Cycling is inextricably linked to participation in road traffic. That is, this is not an ordinary ride, but a ride according to the rules, with a continuous analysis of the intentions of other road users, and so on.
The better we are prepared for this, the less likely we are to arrange a real headache.
What do you need for safe cycling on the roads?
1) Headlights/reflectors - according to the rules, the cyclist must indicate his presence in red rear light and yellow (white) front;
2) Reflective elements on your clothes - you, without a bicycle, should also be visible;
3) Rear-view mirror(s) - in traffic this will make life easier, without unnecessary movements and risks, but this decision is not for everyone. We will write more about this;
4) Not discussed - the presence of a helmet;
In addition to these conditions, it is mandatory to comply with the Rules of the Road (SDA). Why is it required? The cyclist is the most vulnerable road user.
The main signs are known to everyone - "main road", "end of the main road", "junction", "circular traffic". They are everywhere, it is important to remember that we cyclists risk our health even if we are right. So it is important to look not only at the signs, but also at the road.
We face this all the time: whether it's driving a car or walking. Now we are discussing cycling, and this year, in connection with the popularization of the bicycle, new signs for cyclists have appeared in the traffic rules. Namely:
1) Bicycle path; 
2) There was a lane for cyclists. Other transport cannot drive along it (in the realities of our country, it should not drive, but it drives / parks); 
3) Dedicated lane for cyclists; 
4) Lane for MTS (route vehicles) - cyclists are allowed to move in lanes for route vehicles (hereinafter MTS), if the lane is located on the right;
5) When moving in a column, cyclists should be divided into groups of 10 people. To facilitate overtaking, the distance between groups should be 80-100 m;
6) When cyclists move along the right edge of the carriageway, cyclists should only move in one row. A column of cyclists is allowed to move in two rows if the overall width of the bicycles does not exceed 0.75 m;
7) When driving on sidewalks, roadsides and pedestrian areas, the cyclist must not interfere with other persons. Otherwise, he must dismount and continue on foot. When driving on a sidewalk, a cyclist can move at walking speed;
Cyclists are prohibited from:
- ride a bicycle without holding the handlebars with at least one hand;
- transport cargo that protrudes more than 0.5 m in length or width beyond the dimensions, or cargo that interferes with control;
- carry passengers, if this is not provided for by the design of the vehicle;
- transport children under 7 years of age in the absence of specially equipped places for them;
- turn left or turn around on roads with tram traffic and on roads with more than one lane for traffic in a given direction;
- it is forbidden to tow bicycles, as well as towing by bicycles, except for towing a trailer intended for use with a bicycle;
Now it is worth discussing the main aspects of driving on the roads. common use.
Rules for the behavior of a cyclist on the road:
1) The cyclist must move along the road as far to the right as possible (in the old version of the SDA - a meter from the curb), in the direction of travel, changing lanes in advance to make a turn (in accordance with signs, markings and traffic signals);
2) At the same time, you need to move as far to the right as possible in the selected lane. After performing a maneuver (turn), take the extreme right position on the road so as not to interfere with other traffic participants;
3) When turning left at a regulated intersection, the driver is obliged to give way to vehicles moving towards him, as he has a “right handicap”;
4) When turning left at an unregulated intersection, in the presence of priority signs, the vehicle located on main road. When making a right turn, difficulties should not arise;
5) On the road with roundabout, vehicles moving in a circle have priority over those entering the circle, as indicated by the sign "Main road direction".
But it also happens vice versa: the entrances to the circle are considered the main road (in any case, you need to look at the signs);
6) There are times when to cross carriageway is at the pedestrian crossing. The rules prescribe to carry a bicycle through it in your hands, since a moving car can not always stop in time (for cycling on a pedestrian crossing - a fine of 800 rubles);
7) When leaving the yard areas on the road, the driver of the vehicle is obliged to give way to all vehicles moving along it;
When driving on public roads, you must always be attentive and careful, as other road users may not always follow the rules. traffic and you may not be allowed to pass, cut off, etc., etc. If drivers see that you know the traffic rules, you will be treated more respectfully on the road, which will give you more confidence in your abilities. And confidence will come with experience - it takes some time to learn how to apply knowledge in practice. traffic situation changes every second and you must always be prepared for the fact that even if you drive according to the rules, but one of the traffic participants who are next to you on the road will violate them, or will be forced to take an unpredictable action - you will be ready for anything, as well as careful and attentive on the road.
Now, I would like to highlight one more important point: TRAFFIC LIGHT REGULATION.
Round traffic lights have the following meanings:
When red - movement is prohibited!
Green signal - permission to move.
Green flashing allows movement and informs that the time expires and the prohibition signal will soon be turned on.
A yellow signal prohibits traffic, except when drivers cannot stop without resorting to emergency braking, and warns about the upcoming change of signals.
Yellow flashing signal - allows movement and warns of the presence of an unregulated intersection, warns of danger.
If the traffic light is equipped additional section with arrows, then when turned on, its movement is allowed in the directions indicated on the arrows.
A round white-moon signal at railway crossings allows movement.
To regulate the movement of cyclists, a traffic light with round signals of reduced size, supplemented by a rectangular plate, can be used. white color size 200 x 200 mm with the image of a black bicycle.
A traffic light tells us how to move. But how do we indicate what we want to do?
For this, there are signals given by cyclists:
Turn to the left: The left arm is extended to the side or the right is raised up, bent at the elbow.
Turn to the right: Left arm bent at the elbow, or right arm extended to the side.
Stop (when moving in a column): A straight arm raised up.
A sign about an upcoming maneuver (turning, avoiding an obstacle, rebuilding) a cyclist must submit as far in advance as possible so that this is not unexpected for other road users.
But there are times when an obstacle appears suddenly (a car ahead stopped abruptly, a door opened in a parked car, etc.) and you need to go around it - give a signal with your hand about the maneuver. 
You observed everything, drove carefully, but (God forbid!!!) an accident happened. What to do, where to run? More on that below!
WHAT TO DO IF YOU DO HAVE AN ACCIDENT.
1) Do not touch anything at the scene of the accident;
2) Take pictures of the accident scene and road signs;
3) Call DPS;
4) Find witnesses to the accident and write down their coordinates.
Now, let's recap a little:
0) Safety is paramount.
When riding a bike - be careful and attentive!
