Do you know who they belong to? In principle, at first glance, the answer to this question is quite easy. But it's not so simple. Especially with regards to the various departments famous brands, in which you can even get confused. Plus, over the past decades, many car brands have become the property of other car companies. So today only an expert and connoisseur of the modern car market can easily name who owns car brands.
For example, for decades the British brand Vauxhall and the German brand Opel were owned by the American company General Motors. But in March 2017, the deal of the year (maybe even the deal of the decade) took place, in which the PSA group of companies acquired the Vauxhall and Opel car brands for $2.3 billion. This means that now the Vauxhall and Opel brands are owned by a joint company of Peugeot and Citroën brands, which created the PSA auto alliance. That is, now the Vauxhall and Opel brands belong to the French car brands.
So, as you can see, not everything is so simple in the modern car market. But thanks to our material, you can find out who owns which car brands these days. This will help you not only expand your knowledge in the automotive world, but also become a real connoisseur in the world of automotive corporations.
BMW Group
Manufacturer aircraft engines Rapp Motorenwerke created Bayerische Motoren Werke in 1917. Bayerische Motoren Werke further merged with the aviation company ayerische Flugzeug-Werke in 1922. In 1923, the combined corporation began to produce engines for motorcycles, and also launched the production of motorbikes. In 1928, the production of automobiles began. Today it has a rather simple structure.
Here are the brands currently owned by the BMW Group:
bmw
Mini
Rolls Royce
BMW Motorrad (motorcycle brand)
Daimler
Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft (DMG) was founded in 1899. In 1926 she merged with by Benz&Cie. From that moment on, Daimler-Benz AG appeared in the world.
The headquarters is located in Stuttgart, Germany.
The company has a fairly complex corporate structure that includes brands ranging from microcar maker Smart to school bus maker.
Here are the brands Daimler owns today:
mercedes benz
Smart
Mercedes-Benz Truck (Manufacturer of trucks)
Freightliner (U.S. tractor and truck manufacturer)
Fuso (Manufacture of commercial trucks)
Western Star (Manufacture of semi-trailers)
Bharatbenz (Indian automobile company that manufactures buses and trucks)
Mercedes-Benz Vans (Manufacturer of minibuses and minivans)
Mercedes-Benz Buses (Bus manufacturer)
Setra (Manufacture of buses)
Thomas Built (Manufacturer of school buses)
(Mercedes-AMG (production of powerful and sports cars based on serial Mercedes models) - a division that is part of Daimler AG).
General Motors
In 1908 Buick owner William K. Durant, together with the Olds Motor Vehicle Company (Oldsmobile), founded a holding company that was supposed to help car brands compete in the car market. In 1909, Cadillac and Oakland joined the holding, which later received the new name Pontiac. Later, General Motors began to take over many small car companies. So, in 1918, the brand entered the holding.
General Motors is headquartered in Detroit, Michigan, USA.
In 2008, following the global financial crisis, General Motors shut down brands such as Oldsmobile, Pontiac, Saturn and Hummer.
The corporation currently controls the following companies:
Autobaojun (Car manufacturer in China)
Buick
Cadillac
Chevrolet
GMC
Holden (Australian car manufacturer)
Jiefang (Chinese company that manufactures commercial vehicles)
Wuling (Car manufacturer in China)
Fiat Chrysler
Italian company and American Chrysler brand officially completed their merger in October 2014, creating the Fiat Chrysler Automobiles alliance. This process started in 2011.
Recall that Fiat began its history back in 1899 (Società Anonima Fabbrica Italiana di Automobili Torino).
Fiat Chrysler Automobiles is technically headquartered in London, England. However, most of the actual work is done at Chrysler's headquarters in Auburn Hills, Michigan, USA, and Fiat's headquarters in Turin, Italy.
The FCA Alliance manages:
Chrysler
Dodge
Jeep
Ram
fiat
Alfa Romeo
Fiat Professional
Lancia
Maserati
Tata Motors is headquartered in Mumbai, India.
Tata operates the following companies:
Tata
Land Rover
Jaguar
Tata Daewoo (Production of commercial vehicles)
Toyota Group
The automotive division of Toyoy Automatic Loom Works entered the automotive market in 1935 with the launch of the G1 pickup truck. Then in 1937 automotive division was made into a separate Motor Company company. First Toyota car became the GA truck, which replaced the old Toyota G1 model.
Toyota is headquartered in Toyota City, Japan.
Toyota Group owns:
Toyota
Lexus
Hino (Production of commercial vehicles)
Daihatsu
Volkswagen Group
The roots go back to the days of Nazi Germany, when the country sought to mobilize the population to create " people's car". By the way, before the start of World War II, Volkswagen was able to produce the first batch of such cars. But then the plant switched to the production of military vehicles. After the war, production " people's car"continued. It was the legendary "Beetle" ( Volkswagen Beetle). As a result, 21 million cars were produced.
Volkswagen headquarters is located in Wolfsburg, Germany.
