"How to charge?"- this is probably the first question that arises in a person interested in electric vehicles. And in the conditions of Belarus - the question is doubly interesting. We will approach it on the example of the European Tesla Model S as the first decent electric car that is now on the market. We continue the promised cycle of publications.

Let's remember physics: volts, amperes and kilowatts

First, some basic information about electric current. If you did well in school and know how volts differ from amps and kilowatts, you can safely skip this information.

The battery capacity of a car is measured in kilowatt-hours, in our case the battery has a capacity of 85 kWh. This means that, theoretically, it can produce 85 kW of power for one hour or, respectively, 85 hours to produce 1 kW. To replenish the battery, you need to do the opposite - apply 85 kW to it for an hour, or apply 1 kW to it for 85 hours. Of course, in reality there are losses, and charging does not always go at the same speed, but the general idea is this.

A watt as a unit of power is a volt (voltage) multiplied by an ampere (current). To understand the difference between current and voltage, the water analogy is best. Voltage is, figuratively speaking, the pressure of water, and current strength is the diameter of the pipe. To pump the same volume of water (kilowatt-hours), you can, for example, pump water through a narrow pipe with a high head or a wide pipe with a low head.

If the pipe is wide and with high pressure, then the filling process is fast. Otherwise, slowly. For high voltage good conductor insulation is needed (thick pipe wall), for great strength current - sufficient cable cross-section (pipe thickness).

Now let's talk about sockets. A typical household euro socket has a nominal voltage of 220 V and a maximum current, usually 16 A or less. If we multiply the voltage by the current, or 220 V × 16 A, we get maximum power consumer at 3520 W, or about 3.5 kW.

Another common type of outlet is three-phase, with an interphase voltage of 380 V (the voltage of each phase is the same 220 V). It is less common in everyday life (electric stoves), but is ubiquitous in production, where powerful equipment is used. Most often, a three-phase socket has the same maximum current of 16 A, which, taking into account three phases, gives us 220 V × 16 A × 3 = 10.5 kW. This European-style socket has a red color and five contacts arranged in a circle. For convenience, we will call it a red rosette.

There are also single-phase sockets for 32 A ( of blue color), but they are extremely rare.

Since the electrical network uses alternating current, and the battery is charged with constant current, it must be "straightened" using charger. The same thing happens when you charge your laptop or mobile phone. Only in the case of Tesla charger the device is installed inside the vehicle. The Model S comes with one 11kW charger as standard, and you can optionally add a second charger for a total charging power of 22kW.

Also included with the machine is the so-called Mobile Connector, which is similar in shape to a charger, although in fact it is just smart connection cable. For the German market, two adapters are included: one for a regular Euro socket, the other for a three-phase red socket. And that's just what we need! In the case of the American Model S, you will receive a set of single-phase American sockets different power and the inability to charge from a three-phase outlet in principle! This is the main and very significant limitation of "American women".

Mobile Connector

The car itself, destined for Europe, houses the Mennekes Type 2 charging connector. Introduced in 2009, it was adopted as a single European standard for electric vehicles. Today it is used in Renault Zoe and BMW i3. The main advantage of Type 2 is the ability to work with both direct and alternating current, with a single or three-phase network. In addition, it is much safer than conventional plug-in connections, since the transfer of energy begins only after the plug is fully connected and the car and the cable “agree” among themselves on the type electric current and charging power. In the case of the American Model S, the car will have a connector of its own unique design, more compact, but not supporting three-phase current.

First charge - at the car wash!

Now that we have dealt with the cables and sockets, you can start charging. For the first time in Belarus, our car was charged at the Peugeot car wash. The employees were sympathetic to the electric car and allowed to use their three-phase red socket. As it turns out, powerful professional sinks high pressure use just this type.

Open the trunk, take out the Mobile Connector, plug it into a power outlet. The indicator lights up green - everything is ready for charging. On the opposite side of the cable there is a handle with a button and a Type 2 connector. We press the button in the handle, and in taillight With driver's side the door opens. We insert the connector, three LEDs in the headlight start blinking green - charging has started!

