Many have encountered such a slight inconvenience in the operation of a standard VAZ 2109 wiper: when the windshield washer is turned on for a short time, the brushes make 3 strokes, although the last stroke of the brush is already done on dry glass, and two strokes would be enough to remove all the water that was sprayed washer.
This inconvenience, as it turned out, is easily eliminated. To do this, we buy a new wiper relay (if something does not work out, it will be possible to insert the old one and thereby not be left without wipers) of type 526.3747, or another similar one - the markings may differ depending on the relay manufacturer. In the diagram of this relay, you need to replace resistor R4. The regular one has a rating of 130 kOhm, we need to put it smaller, within 40 kOhm - 70 kOhm. I have 56 kOhm. You can find one at the points of sale of radio components, it costs a penny, or you can solder it from old equipment.
The location of the relay in the "black box"
Wiper relay diagram VAZ 2109
The internal design of such a relay may be different:
Option 1
Option 2
In all cases, the resistor we need is connected to the 4th leg of the microchip. It is highlighted in the pictures above.
By the way, this refinement is also relevant for VAZ 2114-2115, VAZ 2110, Lada Kalina, Lada Granta - for all models where this type of relay is used.
New relays may have a fundamentally different design. For example, I came across such a relay marked 723.3777 from the Energomash plant:
Relay 723.3777 Energomash. We can't change it
We cannot remake such a relay, so we can leave it as a spare (original), and we will re-solder the native one, extracted from the mounting block:
The appearance of the native relay
We figured out the number of strokes of the brushes. Now one more moment.
When you first press the glass washer lever, it usually happens like this: the brushes have already started, but there is still no water on the glass. This is due to the fact that the pump needs time to drive water through the pipes from the reservoir to the washer nozzle. This situation can be corrected by installing a check valve in the tube to prevent water from flowing back into the tank from the tubes when the pump is not running. Personally, I don’t really care about this moment, since the brushes go dry only when they are first turned on, and installing a check valve increases the resistance to the flow of water in the tubes of the already weak washer pump, so I didn’t and don’t plan to do such a refinement on my car.
And for those who want to try, there is such information: you can set the details of the following ratings: R2 - 2.2 kOhm, C2 - 47 microfarads, R4 - 22 kOhm. The value of C2 affects all three parameters of the relay - the delay between strokes, the number of strokes when the washer is turned on and the brush start delay, so options are possible. If anyone succeeds - unsubscribe in the comments.
If there is no desire to redo anything, you can put a special programmable relay. In this case, the brushes will start with a delay of about 0.5 seconds, it is also possible to set a pause between the strokes of the brushes in intermittent mode by manipulating the wiper lever. It is marked 723.3777-01 (similar to 411.3777), for those who are interested - Google and Yandex to help. I would recommend doing the pause adjustment manually the way it is done in .
Together with soldering the resistor in the relay to reduce the number of brush strokes to two, this, in my opinion, is a necessary and sufficient amount of modifications to the VAZ 2109 wiper.
To clean the windshield of a VAZ 2108 car, a windshield wiper driven by an electric motor is used. Windshield wiper VAZ-2108(2109) consists of an electric motor with a gearbox and linkage systems.
Wiper device VAZ-2108.
The electric motor consists of a stator with permanent magnets and an armature with an elongated shaft, at the end of which a screw (worm) is cut. On the side of the worm is a collector and a brush assembly. The brush assembly has three brushes, one negative and two positive, located at different angles relative to the collector. This arrangement provides a different speed of rotation of the armature, necessary to change the frequency of operation of the cleaner.
A gearbox is attached to the electric motor from the collector side, consisting of a helical gear engaged with a worm at the end of the armature shaft. The gear is located on the shaft to which the lever system is attached. On the opposite side of the shaft on the gear is a cam that actuates a movable contact that stops the brushes in the end position.
Recently, a thermal fuse has also been placed in the gearbox to prevent the combustion of the electric motor when the brushes are jammed or frozen. Previously, this fuse was installed on the wiper frame.
Switching the operating modes of the wiper is carried out by the steering column switch, and its operation in the intermittent mode of the wiper relay.
