Cars powered by electricity existed as early as the middle of the 19th century, and if not for the difficulty of recharging, they could compete with their gasoline counterparts. At the beginning of the 21st century, many companies began to promote their electric vehicles, and almost no model could compete with conventional cars in terms of driving performance. But the appearance in the arena Tesla Motors to some extent corrected the situation, and many believe that the future belongs to electric vehicles produced by Tesla. Is it so? - Time will tell! But let's see what Tesla cars can boast of today.

A little about Tesla Motors

It all started in 2003, when two enthusiasts Martin Eberhard and Mark Tarpenning founded a company that symbolically was named after Nikola Tesla. This scientist designed the electric motor 100 years ago.

From the very beginning, the goal of the company's activity was the commercialization of electric vehicles. First priority was the creation of a premium sports car to show that electric vehicles can compete even at the highest level. Over time, it was planned to mass-produce such cars in various bodies, which should become available to the average consumer. True, while Tesla-mobiles in the normal configuration cost approximately $ 100,000 ...

The guys needed good investments, and they soon turned to Elon Musk. He became very interested in the project, because electric vehicles can make the world a better place, at least partially removing it from the oil needle. "Okay, I'm in!" Musk said, becoming the main shareholder of the company's president. His enthusiasm and, of course, financial means gave the future of Tesla Motors.

Today, Elon Musk is the face of the company. He not only made huge investments in the whole enterprise, but also initiated the implementation of some technological and design solutions for Tesla cars.

In a word, Tesla Motors received proper support and funding, especially after the presentation of the first electric sports car.

They continue to move on a given course and are preparing for the release of the fourth electric car. Although it is worth noting the unpleasant fact that the company has been operating at a specific loss in recent years.

What makes Tesla mobile special

In each model of an electric car from Tesla, new chips appeared, which we will talk about later, but the main technological solutions can be traced throughout the entire model range.

Design

Everyone knows that liquid-fuel cars have hundreds of moving parts, but in the case of our electric friends, everything is a little simpler - they are provided only four major systems:

• Energy storage system (ESS);
• Power Electronics Module (PEM);
• Electric motor;
• Sequential gearbox.

Thus, electric vehicles have less weight, more usable space inside (two trunks), and less chance of breakage due to relatively few parts.

Autopilot

Tesla's advanced autopilot also deserves attention. So far, the presence of a driver behind the wheel is still not excluded, but Elon Musk promises that the car will soon will be able to drive from one American coast to another without the participation of the driver, who does not even have to deal with recharging - everything will be done by artificial intelligence.

Autopilot Tesla

The autopilot can move along the road, sticking to its lane, steer and slow down so as not to collide with other cars, control speed based on traffic, and perform many other useful things.

Current models can independently (without a driver) overcome up to 12 meters, for example, in order to park or drive into a garage.

Autopilot action:

Minimalism in the cabin

The center console is represented by a huge touch screen (the size depends on the model), with the help of which the main control takes place. You will not find any toggle switches and buttons. In place of the usual dashboard there is also a display with all the necessary information.

The interior itself corresponds to the price of the car, but we will not paint it much, because there are no comrades for the taste and color.

Batteries

The power source is something without which the electric car will not go. Prior to this, large galvanic cells were used, but Tesla Motors went the other way. Their cars are battery powered from several thousand lithium-ion batteries manufactured by Panasonic, similar to those used in household appliances.

In the Tesla Roadster, the battery was located behind the seats, and in the Model S it was placed in the floor of the car. This solution allowed us to save usable space and improve handling.

"Supercharge" network

Tesla car owners should count on long trips, so Supercharger was developed - charging stations for electric vehicles. In the future, they should be as accessible and widespread as conventional gas stations.

To date, the Supercharge network is well developed in the United States: you can drive from one coast to another without fear that your battery will run out on the road and there will be nowhere to charge. Slowly, the Supercharger appears in Europe, Asia, and even in Russia, such a miracle can be seen in some places.

The battery can be charged in less than an hour.

Initially, recharging was free for Tesla car owners, but the manufacturer recently announced that, under the new rules, fees will still be charged. More precisely, each owner of such a car will be given an annual coupon for 400 kWh of free charging, and when the limit is exhausted, you will have to pay out of your own pocket. Rates are not yet known.

Tesla lineup

Since 2006, only 4 Tesla vehicles have been presented and put into production:

• Tesla Roadster sports car;
• Tesla Model S sedan;
• Crossover Tesla Model X;
• Tesla Model 3 sedan.

It's interesting that for purchase Tesla car it is necessary to leave an application on the official website of the company. This is not typical for automotive market, because usually sales occur through dealers.

The debut work of Tesla Motors - the Roadster electric sports car was produced from 2008 to 2012. During this period, about 2,600 cars rolled off the assembly line.

The body and chassis were borrowed from the Lotus Elise. It was a kind of breaking the stereotype that all electric cars do not have an elegant appearance. Tesla Roadster looks like a real sports car.

Electric induction motor weighs only 32 kg, while the Tesla Roadster can accelerate up to 100 km/h in just 4 seconds, A maximum speed is 201.1 km/h. On a single charge, you can drive up to 400 km. In the basic configuration, it cost $109,000.

Due to the peculiarities of the motor reaction, there was no need for complex gears. There are only three of them in the Roadster: two forward and one rear.

In addition to such goodies as heated seats, a stereo system, ABS, the following innovations appeared in this car, which are also in subsequent models:

• A unique code that allows you to start the car.
• A special transceiver with which you can control, for example, the opening of the garage door.
• Docking station for iPad.
• Electric door handles.

