An air blower is the best way to increase power! Do-it-yourself turbocharger installation Do-it-yourself steam turbines from a starter.

Probably not a single motorist will refuse to increase the engine power of his car. It can be done different ways. Some of them are labor intensive, some are not. Today we will talk about increasing engine power in a relatively easy way: installing a turbocharger with your own hands.

What is a turbocharger and what does it consist of

In short, a turbocharger is a device for pumping compressed air into the engine cylinders.

And now we will deal with this device in more detail.

The engine works because the air-fuel mixture supplied to the cylinders is constantly burning in it. The optimum ratio of fuel and air in this mixture depends on the type of engine. The dimensions of the cylinders are also important: they limit the volume of the mixture supplied. The turbocharger eliminates this limitation. During the intake stroke, it supplies more air to the cylinders, further enriching the mixture. When burned, it releases much more energy, increasing engine power by 20-40%. Turbochargers are of two types:

1. Mechanical.
2. Electrical.

Mechanical turbocharger uses energy exhaust gases: they are fed to the turbine impeller, causing it to rotate. On the same shaft are the compressor blades, which create the necessary air flow injected into the cylinders.

Electric turbochargers are relatively new. They don't work traffic fumes. These devices are pressurized using separate compact electric compressors.

Advantages and disadvantages of a compressor in a car

At first glance, it may seem that there should not be any problems due to the installation of a turbocharger. But it's not. This device has several disadvantages, and in especially severe cases it can be a real danger to the driver. The advantages of the turbine are obvious:

• engine power is increased by 20–45% (the degree of power increase depends both on the volume and type of engine, and on the compressor model);
• mechanical compressor reuses exhaust gases, and therefore benefits the environment;

Now let's move on to the cons.

• as the fuel-air mixture becomes richer, its combustion temperature increases. The engine heats up more, as a result of which the pistons and valves burn out faster, the cooling system wears out faster;
• an engine with an overheated compressor may explode. In the literal sense of the word;
• even if none of the above happened, the use of a turbocharger significantly reduces the life of any engine;

Preparing to install a turbocharger with your own hands

• First you need to decide on the model of the turbocharger. It should be chosen based on the type of engine, its volume, as well as the power that the car owner plans to receive after installation;
• check (and, if necessary, replace) oil and air filters;
• then it is necessary to check the level and quality of the oil in the engine and the condition of the oil lines. In no case should dirt be allowed to enter the oil line when the compressor is running;
• the condition of the catalytic converter is checked. If a mechanical compressor is to be used, a clogged catalyst can create fuel system excess exhaust gases, which will lead to overheating of the turbocharger;
• you should also check the condition of the air pipes. If there is a lot of dirt in them, they should definitely be washed in kerosene;

How to install a turbocharger

First, we list everything that is required for work.

Tools and Consumables

1. Set of spanners.
2. Open-end wrench set.
3. Set of collars for air branch pipes.
4. The screwdriver is flat.
5. Turbocharger.
6. A piece of thin wire with a diameter of 2 mm.
7. Turbine oil tank.
8. Container with kerosene.
9. Rags.

Sequence of operations when installing a turbocharger

• the hood of the car opens, the carburetor and air filter are removed;
• using open-end wrenches, all air pipes are unscrewed and washed in kerosene (if this operation is not possible, the removed pipes can be wiped with a rag soaked in gasoline, but kerosene is still preferable);
• with the help of a wire, all channels through which air enters the engine are cleaned;
• the turbocharger is connected to the air supply system and securely fixed;
• branch pipes for air injection and exhaust gas outlet are also fixed with special clamps;
• the turbocharger shaft is turned several times by hand, at the same time a little turbine oil is poured into the device. The turbine rotor should not stop at the same time;
• air filter, carburetor and pipes are installed on regular places, after which the car engine starts for high revs. The machine must be allowed to run for at least 15 seconds, after which it must be re-examination engine;
• if no problems are identified, the installation of a turbocharger can be considered successful;

Video: installation of a turbocharger on a VAZ 2109

Important points for working with a turbocharged engine

• to turbocharged engine served for a long time, it should be thoroughly warmed up before each trip on low revs for at least 2 minutes;
• the oil poured into the turbocharger must be of high quality. Yes, it is expensive, but saving in this case will not lead to anything good;
• it is necessary to regularly monitor the condition of both air and oil filters vehicle, since even slight contamination of these elements can cause irreparable damage to the engine;
• it should be remembered that a turbocharged engine needs to be run in. It should not be subjected to serious stress until it has traveled at least 2 thousand kilometers. All this time, the pressure in the compressor should not exceed 0.6 bar;
• the engine with the compressor should not be turned off immediately. It's better to let him work for idling at least one minute. This will cool the turbine;

Despite a number of disadvantages, after installing the turbocharger, the driver is waiting for a change for the better. The engine will not only increase power, but also seriously reduce “gluttony”, since in a turbocharged car about 30% of unburned gasoline is not emitted into the atmosphere, but is reused. So if the above precautions are observed, the driver will not only be able to drive faster, but also save a lot.