Wiper VAZ-2108 malfunction.
The VAZ-2108 wiper does not work in all modes.
If windshield wiper VAZ-2108 does not work in all modes, it is necessary to check fuse No. 5 and the condition of the gearbox.
When the electric motor is running and the brushes are not moving, it cuts off the teeth on the gear and the worm screw of the shaft does not engage, or cut off the splines of the gear shaft on which the crank is put on. It is also possible that the splines on both wiper arms were sheared, although such a malfunction is very rare.
If the fuse is good, it is necessary to check with a test lamp the presence of voltage on the orange wire suitable for the motor connector. If there is no power, check the condition of contacts 10 of block 11 on the mounting block (located on top of the mounting block) and the integrity of the wires. Often, due to moisture, contacts 10 and 18 of block 11 are subject to corrosion.
If there is no power at terminal 18, the thermal fuse is faulty or the contact in the wiper motor plug is broken. To eliminate this malfunction, it is necessary to replace the defective fuse or short it, in this case, it is necessary to take into account the possibility of burning the electric motor when the brushes are jammed or frozen.
If power is present, set the switch to continuous operation and check for voltage on the blue or blue-orange wire of the motor connector. If there is power, you need to check for a minus on the connector. If the circuit is in good condition, the armature of the electric motor is most likely faulty.
If there is no power, you should check the condition of the contacts connecting the terminal blocks 10,15, 16, 18 and 9 of the block 11 and the conclusions 11, 18, 19 and 20 of the block 3 of the mounting block, the integrity of the wires and the switch. To do this, it is necessary to check the presence of power at the switch terminals according to the diagram below. If there is no power at terminal 53a (yellow wire with white), check the motor connector circuit, yellow wire with a white stripe, terminal 18 of block 11, terminal 11 of block 3, terminal 53a of the switch connector. If there is power at 53a, but there is no switch output, change the switch. If the wiring diagram of the electric motor is correct, and the wiper does not work, the electric motor is faulty.
The intermittent wiper does not work.
In this case, it is necessary to check the health of fuse No. 4 and the health of the wiper relay, which is located in the wiring diagram. The easiest way to test a relay is to replace it with a known good one. If the relay is working, then it is necessary to ring the wires according to the diagram below. If the relay or wiring is faulty, the wipers will not automatically return to the end position and will not work when the windshield washer is turned on.
The fuse burns out.
If the fuse blows immediately after installation with the ignition on, then a short circuit in the yellow-black wire going to the wiper and washer motors. If it burns out after turning on the wiper, then there is a short in the wires going from the switch to the electric motor or the armature of the electric motor burned out.
When the wiper does not operate intermittently, the wiper relay is most likely defective. If the brushes stop and move jerkily in intermittent mode, the contacts in the gearbox are burnt.
If the wiper does not work at low speeds and in intermittent mode, then there is an open in the circuit from terminal 18 of block Ш9 to the electric motor. It is also possible that the motor brushes are worn out.
Scheme windshield wiper VAZ-2108 (2109).
Windshield wipers won't stop.
Such a malfunction quite often happens in operation and confuses drivers. And the reason for this error is quite simple. In this case, just a bad contact between the negative wire in the wiper connector and the car body. The fact is, one hundred this wire is attached under the drive mounting bolts, which has rubber cushions. To eliminate this malfunction, it is enough to add another wire that will connect the wire attachment point with a reliable ground.
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Scheme of switching on the cleaner and washer of the windshield
The wiper consists of a gearmotor, levers and brushes ("wipers"). The electric motor of the cleaner is two-brush, with excitation from permanent magnets, single-speed. To protect against overloads, a thermal bimetallic fuse is installed in it. (wiper malfunctions)
Wiper blades
The length of the brushes ("wipers") of the front wiper (both left and right) is 330 mm
The length of the rear wiper blade (tailgate glass) - 305 mm.
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"Wipers" should be periodically washed with warm water and soap to ensure their quality work. If the glass cleaning quality deteriorates, replace the brushes.
To do this, lift the lever with the glass brush...
By pressing the latch, remove the brush from the lever leash.
Do the same for the rest of the brushes.
