It is known that the operation of the car in the winter is associated with certain inconveniences. This is especially true for starting the engine. Every motorist would like the interior of the car to be warm after parking and the engine to be warm, so that when setting off on a journey, one can do without a long procedure for scraping frost from the windows and an eerie feeling that instead of a warm chair you sit on a piece of ice.
But in addition to subjective sensations, there are quite real problems - studies have shown that during the winter, due to daily cold start, the engine wears out in the same way as with a run of several thousand kilometers. An unheated engine emits three times more harmful emissions (even when the temperature is only minus seven) and consumes significantly more fuel than a warm one. Starting heaters can help in solving the problem. Such devices will be useful not only for those who store their car in an unheated garage or in an open parking lot, but also for anyone who wants their car to be ready for a trip at any time, regardless of the weather and time of day.
Heaters can be autonomous - they operate by using the fuel that the car runs on, and non-autonomous, operating from a conventional 220 V power supply.
What is an autonomous heater
This is a small device installed in the engine compartment, under the hood or bumper. The heater heat exchanger is connected to the engine cooling circuit, the electronics to the on-board network, and the fuel supply system to the vehicle tank. Switching on occurs either from a programmable timer located in the cabin, or from a remote control (from a distance of up to 600 m). A system for turning on the heater by telephone has recently appeared and has already proven itself well. Of course, such a system can be started by simply pressing a button on the timer, which, by turning on the heater every hour, will allow the car to warm up for an almost unlimited time (for example, in a parking lot). The only condition is that, for safety reasons, the heater cannot be used at gas stations, as well as in garages that do not have a special hood.
The principle of operation is as follows. After switching on from the timer or remote control, fuel and air are supplied to the combustion chamber of the heater. Their mixture is ignited and, burning, heats the liquid in the heat exchanger. With a special pump, it is pumped through the cooling circuit of the car, warming up the engine and the radiator of the standard heater, the fan of which turns on automatically.
When the temperature in the circuit exceeds the threshold, the heater operates with partial load, if the liquid continues to heat up, it is temporarily turned off. When the temperature falls below the critical level, the heater resumes operation. Within an hour, he warms up the antifreeze in the liquid circuit, giving as much heat as five kilowatt boilers, and consuming only half a liter of fuel during this time. The electricity consumption of such devices is minimal, for example, at the time of start-up, according to this indicator, they are comparable to one dipped beam lamp. In addition, having recognized a low battery charge, the heater control unit simply will not turn it on. And the main benefit is that a warm engine requires much less electricity to start than a cold one.
These devices comply with stringent fire safety standards, so no permits are required to install the heater.
Starting heaters can be retrofitted for all-weather use by installing a winter-summer switch. In summer mode, the heater turns on the fan at the appointed time, ventilating the interior even before the start of the trip.
Autonomous heaters are produced by two leading companies - Webasto (Thermo Top line) and Eberspacher (Hidronic line). The cost of their basic kits is about the same and ranges from $600 to $1200 without installation, which will require an additional $150.
On-line pre-heating of the car
This technology is based on the use of external energy sources, the most affordable of which is a 220 V household electrical network. This is a good alternative to "autonomous" for those whose car is near the house or in an unheated garage, and there is a regular electrical outlet at hand. Due to their low price, such heating elements are most widely used in Europe. For example, Mercedes Benz even makes special holes in the cylinder blocks of its cars for their installation.
The electric heating system consists of separate modules - a heating element for the engine, a control timer, an electric fan heater for heating the car interior and an automatic battery charger. These elements can be present in the system either all together or individually.
To organize only engine heating, a basic kit is sufficient, consisting of a heating element, an internal electrical cable with a mini-socket, usually cut into the bumper, and an external cable.
To warm up the cabin, an electric fan heater with a capacity of one and a half to two kilowatts is additionally installed. It is fixed in the car on a special bracket that allows you to quickly remove it and put it back in place, because the fan has a connector for an ordinary household electrical outlet and can be used as a household heater. Since this device is designed for continuous operation in the car, it is equipped with fire protection - in addition to a special heating element with a thermostat, it has a thermal bimetal fuse that trips when overheating.
To reduce power losses, heaters can be equipped with a timer with a control unit that turns on the system several hours before a pre-set time, depending on the ambient temperature.