Interestingly, the first Tesla Roadster at the presentation in 2006 could drive no more than 5 minutes due to overheating of the batteries.

In a word, by releasing the Roadster, manufacturers were able to really express themselves and demonstrate new technological solutions in terms of the production of electric vehicles.

Tesla Model S

This sedan was presented in 2009 at the Frankfurt Motor Show, and already in 2012 it began mass production.

Model S can pass on one charge 458 km– it became a record among other electric cars. True, for this you need to order a car with a modernized battery.

The price varies from 75 thousand to 105 thousand dollars.

It was on this vehicle that automatic battery replacement was first demonstrated as an alternative to recharging. Such a service has become available at Supercharger gas stations and costs about $80.

Some journalists have already dubbed the Model S best car. Of course, the statement is controversial, but, for example, in terms of safety, it really surpasses many other cars on the market. All this thanks to design features electric car:

• Lack of combustible fuel - there is nothing to catch fire!
• Under the hood, the empty storage space is a sort of crumple zone, and it will absorb most of the impact in a frontal collision.
• The center of gravity is much lower than on other cars, therefore, the likelihood of a rollover is reduced.

A distinctive feature of the Model S is the fact that it the first electric car built from scratch. For other similar cars, ready-made bases of gasoline models were used.

Just like that, charging the car from the outlet will not learn. To do this, you have to buy additional charging station or constantly visit Supercharger.

The Model S even went on a "Big Test Drive":

This electric car has become very popular and has overtaken even such cars as Mercedes-Benz S-class and BMW 7-series in sales. In the same Norway, Tesla Model S in September 2013 became the best-selling. This was greatly facilitated governmental support electric vehicles in the form of tax breaks; and high gasoline prices.

Sales of this electric crossover began in 2015. The Model X is built on the Model S platform and is available in three trim levels: 75D, 90D, P90D, which mainly differ in battery power. Already in basic version the car is equipped with two electric motors at once.

The power reserve, depending on the battery, is up to 411 km, and the maximum speed limit is 250 km/h.

The main feature of the Model X is gullwing automatic doors. This decision not only facilitated access to the car interior, but also reduced the required parking space.

The Model X 70D costs $81,000, while the top-of-the-line P90D costs $142,000.

Tesla's electric crossover was conceived as best car for family and travel. In general, the car has come in, given that the demand for the class has increased greatly in recent years. However, there were some negatives - many owners complained about the poor quality of the Model X, and problems with the hardware and malfunctions of mechanical components were mentioned.

Tesla Model 3 sedan

And this electric car at the time of writing the article has not yet been released, but has already been presented.

For the Model 3, again, a new platform was developed, and this time the Tesla car should be aimed at the mass market. Basic version will only cost $35,000.

In terms of driving performance, Model 3, of course, will be inferior to its older brothers: acceleration to 100 km / h in 6 seconds, power reserve - 346 km.

Tesla Semi Truck

In November 2017, Elon Musk presented an electric truck.

Problems

Tesla cars are no doubt superior to competitors in the field of electric transportation, but they still have some typical drawbacks. In particular, this applies severe loss charge during even a short vehicle downtime and rapid discharge at low temperatures.

Conclusion

It is likely that liquid-fuel cars will be slowly replaced by electric cars in a few decades. Tesla was able to show that such competition is real, and successfully continue to delight us with innovative solutions in the automotive industry.

Premium electric car Tesla Model S 2015-2016 model year - a symbiosis of high technology, stylish appearance, sporty character and high cost. Powered by electricity five-door hatchback Tesla Model S from the American Tesla Motors, depending on the power generated by the traction battery (three options are offered), in Russia costs from 111.5 to 152.4 thousand US dollars, and this is without taking into account the cost of additional options. In America price Tesla model C is 74570-105670 dollars, after buying an electric car, the car owner receives 7.5 thousand US dollars as a subsidy from the state.

The Tesla Model S hatchback is an extraordinary, unique and multifaceted car. In our review, we will try to reveal the full versatility of the electric car, and we will start traditionally with the appearance and indicate dimensions body Tesla Model S: electric car in length - 4978 mm, in width - 2189 mm (with folded rear-view mirrors - 1963 mm), in height - 1435 mm, with a wheelbase - 2959 mm. Front wheel track - 1661 mm, rear wheel track - 1699 mm, ground clearance- 145 mm with standard suspension, when installed as an option for air suspension, variable ground clearance in the range of 119-192 mm.

• Installed as standard good year tires Eagle size 245/45R19 on 19-inch alloy aluminum wheels, optional R19 aero wheels and chic low-profile R21 wheels tires Continental Extreme Contact 245/35R21.

When studying the body of the Tesla Model S in the photo and video, one gets the impression that we have a premium and powerful sports car developed in one of the Italian studios automotive design. But in fact the car American manufacturer, created through the efforts of a design team led by Franz von Holzhausen, who previously worked in Japanese Mazda, and even equipped not with a traditional internal combustion engine, but with a three-phase asynchronous electric motor(the most powerful version of the Tesla Model S P85D with two electric motors).

The exterior design of the body of the American electric car captivates with the elegance of lines, original solutions and the overall charisma of the car. On the body of the car, smooth lines and expressive stampings, smooth surfaces alternating with bursts of waves organically merge into a chic designer bouquet.

Front end with squinted headlights (Xenon, LED daytime running lights) running lights), an oval pseudo-false radiator grille, a neat bumper with a compact air intake and stylish foglights. Powerful surface of the hood with bright embossed ribs, chic fenders, elegant rear-view mirrors.

