All about diesel fuel. Diesel fuel

Diesel fuel is inferior to gasoline in popularity, but continues to be used in the engines of the most different types. At the same time, it has many undeniable merits over other fuels. There are certain features of a diesel engine. First of all, it concerns classification.

Previously, diesel fuel was more often used for refueling tractor engines, as well as similar equipment. The reason for this is the lower fuel consumption per engine hour, and the power loss is negligible compared to petrol engines. Another reason for the prevalence of diesel engines is environmental and fire safety. Since explosions, fires gas equipment occur much more frequently.

Diesel fuel is a product of the petroleum industry. Its appearance was the result of the need for engines that are as efficient as possible and, at the same time, powerful enough. Rudolf Diesel, whose name is this species fuel, is not a pioneer. The diesel engine was developed in 1860. But for a number of reasons, its use did not make economic sense.

At the same time, at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, Germany urgently needed engines running on cheaper fuel, an alternative to gasoline and lighting gas. The solution was the invention of Rudolf Diesel, who finalized the design already developed by another scientist. Initially diesel generator, which became the prototype of the modern diesel engine, had only 2 cylinders. Later, 2 more were added.

There are several alternative names for diesel fuel. One of these is solar. This word came from the German Solarol - solar oil. Previously, this is what they called the weighted fraction of oil obtained as a result of processing. It is she who is the first option for this type of fuel. Over the course of time, the standards set for diesel have undergone major changes. Each country in the 20th century developed its own standards for the classification of diesel fuel.

For example, in the Soviet Union for a long time GOST 1666-42 and GOST 1666-51 were in effect. The official designation for diesel fuel was "solar oil". It was used to refuel medium-speed engines - from 600 to 1000 rpm. "Diesel fuel" of that time could not be used in high-speed engines, its composition and properties are quite significantly different from modern diesel fuel.

Main settings

All types of diesel fuel can be divided into two main categories:

• for high-speed engines;
• for low speed engines.

distillate low viscosity oil means pouring into car engines. Having a higher viscosity, fuel is usually poured into various low-speed vehicles. These are tractors, low-speed river boats and much more.

Before pouring fuel into a particular vehicle, it is important to make sure that its properties comply with the required standards. Otherwise, the combustion chamber will be damaged, the motor may simply fail. Which will lead to the need for its overhaul.

The process of obtaining the types of fuel indicated above differs significantly. Distillate includes properly purified kerosene type fractions. Direct distillation is used - this allows you to make the combustion of fuel as fast as possible. At the same time, high-viscosity fuel includes a mixture of fuel oil, as well as kerosene-gas oil fractions.

Depending on various factors, the calorific value of both types of fuel can vary. On average, this figure is approximately 42,624 kJ / kg. Exists common standard, which must comply with all diesel fuel without exception today. It is designated as GOST 32511-2013. It became mandatory for use relatively recently - 01/01/15.

Be sure to select diesel fuel for its sample before being put on sale. When analyzing the parameters, the list of some characteristics should be within the normal range. Otherwise, it will be simply unacceptable to produce this type of fuel for sale. The main points include:

• viscosity, liquid content;
• flammability;
• sulfur content.

Viscosity and water content

Based on this characteristic, two main types of fuel are established - winter and summer. The main parameter according to which the division into classes is carried out is the limiting filterability temperature, as well as the cloud point and pour point.

It is important to remember that it is necessary to choose a certain type of diesel fuel for pouring in a certain season. It is not uncommon that the use of an inappropriate type of diesel fuel led to its solidification in the fuel line. As a result, it is impossible to operate the equipment in normal mode.

It is possible to use summer diesel fuel only at temperatures above -100C. Otherwise, no freezing will take place, but a higher viscosity. That leads to negative consequences- a problem in the operation of the engine or the impossibility of starting it. Some vehicles use a special heater for the fuel. This allows you to use any type of diesel fuel, regardless of the time of year, ambient temperature.