Another component of such a system can be a charger. It is no secret that in winter it is necessary to monitor the condition of the battery more carefully than in summer, because the reduction in daylight hours forces the use of lighting fixtures much longer. In addition, in winter, the heater fan, heated windows, mirrors, seats and other electrical appliances that consume a large amount of energy are almost constantly turned on. The "smart" charger will monitor the status of the battery and recharge it if necessary.
The leading manufacturer of such systems is the Norwegian company DEFA AS. The cost of hardware without installation ranges from $100 to $600, depending on the configuration.
Autonomous air heaters
In winter conditions, warmth in the car interior is a necessary condition for its normal operation. Since heating with a running engine is often insufficient and always inefficient economically, such heaters can be considered as a necessary vehicle equipment for Russia. For example, in Europe, for some types of minibuses and trucks, their installation is mandatory.
Such a heater, which is actually an additional “stove” that operates independently of the engine on fuel from a regular tank, significantly improves the safety, comfort, efficiency, durability and environmental friendliness of the car.
These devices are controlled automatically by a special electronic unit. It smoothly changes the power of the heater, bringing the air temperature at its inlet to the value set on the thermostat of the combined timer. The start and stop of the heater operation are either made by a switch (or a special button on the timer), or occur automatically on the desired day and hour, set using a three-program timer. The operating time can be set from one minute to two hours. Either a switch is included in the scope of delivery (at the same time, a timer with an alarm function can be ordered additionally) or a combination timer.
The cost of heaters of this type, manufactured by Webasto and Eberspacher, varies from 800 to 2000 dollars.
In winter, many car owners experience problems with starting the power unit, as well as warming up the engine to the desired temperature. This is due to the mass of options for malfunctions, with the design features of the engine, as well as with the ambient temperature. If you're wondering if engine preheating makes sense in the winter, first think about your climate zone, powertrain type, and normal operating temperature. The higher the normal operating temperature of the engine, the more sensitive the unit to frost. For diesel power units, it is simply necessary to install a preheater for normal winter operation of the car. However, on many modern cars, this element is already installed at the factory. Almost all cars of medium and high class are equipped with heaters in the factory.
Before installing a heater and disrupting the regular electrical network, read the instructions for your car. Perhaps the heater is present in the base, and you do not have to buy anything. But a regular heater can only heat up the fuel in the system during the trip, preventing it from freezing, and also increase the operating temperature of the engine. If you want a starting preheater to warm up the unit before starting, you will have to buy and install additional equipment. Consider the features of the operation of a non-standard heater and the system of a modern car.
Diesel car heaters - a necessity or a luxury?
As mentioned above, preheaters are often already installed on modern diesel vehicles. However, their functionality is very limited, which forces owners to think through options for additional equipment of the car. In particular, you can install an additional device to warm up the engine cooling system before starting or completely replace the pre-installed heater with a more functional device. For a modern diesel car, the following functions of such an indispensable device as a preheater will be highly desirable:
- heating the coolant in the engine to normal start-up temperature and safe commissioning;
- maintaining the antifreeze temperature at a certain level due to the low heat transfer of the diesel engine;
- heating the air in the cabin - sometimes with a diesel engine it is extremely difficult to arrange the desired climate in the car;
- heating the fuel lines, which will help to avoid freezing of low-quality diesel fuel;
- heating the tank before starting and during operation, which will help maintain the desired state of the fuel.
When exposed to severe frost, diesel fuel turns into a jelly-like mass. The engine simply will not be able to pass such jelly through the nozzles, despite the huge pressure in the system. Solidification of the fuel inevitably leads to significant problems with the power unit. At a minimum, the engine will stall and will not want to start again. Without a preheater, it will be extremely difficult to drive a diesel engine in winter. This is fraught with a stop in some deserted place and the failure of the car to perform its basic functions. If you do not want this outcome, it is better to buy an electric heater and install it correctly in the system.
Gasoline engine - do you need a preheater?
