Modern cars sets in motion It is characterized by a certain scheme of work. Inside the chamber of this system burns fuel-air mixture. This means that when refueling a car with gasoline or diesel, the driver provides only one necessary element for the movement of the vehicle.
The fuel is mixed with air. gasoline or diesel. The fuel evaporates in front of the valves. In the cylinders, the mixture of fuel and air is burned by an electric spark. If issued, this means that the system has detected a deviation. This rich mixture. But you can independently see the engine malfunctions caused by such a problem. How to fix it, every car owner should know.
General concept
Understanding what is too rich mixture (VAZ, Skoda, BMW, Chevrolet, etc.), a few words should be said about the fuel itself. It consists of gasoline (diesel) and air correlated in a certain proportion. Liquid fuel is supplied to the engine cylinders. This ratio largely depends on its quantity.
A rich mixture is one that contains more gasoline and less air. Since there is not enough oxygen inside the combustion chamber, the process of engine operation loses power. Afterburning of gasoline occurs because of this already in the muffler. Some auto mechanics call this state of the fuel high-calorie.
These violations are reflected on the outside. A characteristic black soot, soot appears on them. There may be several reasons for this state of the engine system. They must be found and eliminated.
When the mixture gets rich
Deviations in the preparation of the mixture appear as a result of certain failures of the vehicle's systems. The injector is responsible for the process of creating fuel. It prepares mixtures with a certain percentage of oxygen. It is this ability of the presented engine element that allows the engine to operate in different modes.
If necessary, the driver can, thanks to such a device, increase speed, cope with the rise, overtake, etc.
It is determined by a mathematical formula. The ratio of 14.7 kg of oxygen per 1 kg of liquid fuel is considered normal. If in this formula, for some reason, the amount of oxygen increases, such a composition is called poor. If the amount of fuel in the mixture rises, the mixture acquires the status of rich.
The owner of the car can independently adjust the level of oxygen supply to the fuel mixture. Mistakes made in this process lead to breakdowns and improper operation of the vehicle.
Signs of deviation
Rich mixture - VAZ, UAZ, BMW, Audi and others existing brands cars - can be manifested by a wide range of deviations in the operation of the car. If such violations occur, it is urgent to find out the cause of this condition of the engine.
In vehicles in which an autoscanner is installed, when the deviations presented occur, an indicator lights up with the corresponding error code (P0172). The muffler in this case may emit loud pops. This is due to the combustion of air in the exhaust pipe. This is one of the first signs of violations.
At the same time, one can notice the appearance in exhaust gases black, grey. This is also due to the inappropriate way the fuel burns out. Exhaust is not cleaned. In the pipe is a large number of atmospheric oxygen. Therefore, the exhaust gas acquires a characteristic dirty tint.
Driving a car
Too rich mixture also appears in the management vehicle. Almost any driver will immediately notice this. The car becomes less dynamic. Engine power drops sharply. Since the combustion process in the motor chamber is slower, the mechanism is not able to work at full strength.
In some cases, the car may not even go. But this is with very serious deviations in the ratio of fuel and air in the combustion chamber.
When driving a car, the owner may notice that fuel consumption has increased. it's the same feature engine malfunctions due to operation with a rich mixture. This violation is explained simply. The engine in such conditions does not work efficiently. The fuel mixture is consumed incorrectly. To prevent low speed combustion, the engine begins to inject more liquid fuel into the chamber.
Main reasons
There are several main reasons that cause deviations in the ratio of air and gasoline. The most basic of them may be deviations in the engine control system, as well as drive malfunctions. air damper. An injector malfunction can also explain why rich mixture. Carburetor if set incorrectly, it can also cause deviations. Another factor in the formation of a rich mixture is the clogging of the air filter.
Often the cause of violations in the fuel system is the wrong actions of the car owner. In order to reduce gas mileage or increase engine power, the driver may not properly adjust the system. As a result, he gets problems with the engine and the need for extraordinary maintenance or even repairs.
Fuel deviations
Since the formation process combustible mixture consists of two main components (gasoline and air), violations are possible from the supply side of each of them. Excess fuel is determined much less frequently than lack of air. But typical fuel supply violations should be considered in more detail.