On the screen in the Tesla cabin, you can see the mains voltage of 230 V (in our case, phase) and the current strength. The car gradually begins to increase the current and at the same time monitors the voltage. If suddenly a voltage drop is detected with an increase in power or its fluctuation, the current strength will be limited. This is how network overload protection works.

In our case, the wiring was quite new, so the car quickly reached the maximum for of this type 16 A sockets and started charging at a power of 11 kW. About a quarter of the battery needed to be charged to a "full tank" and the estimated charge time was 2 hours. Not fast, to say the least. Nevertheless, while the car was put in order, it was possible to charge almost completely. Good for a start. A full charge from the red socket will take about 8 hours.

If the car is closed during charging, the Mobile Connector is blocked in the connector and all illumination is turned off so as not to attract too much attention.

After a trip around the city, it's time to check the charging speed in the garage from a regular outlet. And here came the bummer: the Mobile Connector blinked red four times, which is an indication of the lack of grounding. No "ground" - no charge. Very often, electricians are not serious about grounding, so you can find ungrounded or “zeroed” sockets everywhere. So the presence of a euro socket in the wall does not guarantee you the opportunity to recharge from it. Even if you are lucky and there is a ground, the charging speed will be four times slower than the red socket, since the maximum power in this case only 3 kW. A full charge will take over 33 hours!

If you want to charge at home faster than the red socket allows, you must optional equipment. One charger installed in the car, by default, allows you to charge at a power of 11 kW. The optional second one can be installed directly at the factory or added later, in which case the maximum charging power will be 22 kW. In addition, you will need to install the High Power Wall Connector (HPWC), which is almost a complete analogue of the Mobile Connector, only installed permanently and has a thicker cable.

If HPWC is the only alternative in America, in Europe you can buy a similar device with a Type 2 connector and the corresponding cable. But in the case of a cable from third party manufacturers you will not be able to open the charging hatch by pressing the button in the cable. You will have to open it from the central screen or from mobile phone through the application, which is not very convenient. Power of 22 kW will allow you to fully charge in 4 hours.

But perhaps the biggest problem with 22 kW charging is allocating the appropriate power. If you can't get 22 kW at the car parking lot, it doesn't make sense to order a second charger in the car and HPWC. For convenience in the garage, it is best to purchase a second Mobile Connector and use it as a stationary one, permanently connected to a power outlet. And carry the original with you in the trunk, just in case you need to recharge on the road. Most likely, on the way you will be charged from a regular (if you are lucky with grounding) or a red socket. Even if you suddenly find a Type 2 connector with a power of 22 kW at the Belarusian electric filling station of the future, then 4 hours is still too long for recharging during the day. In the case of charging at night, the difference of 4 or 8 hours does not matter.

Why cities don't need electric refueling

Now let's talk about electric stations. This is the most asked question to the owner of an electric car. Oddly enough, in the city, Tesla owners do not need electric stations in principle. The real power reserve is 300-350 km, in the worst case (when minus 20 Celsius and traffic jams) it drops to 200 km. In the evening you put the car on charge (just like a mobile phone), and in the morning you always " full tank» (if red outlet or HPWC). In the case of a conventional outlet, a “full tank” may not work, especially in winter. Therefore, the best electric refueling is a red outlet in your home.

Is it possible to operate a Tesla normally if you do not have a garage or parking space? Since the installation of the home red socket was delayed, and the euro socket in the garage did not have grounding, we drove the first thousand kilometers in the "parking near the house" mode. Thanks to the kind people at the Peugeot car wash, at Atlant-M Britannia and DAF Trucks, we used their red sockets every few days. In all cases, there were no problems, with the exception of two points - you have to wait a long time for charging to complete and wipe the cable from dust and dirt before putting it back in the trunk. Night charging is much more pleasant: you sleep - the car is charging. During the day it is very inconvenient.

