Power steering electrics or hydraulics - choose the best option. What is better power steering or electric power steering

Drivers who started with old cars remember that in some cases their hands got tired from constantly turning the steering wheel - primitive designs without any amplifiers, they were really difficult to manage and required a lot of endurance from a person for a long ride.

Of course, the situation has changed somewhat with the advent of modern steering racks, which have facilitated the work of the driver, significantly reducing the turning force. However, most automakers are trying to make management vehicle as convenient as possible - they strive to achieve this with the help of power steering (GUR).

Now they are gradually giving way to electric amplifiers (EUR), which have earned very mixed reviews. To understand which is better: power steering or EUR, you need to consider the main advantages and features of both options.

Design features

The hydraulic booster is a fairly simple mechanism, which consists of a pusher (piston) driven by a special oil. It is mounted separately from the steering shaft, although it is directly connected to it. When the vehicle deviates from the straight path of the vehicle, the hydraulic booster pump is activated, which pumps liquid into the working chamber through special pipelines, causing the wheels to turn with less effort. The performance of the power steering pump is proportional to the steering angle, which allows you to accurately match the response.

Diagram of power steering mechanisms

This design has a significant advantage - it does not depend on electronic control and is not subject to software failures, which many owners fear modern cars mobiles. Of course, in some models, the power steering is equipped with several sensors that evaluate its operation, but their presence is not at all mandatory. However, the downside is the need to use the consumables presented. In addition, there are many seals and connections in the hydraulic booster that are subject to wear during high-load operation. All this makes it a rather unreliable unit and requires regular diagnostics of the steering condition.

The electric booster, as its name suggests, uses the current generated by the car's alternator to power a compact motor. It is located directly on the steering shaft, due to which it takes up much less space in engine compartment, and it drives the whole mechanism with the help of a small torsion shaft.

Diagram of electric power steering mechanisms

Performance is no longer regulated mechanically, but automatically - signals for changing the current strength are given to the electric amplifier by a compact control unit based on microprocessors. Of course, failures of such a device are quite rare, but in case of a sudden breakdown or failure of the control program, electric amplifiers provide emergency mode work, which allows you to maintain control even in the most.

Electric power steering have much more simple design and do not require the use of special consumables. In addition, the absence of a hydraulic circuit means that there are no many seals and moving joints, which are dangerous in terms of ruptures and leaks. Of course, damage to the wires and sensors can disable the electric booster, but this happens much less frequently than a breakdown in the hydraulic system. Therefore, electric amplifiers are now considered progressive and are used by most major manufacturers.

Ease of management

From the point of view of the convenience of the steering system, hydraulic boosters remain unsurpassed today. They provide better feedback and allow the driver to feel what the limits of the car's capabilities are in sharp turns. In addition, the hydraulic booster is almost insensitive to vibrations and shocks, so it does not need special protection from poor road surfaces.

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With hydraulic booster it is more comfortable to drive a car

In practice, this means that the motorist not only feels the capabilities of the vehicle and can determine the moment of loss of control, but also can perceive all the flaws of bad asphalt. Thanks to this, serviceable hydraulic boosters create almost the same sensations as when using cars without any additional components in the steering.

The electric amplifier needs careful calibration to provide a similar feeling - at present, only manufacturers working in premium segment. In addition, the electric motor used in such a circuit has a fairly high sensitivity to shock loads and vibrations - they can significantly reduce its service life. Therefore, to protect the assembly from damage, the steering shaft is equipped with a special damper that dampens vibrations.

The electric booster is comfortable only in the premium segment

It would seem that control should become more convenient without shaking the steering wheel, but many automotive experts and just car owners note that they experience severe discomfort when using an electric power amplifier with non-ideal settings. According to reviews, driving such a car is more like computer game, since the driver does not feel any feedback or shock when driving through road sections with poor coverage- although in expensive cars there is no such adverse effect.

Efficiency and reliability

The use of power steering forces the car to lose some of the power - it goes to the pump drive, which can have quite large needs. Therefore, the use of power steering inevitably leads to a deterioration in dynamic parameters and a significant increase in fuel consumption with other comparable parameters. At the same time, even with constant movement in a straight line, the situation does not improve at all - the pump works constantly, moving oil through the tubes of high and low pressure.

