. Rather, this change emphasizes that the concept of overtaking has been significantly narrowed and now overtaking can only be carried out on roads where it is allowed to enter the oncoming traffic lane (for example, on 2-lane roads).
I note that this innovation does not cancel overtaking in their usual sense. It's just that now such a maneuver will be called differently.
Dangerous cargo:
"Dangerous goods" - substances, products made from them, wastes from production and other economic activities, which, due to their inherent properties, may endanger human life and health during transportation, harm the environment, damage or destroy material values.
"Dangerous goods" - substances, products made from them, wastes of production and other economic activities, which, due to their inherent properties, may pose a threat to human life and health during transportation, harm environment damage or destroy property.
As you can see, this concept has changed slightly. The whole difference lies in only one word, which for ordinary drivers doesn't mean anything special. A dangerous goods as it was, and remains something that is dangerous to carry, and next to which it is better not to go.
Limited visibility:
"Limited visibility" - the driver's visibility of the road in the direction of travel, limited by the terrain, the geometric parameters of the road, vegetation, buildings, structures or other objects, including vehicles.
This is a completely new concept, which, undoubtedly, has always been lacking in the rules of the road.
Advance:
"Advance" - the movement of a vehicle at a speed greater than the speed of a passing vehicle.
This is also a new concept. Like the previous one, before it was only implied.
The appearance of this concept is associated with significant changes in the concept of "overtaking". The advance just means what in the old (until November 20, 2010) edition of the rules was called overtaking.
Let:
"Obstacle" - an immovable object on a traffic lane (a faulty or damaged vehicle, a defect in the roadway, foreign objects, etc.), which does not allow you to continue driving along this lane.
Daytime Running Lights:
"Daytime running lights" - external lighting devices designed to improve the visibility of a moving vehicle in front during daylight hours.
Use of seat belts
2.1.2. When driving a vehicle equipped with seat belts, be fastened and not carry passengers who are not fastened with seat belts (it is allowed not to fasten seat belts for teaching driving when the trainee is driving the vehicle, and in settlements, in addition, to drivers and passengers of vehicles of operational services (list operational services is established by the Government Russian Federation), having special color schemes applied to the outer surfaces). When driving a motorcycle, wear a fastened motorcycle helmet and do not carry passengers without a buttoned motorcycle helmet.
2.1.2. When driving a vehicle equipped with seat belts, be fastened and do not carry passengers who are not wearing seat belts. When driving a motorcycle, wear a fastened motorcycle helmet and do not carry passengers without a buttoned motorcycle helmet.
As you can see, a very important proposal was excluded from paragraph 2.1.2, which allows certain categories of citizens not to use seat belts. Of course, this innovation will reduce injuries on the roads.
Let me emphasize once again that from November 20, 2010, absolutely all drivers and passengers are required to wear seat belts. For violation of this rule, an administrative fine of 500 rubles is provided.
As you may have guessed, this change will not affect ordinary drivers in any way.
Changes concerning international movement
· have on this vehicle (if there is a trailer - and on the trailer) the registration and distinguishing signs of the state in which it is registered.
2.2. The driver of a power-driven vehicle participating in international road traffic must:
· have registration documents for this vehicle (if there is a trailer - also for the trailer) and a driver's license in accordance with the Convention on Road Traffic;
· have on this vehicle (if there is a trailer - and on the trailer) the registration and distinguishing signs of the state in which it is registered. Distinguishing signs of the state may be placed on registration plates.
IN this case the changes are not so significant and concern only the fact that the distinctive signs of the state can be located on the vehicle numbers. This change applies to vehicles not registered in the Russian Federation.
Actions in case of a traffic accident
· accept possible measures to provide first aid to the injured, call an ambulance, and in emergency cases send the victims on a passing, and if this is not possible, deliver them on their vehicle to the nearest medical institution, provide their last name, register sign vehicle (with the presentation of an identity document, or driving license and registration document for the vehicle) and return to the scene of the accident;
2.5. In the event of a traffic accident, the driver involved in it must:
take measures to provide first aid to the victims, call an ambulance, and in emergency cases, send the victims on a passing, and if this is not possible, deliver them to the nearest medical institution in your vehicle, provide your last name, registration plate of the vehicle (with presentation of an identity document or driver's license and vehicle registration document) and return to the scene of the accident;
The difference lies in the fact that in the past it was necessary to take possible measures, but now these measures are mandatory. Also pre-medical health care changed to first aid. Such changes say little to an ordinary driver, and the meaning of the paragraph remains the same as before. In the event of an accident, you should not leave the victims, you should help them.
