Work performed at work stations in the zone of tr. Analysis of literary sources on maintenance and repair Maintenance and repair of trucks

08.03.2020

Fuel system

Under the technological process of production is understood the sequence of technical influences on the car in the AP. The scheme of the technological process at the designed ATP is shown in Figure (3.1)

Checkpoint - checkpoint; EO - daily maintenance; TO - maintenance; TR - current repair; D-1,2- general and advanced

diagnostics.

Figure 3.1 - Scheme of the technological process of technical

maintenance and repair in ATP

At the checkpoint, inventory and technical acceptance of cars from the line is carried out and the documentation accepted at the AP is drawn up. Then the cars in the EO zone are cleaned and washed. Further, all serviceable cars are sent to the storage area, and those in need of maintenance and repair are sent to the corresponding production areas.

After the maintenance and repair, the vehicles are also sent to the storage area. If the number of cars returning from the line per unit of time is greater than the capacity of the EO zone, then some of the cars after the checkpoint do not go to the EO zone, but to the storage or waiting area for maintenance and repair. These vehicles pass the EO later when the EO area is not loaded.

For cars waiting for MOT and TR, there are waiting posts in the corresponding zones.

Some buses after the EO are subjected to diagnostics before maintenance and repair, and then they arrive at the service and repair posts (Figure 3.1). Release of cars on the line is carried out from the storage area through the checkpoint.

During the TR of a car, dismantling and assembly, metalwork, welding, adjustment, fastening and other works are carried out, as well as the replacement of individual parts, assemblies, mechanisms, devices and assemblies. During the TR of the unit, the same work is carried out, but with the replacement of individual parts that have reached the maximum permissible state, except for the basic ones, in order to reduce vehicle downtime, the current repair of vehicles at the ATP is carried out mainly by the aggregate method from the revolving fund.

Works on repair of units are carried out in the aggregate department.

Electrical work is carried out both at the posts of maintenance and repair, and in the electrical department.

Battery work consists in recharging, charging and repairing batteries and they are performed in the battery compartment.

Fuel equipment repair work is carried out both at the maintenance and repair posts, and in the department for the repair of power system devices.

Tire fitting and tire repair works include dismantling and mounting of tires, repair of wheel rims and tubes, wheel balancing.

Works on the manufacture of fasteners, machining of parts after surfacing, boring of brake drums, milling of damaged surfaces, etc. are carried out in the fitter-mechanical department.

Reinforcing, wallpaper, tin works are technologically related and are carried out in the respective departments.

Maintenance and repair of technological equipment, buildings and structures at the ATP is carried out by the department of the chief mechanic (CMO).

For storage of spare parts, parts, operating materials, units, etc. appropriate storage facilities exist. For storage of spare parts and units from the working capital there is an intermediate warehouse.

Justification, calculation and description of planning decisions

General plan of the automobile enterprise

Previously, to build a master plan, the required area of the site is determined as

where - building area of industrial and warehouse buildings, m 2;

Building area with auxiliary buildings, m 2;

The area of open areas for storage of PS, m 2;

The area of the gas station, m 2;

Kz - building density of the territory,%.

Kz is adopted in accordance with SNiP II-89-80, indicated in table 3.1.

We accept for building a plot for ATP - a blocked type of building.

All main production facilities will be located in one building. Since there are more than 10 service posts at the planned ATP, in accordance with SNiP-II-93-74, a separate building can be designed for car washing. This means that a separate building is needed for the SW.

For industrial buildings, we accept a one-story building scheme.

All production and auxiliary zones and buildings on the master plan are located in accordance with the functional diagram and the scheme of the TO and TR technological process.

On the territory of the ATP, the movement of vehicles is carried out on the principle of one-way ring traffic. This excludes the possibility of meeting flows and their intersection.

Since the ATP provides for the storage of vehicles in open areas, the territory of the enterprise must have fences 1.6 m high.

We accept one checkpoint for entry and exit of cars. In addition, it is necessary to provide one spare gate.

Since one-way traffic will be carried out on the territory of the ATP, we accept the width of the passages at least 3 meters.

The minimum distance from the edge of the driveways to the outer wall of the building is taken to be 3 m in the absence of cars entering the building and 8 m in those areas where it is necessary to enter the building for trucks and cars. Since the width of the buildings on the territory of the ATP is less than 100 m, it is necessary to ensure the access of fire trucks to them from at least two sides.

