A modern car is festooned with external lights like a Christmas tree with toys. And all this must be skillfully used. Those who think that to include one or the other are mistaken. lighting fixtures or not include, it's all at the discretion of the driver. The nineteenth section of the Rules strictly regulates when and what needs to be included. To deal with all this, let's simulate a real trip.
So, we start moving during the day in clear weather.
Rules. Section 19. Clause 19.5. IN daylight hours days on all moving vehicles for the purpose of their identification should be includedlow beam or daytime running lights running lights.
The rules divide the day into the following parts:
- Daylight hours.
- Evening twilight.
- Night time.
— Morning twilight.
Movement during daylight hours with a transparent atmosphere is the most comfortable and safe. However, even during daylight hours, for various reasons, drivers may not see each other, and an accident occurs, as they say, “in broad daylight”.
In order to ensure b O For greater safety, the Rules oblige all drivers to mark their vehicle while driving ( not only at night, but also during the day!). At the same time, during the day, that is, during daylight hours, to designate your vehicle drivers are required to turn on either low beam headlights or daytime running lights (if any).
Daytime running lights are a novelty that has recently become increasingly popular, because they have noticeable advantages:
- Better recognizable.
– Automatically turn on when the engine is started and turn off when the engine is turned off.
- Differ in economy, high reliability and durability.
– Extend service life conventional system lighting.
The rules singled out daytime running lights as a separate term and gave them the following definition:
Rules. Section 1. “Daytime running lights” are external lighting devices designed to improve the visibility of a moving vehicle frontduring daylight hours.
Please note - daytime running lights indicate the vehicle only in front!
And during daylight hours, this is absolutely correct.
During the day, the vehicle ahead is clearly visible to you (without any additional lighting). And at the same time, you can easily, without particularly straining, continuously monitor events from behind, thanks to the fact that the car driving behind has daytime running lights on.
Or due to the fact that the headlights of the dipped beam are on at the rear.
Or due to the fact that the rider behind included fog lights.
Students. Excuse me, where are the fog lights? In paragraph 19.5 there are no fog lights! Paragraph 19.5 refers only to dipped-beam headlamps and daytime running lamps.
Teacher. Yes, you are absolutly right. Paragraph 19.5 does not really say anything about fog lights. But they are mentioned in paragraph 19.4.
instead of low beam headlights in accordance with clause 19.5 of the Rules.
Let's summarize:
During daylight hours, on all moving vehicles, for the purpose of their identification, the following must be included:
– or low beam headlights;
– or daytime running lights;
or fog lights.
Have you forgotten yet? We move during the day in clear weather. But there's a tunnel ahead!
In tunnels on a moving vehicle low or high beam headlights must be on.
It doesn’t matter at all whether the tunnel is short or long, whether there is artificial lighting there or not.
In all cases, when moving in a tunnel, drivers must turn on exactlylights near or far light.
And rightly so - in any tunnel, lighting is always not enough. And then artificial lighting is not the sun and can go out at any moment. And then daytime running lights or fog lights will not help you much. Here you will need headlights (dipped beam or high beam).
There is such a problem in Tickets, and here you are often mistaken:
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In a tunnel with artificial lighting, the following must be included: 1. low beam headlights or parking lights. 2. Low beam headlights or daytime running lights. 3. Low or high beam headlights. Task comment Some of you are beginning to doubt - is it possible to turn on high beam in the tunnel? I'll blind everyone!
Of course, if the traffic is dense (at least in the tunnel, at least not in the tunnel), drivers are required to switch to dipped beam.
But if there is no one to blind (at least in the tunnel, at least not in the tunnel), who will forbid you to turn on the high beam headlights. The rules meant exactly that. |
We left the tunnel, you can continue driving on the dipped headlights,
you can switch to fog lights, you can switch to daytime running lights.
But suddenly the sky was covered with black clouds, everything around darkened, and it began to rain.
Or, let's put it this way - there are no clouds, it's just evening, twilight, not yet night, but visibility has become insufficient .
