Cars today at the gas plant. What novelties has been developed by GAZ Group

The Gorky Automobile Plant has an amazing fate. Once he produced the most massive trucks of the Soviet Soyuz GAZ-AA, then there was a period when he made the legend of the twentieth century Volga GAZ-21, then - when he built the prestigious Seagulls and the dream of almost any citizen, the Volga GAZ-24. There was a period when GAZ saved itself and the small business of Russia with the Gazelka... There were different times at the plant, and it would take too long to list everything that came out of its gates. But we will try to tell at least about what happened in Nizhny at the very beginning of the thirties, what is happening now, and what to expect in the near future.

That Siberia, that Alaska - two coasts

At the end of the twenties of the past, an unpleasant picture developed in the USSR: it was necessary to build socialism (in order to proceed directly to communism later), but there was nothing to carry bricks on. You can, of course, on a horse, but during the period of industrialization, this animal, with its proud appearance, discredited the power of the working people. The only possible decision was made: to build their own automobile plant.

Of course, build large plant in a short time, without having any experience - it is almost impossible. And then the Supreme Economic Council of the USSR and the American company Ford motor company signed an agreement to help launch the mass production of cars in the Soviet Union. Ford was not chosen by chance: the cost of cars from this company was then minimal, the cars were reliable and simple, and everyone in Ford knew about the mass character, probably.

But first it was necessary to build the plant itself. It was designed by the architectural bureau of Albert Kahn, and the construction was managed by the Austin company. Of course, all these firms were American.

But do not think that with shovels and wheelbarrows at the construction site, overseas assistants hunched their shoulders. No, physically our people worked here. And the work was really extremely hard, almost manual. Nevertheless, the pace of construction turned out to be simply incredible: the plant was ready in just 18 months, and already in January 1932, the first one and a half ton NAZ-AA truck rolled off the assembly line, which later became better known among the people as a lorry. Why was it called NAZ? Because the plant was then Nizhny Novgorod, and it became Gorky in 1933.

The nomenclature of the plant expanded rapidly. Even the enumeration of machines developed by the Gazites before the start of the Great Patriotic War would take up a lot of space. But I note that they were all based on the good old GAZ-A and. On the old ones - because for the Americans they were already old by that time, on the good ones - because we didn’t have anything better anyway.

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GAZ-AAA test

Shortly before the termination of cooperation with the Americans in 1935, the factory workers received documentation for Ford Model B. This car was the basis for the GAZ-M-1 (Molotovets-1, aka Emka), which began production in 1936. Outwardly, Ford V and Emka are very similar, but there are many differences in them. However, today I am in no mood to analyze what was copied there at GAZ (legally and illegally), what was done better and what was worse. This is a topic for long philosophical conversations in the garage. It is necessary to lay out a newspaper on the hood of the old Volga, cut sausage, pour one hundred grams and throw at each other a bunch of arguments of varying degrees of reliability. And then slap the opponent on the cheeks cylinder head gasket from the GAZ-11 engine, one to one similar to ... Hmm, okay, let's not. Still a holiday.

The factory workers managed to do the almost impossible: already in mid-April 1935, the hundred thousandth car was assembled. For the enterprise, as well as for the country as a whole, it was incredible success. The development of another bestseller has already begun - but the war has begun.

The plant was reoriented to military needs. They produced the first light SUVs, trucks, tanks, self-propelled artillery mounts, armored vehicles, mortars, shells for Katyushas ... Of course, the German invaders could not look at this calmly. And the plant became a target for bombers. They bombed a lot, purposefully, persistently. They suffered losses from Soviet air defense systems, but still flew to throw bombs. And in the summer of 1943 conveyor production still had to be stopped.

The plant was badly damaged. According to various estimates, about fifty buildings of the enterprise were destroyed. But in the history of the plant there was another feat: it was restored in a hundred days and production was started again. Of course, all this was not done in full: it was necessary, for example, to abandon the production of three-axle GAZ-AAA trucks and armored cars.

GAZ-51, 46 years old, State. tests. Motor rally on Baydarsky pass in Crimea

But after the war, the plant “fired” with a whole salvo of cars that later became iconic. It's simple , …

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Italian actress Sophia Loren and Soviet actor Sergo Zakariadze at the Chaika GAZ-13 car. Moscow, 1965

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Yuri Gagarin in the assembly shop for passenger cars. 1963

No less productive was the period from the early sixties to the early eighties. Here GAZ also pleased Soviet citizens in the segment trucks and in the passenger car segment. If you have never heard anything about the GAZ-53, the “shishigu” GAZ-66, ... then finish the lessons and fold the portfolio. These cars are known to every Russian person, and during this period GAZ became the main supplier of auto legends Soviet Union.

In 1981, the ten millionth GAZ was produced. But the following decades were not entirely successful for GAZ.