In the case of a gasoline unit, everything is somewhat more complicated. There is an opinion that a preheater is not needed for a car with a gasoline engine. In fact, in severe frosts, this type of unit is extremely difficult to start, so such a convenient and functional device will obviously not hurt. However, high-quality heating can be convenient for those drivers who dream of automatically starting their car. By remotely starting the preheater or setting a timer, you can achieve the same effects as with a self-starting alarm:
- the engine will warm up before your arrival, it will be possible to sit down, start and immediately start moving;
- a certain comfortable temperature for you will be pumped in the cabin, subject to the presence of a climate module;
- the heater can be started remotely much easier than starting a car, especially in cold weather;
- with the help of a heater, the operating conditions of the engine will be noticeably changed, operation will be improved;
- the heating device can also easily help the regular climate system in heating the cabin;
- you can set a timer or control the functions of the heater remotely from the key fob.
Today there are many types of heaters for gasoline engines. It is enough to choose the option that suits you in terms of functionality. This will help to completely get rid of the problems associated with starting the engine in cold weather, with a cold interior and other troubles. If you have to deal with such problems regularly in winter, it is better to protect yourself from them by installing a heating device before starting. It is better to choose a functional and time-tested heater, giving preference to the most deserved manufacturers in this context.
Preheater equipment - choosing the optimal functions
First, it is worth deciding on the global type of heater. This may be an option with a small gasoline engine and intensive heating of the coolant due to the heating of the power unit, as well as an electric type of heater with a powerful heating element powered by your car's battery. Each option has its pros and cons. For a diesel unit, installing a gasoline heater does not make sense. But when installing an electrical module, you may need to get a more capacious battery. The important functions of the preheater are as follows:
- heating of the coolant with the possibility of passing it in a circle for uniform heating;
- an increase in the air temperature in the cabin due to the heating of the liquid and the inclusion of a fan or a separate climate module;
- work on the fuel system, heating the tubes for supplying fuel fluid to the engine, as well as the tank;
- automatic switching on at a certain temperature after the car has cooled down in the parking lot;
- remote control of the starting preheater to obtain the desired functions;
- timer for a certain time of turning on the heater in order to ensure comfort in operation.
You can buy a heater from various manufacturers. Today, pre-heating devices for diesel fuel have gained some distribution. But experts do not recommend installing them, because the quality of diesel fuel is relative, at -30 degrees most diesel fuel options turn into a gel. As a result, even with the preheater installed, you will not be able to obtain the necessary operating conditions for the power unit. It remains only to wait until the diesel fuel melts and acquires the desired shape. Moreover, many diesel vehicles will require cleaning after the fuel in the system has solidified. See an overview of autonomous heaters and some operating features:
Summing up
A high-quality starting preheater will always be quite an interesting addition to your car. But if you live in a climate zone where there is never a frost of -40 degrees, then this purchase is not so important. Many install affordable starting heaters in order to replace autonomous engine start modules with them, because in this case, car owners get the same functions at lower costs, as well as certain additional functionality for their car.
If you want to choose a preheater, use the forums and special sites with reviews of equipment. Most often, on such resources you can find truthful information, which is confirmed by the experience of operating a particular heater model. This will help you more easily decide on one or another version of the device, as well as choose the fully suitable functionality. How do you feel about the idea of installing an additional pre-heater on the car?
It is known that diesel fuel in winter is prone to an increase in viscosity and waxing, which makes it difficult or impossible to pump it through the fuel line pipes, and also worsens the conditions for mixture formation.
This applies especially to summer diesel grades, whose viscosity already at +3°C causes an increase in fuel consumption and a decrease in power. At -5…-7°C paraffin crystals begin to form, and at -12…-14°C diesel fuel is completely paraffinized and loses its filterability. Similar processes occur in winter varieties at lower temperatures. Thus, in order to ensure a stable supply of fuel through the fuel line, it is necessary first of all to solve the problem of the patency of the filter elements. The experience of operating vehicles both abroad and in our country shows that the best way to solve the problem of engine warm-up is local heating of the filter or heating of diesel fuel at the inlet to the filter.
"Two years ago, starting our work, we were faced with the fact that people know very little about diesel fuel heaters. Knowledgeable people bought heaters according to their needs, delivered them to the place with an opportunity and installed them on their own, - says Alexey Kashin, technical director of Princip. - So quite recently, only a select few had this equipment. Today, we are trying with all our might to convey to car owners that there is the necessary equipment for engine heating, and its installation is a real solution to the problem of uninterrupted operation of a diesel engine in winter, in our Ural climate.".