Another serious problem is the presence of water in the fuel. Since water is much heavier than diesel fuel, it begins to gradually accumulate in the lower part of the fuel tank. As a result, a water plug may form in the fuel system of a car or other equipment. This interferes with the normal operation of the engine. That is why basic standards have been established regarding kinematic viscosity diesel fuel. This indicator differs for summer/ winter diesel fuel:

• For summer look at a temperature of +200C and more - more than 3cSt;
• for the winter look - more than 1.8 Cst;
• for a special variety (Arctic) - more than 1.5 Cst.

This standard is established by GOST 305-82 of 1982. One of mandatory conditions compliance with this standard is the complete absence of water in fuel mixture. It is due to this that it is possible to use it in the indicated operating conditions.

Flammability

One of the most important features is the cetane number. This indicator means the ability of diesel fuel to ignite when certain conditions occur in the combustion chamber. The standard defines ASTM D613. For diesel fuel, the flash point is set at +7000C, determined by ASTM D93. The distillation temperature for diesel fuel must again fit into certain standards - not less than 2000C and not more than 3500C.

The amount of sulfur in the composition

One of the most important characteristics, on the basis of which fuel types are divided into Euro 1-5 standards, is a certain amount of sulfur per unit volume. In this case, sulfur refers to the presence of certain compounds of a given substance. The list of categories taken into account in determining the categories includes:

• mercaptan;
• thiophene;
• thiophane;
• disulfide;
• sulfide.

At the same time, elemental sulfur, indicated in the periodic table, as such is not taken into account when determining the standards. In accordance with these most modern standards used in the State of California and Europe, the amount of sulfur compounds per unit volume must not exceed 0.001%. This is approximately 10 ppm.

Many automakers say that reducing the amount of sulfur compounds in diesel fuel leads to a decrease in its lubricating qualities. Which leads to more rapid wear engine. But this position is not unambiguous. On this moment time, modern diesel fuel includes additional additives that lubricate the engine.

Classification of diesel fuel in the USSR

In accordance with GOST 305-82, diesel fuel in the Soviet Union was divided into 3 main categories:

• summer;
• winter;
• arctic.

Summer was understood as diesel fuel, the use of which was recommended at a temperature not lower than 00C. The flash point was set at l-0 or 2-40. Under the winter was understood diesel fuel, the use of which was allowed up to -200C. At the same time, no restrictions were imposed on the use of such winter diesel fuel in the summer. In fact, it was universal.

Arctic-type diesel fuel is the most expensive in production, its use is allowed at temperatures up to -500C. Requirements to this type fuels are set as high as possible.

Classification of diesel fuel by type

In the European Union, since 1993, it has been used special system standards applicable to diesel fuel. Such a standard is designated as EN-590. In accordance with this standard, the basic requirements for the amount of sulfur content, as well as other characteristics of the fuel, are established. The very first standard was designated as Euro-1. At the moment, the Euro-5 standard is valid.

This type of standard allows the classification of fuels by temperature and climatic zones of use. For example, Class A-F implies use at temperatures from +5 to -200C. Separate criteria exist for negative temperatures.

On the territory of the Russian Federation, they immediately decided to switch from Soviet classification standards to European ones. At the moment, GOST-R 52369-2005 is valid. According to its parameters, it corresponds to the characteristics set for EN-590.

The distribution is carried out depending on the amount of sulfur contained:

• species No. 1 - less than 350 mg / kg;
• species No. 2 - less than 50 mg / kg;
• species No. 3 - less than 10 mg / kg.

Classification of diesel fuel by class

This type of fuel is also divided into separate grades depending on the use in a particular climate. The main criterion is the limiting filterability temperature. The division into varieties is carried out as follows:

• GRADE A - at a temperature of more than +50C;
• GRADE B - at a temperature of more than 00C;
• GRADE С – more than -50С;
• GRADE D - more than -100С and so on.

The standards in it are set as stringent as possible, since failure to comply with them leads to problems with the fuel system when the ambient air reaches a sufficiently low temperature.