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Assembly shop GAZ-53A

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If GAZ was able to produce a few more epic trucks in the “pre-gas” era (for example, GAZ-3307 and then GAZ-3309), then the picture turned out to be sad with cars. You can throw rusty kingpins at me, but the endless alterations of the 24th Volga were not very successful. Something fundamentally new was needed, but during this period GAZ could not (or did not want to) deal with a new passenger car.

Articles / History

Why the Volga died: the story of an ex-employee of GAZ

This happens in life: a child, in whom all kindred souls have been doted since childhood, grows up as a person not very successful and successful, or even gives ill-wishers reasons to talk about “the family is not without its black sheep” ...

212183 64 121 04.05.2015

True, in the 90s, the production of the Volga increased significantly: for old times sake, people considered this car prestigious, and then it suddenly became very inexpensive to cost. But for a long time, on the remnants of its former glory, the Volga could not stretch, and the new GAZ-3103, 3104 and business class sedan 3105: there were no funds for this, and it was very difficult for these cars to compete with foreign cars that flooded the Russian market.

Let's omit everything that GAZ did for the military, and what it tried to do, but could not do until the mid-90s. Let's take a closer look at 1994. It was then that the plant practically revived its own by setting up the production of GAZelles. For 11 years, the first million of these cars were produced. And Gazelle became a real guardian angel of the plant, not allowing it to die in the difficult 90s. Developing entrepreneurship really needed just such a car, and the demand for it was very high. Then a minibus appeared on the basis of the Gazelle, and again it was not a blow to the eyebrow, but to the eye: a huge number of fixed-route taxis appeared.

The gazelles fully corresponded to the typical Russian principle “buy cheaper, load more, take away further” (and they still do). Yes, they rusted wildly, did not differ high quality assemblies, were not very pleasing to the eye already in the second or third year of working life, but it was on their chassis that GAZ got out of a protracted crisis. True, it completely lost its presence in the passenger segment in the 2000s. But our citizens did not cry about this for long and not very bitterly, and mostly they were fans of the brand and those who did not understand that there are a lot of cars in the world that are better than the Volga in almost everything.

In 2001, the plant became part of the RusPromAvto holding, which, in turn, was transformed into the GAZ Group holding in 2005. Since then, the GAZ plant has been the parent company of the holding. Let's see what the "GAZ Group" is and Gorky plant Today.

Statistics knows everything

This small section can be skipped by those who know what exactly is included in the GAZ Group and how it all works. That is, the management of the holding. The rest, probably, will be interesting to discover some new moments.

So, there are five divisions in the GAZ Group: “Light commercial and cars”, “Trucks”, “Buses”, “Power units” and “Autocomponents”. Each division has several enterprises. For example, buses are PAZ, LiAZ and KavZ plants, power units are Yaroslavl YaMZ, YAZDA and YAZTA (Yaroslavl diesel and fuel equipment), trucks - Ural and so on, this list is incomplete. In total - 13 enterprises in eight regions of Russia.

Today, all enterprises of the holding (including related industries) employ about 400 thousand people, and the number of countries where GAZ products are exported is constantly growing: from 23 in 2013 to 51 in 2017. I think few people are interested in understanding the reports on the holding's activities, but some more interesting numbers of statistics still need to be cited. For example, 100% of all domestic front-engine buses belong to GAZ, as does 74% of light commercial vehicles. The share of medium-sized diesel engines has grown significantly over the past year, from 22% last year to 38% this year.

A year ago, a division of GAZ International was created, which is engaged in the export of gas equipment. Therefore, recently the holding has been focusing on some things that are simply necessary for successful integration into overseas markets. For example, it is preparing to release engines that comply with Euro-6 standards, introduces standard equipment their cars ESP system, prepares its machines for work in high-altitude climates, hot countries, countries with left-hand traffic. It may not sound too difficult, but it's actually a lot of work.

One should not think that interaction with foreigners is limited only by attempts (and successful ones) to sell cars to them. No, GAZ also assembles some cars. For example, Skoda Yeti, Octavia, Volkswagen Jetta and commercial Mercedes-Benz Sprinter. And next year it will even start assembling the Skoda Kodiaq.

Of course, all these cars are much more complicated than the old Gazelle. And yet the company copes with the task successfully. Moreover, even their own NEXT Gazelles are very different from the good old cars of the previous generation Gazelle Business. Here and multimedia systems, And cable drives Gearbox with joystick on the panel, and front multi-link suspension, and much more. Yes, the Gazelles are not the same! They even forgot how to corrode to holes right at the end of the assembly cycle on the conveyor. Let's take a quick look at how they are made now.

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Entrance - through the gateway

First, let's take a look at the truck assembly shop.

Ready-made cabins and frames come here from other workshops. Here they are “married” (yes, to all assembly lines there is such a thing as a “wedding” - the connection of the chassis and cab) and a car is assembled from finished parts.

There are several subassembly areas along the main conveyor where, for example, panels or seats are assembled. They do this in order not to clutter up the workshop with warehouses of volumetric components of future cars, but to assemble everything strictly in accordance with the production plan. On average, it leaves here every 80 seconds new car. Well, or a chassis for a bus, the assembly of which will be uploaded by someone from the “Buses” division.