Specialized companies produce various types of electric fuel heaters powered by the on-board network.
Photo source: website
To begin with, let's consider pre-heaters for fine filters and flow-through fuel heaters installed in the fuel line before the filter. Operating experience has shown high efficiency of their use for warming up diesel engines in climatic zones with temperatures up to -45°C.
If a pre-heater is used to provide the necessary throughput of the fine filter by reducing the viscosity of diesel fuel and dissolving the petroleum paraffins formed in it at low temperatures, then a diesel fuel flow heater is usually used to automatically heat the diesel fuel in the fuel line with the engine running.
For example, the PP6-2 model has an electronic control circuit that, when the fuel temperature drops to +5°C, automatically turns on the engine warm-up, and when this temperature rises, the heater automatically turns off. Versatility is its hallmark, as this fuel heater is suitable for installation in front of the fine filter on any type of vehicle.
Bandage heater PB and PBA. It is designed to provide the required capacity of the fine filter by reducing the viscosity of the fuel and dissolving the oil paraffins formed in it during frost. Heats up the fuel filter and the fuel in it in three to five minutes, depending on weather conditions. Runs on battery and alternator. It has three standard sizes, as well as options with an off timer.
Due to the limited energy capacity of the battery and the generator, it is practically impossible to heat diesel fuel along the entire fuel route, and even more so in the fuel tank, in the field. To this end, the NOMACON plant has developed and successfully produces a heated fuel intake, in which the source of thermal energy is hot antifreeze coming from the engine.
Photo source: website
It is designed for combined heating of diesel fuel directly in the fuel tank. At the same time, the fuel intake not only performs the functions of a regular one, namely, taking fuel from the tank and draining the "return", but also provides heating of diesel fuel during vehicle operation. Instead of a standard one, it is installed on such vehicles as KamAZ, MAZ, Ural.
Heating of diesel fuel is carried out by posistor heating elements installed at the inlet to the fuel intake. And constant (operational) heating occurs due to heat exchange with hot coolant supplied to the TP from the cabin heating system. The efficiency of such heating is ensured by a significant thermal power - up to 2 kW, released during the circulation of antifreeze in the heat exchanger, and the original design of the heat exchanger. The use of TP makes it possible to abandon intermediate heaters, since the heat stored in the fuel, which has a large heat capacity, is sufficient to prevent paraffinization of the filters on the way to the fuel pump.
The design itself implements the idea of heating diesel fuel in a thin layer, which is washed in volume by a hot coolant moving at a higher speed. It is recommended to use it, including in frost, when the intake of frozen fuel with a regular fuel intake is impossible. In different models, a decrease in the viscosity of diesel fuel in winter conditions is ensured by heating the fuel with an electric heater, heated coolant and hot "return".
However, there is an alternative to this equipment. For example, the "anti-gel" additive, which is poured into the tank together with the fuel when refueling. It costs, of course, not cheap, and the standard dose is only enough for a couple of refills. In addition, by buying low-quality or fake additives, the car owner can cause considerable harm to the engine. "We propose to simplify the process and reduce the cost of the car owner,- says Alexey Kashin. - A man prepares a car once before the start of winter. To equip it, purchase and install by this time all the components and elements of the fuel line, filters and tank on a truck-type car, its owner will spend, roughly speaking, 9 thousand rubles. Depending on the on-board network: someone has 12, someone has 24 V. We give a one and a half year warranty, that is, people can drive for three seasons without any problems at all. So the competitive advantage becomes clear".
Photo source: websiteAdditive "antigel" is poured into the tank when refueling along with fuel
Autonomous liquid heaters are designed to warm up a diesel engine in winter in an independent and programmable mode. They are installed in any type of vehicle, including trucks, buses and special equipment. According to Aleksey Yakimov, Deputy Director of Avesto-Ural LLC, autonomous heaters owe their advantages primarily to programming capabilities. You can set any desired parameters, set the start time to the nearest minute. The simplest means of controlling engine warm-up is a mini-timer, smaller than a pack of cigarettes. It is designed to be programmed within the next 24 hours.
On the modular timer, which is slightly larger in size, it is possible to lay the program for the week ahead. In addition, you can choose a radio switch that looks like a small cell phone. It operates within 600 m.And the remote control, which fits in the palm of your hand, is generally something futuristic: a display, a built-in timer, and a range of up to 1,000 m.
