This article discusses the electronic components of cars, what they are and how they work.

ABS ("ANTIBLOCK BRAKE SYSTEM")

ABS - brake anti-lock system. This system prevents the wheels from locking up when braking hard or when braking on slippery roads. The control unit presses and releases the brake pads several times, as a result of which the wheels begin to turn. consists of: acceleration (speed) sensors mounted on wheel hubs; control valves that are installed in the line of the braking system; a control unit that receives signals from sensors and controls the operation of the valves.

During ABS braking constantly and accurately determines the speed of rotation of all wheels. If one or more wheels decelerate faster than the maximum calculated speed and based on the readings of the accelerometers, then ABS commands the braking system to limit the braking force on the wheel(s). Braking force after wheel rotation comes to allowable rate is being restored.

4WS ("4 WHEEL STEER")

4WS-4 steerable wheels. Special steering mechanisms are built into the rear suspension, with the help of which the wheels turn. Management is carried out by a special electronic unit based on speed, steering and wheel angles, etc. received from vehicle sensors.

The system operates in two modes:

1. At low speed the rear wheels turn in the opposite direction of the front wheels, and the steering wheel turns a smaller angle when the maneuver is performed. That is, the steering sensitivity increases and the car becomes more maneuverable.
2. At high speed when changing lanes or fast turns, the rear wheels turn in the same direction only at a small angle as the front wheels.

ACC ("ACTIVE CRUISE CONTROL")

ACC - active cruise control. This system uses a three-beam radar to monitor the road ahead of the vehicle. If the vehicle in front moves into your lane, ACC determines its direction of travel and position, and calculates an estimated speed based on the radar signal. The system changes the vehicle speed to maintain a safe distance between vehicles. Reducing the speed is carried out by reducing the traction of the car or by using the brakes. The value of the safety distance can be adjusted by the settings.

ACC ("ACTIVE COMING CONTROL")

ACC is an automatic system for stabilizing the transverse position of the body in corners and variable suspension travel. May also be called ACE, CATS, CBC, BCS. ACC works together with ABS to prevent drift rear axle when turning to high speed. The work of ACC is based on the redistribution of loads between suspension elements. With a lateral tilt (roll), the rods move in different directions (one goes down, the other goes up). The middle part twists.

The ACC is trying, as it were, to raise the body from the side of the slope, and lower it from the opposite side. Thus, the ACC ensures the alignment of the car to the road plane. In addition to alignment, an increase in the grip properties of the vehicle's wheels with the road when turning is also achieved.

AGS ("ADAPTIVE GETRIEBE-STEUERUNG")

BA ("BRAKE ASSIST")

BA - electronic pressure control system in hydraulic system brakes. Also called PABS, PA, BAS. BA independently increases the pressure in the brake system if necessary or if there is insufficient effort on the pedal.

Moreover, the increase in pressure occurs much faster than a person could do. Recognition of emergency braking occurs by the speed of pressing the pedal and the pressure on the pedal

D-4

D-4 - technology direct injection fuel. Fuel is fed directly into the combustion chamber under high pressure. This technology significantly increases performance characteristics engine. Reduced fuel consumption, reduced level harmful substances in gas.

DAC ("DOWNHILL ACESS CONTROL")

DAC is Hill Descent Assist. When driving on steep descents, if the DAC system determines that the wheel speed is less speed vehicle, it automatically changes the braking force on different wheels.

DAC maintains a speed in the region of 5-7 km/h, which is ideal for steep descents, and 3-5 km/h when driving in reverse on steep slopes.

DBC ("DYNAMIC BRAKE CONTROL")

DBC stands for Dynamic Brake Control. DBC is an addition to DSC (Dynamic Stability Control). Approximately 90% of drivers are not able to perform emergency braking in time. In spite of a sharp depressing of the brake pedal, the pressure on the pedal is insufficient and the subsequent increase in pressure increases the braking power only slightly. As a result, the braking power is not fully utilized.

The DBS system allows you to accelerate and increase the pressure build-up in the brake system during emergency braking and provides a minimum braking distances even when the brake pedal is lightly pressed. The determining values ​​are the data: the rate of pressure increase and the force applied to the pedal. The DBS system does not work on the vacuum principle, but on the principle of hydraulic amplification. During emergency braking, such a system provides the best and most accurate dosage of braking force.

DDE (Diesel Digital Electronics)

DDE - electronic digital system. DDE regulates the moment of injection, the amount of fuel supplied and the boost pressure, which ensures the most optimal correspondence of these parameters in all engine operating modes, even in extreme conditions.