Many drivers very often face the problem of insufficient engine power. Especially often the question of increasing power is asked by the owners domestic cars, for example, VAZ brands, or old foreign cars. Oddly enough, one of best solutions to date, the installation of a turbocharger remains. This upgrade, of course, will increase gasoline consumption, but the engine power will also increase significantly. Moreover, there is no need to contact service center or at the service station, it is quite possible to install this system with your own hands.

What is turbocharging?

And so, you already understood that turbocharging (or as it is also called “turbine”) is good way increase the performance of the engine, but let's take a closer look at how it works.

The first thing I want to say is that the turbine is very useful for environment thing. The usefulness lies in the fact that the operation of this unit is based on the consumption of energy from already exhaust gases.

Exhaust gases enter the turbine impeller. As a result, the impeller spins, and with it the compressor blades, which are located on the same shaft, are set in motion. The advantages of this system are:

• Increase in power by 30-40% due to low fuel consumption;
• Benefits for the environment;
• Possibility of installation on any brand of car;
• Possibility of installation with your own hands.

Spinning up, the compressor pumps air into the engine cylinders, i.e. gasoline begins to be enriched with air more strongly, and enriched air-fuel mixture, under pressure created by artificial boost, and not under vacuum in large volumes, comes to the cylinders, where it burns out.

Of course, due to the creation high power due to the combustion of large volumes of fuel and the injection of oxygen, the entire system heats up quite strongly at the end of the compression stroke, so that even an explosion is possible, but the inventors this mechanism figured out how to negate the likelihood of such an outcome. The solution is quite simple, the turbocharger is equipped with an intercooler, which, in fact, is a radiator for cooling the air and, accordingly, the entire system.

The process of self-installation of turbocharging

In order to put this device on the engine with your own hands, you first need to understand one thing, regardless of the brand of car, turbine model and other trifles, the principle of operation of any such unit is almost identical, so that the work carried out in 95% of cases will be approximately the same.

Well, let's start, but you need to start by removing it from the engine air filter and carburetor. This is done because the intake pipe is installed in the place where the carburetor is located, and the regular exhaust pipe from the carburetor is simply removed. It will also not be superfluous to fix the entire structure with normal bolts, for greater reliability. The exhaust pipe will be replaced with exhaust manifold studs, and the exhaust pipe of the muffler will be inserted from below.

Now our turbine must be fixed on the horizontal flange of the same pipe. When these steps have been completed, it is necessary to insert an ending with a seal ring for the outlet pipe into the exhaust tract of the turbocharging (it has a cylindrical shape).

As for the rectangular flange on the pipe, it is attached to the downpipe with a copper gasket. This gives the necessary indicator of rigidity and strength of fastening.

The next step is to connect the air inlet and outlet pipe to a similar part of the compressor of our system. This is done using a connecting pipe. It has a diameter of 50 millimeters and is fixed with plastic clamps. At the outlet of the compressor, one more pipe should be installed, but already aluminum. After that, you can begin to return its native carburetor to the engine system. To do this, with our own hands, using standard studs, we attach it to the horizontal flange using the native gasket.

Next, you need to dismantle the plate, which is located on the head cover of the block, but do not mix it up, there are several of them, and you need to dismantle the second one with right side. In its place, a drive bracket is installed throttle valve, which is responsible for the distribution and dosage of air flows, fuel, and now exhaust.

Now it is necessary to fix the gas pipeline of the hydraulic vacuum booster. It is attached to a specially designed fitting of the inlet pipe. Further, the reading sensors of the devices are attached to this whole case in order to monitor the performance of the system. To complete all the work, do not forget to replace the ventilation filter and the pipe for crankcase ventilation.

Conclusion

So, as you can see, install a turbocharger on the engine internal combustion whether diesel or gasoline engine, is no problem. All you need to read this article and imagine a little internal organization"heart of the machine" If you are unsure of something, you can always get advice on this issue from specialists at the service station.

When a turbo is installed on your car, you will experience a significant increase in revs, increased vehicle dynamics and increased acceleration. All these gigantic advantages are achieved with only a slight increase in fuel consumption, so I think putting this device on your “ iron horse”, the owner will only benefit.