At each post, the conveyor operator has a button that he must press in case of an emergency. These are rare, but they do happen. For example, all pneumatic tools themselves control the tightening torque of the connections, and if for some reason the parameter is not correct, the tool will show an error. The operator presses a button, and the shift supervisor who immediately comes up has only 30 seconds to make a decision. If the problem cannot be solved within this time, the conveyor automatically stops. In 20 minutes, the foreman already knows about this, and this will already be a serious incident. Think for yourself: stopping even for two minutes is already behind the plan by one or even two cars. This should not be. However, with today's approach to production, this practically does not happen.

Several randomly selected cars from each of the conveyors (Gazelle or Lawn in any modification) are sent daily to the finished car audit room. For the first time, this appeared at GAZ during the assembly of the Volga Siber, and the Americans brought this innovation from Chrysler. Then, when the plant began producing Sprinters, Daimler also arranged this method of control. Now the product is being tested according to an algorithm that has incorporated a part of these two companies.

If Daimler was more concerned about appearance(the quality of painting, assembly, the size of the gaps, etc.), then Chrysler focused on checking equipment. As a result, GAZ began to carefully check both of them, giving the identified defects a rating on a ten-point scale (from “no one will see” to “everyone will see”).

After the audit room, the checked cars go on a test run around the city. There they have to drive 80 kilometers. However, all other cars also pass the test run, but it takes place on the track, and its distance is only two kilometers.

And some of the cars are also sent “to the shower”, where they are poured with water. All-metal vans undergo such a check especially carefully.

In general, everything looks beautiful and convincing. It remains only to find out where the finished cabs, bodies and other parts come from in the assembly shop.

Let's take a look at the workshop for welding all-metal bodies. Gone are the days when they were cooked by hand. Now the robots are on the rampage. Everything is so automated here that a little more, and these iron monsters will seize power, cook a general for themselves and go to war against humanity. And it's really scary: 98 Japanese Fanuc robots work on the van welding line alone, and the strongest of them lifts 700 kg. And another 100 German-made Kuka robots are plowed into the cabin welding line in another workshop. Okay, kidding, they're not going anywhere: they don't have legs. They will have to stand here and cook Gazelle Next. The control system of the line continuously controls all the main parameters of welding: the current strength, as well as the strength and time of clamping tongs. And if necessary, even instantly makes adjustments. By the way, now glue is also used here, which makes it possible to less disturb the structure of iron during welding, which should contribute to the longevity of the bodies. And after welding is completed, only on the body of the GAZelle NEXT van, 6,000 welding points are checked on a coordinate measuring machine, and the deviations in each cannot be more than 0.2 mm.

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Now let's see how this beauty is painted.

Before getting into working area paint shop, we'll have to... go through the airlock! And it's not just that we will fall into the zone high blood pressure. It is, of course, true: the pressure is increased there to avoid dust ingress. But the lock is needed not in order to avoid decompression sickness (this is very, very far away), but in order to vacuum well. Here the wind blows from all sides, and the remains of the dirt of the mortal world are blown off from the purest white robe, which is forced to be put on before entering.

Times are tough and almost everyone domestic producers commercial vehicles suffer losses. The auto giant KamAZ ended 2016 with an income of just over 600 million rubles, which had to be invested in development. AvtoVAZ promises to achieve positive dynamics only a year and a half later, and in 2016 the net loss amounted to 44.8 million rubles. The only company that managed to increase revenue by 24% is GAZ Group.

The formula for the company's success is simple - a constant introduction to the market of new high-quality and cheap cars and cost optimization. Against the background of a general decline in sales from competitors, GAZ Group increased sales of Gazelle-Next minibuses in Russia alone by 90%, and Gazon-Next trucks in various modifications by 37%. This is despite the fact that the overall market for commercial vehicles in the Russian Federation grew by only 4%. But this was not a breakthrough, but only preparation for rapid development, since the company presented several potential bestsellers in the commercial vehicle segment, they will appear in dealerships in the near future.

Sobol-Business, off-road course

Since the UAZ 2206 was hopelessly outdated, it seemed that there could be no alternative to it among domestic all-wheel drive commercial vehicles. It turned out that it could. Moreover, the new Sobol-Business 4WD is not inferior to the “Loaf” in terms of cross-country ability, but in terms of comfort it surpasses the Ulyanovsk “dinosaur” at times, largely due to basic equipment: ergonomic seats, modern dashboard, power windows, ABS, audio system with steering wheel control. And the diesel Sable gets a pre-heater and cruise control as a bonus. The SUV comes in several versions, to which in 2016 a “farm” modification with a two-row cab and an onboard platform was added, and the Evotech gasoline appeared in the range of engines.

For forcing off-road provided downshift, center lock rear differential, switchable front axle allows you to save fuel on asphalt. Victories in rally-raids speak eloquently about off-road abilities: the crew of the sports Sobol (pilot Tatyana Eliseeva, navigator Alexander Semenov) won silver in the R category at the Northern Forest 2017 rally, losing only to Gazelle-Next.