Rules. Section 19. Clause 19.1. In conditions insufficient visibility regardless of road lighting on a moving vehicle must be switched on low or high beam headlights .
That is, the Rules do not make any difference between traffic in a tunnel and traffic in conditions of insufficient visibility. And, in general, it’s right - in both cases, the illumination is insufficient, and the requirement “dipped beam or high beam headlights must be turned on” is quite justified.
But, on the other hand, the conditions of insufficient visibility are not only a decrease in illumination, as, for example, at dusk. The conditions of insufficient visibility are also a temporary deterioration in the transparency of the atmosphere, as, for example, in fog - it is light, but nothing is visible! So, maybe it's time to turn on the fog lights and rear fog lights? Let's see what the Rules say about this:
Rules. Section 19. Clause 19.4. Fog lights can be used in conditions of insufficient visibility with near or high beam headlights .
Rules. Section 19. Clause 19.7. Rear fog lights can be applied only in low visibility conditions.
That is, in conditions of insufficient visibility, first of all, it is necessary to turn on the dipped or main beam headlights! If desired, fog lights can be added to them, and if necessary, you can also turn on the rear fog lights.
Here we have to make a small digression. Experience in a driving school tells me that not all students have a clear idea of which lights are located in front, which ones are in the back, how they work and, in general, how a headlight differs from a lantern.
The main purpose of headlights is to illuminate the road. And they are, of course, located in front and they white color. True, fog lights can shine and yellow light(it is believed that yellow light breaks through the fog better).
The main purpose of the lights is to designate the vehicle itself. And they are located at the back and are all red. The only exception is headlights. reversing and license plate lighting - they are white.
In addition, the car (motorcycle) also has side lights. The front marker lights are white, the rear marker lights are red.
It is extremely important for the driver to know exactly how the work of headlights and lanterns is coordinated. In particular, it must be understood that it is possible to turn on the parking lights without turning on the headlights. But it is impossible to turn on the headlights without turning on the parking lights!
That is, when we say that the driver turned on the side lights, this means that two white lights are on in front, and two red lights are on in the back (but the headlights are not on).
If we say that the driver turned on the headlights (no matter which ones), this means that the headlights are on in front, and two red marker lights are on the back.
But back to "our sheep". So, in conditions of insufficient visibility, the driver must turn on the headlights of the dipped or main beam (and since the headlights are on, it means that the red side lights will definitely be on behind).
But in heavy fog (snowfall, rain), the main beam of the headlights does not reach the roadbed!
This is where it's time to go to the middle and connect foglights. A flat and wide beam of fog lamps beats under a veil of fog, highlighting not only carriageway, but also the curb.
See how well the logo of the “autoschoolhouse” has become visible.
Just do not try to move on some foglights. Fog lights illuminate the road 5-10 meters from the car. Driving in conditions of insufficient visibility on foglights alone is dangerous and therefore prohibited by the Rules.
But there is another problem.
In conditions of insufficient visibility, the rear position lights already at a distance of 10 meters turn into inconspicuous dots, or even become invisible.
In this case, the rear fog lights will help out the driver. They burn incomparably brighter than side lights.
That is why the Rules allow the use of rear fog lightsonly in low visibility conditions!
If you turn them on in a transparent atmosphere, you will blind the drivers behind you.
There is one problem in the Tickets about the rear fog lights. It is frankly provocative, and you often make a mistake here:
Twilight faded into night. It has come dark time days.
But the fog cleared. The atmosphere is absolutely transparent.
Rules. Section 19. Clause 19.1. In the dark time of the day on a moving vehicle, the dipped or main beam headlights must be turned on.
I emphasize! – if the Rules say: "In the dark time of the day", and they don’t add anything, which means that it’s a dark impenetrable night in the yard, but that’s all. No fog, rain, snowfall, etc.
Since we already moved with the onset of twilight with the dipped beam headlights on, then with the onset of the dark time of the day we don’t need to do anything. True, two points remained unclear. First, are fog lights allowed at night? And, secondly, in what cases can high beam headlights be used?