Technical characteristics of the wiper motor
The purifier has two modes of operation - continuous and intermittent; they are activated by the right steering column switch. Intermittent operation is provided by relay type RS-514 , attached with two nuts to the front left sidewall (wiper relay replacement). The relay should provide 9-17 motor starts per minute at a temperature of -20 to 50 ° C and a supply voltage of 10 V. (When the wiper is turned on in intermittent mode, the brushes can make up to four continuous double strokes.) The resistance of the relay solenoid winding is (66 ± 2) Ohm, breaker windings - (23 ± 1) Ohm.
The windshield washer consists of a polyethylene tank with an electric pump installed in the engine compartment, washer nozzles located on the hood, and flexible connecting hoses. (windshield washer malfunctions)
The washer is activated by pulling the right stalk switch towards you (non-fixed position). If the pump fails, replace it. Clogged nozzles can be blown in the opposite direction or cleaned with a fishing line or a thin needle.
Video
V. Shevelev
In modern cars, windshield wipers can operate in two modes - continuous and pulsating, when a pause follows between successive strokes of the brushes. This second mode is very useful in light rain and drizzle. Is it possible to equip cars with such a device, in which the windshield wiper can operate only in one mode, and the brushes, even with light precipitation, moving continuously, irritate the driver and wear out the windshield of the car prematurely?
The device, the scheme of which is shown in Fig. 1, allows you to make a pulsating mode of operation of the wiper, equipped with an electric drive.
Rice. 1. Schematic diagram of the wiper control device
It is an asymmetric multivibrator assembled on transistors T1 and T2, and a key stage on transistor T3. The load of the key stage is the electromagnetic relay P1. Contacts P1 / 1 of this relay control the operation of the wiper motor.
Simultaneously with the opening of the transistor T1, the transistor T3 also opens. In this case, relay P1 is activated, and the electric motor is turned on. After a short period of time, transistor T1, followed by transistor T3, will close and the relay will turn off. However, the motor will remain switched on through its auxiliary contacts (not shown in the diagram) until the brush movement cycle is completed. A new cycle will begin with the next opening of the transistor T1. The duration of the pause between strokes is smoothly regulated by a variable resistor R3. The duration of the pause can be changed within 5-40 s.
The device is mounted on the printed circuit board shown in fig. 2.
Rice. 2. Printed circuit board of the device
The board is placed under the dashboard, and the handle of the resistor R3 is displayed on the front panel of the shield.
The device uses a relay RES-10, passport RS4. 524.304. You can use any suitable relay with a trip current of 50-70 mA. Transistors T1-T3 can be replaced by any low-frequency low-power n-p-n transistors. Variable resistor R3 type SP or CTO.
A vehicle-mounted switch can be used as switch B1 by removing the jumper between terminals 2 and 3 (see diagram).
In position 2 of switch B1, the wiper operates in continuous mode, and in position 3 - in pulsating mode.
Windshield wiper upgrades. Windshield wiper-automatic.
V. Lomanovich, A. Kuzminsky
Windshield wipers installed on some modern cars operate continuously. However, it is rational to provide the wiper with an appropriate automatic device that ensures its periodic switching on and off according to a given program. On fig. 1 shows a diagram of an electronic device for automatically turning on the wiper at a specified interval.
Rice. 1. Schematic diagram of devices for automatically turning on the wiper
The multivibrator on transistors T1 and T2 generates rectangular pulses that are fed to the base of the transistor T3, in the collector circuit of which the electromagnetic relay P1 is connected. The duration of the pulses arriving at the input of the transistor T3 varies from 1 to 30 s depending on the position of the variable resistor R2 slider, while the period of operation of the relay P1 also changes accordingly. Normally closed contacts 1P1 and 2P1 of relay P1 are connected in parallel and serve to control the wiper motor.
When connecting an electronic machine to a typical windshield wiper, you need to disconnect clamp “3” from the chassis so that in the future contacts 1P1 and 2P1 of relay P1 (see Fig. 1) can be connected to point “3” and the chassis (common minus). At the same time, it is possible to operate the wiper in the normal (non-automatic) mode.