The distance between sites for open storage of vehicles and buildings and structures are accepted in accordance with SNiP-II-60-75

(Table 3.3).

We design the administrative building as a separate building. Connected to the production building by a heated corridor. The entrance to it is carried out from the territory of the ATP. Next to the administrative building outside the territory of the enterprise, we are designing an open area for parking vehicles belonging to the employees of the enterprise. The area of one place is 25m 2, the parking lot consists of 35 car places, the parking area will be 875 m 2

To treat wastewater before entering the external sewer network or for reuse, a Kristall treatment plant is provided. There are also tanks for collecting rainwater.

We have a gravity pipeline for sewage disposal from car wash stations with a slope of at least 0.03.

The arrangement of cars in the storage area will be carried out according to scheme 4, figure 3.3.

The width of driveways in open areas for storing cars is determined using templates, taking into account the following conditions: cars are installed in storage places in forward gear; the distance between moving cars and standing ones, as well as the car and buildings and structures must be at least the outer protective zone. The width of the protective zones during the storage of vehicles in open areas is stipulated by SNiP-01-80 (Table 3.5).

On the territory of the ATP, landscaped areas for recreation are provided. The dimensions of the sites are determined on the basis of at least 1 m2 per worker in the most numerous shift, i.e. not less than 80 m2. However, due to the uselessness, we accept a platform with gazebos in the green zone of the ATP as a recreation area.

On the territory of the enterprise, landscaping with a total area of approximately 15% of the area of the enterprise is envisaged, i.e. approximately 12600 m2.

The built-up area is defined as the total area of buildings and structures in the plan, sheds, open areas for car storage, warehouses, reserve sites. The built-up area does not include the area of roads, sidewalks, blind areas, green spaces, recreation areas, open parking lots for individual use.

The building density of the territory of the enterprise is defined as the ratio of the built-up area to the area of the site (in %).

The coefficient of use of the territory is defined as the ratio of the area occupied by buildings, structures, roads, sidewalks, blind areas, recreation areas, open areas, landscaping to the area of the enterprise site.

Space-planning solution for ATP buildings

The designed schemes and dimensions of buildings with a rectangular system of modular coordinates are established by GOST 23837-79 “Buildings of industrial enterprises. Dimensional schemes” and GOST 23838-79 “Buildings of industrial enterprises. Options".

The total area of the premises that will be located in the main production building is determined. The approximate total area of the main production building is determined by the formula:

where , , are, respectively, the total areas of production zones, departments and storage facilities that will be located in the building, m 2;

Coefficient taking into account the area of the building for passages and driveways,

This takes into account the following: the EO zone, the diagnostic department, the painting department will be located in separate buildings; administrative and amenity premises will be located in a separate administrative and amenity building, connected to the production building by a closed passage. Then:

Now let's select a grid of columns. The pitch of the columns for the entire building must be constant. We accept the step as 12 m. The length of the building is L=84 m. The span is assumed to be variable: 36-36-36-24-24-36-36-36 m.

Columns take the following dimensions: 600x400 mm. Intermediate (technological) columns must be installed at the outer walls every 6m.

Wall thickness: external -380mm, internal 120mm; window width - 2000.

The layout of the premises in the building is carried out in accordance with the technological process, production links between zones, departments and warehouses, construction, sanitary and fire safety requirements.

Maintenance zone posts have natural lighting. There are 9 workers and 3 waiting posts in the maintenance area. All of them are universal, ditch, equipped with ditch lifts. There are 5 ditch posts and three specialized posts in the TR zone. In addition to the existing equipment, there are two overhead cranes.

In order to make better use of daylight, we place all production areas along the perimeter of the building, i.e. along the outer walls.

The sites serving the TO zone: electrical, fuel equipment, battery, tire changers are located near this zone.

The sites serving the TR zone: metalwork-mechanical, aggregate, etc. are located near this zone.

We design welding, tire sections with the introduction of a car outside the building

Warehouses for spare parts and assemblies are located near the TR zone.

Warehouse of paints and varnishes is located next to the paint-preparation room in the painting department.

We design the battery compartment from 2 rooms - a room for an electrolyte preparation room and a charging room.

The storage of oils is located in the basement under the pumping station and switchgear near the maintenance area.

The tire warehouse is located next to the tire fitting department, which is located in the same room as the vulcanization.

Warehouses for spare parts, parts, assemblies and assemblies, as well as the aggregate department are equipped with crane beams. In the middle part is the MCC and a rest room. There is a bathroom at the main entrance.

