Understanding what the focus is Ford, "Tricks" which, just like the once legendary "T" model, are now one of the most massive cars in the world. The only difference is that since the appearance of the “T” model, no less, but more than a century has passed. We find out how it all began and what the company was doing in this period. Moreover, there is a worthy occasion - the 150th anniversary of the birth of the great Henry Ford!
Entrepreneur Henry Ford
The name of the brand was in honor of its founder, Henry Ford, a man who would now be described in one word - "techie". As a teenager, Henry was not afraid of complex mechanisms and was happy to understand the principles of the work of everything and everything, for which his neighbors were grateful to him, to whom he repaired watches when he was still a boy.
Henry Ford was born on July 30, 1863 in a family of farmers. At the age of sixteen he moved to Detroit, where he was engaged in the installation and repair steam engines. The job gave Ford the opportunity to practice mechanics and engineering. The result was not long in coming and already in 1893, Henry assembled his first single-cylinder gasoline internal combustion engine, and three years later built his first car. This was followed by not very successful attempts to create an automobile company on their own and even performance in races. The first gave Ford invaluable experience, and the second brought fame in the late 1890s.
Demonstrating good achievements in the nascent motorsport and a genuine passion for the automotive industry, by 1903 Henry still convinces several financiers to enter into a share and invest in production. In June of the same year, the Ford Motor Company finally appears in Dearborn, a suburb of Detroit.
In 1905, Ford had a serious quarrel with partners who did not agree to produce cheap cars. Who knows what would have become of the company if not for Ford's stubbornness, which simply forced Alexander Malcolmson, the holder of the main shareholding, to sell his stake to a fanatical engineer. Thus, Henry took over a controlling stake and no one prevented him from releasing, as they would now be called, budget cars.
Model"T» and the world's first assembly line for the production of automobiles
In 1907, the company produced the four-cylinder models N, R, S and the prestigious six-cylinder model K. All of them had to compete with cars of other brands, which at that time appeared like mushrooms after rain. Even then, Ford realized that it was much more profitable to sell ten cars to ten buyers than one car for the price of ten. After all, the lower the cost of the car, the more people will be willing to buy it.
Therefore, in 1908, Ford decided to take a desperate step: he abandoned the entire model range and began production new development, model "T". For the next twenty years, she becomes the only stock car stamps. Everything ingenious is simple, because organizing the mass production of one chassis is much easier than several different models at once. It remains only to fasten a suitable body to the “trolley” and you will get the desired model: from a two-seater pickup truck to a six-seater sedan.
Manufacturers still use a similar approach. For example, the Volkswagen Group, in addition to the Golf, also produces the Audi A3 on the same platform, and SEAT Leon, and the Skoda Octavia. On the one hand, this significantly reduces the cost of production, and on the other hand, it allows the buyer to choose a car for every taste and budget.
When Ford T first appeared on the market, it was not the cheapest car. For an open two-seater model in 1909, they asked for $ 825, and for a six-seater Town Car - a thousand dollars. If we take into account competitors, it cost new model slightly below average. But when in 1913 Ford introduced conveyor production, prices began to decline rapidly.
In 1924, a two-door convertible could be bought for as little as $265! This despite the fact that back in 1914, Ford raised the minimum wage at the plant to $ 5 a day. Thus, even low-skilled Ford workers could earn about $100 a month and eventually buy their own product, the Model T. Fantasy by the standards of the time!
At first, only the generator was made by the conveyor method. The experiment was successful, so soon the same manufacturing principles were applied to the engine, the production process of which was divided into 84 operations performed by 84 workers. The assembly time of the motor was reduced by 40 minutes. The assembly line method proved to be so effective that, starting in 1913, improvements began to be made almost every day. Already in 1914, the production time for the chassis was reduced from 12 hours to two.
By the 1940s, Ford's share of even American market dropped to 20%. But this does not mean that the company has ceased to produce good cars. It's just that Ford's methods were adopted by other automakers, from the fierce competition between which buyers ultimately benefited.
