So, you are probably wondering - what are these buses on which you will make your wonderful trips to different cities and countries?
These are cars specially designed for tourism, which are produced by a wide variety of companies. You certainly know some, for example, Mercedes, Neoplan, but most of the companies that produce tourist buses (Van-Hool, Setra) are usually little known among people not connected with the tourist business, but at the same time - these companies are "monsters " in your area.
Moving away from stereotypes and big names, let's find out what buses exist for tourist trips? First of all, they can be divided into one-story, one-and-a-half and two-story. In decent firms that care about their customers, only one and a half and double-decker buses which are considered the most convenient for tourism purposes.
Differences between one and a half and double decker buses
The difference between these buses is that in a one-and-a-half bus the floor with passengers is raised relative to the level of the drivers and is the only passenger floor, while on a 2-story bus there is a first floor where passengers can also sit. Now let's move on to the interior of the bus. It is quite standard, although it may differ in some not very significant details. The seats are always the same, as shown in the photo, only the distance between them differs.
Interior of a modern bus
It depends on the class of the bus - the more stars, the greater the distance between the seats and the less seats. But in any case, there is enough space, in addition, you can always recline or push the seats apart. As for the number of seats on the bus, the number of seats varies slightly depending on the manufacturer, but on average for a one and a half bus it is 42 seats, and for a two-story - 62 seats. There are also places with a table on the buses, depending on the type of bus, there may be a different number of them.
In addition to external data and the number of seats, buses differ in their configuration, i.e. presence speaker system(music), video systems (set: color monitors suspended from the ceiling, usually 2, 3 or 4, and a VCR), air conditioning, bio-toilet (although a toilet is always present).
This is how the TVs in the cabin now look
And finally, it is worth adding that the undoubted advantages of tourist buses include luggage compartment, which contains very a large number of variety of luggage.
So, this is the main thing that can be said about the buses offered by travel companies.
Ecology of life: In every mode of transport there are places where it is safest to be. Unfortunately, there are not so many of them. IN passenger car: most without dangerous place- behind the driver's seat, preferably in the center. American researchers from the University of Buffalo studied several hundred accidents and found that those sitting in the center behind suffer 60% less in accidents than other passengers. But sit next to the driver as a last resort.
In every mode of transport there are places where it is safest to be. Unfortunately, there are not so many of them.
1. In a passenger car: the safest place is behind the driver's seat, preferably in the center. American researchers from the University of Buffalo studied several hundred accidents and found that those sitting in the center behind suffer 60% less in accidents than other passengers. But sit next to the driver as a last resort.
2. In a bus, trolleybus, tram the middle of the cabin is the safest place. It is better to sit with your back forward: less risk in case of sudden braking.
If you sit facing forward, you will smash your head against the back of the chair in front of you. Sitting on the starboard side is safer than on the port side: away from oncoming traffic. Places near the doors are dangerous (they fly out, are crushed in an accident).
If you are standing, move the points of support (two legs, a hand on the handrail) so that their vertical projection onto the floor forms a large triangle.
In the bus long distance- most safe places are the extreme right places in the direction of travel, located in the middle of the cabin. The safest - starting from the 4th row, with the exception of the last, in the middle of the cabin (not near the window).
On the bus, the most unsafe are the first 2 rows of passenger seats, all the side seats near the window, the back row.
3. In a fixed-route taxi- places located with the back in the direction of travel (those who get sick will have to choose between well-being and safety). The most dangerous place in a fixed-route taxi is the place next to the driver.
4. In the subway do not cross the cherished line that runs along the platform and along the edge of the escalator steps. Do not approach the train until it has stopped. Avoid the crush. Noticing something suspicious (delay or frequent stops trains, smoke, the smell of burning), as soon as possible, run away from this “dead place” into fresh air or go to another line.
5. On the train- the safest place is the middle car, the middle (fifth) compartment, the lower shelf in the direction of the train. On the side shelves it is better to lie with your feet in the direction of movement. Then at hard braking or a collision, you will hit the partition with your feet, not your head. And, therefore, avoid injury to the cervical vertebrae.
The greatest threat to passengers is the first and last cars of the train. The first is crushed and thrown off the path in a head-on collision. With the latter, the same thing happens in a collision from behind, only on an even more catastrophic scale, since, unlike the former, it is not buffered by a locomotive and a baggage car.
6. On the ship the safest place is the deck, and the safest cabin is the one closest to it.
7. On the plane- it is safest to sit in the rear of the aircraft - for passengers who are closer to the tail, the chances of surviving a crash are higher than for those who sit in the front rows of the front of the cabin.
Everywhere try to stick to the "golden mean": the closer to the center, the safer. IN land transport, if you can’t become a “centrist”, you can afford a “right bias” (the starboard side is still further from the oncoming stream), but being “left” is already risky. On the subway and railway choose not only the middle of the car, but also the middle of the train.
And yet, as practice shows, a special place is not a panacea, and there are not enough of them for everyone. Therefore, you can rely on him, but it is important not to make a mistake yourself.
Fasten seat belts!