Every motorist should be aware that the hydraulic booster cannot withstand extreme conditions for a long time - while holding the steering wheel in extreme position within 10-15 seconds, the pump will overheat, causing the unit to shut down completely. To restart it, you need to turn off the car, wait a few minutes and start it again, carefully moving the steering wheel from the extreme position to the zero point.

Electric amplifiers are considered more economical - they do not directly take the power of the motor, but only create an additional load on the generator. In addition, the electric booster works only when the wheels are turning, and when driving along a straight path, the motor remains completely turned off - it does not worsen dynamic characteristics machine and does not create additional . Also, when the steering wheel is turned to the extreme position, heating will occur only when the steering wheel is rotated very quickly in sequence. different sides which can only be done on purpose.

However, turning off electric amplifiers cannot be called a rarity - it mainly happens when driving off-road or on roads covered with viscous loose snow. After a while, the node will give an alarm, after which its performance will be limited and the driver will see a warning, and if the movement occurs in similar conditions and further, the amplifier will turn off until the motor has completely cooled down.

Technologies

The only way to fine-tune the power steering is to use a progressive rack. gear ratio. It helps to create some heaviness when turning the steering wheel at a small angle, which helps to increase the stability of the car when driving with enough high speed. However, when the steering wheel deviates from the zero position for a long distance, the force is significantly reduced, which makes it easier to park in a large city.

In addition, the manufacturer can vary the performance of the pump, but it must be kept within a fairly narrow range in order to prevent damage to the assembly due to overload and not to make the force too small. That is why manufacturers premium cars prefer a well-tuned electric amplifier.

The hydraulic booster consists of many parts

In turn, it can change its performance on the go - the first time a circuit with the ability to switch steering sensitivity modes has been tested in motorsport. In addition, in the control unit of the electric amplifier, you can write special program, which will simulate the change gear ratio- this does not even require the use of more expensive and difficult-to-manufacture rails. That is why in many modern electric amplifiers you can select several operating modes:

The settings of the electric amplifier can be changed on the go, if such a function is provided by the manufacturer - to do this, just press a special button or select the appropriate item in the menu of the electronic control system.

Electric booster weak for heavy vehicles

This situation will continue in the near future, because in order to develop compact motors with high torque and great resource it takes a lot of time. Some developers tried to use alternative schemes in which the electric power is located separately from the steering shaft - while they could use any engine. However, such a system was recognized as unpromising, since it does not have great advantages over a hydraulic booster, which has a lower production cost.

What are the predictions?

A few years ago, electric amplifiers were installed exclusively on small cars that were not demanding on ease of control. However, practice has shown that, with good calibration, such a unit can have parameters similar to hydraulic boosters, or even exceed them. Therefore, now electric amplifiers are gradually beginning to be installed on sports cars and executive cars.

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Now it is almost impossible to find a car that is not equipped with one or another power steering. However, now there are two big classes, these are hydraulic system if abbreviated, then - "GUR" and electrical system- EUR. They can be equally installed on the same model! But which one is better? What are the advantages of one over the other? And what to choose so that it goes for a very long time and does not break. Let's figure it out today. Plus a video version and a vote at the end so it'll be interesting...

In this article, I will not describe in detail how this or that system works, yet I already have a lot of articles about it. We will think about which option for this moment easier, better, more precise and more durable.

GUR (hydraulic system)

It is with this option that you should start, because it was the first to appear on cars and still has not lost its relevance.

Principle of operation : Very simple, here the main working body is special liquid often this is which is poured into . Herself steering rack it is a hollow cylinder into which a piston attached to the steering shaft goes (if you exaggerate it is very similar to a pharmacy syringe). A special pump pumps oil pressure in one direction or the other, and this piston begins to deviate in one direction or another, helping you to turn the steering wheel accordingly. The oil in the system is about 0.5 - 1 liter, it is pumped up by the pump, which is driven by crankshaft engine, that is, they are connected by a belt drive. Of course, there are metal and rubber tubes in the system, through which it actually swings working fluid.