The body profile is simply fantastic - a light and airy front end, a solid and powerful stern. Side doors of the original form with retractable handles, perfect roof dome, stylish wheel arch radii, pompous rear of the car.

Korma is no less extravagant, attractive and stylish. Powerful swelling of the hind wings, neat marker lights(LED filling), solid bumper.
Vibrant enamel colors add even more appeal to the Tesla Model S electric hatchback. Base colors are white and black, silver, blue, green, brown or gray for a $750 surcharge, and for the most stylish pearl white and bright red, you will have to pay already 1500 dollars.
A carbon fiber tailgate spoiler, a panoramic glass sunroof and LED foglights are also available.

Salon Tesla Model S 2015-2016 is standardly designed to accommodate five adults, but if desired, you can order two additional child seats installed in the rear trunk. The electric car, by the way, has two luggage compartments, the front one is able to take 150 liters of cargo, and the rear one is almost 750 liters with the standard position of the second row seats, if you fold the rear ones, we get a fantastic 1800 liters.

Well, welcome to the salon ... and immediately we open our mouths in surprise, because a 17-inch one is installed on the center console !!! color touch screen responsible for the management and settings of all vehicle functions. The 17-inch touchscreen is responsible for the media (connection via Bluetooth or USB), air conditioning and telephone, provides a picture from the rear view camera and navigation, helps open the sunroof and adjust the seats, turn on the lights and seat heating, provide Internet access and wi- fi, inform about energy consumption, help with steering and suspension settings.

In front of the driver is a digital multifunctional instrument panel, which also impresses with the amount of information available, and partly duplicates the picture from the main screen. But if you don’t surprise anyone with such an advanced dashboard, then having a huge tablet in a car is a class. At the same time, the gadget is convenient to use, and you can not leave the car for hours, just do not forget that the electronics are powered, of course, also by electricity, and can empty the battery.

First row armchairs with an anatomical back profile, pronounced lateral support rollers and a pillow optimal length, provide comfortable accommodation for the driver and front passenger, seats with a margin in all directions - 1085 mm for the legs, 1465 mm width of the cabin at shoulder level, 985 mm distance from the seat cushions to the ceiling.

The second row is not as free as the front. Legroom is more than enough - 899 mm, but free headroom is in short supply of only 896 mm, the domed roof is to blame.

As standard equipment the American electric car Tesla Model S has front seats with electric adjustment in 12 directions with memory of the settings and heating, keyless entry to the salon dual zone climate control, cruise control, power tailgate, heated windows and exterior mirrors with automatic folding function, LED background lighting, advanced 17-inch touch screen, audio system (radio, MP3, AAC, MP4, USB 7 speakers) , 8 airbags, ABS, Electronic Stability Control, Traction Control ... leather trim, decorative wood inserts. Optional Nappa leather, carbon inserts.

Specifications Tesla Model S, that's where the fantasy is. The body of the electric car has high torsional and bending rigidity due to the extensive use of high-strength steel and aluminum, and winged metal is also widely used in the suspension. Architecture independent suspension: front - on double wishbones, rear multi-link, coil springs and shock absorbers are used, power steering is electric, front disc brakes on all wheels with discs with a diameter of 355 mm, rear - 365 mm, an electronic parking brake is available, air suspension is offered for a surcharge.

Tesla Model S is a rear-wheel drive electric vehicle (the most powerful version is all-wheel drive, with two electric motors), equipped with a lithium-ion battery, an asynchronous three-phase AC motor, a gearbox in the form of a single-stage gearbox, and is offered in three versions that differ in battery capacity.

• Tesla Model S 60 (60 kWh) power 380 hp, acceleration dynamics to 100 mph in 5.9 seconds, top speed 192 mph, cruising range 330 km.
• Tesla Model S 85 (85 kWh) output 380 hp, dynamics up to the first hundred in 5.4 seconds, maximum speed 224 mph, cruising range 425 km.
• Tesla Model S P85D (85 kWh DuaL Motor) generated power 691 hp, hurricane dynamics up to 100 km / h in 3.2 seconds, maximum speed 248 km (electronically limited), cruising range - 400 km.

To recharge an American electric car in Russian conditions, it is necessary to install a powerful 32-amp line with grounding (220V), the process takes several hours. The manufacturer gives 8 summer warranty on batteries, and the reliability of the operation of an electric car in winter conditions is eloquently indicated by the success of the model in one of the coldest countries in Europe, Norway.
The most interesting thing is that the American electric car is distinguished by phenomenal handling, high stability of behavior on high speeds, perfectly obeys the steering wheel. Well, we reported a little higher about the impressive dynamic and speed characteristics. A dream, not a car, especially against the background of their electric counterparts. That's just the price goes off scale, but you can really save on fuel. 20-23 kWh of electric fuel is needed per 100 km, which is 63-72 rubles in monetary terms, and if you refuel exclusively at night, it is much cheaper.

“Tesla Model S” is a 5-door electric vehicle manufactured by the American company Tesla Motors. For the first time this car was brought to the attention of the public as a prototype, in 2009, in Frankfurt. And full deliveries started in 2012, in June.

"Heart" of the car

The Tesla Model S is by far the most powerful electric vehicle in existence. No competitors are able to compete with this machine in terms of their technical characteristics. The heart of the machine is a lithium-ion battery. Its capacity is 85 kWh. This is enough for 426 kilometers without recharging. No electric vehicle today is capable of delivering such power.