After applying voltage to the electronic device, relay P1 is activated and contacts 1P1 and 2P1 break the power supply circuit of the wiper motor 0.3-0.5 s after closing the toggle switch B1. The time during which the motor is turned off depends on the duration of the control pulses supplied to the base of the transistor T3 from the multivibrator (see Fig. 1).
After the end of the pause, the relay contacts P1 close and the wiper starts to work. With the help of a variable resistor R2, the duration of the pauses can be changed. Just like in continuous operation, the auto-stop switches off the electric motor only after the wiper blades return to their original position on the windshield.
Note that the electronic machine allows you to use the wiper in any of the modes of continuous operation (with a low or high speed of movement of the brushes). In the event of a failure of the electronic unit, the wiper remains operational in normal mode.
Instead of a variable resistor R2, you can install a small-sized switch for 2-5 operating positions (for example, a PKM cam switch), switching several fixed resistors. Their resistance is selected in such a way as to obtain the desired duration of the pause between switching on the wiper motor.
On fig. 2 shows a diagram of the installation of an electronic unit on a Moskvich car.
Rice. 2. Scheme of installation of the electronic unit on the car "Moskvich"
The choice of the wiper operation program is carried out using a multi-pole cam switch for five positions of the PKM9-1 (B1-B9) type, which is installed on the driver's shield. Initially, as shown in Fig. 2, all PKM9-1 contacts are open, its handle is in the first position and the wiper does not work. In the second position of the switch, switch B1 closes and the wiper begins to operate continuously with the blades moving slowly over the windshield. In the third position PKM9-1, in addition to B1, switches B2 and B3 are closed. In this case, the additional resistance Rd of the excitation winding circuit OB2 of the electric motor is short-circuited, and the wiper is switched to the second continuous mode with accelerated movement of the brushes. In the fourth position of the PKM9-1 switch, the switches B1, V2 and VZ open, and B4, V6, V8 close. At the same time, power is supplied to the electronic unit and the first automatic mode is set with pauses of 5 seconds between switching on the wiper motor. In the fifth position PKM9-1, the second automatic mode is set with pauses of 10 s between wiper turns on (B4, B6 and B8 are open, B5, B7 and B9 are closed).
All fixed resistors type MLT-0.5. The variable resistor R2 can be of the type SP3-6, SP3-13 or SPO-0.5. Electrolytic capacitors C1 and C2 type K50-6 or EM, C3 - type MBM or BM. As transistors T1 and T2, low-power low-frequency transistors of the type P13-P16, MP39-MP42 and others can be used, and as T3 - transistors of the MP25-MP26 type with any letter indices. Before installation, the PKM9-1 switch must be disassembled and the cams installed so that they ensure the closing and opening of switches B1-B9 in the above sequence. Electromagnetic relay P1 type RES-9, passport RS4.524.202 or RES-6, passport RFO.452.106.
Establishing a windshield wiper mainly comes down to selecting the resistance value of the resistor R3, i.e., the time during which contacts 1P1 and 2P1 of relay P1 remain closed when the device is operating in automatic mode. This time should not exceed the full stroke time of the wiper blades (back and forth) at high speed, which is 0.8-1 s.
Timing relay for windscreen wiper
G. Korotaev
Many older vehicles are not equipped with a time switch for intermittent wiper operation, which creates inconvenience during their operation. Modern cars already have such devices, but they are designed for only one pause time and the possibility of adjusting it depending on road conditions is not provided. Below is a simple time relay circuit, the assembly of which is available even to a novice radio amateur. Thanks to the use of a unijunction transistor, the device has an independence of the response time from changes in the supply voltage and ambient temperature. On fig. 1 shows a circuit for connecting the breaker U1 to the windshield wiper motor circuit U2 through a toggle switch with a neutral middle position B1.
Rice. 1, the scheme of switching on the circuit breaker in the motor circuit
Rice. 2. Schematic diagram of a time relay on a unijunction transistor.
Instead of toggle switch B1, two switches can be used separately for continuous and intermittent operation.