1) Passing by standing car- remember that at any moment the door can open, or it can start moving without the turn signal on;
2) Never get ahead of long trains (trucks with trailers and semi-trailers or buses) without being sure that the driver sees you;
3) When driving in dark time days - remember that the distance to objects seems greater than it actually is;
4) Make only well-considered maneuvers on the road so that it does not come as a surprise to others.
And in general, it’s better to wait 3 minutes and then safely make a maneuver than to do something stupid on the road in a hurry. And the road, as you know, does not forgive mistakes.
Car drivers really dislike cyclists and motorcyclists for their unpredictability on the road. Obeying the Highway Code while cycling on public roads will end these road wars. You will stop disturbing passers-by on the sidewalk, you will be able to get to Right place bypassing traffic jams. The main thing - remember Golden Rule WWII fighter pilots: "Turn your head 360 degrees!" Your attentiveness, knowledge of the rules and analysis of the situation are the main trump cards of a cyclist on the road. Don't forget that, and happy cycling!
Movements occupy only great place: the action of the novel begins in St. Petersburg, then the hero travels to the Pskov province, to his uncle's village. From there, the action is transferred to Moscow, where the heroine goes "to the bride's fair", in order to later move with her husband to his St. Petersburg house. Onegin during this time makes a trip along the route Moscow - Nizhny Novgorod- Astrakhan - Georgian Military Highway and Transcaucasia (?) - North Caucasian mineral springs - Crimea - Odessa - Petersburg. A sense of space, distances, a combination of home and road, home, sustainable and road, mobile life are an important part inner world Pushkin's novel. The essential elements of a person's spatial sense are the method and speed of his movement. Tyutchev, having traveled across Europe for the first time by rail, noted that the space had shrunk, the gaps between cities had shortened, and the cities had drawn closer: “You can be transported to one without parting from the other. Cities give each other a hand ”(Antiquity and novelty. St. Petersburg, 1914. Book 18. P. 20). It was the low (for us) speeds and duration of movement that connected the image of Russia with the theme of the road, which is so characteristic of the literature of the Pushkin and Gogol periods.
The carriage was the main means of transportation in the 18th - early 19th centuries. - was also a measure of social dignity.
All shades of "postal" meanings were clear to EO readers. In the first chapter, Onegin hurries to the ball "in a pit carriage" (XXVII, S). It was expensive to maintain your own coachman and your own carriage with horses in St. Petersburg. In the 1830s P - father and husband, a well-known writer, forced by a secular position to frequent trips - did not keep horses, but had only a carriage. Horses were hired. The four had to travel around the city for 300 rubles. per month (in 1836). Cabbers or coachmen were paid separately. “The last carriage was delivered to Pushkin in June 1836 by master Drittenpreis for 4150 rubles. (with urban and road equipment) ”(Schegolev P; Pushkin and men. M., 1928. P. 172). Not having his own departure, Onegin hired a pit carriage. Such a carriage could be taken at the cab exchange for a day. “Not like Vanyushka is a reckless cabman. He doesn’t roam the streets empty, he doesn’t go fishing at dawn, he doesn’t starve himself, standing until midnight because of a dime<...>the riders of the reckless driver are shown no earlier than noon ”(Kokorev I. T. Russian essays. M., 1956. T. 1. S. 357).
The mode of transportation corresponded to the social position. The beginning of this was laid by Peter's "Table of Ranks", which demanded "that each such outfit, crew<...>had, as the rank and character require it ”(Monuments of Russian Law. M., 1961. Issue 8. P. 190; character - here: position). The difference in crews, the number and price of horses, and in the Pushkin era, formed a complex hierarchy that had a socially significant character:
Merchants on runners set off to him, Artists (artisans. - Yu. L.) on foot, clerks in sledges,
Cool people in carriages and carriages
And the faces on the cabs are different ...
(Shakhovskoy A. A. Comedies, poems. L., 1961. P. 111)
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Headlong<...>galloped (7, XXVII, 3-4) - in pre-Petrine Rus', a slow ride was a sign of the importance of a passenger. In post-Petrine society, both too fast (a sign of a "state" person) and too slow (a sign of grandeur) became signs of dignity. In Moscow people traveled more slowly than in St. Petersburg. However, back in the 18th century a pan-European "dandy" fashion was established very fast driving through the busy streets of the city.
The number of lanterns (one or two) or torches depended on the importance of the rider. In the 1820s “double lanterns” (1, XXVII, 7) is only a sign of an expensive, smart carriage.
Flying in the dust on postal (7, II, 2); ... Larina trudged, / Fearing expensive runs, / Not on postage, on her own ... (7, XXXV, 9-77). Riding for travelers using state-owned horses (riding “on postal” or “passenger horses”) was carried out as follows: the traveler stocked up on the road - a document where his route, rank, rank were entered (the number of horses depended on this; Onegin, who did not serve, like P , - an official of the 13th class, had the right to only three horses; persons of the 1st class had the right to 20 horses, the 2nd - to 15, and the 3rd - to 12). Podorozhnaya was registered at the outposts; data on those who left or entered the capitals were published in newspapers. At postal stations, courier and couriers received horses out of turn (there should have been special troikas for them), but if the courier horses were in dispersal, they took any that were available, then the horses were received by travelers "of their own need" in order of rank. This led to the fact that the ordinary traveler often had to sit at the stations for a long time(see the poem by P. A. Vyazemsky "Station").
The usual speed for those traveling "according to their own need" was no more than 12 miles per hour in winter, no more than 10 in summer, and 8 in autumn. Usually 70-100 miles were driven per day. At the station, the traveler "paid runs" - he paid for the horses at a rate that ranged from 8 to 10 kopecks. for one horse one verst.
Larins went to Moscow "on their own" (or "long"). In these cases, the horses were not changed at the stations, but they were allowed to rest; at night, of course, they also did not move from their place ( night riding was common when chasing relays), from which the speed of travel decreased sharply. However, at the same time, the cost also decreased.