Due to the rigid connection, the motor power is reduced, because the part is simply eaten by the pump!

A few words about EGUR . Therefore, electric power steering is now beginning to appear. What does it mean? There are few differences, but they are significant - here, instead of a belt pump, an electric motor is used, that is, electricity is simply supplied and it pumps oil in the system. Thus, taking away much less power and saving up to 0.5 - 0.7 liters per 100 km. Well, now it's time to think about the pros and cons of this device

GORA Advantages

• Controllability. The driver has good feedback from the road, in terms of accuracy of response and response, it is the power steering that comes first
• Great effort. Such amplifiers are placed on many HEAVY trucks, All electrical systems so far not fully adapted

• Comfortable to drive, both at low and at high speed movements
• Now there are devices of a new generation, with electric pumps that do not use a belt drive and save fuel
• No complicated electronic sensors, you can call this system analog (EGUR exception)
• Reliability for Enough high level, if you follow and change in time, it can take a very long time

In general, there are not so many complaints about this system, it still works stably, accurately, and, importantly, it can “twist” the heavy rails of trucks. However negative points also missing

Cons GURA

• Takes up quite a lot of space under the hood (pipes, pump, rail itself) all this is pretty cumbersome
• It has special oil, which needs to be changed after a certain number of kilometers, otherwise a breakdown is possible. Because seals can wear out faster

• If the model is old (belt), then it increases fuel consumption, up to 10% (when compared with the opponent). Because it additionally creates a load on the engine (pressure is built up due to the belt drive that comes from the crankshaft, respectively, part of the engine's energy is spent on the hydraulic booster). Even at idle

• At low temperatures, you need to use it more carefully, it is advisable to warm it up
• If it drips, oil leaks out, then you can’t operate the car! Or very limited mileage. Otherwise, the pump itself, which pumps oil, may break.
• Repairs are sometimes very expensive. Although almost all service stations do it, there is nothing particularly complicated here.

As you can see, the disadvantages of this system are also significant, especially power take-off and fuel consumption. After all, if you have a low-volume engine, it is already “dead”, and then the hydraulic booster also takes it away.

EUR (electric power steering)

It was created as a more perfect and more simple system(and is still being improved). He has a lot of varieties, read at least.

Principle of operation : Again, in a nutshell - everything is simply taken by an electric motor, connected to a shaft (on which there are special grooves, or a screw, or just splines) and this electric motor pushes this shaft to the right or left.

Difference electric amplifiers only that the electric motor can be attached to different parts of the steering mechanism:

• To the steering column
• On the rack shaft itself (I use a spline connection)
• Parallel to steering column shaft (two shaft systems)
• Using ball nut

Ask why there are so many different mechanisms - yes, all because you have not yet achieved normal effort and “taxiing” accuracy like that of an opponent. Although the latter type with a ball nut came very close to this.

Of course, the EURA has no liquid, no hoses and pipes, no pump - it is very compact, which often allows it to be mounted even on the steering column.

However negative side here is the presence of various sensors and other electronics, but everything is in order

Positive moments of the electric amplifier

• The driver has sufficient effort and contact with the road
• Has two positions. City and highway. In city mode, the steering wheel is lighter, which contributes to comfortable driving. In the "track" mode, it turns off already at 40 - 60 km / h, which was done on purpose, at high speed the amplifier is not needed. That's why Feedback increased.
• Fuel economy. There is no additional load on the engine, because it does not have belt drives, it is powered by a generator (battery) with electricity. If the car is stationary and the steering wheel does not turn, it does not work. Activated only when turning. Saves up to 10% fuel
• Takes up little space under the hood and in the cabin. Since it is technically simpler (and more compact) than power steering

• It does not have liquid, and, accordingly, is practically maintenance-free
• It has a wide temperature range of use. For example, in winter period you don't need to heat it up. Even a few seconds
• If it breaks down, you can move freely, only now the steering wheel will become heavier, at least you will always reach the service station
• Many electronic systems autopilot (parking), work only with EUR
• At the moment - RELIABLE, not inferior in quality to the hydraulic booster

As you can see, there are really a lot of positive moments, some don’t even know that they have an electric booster until it is covered in 150 - 200,000 km, because there are simply no jars and other parts under the hood. I like that lately, it has been tuned quite accurately, that is, it begins to be similar in terms of the accuracy of “taxiing” exactly to its opponent. However, he is still far from him, yet there are also a lot of minuses here.