Pedestrian Rule Changes
4.7. When approaching vehicles with a blue flashing beacon and a special sound signal turned on, pedestrians must refrain from crossing the carriageway, and those on it must give way to these vehicles and immediately clear the carriageway.
4.7. When approaching vehicles with a flashing beacon on of blue color(blue and red colors) and a special sound signal, pedestrians must refrain from crossing the carriageway, and pedestrians on it must immediately leave the carriageway.
The first change is that now pedestrians must refrain from crossing the carriageway not only when approaching cars with a blue flashing beacon, but also with blue and red beacons. So pedestrians need to be more careful now.
Another significant amendment is that earlier pedestrians on the roadway had to give way to a car with special signals, i.e. they could stop on the roadway and just not interfere. Now this possibility is excluded and pedestrians must immediately clear the roadway.
Traffic light changes
6.3. Traffic light signals made in the form of red, yellow and green arrows (instead of red and yellow arrows, round red and yellow signals with black outline arrows printed on them can be used in the same meaning) have the same meaning as round signals of the corresponding color , but they only affect the direction(s) indicated by the arrows. At the same time, the arrow that allows a left turn also allows a U-turn, unless this is prohibited by the corresponding road sign.
6.3. Traffic light signals made in the form of arrows of red, yellow and green colors have the same meaning as round signals of the corresponding color, but their effect extends only to the direction (directions) indicated by the arrows. At the same time, the arrow that allows a left turn also allows a U-turn, unless this is prohibited by the corresponding road sign.
As you can see, now traffic lights that have black contour arrows applied to them are now excluded from the rules of the road.
Now all traffic lights that regulate certain directions will not differ from each other, but the black contour arrows will not confuse drivers, especially those who are just starting to learn the rules of the road.
New rules for maneuvering
8.1. Before starting to move, changing lanes, turning (turning) and stopping, the driver is obliged to give signals with light indicators for the direction of the corresponding direction, and if they are absent or faulty, by hand. At the same time, the maneuver must be safe and not interfere with other road users.
8.1. Before starting to move, changing lanes, turning (turning) and stopping, the driver is obliged to give signals with light indicators for the direction of the corresponding direction, and if they are absent or faulty, by hand. When performing a maneuver, there should not be a danger to traffic, as well as obstacles to other road users.
Perhaps here the meaning of the phrase has changed slightly. Therefore, you can maneuver as well as before. The main thing is not to create problems for other road users.
New rules for the location of vehicles on the roadway
9.1. The number of lanes for trackless vehicles is determined by markings and (or) signs 5.15.1, 5.15.2, 5.15.7, 5.15.8, and if there are none, then by the drivers themselves, taking into account the width of the carriageway, the dimensions of vehicles and the necessary intervals between them. At the same time, the side intended for oncoming traffic is considered to be half the width of the carriageway, located on the left, not counting local widenings of the carriageway (transitional-speed lanes, additional lanes for climbing, drive-in pockets of stopping places for route vehicles).
9.1. The number of lanes for trackless vehicles is determined by markings and (or) signs 5.15.1, 5.15.2, 5.15.7, 5.15.8, and if there are none, then by the drivers themselves, taking into account the width of the carriageway, the dimensions of vehicles and the necessary intervals between them. At the same time, the side intended for oncoming traffic on roads with two-way traffic without a dividing lane is considered to be half the width of the carriageway, located on the left, not counting local widenings of the carriageway (transitional speed lanes, additional lanes for climbing, drive-in pockets of stopping places for route vehicles ).
This change eliminated another incomprehensibility in the rules of the road, although it was intuitively clear before what was at stake. The clarification here refers to the words "on two-way traffic without a median", which, as it were, warn against the fact that drivers will start looking for the opposite direction on one-way or on roads with a median.
9.2. On two-way roads with four lanes or more, it is prohibited to enter the side of the road intended for oncoming traffic.
9.2. On two-way roads with four or more lanes, it is forbidden to overtake or pass into the lane intended for oncoming traffic. On such roads, left turns or U-turns may be performed at intersections and other places where it is not prohibited by the Rules, signs and (or) markings.