“Finally, the day of departure has come. This was after the christening. Veal, goose, turkey, duck were fried for the road, they baked a chicken pie, pies with minced meat and boiled cakes, rich rolls, in which whole eggs were baked completely with shells. It was worth breaking the dough, taking out the testicle and eating it with a ball for health. A special large box was assigned to the grub supply. A cellar was made for tea and cutlery. Everything was there: tin plates for the table, knives, forks, spoons and table and tea cups, pepper, mustard, vodka, salt, vinegar, tea, sugar, napkins, and so on. In addition to the cellar and a box for grubs, there was also a box for a traveling folding samovar<...>For defense against robbers, about whom the legends were still fresh, especially when they inevitably moved through the terrible forests of Murom, two guns, a pair of pistols were taken with them,
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and from cold weapons - a saber<...>Our train consisted of three wagons. In the first sat my brother and father, in the second my aunt and sister, in the third the cook with the maids and with all the supplies for the table: provisions, pots, etc., and, finally, behind everyone rode a sleigh with oats for food in the horses' road . It was the usual order of our journey.<...>Of course, such trips were inexpensive, so 20 or many 25 rubles in banknotes, that is, less than 7 rubles in current silver, it was enough to get to Nizhny Novgorod on 4 triples - this is about 500 miles from us, and maybe more ”(Selivanov pp. 145-147). Tatyana's economic mother, who was afraid of "expensive runs", apparently incurred the same expenses.
S. T. Aksakov gives an idea of the size of the “trip” when driving “long”: “We are traveling in three carriages, in two carriages and in twenty wagons; only twenty-five crews, sir; masters and servants are twenty-two persons; we take horses up to a hundred ”(Aksakov S. T. Sobr. soch. M., 1955. P. 423). The household Larina traveled, apparently, somewhat more modestly.
In case of poor road condition, the breakdown of carriages and their repair on hastily with the help of "rural cyclops" who blessed the "ruts and ditches of the fatherland" (7, XXXIV, 13-14), it became an ordinary part of road life. “My carriage was bought from the great Fröbelius, the most famous of the St. Petersburg carriage masters, who alone know how to prepare axles, springs and tightening belts, capable of withstanding for a week all kinds of blows, shocks and bounces on Russian roads<...>“Our Russian roads,” one very kind resident of St. Petersburg told me, “are distorted in forty-eight hours by French, English and Viennese crews, but our national crews are spared during the eight days of our unparalleled gallop - and this is a lot.” By virtue of this foreshadowing, I expected some kind of trouble on the eighth day. She did not keep herself waiting: the work of the “great” Frebelius, my St. Petersburg carriage broke down in front of the station itself, to which I drove up already in an inclined position "(Bourgoen P. de. Memoirs of a French diplomat at St. Petersburg Courtyard, 1828-1831 // Military Collection of St. Petersburg, 1866, vol. 48, p. 190).
In the 1820s stagecoaches also began to come into use - public carriages that run on schedule. The first company of stagecoaches that ran between St. Petersburg and Moscow was organized in 1820 by the nobles M. S. Vorontsov and A. S. Menshikov, not only from commercial, but also from liberal-civilizing motives. The undertaking was a success; On February 27, 1821, Menshikov wrote to Vorontsov: “Our stagecoaches are in the most flourishing course, there are many hunters, the departure is serviceable” (quoted from: Turgenev, p. 444). Stagecoaches took 4 passengers in winter, 6 in summer, and had seats inside the carriage, which cost 100 rubles each, and outside (60-75 rubles). They made the way from St. Petersburg to Moscow in 4-4.5 days.
However, the main means of transportation still remained a carriage, a cart, a wagon, a cart; in winter - sled.
Every year in Estonia, at unregulated pedestrian crossings, dozens of accidents occur with children under 15 years old crossing the road on foot or by bicycle. In 2017, a total of 48 children were affected in such incidents. For a child, when he walks or rides a bicycle, the risk of an accident is twice as high as for an adult.
The behavior of a child on the road is often a reflection of how adults behave on the road. “Pedestrians and cyclists are the most vulnerable road users, who are always the injured party in the event of a traffic accident. Parental example setting and road safety training together help make the journey to and from school safer. However important role how children behave on the roads is also influenced by the behavior of other adults, which influences the decisions made by children,” explains Ewe-Mai Valdna, expert at the Road Administration’s Prevention Department.
5 tips that parents should repeat to the child from time to time and which they themselves should always follow:
- Be careful and think where and how to safely cross the road!
- Before crossing the road, be sure to stop and look around - cars cannot stop right away! At a speed of 50 km / h, the stopping distance of a vehicle on dry asphalt is about 28 m, on wet - 38 m, and on snow - 62 m.
- try to install eye contact with a driver!
- When crossing the road, do not do anything else!
- Have some spare time!
More tips and additional information can be found on the dedicated page.
“In order for a child to be able to safely move on the roads and take into account other road users, parents must teach him this. The example that others set for him is also important. For safe movement on the roads, the child needs experience. However, many adults in primary school they take the child to and from school by car, without thinking that in this way the child cannot acquire sufficient skills of movement as a pedestrian. The radius of movement, expanding with age, takes the child to places where he has not been before, and he finds himself in a situation in which he must independently make the right decisions and choose the safest trajectory of movement,” adds Valdna.
Road Administration's Road Crossing Campaign "Set an Example for a Child to Be Careful" runs from 22 August to 19 September. This year the campaign is for the first time addressed to parents whose children go to grades 1-6. As part of the campaign, from August 31 to September 7, for the first time, "Walking with a Child Week" will be held, the goal of which is to encourage parents to practice road transport with their children.
How to turn at a difficult intersection? Should you drive on the sidewalk or on the side of the road? Where to move if you walk along a country road with a broken bike? Who should go through the intersection first - my bike or car? Many questions arise in the mind of a cyclist when he hits the road. Many solve such questions “by eye”, “by experience”, but this is fundamentally wrong. A cyclist is a full-fledged participant in the road traffic. He must know all the requirements of the rules of the road on a bicycle.
The role of the cyclist on the road
Let's start learning the rules for cyclists with positioning. Of course, the cyclist often travels slowly, much slower than the 30 km/h that cuts off some road users. The cyclist is not protected by the body or safety bars. It is difficult for a cyclist to show a turn signal or look in the mirror before passing through an intersection.
Nevertheless, a bicycle and its driver have absolutely the same rights, which many people forget for some reason, the same duties as drivers of cars or motorcycles. The traffic rules for cyclists provide for only one small item of additional restrictions, which we will consider a little later.
Terms
Let's analyze the main terms used by the authors of traffic rules. Descriptions are shortened so as not to cloud the mind of the reader with the official language of laws.
Bicycle - a vehicle with at least two wheels, driven by muscular energy, which, in addition, may have an electric motor.
The driver is the person who drives the vehicle. Those. a cyclist is a driver.
At the same time, a cyclist who rides a bicycle next to him is equated to a pedestrian, completely changing his role in traffic.