All Star Team
The company has produced more than a dozen models, so it is simply unrealistic to dwell on each one in detail. However, there are a few cars that cannot be passed by.
Ford F Series
Fordand others
The blue oval was not always owned only by Geely cars, and in 2011 it sunk into oblivion Mercury brand. Thus, now "Ford" owns only Lincoln.
From diversity to unity of technologies
The new development concept, which the company announced in 2012, was called Go Further. In short, its essence lies in the fact that absolutely dissimilar cars should not be sold in the USA, Europe and Australia, on the contrary, Ford intends to significantly increase the production of global models, that is, cars built on the same platform and using the same design.
In addition, the concept assumes that already in soon All recent achievements The US and European offices will also join in the global models. In particular, we are talking about the distribution of low-volume motors of the EcoBoost family and PowerShift robotic gearboxes, the latest developments in the field of passive and active safety.
And finally, the beautiful transformation of the black “blot” into a blue oval is the evolution of the Ford emblem:
general information
"Ford Motor" Ford motor Company, an American automobile company specializing in the production of Ford, Mercury, Lincoln cars, trucks, various agricultural machinery. Ford owns Jaguar.
The headquarters is located in Dearborn (Michigan), near which was once the farm of Henry Ford's parents.
Corporation History
The company was founded by Henry Ford in 1903 and, according to the idea of its creator, was immediately intended for the production of a mass cheap car. Initially, this was the "A" model, in 1908 - the "T" model, dubbed "tin Lizzie" by cartoonists. The success of the new model was so great that the ever-expanding Ford factories could not cope with orders. In the first year of production of this model, 10,660 cars were sold, which broke all records in automotive industry that time.
In Ford Motor in 1913, for the first time in the world, a method of standardizing interchangeable parts of products and a conveyor technology for assembling cars were introduced in production, which made it possible to increase labor productivity by 40-60% in just one year.
By the middle of 1914, 500,000 Model Ts had been produced; by 1923, every second car in America was made at the Ford Motor factories.
In 1922, the Ford Motor Company acquired the Lincoln Company, the management of which was entrusted to Edsel Ford. The older Ford's authoritarian management style becomes a favorite target of the leftist press, and Ford's refusal to tolerate unions in his factories sparks a campaign of real harassment. However, by the end of the 1920s, Americans were tired of the monotonous “T” model. Competitors from General Motors are breaking ahead, Ford Motor responds with the Ford A model, the popularity of which still lags behind Chevy and Buicks.
The Great Depression of 1929 drastically reduced car sales. Wages are cut in half.
In 1932, the beginning of mass production of V-shaped 8-cylinder engines. Ford motor company becomes the first company to produce a monolithic 8-cylinder block. Ford car and its reliable engine became a favorite of practical Americans.
The line of Mercury cars, launched in 1938, was successful. The company is nominally run by Edsel Ford, but his authority cannot be compared to that of his father. Business begins to stagnate, which lasted until the outbreak of World War II, when military orders improved things.
From 1942 to 47 production civil vehicles stopped abruptly, as the company directed all its efforts to military needs.
After the brief reign of old Ford (Edsel died in 1943), power passed to Henry Ford II in 1945, who breathed new life into the company.
Ford Jr. reorganizes the recruitment system, uses brainstorming methods known to him from the war to develop the firm's strategy, inviting a group of system analysts.
In 1949 Ford Motor Company sells approximately 807,000 vehicles, almost doubling its sales. Henry Ford II's reorganization program quickly restored the health of the company. The result was the construction of 44 manufacturing plants, 18 assembly plants, 32 parts depots, two huge test sites and 13 engineering and research laboratories in the USA.
The launch of the Thunderbird series in 1955 and the now classic Mustang strengthened the financial position Ford Motor. The attractive 1965 4-seat Mustang became America's darling. In the first 100 days, 100,000 of these machines were sold.
In 1968, the first 1.6-litre Escort Twin Cam launched its racing career, successfully opening the season and winning circuits in Ireland, the Danish Tulip, the Austrian Alps, the Acropolis and the Scottish Rally for eight weeks. By the end of its first season, the Escort had won the famous 1000 Lakes Rally in Finland, helping Ford secure a strong position in the World New Car Rally Championship.