Too rich a mixture, the causes of which are related to the fuel system, can be caused by high pressure in the line. This deviation is caused by a malfunction of the fuel pump or regulation system. To check this version, use a special fuel gauge.
Deviations in the composition of the mixture can be caused by the adsorber. Due to a malfunction in the vapor recovery system, a large amount of gasoline is admitted through it.
Also may be faulty when closed may be unable to hold fuel. This causes it to enter the chamber even when the nozzles are closed.
Air supply problems
"Rich mixture" error, which is determined by the vehicle diagnostic system, is much more often caused by insufficient oxygen supply to the combustion chamber. There are several reasons for this violation.
First of all, it can be elementary contaminated air filter. For some reasons ( difficult conditions operation, driving dirty roads) this element of the oxygen purification system may become unusable even earlier than the period specified by the manufacturer. Therefore, it is necessary to visually evaluate the cleaner. If it is dirty, covered with oil, it must be replaced urgently. Otherwise, the motor will quickly fail.
In some cases, the cause of inadequate air supply to the combustion chamber may be a breakdown of its flow sensor. This will help to identify the system readings of the scanner. Sometimes a malfunction of the air pressure sensor in the manifold system is determined.
Automatic diagnostic system
If the vehicle diagnostic system indicates that a "Mixture too rich" error certain actions need to be taken. To do this, you need to understand the principles of the scanner.
Air is supplied to the fuel when diagnosing the MAP sensor and the lambda probe. Maybe it is caused by deviations of these particular systems. However, in addition to them, problems may be associated with deviations in thermal gaps (engine with LPG), with mechanical damage sealing materials, insufficient compression or deviation during timing operation.
To understand why automatic diagnostics indicates such an error, the vehicle owner can take several actions. First of all, you need to analyze the information that the scanner provides. Next, you can artificially simulate the conditions for the appearance of such a malfunction.
The next step may be to check the components and mechanisms, such as contacts, the absence of suction, as well as the operability of systems associated with the supply of fuel and oxygen to the combustion chamber.
Troubleshooting a system error
If the diagnostic system indicates that the vehicle is using a rich mixture, a number of actions must be taken. Failed node is found during the sequential check of each system. To do this, the JOT, MAF sensors, as well as the lambda probe, are checked with a multimeter.
If no deviations are found in these systems, it is necessary to pay attention to candles, coils and wires. Next, the fuel pressure is measured using a pressure gauge, and the ignition marks are also checked.
Then check the seals and connections at the air inlet, as well as the exhaust manifold. There shouldn't be any suction. After carrying out all the manipulations and eliminating the malfunction, the fuel supply adjustments are reset. In this case, long-term programs with respect to this setting return to their original value.
If the fuel tank is preparing mixture too rich, the first thing that experienced auto mechanics recommend doing is to reset additional settings injector work. If the owner made self settings fuel control system, he could make serious mistakes. rich fuel mixture will lead to inevitable engine failure very soon.
If the cause of deviations is related to the nozzle system, this can be determined visually. With such a malfunction outside the injector shows traces of fuel combustion.
Burning and soot can also be found on one side of the sealing copper ring. Such deviations are caused incorrect installation injector. If the O-ring is in the wrong place, similar malfunctions are also possible.
Rare breakdowns
Experts say that 90% of all errors are related to injector adjustment. Eliminating it is easy. The main thing is to pay attention in time to the incorrect operation of the car engine.
The most rare, exotic are considered to be malfunctions of the engine control unit, as well as the poor condition of the contacts. Sometimes there are cases of poisoning oxygen sensor. An experienced specialist is able to identify such deviations. In this case, not every car owner can solve the problem on their own.
Having considered what a rich mixture is, one can understand the danger of such a situation. In the event of an emergency, it is best to contact service center. Service stations have essential tool which can be used to diagnose. This will save the car's engine.
In general, the engine can stop pulling for a variety of reasons - this is one of the most common malfunctions, which can have a huge variety of reasons, and below we will consider the most likely ones, describe their symptoms and explore this issue in detail. After all, one day it can happen to each of us that the engine will lose power, without being accompanied by any more symptoms. Probably the engine is not giving any obvious signs no illnesses, it seems to be almost perfectly fine and does not make any unusual noises and vibrations, but it just does not pull as well as it usually does. And the problem seems to be getting worse and worse every day, although you probably didn’t even notice when the engine started to pull worse for the first time.