Many car owners will certainly appreciate the feedback function. Sitting at home or at work, they can find out, for example, what is the temperature of the air inside the car, or set an engine warm-up program without leaving the room.
According to experts' forecasts, in Yekaterinburg, the saturation of the diesel fuel heater market is about 30%. At the same time, if we do not take into account the regular installation of the heater, 40% of the total consumption falls on the cargo sector. Several manufacturers of fuel heaters, including foreign ones, are represented on the local market. An example is the German company Webasto, which produces Thermo Top heaters and Eberspacher, which produces Hydronic.
Liquid heater "Gidronik" is connected to the cooling system, electrical network of the car and the fuel system of the car. The heating of the liquid in the cooling system occurs due to the heat released in the heater during the combustion of fuel. It warms up the engine and interior, saving fuel. The device has a diagnostic and safety system. The desired start time is selected using a digital timer. At the discretion of the car owner, Eberspacher offers several options for timers. One of the most popular today is EasyStart T - a "Comfort" class timer with the possibility of a seven-day preset. When "Hydronics" is turned on, the control lamp on the control panel lights up and the countdown of the heater's operating time begins. The duration of the work is from 10 to 120 minutes. Then the water pump starts to work and when the fluid circulates, the temperature of the fluid in the car's cooling system is measured by a special sensor. Depending on the received data, different operating modes can be set.
Photo source: site / trade /
Then, according to the program, the combustion chamber is pre-purged in order to remove the remnants of combustion products from the heater. After 45 seconds, fuel is supplied by the metering pump. After the formation of a stable flame, which is controlled by the sensor, the glow plug is turned off and the ignition of the fuel mixture occurs from the walls of the combustion chamber.
The operating modes of the heater are provided by changing the composition of the fuel mixture supplied to the combustion chamber "Hydronic" in the ratio of the amount of air and fuel. When a certain temperature in the cooling system is reached, an additional relay turns on the car's standard electric fan, thereby providing interior heating.
When the liquid is heated to +85°, the supply of fuel and air to the combustion chamber stops and the heater goes into standby mode, in which only the water pump continues to work. When the liquid temperature drops, the heater is switched on again, and so on until the operating time set on the control has expired.
Starting a car in winter is difficult for anyone who does not have an engine preheater. This device is designed to heat the coolant, which, in turn, heats the engine elements, which contributes to easy starting even at critically low temperatures. The operation of the RPM makes it possible not only to facilitate the start of the internal combustion engine, but to increase its resource and, in general, increase the comfort of operation in the winter period.
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For vehicles with an internal combustion engine capacity of 2.5. Can be scheduled to run using a timer. |
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For passenger cars, pickups and vans with petrol engines up to 2 liters. |
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Designed for a car engine with a volume of up to 4 liters with a liquid cooling system at low temperatures (up to - 45 ° C). |
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Works from a network. You can connect an electronic timer. For engines up to 4 liters. Power depending on modification 1-2 kW. |
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A set of equipment designed for maximum ease of starting a car at any sub-zero temperatures. For control - Futura mini-timer. |
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Autonomous liquid unit 12 Volt, 5 kW for engines up to 4 liters with a liquid cooling system at temperatures down to -45°C. |
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The power is 5.2 kW, which is enough to connect both according to the classical scheme and according to the scheme of a regular cabin heater. |
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Component model, convenient in that it is smaller, more powerful and suitable for installation in very limited space. |
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Power 15 kW. Suitable for trucks and buses. |
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It is structurally divided into two main units - a pump and a fuel pump. Can be placed anywhere. |
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Accelerates power from 7 to 30 kW. Consumes from 0.7-3.7 diesel per hour. Include/switch off from the panel, control of temperature - ry automatic. |
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You don’t need to start the engine - you can turn it on right from the evening and maintain the temp until the start of the movement. |
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It operates from a standard 220V network and warms up the engine to the temperature recommended by the manufacturer in about an hour. |
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After starting the engine, the electronic control unit automatically turns on the diesel fuel heater if its temperature is below 5°C. |
Varieties of engine preheaters
According to the principle of operation of PPD for gasoline and diesel engines, they are divided into two main groups:
- autonomous;
- electrical.