Ditch posts in the TO and TR zones are interconnected by an underground trench of 1 m. The entrance to the ditches is carried out by stairs. Crossing bridges with a width of at least 0.8 m are laid across the ditches.

The layout drawing of the main production building of the ATP, made on a scale of 1:400, is shown on sheet No. 2.

The breakdown of any car is a very unpleasant event, in most cases entailing considerable costs. What can we say about the breakdown of trucks, vehicles that are designed to transport goods daily around the city, country and beyond, and problems with which can significantly slow down or even completely stop production and trade processes, because trucks transport equipment, machinery, furniture , building materials, food products, industrial goods. Of course, in order to prevent unexpected breakdown and failure of equipment, it is necessary to monitor it and periodically send it for qualified diagnostics using specialized equipment. Depending on the type and manufacturer, regular inspection and repair of trucks must be carried out every 20-120 thousand kilometers.

And diagnostics prolong the service life of not only the machine as a whole, but also each individual part or assembly. Checks carried out on time can prevent the inevitable replacement of components, parts or mechanisms of a truck in other cases.

Usually, the reasons for which it is necessary to carry out repair work are various damage to the machine due to an accident, malfunction of the gearbox, wear of parts, unstable operation of the chassis, and so on.

Due to the nature of trucks, repairing such vehicles is not an easy task. Dimensions require enough space and powerful equipment, and features and specific technical requirements for models from various manufacturers require a certain amount of knowledge and qualifications. After all, the cost of special equipment and trucks usually significantly exceeds the cost of passenger cars, and their design and construction are much more complicated. In addition, all kinds of modular designs and often rare truck parts lead to a long search for spare parts, because if the service you decide to contact does not specialize in repairing trucks, it is unlikely that it will be able to quickly find original spare parts at an adequate price. Also, taking into account the peculiarities of assembling "workhorses" from different manufacturers, very often for the repair of an engine, chassis, gearbox and other mechanisms, it is necessary to have special modern technological equipment.

Depending on the volume of work, truck repairs can be of three types: scheduled inspection, minor repairs and overhauls. In this case, the inspection includes the diagnosis and verification of the operation of the mechanisms. Minor repairs include such work as body repair (painting and removal of body deformations), the change of some parts or assemblies. But during the overhaul, the truck is completely disassembled, the electrical wiring is changed, the gearbox, engine, chassis and other vital parts of the machine are overhauled.

Due to the fact that trucks regularly overcome hundreds of kilometers of not the smoothest roads, while working in rather harsh climatic conditions, truck repair services in our country are quite in demand. And demand creates supply - and now, dozens of companies offer to repair your car. But remember, when choosing a service, it is very important not to miscalculate and get to specialists who guarantee well-tightened nuts, correctly installed mechanisms, well-coordinated and accurate operation of components and mechanisms, and, of course, the overall quality result.

Technology and organization of work of maintenance and repair of trucks

The basis for the organization of work at the ATP is the Regulation on the maintenance and repair of cars. This provision is mandatory for all ATPs that perform maintenance and repair of these vehicles.

Vehicle maintenance is a complex of works aimed at preventing failures and malfunctions, maintaining vehicles in good condition and ensuring their reliable, safe and environmentally friendly operation. Maintenance includes the following types of work: control and diagnostic, fixing, adjustment, electrical, work on the power system, refueling, lubrication and others.

According to the frequency, list and labor intensity of the work on maintenance of trucks, they are divided into the following types: daily maintenance (EO); periodic maintenance (TO), seasonal maintenance (SO).

SW includes MMR, refueling and controls aimed at ensuring the daily safety and maintenance of the proper appearance of the car.

Maintenance involves the performance of a certain amount of work through the established operational mileage of the car. In accordance with the standards for maintenance of trucks according to the frequency of SW once a day, TO-1 after 4000 km, TO-2 after 16000 km of run.

SO provides for the performance of maintenance and additional operations to prepare the car for winter or summer operation in accordance with the recommendations of manufacturers.

Repair is a set of works to eliminate the malfunctions that have arisen and restore the working capacity of the car as a whole or the unit. Car repair is carried out as needed and includes control and diagnostic, disassembly and assembly, locksmith, mechanical, fuel and economic, electrical work. For high-quality performance of MOT and TR, the STO is equipped with the necessary posts, devices, devices, fixtures, tools and equipment, technical documentation.