If you are familiar with this situation, then let's consider the following reasons reduction of motor thrust:
Poor quality fuel
First of all, you need to blame the fuel - remember where you last refueled - perhaps this is a new gas station or one with the fuel of which you had no experience of driving before. It is quite possible that this fuel simply turned out to be of very poor quality (it happens so much that you are just lucky if your engine just stops pulling - after all, for someone, the engine will probably stop starting at all until the owner completely replaces the fuel in the tank).
If you refuel at the gas station where you usually do, and nothing raises suspicions, go to local communities on social networks, a car club in your region / district, or just a city portal - perhaps there was simply a bad delivery of fuel at the gas station.
However, most often, along with the loss of traction, the incompatibility of the engine with such low-quality fuel has other symptoms - for example, such as instability of engine speed, difficulty starting, and some others, depending on how bad the fuel turned out to be and on the car model.
But it is most likely to determine poor quality you can use gasoline yourself by unscrewing the candles from the engine (this will require a special candle key) - in general, candles can often be used as a primary diagnostic method certain malfunctions in the combustion chamber of the engine, since it is they who most closely cooperate with this combustion chamber and, at the same time, are quick-detachable. If the fuel contains a large amount of metal-based additives, then the contacts of the candle and the "skirt" of the central diode will have a coating reddish color(as if a red brick was crushed onto a candle).
Dirty air filter
Your air filter may also simply get dirty, and in this case, eliminating the power loss will cost you, perhaps, cheaper than all other options - just replace the air filter - you can either buy it yourself or replace it yourself.
The problem with a dirty air filter is that fuel-air mixture, which enters the combustion chamber of your engine cylinders, enters there without a sufficient amount of air, and therefore the fuel does not burn completely, because a sufficient amount of oxygen is needed for its combustion. It turns out a situation similar to a runny nose in a person - he seems to eat enough and leads a healthy lifestyle, but at certain points in his life (during illness with this runny nose), clogged nasal passages do not allow him to breathe normally.
Dirty or old spark plugs
Spark plugs can very well be dirty or excessively worn, in which case if the engine is not pulling because of them, this is also a relatively inexpensive troubleshooting option - just clean the spark plugs or replace them. However, it should be borne in mind that both periodic fouling and wear of spark plugs is an abnormal process, and the reason for this lies, most likely, somewhere deeper, or in the spark plugs themselves.
Dirty fuel filter
The fuel filter, like the air filter, can cause loss of engine power. And the physics of the process here is similar to an air filter - if in the case described above the fuel did not completely burn out due to lack of air, then in the case of a contaminated fuel filter, on the contrary, an insufficient amount of fuel is supplied. In this case, it's simple.
Mechanical problems with the engine
If all the above methods did not save, and the engine still pulls the car badly, then it is time to entrust the matter to professionals - stop by good car service and diagnose the operation of the engine - checking the compression (degree of compression in the combustion chambers), for example, can tell a lot about the operation of the engine, including approaching the limit of its resource and upcoming expensive repairs.
Fuel system malfunction
It is quite probable that such a reason for the drop in engine traction is a violation of the normal operation of the fuel supply system to the cylinders, and here it can also be whole line the reasons that the motor is not gaining momentum, let's list the main ones:
- A defective (dirty) fuel pump due to, for example, low-quality fuel or suction of gasoline from the bottom of the tank, where most foreign particles of dirt have settled.
- Faulty injector or oxygen sensor.
- Leakage in hoses or fuel supply pipes where air is sucked in.
Catalyst or exhaust system clogged
The cause of a decrease in engine traction can also be contaminated catalytic converter or highway exhaust system. In both cases, replacing the corresponding contaminated component will help. It should be borne in mind that the catalyst, as a rule, is very expensive due to the content of noble metals in it in certain quantities.
We have listed the main and most likely causes possible loss engine power - you need to remember that there are a great many such reasons, and if you were unable to install them yourself, then you definitely need to go to a car service workshop to entrust this matter to professionals.