Today, the breakdown by class is as follows:

• Class 0 - use from -200С;
• Class 1 - from -260С;
• Class 2 - from -320С;
• Class 3 - from -380С;
• Class 4 - from -440С.

There is a special marking applied on the territory Customs Union countries such as Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan. Before you start using such fuel, you should carefully read the climatic requirements in a particular region. Using the wrong one can lead to serious trouble. Up to engine failure in some cases. Similar situations also take place.

Outcome

On the territory of Moscow and the Moscow region, relatively recently they switched to the Euro-5 fuel standard. It is for this reason that the quality of both diesel fuel and gasoline in this region is an order of magnitude higher than in the rest. Compliance with these fuel standards is established by federal law. That is why, without exception, all manufacturing companies (Lukoil, Bashneft and others) are required to comply with the established requirements.

Fuel control for compliance with standards is carried out at the state level. At the same time, there is a large number of a variety of varieties, types of diesel fuel. If possible, it is worth familiarizing yourself with this information in advance.

Diesel fuel is the second most popular petroleum product after gasoline. And this is not surprising, because in our country the number diesel vehicles grows annually. But most drivers know next to nothing about diesel fuel. Naturally, every car owner knows how summer diesel fuel differs from winter diesel fuel or where you can buy a high-quality oil product. But the rest of the information, as a rule, remains hidden from the eyes of consumers. To find interesting information, you have to "shovel" more than one site.

We decided to correct this shortcoming and create a section where the most useful and up-to-date data on diesel fuel will be published. Here you will learn about the main features and characteristics of the fuel. You can use this information to your advantage. After all, our main task is to make information accessible. You won't need to explore many sites to get a small piece of information. We will give you the opportunity to have the full amount of information. The composition of the fuel, its scope, interaction with additives - all this will be published in the section "All about diesel fuel". As far as possible, we will replenish it with new articles. If there is new information, you will be the first to know about it.

In our section, for example, you will learn how to distinguish first-class diesel fuel from low-quality petroleum products, or whether store-bought additives will spoil factory diesel fuel. In addition, we will inform you about the most latest developments in the solar industry. You can also get acquainted with little-known facts from the history of diesel fuel.

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Today, more and more motorists prefer cars with diesel engines. The main reason is efficiency, reliability, ease of operation. But there are also disadvantages that cross out all the advantages - poor fuel for diesel engines and a lack of knowledge about diesel fuel among domestic motorists. As a result, there are many problems in operation - contamination of the fuel system, reduction, freezing of diesel fuel in frosty weather, and so on. To avoid trouble, you should know as much as possible about diesel fuel and, most importantly, be able to choose it.

Characteristics of diesel fuel

In its structure, the fuel for is different from the usual gasoline. In the people, such a composition is called "solar oil". In fact, this is a mixture of hydrocarbons that are formed by distillation of petroleum products and the selection of the necessary fractions from them. Diesel fuel is based on hydrocarbons, which differ high temperature boiling - about 300-350 degrees Celsius.
Such different compositions of gasoline and diesel explain the difference in approaches to the operation of engines. For example, in gasoline engine fuel is ignited by a spark (the source of the latter is a spark plug). For gasoline, knock resistance, that is, the octane number, is of key importance. In turn, the diesel engine works by creating more powerful degree compression.

The main parameter characterizing the quality of the mixture is the cetane number. It is from it that one can judge how quickly diesel fuel ignites in the cylinder power node. The higher the cetane number, the less time it takes to ignite the combustible mixture and the more efficient the engine. Actually, the cetane number reflects the time delay between the injection of the fuel mixture into the combustion chamber of the cylinders and its ignition.