At present Volkswagen Group controls:
Volkswagen
Audi
Bentley
Bugatti
Lamborghini
Porsche
SEAT
Skoda
MAN (Production of heavy trucks)
Scania (Another company that produces heavy trucks and trucks)
Volkswagen Commercial (Manufacture of commercial vehicles: minivans, minibuses, vans)
Ducati (Motorcycle manufacturing)
Zhejiang Geely
Li Shufu founded Zhejiang Geely Holding Group in 1986. In 1997, he created Geely Automobile. Despite the fact that this is a fairly young car company, the concern owns several large car holdings through smart acquisitions.
Zhejiang Geely is headquartered in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
The company controls the following brands:
Geely Auto
Volvo
lotus
Proton (Malaysia)
London EV Company (Production of taxi cars for London)
Polestar (Manufacture of electric vehicles)
Lynk & Co. premium brand, focused on the production of expensive electric cars)
Yuan Cheng Auto (Manufacture of commercial vehicles)
Terrafugia (Flying car manufacturing)
Recent investments make Geely largest shareholder of Volvo AB, which manufactures commercial vehicles and is responsible for brands and Renault Trucks(production of trucks Volvo and Renault).
In this section, we will study the history of the creation and development of well-known world brands. We will understand what helped great companies become such, what is at the heart of their mission and values. What principles of success were laid down in them by the founders, etc.
I am a young entrepreneur, I have several business projects and I want these projects to grow and become no less outstanding than those companies that will understand this rubric.
To do this, I decided not to invent a wheel, but to follow in the footsteps of the greats. And we'll start with Ford motor company, or in the common people Ford.
Go ahead - the slogan of the legendary brand Ford motor company. To understand what the Ford people mean by this concept, watch a short but very effective promotional video below:
Ford Motor Company ranks second in terms of vehicle production in Europe, third in the US market and fourth in the world. Under the Ford brand, the company produces models of passenger cars and commercial vehicles, and it also owns the Lincoln trademark.
The enterprises of the legendary American automobile manufacturer are located in 65 countries - in the USA, Canada, Argentina, Spain, China, Russia, etc.
The total number of employees employed by Ford Motor is about 171,000. The company's sales for 2012 amounted to more than 130 billion dollars!
In the list of the largest public companies, according to Forbes magazine, Ford Motor Company ranks 4th in its industry, behind the top three - German companies Volkswagen Group and Daimler (1st and 3rd places) and Japanese Toyota Motor.
Ford Motor is one of largest companies in a single-family-run world, the Fords own about 40% of the shares. Securities publicly traded companies are traded on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE). The cost of one share is about $2 (April 2013).
According to Forbes, the company's market capitalization in 2013 reached over $51 billion!
But the history of Ford Motor is interesting not only in terms of financial performance, but also interesting facts. It was this company that first used the classic auto assembly line, and this, of course, is the merit of its legendary founder.
In 2013, the company celebrates its 110th anniversary, and this period exceeds the life expectancy of an average person! Ford Motor Company is a real dinosaur of the automotive industry.
What is her secret to longevity and success? Let's try to figure it out
The company's headquarters is located in Dearborn (Michigan), where it was born on July 30, 1863. As they say, where he was born - there he came in handy, in 2013 marks the 150th anniversary of the birth of Henry Ford, and his life's work is still developing and flourishing.
Now at the helm modern automotive industry stands William Ford Jr., great-grandson of Henry Ford, who is Chairman of the Board of Directors of Ford Motor. In 2001, he headed the company, whose losses at that time amounted to about 5 billion dollars.
Ford Jr. was able to bring her to three years, moreover, it was he who invited Alan Mulally, a talented manager who managed to find the right company strategy in the 3rd millennium, to the position of president of the company.
Competitive costs, high quality, benefit to society - these are the basic principles of company management that Henry Ford bequeathed, and his descendant is still guided by his great-grandfather's success formula.
These thoughts I have already adopted. For example, one of my areas is training and the provision of educational and consulting services. I have work to do here. I want to make sure that I have the most quality services.
This is an issue that needs serious consideration. I constantly ask myself: “How can I improve my services? What is the best way to serve a customer? What else can I do to make a person get more for the same price?”
In another project (online store mistersaver.ru) I also try to apply these principles. The very direction of energy-saving technologies was chosen by me because it is possible to benefit society here. Unfortunately, I cannot answer for the high quality of the goods, since I am not a manufacturer. But I still try to reduce the risks of my clients.
For example, we have a 45-day product test drive. During this time, the client can try the solutions we offer, and if they disappoint him, then we return the money.
In general, when posing the above questions, you can come up with many interesting solutions. But let's get back to the Fords.
How did the history of the family business begin?
The Ford Motor Company was founded in 1903 by Michigan entrepreneurs, who held a 25.5% stake in the newly created enterprise. A van factory in Detroit was converted into a car plant.
Under the leadership of Ford, who is both vice president and chief engineer, workers assembled cars from parts supplied by other factories. Already in July 1903, the Ford Motor Company sold its first car.
At the time, the company only assembled "to order" cars, and Ford faced a shortage of skilled workers to produce "hand-built" cars. He decided to standardize car parts so that even non-specialists could assemble them.
In 1908, the plant produced the Ford-T model - a reliable and inexpensive car. Ford introduces an uninterrupted line for assembling Ford-T in the shops; thanks to assembly lines, car production reaches a record level - a new car rolls off the assembly line every 10 seconds! Innovation at Ford Motor serves as the starting point for the development of mass production throughout the world.