In this article, we'll take a look at a few common diesel engine problems, and how you can fix them on your own. And we will also figure out why these malfunctions can appear in a diesel engine.
The diesel engine does not pull (does not develop full power), but it does not smoke.
The most common causes of such a malfunction are a decrease in filter patency. coarse cleaning fuel in the car tank and a decrease in filter patency fine cleaning fuel. Many conscientious drivers change the fuel filter after a certain mileage of the car, as prescribed by the car manufacturer. But we forget that any manufacturer of an imported foreign car writes the terms for replacing the filter, counting on the fact that the car will be operated on normal European fuel.
It cannot even enter their heads that there may be dirt or water in the fuel, which in our domestic fuel common occurrence. Therefore, in order not to harm the engine and not lose power, the fuel filter should be changed twice as often, especially if you visit remote gas stations somewhere in the outback. And best of all, upgrade the fuel system of a diesel foreign car, as described in.
In order to be sure of such a malfunction, you need to change the regular opaque fuel line going from the fuel filter to the injection pump to a transparent hose (as in the photo on the left), which will be very useful in the further operation of the car (after replacing the hose, and the fuel filter, too, you will need bleed the fuel system, that is, remove air, read how to do this).
After replacing the hose (fuel line) with a transparent one, and pumping fuel system, start the engine, and if the fuel filter is clogged, then when the engine is running, circulating air bubbles will be visible in the transparent hose, and when the engine speed increases, they will be visible even more clearly. Moreover, from the presence of these air bubbles in the fuel system, the diesel engine can work intermittently (“troit”), naturally, engine power is lost from this.
We get rid of such a malfunction by replacing the fine filter, but before that it will be useful to unscrew it at the bottom fuel tank drain plug and drain the sludge. It will also be useful to clean the coarse fuel filter (mesh in the form of a barrel) located in the gas tank from dirt.
To do this, many cars have a special hatch (the one in which there is a fitting for connecting the fuel hose), by unscrewing which you can get to the coarse fuel filter. After all these operations, it will be necessary to bleed the fuel system in order to remove air from it (how to do this, follow the link above and read).
At idle and medium speeds, the diesel engine runs normally, but at high revs works intermittently ("troit").
Such a nuisance may be due to a malfunction of the gas distribution mechanism of the engine (timing), as well as due to air being sucked into the fuel system, or due to the above-described loss of fuel filter patency (the filter is clogged with dirt).
First, let's make sure whether the fine fuel filter is to blame or not and whether it is worth changing it. To do this, disconnect the fuel hose from the filter fitting (I hope you have already replaced it with a transparent one), which goes to the injection pump. Dip the end of the hose that you removed from the filter fitting into a bottle of clean diesel fuel and now start the engine.
If now the diesel engine works in all modes (at any speed) normally without interruption, then the malfunction was precisely due to a dirty fine filter and it should be replaced. If the malfunction does not disappear, then try to clean the coarse filter located in the fuel tank from dirt (I wrote about this above). Don't forget to bleed the fuel system afterwards.
If after that the malfunction does not disappear, and the fine filter is new, and you cleaned the coarse filter in the tank, then pay attention (when the engine is running) if there are air bubbles in the transparent fuel hose. If yes, then it is possible that the fuel system is leaking somewhere and air is getting into it.
Check all connections of metal and rubber fuel lines and fittings of the tank, pump, return hose (including under the bottom of the car), it may be necessary to tighten the clamp somewhere, or replace the rubber hose cracked from time to time. Typically, leaks are clearly visible in the characteristic wet spots from the fuel. After the leak has been eliminated, the fuel system should be bled (bleeded).
If you have replaced and cleaned all the filters, and no air bubbles are observed in the hose when the engine is running (and everything is tight), but still the diesel engine maximum speed(or above average) works intermittently (“troit”), then it remains to be checked (which, by the way, can “float away” due to a malfunction valve mechanism), and it is also worth checking and adjusting thermal gaps in the valves (read how to do this).
But sometimes this does not help, and either valves or restoration of their geometry is required. But before you remove the head for repair, you should determine why the compression is lost - due to leaks in the valve mechanism or due to piston wear.
How to do this, I already wrote and those who wish can read about it. If you are unable to eliminate all of the above malfunctions, then you should contact the services of specialists to repair the engine head and restore normal work Timing.