The natural fate is so successful model- recognition of customers. The SUV gained a lot of fans, for whom in 2016 the GAZ plant organized the Sable Trails event. Characteristically, in the competitive part of the rally of "sable breeders" the winner was a car without any modifications, in standard factory equipment, with an UMP engine.

GAZ is not going to stop there: the premiere of Sobol with even more outstanding off-road performance is scheduled for 2017, which promises to be a rather interesting novelty.

New Gazelle-Next asks for category "C"

Along with the most popular one and a half ton Gazelle, the company will soon start producing a car with increased payload. A heavy modification of a familiar car will be able to take on board almost 2.5 tons of cargo, and in the passenger version of a semi-low-floor bus, 24 passengers. If you install on the chassis all-metal van, its useful volume will be 15.5 cubic meters. This version of the Gazelle appeared for a reason.

The niche between the lorry and the five-ton Lawn-Next was still empty. There were imported trucks with similar characteristics, mainly made in China with the appropriate build quality and design. And the European Volkswagen Crafter, Ford Transit, Mercedes Sprinter are 1–1.5 million rubles more expensive already at the start, and even more so in operation. And what about the Sprinter Classic, produced in Nizhny Novgorod? Nizhny Novgorod Mercedes in the minimum configuration with a short wheelbase costs from 1.7 million rubles, does not offer on-board models and takes on board no more than one and a half tons. Therefore, our carriers manage to load almost twice as much into a one and a half ton Gazelle, which affects both the resource of equipment and safety. The future 2.5-ton truck will remove these problems, but will require a Category C license. The new Gazelle will have a reinforced rear axle, disc brakes on all wheels, a wider cargo platform.

Lawn-Next will gain strength and weight

Until recently, buyers of GAZ vehicles could only count on 5-ton Lawns with a total weight of 8.7 tons. If a more serious car was needed, the consumer looked either towards KamAZ or foreign cars. And in this segment, the choice is not too great - used MAN, Scania and Chinese Foton or FAW, which, however, is one and the same. From the fall of 2017, the situation promises to change radically.

GAZ Group introduces Gazon-Next with a carrying capacity of up to 10 tons to the market. Most likely, we are talking about a truck tractor presented in 2015 with a semi-trailer with a volume of 50 cubic meters and YaMZ engine with a capacity of 210 liters. With. and 780 Nm of torque. The car will be equipped with a pneumatic rear suspension and a reinforced transmission. The standard Lawn-Next improvements will also not be bypassed: the power of the Yaroslavl diesel engine will increase to 170 hp. with., and the minimum turning radius will decrease from 8.2 to 6.8 m.

Elektrogazel and other prospects of GAZ Group

Recently, the global trend has been the conversion of commercial vehicles to electric traction. Indeed, why not? After all, trucks and buses emit far more harmful substances than cars, and, as a rule, work on a schedule in which you can allocate time in advance to charge the batteries. The GAZ Group also understands this, and is already developing a number of commercial electric vehicles. Especially since specialized companies have already successfully implemented similar projects based on the Gazelle.

The engineering division of GAZ, together with JSC SpetsAvtoEngineering, has developed a fully electric Gazelle-Next Electro based on an all-metal van. The Siemens electric motor with a power of 99 kW and a torque of 300 Nm can accelerate the minibus to 90 km/h and has a cruising range of 120 km. Under the hood of the Gazelle-Next Electro, a power inverter-converter with liquid cooled and traction motor. At the same time, the transmission is no different from the standard one. total weight electric car is 4.2 tons, and the load capacity is 1500 kg. After a run of 120 km, the battery requires a three-hour charge. Since 2016, the car has been mass-produced, while the plant gives a guarantee of 150,000 km and 36 months for lithium ion battery. Work on the project does not stop, and soon the electric gazelle should come close to the gasoline counterpart in terms of characteristics, and most importantly, in price. So far, 6.5 million rubles excluding VAT is the most serious obstacle to a bright electric future. Despite this, several batches of Gazelle-Next Electro are already working at enterprises. They received modifications of a mobile laboratory and workshop, a passenger electric minibus is being launched into a series, as well as minibuses for collectors and for work at airports.

It is safe to say that the GAZ Group is experiencing Good times. Profits are growing, which means new developments can be expected. We are talking about the expansion of the model range, and the introduction of various modern options, such as a system exchange rate stability, airbags, automatic transmission. And, of course, engines environmental standard"EURO-6". Also, the construction of a car with an "autopilot" is not far off.

GAZ Group presented a whole range of new products at Comtrans'2015 Commercial Vehicles Exhibition.

At the auto show Russian automaker presented the GAZelle NEXT all-metal van, the Vector NEXT bus, the Ural NEXT truck with a double cab, truck tractor GAZon NEXT, a 9.5-meter low-floor bus of the middle class, a Euro-5 YaMZ-530 diesel unit and other novelties. According to the company's press service, GAZ Group presented 23 models of automotive vehicles.

