PAZ: History of the brand, catalog of models and specifications. New Paz buses Paz brand buses

30.07.2019

Body

Pavlovsky bus factory is the main manufacturer of small buses in Russia and is among the top ten largest manufacturers in the world. More than ten thousand pieces of equipment roll off the assembly line of the enterprise every year.
Blog Trucker, one of the first online magazines, who managed to go through the workshops of the plant with a camera and make a full-fledged report. For organizing this tour, many thanks to the director of the department of mass communications of Russian Buses - GAZ Group LLC Voronina Ella Alexandrovna, as well as personally to PR manager Olga Andreevna Fefelova.

The plant in Pavlovo, takes its foundation in 1932, it was originally designed for the production of driver's tools, as well as body fittings for cars of the Gorky and Ulyanovsk automobile plants.
The first bus based on the GAZ-51 car was produced in August 1952. The next year will be an anniversary for the factory workers. During its existence, more than 600 thousand cars were produced under the PAZ brand various models and modifications.
Our tour of the plant began with the welding and body shop.
From here originates the factory conveyor.
The frame is welded on the slipway. The outlines of the future bus are already guessed.
Implemented at PAZ best technology successfully tested and applied in the West. Gone are the huge warehouses. The production of components goes two steps ahead of assembly, the so-called “assembly from wheels”.
To be honest, I was struck by the culture of production at this enterprise. And these are not empty words, once I managed to visit one of the best defense plants in the country - PAZ is on top.
Perhaps there will be objections and examples of sterile workshops of Western factories, but let's not forget where we are and where the West is. Especially for critics - to feel in the shoes of a manufacturer operating in Russia, first open at least an individual entrepreneur. And if you're still paying taxes in a couple of years, then we'll have something to talk about.
PAZ is a city-forming enterprise; there are no Chinese or Tajiks here. We must pay tribute to the management of the enterprise, buses continue to go under the factory brand.
About five thousand employees work at the plant and receive stable wages.
The frame of the future bus begins its journey on the conveyor.
The most massive russian bus, even the Chinese auto industry could not break him
The welders in Pavlovo are just as harsh as their counterparts in Chelyabinsk.
All stamped parts are made here, in a nearby workshop.
According to the head of the welding and body shop, a welder is the highest paid working specialty at the plant.
plate with VIN number at PAZ.
Finished hulls go to the paint shop. Let's follow them.
Primed body ready for painting.
In 2009, a new generation painting complex "Aizenman" was put into operation.
Before the introduction of new equipment, the paint shop was a big headache for all employees and the management of the paint shop.
A suspension of soil and paint hung like a curse over all the workers in the shop, but now it is in the past.
It seemed to me that only women work in the paint shop.
A freshly painted bus is ready to proceed to assembly line.
A cute creature is in command of the dispatch.
The next stage of our excursion is the assembly shop. Let's follow there.
On any Russian plant, not burdened with the registration of the traffic police and state standards, you can meet amazing vehicles. Local Left-handers forged swords into plowshares.
And the base of the GAZelle was reduced to an indecent one and a half meters.
Various modifications of PAZ buses are assembled on the assembly line.
PAZ-3204 was launched in mass production in January 2009. Recognized By the best bus years in 2009, 2010, 2011
Note the passenger seats of the new model. And compare with the old "sedushki", their photos will be below.
Installation of the battery pack.
On this moment three models of the engine are installed on the PAZ conveyor. Diesel MMZ, petrol ZMZ, diesel Cummins. From 2012 - PAZ 3204 buses will be equipped with diesel YaMZ engine 530.
Pictured, Cummins engine
Bridge subassembly area.
Futorki, photo for those who are in the subject.
Seats, originally from the last century. An indispensable thing by the way, when working under the car.
Yellow color, school bus modifications. Among other changes, it contains seats equipped with seat belts, racks for school backpacks. Each seat is equipped with a button to communicate with the driver, and an additional step, which, when open, stops the movement of the bus.
Good old Pazik. The small class bus is still the main model of the plant.
Factory time, there is a countdown of finished products. Every day, 36 brand new buses leave the assembly line.
Site of engine installation in buses.
Landing gear and engine docking area.
Computer diagnostics and engine tuning.
Pasting windows.
PAZ-3204 - new model plant, designed to replace the veteran PAZ-3205 on the conveyor.
Stand for checking the brake system.
A brand new bus leaves the assembly shop.
At the end of our tour, we were shown a new, flagship model of the factory workers PAZ-320412, a bus with the symbolic name Vector.
Getting to know him left me only pleasant impressions. Build quality and performance high level. It became known that there are already customers for the purchase of large quantities of this bus model.
Left the factory complete confidence, PAZ has a future!
The original article is on the site Blog Trucker http://dalnoboi-russia.blogspot.com/2011/12/paz.html
A request to everyone who wants to repost a report - contact its author, Valery Pisanov, on our website.