Rules. Section 19. Clause 19.4. Fog lights can be used at night on unlit sections of roads together with low beam or high beam.
As you can see, driving at night on foglights alone is strictly prohibited by the Rules (as well as in conditions of insufficient visibility). But you can add fog lights to the dipped or high beam headlights if the road is not lit.
Now about when you can use high beam and when not.
We already know that both low and high beams can be used, firstly, when driving in a tunnel, secondly, when driving during the day in conditions of insufficient visibility, and, thirdly, when driving at night, no matter what kind of visibility (sufficient or insufficient). It remains only to understand when you can use the low beam, and when the high beam.
Rules. Section 19. Clause 19.2. High beam headlights must be switched to low beam:
- in settlements, if the road is lit;
- at an oncoming pass at a distance of at least 150 meters from the vehicle, as well as at a greater distance, if the driver of the oncoming vehicle periodic switching headlights will show the need for this;
- in any other cases, to exclude the possibility of blinding drivers of both oncoming and passing vehicles.
Let's deal with each of these requirements separately.
1. High beam headlights must be switched to low- in settlements, if the road is lit.
Let us leave this requirement of the Rules without comment. Everything seems to be clear here anyway - we drive along city streets at night with low beams (unless, of course, they are lit).
But if we climb into a place where we can’t see a single light, then even in the city it is allowed to turn on the distant one.
2. at an oncoming siding at a distance of not less than 150 meters to the vehicle as well as with more if the driver of an oncoming vehicle indicates the need for this by periodically switching the headlights.
The main beam (if it is correctly adjusted) reaches the roadbed at a distance of 90 - 100 meters from the car. Rules have generously set a minimum distance between converging vehicles - 150 meters. By this time, the drivers of both vehicles are required to switch the high beam headlights to low beam, so as not to blind each other.
But it may happen that the headlights of one of the cars are not adjusted, and the main beam hits, as they say, “into the sky”. In this case, oncoming drivers from afar will ask (flashing their headlights) to switch to low beam. And the rules oblige the driver to do this , even if the distance between approaching vehicles is more than 150 meters.
3. High beam headlights must be switched to low beam -in any other cases to exclude the possibility of dazzling drivers, as oncoming as well as passing vehicles .
High beams can create problems not only for those who are driving towards, but also for those who are moving ahead in passing direction. No minimum distance has been established by the Rules for this situation, but a competent driver will always dip his headlights when approaching the vehicle in front.
And by the way! How should a driver behave when dazzled by headlights?
We have already discussed this situation in the seventh topic. Let's repeat it again. Night time.
road outside locality without artificial lighting. A car is driving towards you with the headlights on. Just imagine - you do not see the roadbed, you do not see the markings, you do not see the roadside. It's deadly!
The most correct now is to portray a forced stop. That is the sign emergency stop no need to set, just turn on the emergency light and stop smoothly without changing lanes. I assure you, this is the most correct and safe solution. Moreover, the Rules require the same:
Rules. Section 19. Clause 19.2. Last paragraph. When blinded, the driver must turn on alarm and without changing lane, slow down and stop.
And finally, the most difficult driving conditions!
Not only is it night outside, there is also insufficient visibility!
In this case, the Rules did not come up with anything new, because all the possibilities of a modern vehicle have already been exhausted.
That's whyin low visibility conditions the procedure for using external lighting devices is the same at any time of the day. You can turn on the high beam, you can turn on the low beam, you can add fog lights, you can turn on the rear fog lights.
Another thing is that experienced drivers when driving in heavy fog, rain or snow, never use high beams. They know full well that in such conditions, the high beam is ineffective - it simply does not reach the road surface, and the driver sees nothing but fog, snow or rain.
In such conditions, the most correct thing is dipped beam plus fog lights. And, of course, the speed must be such that stopping way was less than the visibility distance.
A special case - towing!
When towing, two vehicles move as one at a close distance from each other. In this case, they should designate themselves as one whole.
Towing - in front, and he has includedlights, towed - at the back, and it has includedparking lights .