In general, at first, the developers and manufacturers planned to start producing models whose batteries would have a capacity of 60 kWh. This would be enough for a much smaller number of kilometers (namely, 335 km). There was also an idea to produce a 40 kWh battery. This would be enough for 260 kilometers. But as a result, everyone abandoned it. The base car "Tesla Model S" uses the so-called liquid-cooled AC engine, whose power is 362 hp. With.

Start of production

The company started small - it was decided to release only one thousand sedans at first. It was limited edition, but with 85 kWh batteries. Two versions were available - Signature and Signature Performance. The cost of these cars was $95,400 and $105,400 respectively. In Russia, "Tesla Model S" was sold at a price of 4.5 million rubles (at the old rate). To date, the most expensive option is the version that reaches “hundreds” in 4.4 seconds. The year before last, in 2014, such a car as the “Tesla Model S P85D” was released. She reached 100 km / h in just over three seconds.

Modernization and changes

In 2013, the concern demonstrated to the public the possibility of recharging a car in an interesting way. It consisted of automatic battery replacement. During the demonstration, this procedure was shown to take approximately one and a half minutes in total. And this, I must say, is twice as fast as filling up a full bank of a car with a gasoline engine installed under the hood. According to the president of the company (Elon Max), slow recharging (twenty minutes is enough to raise the level of available energy to 50%) will remain free. But only at gas stations of the company. A quick replacement will cost about $60-80. This amount is approximately and equal to the price that many motorists pay for a full bank of fuel.

Statistics say that in the first quarter of 2013, about 4,750 copies of this model were sold in the United States of America. So, this car became the best-selling and famous luxury sedan. Even more popular than the BMW 7 Series, which is impressive.

In Europe, "Tesla Model S" is also in high demand. In Norway, 322 units were sold in the first 14 days (which outstripped the Volkswagen Golf). And in total, by the end of the first quarter of the year before last, 2014, about 32,000 such cars were sold worldwide.

Appearance

About the exterior just needs to be told separately. “Tesla Model S” receives extremely positive reviews - and not only because of its practicality, but also because of its appearance. All car owners assure - it's real exclusive car. It is almost five meters long (4978 mm, to be more precise), and 2189 mm wide. The height is 1435 mm, and wheelbase- impressive 2959 mm. Ground clearance is also pleasing - 145 mm.

In the image of this car, a sporty character is clearly traced. The main highlight of this car lies in smooth lines, soft and elegant outlines, as well as in very non-standard solutions. Narrow optics and an oval-shaped false radiator grille give the image a special sophistication. The bumper with a compact air intake and elegant foglights also looks interesting. The hood is decorated with beautiful embossed ribs. Also, retractable door handles and an unusual shape of the doors give a special charm to the exterior.

The back also looks original. Immediately catches the eye compact dimensions marker lights and powerful fenders with a large bumper. And as additional option potential buyers can be offered a rear spoiler made of carbon fiber, a panoramic top (by the way, made of glass) and LED fog lights.

Interior

"Tesla" - a car (model S), which is designed for five people. True, in the version of the last year, seats for children are still available (they are mounted in the rear cargo compartment). By the way, the car boasts two trunks. In front - a compartment for 150 liters, and in the back - for 750 liters. And if you fold rear seats, then you get 1800 liters.

But now about the interior, which Tesla can be proud of. The car (Model S) has a striking feature - and it's just an incredible size 17-inch (!) Color touch screen. The specialists managed to place it on the center console. Through this multimedia system, you can control different systems cars: adjust the operation of the air conditioning system, answer calls, set up music, etc. And the screen also displays an image from GPS and a rear view camera.

The instrument panel is another highlight that this car can surprise with. “Tesla Model S” has an unusual digital panel, to which everyone is already accustomed, but a large tablet. Its specialists very successfully built it into an electric car.

Comfort

I must admit that the cabin is very spacious. The backs of the seats are distinguished by an anatomical profile and high-quality lateral support. The developers also successfully selected the sizes of the pillows, due to which every passenger will feel comfortable inside the car.

“Tesla Model S”, the technical indicators of which will be discussed in more detail a little later, has a very rich basic equipment. Firstly, these are seats with electrical adjustments, heated and with memory (set parameters are saved). Secondly, the power tailgate. Thirdly - the system of access inside without a key. Also cruise control and power windows, dual-zone climate climate control, rear-view mirrors that fold automatically and are electrically heated - all this is inside, in addition to the above. The car also has a powerful audio system with seven speakers, eight airbags, ABS system, ESC and TCS. And of course, finishing. Only high-quality leather and natural wood were used as materials.

Characteristics

On the demonstration version of the car, a 416-horsepower engine was installed, and the base model was equipped with a 362-horsepower unit. With. (270 kW). It has already been said about the charge, overclocking and consumption, and now about what other indicators Tesla Model S can boast of. The technical characteristics are impressive - after all, two years after the release of the basic version, an all-wheel drive appeared. But the most impressive thing is not this, but the presence of the autopilot function. This car is also smart! Since the end of the year before last, 2014, all cars began to be equipped with a mini-camera and ultrasonic sensors in the bumpers. Thanks to this innovation, the machine itself recognizes markings, road signs, obstacles and other road users. And of course, the autopilot function, which is built into all models manufactured after October 9, 2014.

Controllability

This topic is also worth touching on when talking about a car like the Tesla Model S. Its characteristics in this regard are impressive. To begin with, I would like to note that the maximum speed is 200 km / h. The car is easy to control even at such a considerable speed. Smooth running is ensured - this is what the Tesla Model S car is good for. The review, or rather, numerous reviews and test drives made it clear that all the shortcomings regarding the chassis have been corrected. The previous "Tesla" car rode on the road like a skateboard - it was very sensitive to rough roads. But now everything is different. Even with bad roads, the car copes, and it reacts normally to sharp turns of the steering wheel.

