The safest cars in the world. The safest cars in the world are determined by a crash test Which cars are safer

19.07.2019

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Road safety is very important aspect modern life. Not only the driver, but also pedestrians want to be safe, but we will talk about them another time. In the event of unusual situations on the road, especially emergency or extreme ones, the car's security system plays an excellent role, which significantly mitigates the consequences of any collision. To determine how safe a car is, today there are several safe car ratings that are watched by many motorists from around the world.

Each rating can only conditionally assess safety specific car After all, there are a lot of factors in a car that affect the safety of a car. Despite all these difficulties, we will now find out which car is the safest in the world.

Today, there are fairly well-known world ratings that objectively assess the level of safety of each test car.

IIHS Vehicle Safety Rating

The IIHS rating is considered quite serious and authoritative in automotive world. The ratings of the American community IIHS (Insurance Institute for Highway Safety) publish fairly transparent car ratings, from which it is clearly visible which car is safer and which is less, there is a clear rating system.

In general, it is believed that the most authoritative car safety ratings are made in the USA, and this is no coincidence, because in the States, starting from the 70s, they began to pay Special attention on the safety of cars, and in order to evaluate the car on a safety scale, they carried out objective, to this day, crash tests, which clearly show what happens to the car in a collision. Thanks to crash tests, it is easy to determine which the safest car in the world.

The IIHS organization conducts crash tests on many makes and models of cars, and then groups the results of the studies into rankings of the safest cars in the world. There are various headings: annual, for the entire history and other ratings.

IIHS is an insurance organization, as its name suggests (Insurance), so they also have ratings based on claims from some car owners to the insurer. Information based on insurance claims is of interest to US residents, and safety data based on crash tests are of interest to the whole world.

Typically, the IIHS safety testing program includes frontal collisions, side impacts, impacts in the trunk and others. In addition, the test results show which place in the car is considered the safest.
Relatively recently, at the end of 2012, the IIHS Top Safety Pick crash test was carried out, in which it was found the safest car in the world. The entire rating includes 115 car models, but we will consider the leaders:

Fiat 500 is recognized as the safest car among subcompact cars; Ford Fiesta; Honda Fit and Toyota Yaris;
among compact cars Chevrolet Sonic, Chevrolet Cruze became the safest, Chevrolet Volt and Ford Focus;
among midsize cars Chevrolet Malibu, Audi A3, Buick Verano, Chrysler 200;
among mid-size luxury cars, the Audi A4, Acura TL, Acura TSX took the lead in terms of safety;
the safest full-size family cars recognized Buick LaCrosse, Chrysler 300, Buick Regal, Dodge Charger;
BMW 5 Series, Audi A6, Sedan recognized as the safest full-size luxury cars Cadillac CTS, Hyundai Equus;
among mid-size SUVs recognized as the safest Dodge Journey, Chevrolet Equinox, Dodge Durango, Ford Edge;
the safest among mid-size luxury SUVs - Audi Q5, Acura MDX, Cadillac SRX, BMW X3;
The safest full-size SUVs are: Chevrolet Traverse, Buick Enclave, GMC Acadia;
the safest minivans - Dodge Grand Caravan, Chrysler Town & Country, Honda Odyssey;
the safest full-size pickups are Honda Ridgeline, Ford F-150, Toyota Tundra.

If we analyze statements of claim from car owners, the safest were Porsche 911, Chevrolet Corvette, and the most unsafe are Toyota Yaris and Suzuki SX4.

NHTSA Safety Rating

NHTSA evaluates cars based on crash test results, but in most cases, this organization tests cars that are not very popular in the US and Canada. As a rule, the NHTSA ratings in their first places contain the same models that took the first places in the rankings from the IIHS.

EuroNCAP safe car rating

European researchers are also keeping up with the Americans in terms of car safety ratings. Europe is dominated by the EuroNCAP (European New Car Assessment Program) organization, which was founded in 1997. Ratings are also based on crash test data, but other factors are also analyzed.

among compact cars - Chevrolet Aveo;
in the golf class - Ford Focus;
among SUVs - Audi Q3;
among cars for the whole family - Volvo V60;
among compact vans - Mercedes B-class.