Ford's product "Ford-T" boosts America's economy - in 1909, the authorities construct a mile-long section of concrete on a street in Detroit, which marked the beginning of mass road construction.
In 2008 in Richmond (Indiana) within the framework of the 100-yearanniversary car "Ford-T»the party was over« T-Party”, which set itself the goal of entering the Guinness Book of Records in terms of the number of cars of this particular model that took part in it. According to rough estimates, out of 15 million cars produced by the company from 1908 to 1927, almost one hundred thousand cars have survived today!
Some Ford-Ts got to their holiday on their own - one of the "anniversaries" ran almost 3000 km on his four wheels! Here's a museum piece for you! Such a "race" can be envied and modern car.
In 1999, more than 120 experts from 32 countries rightfully called the Ford T the most important car XX century!
In 1919, Henry Ford and his son Edsel buy out the company's shares from other shareholders and become the sole owners of Ford Motor. In the same year, Edsel inherits the management of the company.
In 1927, when sales of the beloved, but already obsolete Ford-T are not profitable, Ford stops production and starts creating a new car. In 1927, he introduced the new Ford A model, which stood out favorably for its design and technical parameters.
With the entry of the United States into the Second world war, Ford Motor begins to produce jeeps and trucks for the army - the company "forgave" the pro-Nazi sympathies of its founder, when in the 30s. in Germany, Ford organized the production of tracked and wheeled vehicles for the Wehrmacht.
In 1943, after the sudden death of his son, Henry Ford again returned to the presidency, and in September 1945 he transferred powers to his eldest grandson, Henry Ford II.
With the death of the company's founder in 1947, an era ends for Ford Motor. But, despite the death of its legendary mastermind, the company continues to develop actively.
Today Ford is one of the most famous brands in the world, and the company's famous oval logo has been around for over half a century! The Ford Motor brand emblem has changed several times. The first logo was invented by an assistant of Henry Ford, but after a few years it was changed, in 1906 trademark acquired new features - the "flying" spelling of the first and last letters of the company's name emphasized the rapid movement forward.
In 1907, thanks to the English representatives of the company, an oval logo appears, symbolizing the “mark of the highest standard” - efficiency and reliability.
In 1911, the company's emblem was finally established - the oval shape of the logo was combined with a "flying" spelling. The first car with this badge on the grille was the Ford A.
Since 1976, the Ford emblem in the form of an oval with a blue background and silver letters has been placed on all cars of the company.
In 2003, in honor of the 100th anniversary of Ford Motor, the design of the famous Ford badge was slightly changed - the logo was given the features of the very first historical emblems.
However, in the 21st century, the company did not limit itself to redesigning the logo. The company's strategy has undergone major changes.
Previously, Ford Motor was geographically divided into three structures: Ford North America, Ford Asia Pacific and Ford of Europe. Each of these divisions had its own model range, different models were used for cars of regional markets. technical solutions and design.
However, company president Alan Mulally, who took over Ford Motor in September 2006, announced a new strategic direction, One Ford, that same year. A change in strategy was required in order to save the company from ruin - its losses at that time amounted to about 17 billion dollars.
The key idea of One Ford was that the company is gradually starting to produce cars that are common to all markets - the world is becoming global and it needs global cars. An example of such a “worldwide” car was the Ford Focus III, built on a single platform.
As part of new strategy, the company sells its luxury brands - Aston Martin, Jaguar, Volvo. During the crisis, it was necessary to make the company simpler, and since 85% of its business was provided by the Ford brand, all efforts and means are thrown precisely to save it.
In 2010, the company produced about 45 car models; according to the president of the company, this figure is planned to be reduced to 20-25.
To unite the company's regional divisions into "One Ford", Mulally managed to reconstruct the information division and raise its authority: for the first time in the history of Ford Motor, the director of the IT department entered the board of directors and began to report directly to the CEO.
The factory in Dearborn, the hometown of Henry Ford, was also able to survive the economic crisis. Previously, the enterprise was idle for weeks, but competent management and the production of Ford Focus F150 pickups allowed the plant to survive difficult times without government injections.
The Dearborn plant is huge, with an area of about 220,000 m 2 , and from the beginning to the end of the assembly line stretches almost 7 km of conveyors, winding through the plant like a giant rollercoaster. Currently, the plant assembles about 1,200 vehicles daily, each of which contains more than 3,000 different spare parts.
Speaking of spare parts, I recall an anecdote: “Due to the need to increase the share of Russian components in Ford Focus cars, Ford decided to increase the number rubber mats up to eight."
It seems to me that if you are guided by the principle of Henry Ford in your work - "quality is doing something right, even when no one is looking" - then there will certainly be something to offer besides rugs)
In the 3rd millennium, Ford Motor is actively changing, its slogans are transforming along with it. The first advertising slogan, which appeared in 1914, read "Ford: The Universal Car" ("Ford: universal car").