The car becomes more economical (fuel consumption), high-torque (engine operation is smooth) and more environmentally friendly (toxicity decreases in exhaust gases). Tracking the force of pressing the gas pedal, its position allows you to more accurately calculate the time, quantity, and pressure of fuel injection, which adapts the engine operating mode to various conditions and driving style.

DME (Digital Motor Electronics)

DME is an electronic digital engine management system. DME manages and controls all functions (ignition, fuel injection). DME supports optimal power with the lowest toxicity and fuel consumption. Sensors constantly monitor all parameters that affect the operation of the engine. The incoming data from the sensors are evaluated and encoded into commands for the ignition and injection systems.

DME processes about 1000 signals every second, including signals from sensors for cooling system temperature, position throttle valve, air density and temperature, crankshaft position, vehicle speed, gas pedal position. DME compares all incoming signals with the responses of other systems. If one of the sensors fails, the DME uses the stored default value for given parameter from memory. DME also monitors the health of electrical equipment. Using various sensors, the battery charge level and its condition, as well as current electricity consumption, are measured. By maintaining the battery in a healthy state, DME provides a guaranteed start of the engine at any time.

EBD ("ELECTRONIC BRAKE DISTRIBTION")

EBD - electronic brake force distribution system. Also called EBV. Works in conjunction with ABS and electronically ensures even distribution of braking force between all wheels. This is necessary for optimal grip of each wheel with the road, based on speed, vehicle load, pavement, etc.

In most cases, it is used to eliminate the possibility of blocking the wheels on the rear axle. EBD begins to work before ABS, or after the failure of the latter as a result of a breakdown.

EBM ("ELECTRONIC BRAKE MANAGEMENT")

EBM - system electronic control brakes. Essentially, this common name control systems of brake systems and controllability of these systems, such as ABS, ACS + T, DSC and DBC. Based on the readings of various sensors, EBM determines the level of intervention required to restore good vehicle control, using one or more control systems at once. Sensors used by EBM include: bank angle; steering wheel angle; wheel speed and brake force sensors.

EBS ("ELECTRONIC BRAKING SYSTEM")

EBS - electronic braking system. EBS has no brake pedal mechanical connection with brake system. Other name " electronic pedal”, the movement of which is converted into an electrical signal and fed to the control unit. Next, the data received from the sensors (speed, load, steering angle, lateral acceleration) are analyzed. Based on the analysis of this data, the electronics gives a command to its executive mechanisms to regulate the pressure in the circuits of the brake system.

ECT ("ELECTONICALLY CONTROLED TRANSMISSION")

ECT - electronic shift control system in automatic transmission latest generation. Given the throttle position, vehicle speed, engine temperature, determines which gear to shift into. Thus, it provides the softest gear shifting, and increases the life of the transmission and engine. It is possible to set the gearshift algorithm: “winter”, “economy”, “sport”.

Conclusion!

These systems have largely influenced the fundamental change in the essence of the modern car. Thanks to electronics, components and mechanisms began to work more reliably, and the transport itself became safer.

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» Car electronic systems - to help the driver

Auxiliary electronic systems are designed to create conditions conducive to improved driving. Many different electronic systems have been developed that operate in conjunction with vehicle components, which can be classified:

• Auxiliary systems working in conjunction with the mechanisms of the brake circuit:
  - auto blocking
  - extreme braking.
• Compliance exchange rate stability.
• Maintain distance between vehicles.
• Support for rebuilding cars when driving with a change of lanes of the highway.
• Parking using ultrasonic signals.
• Using the rear view camera.
• bluetooth.
• Cruise control

Anti-lock braking system

ABS () - specifically to improve the efficiency of the brakes under various road weather conditions.

It reads the speed of rotation of each wheel and, under heavy braking, prevents blocking and slipping, thereby leaving the ability to steer and maneuver the vehicle to a complete stop.

It includes:

• electronic control unit;
• mechanism - modulator for adjusting the pressure of the working (brake) fluid, (ABS block);
• showing the angular speed of rotation of the wheels.

Extreme braking system

Designed for emergency braking in conditions requiring an immediate stop of the car. And it helps the driver to press the brake pedal, when calculating the inefficiency of braking.

Consists of blocks:

• hydraulic module assembled with ABS unit and return pump brake fluid;
• a sensor showing the pressure in the hydraulic circuit;
• a sensor that records the speed of rotation of the wheels;
• devices for switching off the signal transmitted to the extreme braking amplifier.

vehicle stability control

Allows you to stabilize the transverse dynamics of the car, prevents the vehicle from skidding. Works in conjunction with ABS and engine management system.