The breaker works as follows. When the toggle switch B1 is set to the "Prer" position, almost all the supply voltage is applied to the time relay. At this time, the wiper blades are in their original position, and the contacts of the limit switch B2, controlled by the electric motor M1, are open. Through resistors R2 and R3 (Fig. 2), capacitor C1 begins to charge.
The chain time constant R2 R3 C1 determines the pause time. When the voltage on the capacitor C1 reaches the value of the response voltage of the transistor T1 (after a pause), the pulse C of this transistor through the resistor R5 will go to the control electrode of the thyristor D2 and open it. The electric motor M1 starts to rotate and closes the contacts of the limit switch B2. During the engine stroke, until the brushes return to their original position, contacts B2 remain closed. During this period, the capacitor C1 is discharged through the resistor R1 and the diode D1. When the brushes return to their original position, the contacts B2 open, the motor M1 stops, and the whole cycle repeats again. Capacitor C2 serves to increase the noise immunity of the time relay.
With the ratings of the elements R2, R3 and C1 indicated on the diagram, the pause time can vary from 1-2 to 5-7 s. To increase the pause time to 10-15 s, it is necessary to increase the resistance of the resistor K2 to 100 kOhm.
On fig. 3 shows a diagram of a time relay on a transistor analogue of a unijunction transistor.
Rice. 3. Schematic diagram of a time relay on a transistor analogue of a unijunction transistor
Resistors of any type can be used in the circuit, capacitors C1, C2 - electrolytic, type K50-6, K52-1, K52-2, K53-1, IT, etc., diode D1 - silicon, type D219, D220, D223, KD503, KD504, KD510, etc. Thyristor D2 - type KU201 or KU202 with any letter index. Unijunction transistor T1 (see Fig. 2) - type KT117 with any letter index. Transistor T1 (see Fig. 3) - type MP106 or MP116, transistor T2 - type MPI102. MP103, MP113, KT315, KT342, KT602 or KT603.
Structurally, the time relay is placed in a small box installed behind the dashboard of the car so that the driver has access to the handle of the variable resistor R2. A schematic drawing of the relay printed circuit board is shown in fig. 4.
Rice. 4. PCB timing relay:
a - placement of parts of the relay circuit on a unijunction transistor; b - placement of parts of the relay circuit on a transistor analogue; in-printed wiring of the relay circuit on a unijunction transistor; d - printed wiring of the relay circuit on a transistor analogue
If it is snowing or raining outside, wipers become indispensable elements of the car.
In our material, we will talk about the mechanism of the VAZ 2110 wipers, discuss the main causes of their malfunction, the issue of repair and the search for alternatives to standard wipers.
Device device
To begin with, let's try to understand how the wiper circuit on the VAZ 2110 is arranged and what components form an integral unit called a windshield wiper.
| Device | Characteristic |
| electric motor | He is responsible for the rotation of the wipers with different intensity. A gearbox is located in the electric motor, and the motor itself works by supplying direct current. There are three built-in brushes in the armature of the engine, providing three modes of operation of the wiper - fast, slow and with pauses. Although it is believed that the frequency of rotation of the brushes in the VAZ 2110 is only two |
| Electrical components | This is a steering column switch, a relay for wipers, which allows you to activate the brush movement mode intermittently. Plus, don't forget the switch. The entire electrical system is integrated into wires running through a bimetallic heat-resistant fuse. It is important to note that both relays and fuse F5 are located in the mounting block, and the bimetal fuse and switch are in the motor gearbox |
| Windscreen wipers | At the same time, the size of the wipers on the VAZ 2110 can be different, which we will talk about later. They differ in shape, material of manufacture, device |
| mechanical drive | An important component, which, alas, often breaks down at the top ten |
Why are the wipers not working?
At some point, the car owner may notice that his wipers do not work. This can manifest itself in their complete stop or work with a creak.
First of all, look for the cause in the electric motor. But remember that mechanical problems also happen.
The most popular mechanical failures of wipers:
- When the cleaners are turned on, the sound of the motor is heard, but the brushes do not move or twitch slightly. Probably, the nut securing the crank to the axle of the gearbox has lost its grip or completely unscrewed.