Among the most successful advertising slogans, it is worth noting such as “Towards Change” and “Reliable. Made for life"
Now the slogans in North America (“Drive One” / “Take it and go”) and Europe (“Feel the Difference” / “Feel the difference”) have been replaced by a global formula for promoting the “one Ford”, sounding like “Go futher” / “ Walk straight".
For the first time this call appeared in the New Year's greetings of the head of Ford, addressed to all the staff. A single slogan will now sound on all advertising materials of the company.
By the way, the company's team is highly motivated for an excellent result; and if Anton Chekhov was convinced that “everything in a person should be perfect: face, clothes, soul, and thoughts”, then Ford Motor specialists are convinced that everything in a car should also be perfect - from fuel technology to interior design .
To guarantee excellent appearance of their products, the company has a special laboratory The Visual Performance Evaluation Lab.
About 300 light bulbs with a total power of 6 kW are located in the laboratory, with the help of which various phases of the earth's revolution around the Sun are simulated. A reasonable question may arise - what does the luminary have to do with the development of Ford vehicles?
The fact is that the appearance of the car and its interior changes depending on the lighting and time of day; to track these changes and minimize unwanted effects (for example, reflections on the instrument panel), the company conducts such tests. You can see how the lab works here:
Ford Motor Company takes an active part in sports competitions around the world. Its main focus in motorsport is the Formula Ford championship, which stands out among racing competitions for single cars its long and interesting history.
Since its inception in 1967, Formula Ford has become a real "forge of personnel" - it was in it that such later famous racing drivers as James Hunt, Jenson Baton, Ayrton Senna, Mika Hakkinen, Michael Schumacher and others gained experience.
The company is closely associated with Formula 1 racing: it supplied engines for racing cars this series for 4 decades, from 1967 to 2004. And the modified Ford GT model became the most fast car in a world that can drive on public roads - reaching a speed of 455.80 km / h, it was included in the Guinness Book of Records.
Ford Motor has also competed in the World Rally Championship since its inception in 1973 and has its own rally team.
On my own behalf, I would like to add that I would really like to create a business that would become for me and my employees not only a job, but also an interesting hobby. It's fun to do something not only for the sake of money, but also for the sake of pleasure, adrenaline, beauty, grace, etc.
Ford GT- cool car. I would love to ride it. And even better participated in the competition. I am a gambling person. I have been involved in sports since childhood. And I like the feeling of competition and the spirit of victory!
The company boasts not only the speed characteristics of its cars, but also their sales volumes. In 2012, the Ford Fiesta was named the second best-selling car in Europe by the analytical agency JATO Dynamics.
Concerning Russian market, then Ford in 2006 becomes the sales leader among foreign brands. The history of Ford Motor in Russia begins in 1907; after the revolution of 1917, it continued its activities in our territory.
At the end of the 20s. a contract was concluded with the leadership of the USSR, according to which the Americans provided drawings of two cars, their assistance in the construction of an automobile plant and the training of workers. The first cars of the new plant in Nizhny Novgorod- GAZ-A and GAZ-AA - were licensed "clones" of Ford cars.
In 1996 a Ford sales office opens in Moscow. A subsidiary of Ford Motor in the Russian Federation owns an automobile plant in Vsevolozhsk (Leningrad Region), opened in 2002. The company carries out body welding, painting and final assembly of Ford Focus III and Ford Mondeo(since 2009). In a prele 2006 this s The plant produced the 100,000th Ford Focus.
During 2007, more than 175,000 Ford vehicles were sold in Russia, about 90,000 of which were Focus models.
The company decided to celebrate the success of the Focus car, which sells well not only in Russia, in a very original way - by ordering an ice sculpture of its car on a 1:1 scale.
Weight ice machine exceeded 6 tons, which is more than five masses of real Ford Focus (the car's curb weight is 1.3 tons). This transparent sculpture was demonstrated at the British International Motor Show.
However, Ford Motor sees its mission not only in obtaining large profits from sales.
The company is focused on building a strong business that makes products that improve the world. Ford Motor backs up its pathetic statement with very concrete deeds. The company takes an active position in the field of protection environment, in area green technologies she can be called a real pioneer .
IN European cars Ford used over 250 non-metallic components containing recycled materials, which allows 14,000 tons less waste to be sent to landfills annually.
Ford Motor is developing gasoline and diesel engines to do even more. New Ford The Mondeo, for example, is equipped with a 1.8-liter diesel engine and is more economical than the same 1993 model, producing 20% less carbon dioxide.
Today the company offers the widest selection green cars. Any driver knows that vehicle and alcohol are incompatible things. However, under the hood of Ford Flexifuel and Ford C-MAX Flexifuel these concepts "made friends" - after all, they do not run on gasoline, but on E85 fuel, which consists of 85% biethanol alcohol.
Bioethanol is obtained from natural products such as wood waste, wheat, sugar beets, etc., i.e. from renewable raw materials. This fuel technology reduces CO 2 emissions into the atmosphere compared to gasoline engines by 30-80%, so these Ford Motor models can be safely called green cars.
Another pride of Ford Motor is the car plant in Dagenham (southeast of Great Britain) - this is the first enterprise in the world whose production capacity fully provided with electricity generated from their own wind turbines.
But Ford Motor is not going to stop there. Following its slogan "go ahead", the company continues to set itself more and more new goals.