It includes:

• electronic block controller;
• a sensor showing the position of the steering wheel;
• pressure sensor in the brake system.

Exchange rate stability proved to be high efficiency on icy roads, helping the driver in difficult situations

Distance control system between moving vehicles

SARD is an electronic system for maintaining the required, predetermined distance between cars, operating in automatic mode. The effectiveness of the SARD is possible at speeds up to 180 km / h and works in conjunction with the speed control system, allowing the driver to drive the car in more comfortable conditions.

Lane change assist system

Designed to control the environment when maneuvering on the track. It allows using radar to control the dead zone around the car and warns the driver about the occurrence of obstacles while driving, prevents traffic accidents.

Electronic car parking system

Designed to ensure the safety of maneuvers when parking a car. Electronic system consists of several ultrasonic sensors that transmit information to the driver about possible obstacles using special sound and visual signals. Signal sensors operate in the mode of receiving and transmitting a signal and allow you to use them with the greatest efficiency.

Rear View Camera

Designed to transmit visual images behind the car. The combined use of sound sensors and a rear view camera prevents collision situations with obstacles behind the vehicle during maneuvers.

Auxiliary Bluetooth system

Bluetooth - provides mobile communications For various devices installed on the vehicle:

• telephone;
• laptop.

Helps the driver to be less distracted from the road. Ensuring safety and comfort when driving a car.

Consists of blocks:

• electronic transceiver unit;
• antennas.

Cruise control

Helps the driver by increasing driving comfort.

Maintains a given vehicle speed, regardless of the terrain, on the slopes and ascents of the road. It has control with the addition of speed and speed limit, there is also a memorization of the set limit. It turns off when you press the brake or clutch pedal, it also has its own switch. When you press the gas pedal vehicle accelerates, after releasing, returns to its speed limit.

The user has the opportunity to significantly simplify and automate the use of vehicle systems, taking into account autonomous control.

Electronic diagnostics of vehicle systems is carried out at the passage of each Maintenance official dealer. A paper is issued on the presence of malfunctions with a printout of error codes. However, there is a slight difference between installed equipment and regular. For standard equipment, the dealer is obliged to provide repairs and its diagnostics, but for installed equipment, it may refuse you, especially if the equipment was installed in garage conditions with the introduction into the wiring and changing the algorithms of work. In such situations, if the machine is under warranty, then you can lose warranty service. Be careful when installing additional equipment!

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Today we will talk about systems active safety cars, since almost every modern car already has such systems, but not many car buyers know about them.

In tact with the development of electronic technology and digital technology, the car has also changed beyond recognition.

Technology doesn't stand still

And if only some 20-30 years ago the traction control system was an indispensable attribute of premium cars, today it is already in minimum configuration on many brands of budget cars.

Today, the lion's share of electronic systems in a car is one way or another included in the set of so-called active safety.

These electronic systems will help inexperienced driver keep the car on its trajectory, overcome steep slopes and climbs, carry out accident-free parking and even go around an obstacle without skidding during emergency braking.

Moreover, many modern electronic systems have "learned" to follow the "dead zone", lateral interval and distance, they can recognize markings, road signs and even pedestrians crossing the roadway.

We have already partially touched on this topic in the article.

But this is by no means an exhaustive list of auxiliary electronic systems. For comfortable driving on country roads, many cars are equipped with adaptive systems.

It is thanks to them that the driver can take a kind of timeout and only follow the road, and everything else, including keeping the distance, the trajectory of movement and throttle control, will be done by electronics.

And if the driver is too relaxed or even dozed off, he will be awakened by an electronic system that monitors the behavior of the driver.

It seems that the future, when the car will also be auto-driven, is very close? May be.

But, while electronic systems have not only admirers, but also opponents.

They argue that the abundance of electronic systems only prevents the driver from expressing himself, and in some cases, electronics even exacerbate the situation.

Before taking the side of one or the other, you should first understand how electronic security systems work, what troubles they help to avoid and in what cases they are “powerless”.

ABS (Anti-block Braking System)

Anti-lock braking system.

It is under this abbreviation that it is customary to hide the very anti-lock braking system, which not only became the first electronic driver assistant, but also served as the basis for the creation of many other electronic active safety systems on its basis.

The anti-lock braking system itself prevents complete blocking wheels when braking and keeps the car steerable even on slippery surfaces.