Very common in the 1970s and 1980s, Western European ford model Taunus/Cortina. The production of the station wagon (Kombi) Ford Taunus / Cortina family began in 1970.
Since 1976, with the start of production of Ford Econoline E-series hooded cargo-passenger models new generation began to use elements of the chassis, engines and transmission, similar to the SUVs and pickups of the F series. In 1992, they brought to the market new scale comfortable 7-, 8-, 12- and 15-seater all-metal minibuses and four-door vans with a body.
The Fiesta family has been around for over 20 years - the first generation appeared back in 1976. The life path of models current generation, which began on Geneva Motor Show-89, approaching sunset. For 11 years, the Fiesta family has undergone a serious restyling twice (in 1995 and 1999), thanks to which it remains quite modern to this day.
Crown Victoria is one of the most popular models in the USA (in the police, taxi, rental, in the secondary market).
The 1980 Bgonco full-size station wagon was an all-wheel drive pickup truck with a shortened base. The cross-country ability turned out to be quite high, so the model remained popular for a long time (in particular, in Alaska), even after the appearance of more modern models.
Ford Escort is produced in the USA and Europe, as well as in Argentina in three body styles. American Ford Escort and Mercury Lynx continued until the summer of 1990. They were replaced by models developed on the platform of the Japanese Mazda 323.
In September 1982, models of the rear-wheel drive Sierra family with five-door hatchback and station wagon bodies (Kombi) appeared on sale, and the start of production of a three-door all-wheel drive model (XR4x4).
In November 1986, the launch of the 4x4 version Ford Scorpio. At the very end of 1991, a presentation roomy station wagon Scorpio Turnir. In the summer of 1998, the production of Scorpio was stopped, and the European branch of Ford decided to make the Mondeo model the flagship of the company.
Since the mid-1980s, Taurus has been produced. This model was named Car of the Year 1986, and in 1987 it became a bestseller in America. Streamlined cars with futuristic design beautiful names The Taurus and Sable were milestones in Ford's transition to a new generation of 1980s vehicles that were economical, high-tech and aesthetically perfect.
In the same year, the purchase of 75% of the company's shares took place. Aston Martin-Lagonda.
The purchase of the Jaguar company in 1990 further increases the range of Ford models, which in terms of comfort do not resemble the “tin Lizzie” in any way, and a year later for release multi-purpose vehicle Ford Galaxy created joint venture with the German corporation Volkswagen.
The company is open to innovation and change; it is interesting that Ford Motor, a pioneer in the introduction of the conveyor, is the first among large corporations and abandoned it, since modern workers are more productive in doing work in which there is an element of independent creativity.
In 1993, the model was released Ford Mondeo which immediately set new safety standards in its class. The very next year, this car was recognized as the Car of the Year in Europe and became a favorite among buyers.
In the same year, the purchase of the remaining shares of Aston Martin-Lagonda took place.
The Ford Windstar was first shown in January 1994. In 1998, the model was restyled. Produced in Canada.
The first show of the Ford EUROPE Galaxy took place in February 1995 in Geneva. At the Geneva Motor Show 2000, a modernized model with an updated design was presented.
In 1996, the 250 millionth car rolled off the assembly line of the company. The implementation of the Ka model has begun.
The Ford EUROPE Puma, a small sports coupe based on the Ford Fiesta, was first introduced at the Geneva Motor Show in March 1997.
Ford Focus, which, according to a long tradition, bears the name Turnier. The European premiere of the hatchback took place in early 1998 in Geneva.
In 1998, Ford Motor Company becomes the 2nd largest car and truck manufacturer in the world in terms of total.
In 2000, an international jury of 126 automotive journalists, summing up the results of the unprecedented Car of the Century competition (“Car of the Century”), chose the legendary Ford T. which was established on the assembly line on a massive scale. It was the conveyor assembly that made the car a means of transportation accessible to everyone. And the first in a series of truly serial cars was the Ford model.