No need to focus on money!
From the above, we can conclude that when creating and developing a business, one cannot focus only on money and profits. The business that you develop should help people, should improve our lives, make them more comfortable and safer.
I like Ford's policy regarding the environmental friendliness of the cars they produce, as well as the economy in operation. On my blog you can find a lot of material on how to . I myself at one time installed gas-balloon equipment on my car in order to spend less money on gasoline.
It is reasonable consumption that underlies my vision of how to achieve financial freedom and independence. To increase your income you need to make sure that income is always your expenses. And the resulting difference (residue) must be directed to the creation of assets, the accumulation of money, in order to subsequently create a business, for example.
Thanks to Ford Motor Company for once again convincing me of the right path and for showing me what the right business should be.
(votes)The American automobile manufacturer Ford is one of the main market leaders. For more than a century of existence, this auto giant has created dozens various models machines. All American brands of machines of this manufacturer are reliable and affordable for the resulting high quality.
Ford - brief information about the company
Every boy knows where Ford is produced. Henry Ford founded his automobile business in America in 1903. About thirty thousand dollars the creator received from investors to create a company. In history, the name of this brand is inscribed for centuries. Since this is the first car in the world assembled on an assembly line. It is not easy to say where Ford is assembled. The fact is that the company has factories in various countries of the world. Concerning Russian Federation, then here the cars of this brand are assembled in Kaluga. There are also enterprises in Brazil, Argentina, China and other countries. Ford also owns American car brands such as Lincoln and Mercure. The management of this automobile company is now carried out by Alan Mulally.
Ford - models overview (list of the best)
Throughout its existence, a huge number of cars have been produced under the Ford brand. The best-selling brands are:
- F-Series is a full-size pickup truck. This car produced from 1948 to this day by Ford. Country of manufacture - America. The car of this model is the best-selling car in the history of the automotive industry. Throughout its history, it has been purchased more than thirty million times.
- Escort- successful car from the Ford brand. Country of manufacture - America. There was also a division in Europe. This car has been assembled for thirty-five years. Since 2003, the car of this model is no longer produced. Over the entire period of the existence of this brand, Ford has sold twenty million copies of the Escort.
- Fiesta is a bright representative of the B-class cars from Ford. Producing countries - America, Brazil, China, Thailand and others. The model has existed since 1976, now it is also being produced. The number of copies sold reaches thirteen million units.
- Focus is a series of cars launched in 1998 in America. In 1999, Russia was added to the Ford producing countries. In total, the company has sold more than nine million cars of this model. Half a million of this amount falls on Russia. According to 2010 data, Russians purchased Ford Focus more often than any other car.
- mustang- legendary car of this brand. Its release started in 1964 and continues to this day. It has a super powerful engine. In total, this car was sold nine million times.
F Series
Ford F-Series - iconic american brand machines that have existed for seventy years. Throughout the existence this brand has been extensively modified and improved. At the moment, there are thirteen series of this car. From the moment of creation and until 1955, the design of the F-Series did not change at all. The transmission has been changed. If at first it was three-stage, then it became already five-stage. Also, the manufacturer constantly sought to increase the carrying capacity of the pickup truck. Significant changes occurred in the sixth generation. The radiator grill has been modified. The headlights were changed from round to square. The body began to be made of more durable metal with anti-corrosion coating. In the eighties, the truck received a more acute-angled shape and a new automatic transmission. Now the car of this brand is made of high-strength aluminum alloys, has an economical engine and active aerodynamics.
Escort
For all the time of its existence, the car was produced in five generations. Initially, the car had the following characteristics:
- Drive - rear.
- Engine - gasoline, designed for 1.1 liters. and 1.3 l.
- Body type - sedan and station wagon.
- Options - standard, deluxe and super.
After numerous changes, the car's engine was enlarged. The last series was produced with a gasoline engine capacity of 1.3, 1.6, 1.8 liters. and two liter. It also appeared possible to purchase models with diesel engines of 1.8 liters. As for body types, Escort began to be created not only in the form of sedans and station wagons, but they also introduced a convertible and a hatchback.
Fiesta
The first Fords of this brand were presented in two bodies - a hatchback (3 doors) and a van (2 doors, without windows and seats in the rear). The body was made of sheet steel. The hood of this car opened forward. The braking system of the Fiesta was diagonal and dual circuit. The brakes were strengthened by special pneumatics. The front axle was equipped disc brakes, on the back accounted for drum brakes. The drive for this model is original form was front wheel drive. The first configurations came exclusively with gasoline engines from 1.0 liters. and 1.1 l. The gearbox in this car was mechanical.
Over the years, the car has undergone significant changes. Now it can be bought in a variety of engine types ranging from 1.25 liters. and ending with two-liter. The brakes are now disc brakes for all axles. Externally, the car has become more massive and safer than its predecessors.
Focus
This model differs in compactness, external attractiveness and profitability. In Russia, this model is very fond of. The car has the following characteristics:
- Three body styles including sedan, hatchback and station wagon.
- At the base lies latest platform C2.
- Has a panoramic roof.
- Headlights - LED.
- Eight-speed gearbox with rotary shifter.