This add-on eliminates significant disadvantage previous version traffic rules. Previously (until November 20, 2010) on roads with four lanes or more (even in the absence of a double solid marking line), it was forbidden to drive into oncoming traffic. Moreover, it could be interpreted in different ways. In particular, it could be said that in this case, including turning to the left is prohibited.
In the new version of the rules, everything fell into place. You can turn left, but only where it is not prohibited.
However, on any roads that have three or more lanes for traffic in a given direction, take the extreme left lane permitted only in heavy traffic when other lanes are occupied, as well as for overtaking, turning left or turning around, and trucks with permission maximum weight more than 2.5 tons - only for a left turn or U-turn. Departure to the left lane of one-way roads for stopping and parking is carried out in accordance with clause 12.1 of the Rules.
The movement of vehicles in one lane at a speed greater than in the adjacent lane is not considered overtaking.
9.4. outside settlements, as well as in settlements on roads marked with signs 5.1 or 5.3 or where traffic at a speed of more than 80 km / h is allowed, drivers of vehicles should drive them as close as possible to the right edge of the carriageway. It is forbidden to occupy the left lanes when the right lanes are free.
In settlements, taking into account the requirements of this paragraph and paragraphs 9.5, 16.1 and 24.2 of the Rules, drivers of vehicles can use the most convenient lane for them. In heavy traffic, when all lanes are occupied, it is allowed to change the lane only for turning left or right, turning around, stopping or avoiding an obstacle.
However, on any roads that have three lanes or more for traffic in this direction, it is allowed to occupy the leftmost lane only in heavy traffic when other lanes are occupied, as well as for turning left or U-turn, and trucks with a maximum permissible weight of more than 2.5 t - only for a left turn or U-turn. Departure to the left lane of one-way roads for stopping and parking is carried out in accordance with clause 12.1 of the Rules.
Although paragraph 9.4 is quite large, the changes made are not so significant. They relate to the fact that in the amended version of the rules of the road, the concept of overtaking is interpreted in a new way. Consequently, there is no need for some clarifying points in the new edition of the rules.
Section 11 has been so significantly changed that it has been republished in its entirety. Even the title doesn't sound like "11. Overtaking, oncoming traffic”, but as “11.
Overtaking, advancing, oncoming passing.
In part 1 of this series of articles, it was already said that the concept of overtaking has been changed. In the new edition of the rules, overtaking will be called the advance of one or more vehicles associated with the exit to the lane (side of the carriageway) intended for oncoming traffic, and the subsequent return to the previously occupied lane (side of the carriageway).
So, let's consider everything in order.
Before overtaking
11.1. Before overtaking, the driver must ensure that:
the lane he intends to enter is free at a distance sufficient for overtaking and by this maneuver he will not interfere with oncoming vehicles and vehicles moving along this lane;
the vehicle following behind in the same lane did not start overtaking, and the vehicle moving in front did not give a signal to overtake, turn (rebuild) to the left;
· upon completion of overtaking, he will be able to return to the previously occupied lane without interfering with the overtaken vehicle.
11.1. Before overtaking, the driver must make sure that the lane he is going to enter is free at a distance sufficient for overtaking and that in the process of overtaking he will not endanger traffic and interfere with other road users.
At first glance, the preparations for overtaking have become easier, because. out of 3 existing before conditions Basically, there is only one left. But in fact, this is not the case and all the omissions will be described in the next paragraph.
When overtaking is prohibited
11.2. Overtaking a trackless vehicle is only allowed on the left side. However, overtaking a vehicle whose driver has signaled a left turn and proceeded to perform a maneuver is carried out with right side.
11.2. The driver is prohibited from overtaking if:
a vehicle moving in front overtakes or avoids an obstacle;
a vehicle moving ahead in the same lane has given a left turn signal;
the vehicle following it has begun to overtake;
· upon completion of overtaking, he will not be able to return to the previously occupied lane without creating a danger to traffic and interference with the vehicle being overtaken.
From the previous paragraph 11.2. in the new edition of the rules of the road there is no trace left. This is primarily due to the fact that from November 20, 2010 overtaking will be considered a maneuver associated with the exit into the oncoming lane. Well, since traffic in the Russian Federation is right-handed, it is obvious that the lane of oncoming traffic cannot be on the right, which means that overtaking on the right is fundamentally impossible.