The Model S can be charged at any time without having to wait until it is completely empty. The battery has no memory effect, will not recharge if you leave it plugged in for for a long time. The manufacturer generally recommends leaving it connected all the time until you drive. This is especially important in winter severe frost. You can remotely turn on the climate control and warm up both the interior and the car battery from the mains. Another handy feature is the automatic marking on the map of all the places where you have ever charged. Thus, after some time, own card"electric stations".

Is it possible to "reset the extension cord" from the apartment? Theoretically yes, practically no. Firstly, it will be unsafe in rain or snow, and secondly, charging from a regular outlet takes a catastrophically long time. Therefore, in order to use an electric car normally, installing a three-phase red socket near a permanent parking place at work or at home is priority which should be taken care of in advance.

To install a three-phase socket at home, you, in a good way, will need to make a project, go through the stages of approvals, mount sockets, lay cables and, it is possible, install an additional electricity meter. All this can be undertaken by a specialized organization that deals with electrics. In each case, the timing, cost, availability will vary electrical power. Therefore, before thinking about buying an electric car, you definitely need to understand for yourself how you will solve the issue of charging.

But what about the electric refueling on the A-100, you ask? After all, the slogan on a huge poster reads “Electric cars refuel here”, and on a special pedestal, like a monument, stands a lonely nissan leaf. As it turned out from a conversation with the gas station staff, they have no idea how it works: “The bosses are playing this electric car, and we don’t know anything.”

On the second attempt, with a request to clarify the situation, the employee went to his superiors, who did not even deign to leave the office and look at the first living customer of an electric refueling station in the country. "It is for official use», - said, as she cut off, the lady at the cash desk after a visit to the authorities.

We approached Nissan and found out that the “subcompact car” is charged by “slow” charging through the old Type 1 connector. In any case, without dancing with adapters that are not there, Model S will not be able to charge there, and it will take too much time. Thus, "electric refueling" on the "A-100" is simply not a completely correct marketing ploy.

If in the city Tesla is almost ideal for everyday driving, then long journeys on an electric car in the conditions of Eastern Europe today represent big problem. You can still go to Vilnius by agreeing there with the owner of the red socket for the night, but to Moscow - no longer. This requires a network of fast chargers that would be on the tracks.

Main difference fast charging from slow in that it immediately delivers D.C. high power directly to the battery, bypassing the charger built into the car. in the USA and Europe Tesla develops its own network of electric charging stations, which are called Supercharger. Depending on the version, they charge with direct current with a voltage of 400 V and a power of 90 to 135 kW. Moreover, stations with a capacity of 150 kW will be launched in the summer. For Tesla Model S owners, the use of these chargers is unlimited and free of charge. This charge allows you to replenish half the battery in 20 minutes.

It will take more time to fully charge the battery, because when charging after 80% of full capacity, the battery starts to heat up more and the power must be reduced. The company has very ambitious plans to develop the Supercharger network in Western Europe and the US. As for Eastern Europe, no specific information has yet been announced.

Existing network of Supercharger stations in North America

Network development plans in North America by 2015

Existing network of Supercharger stations in Europe

Network development plans by 2015 in Europe

The second, universal, fast charging option is the Chademo network. The idea is the same, but not free and with a maximum power of 50 kW. For Model S, there is a special adapter that allows you to charge from these stations. Chademo connector has enough big size and nowhere near as comfortable as the Type 2.

Stumbled upon Adventure. I checked it with a search for Aftershock - it didn’t seem to exist yet. So

Company Tesla Motors starts charging for recharging its electric vehicles at Supercharger network stations.

So far the owners Tesla electric vehicles could recharge their car using the Supercharger installation for free. However, at the end of last year it became known that the future owners of the company's electric cars will have to pay for energy consumption. And now Tesla Motors has revealed its pricing policy.

So, it is reported that paid recharging is being introduced for Tesla Model S and Model X buyers who placed an order after January 15 this year. They will be able to receive 400 kWh of energy annually free of charge, which is enough to cover a distance of about 1,000 miles (about 1,600 km). After that, recharging will be paid.

In North America, the price is set separately for each state or each province, in other regions - separately for each country.