- Two types of engines - three-cylinder gasoline and four-cylinder diesel.
IN latest model the car is already assembled in Germany. It is also planned to launch in China. As for Russian factories, they still do not have information about the assembly of the new model. It is worth noting that in all generations the Ford Focus has good level safety, which makes it very popular among buyers. Perhaps it was this indicator that made Russians fall in love with a car of this brand so much and made it the best-selling passenger car in Russia in 2010.
Mustang
This car is relevant for all times, as it is considered an absolute classic of the American automobile industry. Cars of the latest series are distinguished by a stylish futuristic design. IN minimum configuration it has a four-liter engine and a power of 210 hp. With. In its maximum configuration, the engine reaches a power of five hundred and fifty liters per second. The engine in this case is 5.4 liters. The transmission is both manual and automatic. This car was created after a deep analysis of the needs of customers and has become the favorite of millions. Initially, they wanted to call it "Panther" and even developed the appropriate symbols, but at the last moment the management decided to use the bright and catchy name "Mustang".
Brief information about the company:
Brand name: FORD (Ford Motor Company)
A country: USA (Michigan, Detroit)
Specialization: car manufacturing
Legend has it that for the first time the idea of creating a car, or rather a vehicle that does not require the use of animal power, came up with Henry Ford, the son of an Irish immigrant. It was in 1872 and this event is connected with a fall from a horse and a severe bruise of the future famous automaker. This is where it started Ford history.
The date of birth of the Ford company was June 16, 1903, when G. Ford and eleven of his friends collected a fabulous sum of twenty thousand dollars for those times and applied for the organization of a new auto-industrial enterprise. So, in the American state of Michigan, the very famous automobile company Ford Motor Company appeared in the future. It was originally housed in a small van factory on Mack Avenue in Detroit.
The first vehicle that was created at the Ford factory was equipped with an 8 engine Horse power and was called "petrol carriage". Officially, she received the name "Model A" and was positioned in the automotive market as "the most advanced car that even a 15-year-old child can drive." For the next five years, Henry Ford directed the development of the plant and created the production program. During this period, 19 car models were developed - from Model "A" to Model "S". True, not all developments managed to reach the buyer.
The most important year in the life of Henry Ford and his automobile offspring was 1908. It was then that the famous automaker was able to fulfill his old dream. This event was the release of Model T - "Tin Lizzy" (Tin Lizzy). This innovative car went on to become the most famous car in the history of the auto industry.
Application latest technology production allowed to reduce the price of the car to 260 dollars! This was the reason that in the first year of sales it was possible to sell about 11,000 units. From that moment on, people began to talk about the car as a necessary and affordable means of transportation. The mass production of automobiles began and, in fact, a new era in the automotive industry.
The main reason that made it possible to significantly reduce the cost of a car and dramatically increase labor productivity was the introduction of the conveyor production of cars invented by Ford. Thanks to this innovation, a new car, the Model T, rolled off the FORD factory assembly line every 10 seconds.
But competitors did not sleep, and further capacity building and the introduction of the latest developments in the automotive industry were required. The Ford company was constantly in search of new ideas and in April 1932 the latest V-shaped 8-cylinder engine was presented to the public, which none of the competitors could boast of.
Cars equipped with this engine have long taken a leading position in the American market. And since 1934, the first trucks appeared on agricultural farms and on the streets of American cities. Ford.
But not only technology occupied the mind of Henry Ford. One of the very first among auto manufacturers, he begins to take care of the safety of the driver and passenger. It was Ford's that was first supplied with "safe" glass. Since then, the company has been constantly working to reduce the risk to human life and increase the safety of the driver and passenger. This was elevated to the rank of company policy and is still supported.
By this time, the Ford brand is becoming world famous and popular. A huge network of factories and shops has been built throughout America. Branches are opened in Europe and Russia. There are already thousands of Ford cars on sale and it is becoming truly popular.
In 1942 production civil vehicles was stopped and the main efforts of the company are directed to military needs. Ford produces tanks, planes, military vehicles.
On September 24, 1945, Henry Ford passes the management of the company to his grandson, Henry Ford 2. And just two years later, in April 1947, at the age of 83, the founder of the most famous automobile company dies at his Fea Lane estate. The grandson does an excellent job of managing the company and worthily continues the work of his illustrious grandfather. In June 1948, at an exhibition in New York, a new Ford car model was presented, which had a number of innovative solutions - independent front suspension, smooth side panels and opening rear side windows. The integration of the body and fenders was the most progressive solution and set a new standard in automotive design.
In 1949, Ford is selling more cars than ever since 1929. Sales volume is about one million cars. Huge profits of the company allowed it to actively develop production. Construction of new production and assembly plants, engineering - research laboratories, test sites. New types of activities are being developed. And in January 1956, the Ford Motor Company goes public. joint stock company. To date, the company has about 700,000 shareholders.
In the 60s, Ford chose young people as the target group of buyers. In this regard, it was necessary to reorient production to the production of inexpensive sports cars. Following new trends and being a direct pattern of the company's new policy in 1964, the well-known (subsequently) Mustang car first appeared. A distinctive feature of the newcomer was the use of a fundamentally new engine, which combined two units: a drive axle and a transmission. In addition, the fashionably and stylishly designed interior of the model literally fell in love with buyers in this car. The success spoke for itself - in just 100 days, 100,000 Mustangs were sold. The company's profit has reached incredible, few people predicted heights.