If the cetane number is below 40, then engine performance will be unsatisfactory. There are strong ignition delays, power drops, detonation occurs, and the overall life of the motor decreases. For fuel of normal quality, the cetane number should be at the level of 48-52. As for solar more High Quality, then its cetane number can even reach 53-55.
Russian standards for tanning beds are considered to be among the "softest". Here it is allowed to use diesel fuel with a cetane number of 48 units and higher (for winter fuel). But there are exceptions. For example, for some winter views diesel fuels that have depressant additives in their composition, it is allowed to produce and sell solariums with the parameter we describe from 40 or more.
I would like to note that too high a cetane number is also not very good. For example, if the indicator exceeds the “60” mark, then the fuel simply will not have time to burn out, the exhaust smoke increases, the “voracity” of the vehicle increases, and so on.

Something else useful for you:

Main fuels for diesel engines

Often, beginners forget about the main drawback of diesel fuel - its ability to freeze even with a slight frost. In such a situation, and to solve the problem, it is necessary to apply a whole range of measures to warm up the main elements and increase the temperature of diesel fuel in the system. To prevent this, it is important to choose the right diesel fuel, to know its types and features.
Of the main classes of diesel fuel can be distinguished:

1. Summer diesel fuel

Its feature is a liquid state at a temperature of "zero" degrees Celsius or more. The main parameters include:

• cetane number, usually from 45 degrees Celsius or more;
• viscosity. At a temperature of 20-22 C it is 4-6 square meters. mm/s;
• density. At a temperature of 20-22 C, it is up to 850-860 kg / cubic meter;
• – from -10 degrees Celsius and below. In practice, such fuel can solidify even earlier (from -3-5 degrees Celsius).

Main disadvantage summer fuel- the appearance of moisture condensate inside the tank, flaking of moisture and its accumulation in the lower part of the tank. This feature causes a lot of problems for motorists:

1. in summer, a water “plug” can block and lead to malfunctions;
2. in winter, moisture freezes and immobilizes the car even with minimal frost. That's why even before the onset of cold weather summer diesel fuel you need to completely drain the tank and replace it with a better winter composition.

2. Winter diesel fuel

This type of diesel fuel is the most popular in Russia. At the same time, one should not forget about its main feature - freezing when it reaches 30 degrees below zero. For regions with severe winters, such fuel for diesel engines is not the best option.
The main characteristics of winter diesel fuel include:

• cetane number - from 44-45;
• density - up to 830-840 kg / cubic meter;
• viscosity - from 1.9 to 4.9-5.0 sq. mm / s.

The viscosity and density parameters are given for a temperature of 20-22 degrees Celsius.

3. Arctic

This is the best option for areas where outside temperatures can drop well below 30 degrees. Such a diesel fuel is able to adequately withstand frosts down to -50 degrees Celsius, which is significantly lower than that of competitors. The main characteristics of arctic fuel include:

• cetane number - from 40;
• density - up to 820-830 kg / cu. meter;
• viscosity - from 1.5 to 4.0 sq. mm/s

The viscosity and density parameters, as in previous cases, are given for a temperature of 20-22 degrees Celsius.

Video: How to start a frozen diesel engine ?!

Diesel fuel environmental standards

1. Euro-3 is an already outdated diesel fuel standard that was relevant until 2005 (in the EU). After the emergence of new requirements, Euro-3 ceased to meet the standards, and was discontinued;
2. Euro 4 - relatively new standard, which replaced the outdated Euro-3 standard. In the EU, Euro-4 has been used since 2005. Since the beginning of 2013, all vehicles imported into Russia must comply with this class. The only exception is cars manufactured before the end of 2012. They are still allowed to conform to the older standard;
3. Euro 3. IN soon it is planned to generally prohibit the operation of cars with a standard below Euro-4;
4. the Euro 5 standard is the newest. In the EU, it is mandatory for trucks issued since 10.2008, and for passenger cars– since 09.2009. The standard is also valid on the territory of the Russian Federation. In particular, it applies to all cars that are imported into the territory of the state;
5. include biodiesel. Its feature is the presence of animal and vegetable fats in the composition. Actually, the very structure of diesel fuel is completely natural, and the composition is the result of the processing of soybeans, rapeseed and other plants. The peculiarity of the fuel is that it can be used both in pure form and as a special additive to conventional fuels.