Negative moments EURA

• Repair is expensive, difficult to diagnose. Ordinary service stations often simply do not know what is broken, there are corny oxides on the contacts and such an amplifier is already buggy. You need special diagnostic tools to read errors. Also, the blocks here are often not repaired, but changed as an assembly. If the motor is covered, it is often cast either with a steering rack or with a column, they are changed together. AND IT'S EXPENSIVE!

• If moisture gets under the protective covers, it may fail
• Since it uses electricity, it requires a more powerful generator and complex wiring.
• The first models were sometimes “buggy”, they turned in the wrong direction, they did not work clearly. True, this was only found on our VAZs.

TOTAL

It seems to me that progress is inexorably striving for electric amplifier options, this is inevitable. At least because everything modern systems, such as "steering" and keeping the car in the lane, parking, and other autopilots cannot work with the hydraulic version, it simply does not have electric motor which they can control! Also, the EUR is more economical, fuel is consumed less, which is very important for the environment. Its reliability is the same, that is, both options can go for a long time. That is why now many manufacturers, not only European, but also Japanese and Korean, are switching to electric units for passenger cars.

Although two important tasks need to be solved, these are control accuracy (it is higher on the power steering), and installation on trucks heavy vehicles. Now this is practically impossible, because rail-mounted electric motors turn out to be heavy and voracious in terms of energy.

If you are now taking for an ordinary inexpensive car in the city, and even a small car, (you are moving at low speeds), then look towards the EUR. If the car is a class higher, the speed is higher, you need control accuracy, then power steering can also be considered.

Now watch the video version

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Almost everything modern cars, in particular foreign cars, power steering is installed. Today, there are two types of amplifiers: electric and hydraulic, and each of them has its pros and cons.

Let's see what are the main differences between hydraulic booster and electric power steering. How do they differ, and which one is more reliable. Let's start with the most common type - power steering, that is .

Power steering (GUR).

In the work of power steering, it is used ATF oil, which also applies to automatic boxes gears. The hydraulic booster works like this: under high pressure, the pump pumps oil into the distributor. The task of this distributor consists of monitoring and dosing the forces on the steering wheel. Together with him, the torsion bar installed on the steering shaft works.

So what are the benefits of power steering?

The first advantage is that the power steering is an excellent feedback to the road.

Second virtue this device, it's comfort. After all, everyone knows that a car with a hydraulic booster installed in it is much easier to drive. Whatever the speed.

Third, more related to modern amplifiers. They install electric pumps in which there is no longer a belt drive.

But nothing in this world is perfect, and power steering has its drawbacks.

One of the main disadvantages of GUR is that it requires very careful handling in winter. And if the unexpected happened - the device leaked, you need to immediately fix the malfunction, since the car, with such a breakdown, can no longer be used. Otherwise, the pump that heats the oil may also break. Therefore, immediately go to car service if this happened.

The next drawback is the need to change the oil after a certain number of kilometers.

If your power steering is a belt type, this increases fuel consumption, as it creates an additional load on the engine.

Dimensions are another drawback. Due to its design, power steering occupies an impressive place under the hood.

Also, the disadvantages of the hydraulic booster include the complexity and high cost of repair and maintenance.

Electric power steering (EUR).

Now, let's move on to the EUR, that is, to the electric power steering. It works with the use of electric current, which is already clear from its name.

Compared to the hydraulic booster, there are no liquids here, the level of which would have to be monitored. The EUR does not work constantly, but only when cornering. It makes less noise, and all work is monitored by sensors.

First of all, the advantages of the electric amplifier include its excellent connection with the road.

The EUR has two modes of use: urban, and for the highway. It is easier to drive a car in city mode. If the device was in fast lane, then already at fifty kilometers, it will automatically switch back,

An important advantage of the EUR over the hydraulic booster is that it does not use liquids, which makes it possible not to service it at all.