The new paragraph 11.2. in many ways similar to paragraph 11.1. in the previous version of the rules. The difference lies in the fact that in the new edition it is forbidden to overtake a vehicle that performs a detour of an obstacle. In the previous version of the rules, there was no such clarification, because and the concept of "obstacle" was absent.
No overtaking
11.5. Overtaking prohibited:
· on regulated intersections with exit to the lane of oncoming traffic, as well as to unregulated intersections when driving on a road that is not the main one (with the exception of overtaking at intersections with roundabout, overtaking two-wheeled vehicles without side trailer and allowed overtaking on the right);
· on railway crossings and closer than 100 m in front of them;
a vehicle that overtakes or bypasses;
· at the end of the ascent and on other sections of roads with limited visibility with exit to the oncoming traffic lane.
11.4. Overtaking prohibited:
at regulated intersections, as well as at unregulated intersections when driving on a road that is not the main one;
· on pedestrian crossings if there are pedestrians on them;
at railway crossings and closer than 100 meters in front of them;
on bridges, viaducts, overpasses and under them, as well as in tunnels;
· at the end of a climb, on dangerous curves and in other areas with limited visibility.
The new paragraph 11.4 resembles the old 11.5, so let's compare them. As you can see, in several places the phrase emphasizing the exit into the oncoming lane was excluded. This is not surprising, since now such a departure is implied in the very concept of "overtaking".
There is also an absolute novelty in paragraph 11.4. Now it is forbidden to overtake on bridges, viaducts, overpasses and under them, as well as in tunnels. This is important and must be remembered. Those. it is no longer possible to overtake, for example, on two-lane bridges without markings, or two-lane bridges with intermittent markings.
Passage at pedestrian crossings
11.5. The advance of vehicles when passing pedestrian crossings is carried out taking into account the requirements of clause 14.2 of the Rules.
This item is brand new. Its meaning lies in the fact that if you overtake in the old sense of the word, i.e. as if you are overtaking, but you don’t drive into the oncoming lane, and this maneuver takes place at a pedestrian crossing, then you need to make sure that some grandmother is not lurking in front of the overtaken car, terribly late for the train.
Overtaking slow vehicles
11.6. The driver of a low-speed or large-sized vehicle outside built-up areas, in cases where overtaking this vehicle is difficult, must take as far to the right as possible, and if necessary, stop in order to let the vehicles that have accumulated behind him pass.
11.6. If, outside built-up areas, overtaking or advancing a slow-moving vehicle, a vehicle carrying bulky cargo, or a vehicle moving at a speed not exceeding 30 km / h, are difficult, the driver of such a vehicle must take as much to the right as possible, and if necessary, stop to let the vehicles following him pass.
The meaning of the paragraph has largely been preserved. The difference is that now the number of vehicles that other vehicles must pass has been expanded to include vehicles carrying bulky goods and moving at a speed not exceeding 30 km/h. Also, in addition to the concept of overtaking, the concept of lead has been added to the paragraph.
Oncoming traffic
11.7. If oncoming traffic is difficult, then the driver on whose side there is an obstacle must give way. On slopes marked with signs 1.13 and 1.14, in the presence of an obstacle, the driver of a vehicle moving downhill must give way.
11.7. If the oncoming traffic is difficult, the driver on whose side there is an obstacle must give way. If there is an obstacle on the slopes marked with signs 1.13 and 1.14, the driver of the vehicle moving downhill must give way.
This item has been minor changes and completely retained its meaning.
Let's summarize. Section 11 was the most significant amended, leaving only paragraph 11.3 intact. This once again emphasizes the scale of the current innovations.
Roundabout Circulation
At such intersections, the tram has an advantage over trackless vehicles moving in the same direction or in the opposite direction on an equivalent road, regardless of the direction of its movement.
13.9. At the intersection of unequal roads, the driver of a vehicle moving along secondary road, must give way to vehicles approaching along the main road, regardless of the direction of their further movement.
At such intersections, the tram has an advantage over trackless vehicles moving in the same direction or in the opposite direction on an equivalent road, regardless of the direction of its movement.
In the event that sign 4.3 is installed in front of a roundabout in combination with sign 2.4 or 2.5, the driver of a vehicle located at the intersection has priority over vehicles entering such an intersection.
In paragraph 13.9, a new paragraph has been added that deals with roundabouts. In the event that sign 4.3 “Roundabout” and sign 2.4 “Give way” or sign 4.3 “Roundabout” and sign 2.5 “Movement without stopping” are installed before the intersection, then drivers in the roundabout have the advantage.