Other car safety ratings

Now we will look at less serious ratings, since they are based on slightly different data, that is, these ratings are a little subjective. For example, the rating of safe cars from Forbs, this rating is rather frivolous, but it interests a lot of people. So, according to Forbes magazine, the safest car in the world adopted by the Audi A6, followed by the BMW 5 Series, Infiniti EX 35, Mercedes E Class and Volvo S60.

These cars are quite expensive, so it's no wonder that their safety is very poor. high level. But in the case of Forbes, the study of safety in cars is all advertising and marketing moves to show potential buyers which cars to buy. By the way, there is interesting car, Humanix iSAVE-SC1, it has many of its own characteristics, and most main feature external airbags are considered.

Spring has already arrived, and many are thinking about buying a car. Which to choose? To those who turn to me for a hint, I always say - "the one that is safer." I recommend paying attention to prestige, entourage and options that improve comfort in last turn. Health is one and life is one. Given the appalling situation on Russian roads- 27,000 people die and 250,000 are injured in car accidents every year - urgesafetymake it a priority.

Technology has come a long way, a car is a complicated thing, and choosing a safe model is painstaking work. To make it easier, I recommend focusing on the following points:

- Options that increase security.

Safety Rating

The more stars and points the car scored in the tests, the better. Ratings compiled by various associations take into account the level of protection and evaluate a set of safety measures - the adequacy of body behavior and the quality of work of restraint systems (belts, pillows) during crash tests, as well as the availability of systems to help avoid accidents ...

Before making a purchase decision, take a look at whether the chosen car went through crashes well, compare it with analogues, look through the best and worst ratings. Create a vision of the issue, teach yourself to understand, well, we will help. Car wrecking organizations have been around for decades, so used cars can also be tested for safety. If the rating is low, it is better to refuse the model - it is more expensive for yourself.
Below is a list of associations that conduct security tests. If you do not speak languages, browsers with automatic translation function are at your service. Understanding the scoring system and test evaluation criteria will take some time. But it's worth it!

European committee for the evaluation of motor vehicle safety. Recently there has been

American management road safety.

American Institute of Insurance and Highway Safety.

Japanese National Automobile Safety Agency.

Korean Safety Committee.

Australian Safety Board.

Latin NCAP

South American Security Committee.

Chinese Security Committee

How to use it? For example, we took three B-class cars different years, tested European committee security Euro NCAP, and brought their ratings. Please note that since the beginning of its existence in 1996, the scope of tests and evaluation criteria has increased and changed. In 2009, Euro NCAP greatly tightened the requirements for test vehicles and changed the rating system. Previously, ratings for each car were set separately for the safety of riders (driver, passenger, child) and pedestrians. The new system gives an overall five-star rating, and "sub-ratings" are rated as a percentage.

Excellent rating

The points in the safety tests are received by the basic configurations, which can be very different from those offered by us. In Europe, for example, as a rule, cars are tested and tested that already have several pillows, special restraint systems for child seats, like Isofix, ESP dynamic stabilization system, seat belt warning devices, etc. If you bought modern car with a “five-star” rating, but, for example, without ESP and only with a pair of airbags (instead of the maximum six), you don’t need to amuse yourself with delusions - in your case, legs and horns are left from this rating. Your car will not be able to protect the "full program". And if you don't buckle up, all the "safe" systems and tricks you pay for are just empty words.

If tests desired vehicle could not be found, we look at the "pedigree" - often cars on different markets go under different brands and names. For example, the same Logan, Sandero and Duster are sold under by Renault, and in Europe under the Dacia brand. Lanos model in different times V different countries issued under Daewoo brands and Chevrolet, and now it's ZAZ Chance.

Sometimes, according to tests of some models, one can roughly conclude about the level of safety of others, for example, the second generation Audi A3 and, Volkswagen Touran, Caddy, Golf of the fifth and sixth generations (including a convertible), Golf Plus, Tiguan, are built on the Volkswagen PQ35 platform. Scirocco, Seat Altea, "second" Skoda Octavia, Skoda Yeti... Kia cee'd and Hyundai i30 are twin brothers.