Do not neglect the generally accepted security measures, proudly considering them the lot of reinsurers. Sometimes this can be costly. And especially for those who do not wear seat belts. In the event of an accident unfastened passenger far worse.
By the way, just fastening the belt is not enough, you need to adjust it so that you feel a little tight, otherwise you will simply fly out of it in a collision. This also applies to passengers. air transport: if suddenly the plane gets into an air pocket, the one who did not buckle up properly will be under the ceiling.
This will be of interest to you:
Important!
Your papers are closer to your body. Even if your journey is short, always take the essentials with you, including a small first aid kit and the so-called “survival kit”. If you went on a long journey, do not hide money and documents in bags and suitcases.
It’s better to keep them with you: when you need to urgently, drop your luggage, jump from a sinking ship or get out of a burning car, there will be no time to get them. When traveling on water or over water, just in case, place everything securities in a sealed plastic bag. Do not put away the most necessary things too far and remember where they are. published
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In most cases, getting into transport, we think about comfort during the trip. But do not forget about safety, because in every mode of transport there are places where the likelihood of suffering in the event of an accident is much less.
website collected for you such places in 7 types of vehicles, the safety of which was determined on the basis of various studies and statistics.
Automobile
- Safe places: on back seat behind the driver and in the center, since this part of the car is the least deformed in a head-on accident.
- Dangerous places: next to the driver, as in the event of a collision, he will reflexively try to dodge, and then the person sitting next to him will be in danger.
Shuttle taxi
- Safe places: located with your back in the direction of travel, since with sudden braking there is less chance of hitting your head on the back of the chair.
- Dangerous places: at windows and doors, as in case of an accident they can cut, crush with broken glass. As in a car, places near the driver should be avoided.
trolleybus
- Safe places: in the right lane by the aisle (in case right-hand traffic), since the oncoming traffic is moving on the left, and therefore there is less chance of getting hurt. Seats in the middle of the cabin, located with their backs in the direction of travel, are also considered safe.
- Dangerous places: as well as in fixed-route taxis, do not sit at windows and doors, so as not to suffer from glass fragments.
city bus
- Safe places: extreme right seats in the middle of the cabin, located in the direction of travel, as they are further away from the rest of the oncoming traffic.
- Dangerous places: on the first two rows of seats, as in a huge Windshield foreign objects and fragments often fly in. The same applies to places near windows and doors. The rear row of seats is dangerous in the event of a rear impact.
Train
- Safe places: closer to the center of the composition. It is also better to choose the 5th or 6th coupe, that is, closer to the middle, since in the event of a collision, the 1st and last cars are either crushed or derailed.
- Dangerous places: places in the direction of travel, since with sudden braking they are more likely to fall.
Do not use taxis major city- means dooming yourself to chronic delays. And at the same time, the inscription in the interior of the "minibus": "10 minutes of fear and you are at home!" - it's to the point. Regular minibuses - the most quick view urban public transport. To that world. Is it possible to minimize the risk of staying in a fixed-route taxi?
Sociologists say that in large cities more than half of the residents use minibuses, and one in five of them daily. Another third travel 3-5 times a week. In general, minibus passengers are satisfied with their work. The work of this type of public transport of every fourth person is not satisfied. Among the negative characteristics most often mentioned are the unprofessionalism of drivers, the lack of a clear schedule and the tightness of the cabin. People say that minibus drivers “constantly break the rules”, “endanger the lives of passengers”, and also “drive very fast”. Some survey participants admitted that they are simply "terrified to ride" minibuses.
Scary, that's for sure. Last year in Belarus, due to the fault of the drivers of these vehicles, 34 accidents were committed, in which 3 people died and 37 were injured of varying degrees. It seems to be a little. But in the same 2007, the traffic police banned the operation of more than 1,600 fixed-route taxis, which posed a threat to road safety.
"Gazelle" and similar minibuses
Injury records in Gazelles are breaking standing(read - prohibited by law) places, because people ride bent over, they have almost no time to hold on. Most minor problems in the event of sudden braking or an accident - dislocations and sprains, more dangerous - injuries to the head and cervical spine.
Passengers sitting on side places, also often there is nothing to hold on to, so with a sharp turn or braking, you can fly to the floor. Injuries - any to choose from.
Places next to the driver comfortable but dangerous. Because at head-on collision you, not wearing a seatbelt seat belt, easily fly out through the windshield. It must also be remembered that a passenger on a double front seat next to the driver, with a sharp turn, it can fall on the driver, and this is fraught with an accident.
Passengers seated near the window, suffer, as a rule, in the event of a side collision. Firstly, the impact force is great, and secondly, crumbling glass can easily injure.
Seats on the edge- the safest: passengers, as a rule, fall into the aisle, and then how the card falls ...
And another one helpful information for passengers of route "Gazelles". The magazine "Behind the Rulem" at one time conducted a crash test of the passenger version of this minibus: the "minibus" crashed into a deformable cube with a 40% overlap at a speed of 56 km / h. There were seven mannequins in the salon at that time. Only the driver was wearing a seat belt. In addition, all passenger seats had no head restraints.