In most cases, the cost is indicated for one kWh. So, in California the price is $0.20 per kWh, and in Florida - $0.13 per kWh. But in some regions, the cost is calculated depending on the time of recharging. More details from pricing policy can be consulted.

It is noted that all funds received from the owners of electric vehicles for the consumed energy will be directed to the further development of the Supercharger network. By the way, today there are about 800 stations. Tesla charging, hosting a total of almost 5,100 Supercharger installations.

Tesla Model S is the dream of any hipster or geek... but have they ever wondered how to charge this gadget?

Yeah, the flyers talk about the stations Tesla Supercharger, which allow you to accumulate energy in 30 minutes, which is enough for 270 kilometers.
And yes, they don't cheat. But they do not say that in the basic configuration this type of charge is available only for a more expensive modification with a battery capacity of 85 kWh, for a simpler modification (60 kWh) you will have to pay €1700 for the Supercharger option at the order stage, or €2100 for vehicle that is already in use. For the "youngest model" with battery 40 kWh Supercharger option is not available.

Of course, the P85 and P85D configurations are the most interesting, and the Supercharger option is enabled in them, so we will use it ... for this we will have to go to Austria, and the Model S P85 will not reach there without recharging.

Or wait until the end of 2016 when Tesla stations Supercharger will appear in Lviv and Zhytomyr. At least that's what it says on the Tesla Motors website.

The idea of ​​going to Zhytomyr to refuel, of course, will appeal to hipsters :)

Well, why immediately tune in to the negative. The car can be recharged at home or at work. This option is also possible, and the charger is installed in each car, and the Mobile Connector is included, which allows you to connect to a regular outlet. And for a surcharge of € 1200, you can install Dual Charger, which allows you to charge the battery twice as fast.

Without the Dual Charger option, the car can accumulate a charge sufficient for 55 kilometers in an hour, and up to 110 kilometers with the option. Wonderful!

But what is the consumption? 11 kW and 22 kW respectively. Re-read again. Yes, twice. And now let's remember that when designing electrical networks, the allocated power of 10 kW per apartment in a house equipped with electric stoves is considered the norm. Yes, in principle, we can also consume 11 kW ... But if we want to turn on the boiler (hello, hot water!), air conditioning, or cook dinner on an electric stove or in the oven? And imagine “elite housing”, under the windows of every second apartment of which Tesla S is parked?

In the case of a single-phase socket, Tesla Motors recommends installing a special socket no further than 4.5 meters from the charging socket on the car, the wiring to this socket must be made with a copper wire with a cross section of at least 6 sq. mm and must be connected to a separate "automatic device" rated at 32A. Are you sure that you can provide such conditions at home?

Of course, this is not necessary, ordinary socket' will also do.

From standard sockets Model S will consume 3 kW, which means ... which means it will charge slowly. How slow? Well, in theory, a fully depleted P85D battery will be fully charged in more than a day. And with the charge mode "every night" (9 hours), the daily range will not exceed 125 kilometers.

And if it's winter, and you will turn on the interior heating? Or air conditioning in the summer? And if you want to sleep at night with the heater or air conditioner on at home?

In fact, 100 km a day is enough for most city dwellers, but I'm skeptical. First of all, due to the lack of infrastructure. And by the word “infrastructure”, I don’t mean Tesla Supercharger stations, but the ability to get enough allocated power from the energy company for comfortable operation of an electric car.

All these considerations are very subjective, after reading the recommendation to change the wiring in the garage to AWG6 (which is 13.3 sq. mm) for American users.

270 KM OF RANGE IN AS LITTLE AS 30 MINUTES. The Tesla Supercharger recharges Model S quickly. Super fast. Superchargers are for refueling quickly on road trips. A Supercharger can charge about half the battery in 20 minutes.
Hereinafter, official prices for Europe are given.
In case of single phase input.

Yuri Novostavsky
boring guy

The first question that arises for a person who is interested in electric vehicles is: “How to charge them?”. Tesla Model S is considered the first among them, which is worthy of respect. The answer will be based on it.