Since there are no belt structures in the electric amplifier, and it is powered by a generator, this does not create additional loads on the engine.

This device takes up less space under the hood. After all, an electric booster is a much simpler device than a power steering.

Repair of the EUR, although expensive, is not so difficult. Yes, and if a breakdown occurs, you can continue your journey, the steering wheel, however, will become a little harder. But this will not prevent you from calmly reaching your destination, and slowly go to the auto repair shop.

As for the downsides, there is only one. Since electricity is used to power the EUR, a more powerful generator is required for the car.

So, we have analyzed the main differences, as well as the pros and cons of the hydraulic booster and electric power steering. I think the choice is obvious. Over time, the EUR will gradually oust its competitor, which, in principle, is fair.

A person is forced to make muscular efforts, overcoming the resistance of the wheels when turning the car. There is a need for an assistive device. His invention became important technical achievement that influenced further development automotive industry.

In the 1920-1930s, they tried to install power steering on heavy dump trucks, armored vehicles. At first, the devices were pneumatic (using air pressure). The low accuracy of such devices (with increased weight and new speed characteristics technology) opened the way for the use of special amplifiers hydraulic type already tested in shipping. Mass installation of hydraulic boosters car steering wheel began in America in the 1940s, swept through post-war Europe. (In the USSR, many serial cars produced without power steering.)

The turn of the 20th-21st centuries marked the beginning of the era of the introduction of electric power steering.

According to statistics, about 10% of Russian drivers prefer a car that is not equipped with power steering. For some of them, the money issue is relevant (or these are the owners of small cars).

Some people love the immediate feel of the road, especially when high speeds, note increased information content on complex surfaces (ice, wet asphalt). There are motorists who like to put in the effort. Most often it is a matter of skill and habit.

Benefits of driving with power steering

• the amplifier takes the lion's share of the load on itself;
• no need for in large numbers turns of the steering wheel, it does not break out of the hands;
• softens the feeling of bumps in the road;
• the machine is easier to control, maneuverability increases; difficult turns are effortless;
• taxiing at low speeds becomes more convenient;
• the trajectory of movement is stabilized;
• when the front tire is punctured, it is easier to keep the car;
• the driver is less stressed, does not get tired;
• especially true if the driver is a woman;
• the wear resistance of the steering mechanism is increased, its service life is extended.

All this ensures maximum safety and comfortable driving(assuming the vehicle is in good condition).

The potential hazard only arises when emergency situation– sudden failure (breakdown) of the power steering system when turning while driving. In this case, the reaction, knowledge and experience of the driver become crucial. Problems can be signaled extraneous noise, vibrations, sudden shocks, turning the steering wheel, turning it difficult or too easy.

According to statistics, a quarter of Russian drivers prefer power steering, and half prefer electric power steering (and the figures are shifting in favor of the EUR). The advantages of each of these mechanisms are determined by their design features.

In modern cars, electric boosters, hydraulic boosters and electric power steering are used.

EUR: what is it in a car (electromechanical power steering, EMUR, EURU)

Eur what is it in the car? Works like an electric motor. Affects steering by means of an electric drive.

Sensors analyze the position of the steering wheel. Readings are reported electronic unit management, where they are processed by a special computer system. From here, guiding signals are transmitted to the placed in steering gear electric motor. It converts electrical energy into mechanical energy, making driving easier.

What is power steering in a car (hydraulic power steering)

This device works like a pump. The influence on the steering mechanism is produced by the pressure of the liquid (oil).

When the engine is turned on, a rotating drive belt drives hydraulic pump. A constant supply of oil from the tank to the system is maintained.

When the driver turns the steering wheel, a special mechanism (spool) moves in response to this rotation and closes the oil drain channel back to the reservoir. The liquid through the distributor (valve) enters the power hydraulic cylinder.

It converts fluid pressure into piston pressure, which produces a force on the steering. At the end of the turn and straight-line movement, all channels open, the oil goes back into the tank and continues to circulate empty through the system through the connecting hoses.

Electric power steering (hybrid, electro-hydraulic power steering, EGUR)

Originated as upgraded version hydraulic booster. It works from a special generator (and not from a car engine) and turns off when the car moves along a straight path.