But rating is a “variable” thing. Over time, cars become more and more perfect and from generation to generation acquire better protection. Test methods also have to be tightened in order to determine who is better again at the “new round”. So modern "stars" are much more valuable than "stars" five to ten years ago. The current model also sometimes changes the level of protection. For example, Kia Venga first received four stars in Euro NCAP tests, but a few months after the increase in body rigidity, after passing repeated tests, it has already broken into five stars. Sometimes the opposite happens as well.

Weight and vehicle class

The heavier the car, the higher the class, the safer it is. Let's remember physics. What happens if you hit the anvil hard with a hammer? That's right - the hammer will bounce. Consequently, among the cars, the one that is more massive is safer; in it, the fastened riders, other things being equal, will experience less overload during the impact. This is evidenced by numerous combined crash tests and, alas, life itself.

perfectly "equipped", the first one has five, the second - four Euro NCAP stars. Smart's power structure is very strong, which is rather an exception for this class. But the outcome of the duel in this case is decided by the mass difference of 700 kilograms. Please note that after the impact, Mercedes slowed down a lot, but did not change the direction of movement, while Smart, almost turning over, bounced off him like a ball from a bat. In Smart, riders experience much greater overloads upon impact, and this is dangerous.

Joint test conducted by the American Insurance and Highway Safety Institute

Car approach speed - 128 km/h

heavy executive sedan or a full-size SUV among passenger cars in a tangible gain. And even in a confrontation with heavier representatives (trucks, buses), they are preferable - having more kinetic energy than cars, they are able to “apply” and “move” a stronger opponent in an accident, and, therefore, save the health of those who inside.

So the rating rating is different. Five stars earned by a heavy Mercedes M-Class and five stars scored by an urban "baby" Audi A1 are completely different things. All cars are tapped according to standard methods. For example, to withstand a Euro NCAP frontal impact with a 40% overlap at a speed of 64 km / h, according to all the canons, the power structure of a two-ton SUV must be significantly stronger than that of a lighter car. What prevents manufacturers from increasing the strength of small car bodies beyond the norm? High cost. It is easier and cheaper to “sharpen” bodies for “performing” certification strikes, and most companies are not interested in “everything above”. Below is direct proof of this.

and the previous generation Camry scored well in Euro NCAP single tests. What about combined strike? Each of the cars in this test moves towards each other at a speed of 64 km/h (single tests are performed at the same speed). Approach speed - 128 km / h, a trifling matter, at first glance, but in fact for cars this is a very serious test. It can be seen that a frontal impact with a displacement of the power structure of the Yaris is too tough. The front pillar, roof and floor are severely deformed, and the opened door further weakens the power structure of the cabin. The living space is “eaten up”, and the fastened driver gets his head on the body elements. Pillows and belts are powerless. During the impact, the lighter Yaris (of course, not as clearly as Smart) bounces off the heavy Camry and experiences more g-forces. The outcome of the accident was decided by a 470-kilogram overweight towards the Camry and its more durable body

So, if you are not chasing image, but safety, out of all the variety it is better to choose a car of a less prestigious brand, but one or two classes higher. For example, for 1,000,000 rubles from a BMW 1 series and Skoda Superb, which have approximately the same rating, Superb will be safer for obvious reasons.

More important point- few people pay attention to the body type, but meanwhile, if we take and compare a hatchback, a sedan and a station wagon of the same model, the sedan and station wagon will be the safest, all other things being equal. Their rear elongated programmable deformation zone absorbs strong impacts more effectively. In addition, modifications with these types of bodies are heavier, who knows, perhaps exactly the same 50-100-kilogram advantage when hitting another car will play into your hands. The station wagon, in addition to this, better protects against trucks that have a high bumper. The number of doors should also not be overlooked - evacuate from rear seats after the accident, having two doors on the sides, it is incommensurably more difficult.