The added item is intended for those drivers who are already in a roundabout, because. no additional signs will be installed on the roundabout itself. Those. If, when entering a roundabout, you see a “Give way” sign or a “Movement without stopping is prohibited” sign, then when driving at such an intersection, you will not need to give way to incoming cars. The rule "interference on the right" in the presence of a sign 2.4 or 2.5 ceases to operate.
I note that this innovation is very valuable, because. the absence of such a clarification in the rules contradicted common sense. Now you will understand what is at stake. If drivers who are driving through a roundabout are forced to constantly let everyone entering the intersection, then sooner or later there will be too many cars and the intersection will overflow, a traffic jam will appear and it will become impossible to leave it. Well, the amendment under consideration allows you to avoid traffic jams at busy roundabouts.
Give way to pedestrians in a new way
14.1. The driver of the vehicle is obliged to give way to pedestrians crossing the carriageway at an unregulated (the concepts of regulated and unregulated pedestrian crossings are similar to the concepts of regulated and unregulated intersections established in clause 13.3 of the Rules) pedestrian crossing.
14.1. The driver of a vehicle approaching an unregulated pedestrian crossing (the concepts of regulated and unregulated pedestrian crossings are similar to the concepts of regulated and unregulated intersections established in paragraph 13.3. of the Rules) is obliged to slow down or stop before the crossing in order to let pass pedestrians crossing the carriageway or entering it to make the transition.
In many ways, the meaning of this paragraph has been preserved. I think that the replacement of the words “give way to pedestrians” with “must slow down or stop” is due to the illiteracy of some drivers who do not understand the meaning of the words “give way”.
The fact that the paragraph has become more detailed makes life on the road easier for the driver. Now it is clearly clear that if a pedestrian is walking along an unregulated pedestrian crossing or he just stepped onto a zebra from the sidewalk and is waiting for someone kind to let him through, then you need to slow down or stop before crossing.
Just in case, I’ll note that there is no need to let a moped or bicycle go through a pedestrian crossing, because. they are not pedestrians.
Use of lights
19.5. When driving during daylight hours, in order to indicate a moving vehicle, the dipped headlights must be switched on:
on motorcycles and mopeds;
when moving in an organized transport column;
on route vehicles moving along a specially allocated lane towards the main traffic flow;
· at organized transportation groups of children;
when transporting dangerous, oversized and heavy cargo;
when towing motor vehicles (on a towing vehicle);
when driving outside of built-up areas.
19.5. During daylight hours, all moving vehicles must turn on dipped beam headlights or daytime running lights to identify them.
This is one of the most significant and most useful amendments. It consists in the fact that all moving vehicles must have daytime running lights (if such are provided in your car) or dipped beam headlights.
The usefulness of this change is that it will now be easier to see the car approaching you in the rear-view mirrors. This will lead to a reduction in the number of road traffic accidents. So the roads will be safer.
For some reason, many paid close attention to the fact that cars will have to drive with low beam headlights, but they did not notice that bicycles will have to be equipped with low beam or daytime running lights. I think that as soon as cyclists find out about the need to buy headlights, there will be a lot of noise.
But it will become easier to see the bike on the road in the rear-view mirrors.
First, the amendments made to paragraph 19.5 were given, since changes in paragraph 19.4 are largely related to them.
· in conditions insufficient visibility both separately and with a neighbor or high beam headlights;
instead of dipped headlights under the conditions provided for in clause 19.5 of the Rules.
19.4. Fog lights can be used:
in conditions of insufficient visibility with low or high beam headlights;
· V dark time days on unlit sections of roads together with dipped or high beam headlights;
· instead of dipped headlights in accordance with clause 19.5 of the Rules.
Now, in conditions of insufficient visibility, the fog lights cannot be turned on separately from the dipped or main beam.
The second change highlights the possibility of using fog lights instead of dipped headlights when driving during the day.
Note that nothing is said about the use of both dipped beam and fog lights when driving during the day, so we do not recommend using this combination in order to avoid misunderstandings.
19.11. For overtaking warning instead of sound signal(or together with it) a light signal can be given, which is in the daytime - a periodic short-term switching on and off of the headlights, and in the dark - multiple switching of the headlights from dipped to high beam.