Autonomous
They use the fuel of the car itself as energy. They are more convenient, do not depend on external sources, but are more expensive. If there is no standard heater, a ready-made installation kit is installed at the service station.
Electrical
This option requires a 220V power supply. The principle of operation is similar to that of a conventional boiler, in which the coolant is heated. The circulation is carried out by gravity (the heated one rises, and the cold one goes down).
Autonomous liquid heaters are installed under the hood of the car and operate on one of the types of fuel: gasoline, diesel fuel, gas.
Longfei with pump 3 kW
Heats the coolant and makes it move through a small cycle, warming up the power unit even without its idle operation, without wasting fuel. Heating element is used for heating, circulation - centrifugal pumping equipment. These elements are located in the body of the device and operate from a household power supply with a voltage of 220 volts.
Longfei 3 kW
This model has a thermostat and power control system. When the coolant reaches the upper temperature limit, the equipment turns off. As soon as it cools down to the lower set limit, the heating and the pump automatically turn on. As a result, the engine is always ready to start and start moving.
Longfei's miniature autonomous heaters are designed to meet the needs of the market. Their dimensions are only 8 × 7.7 × 11.8 cm. The heaters are securely fastened to the branch pipes with the help of clamps, without requiring special fastening for this. They are fixed in a consistent way by cutting into the inlet tube of the interior stove. The model evenly warms up the engine at high speed. Electronics has high protection against moisture and is reliable.
The price of Lunfei is from 2390 rubles.
Eberspächer HYDRONIC 3 B4E is installed on petrol engines. Power 4 kW. On-board network voltage - 12V. Very easy to install and operate, the kit includes a CD with a description of the installation process and technical specifications.
Infinitely adjustable heating power, increased protection against water and salt, accelerated heating of antifreeze, reduced current consumption, low noise level. According to the official website of the manufacturer, this is one of the best options for a passenger car.
The heater "Binar-5S" is designed to warm up a gasoline engine up to four liters before starting. Used at low temperatures down to -45°C. It can work in two modes: heater and preheater.
Specifications:
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Starting heaters for passenger cars are presented in a large assortment, consider the most popular models of 2018. The heater Webasto t400vl is designed specifically for the Russian market. A distinctive feature is the ability to warm up not only the car engine, but the creation of a comfortable temperature in the cabin.
WEBASTO Thermo Top Evo Comfort+ The power of the Webasto brand unit is 5 kW, which is enough for normal operation on gasoline engines with a displacement of up to 4 liters. The set of delivery does not provide for a regular control body. Higher coolant temperature, early start of the adp5 fan, faster heating due to fluid pump control and better heat transfer "work" for maximum efficiency. Severs is a budget volatile heater that runs on a standard power supply. Includes thermostat to protect against engine overheating. Heating up to 60°С is carried out in 1-1.5 hours. At a temperature of 85°C, the system stops working. If the temperature of the coolant drops to 50°C, the heater starts up again. It is noteworthy that the heater has protection against moisture and electric shock.
The only downside of Severs is that he needs an outlet, so you can use such a device only if there is an electrical outlet. DEFA WarmUp 1350 wFutura - the maximum pre-heating system for the engine, interior and car battery charging. The system is controlled through the Futura mini-timer.
The kit includes:
The big advantage is that the device consists of blocks-modules and armored connecting cables. By choice, they can be installed either as separate blocks or as a whole complex. How to warm up the engine when there is no outlet nearby? Option one is to burn your own fuel. This is how autonomous preheaters are arranged: these are small stoves that burn fuel taken from the tank and heat the built-in heat exchanger. Such a starting preheater is easy to automate - connect a timer to it, a control output from an alarm. Teplostar prelaunch BINAR-5S (gasoline)The BINAR-5S engine preheater is a domestic analogue of the well-known German Webasto, which compares favorably with it in price and with a wider operating temperature range - up to -45°C. It is installed on passenger cars with a liquid cooling system running on gasoline.
The operation of "BINAR-5S" is controlled through an alarm system, timer remote control or through an application via a GSM modem. This makes it possible, on command or according to a schedule, to heat the antifreeze in the car to a temperature of 85 0C, followed by shutdown or reheating at low power. A set of equipment designed to be connected to a cabin heater or as a separate unit for easier starting a car in winter.