Rules. Section 19. Clause 19.1. At night and in conditions of insufficient visibility, regardless of road lighting, as well as in tunnels, a moving vehicle must turn on the following lighting devices:
- on all motor vehicles and mopeds - driving or dipped beam headlights, on bicycles - headlights or lanterns, on horse-drawn carts– lights (if any);
- on trailersand towed motor vehicles - parking lights.
The rules forbade the towed person to turn on the headlights even at night and even in conditions of insufficient visibility (only side lights!). And this has its own logic. After all, the towed one will also have an emergency flasher turned on:
Rules. Section 7. Clause 7.1. emergency light signaling must be turned on when towing (on a towed motor vehicle).
To designate your vehicle, this is quite enough, but it does not need to illuminate anything - a towing vehicle is driving ahead at a maximum of 6 meters.
There is one such problem in Tickets, and here you are often mistaken:
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What external lighting devices should be turned on at night and in conditions of insufficient visibility, regardless of road lighting, as well as in tunnels on towed vehicles? 1. Daytime Running Lights. 2. Parking lights. 3. Rear fog lights. |
Good afternoon, dear readers.
I think that you have already heard many times that from November 20, 2010 come into force and that from that moment it will be necessary to use Daytime Running Lights.
However, in this article I will not consider the changes in the rules for the use of lighting devices themselves. It will be about how you can use light fixtures before November 20, how - after this date.
Those. we'll talk about the best way to go from driving with low beams off to driving with them on. Let me remind you that less than three months are left before these changes to the rules come into force, so it's time to think about the issue of their study and implementation.
I immediately warn you that in this article we will consider the use of lighting devices only in daylight hours.
Use of lighting fixtures until November 20, 2010
Currently, when driving during daylight hours, some categories of vehicles must turn on the dipped headlights. This is evidenced by the paragraph:
19.5. When driving during daylight hours, in order to indicate a moving vehicle, the dipped headlights must be switched on:
- on motorcycles and mopeds;
- when moving in an organized transport convoy;
- on route vehicles moving along a specially allocated lane towards the main traffic flow;
- at organized transportation groups of children;
- when transporting dangerous, bulky and heavy cargo;
- when towing motor vehicles (on a towing vehicle);
- when driving outside built-up areas.
I note that the listed vehicles must use dipped headlights. However, this does not mean that other vehicles cannot do the same.
The use of fog lights is described in:
19.4.
- in conditions of insufficient visibility, both separately and with dipped or main beam headlights;
- instead of dipped headlights under the conditions provided for in clause 19.5 of the Rules.
Notice the fog lights can be used. Those. may or may not be used. Accordingly, even if your car is equipped with fog lights, you can never turn them on. Conversely, you can always drive with the fog lights on.
As for daytime running lights, about them in the current edition of the rules traffic not spoken at all. Well, since this type of lighting device turns on simultaneously with the start of the car engine, you don’t need to remember about it at all.
Let's summarize. At present, during daylight hours, only the vehicles listed in paragraph 19.5 shall have their lights switched on. The rest of the vehicles can also turn them on as needed.
Use of lighting fixtures after November 20, 2010
After November 20, 2010, the text of paragraph 19.5 of the rules of the road will be significantly reduced, however, the group of vehicles that it will cover will increase significantly:
19.5. During daylight hours, all moving vehicles must turn on dipped beam headlights or daytime running lights to identify them.
Now low beam headlights should be on on all vehicles and always. He also had an alternative - the use of daytime running lights, which are always on anyway.
With regard to fog lamps, paragraph 19.4 has undergone minor changes:
19.4. Fog lights can be used:
- in conditions of insufficient visibility with low or high beam headlights;
- at night on unlit sections of roads together with dipped or main beam headlights;
- instead of dipped headlights in accordance with clause 19.5 of the Rules.
Therefore, fog lights are also an alternative to low beams.
Let's summarize. After November 20, 2010, each vehicle must have at least one of the following lighting devices switched on: dipped beam, daytime running lights, fog lights.
Transition to new rules of the road
In this part of the article, we will consider how it is better to switch to the new rules of the road for drivers of various cars.