The company presented three modifications of the new GAZelle NEXT all-metal van - cargo, cargo-passenger and minibus. It is noted that the volume cargo compartment new generation van is 13.5 cubic meters. m, which is 30% more than its predecessor. Thanks to special equipment, the model can transport rangefinder loads up to 5 meters long. The cargo-passenger version, the so-called combi, can accommodate 7 people and 9.5 cubic meters. m of cargo, and the second row of seats can be turned into a berth.

Of course, the exhibition also featured the popular low-tonnage model GAZ Sobol, which is popular in the Russian market. With modifications, prices and trim levels commercial model can be found at the link - http://www.gazcenter-spb.ru/gaz_sable.html.

The minibus is designed for use as fixed-route taxi, corporate or tourist transport, allowing you to comfortably accommodate 16 passengers. A high doorway, a low step, a high interior, LED lighting and panoramic windows are designed to ensure the comfort of the passenger model. For the manufacture of the body of the GAZelle NEXT van, galvanized steel is used. A joystick is located on the dashboard, which, using a remote drive, shifts gears, and an increase in the range on one gas station was made possible thanks to the installation of a new plastic fuel tank.

A lot of attention was attracted by the new bright truck tractor of the GAZon NEXT company, which is made using a new trailer design, which made it possible to double the vehicle's carrying capacity compared to a conventional truck GAZon NEXT and it is up to 10 tons. In addition to carrying capacity, the volume of the cargo compartment has also increased, the tractor can be equipped with trailers of 50-80 cubic meters. m.

The new bus Vector NEXT is made according to modular scheme, which means that on the basis of such a platform it is possible to create models of various dimensions, significantly reducing the time for the development and pre-production of the product line.
Another new bus was a low-floor middle-class car, 9.5 meters long, designed for urban passenger transportation. The capacity of the novelty of the Likinsky Bus Plant is 75 passengers.

The novelty is equipped with a 210-horsepower YaMZ-530 diesel engine that meets the Euro-5 standard and is aggregated with automatic transmission ZF. The list of machine equipment includes a video surveillance system, fire extinguishing system, digital type tachograph and navigation system GLONASS. The bus can be raised / lowered in difficult areas with the help of electronic system suspension control.

The double cabin capacity of the Ural NEXT truck is 7 people. WITH right side The cabin has an additional hinged door that provides comfortable loading / unloading of second-row passengers, while the back of the rear seat folds out, transforming the back row into a full-fledged berth. In addition, the company presented at the exhibition a truck crane with a lifting capacity of 25 tons, a shift bus and a car with a removable tank, made on the basis of Ural NEXT.

GAZ - classic domestic automotive industry. At the same time, the model range of the plant always manages to be in trend. And the implemented management technologies, at times, are breakthrough and bring the quality of production to new levels.

The current economic crisis in the country has become a good impetus for the enterprise. The philosophy of the phenomenon is not new: after all, if business entities have a reduced amount of cash, it means that potential buyers should be offered better quality products. It should satisfy a wider range of needs than past designs and those of competitors.

As a result, taking into account updates and upgrades, it was possible to launch cars that stand out from the crowd on the market. This is true even for those models that have become familiar over decades of operation!

The first Gazelle minibuses (GAZ-3321) appeared in Moscow in 1996. And cargo lorries and vans - 2 years earlier.

The market at that time was not filled with such an affordable and multifunctional offer, so the models caused a sensation and explosive demand.

The success was so long-lasting that modernization followed only at the turn of the decade, in 2010. However, for the most part, these were cosmetic transformations, although they changed the appearance of the car, but did not significantly affect its technical stuffing.

Popular technical difficulties encountered by car owners were analyzed, and modernization was carried out by improving the build quality and replacing domestic components with more reliable imported samples.

A full-fledged restyling is planned (and is already being carried out) for the current 2017, which will affect:

• body elements;
• interior trim;
• engine upgrade.

In addition, for the first time in Russian practice, the transmission of the model can be either rear or all-wheel drive, depending on the selected configuration.

1. Engine. Engines with a volume of 2.9 liters are installed on the entire line. It is possible to install two versions of four-cylinder gasoline engines volume of 100 and 107 hp (220 Nm) and one diesel option, 120 hp. (270 Nm).
2. Transmission- mechanical, five-speed.
3. Fuel consumption. Depending on which transmission option is selected (rear-wheel drive (RP) or all-wheel drive (PP)), GAZelle has the following performance indicators: dv. - RFP - 8.5 liters / 100 km .; diz. dv. - PP - 9.8 l / 100 km .; benz. dv. (100 hp) - RFP - 13.0 l / 100 km .; benz. dv. (107 hp) - RFP - 10.5 l / 100 km .; benz. dv. (107 hp) - PP - 12.0 l / 100 km.
4. Suspension. Front - torsion beam instead of a beam with springs. The back is springs.
5. Dimensions. The increase in height and the vertical arrangement of the walls of the body (and cabin) and significantly increased its volume. The sliding door of the van is not cut in height along the upper edge of the front doors, which makes the model more ergonomic.