You can recognize biodiesel by special designation. So, in the USA, the presence of biodiesel in the composition can be judged by the presence of the letter "B" in the name. Next is a number that shows the percentage special composition V total mass. As for the color number, for this type of fuel it is about 50-51.

Diesel fuel performance

The main indicators of fuel for diesel engines include:

1. Cetane number (we talked about it above). Its value makes it possible to judge the future economic indicators of the power unit and its power. The larger this parameter, the better the engine works;
2. The fractional composition allows you to determine how well the fuel will burn, what is the toxicity of the exhaust gases, what will be the level of smoke, and so on;
3. low temperature properties. This parameter determines the freezing temperature of the fuel and the features of its storage;
4. Viscosity and density. These characteristics determine how high-quality the fuel supply to the engine, its atomization and filtration will be;
5. Flash point. This parameter determines how safe it is to use diesel fuel in diesel engines;
6. Purity level. The cleaner the solarium, the greater resource will have various filters auto and CPG power unit;
7. The presence of sulfur. Such an admixture can lead to the formation of corrosion, increased soot and wear on internal elements engine and fuel system.

Conclusion

If you have chosen a car with a diesel engine, then it is important to know as much as possible about the fuel for them, the features of its choice and operation. In this case, you can achieve better car efficiency, eliminate problems with excess water in the tank and freezing of fuel.

Diesel fuel is used mainly in automotive diesel engines and is a bulky oil fraction. High-quality diesel fuel should provide elastic and soft operation of the engine, without unnecessary sounds and tapping. Its distinguishing attribute is proportionality to the conditions of supply to the cylinders by special equipment. Fuel should not retain a noticeable amount of carbon deposits, contain water and third-party mechanical substances. It should contain as little as possible and organic acids. Among other things, the fuel must have a fixed degree of viscosity and the lowest possible ignition and pour point.

All of these parameters are scheduled for a specific purpose. For example, the specific viscosity of the fuel ensures proper lubrication of the equipment. When the viscosity is insufficient, the lubrication of the rubbing units deteriorates, and this leads to their increased abrasion. In addition, fuel with a lower viscosity will be sucked through the gaps in the sleeves of the pumps and plungers. As a result of such losses, the supply of fuel falls, and the power of the diesel engine decreases. But too much viscosity can provoke certain problems: difficulty in injecting fuel into the cylinders.

Temperature properties also play a significant role. The reliability of the engine in the conditions of the cold season depends on the level of the pour point of the fuel. A decrease in the auto-ignition temperature greatly facilitates the start of a diesel engine.

A gentle build-up of pressure in the cylinders during fuel combustion becomes a central prerequisite for the smooth operation of a diesel engine. It is possible only in the case when the fuel ignites immediately after its first particles enter the engine cylinders. Slowing this movement will inevitably cause a fair amount of fuel to ignite once, and this will cause a sharp jump in pressure levels, and as a result, a harder engine load. Therefore, it is so important that diesel fuel is characterized by the shortest possible ignition delay.

This quality of diesel fuel is certified by a specific value - the cetane number. This number is considered conditional and is the same as the share of cetane in a mixture with alphamethylnaphthalene, which is forced to be equal in flammability with fuel. Moreover, cetane is a hydrocarbon with the smallest, and alphamethylnaphthalene - with the maximum ignition delay. The higher the cetane number, the more flexible operation a given fuel can provide for an engine.

For overall combustion without residue, the fuel must be properly mixed with air, and here its fractional composition is of key importance. The amount of surface fractions contained in diesel fuel is limited allowable temperature flash, or the temperature at which instantaneous ignition of fuel vapor occurs when an open flame is close.

To diagnose whether the fuel is suitable for use in winter, allows the value of the temperature limits of its solidification and turbidity. When diesel fuel becomes cloudy, tiny paraffin crystals begin to form. And when the pour point is reached, the lability of the fuel is lost, because all the paraffin contained in it crystallizes.