First similar system was installed on Mercedes-Benz cars in the early 70s of the last century.

The modern anti-lock braking system significantly reduces the braking distance during emergency braking on slippery road surfaces.

The principle of operation of the modern one is in the cycles of relieving and raising the pressure of the brake fluid in the circuits leading to the actuators of the wheels.

Electronics controls the valves, receiving information from wheel rotation sensors.

When the rotation of any of the wheels stops, the electronic impulses from the sensor are no longer transmitted to the central processor.

Get into action immediately solenoid valves relieving pressure, the locked wheel is released, after which the valves close again, raising the pressure in the brake circuits.

This process is cyclical, with a frequency of about 8 to 12 lift and release cycles per second, as long as the driver holds the brake pedal.

The driver feels ABS work by the pulsating beat of the brake pedal.

Modern anti-lock braking systems allow not only to carry out the so-called intermittent braking, but also to control the braking forces of the wheels on each axle, depending on their slippage. This system is called EBD, but we will talk about it later.

Disadvantages of ABS

But, every medal has another side.

The main problem of any ABS is that the electronics almost completely replace the driver in braking control, leaving him only to passively press the pedal.

The system is activated with some delay, since the processor needs time to evaluate the braking forces and the condition of the road surface.

Usually these are fractions of a second, but as practice shows, very often they are enough for the car to enter a skid.

Also, ABS can play another cruel joke with the driver on slippery surfaces. The thing is that at speeds less than 10 km / h, the ABS is automatically turned off.

This means that if the driver managed to slow down to a value below the system shutdown threshold in very slippery road, and in front of him is an obstacle in the form of a pillar, a chipper or parked car most likely, the driver will keep the brake pedal depressed.

And this can easily turn into a minor traffic accident in icy conditions.

It is at the moment of deactivation of the auxiliary system that the driver must take over full control braking.

When the rear wheels lock up, the valves release the pressure to an even lower value.

When the rear wheel speed increases, the valves close and the pressure builds up again.

The system works in conjunction with ABS and is its complementary part.

She came to replace the famous "sorcerer" - a mechanical brake force regulator that turns off the brake circuits of the rear wheels, depending on the inclination of the car body.

ASR (Automatic Slip Regulation)

Anti-slip system.

This electronic active safety system is designed to prevent the vehicle's drive wheels from spinning.

Currently, it is installed on many modern cars, including all-wheel drive crossovers and SUVs.

Many car manufacturers may have traction control different names. But the principle of operation is almost the same and is based on the work anti-lock braking system braking.

ASR also includes control systems for electronic differential lock and engine traction control.

The principle of its operation is based on a short-term blocking of a slipping wheel and the transfer of torque to another wheel on the same axle on low speeds movement.

At high (over 80 km / h) speeds, slip is controlled by adjusting the throttle opening angle.

Unlike ABS and EBD system ASR, when reading the wheel speed sensors, compares not only the stationary and spinning wheel, but also the difference in angular speeds, driven and driven.

The control of short-term blocking of the drive wheels is carried out according to a similar cyclic principle.

Depending on the make and model of the vehicle, the ASR system is able to control tractive effort engine by changing the throttle opening angle, blocking fuel injection, changing the fuel injection advance angle in a diesel engine or the ignition advance angle, as well as controlling the software algorithm for shifting robotic or automatic box gears.

Activated with a button.

Disadvantages of ASR

One of significant shortcomings of this system is the constant activation of the brake linings when the drive wheels slip.

This means that they will wear out much faster than brake pads conventional car not equipped with ASR.

Therefore, the owner of the car, often using traction control system should monitor the thickness of the working layer on the brake linings much more carefully.

Electronic Stability Program

Electronic system of exchange rate stability (stabilization).

Currently, many automakers call this system differently.

Some automakers call it a "motion stabilization system." Others - "system of exchange rate stability." But the essence of her work from this practically does not change.

As its name implies, this electronic active safety system is designed to maintain control and stabilize the vehicle in the event of a deviation from a straight-line trajectory.

For some time now, the equipment of cars along with ABS has been mandatory in the USA, as well as in Europe.

The system is able to stabilize the vehicle's trajectory during acceleration, braking, and maneuvering.

Actually, ESP is an "intelligent" electronic system that provides security at a higher level.

It includes all other electronic systems (ABS, EBD, ASR, etc.) and monitors their most efficient and coordinated work.

The "eyes" of ESP are not only wheel speed sensors, but also pressure sensors in the main brake cylinder, steering wheel rotation sensors, and frontal and lateral vehicle acceleration sensors.