A car in retail at the time of mid-summer 2017 can actually be found at a price starting from 800,000 rubles.

• The most expensive model - GAZ 330232 "van farmer" (cabin for 1 driver + 6 passengers) and a cargo van in the rear of the car. The cost in this case fluctuates around 1,000,000 rubles.
• The cheapest model- classic GAZ 3302 "side-tent" (cabin for 1 driver + 2 passenger seats).

New generation GAZelle Next

Improvements are mainly made in terms of payload. So, for example, the GAZelle-Business all-metal van can accommodate 9 cubic meters of payload at the most, and the van " GAZelle Next"Able to pick up as much as 13.5 cubic meters. With the weight being transported, everything is not so clear.

The lifting capacity is still 1,200 tons. (which is below the load limit of the usual lorry) At the same time, the total mass is 3.5 tons. However, until 2018, a model with an increased weight capacity and a gross weight of up to 4.6 tons will be released from the assembly line. True, to manage such a model, you will need category “C” rights.

Technical characteristics of the car

1. Power unit. It is planned to use three versions of four-cylinder engines: gasoline engine A274 EvoTech, 2.7L, 107 HP (220 Nm); Cummins ISF turbodiesel, 2.8 l., 120 hp (270 Nm); forced version of the Cummins ISF turbodiesel, 2.8 l., 150 hp.
2. Profitability. Fuel consumption is approximately the same as the engines (of the same level) of the classic GAZelle.
3. Independent front suspension.
4. Dimensions. With 6157x1750x2753 mm and a wheelbase of 3745 mm, this is the most big van V model range Next. First of all, the increased height is striking. There is no doubt that representatives of this model will be very popular among the “routers”, which additionally indicates that the designers take into account consumer requests.

Cost and main advantages of the model

The cost of models of this series is in retail at a level above 1 million rubles:

• Maximum cost from the entire range has a model - "GAZelle-Next" Citiline. This is a full-fledged small class bus. Its cost is in the range of 1.4-1.6 million rubles.
• The cheapest model- "GAZelle-NEXT" Board. This is the easiest option truck this class.

As can be seen from the above analysis, Gorky Automobile Plant continues to hold leadership positions among the manufacturers of one and a half ton trucks in the economy class. And the manufacturer obviously does not save on quality. Among the fashionable, but very useful implementations: dashboard with adjustable backlight; controlled air conditioning system (and quick heating of the cabin).

The heating function has been added to the rear-view mirrors. The front lighting system includes daytime running lights that turn on automatically when the ignition is activated.

These, of course, are not the main advantages, however, they actually improve the quality of life of the driver and passengers. And from among the truly universal advantages, it is necessary to single out a long warranty period and high reliability car as a system.

Restyled minibus Sobol

"Sable" was originally non-standard project in terms of marketing. It is not as capacious and carrying capacity, but more compact and elegant. It would seem that we are talking about wheeled vehicles exclusively for urban roads, beautiful and maneuverable. But here the manufacturer surprised. "Sobol" is now produced with a drive in two versions: rear and full.

Both in the past and now, this is a line of minibuses that is in high demand, primarily due to the favorable price / quality ratio.

Technical characteristics of the car

1. Engine. There are 2 options: gasoline, 2.9 liters, 107 hp; diesel, 2.8 l., 120 hp
2. Profitability. In models with a drive to the rear axle, fuel consumption (l. / 100 km.) Will be: for benz. engines - 10.5; for diz. dv. - 8.5. In models with all-wheel drive, consumption will be: for benz. dv. – 12.0; for diz. dv. - the same 8.5.
3. Suspension. Front - independent; rear - double-lever on ball bearings. Clearance - not less than 150 mm.
4. load capacity all models of the range up to 900 kg.

GAZ A-Aero Experimental ‘1934 Produced in a single copy

GAZ A-Aero was based on the chassis of the serial GAZ A 1932. The body was made anew and was a wooden frame sheathed with steel sheets. In 1934, it was different from everything that the domestic industry produced: streamlined fenders with half-recessed headlights, a V-shaped Windshield, inclined at 45 degrees, fully enclosed by fairings rear wheels and a large rear overhang.
Engine - standard motor GAS A with a volume of 3285 cm3 equipped with an aluminum cylinder head, and increased the compression ratio to 5.45, increasing its power to 48 hp. The results of sea trials were revolutionary - fuel consumption was reduced by more than 25%, and the maximum speed increased from 80 km / h to 106 km / h compared to the GAZ A.
GAZ A-Aero itself was handed over to the Automobile Council of the Central Council for study. Here are the traces unique car are lost.

GAZ M1 Taxi Experienced ‘1936

Taxi version based on GAZ M1, produced at the plant in 1936. Outwardly, it was distinguished by the Taxi identification lamp, a folding luggage rack was installed at the back, which is why spare wheel was moved to the left front fender. The car was not mass-produced, and the role of a taxi in major cities performed the usual "Emki" equipped with a taximeter.