The amount of sulfur in the fuel is also strictly limited. Most suitable is a fuel with a sulfur percentage of less than 0.2%. The smallest increase in this concentration - up to 0.5% - can lead to increased abrasion of engine parts.

The use of a particular type of diesel fuel directly depends on temperature criteria environment. How colder climate, the lower the viscosity should be characterized by diesel fuel, and the lower should be the values ​​of its pour point and cloud point. At positive temperatures, summer diesel fuel is used, up to -20 degrees - winter, and below this limit, special arctic fuel must be used.

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Diesel fuel is a fairly old, but still in demand type of fuel for piston engines. And if earlier its scope was limited due to Low quality and toxic products of combustion, more and more passenger cars are now equipped with diesel engines, and scientists are working to improve performance characteristics and make diesel fuel environmentally friendly.

What is diesel fuel

Diesel fuel is a heavy fraction of oil, which are based on hydrocarbons with a high - 200-350°C - boiling point. It is used as a fuel in diesel engines and gas diesel engines.

Why in diesel? Because unlike gasoline engines, in which a mixture of gasoline with air is ignited by a spark, in a diesel piston engine, the fuel ignites spontaneously under strong compression.

Externally, diesel fuel is a transparent liquid with a higher viscosity than gasoline, the color of which can be either yellow or brown. different shades. The color is influenced by the resins in the composition of the fuel.

When burned, any fuel produces energy. Diesel fuel, in addition to this main task, performs several other important functions in the operation of the engine. It lubricates friction surfaces in fuel injectors and pumps, cools the walls of the combustion chamber and regulates exhaust parameters on engines.

Sea and river vessels, diesel locomotives, military and trucks Almost all heavy vehicles run on diesel engines.

In recent decades, it has become popular in developed European countries a car that runs on diesel fuel. Fuel consumption is 40% less in a diesel engine, and pulling force, power, patency and safety exhaust gases more than petrol.

It is economical in operation and at a cost of fuel. It is used in stationary diesel generators and in boilers of autonomous heating systems.

Solar oil, popularly referred to simply as diesel fuel, is a residual diesel fuel with high viscosity and a boiling point of up to 400°C. This type of fuel is used for low-speed engines on water and railway transport, tractors. In addition, solarium impregnates the skin in the leather industry. Solar oil is part of the cutting fluid for metal cutting and quenching fluid for heat treatment.

Main characteristics

cetane number ( main parameter diesel fuel) characterizes the flammability of the fuel. It defines the burn delay period working mixture, that is, the time that elapses between the injection of fuel into the cylinder and the start of its combustion. The shorter this period of time, the higher the cetane number, and the shorter the engine warm-up time. True, this increases the exhaust smoke, which becomes critical when cetane number above 55.

For the processes of injection and injection of fuel, its viscosity is important, on which the lubricating characteristics also depend.

Its efficiency and economy depend on it, because the higher the density, the more energy is generated during combustion.

An important characteristic is the amount of sulfur that diesel fuel contains. These are sulfur compounds that reduce the corrosion resistance of the fuel system.

The quality of diesel fuel is also indicated by the limiting filterability temperature, that is, the temperature at which diesel fuel thickens so much that it no longer passes at all or passes very slowly through a filter with certain dimensions.

It is below the cloud point, that is, the temperature at which the paraffin contained in the fuel begins to crystallize.

Until 2015, diesel fuel in Russian standards was divided into types. In the state standard, introduced in January 2015, the division coincides with the division into environmental classes in accordance with the European standard and takes place depending on the sulfur content in the fuel. Sulfur content not more than 350, 50 and 10 mg/kg corresponds to type I, type II and mind III according to obsolete and environmental classes K3, K4 and K5 according to the new state standard, respectively.