Bus of a small class of rural communication. PAZ-3205 has been produced by the Pavlovsk Bus Plant since 1987. Body - wagon type, load-bearing structure, 3-door (one door for the driver, one for passengers and one emergency). The layout of the seats is 4-row. Units - respectively cars and. Engine location - front. The driver's seat is adjustable for length, cushion tilt and weight. The heating system is air, using the heat of the engine cooling system. Modification - PAZ-32051 with two passenger doors, the number of seats is 24, the total number of seats is 35.

Engine.

Maud. ZMZ-672-11, petrol, V-arr. (900), 8 cyl., 92.x80 mm, 4.25 l, compression ratio 7.6, operating order 1-5-4-2-6-3-7-8; power 88.3 kW (120 hp) at 3200-3400 rpm; torque 284.5 Nm (29 kgf-m) at 2000-2500 rpm; carburetor K-135; air filter inertial oil.

Transmission.

Clutch - single disc, shutdown drive - hydraulic. Gearbox 4-speed, trans. numbers: I-6.65; II-3.09; III-1.71; IV-1.00; ZX-7.77; synchronizers - in III and IV gears. Transfer case (for PAZ-3206) 2-speed. transferred numbers: 1-1.963; 11-1.00. Cardan gear: for PAZ-3205 it consists of two shafts with an intermediate support; PAZ-3206 has three cardan gears: from the engine to the transfer case and from transfer box to the bridges. main gear- single, hypoid, transmitted. number 6.83.

Wheels and tires.

Wheels - disk, rims 6.0B-20 with onboard rings, fastening on 6 hairpins. Tires 8.25R20 (240R508), on PAZ-3205 - mod.K-84 or KI-63, NS - 10, tread pattern - universal, pressure, kgf / cm. sq. : mod. K-84 - front 6.0, rear 5.0; Maud. KI-63 - front 6.1, rear 5.0. On PAZ-3206 - tires mod. K-55A; NS - 10, tread pattern - universal, pressure, kgf/cm. sq. : front 6.0, rear 4.3. The number of wheels is 6+1.

Suspension.

Dependent, front - on semi-elliptical springs, two shock absorbers, rear - the same, with corrective springs, the bottom of the shock absorber. On PAZ-3206 front and rear suspension- with anti-roll bar.

Brakes.

The working brake system is double-circuit, with: pneumohydraulic drive, drum mechanisms (diameter 380 mm, lining width 100 mm), unclamping - cam. Parking brake - transmission - drum, drive - mechanical. The spare brake is one of the circuits of the working brake system. The pressure in the pneumatic drive of the brakes is 5.2-5.5 kgf / cm. There is a safety lock against freezing of condensate.

Steering.

Maud. MAZ-5336-34000 10-60, steering gear - screw with ball nut and sector, hydraulic booster is transmitted. number 23.55, no. pressure in the amplifier 65-70 kg/cm. sq. Steering wheel play with power steering up to 150.

Electrical equipment.