GAZ 31 Experienced ‘1938

An experimental version of the three-axle chassis GAZ 30, designed for installation on wheeled armored vehicles PB 7, BA 3 and BA 6. The frame of the car was reinforced with steel beams welded to it cargo platform. The cross-country geometry is improved by freely rotating spare wheels, installed in the same way as on armored vehicles so that they serve as road wheels. An additional 50-liter gas tank was installed. Unlike serial trucks, the GAZ M1 engine with a gasoline pump was installed on the GAZ 31.

GAZ VM Experimental ‘1938 2 units produced

An experimental half-track vehicle was created at NATI based on the GAZ M1. The design of the rear caterpillar bogie repeated that tested on the cargo NATI VZ. The car could move not only on rubber tracks, but also on wheels.

GAZ GL-1 ‘1938 Produced in a single copy

In 1938, the GAZ GL-1 was modernized: the car received a 6-cylinder GAZ 11 engine with an aluminum head, a new radiator lining, a closed body with an asymmetric fairing cap, and aerodynamic wheel covers. Weight increased to 1100 kg, despite the fact that the GL-1 became a single. The engine power was increased to 100 hp. through the use of two carburetors. In 1940, Arkady Fedorovich Nikolaev, head of the GAZ road test department, reached a speed of 161.87 km / h in a car and set a USSR record. GAZ GL-1 was dismantled in 1938. Its chassis and engine were partly used to build a new racing car- GL-3.

GAZ 67-420 Experienced ‘1943 Produced in a single copy e

On October 18, 1943, the GAZ bus shop showed an experimental version of the GAZ 67-420 with a fully enclosed body (wooden top, sides, doors), more practical and convenient in our weather conditions. The mass of the car increased by 25 kg, the rest of the indicators did not change.
This car was not mass-produced, but it became the reason for the creation of many options. closed body at the repair base

BA 64Z Experienced ‘1943 Produced in a single copy

Experimental ski-caterpillar armored car powered by Nezhdanovsky. The letter "Z" means "Winter".

VICTORY - Nami 1948 Produced in a single copy

An experimental sample carrier of the units of the future model ZIM GAZ 12.

GAZ 12A ZiM Phaeton Experienced ‘1949 2 units produced

Two experimental ZiM models with a phaeton body were built in early 1949, tested in the summer of the same year and presented in Moscow to the country's top leadership. The fabric roof stretched over a tubular frame, the celluloid windows were removable. The necessary strengthening of the open monocoque body led to an increase in its mass and, accordingly, to a deterioration in dynamics. The car did not go into the series.

GAZ "Torpedo" '1951

Racing car SG-2 better known to the public as "Torpedo-GAZ" (1951). was created after "Victory-sport" by designer A. A. Smolin. He abandoned the body of the Pobeda, even if it was redesigned, creating a teardrop-shaped load-bearing aluminum body of a completely new design using aviation technology. The car turned out to be lighter than Pobeda-Sport, while having better streamlining. Its frame is a set of duralumin profiles, the casing is made of aluminum sheet. Two All-Union speed records were set on the SG-2 GAZ-Torpedo.

GAZ 48 (MAV 3) ‘1952

An experimental model of an all-wheel drive amphibian with a larger displacement and characteristics that differed from the GAZ 011. In 1952, two cars were built: one with a GAZ 12 engine with a serial GAZ 011 body - for testing on land and off-road, the second copy - with a catamaran-type load-bearing body - for hydrodynamic tests. None of the prototypes justified any installation more powerful engine, nor the construction of a more complex body. Instead of the declared 16 km / h, the amphibian on the water developed 10.5 km / h - half a kilometer per hour more than the GAZ 011.

An experimental version of a half-track truck on the GAZ 51 chassis with a replaceable propulsion unit. Several samples were built after the test cycles of the experimental GAZ 41, which showed a low resource and inappropriateness in normal, off-road conditions. Several options for tracked trucks were proposed, which, if necessary, could be installed on standard GAZ 51 and GAZ 63 instead of wheels rear axle. They differed in the configuration and size of the tracks - metal and rubber-metal.

GAZ 51 Snow and swamp vehicle Experienced ‘1953–54

GAZ TR was founded in 1954. The car had a drop-shaped aerodynamic body, or rather a frameless single fuselage, sheathed with heat-treated aluminum sheets. It had a small vertical keel of directional stability, as well as lateral aerodynamic planes - “fins”, as A.A. called them. Smolin, the lead designer of this apparatus. These "fins" served to fasten the aerodynamic planes-ailerons, which, while moving on high speeds it was possible to change the aerodynamic characteristics of the apparatus. On the sides of the GAZ TR hull there were air intakes of the RD-500 turbojet engine, which had a thrust of 1590 kg. In the early 1950s, the engine was used to power the nascent jet aircraft. Chassis GAZ TR had a 4-wheel chassis with independent suspension of all wheels from GAZ 12 ZiM with front steered wheels. At the same time, the car did not have driving wheels due to the lack of a direct mechanical connection between the engine and the car's transmission. As a test pilot of GAZ TR, the well-known race car driver M.A. Metelev, by that time a two-time champion of the USSR in motorsport. The estimated speed of the vehicle was supposed to be about 500 km / h, but due to the lack of a specially prepared track and high-speed tires, the maximum speed under the test run program should not exceed 300 km / h. Tests of the apparatus were discontinued for various reasons. Later, attempts were made to resume them, but the topic was finally closed.