The age of the structure and the car itself

Chevrolet Malibu 2009 model year against a 1959 Chevrolet Bel Air. Approach speed - 128 km / h. American Institute for Insurance and Highway Safety IIHS

Cars more than 20 years old in development basically have equal-strength bodies - that is, upon impact, the interior is deformed in almost the same way as the front. In the video above, a 1.5-ton 1959 Chevrolet Bel Air in a duel with a modern Chevrolet Malibu, which is three hundred kilograms lighter, as you can see, literally shattered into dust. The body of the “old man”, crushing and squeezing his rider, dampens the impact energy well and increases the chances of survival for those who are in the modern Malibu.

Conclusion: a heavily used car in the vast majority of cases is not able to provide an adequate level of safety. The old "tired" body of the "shaggy" year of development without the use of "safe" tricks and technologies, weakened by corrosion, possible accidents and restoration work, the blow keeps out of hand badly.

On a note: if you choose an old car, there is no guarantee that the airbags and belt tensioners provided on board are operational - it is not customary to restore them after accidents, it is expensive and troublesome. It is easier and cheaper to simply straighten the body, bring an external gloss, “turn off” the indicators of activated airbags and pretensioners by adjusting the “brains”, and quickly get rid of such a car. And such instances secondary market as much as you like, how not to run into them, we will soon tell. By the way, automakers recommend changing airbags and belt pretensioners every 10-15 years. Are you sure the previous owner took care of this?

Handling and stability

The chance to effectively slow down and avoid a sudden obstacle in extreme conditions and stabilize the car after the maneuver the higher, the more competently designed chassis. And literally every little thing is important here - steering accuracy, the ability of the car to take maneuver, stability, weight, location of the center of gravity, suspension stiffness, roll, tendency to drift or skid, control electronics settings.

A massive car, as a rule, is driven worse, but recently, engineers have even learned to make heavy SUVs more maneuverable and reliable in driving. So in general, the principle is also true here - the newer the model and the fresher the car, the better. On an older specimen, dead dampers and worn pivots negate the benefits of a good chassis.

The "main" test that can reveal the capabilities of the chassis is a single or double rearrangement - " moose test". The higher the speed of this maneuver without losing control and stability, the better the car. Such tests are done

swedish magazine

and many others

Informative steering gear not a whim, but an additional sense organ, if you like. A well-designed and tuned drive allows, by the magnitude of the growing counteracting force, to determine the angle of rotation of the wheels and the change in the friction coefficient of the coating - for example, in winter you can understand how cleared and more “reliable” sections of the road alternate with slippery snowy and icy ones. By the spontaneous deflection of the steering wheel, you can feel the roughness of the coating, the moment the car stalls into ruts rolled on the asphalt, the thickness of the markings ...
Informed means armed! Thanks to a high-quality tactile communication channel driver-car-road, you can instantly make appropriate adjustments to the control and style. And here the accuracy of the response to a turn comes to the fore, which depends on the design of the steering gear, tires, the quality of the amplifier, the kinematics of the suspension, the settings of the elastic elements, the rigidity of the body ...

Brakes. Not only efficiency and length are important here. stopping distance but also endurance. This is especially true for those who ride mountain serpentines and prefer an active driving style. If we compare cars with a similar mass, the brakes are more durable in those where the mechanisms are larger. The more massive the elements, the larger the working areas of the pads and discs (drums), the more thermal energy they can absorb and dissipate into the external space before friction linings will melt and lose effectiveness. Disc brakes are preferable to drum ones, and ventilated disk ones are better than solid disk ones, since they have a larger cooling area. If on elements - support or brake cylinders- there is a cooling fin, generally good.

Find out which one brake systems specifically compared cars are more enduring, very simple - the type of brakes, the diameter of the discs or drums is always indicated in technical specifications. The larger the diameter, the better, of course. Perforation on the discs is desirable, it allows you to quickly remove water or ice film, wear products and foreign abrasive from the working surfaces.