Voltage 12 V, acc. 6ST-105EMS battery, G287 generator with built-in rectifier and RR132 voltage regulator, ST230-A starter, R133-B distributor, TK1 02 transistor switch, B116 ignition coil, A11-3 spark plugs. Fuel tank:
PAZ-3205 - 105 l;
PAZ-3206 - 150l, gasoline A-76;
cooling system - 25l, water or antifreeze A-40;
engine lubrication system - 10 l, all-weather M-8B, or M6 / 10V, in winter ASZp-6;
steering gear housing 1.5 l, TAP-15V;
power steering system - 3.2 l, all-weather grade P oil, substitutes: turbine grade T in summer, spindle AC in winter;
gearbox - Zl, TAP-15V or TSp-15K;
transfer box - 1.5 l, TAP-15V or TSp-15K;
rear axle housing - 8.2 l, TSp-14gip;
crankcase front axle- 7.7 l, TSp-14GIP;
hydraulic brake and clutch drive system - 1.47 l, brake fluid"Tom";
shock absorbers - 4x0.475 l, AZH-12T;
washer reservoir windshield- 2 l, liquid NIISS-4 mixed with water;
brake system anti-freeze protection - 0.2 l, industrial alcohol.

Mass of aggregates (in kg)

Engine with equipment and clutch - 304,

Cardan shafts:
PAZ-3205-27,
PAZ-3206-41.5,

Gearbox - 56,
transfer box - 48.5,

Front axle:
PAZ-3205 - 195;
PAZ-3206 - 365,

rear axle - 270,
body - 2100,
wheel complete with tire - 80,
radiator - 18.5.

SPECIFICATIONS

Capacity:
number of seats	28
total number of seats	36
number of offices	1
Curb weight	4830 kg.
Including:
to the front axle	2170 kg.
on rear axle	2660 kg.
Full mass	7460 kg.
Including:
to the front axle	2770 kg.
on the rear axle	4690 kg.
Max speed	80 km/h
Acceleration time up to 60 km/h	35 s.
Max climbable	20 %
Overrun from 50 km/h	610 m
Stopping distance from 60 km/h	32.1 m
Control fuel consumption at 60 km/h, l/100 km	23 l.
Turning radius:
on the outer wheel	7.6 m
overall	8.5 m

The labor history of our hero started back in 1930 - it was then that the Gorky Automobile Plant began to be built. To provide it with everything necessary, in 1932 an auxiliary enterprise for the production of automotive tool(ZATI). During the Great Patriotic War, ZATI, like the whole country, switched to the production of military equipment.

In the photo: PAZ-651 and PAZ-652

In the same years, bus workers from the USSR began to conquer the podiums of the Old World. For the International Competition of Buses and the International Tourist Rally, which took place in May 1967 on the French Riviera in Nice, they made tourist bus luxury class PAZ-665 "Tourist", which received the first prize of the President of the French Republic for the most original design!

The stylistic motifs laid down in the PAZ "Tourist" were later revived in the PAZ-3205 bus - the same minibus that the whole of Russia has been driving for the last 25 years. The management of the plant, apparently, fell in love with the heady taste of world fame, and a couple of years later they rolled out a new tourist concept to the public. At the 19th International Bus Week in the same Nice, he grabbed the Big Cup and the Golden Nike prize. They say that Brigitte Bardot herself was secretly in love with this bus, and Duc Savier, a well-known organizer of cocktail parties on the Cote d'Azur, tried to buy it, but the Soviet side refused.

True, in the homeland, the handsome bourgeois was not allowed into the series. The Khrushchev thaw was replaced by the Brezhnev stagnation, so the Fatherland needed other heroes: strong, hardworking, modest guys, ready to stand up for themselves and for their conductor Nyura. This is exactly what PAZ-672 became - one of the most recognizable buses Soviet Union. Its release was launched in 1968, and, practically unchanged, it lasted 21 years on the assembly line. "Pazik" became the main public transport suburban and inter-rural routes, almost 80% of all traffic fell on his shoulders.

Economical geography

PAZ organized the export of his hit to 30 foreign countries. The model hit the roads of Europe, Asia, Latin America and Africa. Moreover, the bus was delivered to the black continent under the name "Tobol". He was in great demand for commuter routes in Cuba, Bulgaria, the GDR and even in Hungary, where, it would seem, their own Ikarus should have been enough. True, the PAZ-672 was not delivered to the capitalist countries: the interior layout did not meet the requirements of many customers.