On this wave of success, the company continues to develop and introduce new original designs for other models. At the same time, without forgetting about the safety of the driver and passengers. Thanks to this, Ford became the first company to install in 1970 on its stock cars disc front brakes.
Until now, the company adheres to a long-chosen policy aimed at improving cars, their efficiency and safety. Few people now do not recognize the logo of this company. The popularity of these cars in the world is great. And this success is natural, since the company first of all cares about those who use its cars.
In 1872, the son of an Irish immigrant fell off his horse while working on his father's farm near Dearborn, Michigan, USA. It was on this day that he decided to create a vehicle that would not cause suffering and would be more reliable than vehicles using animal power. That bad rider was Henry Ford.
Subsequently, Henry and his eleven enthusiastic friends raised a hefty sum of $28,000 and on June 16, 1903, filed an application to organize an industrial enterprise in the state of Michigan.
Ford Motor Company began its production activities, and as a result, a "gasoline sidecar" driven by an 8 hp engine was created, called "Model A".
Ten years after that, Ford was known around the world as a genius who gave Ford world T is a car available to everyone. Ford Motor Company was the first to introduce the conveyor. Thanks to this technical novelty Henry Ford reduced the cost of the Tin Lizzy from $850 to $290.
What is the secret of Ford Motor Company's hundred years of success? When creating the company, Henry Ford dreamed of a car whose cost would not exceed the annual salary of those ordinary workers who assembled cars at a factory in Detroit.
Ford has gone through many changes in its 100 years of history. However, the belief that people should have accessible, reliable and modern cars, remained unchanged.
Henry Ford was born in Springfield, Michigan on July 30, 1863. He was the eldest of six children of William and Mary Ford (William; Mary Ford), who owned a prosperous farm. Henry spent his childhood on his parents' farm, where he helped his family and attended a regular rural school.
At the age of 12, Henry equipped a small workshop, where he enthusiastically spent all his free time. It was there that a few years later he designed his first steam engine.
In 1879, Henry Ford moved to Detroit, where he got a job as an assistant machinist. Three years later, Ford moved to Dearborn and for five years was engaged in the design and repair of steam engines, moonlighting from time to time at a factory in Detroit. In 1888 he married Clara Jane Bryant and soon took over as manager of a sawmill.
In 1891, Ford became an engineer for the Edison Illuminating Company, and two years later was appointed the company's chief engineer. Good salary and enough free time allowed Ford to devote more time to the development of internal combustion engines.
Ford assembled the first internal combustion engine in the kitchen of his home. Soon he decided to put the engine on a frame with four bicycle wheels. So in 1896, a quad bike appeared - a vehicle that became the first Ford car.
After leaving the Edison Illuminating Company in 1899, Henry Ford founded own firm Detroit Automobile. Despite the fact that the company went bankrupt a year later, Ford managed to assemble several racing cars. Ford himself took part in motor racing and in October 1901 managed to defeat the American champion Alexander Winton (Alexander Winton).
The Ford Motor Company was founded in 1903. Its founders were twelve businessmen from Michigan, led by Henry Ford, who held a 25.5% stake in the company and served as vice president and chief engineer of the company.
A former van factory on Mack Avenue in Detroit was converted into a car plant. Brigades, consisting of two or three workers, under the direct supervision of Ford, assembled cars from spare parts that were made to order by other enterprises.
The company's first car was sold on July 23, 1903. Ford's first creation was a "gasoline sidecar" powered by an 8 hp engine, called the Model A. The car was described as "the most advanced car on the market, which even a 15-year-old boy can drive." In 1906, Henry Ford became the company's president and principal owner.
The first oval Ford logo appeared in 1907 thanks to the first British representatives of the company Perry (Perry), Thornton (Thornton) and Schreiber (Schreiber). As part of an advertising campaign, it was presented as a "stamp of the highest standard", designed to symbolize reliability and economy.
For the next five years, Henry Ford directed the overall development and production program. During this time, 19 letters of the alphabet were used - from Model A to Model S. Some of these models remained at the experimental level, not reaching the end user.
In 1908, Henry Ford made his dream come true with the Model T. The Tin Lizzy, as the Americans affectionately called it, became the most famous car in the history of the auto industry.
Its base price was $ 260, and within just one year, about 11 thousand of these machines were sold. It was the appearance of the Model T that marked the beginning of a new era in the development of personal transport.
Ford's car was easy to drive, it did not require complex Maintenance and could even drive on rural roads.
From that moment on, the car became the subject of mass production, the demand for which is constantly growing.
At the same time, machines for various services: pickup trucks, delivery vehicles, ambulances, delivery vans and small buses.
To meet the growing needs of customers, as well as increase productivity, Ford is introducing for the first time in its factories conveyor production, in which each worker performs one operation, remaining in one place. As a result of the innovation, another Model T rolled off the assembly line every 10 seconds, and the moving conveyor became a new, significant stage in the industrial revolution.