Rights and obligations
As becomes clear from the terminology, a cyclist can quickly change his status on the road if he drives a bicycle near him. At the same time, on a bicycle, he becomes the driver of the vehicle, accepting all the rights and obligations thereof, and on foot - a pedestrian (with the only exception of movement along the highway).
Place of movement
Where can you move?
The rules for cycling are quite specific.
- Bike lanes - if there is a bike lane, you should ride on it.
- On the right edge of the road (carriageway), no further than one meter from the edge, or along the side of the road - equivalent places. At the same time, moving along the road on foot and driving a bicycle, movement should be done with your back in the direction of travel, and not against, as the rules require from pedestrians.
- On the pedestrian zone or on the sidewalk - last place, where a cyclist can move, is allowed to use it only in the absence of the two previous options.
In sum, we see a lot of violators riding on the sidewalks, but the rules expect the bike to participate in traffic as a vehicle, and not as a pedestrian with wheels. By the way, this applies only to bikers from 14 years old. Children can choose sidewalks and bike paths for cycling.
Restrictions and prohibitions
A separate section of the rules for cyclists impose a number of restrictions:
- always keep behind the wheel;
- do not use the phone without a headset (this is a general rule);
- do not drive on motorways (sign "Road for cars" or "Motorway");
- do not turn left on multi-lane roads and roads with a tram line.
In general, all the requirements are quite logical, only one needs to be studied - regarding the turn to the left. Indeed, at intersections, a cyclist will not be able to turn left anywhere except at the intersection of a one-lane road. Even so, there are questions about the position, since the turn will not be made from the leftmost position. We will analyze this and a few more examples below as a complex situation.
Difficult situations
Review
Before making a maneuver, a rare cyclist can look in the mirror due to his absence. However, it is the competitor's responsibility to make sure that the maneuver is carried out according to the rules (for example, without interfering with other vehicles). You should train so that constant head turns do not affect the quality of bike control.
Overtaking
Cyclists, like other vehicles, can overtake, and while cycling they are required to do this only on the left, taking into account the possibility of starting or accelerating the overtaken cars. Overtaking even bicycles is possible - the rules do not prohibit moving in two rows, if this does not violate other rules.
Crossings
The rules and priority signs also apply to cyclists, i.e. A right-turning car traveling parallel to you must yield to a bicycle traveling straight ahead, and a cyclist must yield to vehicles approaching from the right.
Once again, pay attention to the turn to the left. On a single-lane road, a cyclist has the right to turn in the same way as cars and motorcycles along a full path. Otherwise, there are two ways to rotate:
- Sequential straight ahead, stop with a turn, one more straight ahead (i.e. in two movements);
- Crossing an intersection as a pedestrian.
IN this case on the left - a bicycle vehicle, and on the right - a pedestrian with a bicycle
By driving a bicycle with our hands, we become a pedestrian when crossing the intersection, receiving the appropriate rights and obligations, and can use the pedestrian crossing and the corresponding traffic signal.
Driving near obstacles
Sometimes you have to move around corners, thickets, tunnels and other obstacles that block your view. Due to the fragility of the cyclist, compared to other road users, it is recommended to use an audible signal so that approaching vehicles and pedestrians can take into account the appearance of the cyclist from behind the line of sight.
By the way, in countries such as Belarus and Ukraine, a bicycle bell is required to be installed. In Russia, this requirement has not yet been explicitly fixed for bicycles, although it is implied for the entire class of vehicles.
notation system
The cyclist, like other participants in the movement, is obliged to give signals about the planned maneuvers. If the backpack or frame is not equipped with newfangled dimensions with turn signals, you should use the established system of hand signs:
- rebuilding or turning to the right - extended right or left arm bent at the elbow;
- rebuilding or turning to the left - extended left or right arm bent at the elbow;
- stop - any of the hands raised up.
Hands down are also used to give signs in the column. For example, the left hand means "pits on the left" and similarly for the right. This alarm is rarely used.
Before use in dense stream, for safety, you should practice making signs, because taking one of your hands off the wheel, it is easy to lose control, and, coupled with the requirements for visibility, this can lead to falls and injuries.
Liability and accidents
Cyclists also get into accidents, and the rules for them do not differ from automobile ones:
- You must not leave the scene.
- Do not touch the vehicle (i.e. bicycle).
- You should call and wait for the traffic police.
Bikers are also liable, like drivers, except when they moved by cycling and being pedestrians.
Conclusion
As we have seen, a “bike driver” must be a competent road user, know and follow the rules of cycling, and also feel responsible on the road. In addition, knowledge of the rules of the road allows you to move around on a bike much more efficiently, because, in addition to restrictions, the rules explain the possibilities of movement, such as priority or correct placement in the lane.
However, we should not forget about safety, the basic rules of the cyclist - the timely designation of maneuvers, the sound signal and reasonable respect for faster and heavier road users - will save the life, health of the cyclist and allow you to effectively enjoy riding.
TO Category:
Working on a tractor
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About the rules of the road on a tractor
General information
The tractor in its technical and economic indicators differs little from the car. A tractor, like a car, is driven on public roads. Therefore, the tractor driver must know and steadily comply with the "Rules of the Road".
The first section of the "Rules of the Road" clearly defines the terminology. Let's take some concepts as an example.
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A driver is a person who drives a vehicle.
Advantage - the right to priority movement in the intended direction in relation to other participants in the movement.
Give way (do not obstruct) - a requirement that a road user must not resume or continue driving, perform any maneuver, if this may force another road user to change direction or speed.
Stop - a deliberate cessation of the movement of a vehicle for up to 5 minutes, as well as for more, if necessary for boarding or disembarking passengers or for unloading or loading a vehicle.
Parking - stopping the movement of a vehicle for more than 5 minutes, if this is not related to the boarding or disembarkation of passengers or unloading or loading the vehicle.
Forced stop - the cessation of the movement of the vehicle due to its technical malfunction or the danger created by the transported cargo, the driver's condition.
Overtaking - the advance of one or more vehicles associated with the exit to the lane (side of the carriageway) of oncoming traffic and the subsequent return to the previously occupied lane (side of the carriageway).
General duties of a driver
Before leaving, the tractor driver is obliged to check the serviceability and completeness of his machine, as well as the presence of fuel, oil and coolant. He must have with him a certificate for the right to drive a tractor, a registration document for the tractor, a waybill4 of the appropriate sample and a document for the transported cargo.
The waybill and registration document should be presented at the request of Gosseltekhnadzor engineers-inspectors, police officers, freelance inspectors, military traffic inspectors, combatants and railway crossing workers.