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In the photo: PAZ-665 "Tourist", PAZ-672, PAZ-3205

Of course, most of the buses were exported to friendly countries on special terms. However, many of those machines are still in operation today. They had good reputation. Here are the words of Georges Jacquisteu, who in the 1970s was the Minister of Defense of Angola: “All the main things are done in the Soviet Union. The Kalashnikov assault rifle keeps our Angola safe from enemies. And the bus from Pavlov helps to understand how diverse and beautiful our Motherland is.”

By the way, on the basis of the 672nd model was created four wheel drive bus off-road PAZ-3201 is one of the most unusual designs from the point of view of the global automotive industry. Four-wheel drive cars with bus-like bodies were made abroad even before the Second World War, but this did not happen for it to be really passenger plus large-scale! The car was in great price not only in the USSR, but also abroad.

Perestroika difficulties

A fundamentally new model PAZ-3205 was launched into series in 1989, and it was destined to become the country's main bus. On International exhibition"Automation-90" in Moscow new bus and the PAZ booth aroused interest among representatives of American firms, they were especially surprised by the unique equipment for manufacturing large dies and metalworking of large parts and equipment for stamping plastic parts.

At that unusual time, it seemed to many that, finally, slightly fantastic, but very good changes began in the USSR. However, the restructuring quickly led to chaos, and most businesses turned on survival mode. The 90s added gray hair to the leadership of the PAZ. Fortunately, the bus factory survived that hard time.

In the photo: PAZ 3205 with Cummins engine

Current progress

The PAZ-3205 model was restyled several times, was modernized, but its constructive basis remains the same. Naturally, the "Pazikov" of the new wave also has foreign successes. For example, they are regularly delivered to Mongolia. And if the delivery of our cars to this country is perceived as the norm, then the export of “grooves” to Venezuela deserves special praise.

After all, this is not some Honduras, but one of the most developed countries in Latin America with huge oil reserves, cheap gasoline and excellent roads. IN bus depot Caracas looks more appropriate "Mercedes" and "MAN". Triple pleased that among them wormed our hero.

Here is his brief business card: middle-class bus PAZ-4234 in a tropical version, tested in the southern regions of Russia in mountainous terrain close to the conditions of Venezuela. Equipped with Cummins engine, automatic transmission Allison gear, equipped gas equipment. Real high-tech, not a machine.

By the way, the Pavlovsk plant is not only the main bus manufacturer in Russia, but also consistently among the ten largest bus manufacturers on the planet. When in the minibus you are once again hard hit by an elbow in the side, remember this, and it will become easier on your soul.

After merging the main domestic manufacturers of passenger transport by the GAZ Group, the “Buses” division appeared, which made it possible to inhale new life V Soviet technology. Which, by the way, benefited from such a transformation. To date, the company has an ISO 9001 certificate “Quality management systems. Requirements” in relation to production and development, as well as warranty and service.

Today, this is an enterprise that uses all its design capacity and is in the TOP 10 of the world's main manufacturers, so 42 new PAZ buses are produced per day. By applying the principles production systems GAZ, since 2003, has increased efficiency in terms of cost reduction and cost reduction, as well as optimized technological processes.

The main line of the car factory consists of medium and small class. The sale of PAZ buses in Russia has reached a new scale level and amounts to more than 9 thousand units per year. All upgrades, improvements and extensions of modifications are based on the opinion of regular transport customers.

Production line: new models, PAZ bus price and specifications

The developed service network of the manufacturer's stations allows you to buy PAZ buses in Moscow and the regions of the country, including the CIS and Far Abroad, without hesitation. In our company, on the rights official dealer, offers a whole range of sales and service in the warranty and post-warranty period.

In our country, the plant is the only one that produces a full range of passenger vehicles using various kinds engines: diesel, gasoline, gas and electricity. To date, the equipment meets all the requirements for the level of comfort, safety and reliability, adaptability to the conditions of use in Russian conditions as well as economical operation.

Model range of products:

Urban, suburban, intercity - this is where Vector is in the lead, focused on comfortable transportation, in accordance with European requirements.
School - issued on various modifications, while all the requirements are met in accordance with GOST “Buses for transporting children. Technical requirements".
Special purpose - in this group includes cargo-passenger and ritual models, as well as with options "Northern execution".