The Ford Escape compact SUV was first shown as a prototype in January 2000 in Detroit. The development was carried out jointly with Mazda. Car production is carried out at a plant in Kansas City.
Ford EUROPE Maverick, compact all-wheel drive SUV, the European equivalent of the Ford Escape. Since 2000, it has been produced jointly with Mazda on the basis of the Mazda Tribute. New Ford Maverick combines the characteristics of an SUV and a road car.
2001 - the company introduces a fundamentally new Ford Mondeo model. Its appearance can be considered a revolutionary event. This car, developed by the European division of Ford Motor Company, was created on the basis of fundamentally new design technologies. The essence of this technological revolution is in a powerful software product, called SZR, which is a complex of computer design systems, computer-aided design and an extensive information database. One of the latest models presented by the company is the Ford Focus Coupe-Cabriolet.
Today, Ford Motor Company has its own production, assembly and sales centers in 30 countries around the world. The company produces millions of cars, trucks and tractors every year and is the world's number one automotive sales leader outside of North America. Ford Motor Company sells over 70 various models cars around the world, produced under the brands Ford, Lincoln, Mercury, Jaguar and Aston Martin. The company also has a stake in Mazda Motor Corporation and Kia Motors n.Corporatio
In the "big three" of the American automobile business, Ford Motor occupies an honorable second place in terms of sales.
Ford in Ukraine
The official distributor of Ford cars in Ukraine is Winner Imports Ukraine (Winner Imports Ukraine), which was one of the first to work in Ukrainian automotive market as an official distributor.
In 1991 one of Ford executives offered Ivan Ginyansky, the owner of Winner dealerships in Delaware and Pennsylvania (USA), to open another one in Ukraine. The prospect of helping Ford create a dealer network in Ukraine interested Ginyansky.
In late 1992, Winner was appointed as the official distributor of Ford Motor Co. in Ukraine. Dealer points and service centers were opened throughout Ukraine.
Before buying a brand of car you like, every buyer will certainly have the question of which country's manufacturer's car to choose. After all, as you know, if a car starts to be in great demand in the world, manufacturers of other countries buy the rights to its production. This also happens in Russia, Renault Logan", "Toyota Camry", "Ford Focus", "", etc. are examples of this. But now our conversation will be about a middle class car with richly equipped"Ford Focus", which can be found in three types of assembly in the car markets of the Russian Federation:
European;
- American;
- Russian.
To begin with, let's start with the fact that many people, as soon as they find out that a Russian-made car, immediately turn away and go to see any other car produced abroad. This is understandable, after all, for almost a lifetime Soviet car industry nothing worthwhile has been done that could equal at least a foreign car twenty years older than our car. But do not jump to conclusions about any machine, even our assembly, because each has its pros and cons! As for the car of the Russian assembly, there are not much more minuses than its European and American counterparts. On the contrary, the Russian "Ford Focus" is more adapted to our driving conditions, and sitting behind the wheel of this car, you will feel like in spaceship from the comfort and abundance of electronics. Outwardly, they almost do not differ from each other except for the headlights, but the design differences are greater, spare parts from the Russian Ford Focus will not be able to fit a foreigner. And now more about the differences between them:
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The Russian Ford Focus, in comparison with its relatives, has very good, high-quality brakes, and therefore, when high speed he seems to be starting to slow down with his nose. This raises the fear of damaging your bumper on some object that has fallen on the road, it feels like the brakes were designed by a “coward”. As for its American sibling, the brakes are pretty sluggish and sometimes you have to slam them all the way to the floor to get good braking. But the leader in this criterion is clearly the European-built Ford Focus, whose brakes were clearly made for driving on the autobahns. They are of medium sensitivity, when braking, the speed drops almost instantly, but in comparison with the Russian Ford Focus, the European does not skid, and he does not strive to throw you out through the windshield.