But there is also back side medals - the more unsprung masses(which includes wheels, brake mechanisms, suspension elements), the worse handling and comfort. Composite brake discs(aluminum hub, cast iron working friction part) is lighter than ordinary cast iron ones, and it is very well felt. The top of evolution is composite carbon-ceramic discs. Not only are they one and a half to two times lighter than their metal counterparts, but they themselves also have better frictional properties, heat up more slowly and are much more wear-resistant. But their arrival to the masses slows down the high complexity and cost of production.

The accuracy and information content of the brake drive (by analogy with the steering) is paramount. A sensitive brake pedal allows you to delicately dose the deceleration and easily feel the edge of the wheel lock, which, again, can draw conclusions about the frictional properties of the coating under the wheels.

Accelerating dynamics. I also consider saving on “horses” inappropriate. Those who “do not drive” also have to merge into the stream and overtake with an exit to the “oncoming lane”. Of course, the less time you accelerate and spend on oncoming lane- all the better. And here the high-torque engine is no longer for fun. Also, the dynamics depends on the transmission. An adequate and agile "automatic" will allow you to linger less in the stream, and a good four-wheel drive will help not only off-road, but also when overtaking, when under the wheels, for example, ice mixed with snow. It is clear that confident accelerating dynamics provokes more fast driving, but here everything already depends on the driver, on his sense of proportion, the appropriateness of actions and ideas about good and evil.

ABS - saves lives. The anti-lock braking system does not allow the wheels to block during emergency braking, which makes it possible to drive the car and deal with side slip when slowing down “to the floor” on heterogeneous surfaces. Algorithms ABS work the more perfect, the newer the model. But it's far from certain that the car you're considering has the most efficient ABS. - follow the tests!

Dynamic stabilization system ESP in the event of slips, selectively slows down in a timely manner the right wheels and “pulls” the car onto a trajectory set by the driver. Naturally, work various systems stabilization is very different. On some cars, electronics can deal with both drifts and drifts, on others - only with drifts. The response threshold is also different - somewhere the systems are more efficient and do not allow deep slips, somewhere, on the contrary, they intervene at the very last moment, allowing the driver to enjoy the notes of extreme sports. Below we have given a couple of videos where you can see the behavior of cars with the stabilization system activated and deactivated.

Tests showing system operation dynamic stabilization, hosts Euro NCAP. The technique involves two “standard” rolls of the steering wheel left and right and its return to its original position at a speed of 80 km/h. By such tests, you can determine a lot of important and interesting things. For comparison, we arbitrarily took the two most significant.

So, how to compare what you see:

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Additional security options

What does this include, besides the systems that control the dynamics? Good xenon or diode light, "peeping" into turns, and it will be better if it is with automatic switching between "far" and "near" modes. Headlight washers. Night vision cameras. Electric heating of mirrors and glasses, electrochromic self-dimming mirrors protecting from blinding. Advanced signal lighting technology with flashing emergency situations"feet" and "emergency gang". Parktronics and video surveillance systems. Monitoring systems for "dead zones", tire pressure and road signs.

There are also active cruise controls that can automatically stop the car in an emergency. Systems that control the position of the car in the lane. Active hood (Mercedes) or external airbag (Volvo) protecting pedestrians. Actual for hatchbacks, station wagons and vans, nets, grilles and belts that hold loads in place ... And much more. In general, if there is an opportunity to choose something from this list - do not skimp, sooner or later in this or that situation it will play into your hands, it has been verified from our own experience.

So which car is safer? The one that is heavier, more modern, has good rating, is equipped to the maximum with rescue equipment and is well managed. In order not to miss, read our and not our test drives, compare, evaluate, always buckle up and constantly improve your skills: without a head on your shoulders, any security systems are money down the drain.

Vitaly Kabyshev
Photo and video producers

When choosing a car, many drivers set certain criteria. Someone likes fast models, the other prefers , the third group is looking for a car with large trunk… But almost all car owners agree that the vehicle must be safe. And automakers spend a lot of money on creating truly reliable cars. The best of them were reflected in the rating of the leader of autotests - the IIHS company. The ratings portal introduces the Top Safety+ winners.

How are safety tests done?