The original article and photos were taken from auto.onliner.by

Everyone knows physics within the school curriculum, which means they remember what it is: an ammeter, a voltmeter and kilowatts.

The battery capacity used in electric vehicles is measured in kilowatt-hours. For the model under consideration, this value is 85 kW / h. This means that the battery can theoretically deliver 85 kW per hour or one kilowatt for 85 hours. This is assuming there are no losses. In reality, of course, they are available, since the charging speed is not always the same.

Power, i.e. A watt is voltage (volts) times current (amps). To better understand the difference between voltage and current, we can draw an analogy with water. The current strength can be compared with the diameter of the pipe from which water flows under pressure (voltage). When pumping water through a narrow pipe, but under high pressure, as well as when pumping it through a wide pipe, but under low pressure, you can pump the same volume of this liquid (kilowatt-hour). Only in the second case, the filling process will be quick, and in the first case it will be longer. Continuing to compare further, we find that in order for high voltage, reliable insulation is necessary (in the case of water, a thick pipe wall), and for large size current strength - cross section (pipe diameter).

The most common household euro sockets have the following parameters: current strength -16A or less, and voltage - 220V. If we multiply these two values, we get the maximum power equal to 3520W, or almost 3.5 kW.

No less common in production (less often in everyday life) are three-phase sockets. They have the same 220 watts in each phase, giving a phase to phase voltage of 380V. Their current strength, as a rule, is also equal to 16A. Multiplying these three values ​​​​(taking into account the three phases) we get a power of 10.5 kW (220x16x3). Such an outlet in European version has five located in a circle of contacts. Its color is red, which is why it is often called the “red rosette”.

There are also “blue sockets” - single-phase (32A), but they are practically never found in our country.

Another nuance: the battery is charged with a constant current, and an alternating current flows in the network, so it needs to be “straightened”. For this, a charger is used, just as when charging a mobile phone or laptop, a digital camera, etc. The only difference is that this device is installed for charging inside an electric car.

For the Model S model of the basic configuration, it is one, and its power is 11 kW. At the request of the client, the second one is also installed. In this case, the power is doubled. In addition, the car kit includes a Mobile Connector, which resembles a charger in shape, but is actually a “smart” connecting cable.

For the German market, two adapters are provided, which are also included in the kit. One of them allows you to charge an electric car from a regular outlet, the other from a “red” one. For American customers, there is a set of single-phase sockets of various capacities included. For "American women" the main limitation is the inability to charge the car from a three-phase outlet.

Mobile Connector

For cars delivered to Europe, a single standard was adopted in 2009, according to which electric vehicles must have a Mennekes Type 2 connector for charging. Today it is used in the BMW i3, Renault Zoe, and now in the Model S. Its advantage is that it can work with current, both alternating and direct, with a single- and three-phase network. It is also much safer than traditional connections, since energy transfer can only begin after it is fully connected to the car and an “arrangement has been reached” between the latter and the cable about the type of electric current and the required charging power. In a vehicle designed for American market, a more compact unique connector of its own design will be installed, but it does not allow the use of three-phase current.

First charge - at the car wash!

Having learned all about sockets and cables, you can proceed to the actual charging. The first refueling can be done (at least in Belarus) right at the Peugeot car wash, where there is a “red socket” and understanding of employees.

To do this, the Mobile Connector is inserted into the socket, then the indicator lights up green. At the opposite end of the cable there is a handle with a button, as well as a Type 2 connector. We press this button so that the door on the driver's side in the taillight opens automatically, where the connector is connected. We insert it - charging has begun, as evidenced by three blinking LEDs in the headlight. In the cabin, on the monitor, you can get information about the current strength (230V in our case). Protection will monitor the network overload: if there is a voltage drop with an increase in power, or if it fluctuates, then the current strength will be automatically limited.

For new wiring, the time to reach 16A is short. Having reached them, battery charging starts at a power of 11 kW. It takes two hours to charge the battery by ¼. It takes 8 hours to fully charge from this socket.