The advantage of the entire range is the price of PAZ buses, because regardless of the modification, a competitive price is offered compared to foreign-made counterparts, and all models have low operating costs. We also note the scale of production, the plant produces more than 15,000 buses a year, which confirms the demand for products and their supply.

The PAZ-3205 bus is a 7-meter car assembled in Russia at the Pavlovsk plant and belongs to the small class.

General information

The development of the bus lasted 15 years, while more than 10 experimental models of cars were created. The first model for testing was produced in 1979, and mass production began in 1984. However, the final form of the model was adopted in the 86th. In December 1989 it began conveyor production PAZ-3205, and by June 2001 the plant produced the 100,000th bus of this type. In 2008, the model was upgraded, which made it possible to increase the life of the body from 5 to 10 years, install a better heating system and create a comfortable interior.

History of the car

The PAZ-665, which was created at the Pavlovsk plant back in 1966, became the prototype of the PAZ-3205 car. This bus was made in two types - municipal type and tourist with comfortable chairs. By appearance and interior configuration, it resembles a late version of the 3205 model, which is confirmed by the PAZ-3205 scheme.

After PAZ-665, other types of machines were designed and produced, which were very similar to the 3205th model. Yes, in the 70s last century designed the PAZ-3202 bus in three types: municipal and suburban use, as well as the PAZ-3204 model with high traffic. latest model planned to enter production from 1979. However, due to problems with the supply of components, the start to mass production was interrupted.

Model on a new basis

To get out of this situation, it was decided to use the units truck GAZ - this is how a modification appeared, which is known as PAZ-3205. The initial prototypes of this sample appeared in 1981, but they required some refinement. And only in 1986, the Pavlovsk Automobile Plant began to produce model 3205 in small volumes.

Mass production of PAZ-3205 began in 1989 and continued until 1991. This bus was supposed to replace the outdated 672 model, but the collapse of the Soviet Union with a further crisis abruptly stopped the production of buses at Pavlovsky car factory. But all the same, no matter how difficult the financial situation at the plant may be, in 1991 the municipal modification PAZ-32051 was launched, as well as PAZ-320507 - in 1995.

Some popular models and technical variants of the bus

The bus began to be mass-produced since 1989 in a standard passenger modification, and the PAZ-3205 engine could be either gasoline or diesel Belarusian production. Thanks to market conditions the plant began to adapt to the situation and expand the lineup based on the wishes of the customers. At the moment, the automobile plant manufactures several types and variants of these buses, which differ in configuration and purpose. Below are a number of modifications to the 3205 model:

PAZ-3205 is the first model in a range of PAZ buses. Its package included front automatic doors and emergency rear, hydropneumatic brakes and a bridge from a GAZ car. Since 2009, the bus has been discontinued.
PAZ-32052 - modernized model 3205 under fixed-route taxi. The main difference from the original version of the car was that gas equipment was installed on it.
PAZ-32053 - the model had pneumatic brakes and carbureted engine.
PAZ-3205-20 - cargo-passenger modification of model 3205. Produced with cargo compartment at the back of the bus and from 16 seats. Trunk volume varies from 5-15 cubic meters, depending on the ordered configurations.
PAZ-3206 - all-wheel drive car. Mainly used as school bus.

In addition to the above modifications, model 3205 gave life to such a vehicle as a pickup truck, which is used in the territories of factories and large enterprises. The front part of the bus is placed on the chassis, and an open onboard platform is placed behind. Depending on the needs of the plant, they can be more or less short, so that the workers and the freight forwarder can be transferred at the same time. This type of pick-up buses, traveling according to the needs of the enterprise in the factory areas, can be found on the roads of the city of Pavlovo.

Export variations of the bus

PAZ-3205-50 - a variation of the "Lux" type, which was developed at the end of the previous century. It differs from ordinary buses by soft non-adjustable seats in the cabin, luggage racks along the windows and luggage compartment in the back with a volume of 2 cu. m.
PAZ-3205-70 is a bus model for the northern regions. Produced since 1995. A school bus is now being produced at its base. The bus configuration includes: a retractable footboard, semi-soft seats with a straight back, seat belts on each seat, a button for communicating with the driver near each seat. Reflective strips are glued around the perimeter of the bus, and a megaphone is mounted on the roof.
PAZ-3205-507 - "tropical" buses for export to hot countries. Model stands out big amount wide vents, occupying more than half of the window area, ventilation hatches on the roof and a modified body design. Such models are popular in Vietnam, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and other countries.
PAZ-3975 is a mobile laboratory that examines athletes.
PAZ-4234 - extended bus.