Many claim that this model is the future of electric cars. Of course, people who are accustomed to often travel long distances, this machine won't fit. For such motorists, a reserve of more than 400 kilometers may not be enough. But for people who move around the city, from work to home, shopping or to the suburbs, this car will be just the perfect option, and also economical. Especially for Americans, because, as mentioned earlier, you can refuel at Tesla bus stations for free. No wonder this model has become so popular there.

“Tesla Model S” in Russia - is it really possible to buy?

Everything is possible in this life. And buy an "S-model" in Russian Federation- Same. Why not? Because officially these cars are not sold in our country? Yes it is. Not officially sold. But only in Moscow at the end of August 2014, about 80 Tesla cars of this version were registered. So the models are still delivered to Russia. In the same year, approximately 180 copies were brought to the Russian Federation. But these cars are worth a lot. Starting at $111,500 and ending at $152,400. A considerable cost for an electric car, considering that they cost $75-105 thousand in their homeland. However, as you can already understand, this machine has a lot of advantages. It is not surprising that the Russians manage to become its happy owners.

05May

Tesla car and everything about it

Tesla Electric Vehicles are eco-friendly electric vehicles with exemplary performance. These cars travel up to 500 kilometers on a single charge and show good dynamics in acceleration.

Tesla electric cars Elon Musk

The founder and CEO of Tesla and SpaceX is one of the biggest contributors to human progress and space exploration.

Elon (Elon) Reeve Musk(Eng. Elon Reeve Musk) - Canadian-American engineer, entrepreneur, inventor, investor. Elon Musk is the founder of Paypal, SpaceX, Tesla, and also a board member of SolarCity, founded by his cousins.

How an electric car works

An electric vehicle is a vehicle driven by one or more electric motors. Externally, electric cars look exactly the same as gasoline ones.

The only thing that gives out an electric car during its movement is the almost complete absence of sound when the engine is running. But although gasoline and electric cars are very similar in appearance, they differ significantly in the principle of their work.
Under the hood of an electric car, instead of a gasoline engine, an electric motor is installed, which is powered by batteries. Batteries perform the function fuel tank» and provide
an electric motor is the energy needed to move the vehicle. The electric vehicle is also equipped with a controller - an electric motor control unit that regulates the currents in the network between the batteries and the engine.

All other components in an electric car are practically the same as in a gasoline car: gearbox, brakes, airbags, etc.

Electric cars began to fill the streets of New York en masse 100 years ago. But why are they still not popular all over the world? The answer is simple - at that time there were not enough powerful batteries. With the development of technology, high-capacity batteries have appeared, and for a long time.

Decades ago, at various exhibitions and in news stories, prototypes of electric cars began to catch the eye, which were quite efficient and practical. Each of these new products had something unique and innovative, some manufacturers even put them into mass production and set an affordable price for buyers. But why are cars with gasoline engines still the main means of transportation?

That's because at that time there was no electric car that could make a revolution. All electric cars were praised in narrow circles of geeks, but did not find recognition among ordinary people.

There were family models that could save money, but there was no supercar, the notebook on the cover that would have been swept off the shelves by schoolchildren and that boys dreamed of from an early age. In the world of electric cars, there was no iPhone and no Steve Jobs to develop it. There was no electric car with “wow!” effect.

Start

Now such a revolutionary car exists. Meet the Tesla Model S. This full-size five-door luxury liftback has been changing the world for the better since 2012. The ideological father of the project is the American engineer and entrepreneur Elon Musk, who in 2009 presented the Model S prototype to the world at the Frankfurt Motor Show.

Today, few people remember how many problems preceded this presentation, Tesla Motors was even on the verge of bankruptcy. However, Musk believed in the idea serial electric vehicle to the end, invested all his savings and was able to find investors. And later his efforts paid off: the first limited edition of 1,000 copies worth about $100,000 each sold like hot cakes!

Such a fantastic success is not surprising, since until now Tesla remains an electric car with largest stock mileage without recharging, accelerates to 100 km / h in, for a minute, 2.8 seconds !!! (meaning the top version of the Modes S P85D with Ludicrous mode), and also has the title of the safest vehicle on the roads in the USA.

Reality surpassed all expectations. For the first time in 10 years of existence, Tesla Motors has made a profit, paid off all debts and increased the production of Model S. By this time, about 50,000 of these electric cars drive around the world.

Mass-dimensional characteristics of Tesla Model S 2013 / Tesla Model S 2016

• Weight: 2108 kg
• Length: 4976 mm
• Width (including side mirrors): 1963 mm
• Height: 1435 mm
• Wheelbase: 2959 mm
• Ground clearance: 154.9 mm
• Trunk volume: 900 liters

Tesla Model S Battery and Specifications

This electric car is equipped with a modern lithium-ion battery with a capacity of 85 kW⋅ h or 60 kW⋅ h(depending on configuration) . This battery is enough to cover a distance equal to 426 km And 335 km respectively!!! This indicator easily competes with others petrol cars segment S. The battery consists of 16 blocks and is located along the bottom of the car, which further increases torsional rigidity and safety. Thus, this arrangement of the battery allows you to lower the center of gravity of the car up to 45 cm.