19.11. To warn of overtaking, instead of a sound signal or together with it, a light signal may be given, which is a short-term switching of the headlights from dipped to high beam.
The rules for signaling overtaking have also changed. Since the dipped beam must now always be on (and you cannot turn it off), you now need to use switching the dipped beam to high beam to signal an overtake.
Rules for transporting children
Transportation of children under 12 years of age in vehicles equipped with seat belts must be carried out using special child restraints appropriate for the weight and height of the child, or other means that allow the child to be fastened using the seat belts provided for by the design of the vehicle, and on the front passenger car seat - only with the use of special child restraints.
22.9. Transportation of children is allowed provided that their safety is ensured, taking into account the design features of the vehicle.
Transportation of children under 12 years of age in vehicles equipped with seat belts must be carried out using child restraints appropriate for the weight and height of the child, or other means that allow the child to be fastened using the seat belts provided for by the design of the vehicle, and in the front seat car - only with the use of child restraints.
It is forbidden to transport children under 12 years of age in the back seat of a motorcycle.
Only one word was excluded from the second paragraph - "special". This makes it possible to transport children in a car without the use of special seats, i.e. you can fasten the child and something homemade. But, I do not think that someone will want to risk the health of their child and spare money for a good chair for him.
Changes in the movement of mopeds, bicycles, horse-drawn carts, etc.
24.2. Bicycles, mopeds, horse-drawn carts (sleighs), riding and pack animals must move only in the rightmost lane in one row, as far as possible to the right. Driving on the side of the road is allowed if it does not interfere with pedestrians.
24.2. Bicycles, mopeds, horse-drawn carts (sledges), saddle and pack animals must move only in one row as far as possible to the right. Driving on the side of the road is allowed if it does not interfere with pedestrians.
Columns of cyclists, horse-drawn carts (sledges), riding and pack animals when moving along the roadway must be divided into groups of 10 cyclists, riding and pack animals and 5 carts (sledges). To facilitate overtaking, the distance between groups should be 80 - 100 m.
So, in paragraph 24.2, the words “in the far right lane” were deleted, which gives more freedom to cyclists and mopedists, and adds unnecessary problems to car drivers. If earlier the bike was driving in the middle of the road (or just beyond the extreme right lane) and got into an accident, then the driver had the opportunity to prove his case. Now, under certain circumstances, cyclists will be able to ride in any lane.
Since it is not forbidden by law to ride a bicycle without a helmet, and cyclists themselves care little about their safety, any accident involving a cyclist leads to serious consequences for the latter. Well, the chances of the driver to prove his innocence are falling with the current change in the rules. The same applies to mopeds and scooters.
New road signs
3.20 "Overtaking prohibited". It is forbidden to overtake all vehicles.
3.20 "Overtaking prohibited". It is forbidden to overtake all vehicles, except for slow-moving vehicles, horse-drawn carts, mopeds and two-wheeled motorcycles without a sidecar.
On the one hand, this change will increase the capacity of the roads, and on the other hand, it can lead to a dangerous situation. After all, the sign 3.20 is installed on the roads for a reason, but in those places where traffic accidents occur especially often.
So if after November 20, 2010 you decide to overtake, for example, a slow-moving vehicle, then first make sure that this maneuver will be safe.
And now about the pleasant. Amendments to the rules of the road introduce completely new information road signs and service signs:
6.20.1, 6.20.2 "Emergency exit". Indicates the location in the tunnel where the emergency exit is located.
6.21.1, 6.21.2 "Direction of movement to the emergency exit". Indicates the direction to the emergency exit and the distance to it.
7.19 "Emergency telephone". Indicates the location where the phone is located for calling emergency services.
7.20 "Fire extinguisher". Indicates the location of the fire extinguisher.
Unfortunately, there are no images of signs yet. As for the appointment of new road signs, it can be judged by their names.
In cases where the meanings of temporary road signs (on a portable stand) and stationary signs contradict each other, drivers should be guided by temporary signs.
In cases where the meanings of road signs, including temporary ones (placed on a portable support), and horizontal marking lines contradict each other or the markings are not sufficiently distinguishable, drivers should be guided by road signs.
Previously, only temporary road signs took precedence over markings, but now any road signs take precedence over markings. I note that the requirements of this paragraph apply only to drivers (cars, buses, scooters, bicycles), and do not apply to pedestrians. That is, what a pedestrian should do in a contradictory situation remains unclear.