Not really

At the dawn of the automotive industry, engineers solved the issue of increasing the power of internal combustion engines, as they say, head-on - they increased the number and size of cylinders. However, the practicality of such developments, even in times of cheap oil, was a big question. The air blower allowed me to solve this problem with my own hands.

1 Turbochargers - what did the engineers face?

It's hard to imagine, but back in 1909, a car with an internal combustion engine set a speed record of 200 km / h - an incredible achievement for those times. It is even more difficult to imagine the volume of the engine, thanks to which it was possible to disperse the car to such a speed - 28 liters! There was even no question of launching such units in mass production, because their maintenance with their own hands was almost impossible, due to the huge dimensions of the engine.

Fortunately, further developments automotive engineers were carried out in the direction of reducing the volume while maintaining capacity, as well as simplifying the design. In order for a car to become mass-produced, it should be given the opportunity to repair it with your own hands - this is how the first automakers thought and were absolutely right.

Thanks to the appearance of the supercharger, it was possible, while maintaining all the parameters, to immediately increase the power by as much as 50%! Today, it will not be difficult for an experienced motorist to install one of the popular turbo mode systems with their own hands.

It is not at all difficult to imagine the principle of operation of such a device, even for a primary school student. The operation of the motor is provided permanent combustion fuel-air mixture which enters the engine cylinders. Depending on the capabilities of the engine and its modes of operation, the optimal ratio of air and fuel is set. Under normal conditions, the volume of fuel assemblies is limited by the size of the cylinder - the mixture enters the chamber due to the rarefaction at the intake stroke.

The air blower allows more fuel-air mixture to be injected into the intake cylinder. More fuel assemblies - more energy during combustion, more power unit. It would seem that everything is as simple as twice two, but it was not without nuances. An increase in engine power in this way led to whole line problems. The main one is the increase in the amount of thermal energy during the combustion of the mixture, which in turn leads to the rapid burning of pistons, valves, and breakdown of the cooling system. And it is far from always possible to eliminate the consequences with their own hands.

In addition, with an increase in the volume of fuel assemblies, the chance of engine detonation increases in the literal sense of the word. Even without detonation premature wear unit is guaranteed. To decrease Negative consequences for a car (it is impossible to completely avoid them), it is customary to use high-octane fuel, as well as decompression. In the first case, you have to pay a lot of money with your own hands, and in the second, the power is significantly reduced.

2 Air blower - how to pour power into the engine?

With the development of the automotive industry, various ways air compression. Many developments have confidently reached our days. So, let's figure out what methods of boost exist:

1. Mechanical - the "father" of superchargers, which arose almost immediately after the appearance of the DVZ. Such boost is driven by the crankshaft of the motor.
2. Electric - more modern version turbocharging, in which excessive pressure in the cylinders creates an electric compressor.
3. Turbocharging - the supercharger in such a system is powered by the pressure of the exhaust gases and the compressor.
4. Combined boost - combination various systems, most often mechanical and turbo.

As a rule, such systems are not serially installed on cars, which gives motorists many opportunities for tuning with their own hands.

3 Mechanical air turbocharger - we improve the car with our own hands!

The most efficient turbo mode on injection gasoline engines. Carburetor-type motors can also work with a mechanical supercharger, however, they need some do-it-yourself refinement, in particular, the installation of jets with an increased cross section and other measures. In case of injection engine it all comes down to the new firmware.

The mechanical supercharger, powered by the engine crankshaft, has an undoubted advantage - it works absolutely synchronously with the unit and in turbo mode provides a uniform air supply in accordance with the engine speed. However, such a device will take part of the engine power for its work.

The most common building options mechanical superchargers, which you can install with your own hands, are three types:

• Centrifugal apparatus - used both independently as a compressor, and in combination with other devices. The principle of operation is quite simple - the blades rotating on high speed, capture air and are thrown into the body, which has a snail shape. At the outlet of the housing, the air flow acquires the pressure necessary for the turbo mode. The low cost of the device and the ability to install it yourself made it the most popular. However, there are enough difficulties in his work, in particular, with maintenance.
• Supercharger ROOTS - represents the rotor blades, which are placed in a closed housing. Air is captured at the inlet, due to high speed rotation of the blades, the air acquires more high pressure at the exit. Main disadvantage devices of this type - uneven feed air flow, which causes pressure pulsation in turbo mode. However, relatively quiet operation, reliability and compactness make motorists put up with even such a drawback. With certain skills in handling equipment, it will not be difficult for you to install such a boost with your own hands.
• The LYSHOLM supercharger is a representative of the screw-type apparatus. The principle of operation is similar to the previous one - the air flow is created by rotors that rotate at high speed. The main difference between this type of blowers is the small gap between the screws, which causes many difficulties in the design and installation of such products. They are found on cars infrequently and are not cheap. Do-it-yourself installation is not recommended, it is better to contact turbocharging specialists.