So, as a result frontal impact the driver would have received very serious leg injuries, but he would have had a chance to survive. And the worst thing was the mannequins planted right at the entrance.
"Bogdans", etc.
The safest place in a small Bogdan-type bus, as in the case of the Gazelle, is driver's seat. Further. When hitting high speed those who travel are most likely to survive backwards, because they are only pressed by the chair, while the rest fly around the cabin. True, here you can run into someone who is sitting opposite.
Places at the end of the saloon dangerous in that they can crash into the Bogdan (or the same "groove") from behind. In such situations, spinal injuries are not uncommon.
Passengers seated rear middle seat where there are no handrails, with sudden braking, they risk flying through the entire cabin. The consequences are unpredictable.
Front seats next to the driver(the so-called "conductors") are dangerous because there is either no back at all, or it is very low. When the minibus jerks sharply, you can damage the cervical spine.
In a head-on collision, the most safe places in "Bogdan" - double "seats" on the left in the middle of the cabin. When hit from the left - extreme places on the right, and central rear seat . When hit from the right - first and last leftmost seats. When hit from behind - all front seats(except next to the windshield).
- Upon entering the minibus, sit in the right lane closer to the aisle. The oncoming traffic is moving on the left - therefore, those sitting on the right are less likely to get hurt. It is best to sit with your back to the direction of travel.
- If you ride standing up, hold on to the handrail and don't put all of your body weight on one foot. Spread your legs shoulder-width apart.
- The most unreliable and dangerous place in the cabin is doors and windows: upon impact, they fly out or break. Therefore, it is better to stand away from the door and determine in advance where you can fall in the event of a sharp blow or braking.
- Don't sit by the window.
How to properly group
Let's say that a few seconds before the accident you realize that the accident cannot be avoided. What to do to minimize the damage to your health or even save your life?
When hit, the bus or trolleybus slows down. Hence, your body will throw forward. Therefore, turn around with your back to the driver's cab, grasp the vertical handrail, seat backs or handles, and plant your feet firmly on the floor. When doing this, do not forget to bend your legs at the shins. As soon as you feel the force of inertia, cushion with your feet, this will soften the blow.
If you are sitting at the time of the accident, firmly grasp the seat in front of you with your hands. But be prepared that you can hurt your wrists. However, you can save the body and head.
Survival during an accident is possible only if vehicle moving no faster than 60 km/h. If the "minibus" rushes through the city at a speed of 80 km/h or more, consider that it is suicide bombers. At least 90% of passengers will die in a head-on collision. Do not get tired of reminding too frisky drivers of "minibuses" about this. Happy travels!
On our roads, accidents often occur with the participation of multi-seat vehicles. This fact makes passengers think about what is the best seat in the cabin to survive in the event of an accident. In minibuses latest generations“smart” electronics work for safety, and passenger seats are equipped with innovative means of protection in the event of a collision. Therefore, today it is not a problem to order a minibus equipped with seat belts with pretensioners and airbags. All seats in modern minibuses are soft, with headrests and armrests. And, nevertheless, modern equipment does not always help to avoid a traffic accident. However, the risk of being in a minibus can be minimized by choosing the right seat.
The most dangerous place is next to the driver
Oddly enough, but the driver's seat in a minibus is considered one of the safest. Probably because the driver does not neglect the seat belt, but before the collision he manages to group correctly - after all, he constantly follows the road. According to statistics, passengers who choose a seat next to the driver are more often among the victims of road accidents. Taking the blow away, the driver instinctively turns the steering wheel, and the force of the collision often falls on the neighbor.
Seat behind the driver
If you want to secure your trip in a minibus, sit in a chair right behind the driver. And if this seat is turned back in the direction of travel, then it is even safer. After all, in a head-on collision or braking, all passengers fly forward by inertia, unless, of course, they are wearing seat belts. And the one sitting with his back to the movement at this time will only be pressed into the chair. He has more chances to survive, but there is a risk of colliding with a passenger opposite. In general, it is safer to ride backwards than forwards. Those suffering from motion sickness will have to choose between safety and well-being.
Other seats
In a side collision, it is dangerous to sit by the windows. In this case, passengers suffer both from the force of impact and from glass fragments. On the “Kamchatka”, when hit from behind, they risk injuring the spine or flying through the entire cabin and getting multiple injuries. If the seats behind the driver are occupied, sit on the right closer to the aisle. Passengers in the right lane have a lower risk of fatal injury because traffic flow goes to the left. In roomy minibuses, it is safer to sit in the middle of the cabin and away from the windows.
In general, you can avoid becoming a victim of an accident when driving at speeds up to 60 km / h. Restrictions in settlements not taken from the ceiling, but justified by the results of crash tests. It has been proven that in a head-on collision, the mortality rate is 90% if the vehicle speed is 80 km/h or more. Except violation road rules Often the cause of accidents is the unprofessionalism of drivers. A decent minibus driven by a master of his craft, fastening with seat belts and a well-chosen seat will be the key to a calm and pleasant trip.
Allegro is solely responsible for technical condition fleet, the professionalism of drivers and the safety of our customers. You can get acquainted with the characteristics of vehicles in the catalog on our website.