One more interesting point is that now there is no paragraph in the rules that explicitly regulates the priority of temporary road signs over permanent ones. Therefore, it becomes unclear what to do in a contradictory situation.
Terms of use car tires
5.5. Tires of various sizes, designs (radial, diagonal, chamber, tubeless), models, with different tread patterns, studded and non-studded, frost-resistant and non-frost-resistant, new and restored are installed on one axle of vehicles.
5.5. Tires of various sizes, designs (radial, diagonal, chamber, tubeless), models, with different tread patterns, frost-resistant and non-frost-resistant, new and retreaded, new and with a deep tread pattern are installed on one axle of the vehicle. The vehicle is equipped with studded and non-studded tires.
Now the possibility of installing studded and non-studded tires on different axles of the car, which for some reason was used by some drivers, is now excluded. Perhaps they did this for the sake of economy, thus exposing themselves and their passengers to unnecessary danger.
Approved by the Decree of the Council of Ministers - the Government of the Russian Federation of October 23, 1993 No. 1090, as amended and supplemented by the Decrees of the Government of the Russian Federation of October 31, 1998 No. 1272, of April 21, 2000 No. 370, of January 24, 2001 No. 67, February 21, 2002 No. 127, June 28, 2002 No. 472, May 7, 2003 No. 265, September 25, 2003 No. 595, December 14, 2005 No. 767, February 16, 2008 No. 84, April 19, 2008 No. 287, December 29, 2008 No. 1041
1. General Provisions
1.1 . These Rules of the Road (hereinafter referred to as the Rules) establish a unified traffic procedure throughout the Russian Federation. Other regulations relating to traffic must be based on the requirements of the Rules and not contradict them.
1.2. The following basic concepts and terms are used in the Rules:
"Motorway"- a road marked with the sign 5.1 and having for each direction of movement carriageways separated from each other by a dividing strip (and in its absence - by a road fence), without crossings on the same level with other roads, railway or tram tracks, pedestrian or bicycle paths.
"Road train"– a power-driven vehicle coupled to a trailer(s).
"Bike"- a vehicle, other than a wheelchair, having two or more wheels and propelled by the muscular power of the people on it.
"Driver"- a person driving a vehicle, a driver leading pack, riding animals or a herd along the road. A driving instructor is equivalent to a driver.
"Forced Stop"– stopping the movement of the vehicle due to its technical failure or danger posed by the transported cargo, the condition of the driver (passenger) or the appearance of an obstacle on the road.
"The main road"- a road marked with signs 2.1, 2.3.1–2.3.7 or 5.1, in relation to a crossed (adjacent) road, or a paved road (asphalt and cement concrete, stone materials, etc.) in relation to an unpaved one, or any road in relation to exits from adjacent territories. The presence of a paved section on a secondary road immediately before the intersection does not make it equal in value to the crossed one.
"Road"- a strip of land or the surface of an artificial structure, equipped or adapted and used for the movement of vehicles. The road includes one or more carriageways, as well as tram rails, sidewalks, roadsides and dividing strips, if any.
"Road Traffic"- a set of social relations that arise in the process of moving people and goods with or without vehicles within roads.
"traffic accident"- an event that occurred during the movement of a vehicle on the road and with its participation, in which people were killed or injured, vehicles, structures, cargo were damaged, or other material damage was caused.
"Railroad crossing"- crossroads with railroad tracks on the same level.
"Route vehicle"- vehicle common use(bus, trolleybus, tram) designed to transport people on the roads and moving along an established route with designated stops.
"mechanical vehicle"- a vehicle, other than a moped, propelled by an engine. The term also applies to any tractors and self-propelled machines.
"Moped"- a two- or three-wheeled vehicle driven by an engine with a working volume of not more than 50 cubic meters. cm and having a maximum design speed of not more than 50 km / h. Bicycles are treated as mopeds. outboard engine, mokiki and other vehicles with similar characteristics.
"Motorbike"- a two-wheeled motor vehicle with or without a side trailer. Motorcycles are equivalent to three- and four-wheeled motor vehicles with a curb weight of not more than 400 kg.
"Locality"- a built-up area, the entrances to which and the exits from which are marked with signs 5.23.1–5.26.
"Insufficient Visibility"– visibility of the road is less than 300 m in conditions of fog, rain, snowfall, etc., as well as at dusk.