The operation of tractors without a technical certificate is prohibited.
A tractor driver leaving for field, reclamation work on the territory of his collective farm or state farm must have a formalized work order with him, which indicates the area of \u200b\u200bwork.
When transporting any goods, the driver is issued a bill of lading or a document replacing it.
The tractor driver does not have the right to transfer control of the tractor to anyone, even to persons who have the right to drive tractors, if their names are not indicated in waybill or work clothes.
When the tractor moves in a column in daylight hours day, the dipped headlights must be on. If the tractor driver turned out to be a participant traffic accident, then he is obliged to immediately stop his tractor (regardless of whose fault the accident occurred and what its results are), turn on the emergency light signaling, and in its absence, put a sign emergency stop and do not move the tractor and other objects related to the incident. Further, he is obliged to provide assistance to the victims, report the incident to the nearest police officer and wait for the arrival of police officers or investigating authorities, and only after their permission to continue moving, and if this is not possible, then take measures to deliver the tractor to the base.
It is absolutely unacceptable to leave the scene of the incident without providing assistance to the victims and without finding out the reasons in the prescribed manner.
Road and road markings
A road is any road, street, alley, etc. used for traffic over its entire width (including sidewalks, embankments and medians). It consists of three main elements: the roadway, roadsides and ditches. For the construction of a suburban road, a strip is allocated, called the right of way.
The carriageway is a part of the road intended for the movement of vehicles. The road may have several carriageways, the boundaries of which are the dividing lanes. The tram track is considered to be the boundary of the carriageway intended for the movement of trackless vehicles.
Traffic lane - any longitudinal strip of a tricycle part, marked or not marked by means of markings and having a width sufficient for movement in one row of motor vehicles.
A highway is a complex and very expensive engineering structure, therefore all participants in the movement, and especially tractor drivers, who drive very heavy machines, which often go with the most various trailers, must exercise great care not to damage the road surface in any way, as well as roadsides and ditches located along the edges of the road.
Rice. 112. Horizontal road markings:
a, b, c and d - options.
In order to improve the organization of traffic on highways, horizontal and vertical markings are used - lines and inscriptions and other designations applied on the carriageway, curbs and other road elements and road structures (bridges, tunnels, etc.).
The marking is carried out with paints, as well as with white thermoplastic masses, except for three yellow lines: 1.4; 1.10; 1.17.
Horizontal markings are performed with various lines, indicated in the standard by numbers from 1.1 to 1.23 (where 1 is the horizontal markings, and the second number after the dot indicates the serial number of the markings in the group).
Among the marking lines used, consider the following.
A narrow solid line 1.1 (Fig. 112, a) separates traffic flows in opposite directions, marking the boundaries of traffic lanes in dangerous places on roads, etc.
It is forbidden to cross this line, except when line 1.1 marks the edge of the carriageway.
A narrow broken line 1.5 serves to separate traffic flows, it is allowed to cross such a line from any direction.
The narrow broken line 1.6 indicates the approach to the solid line 1.1. Crossing this line is allowed from both sides.
Two parallel narrow lines, of which one is solid, the other is broken 1.11 (Fig. 112.6), serve to separate traffic flows in opposite directions and designate lanes in passing direction. It is allowed to cross these lines only from the side of the broken line.
Double solid line 1.3 (Fig. 112, c) separates traffic flows in opposite directions with four lanes or multilane traffic in both directions; crossing the line is prohibited.
The narrow yellow line 1.4 indicates that it is prohibited to stop at this place.
The transverse solid line 1.12 (Fig. 112, d) indicates the place where vehicles stop - the stop line in front of the intersection.
Pointer arrows 1.18 show the direction of movement along the lanes.
Vertical marking indicates the surfaces of road structures: bridge supports, the lower edge of the span of bridges and overpasses, round bollards, signal posts, side surfaces of road barriers on small radius curves, side surfaces of road barriers in other areas, etc.
Vertical markings are applied in black and white stripes. Many markings on road sections that do not have artificial lighting are supplemented with reflective materials and retroreflectors.
There are cases when the meaning of the marking lines contradicts those established in this place road signs. In this case, the tractor driver must follow the instructions of the road sign.
Road signs
Road signs - the most common and sufficient effective means movement organization.
All road signs are divided into seven groups: warning; priority; forbidding; prescriptive; information-indicative; service; additional information(plates). All signs are assigned a corresponding number. It consists of the number of the group, the ordinal number of the sign in the group, the ordinal number of the variety (if any), separated by dots.
Each group of signs differs in shape, color, size and designation.
For the visibility of signs in the dark, internal lighting is used, as well as reflective and luminescent Devices.
The tractor driver must know the meaning of all traffic signs. Below is given short description each group of signs most important for tractor operators in terms of ensuring traffic safety.
Warning signs are designed to alert drivers to dangerous places on the way.
This group includes 43 predominantly triangular signs with a red border and a yellow or white field, on which the symbol of the sign is depicted in black.
Warning signs are placed in front of dangerous sections of the road, outside settlements for 150…300 m, and in populated areas - for 50…100 m. A number of signs outside populated areas, such as 1.1; 1.2; 1.9; 1.10; 1.21 and 1.23 are repeated. The second sign is placed at a distance of at least 50 m from the beginning dangerous area.
In some cases, signs may be located at other distances from the dangerous section of the road, in which case this distance is indicated on a plate attached under the sign.
Consider what should be the procedure for the tractor driver when meeting with some warning signs in order to ensure traffic safety.
Rice. 113. The use of warning signs: a, b. c and d - options.
1.6. "Intersection of equivalent roads" (Fig. 113, a). This sign warns the driver that there is an intersection with an equivalent road ahead.
Approaching such an intersection, the tractor driver must reduce the speed of movement, be ready to immediately stop his tractor if the movement through the intersection is difficult for any reason, let the transport approaching from the right pass (paragraph 15.2 of the "Rules of the Road"), and only after that pass the intersection in the right direction.
1.13. “Steep descent” (Fig. 113, b) - the sign informs the driver that there is a slope ahead with a slope, the value of which is indicated on the sign as a percentage, for example 10%.
On steep descent it is much more difficult to stop the tractor than on a level section of the track, since the effect of the tractor's gravity increases it braking distances. On the slope of the road, in front of which sign 1.13 is installed, where oncoming traffic is difficult, the driver of a tractor moving downhill (on a descent) must give way to a vehicle moving uphill.