The main part of the work on maintenance and repair is carried out at the posts and auxiliary posts of the production building in the area of maintenance and repair of vehicles. In addition, work on the maintenance and repair of power supply system devices and electrical equipment is carried out at specialized sites. Battery work is carried out at the electrical site and partly for the repair of equipment.

Analysis of literary sources on maintenance and repair

When servicing vehicles at the ATP, special attention is paid to malfunctions that may affect traffic safety. At the same time, the identified malfunctions and loosening of the fastening of the following parts, assemblies, assemblies and systems must be eliminated:

when adjusting linings of shoes and brake drums, brake pedal, parking brake system, steering, wheel bearings;

during control, diagnostic and fixing work of the bipod and pendulum steering arm, steering gear, steering rods on ball pins and ball pins in sockets, ball bearings, pivots, steering knuckle, wheel disks, driveline or drives, springs and springs, shock absorbers, suspension arms, pipelines, hydraulic brake hoses, main brake actuator, brake actuator pressure regulator, engine, separator, windows, windshield washer, wiper, rear-view mirrors, windshield blower and heater, ventilation and heating systems;

when servicing power systems and electrical equipment of the power supply and exhaust system, headlights, front and rear lamps, light switches, retroreflectors, sound signal, electrical wiring, alarm, brake signal.

TO-1 is carried out at the intervals indicated above, but at least 2 times a year to perform the following work:

control and diagnostic - checking the operation of the service brake system for simultaneous operation and braking efficiency, the operation of the parking brake system, the brake actuator, checking the connections in the steering gear, the condition of the tires, lighting and signaling devices;

inspection - inspection and check of the body, glass, license plates, operation of door mechanisms, wipers, check of rear-view mirrors, tightness of connections of lubrication, cooling and hydraulic clutch systems, rubber protective covers on drives and steering rod joints, clutch pedal free play and brakes, fan belt tension, brake fluid levels in the reservoirs of the main brake cylinder and clutch release actuator, springs and lever in the front suspension, anti-roll bars and struts;

fasteners - fastening the engine to the body, gearbox and extension, steering gear housing and steering arm, steering wheel and steering rods, swing arms, cardan shaft connecting flanges, wheel disks, instruments, pipelines and hoses of the lubrication system and cooling system, brake mechanisms and hydraulic clutch release, muffler exhaust pipe;

adjusting - adjustment of the free play of the clutch and brake pedals, the action of the working and parking brake systems, the free play of the steering wheel and the gap in the steering gear connections, the tension of the fan and generator belts; bringing to the norm the air pressure in the tires and the brake fluid levels in the nutrient tanks of the main brake cylinder and the clutch release drive.

At TO-1, they also clean it of dirt and check the devices of the power system and the tightness of their connections; check the action of the drive, the completeness of closing and opening the throttle and air dampers, regulate the operation of the carburetor at low engine speeds. In the electrical system, the battery and its ventilation holes are cleaned of dirt; check the fastening, the reliability of the contact of the wire tips with the terminals and the electrolyte level in each of the battery cans; clean electrical equipment from dust and dirt; check the insulation of electrical equipment, the fastening of the generator, starter and relay-regulator, check the fastening of the starter, ignition coils.

TO-2 is recommended to be carried out at the intervals indicated above, but at least once a year. Before performing TO-2 or in the course of it, it is advisable to carry out in-depth diagnostics of all the main units, components and systems of the vehicle to establish their technical condition, determine the nature of faults, their causes, as well as the possibility of further operation of this unit, unit and system.

This establishes the following:

engine - the presence of knocks in the connecting rod bearings and the gas distribution mechanism, valves, gears, developed power, malfunction of the ignition system as a whole and its individual elements;

engine power system

fuel leakage in pipeline connections, in separation planes, increased fuel consumption and CO content in exhaust gases for technical inspection at the State Traffic Inspectorate, condition of parts of the cylinder-piston group, gas distribution system, cylinder head gaskets;

engine lubrication system - oil leakage at the joints and connectors (crankshaft oil seals, engine crankcase, timing cover, and others), pressure in the lubrication system and correct readings of instruments installed on the vehicle;

engine cooling system - leakage of coolant in the joints and connectors, system nodes (radiator, water pump, etc.), overheating of the coolant when the engine is running under load;

clutch - slipping under load, jerking during gear shifting, the presence of knocks and noises during operation and gear shifting, malfunction of the clutch drive;

gearbox - the presence of knocks and noises in working condition, spontaneous shutdown under load, the presence of oil leaks at the points of separation of gearbox parts, the size of the gap when shifting gears;