The illumination is turned off if the car is closed during charging, due to the fact that the Mobile Connector is blocked in the connector. Very good when you do not need to attract attention.

Carrying out tests on the car, after a trip around the city, they checked the charging speed. We did this in the garage using a regular (household) outlet. Mobile Connector suddenly blinked red. And this indicates the absence of grounding, without which there will be no charging. By the way, we have this important factor electricians are not serious, so more often household sockets are “zeroed”, which does not allow charging an electric car. But, even if the outlet is “ok”, the charging time from it is much longer than from the “red” outlet, since its maximum power is only 3 kW. For more than thirty hours, the car will not be able to be useful, because that is how long it will take to fully charge it.

As mentioned, one charger is installed in the car, but if you install the second directly at the factory, then you can double the maximum charge power, i.e. up to 22 kW. Additionally, you will need to install a High Power Wall Connector device, similar to the stationary Mobile Connector.

HPWC is the only alternative for Americans, while Europe has another one with a matching cable and Type 2 connector. Unfortunately, a third-party cable does not allow opening in automatic mode charging hatch, and you will have to open it using a mobile and corresponding application or from the central monitor. But there is an opportunity to charge within four hours.

Indeed, the problem is rather the allocation of appropriate power when charging at 22 kW. If there is no opportunity to get 22kW at the parking lot, then there is no point in installing a second charger. It is recommended to purchase a second Mobile Connector in order to use it as a stationary one in the garage

Are electric stations needed in cities?

All experts agree that Tesla owners You don't need gas stations in the city. Why? Yes, everything is simple: the power reserve of the car is about 350 km (even at minus twenty, this is at least 200 km), i.e. more than enough for a day's run. And at night, the car is put on charge in its own garage (just like we do it with mobile phones). In the morning he has a "full tank" and is ready to go. It is desirable, of course, to have a “red” socket at home, so that even in winter period be guaranteed to be fully charged.

If there is no garage or there is still no “red” socket at home, or there is no grounding in the euro socket, you can drive a thousand kilometers in the “parking near the house” mode using the “handy” “red sockets” (at a car wash, in services, etc. .). But, every time after refueling, you will have to clean it from dirt and dust before putting the cable in the trunk. But even more unpleasant is a long idle time waiting for the battery to “fill up”. Of course, you can not fully charge the Model S, since the battery does not have a memory effect. But, it will not recharge if it remains connected to the outlet for a long time. According to the manufacturer's recommendations, it should be kept on charge when not being driven, which is especially important in cold weather. This will allow you to warm up the battery, like the interior of the car, by turning on the climate control remotely. Another plus of this recommendation is that over time, the driver gets his own map of impromptu “electric filling stations”, since all the places where the car has ever been refueled are automatically marked on the map.

Another question often worries drivers: “Is it possible to “drop” an extension cord from an apartment?”. Answer: No! It is very dangerous in bad weather, firstly. Secondly, it will be catastrophically long. Therefore, in place permanent parking installing a three-phase outlet is the first necessity. And it's better to take care of it in advance.

To do this, you need a project that needs to be coordinated with the relevant authorities, after which you can start laying the cable (possibly installing an additional electric meter). You can entrust the work to the relevant organizations. But the electric car is worth it, and when you, having become its owner, feel all the delights of innovative transport, you will understand that all the preparatory difficulties were worth it.

Well, the bigger signs on the A-100, calling for refueling electric vehicles here, are only the whims of the owners of the gas station. The staff has no idea how to use it, it turned out in a conversation with employees.

An attempt to contact the authorities, during testing, ended with the phrase that it was intended "for official use!".

Therefore, one can only talk about the A-100 gas station as an incorrect marketing move. But only!

Perfect option– if refueling for everyday driving there is in the city. But for long-distance travel Eastern Europe this is big problem to date. You can still get to Vilnius if you agree with the owners of the “red” outlet about refueling at night. It is impossible to get to Moscow due to the lack of a network of gas stations on the highway. In Europe and the USA, these are easier. It has its own network, called Supercharger, where Tesla can be charged, depending on the version, with a direct current of 90-135 kV and a voltage of 400 V. Stations with a capacity of 150 kW will soon be launched there. Tesla drivers can use them for free and without restrictions. A full charge is carried out on them within twenty minutes.