On the downhill slope, the tractor driver must drive his tractor in low gear with reduced fuel supply and as accurately as possible on the right side of the carriageway.
1.14. “Steep climb” (Fig. 113, b) - the sign warns the tractor driver that he must drive his tractor on the rise, as a rule, without stopping, for which, at the beginning of the rise, he should choose one of low gears, which would ensure the implementation of such a movement. And in the event of a stop, the tractor driver must hold the tractor in this position with the brakes, without rolling back.
1.2. "Railway crossing without a barrier" (Fig. 113, c). Railroad crossings are especially dangerous because they can collide with trains. For a more reliable warning of vehicle drivers outside settlements, sign 1.2 is duplicated, i.e. set two signs. In addition, in addition to them, signs 1.4.3 and 1.4.1 are placed under signs 1.2 and in the middle between them is sign 1.4.2.
1.18.1 "Narrowing of the road". This sign warns drivers that the carriageway ahead is narrowed (exit to the bridge, road repair, etc.). On such a section of the road, the tractor driver must be especially careful, reduce the speed of movement and correctly pass the narrowed place.
1.19. “Two-way traffic” (Fig. 113, d) - the sign shows a section of the road (carriageway) with oncoming traffic, which was preceded by a section of the road (carriageway) with one-way traffic.
At the same time, the tractor driver must reduce his speed significantly and keep his tractor closer to the edge of the road in order to clear the way for oncoming traffic.
Priority signs are used to prioritize crossings or narrow sections of roads where simultaneous movement in both directions is not possible. This group includes nine characters that have different shape and coloration.
Rice. 114. The use of priority signs: a, b, c and d - options.
Priority signs are placed: 2.1 and 2.2, respectively, at the beginning and end of the main road. Sign 2.1 may be repeated before intersections. Signs 2.3.1 ... 2.3.3 are installed outside settlements at a distance of 150 ... 300 m, and in settlements - 50 ... 100 m from intersections. Signs 2.4 and 2.5 - just before the intersection, and 2.6 and 2.7 - in front of a narrow section of the road.
Consider necessary actions tractor driver when meeting with some priority signs.
2.1. "The main road". This sign informs the driver that he is entering the main road in relation to everyone crossing it. Moving from the place of installation of the sign on this section, drivers have the right of way at all intersections in relation to any vehicle leaving the side road.
Sign 2.1 may be repeated before intersections to confirm the right of way. In places where the main road changes its direction, sign 2.1 is supplemented with a sign, for example, as shown in Figure 114, a.
Thus, in the situation shown in this figure, the tractor must pass first, and then a car.
2.3.1. “Intersection with a secondary road” - the sign warns the driver that the road on which he is traveling is the main one and at this intersection he has the right of way. However, when approaching such an intersection (Fig. 114, b), the tractor driver, although he has the right of priority, must at the same time exercise increased caution so that if circumstances arise that impede the passage of the intersection, you can immediately stop the tractor. In this situation, the tractor passes first, and the bus second.
2.4. “Give way” - a sign obliges drivers of vehicles entering or crossing a main road to first give way to vehicles moving along the main road. So, in Figure 114, a and b, a car and a bus can go to the intersection only after the tractors have passed.
2.5. “Movement without stopping is prohibited” - the sign obliges drivers to stop at the place where it is installed (even if nothing interferes with movement), let vehicles pass that impede further movement, and only after that continue driving.
Thus, in the situation shown in Figure 114, c, the car passes first, the tractor stops and only after the car passes does it start moving.
2.6. "The advantage of oncoming traffic". Approaching such a sign, the driver must give way to oncoming traffic and only after that start his movement. So, the driver of a car (Fig. 114, d) is obliged to let the tractor pass, and then go further.
2.7. "Advantage over oncoming traffic m". This sign gives priority to vehicles passing through a bottleneck over oncoming vehicles. Knowing this, the tractor driver (Fig. 114, d) is the first to pass through the bottleneck.
Prohibition signs prohibit the driver from certain actions. All of them have the shape of a circle, bordered by a red stripe, except for signs 3.21, 3.23, 3.25 and 3.31. The background of the signs is yellow or white, while signs 3.27, 3.28, 3.29 and 3.30 are blue. There are 33 signs in the group.
Prohibition signs are installed directly in front of road sections on which restrictions are introduced or canceled.
Signs 3.18.1 and 3.18.2 apply to the intersection of the carriageways in front of which they are placed, and signs 3.16, 3.20, 3.22, 3.24, 3.26 ... intersections - to the end of the settlement.
Signs 3.10, 3.27 ... 3.30 are valid only on the side of the road on which they are located.
Consider some examples of the action of prohibition signs, shown in Figure 115.
3.1. “Entry is prohibited” - the sign prohibits the entry of all vehicles into the road section, including the tractor shown in Figure 115, a. You can drive up to the object located behind the sign from the side passages or from the opposite side.
Rice. 116. Examples of the operation of prescriptive signs:
a, b, c and d - options.
4.3. "Circular motion" (Fig. 116, d). Movement is allowed only in the direction indicated by the arrows.
Information and indication signs introduce a certain mode of movement, report on the features road conditions and the location of various objects along the route.
This group includes 64 characters rectangular shape. They are installed on highways (have a green background), on any other road outside settlements - blue and on the streets of settlements - white.
Service signs inform about the location on the track or in the immediate vicinity of various objects.
There are twelve characters in the service group. They are made in the form of blue rectangles, in the middle part of which symbols are depicted in black paint explaining their purpose. The exception is signs indicating medical institutions, which are marked with a red cross.
Service signs are located directly at the objects they designate or in advance with an indication of the distance to the object at the bottom of the sign.
Signs can also be located at turns to objects. In this case, the direction is indicated by an arrow at the bottom.
Signs of additional information (tablets) serve to clarify or limit the effect of signs of other groups, i.e. they are not used independently, but only in combination with other signs.
Rice. 117. Application of signs of additional information (tablets):
a, b, c and d - options.
The plates are placed directly below the signs. The exception is plates 7.2.2…7.2.4 (sign coverage area) when they are used with a sign prohibiting stopping or parking. In this case, if the sign is placed above carriageway or hung on a cantilever, the sign must be placed on the side so that the sign itself is closer to the middle of the roadway.
All plates have a white field with black or red characters.
Figure 117 shows examples of the use of additional information signs.
7.1.1. "Distance to the object" (Fig. 117, a). The sign indicates that sign 1.6 is installed 200 m from the road junction.