Special sensors read the speed of the steering wheel. Signals are sent to the control unit and communicated to an electric motor that drives a hydraulic pump.

Comparative characteristics

Disadvantages of electric power steering and advantages of hydraulic booster:

1. There is a sensitivity of the EUR to a bad (muddy, bumpy) road and moisture (in particular, when bad weather- when it snows, rains, puddles). In such cases, there is a danger of overheating and shutdown, as well as burnout.
2. The power steering smoothes shocks better when the road is uneven and hits a curb.
3. The EUR does not give an instant reaction in the event of a quick turn of the wheels in the other direction. And if you turn the steering wheel sharply, the system may turn off altogether.
4. For power steering there is more possibilities self repair.
5. In the case of the EUR, the possibility of an electronics failure is not ruled out (although this is mainly the fault of old and cheap models; another reason is non-compliance with the operating rules).
6. Production of power steering is less expensive; their price is lower than that of EUR.
7. The EUR has a restriction on installation on heavy trucks and SUVs (due to lack of power).

Benefits of electric power steering

1. Ease of taxiing with the EUR ("one finger"). Excellent maneuverability when parking, fast adaptation to changing speeds.
2. EUR parameter settings for various modes work. (Crosswind stabilization, car parking)
3. Latitude temperature range for EUR. The fluid in the power steering under the influence of temperatures and overloads can freeze, boil.
4. Simplicity of design and maintenance of the EUR. It is only necessary to monitor the condition of the bearings. Maintenance Power Steering is more time consuming. Regular inspection for integrity is required, monitoring the tightness of the hydraulic tubes, checking the tension drive belt, oil level. There are rules for changing the oil and filter.
5. The compact size of the EUR.
6. Efficiency EUR ( less consumption fuel, higher efficiency).
7. Operation of the machine after turning off the faulty EUR. For the power steering, this is undesirable (the steering is destroyed; other breakdowns may occur).
8. The ability to hold the steering wheel in the extreme position for a long time with the EUR. On cars with power steering, a delay of more than 5 seconds threatens with serious damage.
9. Environmental friendliness of EUR. Cars with power steering give more harmful emissions; exhausted power steering is more difficult to dispose of.
10. Serious prospects for EUR progress.

Choose between hydro and electric power steering

Outcome

Some power steering imperfections were eliminated in models with EGUR: there was an increase in efficiency, it became possible to set desired parameters, the drive belt was replaced with an electric motor. But the future still belongs to electromechanical power steering. This is a worldwide trend because their benefits are obvious.

Today, many modern cars are equipped with a function such as power steering. Many drivers know about this feature of the steering wheel only what is with it. steering wheel rotates with greater ease, respectively, the presence of power steering largely determines the comfort when driving a car. In this article we will talk about the device and the principle of operation of power steering and EUR systems.

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What you need to know about GUR?

What is power steering, what is its purpose and what is it used for? First, let's look at functions.

Functions

The power steering was originally created to make driving easier. The main purpose of the system is to provide more easy turn steering wheel during maneuvers while driving. In addition, the power steering in the car is needed in order to improve its maneuverability due to the fact that the motorist no longer needs to make an effort to turn.

The device also allows you to increase the safety of the vehicle in the event of certain unforeseen situations during the journey. Such a power steering device allows you to soften the vibration on the steering wheel if the car falls into a pit or bump. In addition, the device will protect the motorist in case of an unexpected rubber puncture, as the system automatically holds the steering wheel in a straight position. Accordingly, even such an emergency while driving will not change the direction of the car.

Scheme of the power steering and elements

What's happened hydraulic booster steering wheel and why it is needed in a car, of course, now consider the diagram.