GAZ M-73 Experienced ‘1955 2 units produced

A compact four-wheel drive vehicle, conceptually similar to the GAZ M-72, was designed by the G.M. Wasserman. The machines were tested in 1955. The car was intended for rural leaders, for example, chairmen of collective farms. The capacities of GAZ did not allow to expand production, so one of the samples was transferred to MZMA, where it was used to create the Moskvich 410.

GAZ 62B Experienced ‘1956

In the spring of 1956, an experimental model GAZ-62B (8x8) was built in the experimental workshop of GAZ in order to search for transmission schemes, independent suspension, non-central wheel reducers and sealed brakes for the future 8x8 all-terrain vehicle. Lead designer - V.N. Kuzovkin, designers-aggregators R.G. Zavorotny, I.V. Irkhin, E.V. Olkhov, B.N. Pankratov and others.
GAZ-62B had a carrying capacity of 1200 kg, its gross weight with a load was 4167 kg. Wheelbase- 3450 mm, track of all wheels - 1668 mm, ground clearance - 425 mm. The turning of the car was carried out due to four wheels front bogie with a base of 1200 mm. With the GAZ-12 engine (94.5 hp), the car developed top speed 80.2 km/h. From the car GAZ-62 model 1952 were used transfer case, tires 10.00-16″, windshield, front fender, hood and grille elements, as well as innovative limited-slip cam differentials in final drives and sealed brakes. The tires had adjustable pressure.

GAZ 16A Experienced ‘1962

The GAZ 16A car with aerodynamic unloading was created at GAZ in 1962 under the leadership of the lead designer A.A. Smolina. The essence of the idea was to teach an ordinary car to overcome small impassable abysses with the help of an air cushion. To this end, the body of the car was given a shape capable of holding the pressure zone from below without the use of a fence. This was done in order to combine the advantages of ordinary car(economy and resource when driving on normal roads) and cars on air cushion in part high cross(with her huge expense fuel, noise and visibility). A car rushing along the road at a speed of up to 170 km / h (the engine developed a power of 190 hp), when it met an obstacle that was insurmountable for the wheels, spun the pumping propellers, rose 150 mm above the supporting surface and crawled over the obstacle at a snail's speed of 40 km / h. TsAGI specialists (V.I. Khanzhonkov) also took part in the development of the car, who helped give the car an almost perfectly streamlined shape. The result turned out, as expected, intermediate in the opposite direction. A completely oversized car that can hardly fit on a normal road - and a hovercraft that completely wastes the power of the lifting propellers.

GAZ 2304 "Burlak" Experienced '1993–94

Cargo-passenger car developed on the basis of GAZ 31029. On the basis of this model, a GAZ 2304 pickup and cargo-passenger van, as well as an isothermal van, were planned. All machines had a load capacity of 700 kg. The cabin "Burlak" could accommodate up to 8 passengers. GAZ planned to produce "Burlak" in three modifications: cargo, utility van, and special vehicles for police and ambulance. In the future, "Burlak" could be equipped with a dump platform. Both gasoline and diesel engines were assumed as the power plant of these cars. Trailers were also developed for the new Volga family - cargo gas 8156 and GAZ 8160 transformable into a dacha. Tests of the GAZ 2304 Burlak were completed in 1994, in the same year it was presented to the public at the Nizhny Novgorod autumn fair. The model was planned to be launched in mass production in 1995, but at that time there was no free capacity for production.

"Motohata-96" on the chassis GAZ 33021 ‘1996

The Motohata project owed its birth to the Moscow company of the same name. As a base for the camper, the developers decided to use the GAZ 33021 GAZelle chassis, as a result of which the car was supposed to be cheaper than its foreign counterparts and, importantly, cheaper to maintain and repair. Kurgan was chosen for the serial production of the camper bus factory represented by its subsidiary Vika LLP. The residential module is made using the technologies used in Kurgan - the frame is welded from rectangular steel profiles and sheathed with aluminum external panels.

GAZ 3103 "Volga" Prototype '1997 Produced in a single copy

GAZ 3106 "Ataman II" 2000 Produced in a single copy

GAZ 2705 "Gazelle Convertible" '2005

At the Motor Show automobile exhibition in 2005, a 9-seater excursion and ceremonial minibus was presented, which was intended to serve delegations, both in large rooms and on outdoors. The GAZ 2705 Gazelle Cabriolet car was awarded the diploma of the Grand Prix competition of the Commercial Transport magazine in the nomination Special Prize of the Motor Show exhibition in 2005 for the originality of the design.