7.2.2. "Zone of action". As shown in Figure 117.6, parking is allowed within 10 M from the place where the sign was installed.
7.3.2. "Direction of action" (Fig. 117, c). The plate shows that the effect of the sign 3.2 applies to the left street adjacent to the road on which the sign is installed.
7.5.5. "Time of action" (Fig. 117, d). In this case, it can be seen that sign 3.27 is valid only on Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays from 8.00 to 17.30, and the rest of the time it is closed.
Traffic signals
Traffic is regulated by traffic signals, hand gestures, or the position of the body of the traffic controller.
Traffic lights. The main type of traffic light used to regulate the sequence of traffic at intersections is a three-section one with red at the top, yellow in the middle and green at the bottom.
Green round signal permits movement.
A green signal in the form of an arrow(s) on a black background permits movement in the indicated directions. This signal has the same meaning in additional sections.
A yellow signal prohibits movement and warns of an upcoming signal change.
A yellow flashing signal or two alternately flashing yellow signals allow traffic and inform about the presence of an unregulated intersection or pedestrian crossing.
A red signal, including a flashing one, or two alternately flashing red signals prohibit movement.
Red and yellow signals, turned on at the same time, prohibit movement and inform about the upcoming green signal.
If traffic lights are made in the form of a silhouette of a person, then their effect applies only to pedestrians.
Regulator signals. The traffic controller regulates traffic with hand gestures and the position of his body, which may be as follows.
The traffic controller raised his hand up (Fig. 118, b) - the movement of vehicles and pedestrians in all directions is prohibited. Drivers who were unable to stop their vehicles may continue further movement through the intersection.
The traffic controller, standing at the crossroads, extended his right hand forward (Fig. 118, c). Movement from the back and right side of all vehicles is prohibited.
From the side of the chest, turning to the right is allowed, from the side of the left side, movement in all directions is allowed.
The traffic controller, standing on the road, extended his right hand forward (Fig. 118, d) - the tractor driver and the driver of the truck, located on the side of the outstretched arm, are prohibited from moving. Drivers of a tractor and a passenger car moving towards them can continue to move without stopping.
If the signals of the traffic controller contradict traffic signals, road signs and street markings, then drivers must be guided by the signals of the traffic controller.
The order of movement of tractors according to highways
Wheeled agricultural tractors on multi-lane roads must move in the extreme right lane. Movement caterpillar tractors on paved roads is prohibited.
warning signals. Before starting to move, stopping, changing lanes or before turning the tractor, the tractor driver is obliged to give a signal in advance of the start of the maneuver so that other participants in the movement who are in the immediate vicinity can take appropriate measures.
Signals can be given by light indications, and if they are absent or they are faulty, then by hand.
Before braking (Fig. 119, a) - raise your hand or, at the beginning of braking, automatically turn on the braking signal.
Before turning to the left (Fig. 119, b) - extend the right arm, bent at the elbow up, to the side, or turn on the flashing signal of the left turn.
Before turning right (Fig. 119, c) - stretch your right hand to the right or turn on the flashing right turn signal.
Additional warning signal when overtaking or warning an absent-minded pedestrian, sound signals can be used. It must be remembered that the supply of sound signals in settlements is prohibited.
Twists and turns. Before turning right, you need to take the far right in advance, and to the left - the far left lane on the carriageway.
Turning to the left (or turning around), the tractor driver must give way to all oncoming traffic and the passing tram, and only after the road is clear, make a turn.
It should be borne in mind that U-turns are prohibited at marked crossings, railway crossings, bridges, tunnels and on road sections outside settlements with limited visibility (less than 100 m in each direction), closer than 15 m from intersections and at unregulated intersections, if at an intersected The road is one-way traffic.
Stopping and parking are prohibited: on the left side of the road, except for roads in settlements with one-way traffic, if there is a sidewalk on the left side and roads with one lane in each direction that do not have tram tracks in the middle of the road; at railway crossings, in tunnels and under overpasses, bridges or overpasses; in places where the distance between a solid marking line and a stopped vehicle is less than 3 m; at pedestrian crossings and closer than 5 m in front of them; at intersections and closer than 5 m from the edge of the crossed carriageways, except for the opposite side side passage at three-way intersections with a continuous marking line in places where the vehicle will block traffic lights or road signs from other drivers.
Parking is prohibited where stopping is prohibited, as well as closer than 100 m from railway crossings, outside settlements in places with visibility less than 100 m in each direction, in places where a stopped tractor creates an obstacle to the movement of other vehicles or pedestrians.
In case of a forced stop in places where stopping and parking are prohibited, or in those conditions when a stopped vehicle cannot be noticed by other drivers in a timely manner, the tractor driver must put up an emergency stop sign at a distance of 25 ... 30 m behind the tractor (Fig. 120).
Rice. 119. Driver signals:
a - stop braking; b - turn left; c - turn right.
Rice. 120. Forced stop of the tractor.
Rice. 121. Special cases of movement: a - oncoming traffic on the slope of the road; 6 oncoming traffic when avoiding an obstacle.
Special driving conditions. Let's consider some cases.
On mountain roads, where oncoming traffic is difficult, the driver of a truck (Fig. 121, a) moving downhill must give way to a tractor moving uphill. This is how all road users should act in such cases.
When driving around an obstacle, vehicles moving on the free side have the right to move first. So, the tractor driver (Fig. 121, b) must let the bus moving along the free side pass, and only after that pass.
Movement of tractors with trailers and connected to them machines and rudiya, as well as self-propelled harvesters on the highway. When driving these vehicles on roads where it is impossible to overtake other vehicles, drivers of tractors or combine harvesters must press their vehicles as close as possible to the right side of the road, and if overtaking is still impossible, then pull over to the side of the road, stop, let them pass car and then continue driving.
The movement of tractors and self-propelled vehicles along highways in a column. When driving on roads outside built-up areas, vehicles that cannot reach speeds of more than 50 km / h, as well as vehicles with a gross weight of more than 12 tons, they must maintain such a distance between themselves so that vehicles overtaking them can change lanes to the right without interference. side of the road.
Passage of unregulated intersections
Crossroads - a place of intersection, junction or branching of roads at the same level, limited by imaginary lines connecting, respectively, the opposite beginnings of the curvature of the carriageway.
An unregulated intersection is one where there is no traffic controller or traffic light. A yellow flashing signal of any type at an intersection does not make it regulated.
At such intersections, drivers themselves must determine the order of passage, using the following rules.