This test is called a crash test. Its purpose is to determine how the vehicle behaves in collisions with various objects, and what needs to be done to improve the safety of passengers and the driver. Evaluation is carried out by performing one or more strikes against an obstacle on the middle or high speed: frontal collision, side impact, entry into rear bumper. Priority is given head-on collision, as it is the most lethal.

An early crash test barrier was a concrete wall, but in the 21st century it has given way to a deformable barrier that mimics natural obstacles and oncoming traffic. A car with mannequins of a man, a woman and a child is pushed into it. The whole process is monitored by a system of sensors on cars and mannequins, which transmit information about the results of control measurements to a computer and a high-speed digital camera that will record the accident in the slightest detail inaccessible to the human eye. All the information collected will be analyzed and, if necessary, changes will be made to the design, strengthening potentially dangerous elements.

Crash tests can break more than one car. Safety is a thoughtful and painstaking work of engineers. No model will be released until the probability of survival is at least 75%.

Safety rating by nominations

Below is short review vehicles in different size categories. Let's start with the smallest cars and finish with real giants.

small cars

Honda Insight gets the palm. The hybrid vehicle is equipped with a regenerative braking system. The technology avoids brake jerks when descending a hill or approaching a turn. And the developers have equipped the car with a sound alert system. This necessary measure because the car is quite quiet.

Not far behind the opponent and a close neighbor - Hyundai Elantra. Passed all tests perfectly. A truly safe option for families with children. Since September 2018 all vehicles equipped with a frontal collision avoidance system and top-end headlights.

Similar characteristics were received by the compatriot Hyundai - Kia Forte. He did great in almost everything. possible tests. A family with a child will be comfortable and safe. The collision avoidance system and improved headlights helped a lot in this.

Medium size

And here the podium was shared by Hyundai and Kia. Also lucky were Subaru and Toyota. Almost all models are equipped with . A Hyundai Sonata received new system collision avoidance. Subaru Legacy received a G+ rating in the car seat test.

Midsize Suite

The Genesis G70 is the leader in the ranking. Comments from people who tested it, caused only the safety of children in special chairs. Also, despite significant work, the passenger and driver are at risk of severe torso injuries in a side impact.

Lexus brand in 2019 model year ES 350 corrected main problem- with headlights. The first test took place in 2016 and since then the manufacturer has consistently received a Acceptable rating. The top version of the headlights did their job, and the car stopped suffering from uneven road illumination.

big cars

In 2019, only the Toyota Avalon brought a medal in this class. Japanese engineers relied on improvement - it was uneven and mediocre. The situation with the car seat for babies has also improved significantly. If earlier, last year, seat belts and latches were in rather uncomfortable places, now the design is more convenient. The result is that the child is more likely to survive compared to earlier versions.

Large premium models

There have been no major changes here. All favorites confirmed the degree of safety. The BMW 5 Series hasn't made any headway in terms of child seats. Fixation difficulties remain. Surprisingly, this trend has continued since 2017 - the car has moved out according to the indicator. So far, they cannot resolve the issue of injury to the lower part of the left leg. But according to other indicators, the car is completely safe not only for environment but also for drivers and passengers.

The award was also received by two cars of ТМ Genesis – G80 and G90. Both cars passed every test with the exception of the car seats. So far, the company can do nothing about their marginal level of security. We hope the trend will change better side for the next model year.

For the second year in a row, the Mercedes E-Class has received the award. There are redundant comments here. The car is reliable in all respects.

small SUVs

Here, only Asian cars received the award. Hyundai Kona and Mazda CX-5 equally cope with the main tasks. They will not lead to serious injuries after a collision with a train and a concrete wall - the car can withstand such a load without serious deformations. Everyone has a chance to survive.

Every day, 3,300 people die in car accidents around the world. Another 20-50 million people receive various injuries. Insurance Institute for Security traffic in the USA compiled lists of items that should be reliable car, and named the 15 safest models.

The safest cars

Sedan Toyota Avalon.

This car is sold in the markets of the USA, Canada and the Middle East. In Russia, a car can be bought on the secondary market. At the same time, a lot of old models are sold.