4 Turbocharger - do-it-yourself universal boost

For both petrol and diesel engines a turbocharger may be used. This device is a combination of a compressor and a turbine that uses exhaust gas pressure to operate. Latest Device creates a number of problems - the turbine must withstand high temperatures and a huge rotation speed, which means that the materials for its manufacture must be heavy-duty. The compressor removes some of the load from the turbine, which allows the complex as a whole to cope with its task.

The disadvantage of the device is a certain delay in the turbo mode - it takes time for the turbine to spin up to the required number of revolutions after pressing the pedal.

However, modern units also solve this problem, mainly due to the presence of additional superchargers. Unlike a turbocharger, you will not feel any delay after pressing the pedal in the case of an electric compressor - the device, which is most often combined with a centrifugal turbine, starts working already at low and medium speeds, and the turbine is connected at high. Electric blower air is quite simple to implement - no complex systems and devices are required to install it, so it is quite feasible to improve a car with your own hands with its help.

Today I want to raise an interesting topic, in principle, this is a logical continuation of the article,. If we jump ahead a little on the topic, it turns out that now all turbocharged engines use mechanical air compressors, this approach has many pluses and many minuses. But recently, many companies began to think about electric turbines that will not use the exhaust gases of a car, and also will not have mechanical connections and drives, and an electric motor will pump air, which will be “powered” by onboard system …

The idea is good! After all, many disadvantages of mechanical systems can be avoided, especially turbines that operate from exhaust gases, such as:

2) Turbine cooling

3) Engine oil lubrication

4) Oil consumption

5) Well, and of course the resource

If you draw a line, you can understand that mechanical systems are far from ideal. Of course they will be more reliable. However, they also have disadvantages, this is the same drive that uses a conventional belt for operation, which wears out over time.

In general, the developers thought and realized that mechanics can be replaced with electrics! Or not?

Structure principle

It should be noted that now some German manufacturers have such superchargers in the structure of their engines. And they are placed, as you understand, in the air intake system. The first to use such superchargers Mercedes, BMW and AUDI.

The principle here is simple - a powerful "fan" is installed, which creates a pressure of about 0.5 atmospheres (and possibly more). powered by electrical systems car, it pumps additional oxygen into the engine needed to increase power. With fuel supply settings, you can achieve a significant increase - about 20 - 30%.

An electric turbine should also be tuned to certain speeds, for example, at idle it should work more slowly, and at high speeds, respectively, faster. It turns out almost the perfect system! But what's the catch, where are the cons? And you know they are.

Cons of the electric option

Many of my readers think that it is very easy to make such a system, you need to take some kind of cooler and insert it into the air intake pipe, and here it is happiness! Such “miracle coolers” are usually sold in Chinese online stores, we will talk about such types below.

However, the guys here are not so simple. In normal (idle) mode, naturally aspirated engine 1.6 liters consumes approximately 300 - 400 liters of air per hour of operation. And at high speeds, let's say at 4000 - 5000, we multiply this figure by 4 - 5, that is, 1200 - 1600 liters. Just imagine this volume! If you calculate the minute consumption 300/60 = 5 liters per minute, or 20 at high speeds.

So - the electric turbine should increase this figure, and not slow it down! If you put weak engine, he won't pump the right pressure, and will create the effect " airlock”, that is, with its blades it will slow down the flow of air into the engine - interfere with the normal passage.

Now imagine what kind of electric version of the engine is needed to pump such a volume! I repeat, to increase performance, you need at least 6 - 7 liters of air at idle, and 25 at high, and this is for the 1.6 liter version, more is needed for large volumes.

If we draw an analogy with German manufacturers, then at least a brushless 0.5 kW electric motor is used there, which rotates at a frantic speed, can reach up to 20,000 and its pressure capacity is from 1 to 5 atmospheres.

For more powerful cars, apply more powerful engines up to 0.7 kW.

As it becomes clear, a standard generator may not be able to handle such electricity consumption, so it is replaced with a more powerful one, or an additional one is installed.

And as you know high consumption energy simply slows down the generators, and therefore increases the braking of the engine, which will affect its output, and the efficiency decreases.

However, the experiments carried out revealed an increase in productivity, by about 20 - 30% this is significant. But due to the complexity and high cost of devices, application on cars has not yet been mass-produced.

For example, mechanical compressors are much cheaper and more efficient. Sometimes the difference in price can reach 5 - 7 times.