For more modern diesels, in the head of which hydraulic valve compensators are installed, interruptions in the operation of the engine may be due to a malfunction of the hydraulic compensators, for example, if one of them is jammed due to dirty oil. In general, such diesel engines are loved more quality oil and more frequent replacement (and filter too), just like turbo diesels.
To eliminate the jamming of the hydraulic compensator, in any case, you will have to disassemble the head, followed by washing or replacing parts (if they have scuffs).
When the diesel engine is running, it knocks, and if you sequentially disconnect the fuel lines from the injectors, then the knock disappears.
Such a malfunction may occur due to the failure of some kind of nozzle (for example, the nozzle needle may jam in the open position). You can determine which cylinder injector is out of order by disconnecting the fuel lines one by one. high pressure from injectors.
Well, the last reason why a diesel engine can smoke and not develop full power, this is the unsatisfactory operation of the injectors (for example, wear and loss of tightness of the needle and its seat - I wrote about the diagnostics and repair of injectors on my own in), but before unscrewing them from the engine and taking them to specialists for verification (crimping), first perform the above steps, starting with replacing the air filter.
By the way, I advise you to clarify the mileage of your car, I mean real mileage(how to find out the real mileage,), as on modern diesel engines with a system common rail, modern electro-hydraulic, or piezoelectric nozzles (I wrote about them) walk on our domestic fuel, as a rule, no more than 150 - 200 thousand km. And if your odometer does not have low mileage, as described just above, and the car is modern, that is, with a common rail fuel system, then injector diagnostics are definitely needed.
That's not all possible faults a fairly run-through diesel engine, and there are other ways to eliminate them, but I will try to talk about them in one of the following articles (we find the article).
I hope this article will help those drivers who like to fix most diesel engine problems, and the whole car with their own hands, good luck to everyone.
For the engine to develop full power, the following conditions must be met:
1 - good engine compression;
2 - stable and plentiful supply of fuel;
3 - a large amount of air.
If one of the above conditions is not met, then Engine efficiency will be low.
When traction is lost under load, this means that the engine control unit has switched to emergency mode. Emergency mode engine operation is provided for all modern machines. This mode is necessary so that the car does not quickly, but safely reach its destination.
To find the right reason I need to do computer diagnostics of the engine.
According to the results computer diagnostics we will understand in which direction to move and where to dig in order to find out the true cause of the malfunction.
If diesel the engine does not have enough fuel then check fuel equipment: .
If the diagnosis shows that diesel fuel enough, but the turbine is under-blowing and there are no errors in other systems, then it is advisable to measure the engine compression.
Lack of proper engine compression will result in the engine will not pull and develop full power. If there is no piston compression, but there is enough air and fuel, then a strong explosion will not happen anyway, thus there will be no good exhaust, and as we know, the exhaust spins the turbine, so the turbine will not inflate the required amount of air. Lack of air boost will cause the car to not pull.
The most common reason for lack of airflow- problems in the operation of the turbine and shutdown of the turbine itself.
Consider an engine with variable geometry turbines (the most common).
Turbine shutdown is usually due to one of two problems: one is related to air, the other is related to mechanical failure the turbine itself (impeller wear, axle play).
There are variable geometry turbines that are controlled by vacuum, and there are those that are controlled by an electronic actuator.
The machine has four sensors that fully affect the operation of the turbine.
1 - Boost pressure sensor. It will measure the air pressure in the intake manifold.
2 - Boost pressure regulator. This is a valve that controls the geometry, i.e. turns the turbine on and off.
3 - Temperature sensor intake air. Shows the temperature of the air entering the motor.
4 - Atmospheric pressure sensor. Measures the atmospheric pressure where the vehicle is moving (normal atmospheric pressure relative to sea level).
Most often it happens that the tightness of the air intake system is broken in the car. Thus, the turbine drives all the air out (the pipe is torn, the connection is poor at the joints, the intercooler (air cooling radiator) is cracked).
To identify such a problem, you need to check all intake system air for tightness.
Next most common problem: Faulty geometry in the turbine.