The company's ambitious plans include further development of the Supercharger in these countries, but no information has yet been announced regarding Eastern Europe.

North America: Existing Supercharger network

Gas station construction planned for 2015 in North America

Europe: Supercharger stations

By 2015, plans to develop a network of gas stations in Europe

Another versatile option is the Chademo network - same idea, but not free. With the help of a special conductor, Tesla is refueled, but at a maximum power of 50 kW. Disadvantage: large connector size, which is less convenient than Type.

For Europe the best option there would be the development of stations that allow you to charge the car through the Type 2 connector using direct current. But, there are no such solutions from third-party organizations yet.

How much does a full charge cost?

The tests carried out indicate that 250 W/h is consumed per kilometer, i.e. 25 kW/h per hundred kilometers. But, keep in mind that the efficiency of the charger is not 100%, and the battery is normal mode"filled" only 90% to be able to use reproductive inhibition and also extend battery life.

It turns out. That in order to charge an 85 kW / h Tesla battery, you need 100 kW / h and 90 kW / h if it is filled by 90%. Considering real stock travel - 300 km, we have 30 kV / h for every hundred kilometers.

At the electricity tariff for ordinary individuals, but taking into account that it will be more than 150 kW (i.e. 917 rubles), we get: in rubles for every hundred kilometers traveled it will cost 27,510 rubles. But, at the same time, you are driving a car with 412 hp under the hood, and acceleration to one hundred kilometers takes 4.4 seconds!

It is also very convenient that you can track the status of the car, control its central lock, know the location, use the climate control system and, most importantly, control the charging progress, using a mobile android apps and iOS.

In summary, here are some things to remember:

• For charging from a conventional euro socket, which lasts a day, grounding is necessary.
• For comfortable operation in the parking lot and in the garage, you need a “red2” socket, from which you can fully charge in eight hours.
• When choosing between buying a second charger and Mobile Connector, the second option would be preferable, which can be used as a stationary one.
• Very inconvenient to use Tesla if not permanent place with electrical outlet.
• It is extremely difficult to travel long distances along routes that are not equipped with special gas stations.
• American Model S cannot be charged from a three-phase socket.
• At least three dollars must be paid for the electricity required to cover a hundred kilometers.

Despite all the difficulties so far, an electric car is worth it to buy, because it gives you an unprecedented driving experience!

Tesla cars are only gaining their popularity in Russia when in the USA vehicle found almost as often as the "Zhiguli" in the CIS. The only thing that stops the popularization of electric cars in Russia is an insufficient amount stations for charging electric vehicles. Most gas stations are located within Moscow and St. Petersburg. Moving outside these cities, you can see that the number of gas stations is gradually decreasing, while in the US the number of stations for electric vehicles is almost equal to the number of conventional gas stations. In the article we will consider the lineup Tesla vehicles and the power reserve of these vehicles.

About company

Tesla is an American company that produces premium electric vehicles. Was founded in 2003. It is named after the famous physicist and electrical engineer Nikola Tesla. On this moment Elon Musk leads this company.

The company gained the greatest popularity after the release of the first generation Tesla Model S, which went on sale in 2012. The car had two modifications: one with a power of 60 kWh, the second - 85 kWh. The electric motor is located at the rear of the car. In 2015, a version with two engines per axle was introduced. After that, each car of the company is equipped with two engines. The Tesla S has a range of 442 to 502 kilometers.

In 2012, Tesla's Model S was awarded "Car of the Year" by the renowned Motor Trend magazine.

Technical features of model X

Specifications models depend on the configuration, which have this car three:

"Tesla" model X

Model X from Tesla is an SUV equipped with two electric motors. Most of the power is located in rear engine for technical reasons.