• Battery type: lithium-ion
• Battery capacity: 85 / 60 kWh*
• power reserve up to full charge: 426 / 335 km*
• Resource: 7 years or 160 thousand km
• Battery dimensions: Length - 2.1 m, Width - 1.2 m, Height - 15 cm
• Battery weight: ~450 kg
• Charging time from a household AC 110V network: 8 km of the path is replenished in 1 hour
• Charging time from a household AC 220V network: 50 km of travel is replenished in 1 hour
• Full charge time at the station Tesla Supercharger: 30 minutes and free

Tesla Model S engine and transmission

The electric vehicle has an asynchronous three-phase electric motor alternating current. Engine is own development Tesla Motors and has no analogues. The electric motor is mounted on the rear axle of the vehicle. Power Tesla engine Model S in maximum configuration- 416 l. with., maximum (constant) torque - 600 Nm. The electric motor is cooled by a liquid cooling system.

In addition, a modern electric car has a reliable transmission from Mercedes-Benz, which sets the car in motion using a single-stage gearbox (one speed). Gear ratio of a reducer 9.73.

• Top speed: 209 / 201 / 193 km/h*
• Power: 416 / 362 / 302 HP With.
• Acceleration from 0 to 100 km/h: 4.4 / 5.4 / 5.9 sec*

Tesla Model S just soaked modern technologies, no exception and the chassis of the car. Air suspension is able to change the clearance of the car, it is enough to set the desired clearance and the car will rise or fall at the request of the owner. Due to the lowered center of gravity, the car feels confident even with a decent ground clearance "ala Tiguan".

The steering is rack and pinion and of course has an electric power steering. The on-board computer allows you to set the steering stiffness. There are several levels, ranging from sporty hard to comfortable "Mercedes" soft, very comfortable, agree?

Brake System Tesla Model S deserves special attention. Main brake system consists of ventilated brake discs and electronic system parking brake. But the main feature of this electric car is the regenerative braking system. With its help, the car is able to brake the engine and convert the energy received into electricity, thereby charging the car's battery. This is extremely useful and handy feature. To activate the regenerative braking system, the driver simply needs to gently release the gas pedal and the electric car will begin to slow down and convert the braking energy into useful energy.

How the Tesla electric car works

Under the hood, there is not everything that we are used to seeing in a car with an internal combustion engine. Here is the trunk instead.

Behind the same. The trunk is quite voluminous, if desired, you can install child seats facing the glass here.

According to the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the 85 kWh lithium-ion battery has a range of 426 km, giving the Model S the longest range of electric vehicles available on the market. Initially, Tesla planned to start production of cars with 60 kWh (335 km) and 40 kWh (260 km) batteries in 2013, but due to low demand, it was decided to abandon the 40 kWh model. The base Model S uses a liquid-cooled AC motor that produces 362 horsepower.

At the heart of the car battery (there are 16 blocks) there are about 7 thousand AA batteries laid with a special distribution of positive and negative contacts, which is kept secret.

Let's take a look inside the car. Instead of the usual instruments on the panel, there is an LCD monitor with all the necessary functional buttons and information about the working condition of the car.

how to charge tesla

The simple answer is easy and simple.

Simple math and basic electrical engineering, 8th grade high school.

Remember that power is expressed in kilowatts and is equal to the current strength in amperes multiplied by the voltage in volts.

And the capacity of the Tesla battery is either 60 kWh or 85 kWh, depending on the modification.

And we also remember that regular Charger operates in the range 100-240V 50-60Hz. There are no problems with Russian power grids.

The main thing is not to submit three phases 🙂 but an abstract name without an electrician fighter will not cope with this task, and stupid electrician fighters are extremely rare in nature, natural selection is everything.

The machines are manufactured at the Fremont plant in the USA. As you would expect from Elon Musk's company, Tesla plant is one of the most advanced automobile factories in the world. It is equipped with more than one hundred robots.

To build a new factory from scratch, Elon Musk decided to buy an old abandoned car factory NUMMI, which is located in Fremont, East San Francisco. From 1984 to 2010, this plant was used by Toyota and General Motors for the production of some of their car models. The plant was bought by Tesla for $42 million. dollars. The plant was first built in 1962. The total area of ​​the plant and adjacent territories is 153 hectares. The Tesla production line is equipped with more than 150 robots. However, robots do not do everything here. The plant employs several thousand people. Many parts of the car, such as the interior trim, can only be installed by hand so far.

Autopilot Tesla

Recently Released new firmware Tesla, the highlight of which was actually a full-fledged autopilot, now available to all owners of Model S and Model X. Then we captured on video the first inclusion of this function in Russia on the roads of a metropolis. Of course, we couldn't help telling you about it in detail - and we didn't find anything better than to test the autopilot in real "combat" conditions of live Moscow traffic.

The autopilot combines the image from the four cameras of the electric vehicle. At the same time, three of them demonstrate the objects of the surrounding world that the autopilot recognizes, and the fourth shows what the passenger sees in the car.

Objects that fall within the visibility of the autopilot cameras are highlighted different colors. So, the system sees road signs in purple, and pedestrians and cars in green.

Also, thanks to the system, the car slows down on its own, approaching the passenger, and parks.

Tesla car price Tesla model

How much does an electric car cost, let's look at the table below and find out the price of a Tesla car

Tesla electric car prices

Tesla truck Tesla Semi on electric traction

And here is another step into the future, electric vehicles are stepping forward and are already starting to conquer the cargo transportation market.

Tesla introduced its first electric truck, which was named Tesla Samy. The presentation took place on November 16 in the USA (November 17, Kyiv time). The novelty was traditionally represented by the founder and head of the company Elon Musk.