At the intersection of equivalent roads, tractor and car drivers must give way to vehicles approaching from the right.
When driving on unequal roads, the driver of a vehicle moving along secondary road must give way to vehicles moving on the main road.
Rice. 122. Schemes of the order of passage of unregulated intersections: a, b, c and d - options.
Main road - paved road in relation to dirt road or a road marked with signs 2.1, 2.3.1., 2.3.2, 2.3.3 and 5.1 in relation to the one being crossed. The presence of a paved section on a secondary road immediately before the intersection does not make it equal to the crossed one.
So, for example, in the situation shown in Figure 122, a, the tractor passes first, since it is located to the right of the bus. At the same time, the truck driver (Fig. 122, - b), although located to the right of the tractor, but since he is on a secondary road, gives priority to the tractor moving along the main road.
When passing a four-way intersection (Fig. 122, c) of equivalent roads, the tractor passes first, as having no interference on the right, then freight car and lastly, a horse-drawn carriage.
When passing through squares and intersections with a designated center (Fig. 122, d), the “interference on the right” rule remains in effect. Therefore, the tractor that does not have interference on the right passes first, then the passenger car leaving the left street, and the last car passing through the intersection is the passenger car that first entered the intersection from the right street.
Passage of railway crossings
A railroad crossing is any crossing of a road with railroad tracks on the same level.
Railway crossings - especially dangerous places on the roads, and drivers are required to strictly observe the rules and precautions when traveling across railway tracks.
Tractor drivers should be aware that if the tracks are not correctly driven, they can be damaged or the rails can shift, which in turn can lead to an accident.
It is forbidden to cross paths railway outside crossings, no matter how these intersections are equipped. At crossings with a barrier, drivers are obliged to accurately and unconditionally follow the instructions of the duty officer for the crossing and the signals of the crossing traffic lights.
It is forbidden to unauthorizedly open the barrier or start moving through the crossing when the traffic lights are on.
If a traffic jam has formed at the crossing (Fig. 123, a), then it is forbidden to enter if the barrier is open.
Vehicles at the railway crossing must stop in one row. The first car is at a distance of 10 m from the nearest rail (Fig. 123, b), or 5 m before the barrier at a guarded crossing.
To avoid damage railway track, contact network or crossing equipment, it is necessary to transport trailed or mounted vehicles through crossings only in the transport position and not enter the crossing with pubescent working bodies (Fig. 123, d), as well as with bulky agricultural machines or loads that have a height of more than 4.5 m or a width more than 5 m. The passage of such vehicles is possible only with the permission of the head of the distance of the railway track.
Rice. 123. Crossing railway crossings:
a - traffic jam at the crossing; b-stop near an unguarded crossing; c - the tractor engine stalled at the crossing; d - the movement of the tractor with the seeder through the crossing.
To provide complete security on railway crossing closer than 100 m in front of it, overtaking is prohibited, as well as parking.
A particular danger arises in the event of a forced stop of the tractor at the crossing.
If such a stop occurs, then the tractor driver must immediately take all measures to remove the tractor from the crossing, and send the accompanying person 1000 m away from the crossing to signal the train to stop (Fig. 123, c). The tractor driver himself must remain near the tractor and try to remove it from the crossing. If the engine does not start, then it is necessary to turn on the decompressor and in 1st gear by turning on the starter or starting motor, remove the tractor or, using the start handle manually, try to move it with a tug of another tractor or car that has arrived. At the same time, the tractor driver must give a general alarm - one long and three short beeps. When a train appears, you need to run towards it, giving a stop signal: with a circular motion of your hand with a patch of bright matter - during the day and a torch or lantern - at night.
Responsibility for misuse vehicles and for traffic violations
All work on the tractor may only be carried out by order officials and must be documented accordingly. It is forbidden to arbitrarily use the tractor, especially for selfish purposes, for which the tractor driver is punished.
Unauthorized use for mercenary purposes of vehicles, machines or mechanisms belonging to enterprises, institutions, organizations, entails the imposition of an administrative penalty in the form of a fine on citizens in the amount of up to one hundred rubles and on officials - up to two hundred rubles, and on drivers of vehicles - in the amount of up to one hundred rubles or deprivation of the right to drive a vehicle for a period of up to one year with compensation for property damage.
The tractor driver is obliged to strictly comply with all the requirements of the Rules of the Road, the violation of which is liable.
So, specific types of violations for which the driver can be subjected to appropriate punishment are identified. The most dangerous violations include: exceeding the established speed limit; disobedience to traffic control signals; failure to comply with the requirements of road signs or road markings; violation of the rules for transporting people, overtaking, maneuvering, driving through intersections and pedestrian crossings, stopping public transport; violation of the terms of use lighting fixtures or failure to provide unimpeded passage to vehicles enjoying the right of way (vehicles giving special sound or flashing light signals or accompanied patrol cars or motorcycles of the State traffic inspectorate); transfer of control to persons who do not have the right to drive a vehicle.
For violation of at least one of the above rules, the driver may receive a warning or be subject to a fine in the amount of three to ten rubles. For a similar repeated violation during the year, the fine is increased to 50 rubles.
For those drivers who deliberately and repeatedly violate the Rules, more stringent administrative sanctions are provided. Increased responsibility for driving a vehicle while intoxicated. The amount of the fine levied on such violators has been increased to 100 rubles. Failure to pass the examination entails a fine of up to one hundred rubles or
deprivation of the driver's license to drive a vehicle for up to one year.
Responsibility of officials releasing vehicles onto the line, if available, has been strengthened technical faults(fine up to 50 rubles).
Drivers for driving cars, tractors and other self-propelled machines, trams and trolleybuses, as well as motorcycles and other mechanical vehicles in a state of intoxication, as well as for the transfer of control of a vehicle to a person in a state of intoxication, are subject to an administrative penalty in the form of a fine in the amount of one hundred rubles or deprivation of the right to drive a vehicle for a period of one to three years. Drivers who have the right to drive several types of vehicles are deprived of the right to drive all types of vehicles for committing these listed violations.
Driving vehicles by a person in a state of intoxication, committed repeatedly within a year, entails criminal liability and is punishable by deprivation of liberty for a term of up to one year, or correctional labor for a term of up to two years, or a fine of three hundred rubles, with deprivation of the driver of the right to drive vehicles for a period of three to five years.
The same action, committed by a person previously convicted of a crime, entails criminal liability and is punishable by imprisonment for a term of up to three years, with deprivation of the driver's right to drive vehicles for a term of up to five years.