To check the geometry on the car, you need to remove the vacuum hose from the actuator on the turbine itself. Put another hose on it and try with your mouth or special device draw in air. After this procedure, the stem that controls the geometry must change its position. If it does not change its position, then there may be 2 reasons, either the membrane in the actuator is torn, or the geometry itself is jammed.
Failure of the boost pressure regulator and boost pressure sensordetected by the presence of errors in them in the results of computer diagnostics.
The boost pressure regulator can also be checked with a vacuum gauge.
Don't forget to check Vacuum pump And vacuum tubes throughout the machine for tightness. This is done as follows, disconnect the pipe in some place, put your hand on it, you should feel air being drawn in.
A turbine with an electronic actuator is checked only with the help of computer diagnostics!
Please note that "swirl" flaps (not available in all vehicles) can also affect the loss of traction.
We hope that this information will help you identify the reason why your car is not pulling or gaining full power, as well as gaining enough knowledge to communicate with car service specialists.
A power supply system (in other words, fuel) is provided. There is an opinion that diesel cars are more picky about fuel quality. It really is. Yes, and the repair of such a system is many times more expensive. Today we will consider what the diesel engine fuel system is, its device and the main malfunctions.
Device
Conditionally this system can be divided into two circuits: high and low pressure. The latter prepares the fuel and directs it to " next level", to the second circuit. The high pressure system performs the function of the final injection of fuel into the combustion chamber of the engine.
The low pressure circuit chain includes a number of structural components. These are a filter, a separator, a fuel drive, a heater, and also a pump. Fuel passes through each of the above parts. The pump creates pressure in the system, the heater in cold weather heats the "diesel fuel" to the desired temperature (since in winter it turns into paraffin slurry), and through the filter the fuel enters the second, no less important circuit in the system. It consists of the following parts:
- It connects with the filter.
- Nozzles. Recently, injectors with direct injection fuel. It is believed that they are designed for a more accurate dosage of fuel. The machine does not lose power, while the consumption drops.
- Fuel lines - lines through which the mixture enters the cylinders.
Below we will consider the main malfunctions of the diesel engine fuel system.
Difficult start
This happens especially often in cold weather. It is believed that it is almost impossible to start a diesel engine without preheating in winter. In order to somehow alleviate this situation, manufacturers have provided arctic fuel, which includes antifreeze additives. But a difficult start does not always indicate frozen fuel. If the car does not start well even “hot”, most likely the high-pressure pump, namely its injection elements, has failed. It is also worth checking the advance angle of the fuel supply to the engine. It is possible that the nozzles are worn out, due to which the mixture is poorly sprayed in the cylinder. In general, there are a lot of reasons for the difficult start of a diesel engine. Therefore, every detail is checked. Faulty may be incorrect operation of the pressure regulator, lack of fuel in front of the injection pump. Such malfunctions of the diesel engine fuel system (Volkswagen T4 is no exception) are accompanied by depressurization fuel lines, due to which air enters the pump, which is no longer able to develop the right pressure.
Power drop
Occurs due to wear or damage to the nozzles. Also, such malfunctions of the diesel engine fuel system occur due to not enough fuel that enters the pump. Since a filter is installed in front of it, it is likely that it is simply clogged.
Big expense
These malfunctions of the power supply systems of diesel engines occur due to an incorrectly set injection advance angle. Also increased consumption fuel is a consequence incorrect operation fuel pump. Mixture injection pressure level too high. In addition, consumption increases due to low compression in the cylinders.
Black smoke from the exhaust
And if on KamAZ trucks this is considered to be a “factory disease”, which the owners simply do not pay attention to, then on foreign cars the smoke from the chimney is a reason to think seriously. These signs of a diesel engine malfunction indicate poor cylinder carburetion, which may be due to late fuel injection. You should also check the injectors and valve clearances. The “blackness” itself is formed due to soot and loose closure of the intake / exhaust valves of the engine.
White and gray smoke
The head gasket may have been blown in the engine. If this smoke disappears over time, the motor is simply overcooled. This is normal for northern latitudes.
hard work
A diesel engine is inherently noisier than a gasoline engine. However, if the vibrations have increased, most likely, early fuel injection has occurred. Determining the malfunction of a diesel engine is carried out by diagnosing injectors. The compression level in the cylinders is also checked. Its minimum level should be 23 kilograms per cubic centimeter. The range of indicators between the cylinders does not exceed 5-10 percent. The average diesel engine produces about 27-30 "kilograms". Used to determine special tool- compression gauge.