It is installed on all types of equipment, including commercial vehicles and trucks. The kit includes:
Users in the reviews pay attention to the fact that Thermo Top Evo Comfort, although it is intended only for heating the engine without a passenger compartment (there is a more expensive version of Top Evo Comfort + for this), wires for the interior heater function are also included in the cable braid.
The petrol version has a maximum heating output of 5 kW at the start of the engine warm-up cycle. During operation, the power of the engine heater is reduced to 1.5 kW, which leads to a decrease in fuel consumption and battery charge. Diesel at sub-zero temperatures becomes thick, like jelly, as a result of which it becomes extremely difficult to start the engine even at -10 ° C. Someone chooses diesel of special winter grades, but it is not sold at all gas stations. Others choose a diesel engine preheater. One does not interfere with the other, but together it will create ideal conditions for any frost. TEPLOSTAR 14TS-10, 20TSG, 15TSG are new models with a capacity of 12-20 kW designed for buses and trucks that run on diesel fuel or compressed natural gas. It is installed even on Kamaz
Teplostar Diesel engine-heater 14TC-10-12-C Such heaters provide warming up of the engine of the motor vehicle and salon in a cold season. The main advantages of cars (diesel), on which the installed heater "TEPLOSTAR":
Liquid Hydronic 35 is designed for installation in buses, trucks, container structures, special equipment, ships. The heating power is 35 kW, which contributes to the fastest and most efficient heating of the engine, car interior, cabins, cabs of trucks.
Hydronic is structurally divided into two main units - a pump and a fuel pump, which allows you to install it in any chosen place, which saves space. This design is optimal for installation in vehicles with a lack of free space under the hood. APZH-30D - pre-heater for diesel engine. The heater requires 24V power to operate.
Specifications:
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MITSUBISHI Lancer Evo VI, EVO VIII 2.0 16V / 4G63
MITSUBISHI Pajero 2.3 turbodiesel /2.5 turbodiesel, SEAT Malaga 1.7D
Duramax DAIHATSU Rocky 2.8D, 2.8TD.
Daewoo Matiz 0.8 / A08S, 1.0 / B10S
Spark 1.0/2010-/B10D1, 1.2/2010-/B12D1
NISSAN Monteringssats, 300 ZX / VG30
Nissan Almera 2.0D / 1995- / DA20
Bluebird 1.6/1984-/CA16, 1.8/1984-/CA18 1.8 turbo/1984-/CA18, 2.0/1984-/CA20, Cherry 1.0/1982-/E10, 1.3/1982-/E13, 1.5, 1.5 turbo/1982 - / ¤E15, 1.7 diesel / CD17,
Nissan Patrol 2.8TD/RD28T
Prairie 1.5/E15, 1.8/CA18, 2.0/CA20,
Stanza 1.6 / ¤CA16, 1.8 / CA18
Suzuki Monteringssats, Alto 1.1/2002-/F10D
Toyota Monteringssats Carina 1.8 diesel / 1C
Toyota Corolla diesel *** / Lite-Ace diesel /WEIDEMANN Monteringssats T4512CC35 - /3TNV82A
VOLKSWAGEN Monteringssats LT 31D / Perkins
Volvo BM/VCE
Volvo CE Monteringssats EC 15C-/D1.1, EC18C-/2010-/D1.1 EC20C-/2010-/D1.1, EC27C-/2010-/D1.6 EC35C-/2010-/D1.6, ECR 28 - / ECR 38 - / ECR 58 - / ECR 88 - / ECR48C - / 2010- / D2.2, ECR58 Plus - / D3.1, ECR88 Plus - / D3.1
Ford Probe 2.5i V6 24V
Honda Accord 2.0i-16/-1989 /B20A
Honda Legend 2.5, 2.7
Honda Prelude 2.0i -16V / 1986-1991 /B20A
Mazda 2 1.3 (DE) / 2008- / ZJ, 1.5 (DE) / 2008- / ZY
Mazda 3 1.4(BK)/2004-/ZJ, 1.6(BK)/2004-/Z6
Mazda 323 2.0i V6 24V
Mazda 626 2.5i V6
Mazda MX-3 1.8i 24V V6
Mazda MX-6 2.5i 24V V6
Mazda Xedos 6 2.0i 24V V6 /
Mazda Xedos 9 2.0i 24V V6 /K8-ZE, 2.5i 24V V6
Land Rover 825, 827-/-1995.