With regard to manageability. In this criterion, the first place is shared between the manufacturers of the USA and Europe, on whose machines, even at a speed of 190 km / h, significant rocking is imperceptibly significant. The car is coming almost following the indicated trajectory, which cannot be said about their Russian counterpart. Russian car already at a speed of 140 km / h makes you think about possible consequences, since the steering wheel is made wadded, and the car does not exactly follow the trajectory of movement. On the other hand, the Russian Ford Focus has a fairly high ground clearance, which, unlike its foreign counterparts, makes it possible not to be afraid of every bump.
The ergonomics of machines from all manufacturers are on top. There are no backlashes, squeaks, as is usually the case on our cars, the interior is adapted for driving on high speeds, as there is lateral support for the seats. As a result, almost on any turns you sit like a glove. The main difference in this paragraph is in the headlights, where the Russian-assembled Ford Focus is at its best. The standard optics of its foreign counterparts are too dim and do not provide enough space for viewing, which is why you have to install xenon, but based on the fact that this is prohibited in many countries, you have to change all the optics.
As a result, one thing can be said that all these machines are approximately on the same level, each of them has its pros and cons. But the most important common minus of these cars is too thin body material. It is slightly susceptible to corrosion, but even with a small accident, you will have to invest more than one penny in the repair of your iron horse.
Good luck in choosing a car!
In 1872, the son of an Irish immigrant fell off his horse while working on his father's farm near Dearborn, Michigan, USA. It was on this day that he decided to create a vehicle that would not cause suffering and would be more reliable than vehicles using animal power. That bad rider was Henry Ford.
Subsequently, Henry and his eleven enthusiastic friends raised a hefty sum of $28,000 and on June 16, 1903, filed an application to organize an industrial enterprise in the state of Michigan.
Ford Motor Company began its production activities, and as a result, a "gasoline sidecar" driven by an 8 hp engine was created, called "Model A".
Ten years after that, Ford was known around the world as a genius who gave Ford world T a car accessible to everyone. Ford Motor Company was the first to introduce the conveyor. Thanks to this technical innovation, Henry Ford was able to reduce the cost of the Tin Lizzy from $850 to $290.
What is the secret of Ford Motor Company's hundred years of success? When creating the company, Henry Ford dreamed of a car whose cost would not exceed the annual salary of those ordinary workers who assembled cars at a factory in Detroit.
Ford has gone through many changes in its 100 years of history. However, the belief that people should have affordable, reliable and modern cars has remained unchanged.
Henry Ford was born in Springfield, Michigan on July 30, 1863. He was the eldest of six children of William and Mary Ford (William; Mary Ford), who owned a prosperous farm. Henry spent his childhood on his parents' farm, where he helped his family and attended a regular rural school.
At the age of 12, Henry equipped a small workshop, where he enthusiastically spent all his free time. It was there that a few years later he designed his first steam engine.
In 1879, Henry Ford moved to Detroit, where he got a job as an assistant machinist. Three years later, Ford moved to Dearborn and for five years was engaged in the design and repair of steam engines, moonlighting from time to time at a factory in Detroit. In 1888 he married Clara Jane Bryant and soon took over as manager of a sawmill.
In 1891, Ford became an engineer for the Edison Illuminating Company, and two years later was appointed the company's chief engineer. Good salary and enough free time allowed Ford to devote more time to the development of internal combustion engines.
Ford assembled the first internal combustion engine in the kitchen of his home. Soon he decided to put the engine on a frame with four bicycle wheels. So in 1896, the ATV appeared - a vehicle that became the first Ford car.
After leaving the Edison Illuminating Company in 1899, Henry Ford founded own firm Detroit Automobile. Despite the fact that a year later the company went bankrupt, Ford managed to collect several racing cars. Ford himself took part in motor racing and in October 1901 managed to defeat the American champion Alexander Winton (Alexander Winton).
The Ford Motor Company was founded in 1903. Its founders were twelve businessmen from Michigan, led by Henry Ford, who held a 25.5% stake in the company and served as vice president and chief engineer of the company.
Under car factory converted a former van factory on Mack Avenue in Detroit. Brigades, consisting of two or three workers, under the direct supervision of Ford, assembled cars from spare parts that were made to order by other enterprises.