Gaps in acceleration
Symptoms - too short stroke of the gas pedal. In this case, the accelerator linkage should be adjusted. Also check the air filter. It is possible that the high pressure is faulty, because of which it cannot generate the desired pressure in the system.
Swimming "idle"
In this case, check the sealing washers under the nozzles. Look at the fastening of the fuel wire between the filter and the pump. Tighten more if necessary. Also, with similar symptoms of a malfunction in the diesel engine fuel system, look at the pump base plate for damage. Possible wear crankshaft. "Idle" swim because of the excess pressure of gases in the crankcase - check the ventilation.
Engine stalled
If it stalls on the move, check the offset of the injection advance angle. This is a violation of the connection between the drive and the pump. It is also a dirty filter, which causes a lack of fuel and low supply pressure. As for the pump itself, it is possible to misalign the separator pistons or the rotor. It is worth noting that the injection pump is the most expensive part in the power system. diesel car. Due to the complex design, the element is difficult to repair, so the cost of restoration is comparable to the price of a new element purchased at a disassembly.
Prevention
To exclude malfunctions of the diesel engine fuel system (because a diesel failure is expensive and long), do not be lazy to carry out preventive maintenance. First of all, you need to flush the system at intervals of 1-2 times a year. This operation includes the dismantling of the fuel tank and the removal of the accumulated "sludge" in fuel filter. Practice shows that a lot of sediment is formed at the bottom during operation, which, when riding on empty tank instantly clogged in filters and highways.
Fuel type
This is especially true for the use of the car in the so-called transitional season. The air temperature has already dropped, and gas stations are selling the rest of the summer fuel. It loses its fluidity already at -5 degrees. Then it turns into paraffin, which clogs in the pump and filters. Be sure to specify at gas stations what type of fuel will be poured - summer or winter. If it so happened that the temperature has dropped sharply, and there is summer diesel fuel in the tank, warm the car as much as possible using preheater, or if it's a passenger car - connect a household heater to the garage. When starting a diesel engine, every degree matters.
Do not dilute fuel
Some craftsmen, if necessary, start a diesel engine in the winter, “bodyate” fuel with gasoline. This is absolutely impossible to do. In Russia, special arctic diesel additives have long been sold to prevent the formation of paraffin in the tank. In fact, these same additives are added to the usual summer fuel at gas stations - so it becomes suitable for operation in the winter. There is nothing illegal in this. But diluting it with gasoline is just suicide (meaning for the fuel system).
Warming up in winter
Warm up or not? The fuel system of a diesel engine, the device of which differs significantly from that of a gasoline engine, also needs to be this action. After starting the engine, let it idle for 3-5 minutes, after which drive the first 200 meters in a “sparing” mode for the car. diesel engine, unlike gasoline, colder - it warms up much longer. Long work on Idling is also not required, but you should not ignore the above recommendation.
gas station
Everyone scolds our gas stations for the poor quality of fuel, they say, there is no normal diesel fuel at Russian gas stations. This is fundamentally wrong. One simple rule: fill up the car expensive fuel at famous gas stations. Everyone wants to save money by buying fuel 10-15 percent cheaper market value literally queuing up. However, after a couple of weeks, having got to repair the fuel station, they begin to blame not themselves, but gas stations. In fact, this is so, but no one forces them there by force. You always have a choice. Remember the main thing - a miser pays twice.
How to increase the resource of high pressure fuel pump?
As we said earlier, this is one of the most critical parts of the fuel system.
In order for the high pressure pump to last longer and malfunctions of the diesel engine fuel system bypass you, you need to:
- Do not leave the tank "half empty" overnight. This is how condensate forms on his machines, which then penetrates into the nozzles and the pump.
- Periodically drain the sludge through the drain plug.
- Do not drive on an empty tank and a constantly burning light bulb.
Conclusion
So, we found out the main malfunctions of the diesel engine. By following these simple rules, you will significantly extend the life of the system and reduce the risk of "getting repaired".