Owners are the luckiest cars with daytime running lights. They don't need to think about anything at all. They can ride before and after November 20 according to the same rules.
Although in fact the situation of such cars will even improve, because. they will no longer be required to turn on the dipped beam outside the city, when towing, etc.
That is, on such a car it will be possible to simply get behind the wheel and go without thinking about the use of lighting devices.
The same drivers whose cars not equipped with daytime running lights, it is recommended to switch to new ones as follows.
Approximately 10-15 days before November 20, 2010 i.e. November 5-10, you need to start using dipped headlights when driving during the day. Fog lights can also be used. The choice depends on your preferences.
If there are those who wish, they can start using dipped headlights or PTF right now, the existing rules do not prohibit this.
Many traveling on the roads of the fatherland cars staffed fog lights. Others are included in basic equipment vehicles, other drivers install themselves. At the same time, few people are guided by practical considerations, more often taking care of the aesthetic appearance of their car.
Whenever towards the car is moving, sparkling with numerous lights, oncoming drivers get stressed. The fact is that an excess of light blinds them, making it difficult to follow road conditions . This often results in dangerous traffic situations. Therefore, each motorist should know about how to use fog lights.
The name itself suggests that they are designed to help drivers in low visibility conditions. Many, especially representatives of the younger generation, are poorly versed in terminology, sincerely believing that visibility in the dark is considered insufficient. In fact, the term applies exclusively to weather conditions.
Include front fog lights only possible during heavy fog, rain or snowfall. This is about using additional light at the same time as the main one. When road conditions due to worsening weather become difficult, thanks to fog lights, not only does visibility improve slightly, but the moving vehicle itself becomes more visible, which helps the driver behind the wheel to judge much better traffic situation.
However, if the weather is fine, use the fog lights at the same time as running light not worth it. Such a vehicle is perceived by other drivers as a huge shining spot, which is a source of heightened danger. If you are not ready to give up fog lights then at least disable dipped beam. Thanks to this, a normal balance in the operation of lighting devices will be restored, which will inevitably have a positive effect on safety.
It is also worth remembering how to use rear fog lamp. It is worth noting here that not every driver knows about its existence. However, in all modern cars he is. It is turned on by pressing or pulling out the toggle switch responsible for the operation of the dipped beam and side lights.
Light rear fog light so bright and, if I may say so, poisonous that it irritates the eyes of drivers following you. Therefore, the use of this device is strictly regulated. rear fog light it is strictly forbidden to include in the urban cycle. However, it can also be used on the track only if insufficient visibility caused by heavy fog.
By the way, please note that installing additional fog lights must be carried out only in certified centers and with the approval of the vehicle manufacturer. Otherwise, there is a high probability that the lighting fixtures will be selected incorrectly. Well, in those situations when there is a threat to the safety of someone's health or life, it is by no means possible to neglect the recommendations and instructions.
Answer. The regulations prescribe when driving in conditions of insufficient visibility to use fog lamps only in conjunction with dipped or main beam headlights.
You can use fog lights in combination with low beam or high beam headlights:
Answer. You can use fog lights both in conditions of insufficient visibility (snowfall, rain, fog, twilight, when the visibility of the road is less than 300 m), and at night on unlit sections of roads together with low or high beam headlights.
When driving at night on unlit sections of roads, you can use fog lights:
Answer. The rules prohibit the use of fog lights on their own at night on unlit sections of roads. You can only use them in combination with dipped or main beam headlights.
What external lights should be on the vehicle?
Answer. Any of the listed devices have sufficient luminous flux to designate a vehicle in daytime and can be used by the driver when driving during daylight hours.
Fog lights and rear fog lights can be turned on at the same time:
Answer. Together, fog lights and rear fog lights can be turned on not only in fog, but also in other conditions of poor visibility (rain, snow), when the visibility of the road is less than 300 m. limited visibility fog lamps are not used as they will dazzle drivers following you.
What external lights should be on during daylight hours on motorcycles?