The company's first car was sold on July 23, 1903. Ford's first creation was a "gasoline sidecar" powered by an 8 hp engine, called the Model A. The car was described as "the most advanced car on the market, which even a 15-year-old boy can drive." In 1906, Henry Ford became the company's president and principal owner.
The first oval Ford logo appeared in 1907 thanks to the first British representatives of the company Perry (Perry), Thornton (Thornton) and Schreiber (Schreiber). As part of an advertising campaign, it was presented as a "stamp of the highest standard", designed to symbolize reliability and economy.
For the next five years, Henry Ford directed the overall development and production program. During this time, 19 letters of the alphabet were used from Model A to Model S. Some of these models remained at the experimental level, not reaching the end user.
In 1908, Henry Ford realized his dream with the release of the Model T. "Tin Lizzy", as the Americans affectionately called her, became the most famous car throughout the history of the automotive industry.
Her base price was $ 260, and within just one year, about 11 thousand of these machines were sold. It was the appearance of the Model T that marked the beginning of a new era in the development personal transport.
Ford's car was easy to drive, did not require complex maintenance and could even drive on rural roads.
From that moment on, the car became the subject of mass production, the demand for which is constantly growing.
At the same time, on the basis of the Model T, cars are being created for various services: pickups, cars for delivering small loads, ambulances, vans and small buses.
To meet the growing needs of customers, as well as increase labor productivity, Ford is introducing assembly line production in its factories for the first time, in which each worker performs one operation while remaining in one place. As a result of the innovation, another Model T rolled off the assembly line every 10 seconds, and the moving conveyor became a new, significant stage in the industrial revolution.
In 1919, Henry Ford and his son Edsel (Adsel Ford) bought the company's shares from other shareholders for $105,568,858 and became the sole owners of the company. In the same year, Edsel inherited from his father the presidency of the company, which he held until his death in 1943. After the sudden death of his son Henry Ford again had to stand at the helm of the company.
The Model A, released in 1927, was the first Ford car to feature an oval emblem on the grille. Until the very end of the 50s, most Ford cars were produced with the well-known dark blue badge these days. Although the oval badge was approved as the official emblem of Ford, it was not put on cars until the mid-70s.
The fast pace of life constantly required capacity building and implementation unique technologies. Developing with the rhythm of the times, Ford Motor Company was ready to show off its latest achievements.
On April 1, 1932, the company introduced the V-shaped 8-cylinder engine to the public. Ford was the first company to produce a monolithic 8-cylinder block. Cars with such an engine became the favorites of practical Americans for a long time.
Already in 1934, trucks appeared on rural farms and on the streets of large cities. Ford cars equipped with a completely redesigned engine.
At this time, the problem of car safety is becoming more and more urgent. Henry Ford does not ignore this topic. For the first time, safety glasses are being used at its factories, Full time job to reduce the risk to human life caring for a person has always been and remains the most important aspect general company policy. Car enthusiasts and ordinary citizens pay generously for such care with their commitment and love for Ford.
The famous brand is gaining popularity not only in America, but throughout the world. During this period, Ford has a huge network of factories and stores throughout America, opens branches in Europe and Russia. Thousands of cars find their owners all over the world. The brand becomes truly popular.
In September 1945, Henry Ford transferred powers to his eldest grandson, Henry Ford II. In May 1946, Henry Ford Sr. was awarded an honorary award for services to the auto industry, and at the end of that year, the American Petroleum Institute (American Petroleum Institute) presented him gold medal for services to society.
Henry Ford died at the age of 83 at his home in Dearborn on April 7, 1947. Thus, an entire era in the history of the Ford Motor Company ended, which, despite the death of its founder, continued to develop actively.
But the grandson continues the work of his grandfather with dignity. On June 8, 1948, the new 1949 Ford model was unveiled at the New York Show. Its main features smooth side panels, independent front suspension and opening rear side windows.
The integration of the body and fenders was a novelty that set the standard automotive design. In 1949, Ford sold about a million of these cars, reaching the highest sales since 1929.