This device consists of a pump, a distributor device, a hydraulic cylinder, connecting pipes, consumable and tank:

1. The main element that the power steering has is the pump. Thanks to this device, the entire assembly is provided with pressure, which allows you to create a fluid circulation system. In practice, plastic pumps are often used in modern cars, since they have the most high efficiency and are characterized long life operation. Typically, the pump that creates pressure is located on the power unit.
2. The switchgear performs the function of directing and distributing the consumable material - oil - into certain cavities of the cylinder. In car designs, there are several types of switchgears - rotary and axial. In the event that the movement of the spool in the system is translational, the device is considered axial, and if the spool rotates, then the device is rotary. Such a distributor device allows it to be located both on the shaft and directly under the steering gear. The distributor itself is a sensitive device to oil contamination.
3. Hydraulic cylinder. Such a unit device is designed to actuate the rod and piston of water by acting on these elements of oil pressure. Due to a sufficient level of pressure, the wheels of the car turn under the influence of levers. The hydraulic cylinder can be installed on the steering system or between the drive and the vehicle body.
4. Another important element of the circuit is the connecting pipes, without them the work of the power steering will be impossible. The main purpose of the nozzles is to ensure the unhindered passage of consumables throughout the system. The connecting pipes are divided among themselves into elements of low or high pressure. Low pressure pipes are required to return the working fluid from the tank to the pump and from the pump to the tank. High pressure hoses are designed to supply oil between the cylinder, distributor and pump.
5. An equally important component of any scheme is consumables. Such oil is designed to provide force to the cylinder from the pump. In addition, thanks to the liquid, lubrication of all components of the assembly is ensured.
6. The reservoir contains all the oil needed to circulate through the system. The tank is equipped with a filter to ensure complete cleaning of the oil circulating through the system. Depending on the design, the tank can be equipped with a dipstick with marks that allow you to check the liquid level.

Principle of operation

Next, consider the principle of operation of the power steering. As mentioned above, there are two types of spools, but even with different elements, the principle of operation and the layout of the assembly are almost identical. When the steering wheel is in the center position, it is held by centering springs, at which time the consumable circulates throughout the entire assembly without problems if the distributor is installed correctly. As for the pump, it works more intensively, at this stage the main function is to transfer the working fluid through the amplifier. The pump is always running, whether the wheels turn or not.

When the steering wheel is turned, the spool also begins to move. After moving, the component closes the drain pipes, and oil enters one of the cylinders. At the same time, the liquid begins to act on the rod and piston, as a result of which the wheels and the camshaft housing rotate in the direction of the spool movement. The body of the mechanism itself overtakes the spool at the moment when it stops moving, this indicates that the turn of the car has been completed. When the driver has completed the maneuver, the spool component returns to its original position, after which the oil drain line opens (video by XtaticVideo).

What is the difference between hydro and electric power steering?

What is EUR?

What is the difference between power steering and electric power steering? The electric power steering is a unit that uses electricity. One of the main advantages of electric power steering is the excellent connection between the motorist and the car. In the case of the EUR, there are several modes of operation - urban and suburban.

In urban mode, electric power steering allows the motorist to steer the vehicle in multiple parking lots and corners. As for the suburban mode or the highway, the auto unit is automatically turned off when the car speed reaches 60 km / h, since at this speed the electric booster is no longer required. By design, the electric booster device is simpler than the power steering - the unit is powered by a generator and does not affect gasoline consumption in any way. In addition, it does not have a belt connection with the motor, and the repair of the electric booster is always carried out much faster than in the case of power steering.

The difference between power steering and EUR: there is oil in the power steering, but it is not in the EUR.

Cons of power steering and EUR

How do electric and hydraulic boosters differ, figured out, so which is better power steering or EUR? The main disadvantage of power steering is the presence of consumables in the assembly, and any working fluid needs to be replaced from time to time. If the air temperature is too low, then the assembly may simply fog up from the inside. In the event that a lubricant leak has begun in the power steering, it is necessary to contact specialists as soon as possible, since more complex repair will always be more expensive.

One of the main disadvantages of an electric amplifier is that the node requires the use necessary to power the first one. As for breakdowns, they happen much less frequently with electric amplifiers, and a competent specialist can always do everything quickly. But still, the steering wheel of a car with power steering always turns more easily than with the EUR. It should be noted that today many manufacturers are increasingly equipping their cars with electric amplifiers.

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Video "Which is better - power steering or EUR?"

Which of these two types of power steering is better - find out from the video (video author - Avto-Blogger.ru).