Branch pipe electric heaters for internal combustion engines
In addition to block ones, which are mounted directly into the block, there are branch pipes, which are installed in the section of the pipe.
Such a heater is only suitable if the diameter of the nozzle corresponds to the diameter of the device.
The manufacturers START (M1 / M2), DEFA and Calix also have branch pipes. They are also not difficult to install with your own hands.
Such modifications of branch pipe preheaters are suitable only for domestic VAZ, UAZ and GAZ cars.
Remote heating devices for cars
One of the types of electric heaters is remote. The design is more complicated than that of the previous types. The kit includes hoses, clamps, thermostats.
Brands of domestic remote starting preheaters Severs-M (1-3), Alliance, Severs +, Atlant Smart, Atlant + and others.
An analogue of foreign-made Hotstart TPS (HOTSTART), as a rule, is already standard in cars. Its cost is about 8 thousand rubles.
There are also models with forced circulation of the coolant. All previous versions of electric motor heaters had natural circulation.
American Hotstart worth about 25 thousand rubles. Russian analogues with forced circulation are much cheaper, about 2.5 tr. These are Atlant, Atlant+, etc.
And, how not to mention the world-famous Chinese manufacturers - this is XIN JI, whose power is not more than 1.8 kW.
heating plates
The ability to heat the engine with special heating plates is gaining popularity. They are installed mainly on the cylinder block body and on the crankcase.
The principle of operation of the heating plates is similar to that of electric heating elements. There are models that operate on a 220V network with a frequency of 50 Hertz, and there are those that operate on 12 Volts.
Plate power range from 0.1 to 1.5 kW. Temperature range from +90 to +180 degrees.
Do-it-yourself installation is also possible. Having previously chosen a place for installation, it is necessary to clean it of dirt and degrease this place and glue the plate.
Important! The heating plates must not heat the battery.
Such heating elements will not be able to quickly heat the coolant and the engine, they are designed to work in a long mode. 
Advantages of heating plates for internal combustion engines:
- Reliable and durable. Do not require repair. The warranty period is long.
- Easily mounted. There is no need to contact the service for installation. The kit includes an adhesive tape that must be glued to a cleaned and degreased place.
- Safe. Moisture and dust resistance increase the life of the plates.
- Wear resistant. Not afraid of moisture. The plates have a protective layer.
- Profitability. The cost of electricity is less than the cost of fuel (gasoline, diesel fuel).
Disadvantages of heating plates
- The high cost of such an engine heater.
- When the plates are powered by a car battery (battery), it is subject to increased wear.
The spread of preheating plates is due to the fact that their use is very convenient.
| Model | Characteristics | Cost, rub. at the beginning of 2018 |
| Flexible heating plate Keenovo (Kinovo) 100W 12V | Max. temperature +180 degrees. Overall dimensions 152x127 mm with 5 mm sponge. Suitable for engines up to 3 liters. | 3600 |
| Flexible heating plate Keenovo (Kinovo) 250 W 220 V | Heats up to a temperature of +90 degrees. Same dimensions as the previous model. Included is a cable 1 m long. For installation on the engine crankcase, BC, transmission units. | 3600 |
| Keenovo Flexible Heating Plate 250W 220V | Can heat up to 150 degrees. The sizes are the same. 1m cable available. | 3600 |
| Hotstart (Hotstart) AF10024 | Power 0.1 kW. Voltage 220 V. Dimensions: 127x101 mm. | 8000 |
| Hotstart (Hotstart) AF15024 | Power 0.15 kW. Voltage 220 V. Dimensions: 127x101 mm. | 10000 |
| Hotstart (Hotstart) AF25024 | Power 0.25 kW. Voltage 220 V. Dimensions: 127x101 mm. | 10000 |
Conclusion
Having studied the advantages and disadvantages of heaters, we see that autonomous heaters are better. Therefore, if there is a financial opportunity, it is better to install a reliable autonomy right away. Among the electric ones there are convenient plate heating elements.
The video shows a test of the popular VIBASTO engine heater.