The company's profits are also growing at a tremendous rate. This led to an increase in production facilities: new production and assembly plants, test sites, engineering research laboratories.
New types of activities are being developed: financial business Ford Motor Company, Insurance American Road Insurance Company, automatic replacement parts Ford Parts and Service Division, electronics, computers, space technology and more.
And finally, in January 1956, the Ford Motor Company went public. joint stock company. The company currently has about 700,000 shareholders.
The focus of attention in the 60s is the youth. In keeping with public sentiment, Ford is rapidly reorienting its production to building low-cost sports cars aimed at a younger consumer.
It was then, in 1964, that the Mustang was presented to the public for the first time. The most important feature novelty was the use of a new engine, which combined two units transmission and drive axle. Favorably distinguished her and appearance an original combination of all current trends design of the 50s and 60s.
Such keen interest, which this car aroused, was not observed since the Model A. In the first hundred days, one hundred thousand four-seaters were sold mustang cars. The company's profits exceeded all expected results.
Encouraged by the success, Ford continues to develop original designs, while using the most innovative trends and developments in the automotive industry. Their work was embodied in models like the Corina and the Transit van.
But not only profit worried employees and ford manual motor company. The fight for safety continues.
So, in 1970, Ford becomes the first serial manufacturer to introduce front disc brakes.
Since 1976, the legendary oval Ford emblem with a blue background and silver letters has been placed on absolutely all cars of the company, so that Ford products can be easily recognized anywhere in the world.
The conditions of fierce competition, especially aggravated during this period, encourage Ford specialists to introduce new technologies in other areas Special attention given to fuel economy. The goal of the designers is to create a world-class leader in the middle and executive segments of the market. The result was the Ford Taurus and Mercury Sebale.
It should be noted that Taurus was created as a car, every detail of which is brought to perfection. Efforts paid off Taurus was recognized as the car of 1986, and a year later became a bestseller in America.
Ford's next innovations were the Mondeo, as well as a modified Mustang. 1994 premieres also included the Ford Espire and the Windstar minibus.
Then North America saw improved Ford Taurus and Mercury Tracer, showing the first Big changes in the design of cars that hit the market in the late 80s. In Europe, a modified F-series pickup, the new Fiesta and Galaxy minivans were also introduced.
The main goal of the company is continuous improvement their products while reducing production costs. The results were world cars.
Currently, over 70 different models of cars are sold worldwide, produced under the brands Ford, Lincoln, Mercury, and Aston Martin. Ford also has a stake in Mazda companies motor corporation and Kia Motors Corporation.
On July 9, 2002, in the city of Vsevolzhsk, Leningrad Region, the new plant Ford Motor Company full production cycle.
The American automobile manufacturer Ford is one of the main market leaders. For more than a century of existence, this auto giant has created dozens of different models of cars. All American brands of machines of this manufacturer are reliable and affordable for the resulting high quality.
Ford - brief information about the company
Every boy knows where Ford is produced. Henry Ford founded his automobile enterprise in America in 1903. About thirty thousand dollars the creator received from investors to create a company. In history, the name of this brand is inscribed for centuries. Since this is the first car in the world assembled on an assembly line. It is not easy to say where Ford is assembled. The fact is that the company has factories in the most different countries peace. As for the Russian Federation, here the cars of this brand are assembled in Kaluga. There are also enterprises in Brazil, Argentina, China and other countries. Ford also owns American car brands such as Lincoln and Mercure. This guide automobile company now implemented by Alan Mulally.
Ford - models overview (list of the best)
Throughout its existence, a huge number of cars have been produced under the Ford brand. The best-selling brands are:
- F-Series is a full-size pickup truck. This car produced from 1948 to this day by Ford. Country of manufacture - America. The car of this model is the best-selling car in the history of the automotive industry. Throughout its history, it has been purchased more than thirty million times.
- Escort- successful car from Ford brand. Country of manufacture - America. There was also a division in Europe. This car has been assembled for thirty-five years. Since 2003, the car of this model is no longer produced. Over the entire period of the existence of this brand, Ford has sold twenty million copies of the Escort.