- Windshield wipers not working in sync indicate a problem with the leash. Again, check the fixing nut. When tightening the nut, first remember to put the brushes in the correct position.
As for problems with the electrical component, they manifest themselves as follows:
- The wiper moves very slowly, stops, then starts working again, does not go stubbornly to the lower position. Check limit switch. By bending the contacts, it is regulated in this way. If such a measure did not bear fruit, replace the entire VAZ 2110 wiper motor assembly, since the gearbox is built-in;
- You have switched on the intermittent operation, but the brushes work without stopping. Here the problem lies in the relay, which must be replaced. If, when you turn on the device, you do not hear the sound from the rotation of the motor armature, then this is 100% to blame for the relay. If not, then check for burns and oxidation on the contacts;
- When choosing any mode, only the clicking of the thermometal fuse is heard. In this case, the anchor and brushes are in place. Check if the brushes are frozen because of the frost, so they do not move. Either the F5 fuse has blown, or the anchor has burned out;
- The electric motor does not turn on, although the fuses are good. Check the quality of contacts. Often this causes a hung brush or a burnt anchor.
Wiper Repair
In practice, repairing wipers on a VAZ 2110 is not at all difficult if you have at least elementary experience in working with a car and its electrical component.
To begin with, let's figure out how to remove the wipers on the VAZ 2110. The design provides for several fasteners, by unscrewing which, you can easily remove the brushes themselves.
But with the disassembly of the wiper assembly, everything is a little more complicated. It is parsed as follows.
- Remove the dashboard.
- On the left side, find the relay that is attached to the body. If it's broken, there's no point in repairing it. Just install a new relay.
- Next, check the condition of the fuse, which is responsible for the operation of the wiper drive.
- Disassemble the steering column to allow you to examine the state of the switch. If it has damaged insulation or other damage, replace the unit.
- Unscrew the electric motor from the body, check it in action. If the damage is not serious, it can be repaired. Holya is better to immediately replace it with the relay.
- Check drive. It is not uncommon for a pulley to break on it, which is why the device has to be replaced with a new one.
- Make sure the trapezoid is working. It may be necessary to replace the wiper trapezoid with a VAZ 2110, if during the operation of the car the lubrication of the device deteriorated, all kinds of garbage and water got there. If the lubrication does not work properly, the plastic bushings of the hinges wear out, which creates play and increases resistance during operation of the device. The trapezoid itself serves to transfer force from the electric motor to the wiper arms.
Alternative Solutions
Most car owners of the domestic "tens" are accustomed to changing worn out and failed windshield wipers for similar ones.
Often this happens because they do not see alternatives, they are not familiar with them.
For all VAZ 2110 models, regardless of the year of manufacture, the installation of wipers for the driver's and passenger's sides of the same size - 20 inches is provided. The length of the brush is 508 millimeters.
But this size can be increased to 530 millimeters. It is not recommended to set more, because this way the wiper will not be able to work efficiently, and the drive simply cannot cope with the load. As a result, too long brushes cause creaking and jerky work. Plus, do not count on the long service life of the wiper mechanisms.
Native wipers for the "tens" are pretty good. But there are more expensive, but also more highly efficient, high-quality devices.
Today it is fashionable to use frameless wipers, especially from Bosch. Their advantages are compactness and a special, reliable leash mechanism.
But as practice shows, on the windshield of the VAZ 2110, like other VAZ models, they do not look very nice, because the fasteners on the leash turn out to be massive. Although if you refine them a little, you get a very good result.
Refinement stages
Modification or replacement of wipers is easy. To do this, you need to take several consecutive steps:
- Disconnect the negative cable from the battery;
- Pull the wiper towards you;
- Remove existing brushes;
- If there is a decorative overlay, remove it;
- Unscrew the fastening bolt, thereby dismantling the old wiper;
- Compare the dimensions of the old and new cleaner;
- Ideally, the new device should not exceed the old one by more than 20 millimeters;
- Perform the reverse assembly procedure.
As you can see, changing windshield wipers is not difficult. But with the repair procedure, everything is a little different. But acting according to the instructions, even an inexperienced owner of the VAZ 2110 will be able to do everything with his own hands.