According to company representatives, the Tesla Semi resource will be a million kilometers. And this means that during its life cycle a truck will be able to drive around the globe 40 times.

But look below the photo of the Tesla Semi electric truck

For the first time that Tesla is developing a truck, it became known in the summer of 2016. Then the automaker published a "top secret plan", which announced the development of such a model.

The same document indicated that Tesla would also make a bus, a pickup truck and a compact crossover.

This spring, Musk announced that the debut of the truck is scheduled for September. Why the plans were revised is not specified.

Tesla plans to start selling Tesla Semi electric trucks to delivery firms in 2019. Now the company is testing and improving electric trucks. As part of the testing, the company will continue to use electric trucks to deliver its own cargo.

Batteries are currently Tesla Model 3 assembled from 2170 cells, which replaced the previous generation of 18650 cells used in Tesla electric vehicles (Model S/X).

It should be noted that the volume of the cylinder grows exponentially with increasing radius, so even with a small increase in diameter (21 mm versus 18 mm) and length (70 mm versus 65 mm), the battery capacity becomes almost a third larger.

Next, we see how, after the battery is completely discharged, the demonstrator carefully opens it, cutting off the upper part. Under it is an insulator made of blue plastic, which prevents the internal contents of the battery, assembled in the form of a roll, from shorting against the case. There is a similar insulator at the opposite end of the element. After the aluminum case is cut, it can be seen that it has a thin layer of additional insulation on the inside. There are three small holes on the top of the battery to allow gas to escape when the cell is heated.

The extracted "roll" is a tightly rolled piece of thin copper plate (foil), about 80 cm long - this is the cathode (minus), and the anode (plus) is the same length of aluminum foil, they are separated by a dielectric plastic film. Both metals are coated with a graphite layer, which is impregnated with a lithium-nickel-cobalt-aluminum oxide electrolyte (LiNiCoAlO2), in which the electric charge is actually stored.

Thus, in comparison with the anode and cathode length of the 18650 cell (61 cm) used in the Tesla Model S, the 21700 cells received 30% more capacity.

American automotive Tesla was created in 2003 in Silicon Valley by Martin Eberhard, who worked on improving batteries. The company's investors are Elon Musk from PayPal and Larry Page and Sergey Brin from Google.

From the very beginning, Tesla set itself the task of developing an electric car not for a narrow group of consumers, but for all car lovers. Appearance concept electric car was created by designers from Lotus, so the similarity of its exterior with the Lotus Elise is understandable. Further collaboration between Tesla and Lotus led to a natural decision to build an electric car at the facilities of Lotus Cars.

Martin Eberhard had enough high-tech equipment employees in Silicon Valley, and car engineers had to be poached from Lotus.

Lotus management threatened to shut down the production of an electric car at its plant, and Eberhard had to look for automotive engineers elsewhere. By 2007, several electric roadsters had already been assembled, and they were shown to the stellar Californian public.

On the bride-to-be, one could only sign up for a Tesla Roadster, and it was not allowed to drive a few hundred meters. Even the famous actor and governor of California at that time, Arnold Schwarzenegger, was not given an electric car.

The estimated original price for the roadster was $100,000. Dynamic characteristics Tesla models were as good as a modern car using high-octane gasoline. Electric vehicle engine with a capacity of 250 hp brings the roadster to a speed of 100 km / h in 4 seconds without the roar of the engine. Without recharging, the Tesla roadster travels about 400 km. The body of the electric car is made of carbon fiber.

Tesla is the world leader in electric vehicles today. Tesla management is more than confident that the future belongs to electric cars due to the finite resources of hydrocarbons on the planet. Your first mass Tesla electric car The company releases the Model S in 2012 – according to the results of the beginning of 2013, almost 5 thousand of these cars were sold in the USA. Second serial Tesla model became the Model X crossover, rear doors which open like a "gull wing". In 2016, the American company begins production of the most affordable and compact new product - Model 3, which is designed to increase demand for electric vehicles against the backdrop of more expensive Model S and Model X. In 2017, the founder of the company, Elon Musk, presented a further development strategy for the company, according to which in the future production of commercial vehicles is planned.

It has become possible to buy a Tesla electric car in Ukraine and Russia today, especially if you have a sufficient amount of banknotes 🙂

How to register an electric car in Ukraine

According to Art. 31 of the Law of Ukraine "On Road Traffic", vehicles imported into the territory of Ukraine are subject to verification for compliance with applicable standards or must have a certificate issued by the authorized UNECE Secretariat - the Administrative Body for Certification of Road Vehicles. This certificate of conformity is checked by both the customs authorities and the State Traffic Inspectorate when registering a car. The rules for the import of vehicles into the territory of Ukraine are determined by the Cabinet of Ministers.

The rules for the state registration of vehicles, approved by the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of September 7, 1998 No. 1388, one of the documents confirming the eligibility of acquiring a vehicle and being the basis for its registration with the traffic police, determine the certificate of the customs authority on vehicle registration (cargo customs declaration - for legal entities).

Therefore, it will be possible to talk about registration with the State traffic inspectorate only after the mandatory in such cases customs clearance car. In other words, if “customs gives the go-ahead” for the import of an electric car into the territory of Ukraine and backs it up with relevant documents, then there will be no problems with its registration with the MREO GAI.

Registration of an electric car in Russia

amendments to the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation "On the state registration of motor vehicles and other types of self-propelled equipment on the territory of the Russian Federation”, according to which cars with electric motors now also need to be registered with the traffic police and issue an OSAGO policy on them.