- Fiesta- bright representative B-class cars from Ford. Producing countries - America, Brazil, China, Thailand and others. The model has existed since 1976, now it is also being produced. The number of copies sold reaches thirteen million units.
- Focus is a series of cars launched in 1998 in America. In 1999 to the countries Ford manufacturers added Russia. In total, the company has sold more than nine million cars of this model. Half a million of this amount falls on Russia. According to 2010 data, Russians purchased Ford Focus more often than any other car.
- mustang- legendary car of this brand. Its release started in 1964 and continues to this day. It has a super powerful engine. In total, this car was sold nine million times.
F Series
Ford F-Series - iconic american brand machines that have existed for seventy years. For all the time of its existence, this brand has been modified and refined in every possible way. At the moment, there are thirteen series of this car. From the moment of creation and until 1955, the design of the F-Series did not change at all. The transmission has been changed. If at first it was three-stage, then it became already five-stage. Also, the manufacturer constantly sought to increase the carrying capacity of the pickup truck. Significant changes occurred in the sixth generation. The radiator grill has been modified. The headlights were changed from round to square. The body began to be made of more durable metal with anti-corrosion coating. In the eighties, the truck received a more acute-angled shape and a new automatic box gears. Now the car of this brand is made of high-strength aluminum alloys, has an economical engine and active aerodynamics.
Escort
For all the time of its existence, the car was produced in five generations. Initially, the car had the following characteristics:
- Drive - rear.
- Engine - gasoline, designed for 1.1 liters. and 1.3 l.
- Body type - sedan and station wagon.
- Options - standard, deluxe and super.
After numerous changes, the car's engine was enlarged. The last series was produced with a gasoline engine capacity of 1.3, 1.6, 1.8 liters. and two liter. It also appeared possible to purchase models with diesel engines of 1.8 liters. As for body types, Escort began to be created not only in the form of sedans and station wagons, but they also introduced a convertible and a hatchback.
Fiesta
The first Fords of this brand were presented in two bodies - a hatchback (3 doors) and a van (2 doors, without windows and seats in the rear). The body was made of sheet steel. The hood of this car opened forward. The braking system of the Fiesta was diagonal and dual circuit. The brakes were strengthened by special pneumatics. The front axle was equipped with disc brakes, the rear had drum brakes. The drive for this model is original form was front wheel drive. The first configurations came exclusively with gasoline engines from 1.0 l. and 1.1 l. gearbox in this car was mechanical.
Over the years, the car has undergone significant changes. Now you can buy it in the most various types engine starting from 1.25 liters. and ending with two-liter. The brakes are now disc brakes for all axles. Externally, the car has become more massive and safer than its predecessors.
Focus
This model differs in compactness, external attractiveness and profitability. In Russia this model love very much. The car has the following characteristics:
- Three body styles including sedan, hatchback and station wagon.
- At the base lies latest platform C2.
- Has a panoramic roof.
- Headlights - LED.
- Eight-speed gearbox with rotary shifter.
- Two types of engines - three-cylinder gasoline and four-cylinder diesel.
In the latest model, the car is already assembled in Germany. It is also planned to launch in China. Concerning Russian factories, then here they still do not have information about the assembly of the new model. It is worth noting that in all generations the Ford Focus has a good level of security, which makes it very popular among buyers. Perhaps it was this indicator that made the Russians fall in love with a car of this brand so much and made it the best-selling car in Russia in 2010.
Mustang
This car is relevant for all times, as it is considered an absolute classic of the American automobile industry. Cars of the latest series are distinguished by a stylish futuristic design. In the minimum configuration, it has a four-liter engine and a power of 210 hp. With. In its maximum configuration, the engine reaches a power of five hundred and fifty liters per second. The engine in this case is 5.4 liters. The transmission is both manual and automatic. This car was created after a deep analysis of the needs of customers and has become the favorite of millions. Initially, they wanted to call it "Panther" and even developed the appropriate symbols, but at the last moment the management decided to use the bright and catchy name "Mustang".