A few words about Chinese electric turbines

Literally 2 years ago, "autointernet" just exploded from electric turbines from China. A small "thing" was offered, which was installed in the gap of the air intake hose, which supposedly forced air with pressure into the engine, the promised increase in power up to - 15%! The engine itself was an incomprehensible cooler, neither electricity consumption, nor revolutions, nor pumped air - there were no indicators. If you disassemble it even visually, it becomes clear that this is a cooler similar to advanced computer ones, what can it increase? NOTHING! So just do not buy - it's a DIVORCE.

Now, of course, others begin to appear on the same Chinese sites electric turbines, many are even made in the shape of a snail - ala mechanical compressor. But again, there are no pressure indicators, no consumption, no air pumping. Think before you buy. Let's watch an educational video.

Is it possible to make an electric version with your own hands

Hypothetically, it is possible, and many install this on their car. Personally, I also thought about installing it on my car, but the price stopped me.

You need to decide a number of points:

1) Definitely installing a powerful generator, which is already expensive for a foreign car.

2) A powerful and compact electric motor, preferably a brushless one, it gives high speed with optimal energy consumption. Personally, I have seen such compact models, however, with a power of 0.5 kW or more, it is also not cheap.

3) Impeller and housing. You also need to make yourself or buy, for maximum air injection. Also a difficult task.

4) And of course the stabilizer or inverters to power the electric motor.

The tasks are not easy, some foreign cars do not have powerful generators, so it is very difficult to do!

But many craftsmen install them in the garage on their cars, the increase in power can really be achieved up to 20 - 30%.

Moreover, many put an additional air consumption sensor in the pipe in front of the turbine, it “sees” the pumped volume and automatically regulates a large fuel supply (supplies values ​​to the ECU), for enrichment fuel mixture. So the firmware may not be needed.

People began to use steam as a driving force at the very beginning of our era. Engines that are built according to this principle become part of many appliances and machines suitable for various needs both in industry and at home. But now, thanks scientific and technological progress, everyone with the help of simple tools and materials (which are in any store of household goods) can understand how a turbine is made with their own hands. So here are the items you need:

Do it yourself

So, after all the materials and tools are collected, you can get to work. First of all, take two covers and cut circles out of them. They will different size: one is equal in diameter to the neck of the can, which in the future product will become one of the most important parts - a steam boiler; choose the parameters of the second, based on what size turbine you want to get. But this is only the first stage. Next, it will be seen how the turbine is made by hand.

Now we need aluminum rivets. Take one of them (its size should be equal to fourteen millimeters) and with a hammer, tapping evenly from all sides, make a nozzle. The diameter of the resulting product will reach 0.6 millimeters. After that, take the lid that will close the steam boiler, and make a couple of holes in it: one for the nozzle, the other for the filler. Moreover, the second must be done as close to the edge as possible, so that after that there will be no problems with it. It is worth remembering that the turbine is not easy to do with your own hands, but the result is a device that is very useful in the household.

Using a soldering iron, connect the nut and nozzle to the cover. When soldering the second part, you should use an aluminum flux or a universal soldering liquid, for example, marked F59A. After that, solder the lid to the jar, having previously cleaned the surfaces to be connected from the polymer coating with sandpaper. It remains to do quite a bit, and you will show off with your own hands made at home.

Next, you need to take the second circle, from which we will make the turbine itself. To do this, it must first be divided into four identical sectors, and then mark each of them into two parts and repeat this operation with the details. So, it turned out sixteen blades. But they are not ready yet. Each of the parts must be cut along to the middle of the radius and bent with pliers in one direction. In the center of this design, the rivet head will be soldered. As you can see, a do-it-yourself turbine is made, albeit for a long time, but not so difficult.

Now you need to take a strip of tin. A holder for the turbine will be made from it. To do this, you need to bend this material into the shape of the letter "P". At the same time, make sure that the width of the part is equal to the length of two rivets or exceeds it. After that, you need to solder the turbine into the holder so that its blades can rotate as freely as possible, and the main rod of the rivet becomes the axis. The turbine, made with your own hands, is almost ready, it remains only to perform a couple of simple operations: attach the holder and the steam boiler from the can to each other, and also make a stand for this entire structure from Attention: make sure that the blades do not cling to other parts of the product during rotation .

Try

So, here's how to use a steam turbine. First you need to use a plastic bottle to fill the jar with water up to half. After that, close the hole in the lid to eliminate the leakage of steam. It remains only to heat the water using one of the above methods to make the simple mechanism work. gas turbine do it yourself in exactly the same way, only instead of water you will need to use, as the name suggests, one gas. But this must be done with great care and it is advisable to take the help of a professional.