In addition, ESP controls engine traction and automatic transmission. The system itself determines the onset of a critical situation, monitoring the adequacy of the driver's actions and the trajectory of the car.

In a situation where the actions of the driver (pedaling, turning the steering wheel) differ from the trajectory of the car (due to the presence of sensors), the system is activated.

Depending on the type emergency, ESP will stabilize the movement by braking the wheels, controlling engine speed, and even the angle of rotation of the front wheels and the stiffness of the shock absorbers (with active steering and suspension control systems).

By braking the wheels, ESP prevents the car from skidding and pulling to the side when passing sharp turns.

For example, with an inadequate trajectory when passing a turn with a small radius, ESP slows down the internal rear wheel, while changing the engine speed, which helps to keep the car on a given trajectory.

The engine torque is regulated by the ASR system.

In all-wheel drive vehicles, the torque in the transmission is controlled by a center differential.

Modern ESP system can rely on the work of other systems: control emergency braking(Brake Assistant), collision avoidance systems (Braking Guard), as well as electronic differential lock (EDS).

When operating a car equipped with an intelligent electronic stability control system, the car owner must be aware of more intensive wear brake discs and overlays.

And also about the psychological moment - a false sense of security, which lies in the fact that all the driver's mistakes when choosing the speed of movement, underestimation slippery surface or the distance to the vehicle ahead ESP is able to correct in a timely manner.

After all, despite the ever-improving electronic active safety systems driving skills and no one has yet canceled responsibility for their own lives and the lives of passengers.

It is this rule that should always be remembered, even when driving in the company of electronic assistants.

The following additional functions (subsystems) can be implemented in the design of the course stability system: hydraulic brake booster, rollover prevention, collision prevention, road train stabilization, increase in brake efficiency when heated, removal of moisture from brake discs, etc.

All of these systems, in general, do not have their own structural elements, but are a software extension of the ESP system.

ROP rollover prevention system(Roll Over Prevention) stabilizes the movement of the car in the event of a rollover threat. Rollover prevention is achieved by reducing lateral acceleration by braking the front wheels and reducing engine torque. Additional pressure in the brake system is generated by an active brake booster.

Collision avoidance system(Braking Guard) can be implemented in a vehicle equipped with adaptive cruise control. The system prevents the danger of a collision by means of visual and audible signals and, in an emergency, by pressurizing the brake system ( automatic start return pump).

Train stabilization system can be implemented in a vehicle equipped with a towing device. The system prevents trailer yaw when the vehicle is moving, which is achieved by braking the wheels or reducing torque.

FBS Hot Brake Improvement System(Fading Brake Support, another name - Over Boost) prevents insufficient adhesion of brake pads to brake discs that occurs during heating, by additionally increasing the pressure in the brake actuator.

Brake Disc Moisture Removal System activated at speeds over 50 km/h and the wipers on. The principle of operation of the system is to briefly increase the pressure in the front wheel circuit, due to which brake pads are pressed against the disks and moisture evaporates.

Driver assistance systems

Driver support functions or systems are designed to assist the driver in performing certain maneuvers or in certain situations. Thus, they increase the driving comfort and safety. Such systems, as a rule, do not interfere with management in critical situations, but are always on and can be turned off if desired.

Hill Descent Assist

Hill Descent Control, also called HDC (Hill Descent Control), helps the driver when driving on mountain roads. When the car is on an inclined plane, the force of gravity acting on it is decomposed, according to the parallelogram rule, into normal and parallel components.

The latter represents the rolling force acting on the car. If the car is affected own strength traction, then it is added to the rolling force. The rolling force acts on the car constantly, regardless of the speed of the car. As a result, a car rolling down an inclined plane will accelerate all the time, i.e., move faster, the longer it rolls down.

Principle of operation:

Hill Descent Assist is activated when the following conditions are met:

The vehicle speed is less than 20 km/h,

Slope exceeds 20-,

The engine is running

Neither the gas pedal nor the brake pedal is pressed.

If these conditions are met and the information received by the downhill assist about the position of the accelerator pedal, engine speed and wheel speed indicate an increase in vehicle speed, the assistant assumes that the vehicle is rolling downhill and the brakes must be applied. The system starts at a speed that is slightly faster than walking speed.