It is reported by Rossiyskaya Gazeta. Under the new regulation, state registration required for all electric vehicles with an engine power exceeding 5.5 hp and a top speed exceeding 50 km/h.

In addition, the new amendments rigidly defined the procedure for issuing registration plates. Numbers should now only be issued on a first-come, first-served basis without legal or legal reservations. individuals individual series or combinations of characters. This means that now everyone who wants to get a “fashionable” number with a special combination of numbers or letters will have to wait until this series appears in the traffic police departments.

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It is not for nothing that Tesla Motors bears the name of the great inventor who gave us alternating current and electric motor. It was this enterprise of the greatest man of our time, Elon Musk, who was able to make the dream of many a reality - a mass-produced electric car. This is a complete replacement for a car with an engine that "eats" gasoline or diesel fuel. Moreover, this is not an easy car with mediocre characteristics, but a real sports car that has not only a high level of power, but also a decent power reserve - more than 400 kilometers!

For the first time, the car, or rather, its prototype, was presented in 2009 at the Frankfurt Motor Show. However, mass production began only 3 years later, and in 2012 the US population received unique opportunity purchase the first electric car off the assembly line.

Development of popularity

Incredibly, it took only one year to appreciate the extent of the popularity of the Tesla Model S. In the first three months alone, almost 5,000 copies were sold. generations and Mercedes-Benz class S are far behind. The sedan of this brand has moved all luxury cars.

The release of this machine is a real breakthrough modern automotive industry. Incredibly, Tesla is a car (price varies between 60-65 thousand euros), which ranks third in sales in Europe and first in Norway (partly due to a special program to support the car manufacturer). It was in this country that more than 300 copies were sold in the first week of sales. Such figures forced out the unshakable leader, taking him the second place. The difference in sales between these two brands was almost 100 units.

At the beginning of 2014, a rapid increase in the level of consumer demand was noticed both in America and in Europe. At this point, the company has sold over 30 thousand copies.

Due to the popularity of the electric car, another model was planned for 2016 - a crossover. We decided to take the Tesla fastback as a basis. The car, the price of which is still unknown, should make an even bigger splash than its predecessor.

Perfection in the details

Model S - a five-door hatchback, awarded the title of "most stylish car", according to the drivers.

Seats trimmed with expensive Italian leather, reminiscent of helicopter propeller blades, rims, headlights, evoking associations with Maserati - I must say, designer F. Holzhausen from Tesla did his best!

Oh yes, that's not all! Using an adjustable sunroof, you can change the intensity of the hit air flow to the salon. The Tesla car is equipped with a multimedia system, which is made according to the latest IT industry. Two displays nestled on the dashboard: the first is responsible for providing detailed information about the state various systems electric car while driving; the second screen (Full HD) is located in the center of the instrument panel and serves to control various electronic systems of the car. A real small computer running Ubuntu OS.

Here is just a small part of the list of options for the Tesla Model S:

• fully adjustable steering wheel and brake pedal;
• variable ground clearance;
• switching battery modes to increase power or save energy;
• a sunroof that allows you to change the intensity of the airflow;
• display with output of multimedia and navigation information;
• Wi-Fi, connection to cellular communication from the salon;
• dual zone climate control.

Obviously, the Tesla Model S is in step with the leaders of the German automotive industry.

Main characteristics

"Tesla" is a machine, the characteristics and equipment of which, one might say, did not let the manufacturer down. "Stuffing" in an electric car is worthy of increased attention. There are three types of batteries different capacity for the considered model. In Russia, the most common storage device with a capacity of 85 kilowatt / h, which provides the ability to move without recharging 420 kilometers.

And now the most incredible! Electric motor power - from 235 to 416 "horses"; the maximum speed is a decent 209 km / h for the most charged version. Such a road monster accelerates to hundreds in just 4.2 seconds.

The unique power recovery system allows the engine to be used as a generator during braking. Not bad for an immodest city car in terms of power and environmental friendliness.

Design features

The self-activating Tesla machine has a body made of high-strength aluminum, due to which its weight turned out to be less than expected - only about 2 tons. Almost half of the weight comes from the battery, but this is not surprising. By the way, it is located in the bottom area, making the center of gravity of the machine as low as possible. As a result, the car is surprisingly stable when cornering, even at high speeds. Charging is possible in three ways:

1. Ordinary outlet. Charging time approximately 15 hours.
2. Through a special It will take up to 8 hours.
3. A trip to a specialized electric filling station or Both methods will take the driver no more than 20-30 minutes. Fortunately, several hundred electric filling stations are going to be built in Moscow soon.

Pleasant bonuses from the manufacturer

1. The Tesla car is equipped with special door handles, retractable when the owner approaches.
2. Software update via Wi-Fi.
3. Setting the climate in the cabin through a mobile application.
4. adaptive suspension.
5. Emergency shutdown of the control system from the main battery in case of an accident, 8 airbags.
6. Advanced navigation system that notifies you of traffic jams.

Tesla cars in Russia

Unfortunately, in Russia this model not yet very popular, and there are reasons for this:

• lack of official representation of Tesla;
• lack of special electric stations;
• too high price.

However, there is hope that soon these nuances will be corrected, and our compatriots will be able to enjoy driving an electric car.

Summing up

Tesla Model S is a representative of a new generation of vehicles capable of the most soon change our perception of personal transport. It has already won the hearts of many drivers, providing them with uncompromising power and range. Let's hope we don't have to wait too long to open. dealer centers in our homeland, and the Tesla car will enter the lives of Russians for a long time.