rear axle - the presence of knocks and noises in working condition, the presence of oil leaks at the points of separation of the rear axle parts, the value of the total clearance in the main gear and differential;

cardan shaft and intermediate support - gaps in cardan joints, splined joints and in the intermediate support of the cardan shaft;

steering - the force required to rotate the steering wheel, the clearance of the steering arm shaft in the bushings, the reliability of fastening of the springs and front suspension arms, as well as the bars and struts of the anti-roll bar;

springs and suspension elements - the presence of breakages of sheets or springs, gaps in the joints of the spring pin with the spring bushing and with the eye of the suspension brackets, the parallelism of the front and rear axles and their location relative to the car body;

body elements - the presence of dents, cracks, breakdowns, a violation of the car's color, the correct operation of the windshield washer, the body heating system and the windshield blower, the condition of the locks and hinges of the hood, trunk lid and doors.

fixing the radiator, cylinder head and rocker arms, covers of the casing of the cylinder head, intake and exhaust pipelines, cover of the timing gear block, oil filter housings, engine oil pan, clutch housing, shock absorbers, fuel tank, muffler, rear gear cover bridge, ladder, spring fingers, locks and door handles;

In the power system, the tightness of the fuel tank and pipeline connections, the fastening of the carburetor are checked and the identified malfunctions are eliminated. They remove the carburetor and the fuel pump, disassemble them, clean them and check the condition of the parts on special devices. After assembly, the fuel pump is checked on a special device.

They check the correct operation of the windshield washer, the body heating system and the windshield blower, the condition of the locks and hinges of the hood, trunk lid and doors.

In addition, it is necessary to check and adjust the installation angles of the steered wheels, the effectiveness of the operation and simultaneous operation of the brake mechanisms, wheel balancing, the operation of the car’s ignition system, the gap between the breaker contacts, the installation and operation of the headlights, the direction of the light flux, the condition of the entire brake drive, the condition of the radiator, rubber pads, engine mounts.

With TO-2, in addition to the scope of work for TO-1, a number of additional operations are performed:

tightening the nuts for fastening the flange to the drive gear of the final drive of the rear axle and the hinge pins for fastening the shock absorber lugs;

adjustment of the effort of turning the steering wheel, thermal clearances of valves, tension of the drive chain of the engine gas distribution mechanism, the gap between the brake pads and wheel disks, the gap in the bearings of the front wheel hubs.

In the power system, the tightness of the fuel tank and pipeline connections, the fastening of the carburetor are checked and the identified malfunctions are eliminated. Remove the carburetor and fuel pump, disassemble them,

clean and check the condition of parts on special devices. After assembly, the fuel pump is checked on a special device. The ease of starting and operation of the engine are also checked.

When servicing the electrical system, the following is done: remove the battery from the car and check the degree of charge, check the condition of the brushes and collectors of the generator and starter, the operation of the relay-regulator; adjust the tension of the anchor springs; remove the spark plugs and check their condition, clean them from soot and adjust the gaps between the electrodes; remove the ignition breaker-distributor and clean its outer surface of dirt and oil, check the condition of the contacts and adjust the gaps between them, lubricate the breaker-distributor shaft; check the condition of low and high voltage wires and regulate the operation of lighting and signaling devices.

TO-1, TO-2 and CO are carried out in the TO and TR area at dead-end posts equipped with lifts.

During TR, disassembly and assembly operations, electrical, metalwork and mechanical are performed.

Dismantling and assembly work includes the removal of individual panels or parts of the body, mechanisms, glass and other removable parts. Partial disassembly of the body for the repair of its parts is carried out to the extent necessary to ensure the quality of all repair operations. For the assembly of bodies after repair, including the installation of components and parts on the body, various devices and tool kits are used.

The electrical workshop is designed to service electrical equipment of the car, the malfunction of which cannot be eliminated during maintenance directly on the car, as well as to service carburetors, fuel pumps, sedimentation tanks, fuel and air filters, fuel lines and other devices of the car power system removed from them at the posts TO and TR.

Fuel equipment that requires an in-depth check, adjustment or repair comes to the workshop and from the diagnostic post. Devices, parts and components of the power system that arrived at the site are cleaned of contamination, checked and repaired using specialized equipment. After that, the repaired carburetor, fuel pump and other parts are tested on specialized stands. After testing, all devices and parts of the power system are installed on the car.