The PAZ-3205 device served as the basis for other modifications of the bus that did not receive widespread among customers. In total, 18 modifications of the basic type of car were made.

PAZ-3205: specifications

According to technological parameters maximum speed bus is 90 km/h. In the same time optimal speed with a loaded car - 60 km / h. Fuel consumption per 100 km is 23 liters.

The bus has 28 seats and one office space. The total capacity of the cabin is 37 people.

The car has a mass of 4.83 tons and an engine of 88 Horse power. The bus has a double-circuit pneumohydraulic braking system, as well as drum parking brake. In addition, it has a 4- or 5-speed gearbox.

The car is 7 m long, 2.5 m wide and 2.9 m high. Bus ground clearance - 32 cm.

Characteristics of PAZ-3205 and its advantages

The Soviet automotive industry was famous for the ease of assembling cars. Cars were built without "gadgets", without much convenience and comfort. PAZ-3205 is no exception to this rule. But there are also advantages: its design is simple and easy to use, it is hardy and has high permeability. And also, importantly, the repair of the PAZ-3205 is quite simple and easy even with my own hands, which cannot be said about modern buses filled with electronics and other devices.

The fact that it is still in use in almost all cities, villages and enterprises of Russia and the CIS can serve as proof of the reliability of this car. PAZ-3205, the price of which ranges from 300 thousand rubles to 1 million, has earned popularity due to its cost-effectiveness in maintenance, ease of use in almost all areas of human life.

Bus in the 21st century

Since 2000, the plant has been producing reliable modifications of the single-door PAZ-32053 and the two-door PAZ-32054. Since 2002, all buses have been equipped with ABS.

Since 2007, there has been a comprehensive modernization of the 3205th model. First of all, Belarusian and Ukrainian components were changed to German parts. The joints of the body began to be glued with a special anti-corrosion tape, and the front of the bus received a gray plastic lining. It has also been completely changed. heating system bus, allowing the use of the car in severe frosts.

The interior of the car has also changed. The floor began to be covered with well-impregnated plywood, the walls began to be sheathed with plastic. The bus received other improvements, which concerned mainly small design details.

However, all these innovations could not affect the fact that the 3205 models had already become morally and technically irrelevant. Gearbox from GAZ-53, which has not been produced since 1992, an uneconomical engine, outdated design - all this has long been in need of a replacement. Recently, the Pavlovsk Bus Plant has been developing new advanced buses to replace old models. But the current hauliers and municipal authorities prefer to purchase PAZ-3205, specifications which do not correspond modern requirements because it is much cheaper than a similar class of cars.

Conclusions of the review of the bus of the Pavlovsky plant

Moscow and other Russian megacities have long since changed their fleet to modern buses, European quality. But the rest of Russia still continues to use this bus. Model 3205 has proven itself in all areas of human activity: from the transport of passengers to work in rescue, medical, fire and military services. The outdated technical support of the PAZ 3205 model is perfectly compensated by its low cost, which for local authorities with their constant budget deficit is a panacea in providing city and district services inexpensive transport. In addition, this bus is considered the main motor vehicle for rural residents, again because of its low cost.

The Pavlovsk Automobile Plant does not stop the production of these types of buses, but constantly improves their technical component. So, starting from 2010, they began to put on buses of this model diesel engine MMZ-245, which allowed to save fuel consumption by 10 liters.

Also very good decision there was an increase in the capacity of passengers up to 50 people and the replacement of the car's stamping frame with a tubular one using polymers for external panels.

New bus of the Pavlovsky plant

This technology has been fully implemented in mass production PAZ-3205 successors - on buses of the PAZ-4230 Aurora family. Of course, this new model is much more comfortable, more convenient and more modern than its predecessor, however, its cost is two times higher than the 3205th model. Thanks to this feature, it is safe to say that the "people's" PAZ-3205 bus and its modifications will have to work on our roads for a long time.