It is not recommended to use fuel in which high performance sulfur content, as this increases harmful emissions into the atmosphere, accelerates corrosion and wear of the fuel system elements, respectively, increases the cost of frequent replacement filters and oils.

As a rule, the improvement of some properties leads to the deterioration of others. Reducing the sulfur content is a decrease in the lubricating properties of diesel fuel. Therefore, in order to preserve one of the main functions, various additives are added to the fuel.

Diesel fuel grades

The grades of diesel fuel differ in the temperature below which the fuel cannot be used. The limiting filterability temperature is used as a criterion. Moreover, summer and off-season diesel fuel is divided into varieties with this indicator not lower than -20 ° C.

Grade A is characterized by a temperature not lower than 5°C above zero. For each subsequent grade B, C, D, E and F, the indicator is reduced by 5°C.

An example is EURO diesel fuel, grade C, type II and III, or in new version environmental classes K4 and K5 with a filtering temperature of up to five degrees below zero and a sulfur content of not more than 50 and 10 milligrams per kilogram of fuel.

Diesel fuel classes

The division into classes of diesel fuel for winter or cold climates is not only based on the filtering temperature, the second characteristic is the cloud point.

In winter and arctic diesel fuel at low temperatures paraffin crystallization begins, which degrades performance.

	Diesel class	Limiting filterability temperature, °С	Cloud point, °C

If in the designation of diesel fuel after the designation of diesel fuel there is not a letter, but a number, then this fuel is winter or arctic.

Diesel grades

According to the physicochemical and conditions of use, diesel fuel is divided into four types, which are marked with capital letters of the alphabet:

Summer (L), which includes fuel grades A, B, C, D with a limiting filterability temperature from +5 to -10 ° C. This diesel fuel can be used at temperatures not lower than 0°C.

Off-season (E), grades E and F, with temperatures up to -15 and -20°C, respectively, is used in autumn, when the air temperature ranges from +5 to -5°C.

Winter (Z), which is divided into classes from 0 to 3 and the filtering temperature in the range from -20 to -38°C and is used at an air temperature of at least minus 20°C.

Arctic (A) class 4 fuel with a filtering temperature limit of minus 44°C and an ambient temperature of up to minus 50°C (in documents, a negative value is often accompanied by the word "minus" and not an icon to avoid inaccuracies).

Fuel marking

Diesel fuel grades include the name (DT), grade or class, depending on the conditions of use and environmental class. That is, only two parameters are indicated in the brand: sulfur content and maximum filterability temperature.

Today, you can find both new and obsolete designations, for example, DT winter EURO 5 grade F, which stands for winter diesel fuel with a sulfur content of not more than 50 mg / kg and a filtering limit temperature of up to minus 20 ° C, that is, the most used in conditions Russian winter with high requirements for environmental friendliness fuel.

Until now, there is also such a marking L-0.2-62, that is, top-grade summer fuel with an indication of the amount of sulfur (200 mg / kg) and a flash point of 62 ° C. The flash point is not the main indicator, but with other characteristics being equal, the best for purposes fire safety fuel with a higher temperature is considered.

How to store diesel fuel

For the average consumer with personal car With diesel engine, the issue of storing diesel fuel is not worth it.

But for where fuel is bought in bulk and stored for a long time, the problem of storage is very relevant.

Storage of diesel fuel is possible at a temperature of 20°C during the year and at a temperature above 30 0 C from six months to a year in sealed containers protected from direct sunlight.

During storage, the fuel should not come into contact with copper, brass or zinc, so that the fuel does not become contaminated with the products of chemical reactions with these metals. In addition, it must be protected from moisture and dust and must not contain additives that may degrade during storage. For example, in diesel fuels with high class environmental friendliness additives are added to increase lubricity, which decompose very quickly.

The efficiency of this fuel is high, the scope of its application is steadily growing. There are new brands of diesel fuel and new sources of its production. Now there are new developments, and diesel fuel is produced not only from oil. Maybe the future belongs to diesel fuel from vegetable oils.