Then, a final check of the quality of the repair and adjustment of the carburetor on a dynamometer stand are carried out to achieve minimal exhaust toxicity and maximum efficiency.

In the case of electrical equipment TS, devices and assemblies are disassembled into separate components and parts, control and detection of defects in assemblies and parts, replacement of small unusable parts, stripping and turning of the collector, restoration of damage to the insulation of the connecting wires and coil leads, soldering of wire lugs, assembly of the device and the unit, test on a specialized stand.

Justification of the graduation project

Based on the analysis of production activities and literary sources, the enterprise has reserves for improving the technology of maintenance and repair.

Based on the regulatory requirements for maintenance and repair, as well as the state of the organization of work for their implementation, it is necessary to solve the following tasks:

Calculate the production program;

Calculate the annual volume of work;

Determine the number of posts (working and auxiliary, car waiting and storage places);

Determine the number of workers at the station;

Choose methods for organizing maintenance and repair;

Select a list of necessary technological equipment;

Determine the area of industrial warehouse, auxiliary premises;

Consider issues, the state of labor protection at work; propose organizational and technological measures aimed at reducing and preventing accidents. Calculate lighting and ventilation. Consider the environmental safety of the project;

Assess the technical and economic efficiency of the ATP project.

The purpose of this graduation project is the reconstruction of the service station of the enterprise Praktik A LLC, by organizing the TO and TR zone for Hyundai HD 65, 72, 78 trucks and Hyundai County buses in such a way that the service station areas are used rationally, so that all technological processes in maintenance and repair cars were carried out in accordance with the new conditions for the functioning of the enterprise. As a result of the technological calculation, the areas that are necessary for the full functioning of the repair zone of Praktik A LLC should be identified due to an increase in the number of rolling stock maintenance posts. Therefore, it is necessary to rationally manage these areas and get the maximum effect from their use.

The company became an official dealer of Hyundai in January 2006. At that time it was called Hyundai Verra Motors. In October 2007, the division that sells and services Hyundai brand cars was separated from the large Verra Motors holding. The new car center began to be located in the Kama Valley and became known as Silver Motors LLC. Since July 2008, there has been a separation of powers: the Silver Motors LLC company is engaged in the sale and warranty service of cars, and the internal company Praktik A LLC is engaged in car service.

Introduction 7

1 Business analysis 9

1.1 General characteristics of the enterprise 9
1.2 Main activities of the enterprise 10
1.3 Technical and economic indicators of the enterprise 11
1.4 Organizational structure of Praktik A LLC 14

2 Design part 19

2.1 Selection of initial data 19
2.2.1 Calculation of the annual scope of work of STO 19
2.2.2 Distribution of the annual workload 20
2.2.3 Calculation of the annual volume of work for self-service service station 21
2.2 Annual Scope of Work STO 19
2.3 Calculation of the number of production workers 22
2.4 Calculation of the number of posts and car spaces 23
2.4.1 Calculation of work posts 24
2.4.2 Calculation of the car - waiting places 25
2.5 Calculation of floor space 25
2.5.1 Calculation of the areas of posts of the TO and TR 25 zone
2.5.2 Calculation of production areas occupied by equipment 26
2.5.3 Calculation of warehouse areas 28
2.5.4 The total area of the projected zone TO and TR 29

3 Design part 30

3.1 Description of the designed design 30
3.2 Structural design calculations 31
3.2.1 Wheel selection 31
3.2.2 Calculation of the load-bearing elements of the lift for bending strength 32
3.2.3 Force calculation of bogie arms 33
3.2.4 Verification calculation of the hoist pin for compressive bending strength 36
3.2.5 Design calculation of the tie rod pin for bending strength 37
3.3 Economic calculation of the cart 39
3.3.1 Calculating the cost of manufacturing a trolley 39
3.3.2 Calculation of the cost of production of constituent elements 41

4 Project Feasibility Study 43

4.1 Basic production assets 43
4.2 Calculation of the planned cost of repairs 44
4.3 Determination of relative technical and economic indicators 46
4.4 Determining the economic viability of a project 47

5 Life safety and environmental safety 50

5.1 Life safety 50
5.1.1 Analysis of the state of labor protection in Praktik A LLC 50
5.1.2 Occupational safety requirements for the repair and maintenance of machinery and equipment 51
5.1.3 Organization of work aimed at reducing industrial injuries and general improvement of working conditions 57
5.2 Environmental safety at the service station Praktik A 58

Conclusion 66

List of used literature 67