Externally, the car looks very futuristic, reminiscent of something extraterrestrial. Main Feature this model from the company "Tesla" are rear doors that open like the wings of a bird. This solution was applied by designers for more comfortable fit and disembarkation of second and third row passengers. It is also an advantage when parking, as it requires only 30 centimeters of free space on the sides of the car, which is significantly less than conventional vehicles.

Optionally, the buyer can purchase a five-, six- and seven-seater SUV. Also useful feature is the third row of seats, which is able to fold flush with the floor, which increases the volume luggage compartment three times.

Car prices start at $132,000 (8,683,000 rubles) for the base trim and $142,000 (9,339,000) for the top trim with an engine power of 772 horsepower. In this configuration maximum margin The Tesla X model travels 400 kilometers, which is 11 kilometers less than the 90D configuration.

Model X power reserve

Power reserve X depends on equipment. At minimum configuration this figure is 354 kilometers, and the maximum is 411 kilometers. The P90D version has a range of 400 kilometers, after which the car will need to be charged, which lasts from 4 to 12 hours depending on the current, charging method and plug.

Reviews about "Tesla" X

The main advantage is that the car does not pollute environment. car battery consists of many small 18650 batteries. Therefore, after a cell fails, you can find a damaged cell and replace it without buying a whole assembly of batteries.

Also an important advantage is aluminum body, which is not susceptible to corrosion and weighs less than steel. Appearance car resembles many serial crossovers, but still has its own characteristics, for example, rear wing doors.

A huge tablet with which you can control all the functions of the car, including navigation system, watching videos, movies, listening to tracks and much more.

Tesla's power reserve directly depends on the temperature overboard. This is considered a disadvantage, since the built-in lithium-ion batteries very demanding on temperature and weather conditions.

As for the seasons, it also has its own characteristics:

Technical features of the S model

The base model S uses liquid cooling. The car is equipped with an electric motor alternating current capacity 362 horsepower. The car accelerates to hundreds in 2.7 seconds, which is faster than many serial sedans premium.

This car is considered the quietest serial electric car. The top-end equipment costs 140 thousand dollars (9,200,000 rubles), the basic one costs half as much. The range of the top-end Tesla S is 507 kilometers, which is almost 100 kilometers more than the SUV of this company.

Model S: description

Externally, the Tesla Model S is a bit like " Ford Mondeo". This is where their similarity ends. The first thing owners notice petrol cars- the absence of a radiator grille, since it is simply not needed here. The front optics look very fresh, here it is fully LED, has the so-called cilia on the top and bottom of the headlight. The Tesla logo is located in a small opening between the bumper and the bonnet.

External door handles the same as in modern models"Lexus" and "Range Rover", namely, move forward when the car is unlocked from the key and retract when it is locked.

The roof of the car is panoramic, inside the cabin looks very attractive. Thanks to this, there is always enough light in the cabin. Since outwardly the car is not particularly remarkable, it is worth talking about its interior.

Inside the car looks quite minimalist, except for the large touch screen. He is at the same time on-board computer, and a multimedia center, and a navigation system.

The car became popular due to the introduction of not only lane keeping, but also full autopilot. To turn it on, there are special buttons on the steering wheel. But you can’t just break away from the steering wheel, since the car will require hands on the steering wheel once a minute, otherwise it will emergency stop and will not move until it switches from autopilot to manual control.

Since the car is fully electric, the presence of mechanical box gear is meaningless. Therefore, the car has a speedless gearbox. Gear shifting is not audible at all, as well as third-party noise, with the exception of the quietest hum of the electric motor.

This car will not go forever, so it needs to be charged. Many filling stations have at least one electric vehicle charging station that can fill up a car in a matter of hours.

Model S range

The range of the car in the basic configuration is 412 kilometers, in the top one, which is designated P100D - 507 kilometers. The charging time of this car will be the same hours as that of a Tesla SUV. The Tesla S battery assembly consists of 16 blocks, each of which must be replaced separately.

After testing the Tesla car, the Model S was named one of the most safe cars on the market, even considering the fact that it consists entirely of electrics. He received five stars from the "Euro NKAP" commission.