In 1919, Henry Ford and his son Edsel (Adsel Ford) bought the company's shares from other shareholders for $105,568,858 and became the sole owners of the company. In the same year, Edsel inherited from his father the presidency of the company, which he held until his death in 1943. After the sudden death of his son Henry Ford again had to stand at the helm of the company.
The Model A, released in 1927, was the first Ford car to feature an oval emblem on the grille. Until the very end of the 50s, most Ford cars were produced with the well-known dark blue badge these days. Although the oval badge was approved as the official emblem of Ford, it was not put on cars until the mid-70s.
The rapid pace of life constantly required increasing capacities and introducing unique technologies. Developing with the rhythm of the times, Ford Motor Company was ready to show off its latest achievements.
On April 1, 1932, the company introduced the V-shaped 8-cylinder engine to the public. Ford was the first company to produce a monolithic 8-cylinder block. Cars with such an engine became the favorites of practical Americans for a long time.
Already in 1934, trucks appeared on rural farms and on the streets of large cities. Ford cars equipped with a completely redesigned engine.
At this time, the problem of car safety is becoming more and more urgent. Henry Ford does not ignore this topic. For the first time, safety glasses are being used at its factories, constant work is underway to reduce the risk to human life - caring for a person has always been and remains the most important aspect of the company's overall policy. Car enthusiasts and ordinary citizens pay generously for such care with their commitment and love for Ford.
The famous brand is gaining popularity not only in America, but throughout the world. During this period, Ford has a huge network of factories and stores throughout America, opens branches in Europe and Russia. Thousands of cars find their owners all over the world. The brand becomes truly popular.
In September 1945, Henry Ford transferred powers to his eldest grandson, Henry Ford II. In May 1946, Henry Ford Sr. was awarded an honorary award for services to the auto industry, and at the end of that year, the American Petroleum Institute (American Petroleum Institute) presented him gold medal for services to society.
Henry Ford died at the age of 83 at his home in Dearborn on April 7, 1947. Thus, an entire era in the history of the Ford Motor Company ended, which, despite the death of its founder, continued to develop actively.
But the grandson continues the work of his grandfather with dignity. On June 8, 1948, the new 1949 Ford model was unveiled at the New York Show. Its main features are smooth side panels, independent front suspension and opening rear side windows.
The integration of the body and fenders was a novelty that set the standard for automotive design. In 1949, Ford sold about a million of these cars, reaching the highest sales since 1929.
The company's profits are also growing at a tremendous rate. This led to an increase in production facilities: new production and assembly plants, testing grounds, engineering and research laboratories.
New types of activities are being developed: financial business- Ford Motor Company, insurance - American Road Insurance Company, automatic replacement spare parts - Ford Parts and Service Division, electronics, computers, space technology and more.
And finally, in January 1956, Ford Motor Company became a public company. The company currently has about 700,000 shareholders.
The focus of attention in the 60s is the youth. In keeping with public sentiment, Ford is rapidly reorienting its production to building low-cost sports cars aimed at a younger consumer.
It was then, in 1964, that the Mustang was presented to the public for the first time. The most important feature of the novelty was the use of a new engine, which combined two units - a transmission and a drive axle. It was favorably distinguished by its appearance - an original combination of all modern design trends of the 50-60s.
Such a keen interest, which this car caused, was not observed since the Model A. In the first hundred days, one hundred thousand four-seater Mustangs were sold. The company's profits exceeded all expected results.
Encouraged by the success, Ford continues to develop original design, while using the most innovative trends and developments in the automotive industry. Their work was embodied in models like the Corina and the Transit van.
But not only profit worried the employees and management of the Ford Motor Company. The fight for safety continues.
So, in 1970, Ford becomes the first serial manufacturer to introduce front disc brakes.
Since 1976, the legendary oval Ford emblem with a blue background and silver letters has been placed on absolutely all cars of the company, so that Ford products can be easily recognized anywhere in the world.
The conditions of fierce competition, especially aggravated during this period, encourage Ford specialists to introduce new technologies in other areas - special attention is paid to fuel economy. The goal of the designers is to create a world-class leader in the middle and executive segments of the market. The result was the Ford Taurus and Mercury Sebale.
It should be noted that Taurus was created as a car, every detail of which is brought to perfection. Efforts paid off - Taurus was recognized as the car of 1986, and a year later became a bestseller in America.
Ford's next innovations were the Mondeo, as well as a modified Mustang. 1994 premieres also included the Ford Espire and the Windstar minibus.
Then North America saw the improved Ford Taurus and Mercury Tracer showcasing the first Big changes in the design of cars that hit the market in the late 80s. In Europe, a modified F-series pickup was also introduced, new Fiesta and Galaxy minivans.
The main goal of the company is the constant improvement of its products while reducing production costs. The results were world cars.
Currently, over 70 different models of cars are sold worldwide, produced under the brands Ford, Lincoln, Mercury, and Aston Martin. Ford also has a stake in Mazda companies motor corporation and Kia Motors Corporation.
July 9, 2002 in the city of Vsevolzhsk, Leningrad Region, a new Ford factory Motor Company of a full production cycle.