"Overtaking"- advance of one or more moving vehicles associated with the departure from the occupied lane.
"Roadside"- a road element adjacent directly to the carriageway at the same level with it, differing in the type of coverage or marked out using markings 1.2.1 or 1.2.2, used for driving, stopping and parking in accordance with the Rules.
"Moving Danger"- a situation that has arisen in the process of traffic, in which the continuation of movement in the same direction and at the same speed creates a risk of a traffic accident.
"Dangerous Goods"- substances, products made from them, wastes from production and other economic activities, which, due to their inherent properties, may pose a threat to human life and health during transportation, harm the environment, damage or destroy material values.
"Organized transportation of a group of children" – special transport two or more children of preschool and school age carried out in a motor vehicle that is not related to a route vehicle.
"Organized Foot Column"- a group of people designated in accordance with clause 4.2 of the Rules, moving together along the road in one direction.
"Organized transport column» - a group of three or more motor vehicles following directly one after another in the same lane with permanently on headlights, accompanied by a lead vehicle with special color schemes applied to the outer surfaces and switched on flashing beacons blue and red colors.
"Stop"– intentional stoppage of the movement of the vehicle for up to 5 minutes, and also for more, if it is necessary for boarding or disembarking passengers or loading or unloading the vehicle.
"Passenger"- a person, other than the driver, who is in the vehicle (on it), as well as a person who enters the vehicle (gets on it) or leaves the vehicle (gets off it).
"Crossroads"- a place of intersection, junction or branching of roads at the same level, limited by imaginary lines connecting, respectively, opposite, the beginnings of the curvature of the carriageways, which are the most distant from the center of the intersection. Exits from adjacent territories are not considered intersections.
"Rebuilding"- exit from the occupied lane or occupied lane while maintaining the original direction of movement.
"A pedestrian"- a person who is outside the vehicle on the road and does not work on it. Pedestrians are treated as persons moving in wheelchairs without an engine, driving a bicycle, moped, motorcycle, carrying a sled, cart, baby or wheelchair.
"Crosswalk"- a section of the carriageway marked with signs 5.19.1, 5.19.2 and (or) markings 1.14.1–1.14.2 and allocated for pedestrian traffic across the road. In the absence of markings, the width of the pedestrian crossing is determined by the distance between signs 5.19.1 and 5.19.2.
11.1. Before overtaking, the driver must ensure that:
the lane to which he intends to enter is free at a distance sufficient for overtaking and by this maneuver he will not interfere with oncoming vehicles and vehicles moving along this lane;
the vehicle following behind in the same lane did not start overtaking, and the vehicle moving in front did not give a signal to overtake, turn (rebuild) to the left;
upon completion of overtaking, he will be able, without interfering with the overtaken vehicle, to return to the previously occupied lane.
11.2. Overtaking a trackless vehicle is only allowed on the left side. However, overtaking a vehicle, the driver of which has signaled a turn to the left and proceeded to perform a maneuver, is carried out on the right side.
11.3. The driver of the vehicle being overtaken is prohibited from preventing overtaking by increasing the speed of movement or by other actions.
11.4. Upon completion of the overtaking (except for the permitted overtaking on the right side), the driver must return to the previously occupied lane. However, with two or more lanes for movement in this direction, the overtaking driver may, subject to clause 9.4 of the Rules, remain in the left lane if, upon returning to the previously occupied lane, he would have to immediately start new overtaking and if it does not interfere with vehicles following it at higher speeds.
11.5. Overtaking prohibited:
at regulated intersections with exit to the oncoming lane, as well as at unregulated intersections when driving on a road that is not the main one (with the exception of overtaking at roundabouts, overtaking two-wheeled vehicles without a side trailer and allowed overtaking on the right);
at pedestrian crossings if there are pedestrians on them;
at railway crossings and closer than 100 m in front of them;
overtaking or bypassing vehicle;
at the end of the ascent and on other sections of roads with limited visibility with an exit into the oncoming traffic lane.
11.6. The driver of a low-speed or large-sized vehicle outside built-up areas, in cases where overtaking this vehicle is difficult, must take as far to the right as possible, and if necessary, stop in order to let the vehicles that have accumulated behind him pass.
11.7. If oncoming traffic is difficult, then the driver on whose side there is an obstacle must give way. On slopes marked with signs 1.13 and 1.14, in the presence of an obstacle, the driver of a vehicle moving downhill must give way.