The speed of the vehicle that the brake assistant must maintain (by braking all wheels) depends on the speed at which the downhill movement was started and the gear selected. In this case, the downhill assist switches on the return pump. valves high pressure And intake valves ABS open and exhaust valves ABS and changeover valves are closed. IN brake cylinders wheel is being created brake pressure and the car slows down. When the vehicle speed has dropped to the desired speed, the hill descent control stops braking the wheels and reduces the pressure in the brake system again. If after that the speed starts to increase (while the accelerator pedal is not pressed), the assistant assumes that the car is still moving downhill. In this way, the vehicle speed is constantly kept within a safe range that can be easily controlled and controlled by the driver.

The main electronic systems of a modern car

It is already difficult to imagine a modern car without various electronic systems that control and monitor the operation of various components and assemblies. At present, widespread onboard systems control based on electronic control units (ECU).
All electronic units according to their functional purpose can be classified into three main control systems: engine; transmission and running gear; interior equipment and vehicle safety.
A wide variety of engine control systems have been developed and mass-produced in the world. These systems, according to the principle of operation, have much in common, but also differ significantly.
Control system gasoline engine ensures optimal performance by controlling the injection. fuel, ignition timing, engine idling speed and diagnostics. Electronic control system diesel engine controls the amount of injected fuel, the moment of injection start, the current of the torch plug, etc.
In the electronic transmission control system, the object of regulation is mainly automatic transmission. Based on the signals from the throttle angle sensors and vehicle speed, the ECU selects the optimal transmission ratio and clutch engagement time. The electronic control system of the transmission increases the accuracy of regulation compared to the previously used hydromechanical system gear ratio, simplifies the control mechanism, increases efficiency and controllability. Chassis control includes control of the processes of movement, changes in the trajectory and braking of the car. They affect the suspension, steering and brake system, ensure the maintenance set speed movement.
Interior equipment management is designed to increase the comfort and consumer value of the car. For this purpose, air conditioning, an electronic instrument panel, a multifunctional information system, a compass, headlights, a windshield wiper with intermittent mode operation, lamp burnt out indicator, reverse obstacle detection device power windows, adjustable seats. Electronic security systems include: anti-theft devices, communication equipment, central locking of door locks, security modes, etc.

Every electronic system in a modern car is controlled by an electronic control unit (ECU). They relate to brakes, transmission, suspension, security system, air conditioner, navigation and more. In terms of functionality, ECUs are as similar to each other as the corresponding control systems are. Actual differences can be large, but the power supply, interaction with relays and other solenoid loads are identical for most different ECUs. One of the most important is the engine control unit. The list of electronic control units (ECU) shown defines the variety of installed electronic systems, in this case the example of the Audi A6

Variety of ECUs in modern car on the example of the Audi A6

1. Control box auxiliary heater
2. Block ABS control brakes with EDS
3. Control unit for maintaining a safe distance
4. Tire pressure monitoring transmitter, front left
5. Control box onboard network
6. Control unit in the driver's door
7. Block access control and start
8. Control unit in the instrument cluster
9. Control box electronic devices on the steering column
10. Control unit for telephone, telematics system
11. Engine control unit
12. Climatronic control unit
13. Seat adjustment control unit with memory and steering column adjustment;;
14. Adjustment control unit ground clearance; headlight range control unit
15. CD changer; CD-ROM drive
16. Control unit in the rear left door
17. Air-Bag system control unit
18. Vehicle rotation speed sensor around the vertical axis
19. Door control unit front passenger
20. Front passenger seat adjustment control unit with memory
21. Control unit in the rear right door
22. Tire pressure monitoring transmitter, rear left
23. Parking heater radio
24. Navigation system control unit with CD drive; voice input control unit;;
25. Tire pressure monitoring transmitter, rear right
26. Parking aid control unit
27. Central control unit for the comfort system
28. Electric parking "manual" brake control unit
29. Power supply control unit (battery manager)

Currently, the most important and economically justified is the widespread introduction of electronic systems to improve the performance and reduce the cost of operating the engine and transmission, as well as systems to improve safety.

Today you will not surprise anyone with an abundance of electronics in a car, especially high class. The number of electronic systems and components in a car is so large and varied that sometimes you can get confused in all its abundance.

E automotive electronics and troubleshooting of cars of Russian and foreign production. Here you will find a description, device and principles of operation of the whole variety of electronic systems of a modern car.
All materials and software posted on the site and available for download are non-commercial and distributed free of charge. and do not imply liability for possible damage caused to you or your car as a result of inept or incorrect use of materials and programs.
Amendments, additions, on the subject of the site are welcome. If you have programs, articles or interesting links, please send it.

Electronic systems of a modern car on the example of the Audi A6

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