Answer. On motorcycles and mopeds, when driving during daylight hours, the dipped beam or fog lamp must be turned on. Thus, it is possible to distinguish small-sized vehicles in the flow of cars and trucks.
Can you use fog lights instead of low beam headlights during daylight hours?
Answer. In the daytime, the driver can use fog lights instead of low beam headlights to indicate the vehicle, except when driving in tunnels and in conditions of insufficient visibility.
Turning on which external lights will give you the best visibility of the road when driving at night during a heavy snowstorm?
Answer. When driving at night during heavy snowstorm high beam headlights will create glare and reduce visibility. In such conditions, it is advisable to use the inclusion of fog lights in conjunction with the dipped headlights.
The fact that fog lights significantly improve visibility in poor visibility and on the sides of the car is beyond doubt. The fog reflector is designed in such a way as to create uniform illumination around the headlight, which explains why high efficiency PTF. But as for the rear fog lights, for many drivers it remains not entirely clear why they are needed, and whether they are needed at all, because they do not carry any obvious practical benefit.
And even vice versa. Rear fog lights when driving at night, according to many motorists, only get in the way, because they obstruct the view, and the brake light of the car in front becomes difficult to see. However, most vehicles are standardly equipped with rear fog lights, and it is illegal to remove them from the car structure on your own - it will become impossible to pass a technical inspection without them.
Does the car need ZPTF
The rear fog lamps, if they are structurally provided on the car, cannot be removed independently. ZPTF are intended for more correct designation of the vehicle in conditions of insufficient visibility. As a rule, such headlights are designed for the installation of standard incandescent lamps - special brightness is not required here. There are also no clear standards regarding the connection scheme - at self installation it is better to use a separate rear fog lamp relay.
The presence of rear fog lights allows you to bad weather avoid collision of two cars. For example, when heavy snow, rain or fog. They are initially somewhat brighter than simple dimensions, and are located at some distance from them, so they turn out to be quite effective. Naturally, without the need to turn on the rear fog lights, it’s still not worth it - in clear weather, at night, they interfere with other drivers.
If ZPTF are absent
Not all vehicles are factory equipped with SPTF. According to GOST R 51709-2001, the presence of rear fog lights by car is a must. Therefore, many motorists are forced to install them on their own - otherwise, certain difficulties arise during the inspection. This is due to the fact that a car without a ZPTF does not comply with GOST. It should be noted right away that such requirements apply only to vehicles manufactured in 2006 and older.
Another important point, which is often “forgotten” by traffic police inspectors - if the rear fog lights are not provided structurally, the driver is not obliged to install them on their own - GOST requirements apply only to manufacturers, not consumers. If the ZPTF is nevertheless installed independently, then this is done not haphazardly, but according to certain rules - if the installation is incorrect, the inspector's refusal when trying to pass the MOT will be completely legitimate.
The number of ZPTF can be one or two. If one headlight is installed, then it is placed only on the left side. If there are two ZPTFs, then they are placed at a height not exceeding one meter from the ground level, and not less than 25 cm from it.
Important! The width between them is not regulated in any way, but there is important point, obligatory to observe - the distance between the ZPTF and each brake light cannot be less than 100 mm.
How to use the rear fog lights
When the rear fog lights are installed by the automaker, the question of how to turn on the rear fog lights and how to turn them off is determined by him - the driver can only press the buttons. In the case of self-installation of this equipment, there are a lot of connection options, but you cannot use the ZPTF as you please - this procedure is quite strictly regulated, and cannot be changed independently.
So, according to the law, ZPTF can only be switched on together with head lighting or front fog lights, and they should only burn in a constant mode. They are switched off parallel to another external lighting equipment, and should not be included as separate equipment. Under no circumstances allowed teamwork rear fog lights and brake lights that come on when the car is braked.
With self-installation, the choice of headlight type is at the discretion of the car owner. The law does not provide for any restrictions or conditions for the PPTF. The headlights can crash into the bumper, in the manner of the front ones, and mounted options can also be used, on special mounts. The main thing is to observe the above features of the installation. When using mounted options, you need to take care of the reliability of fastening.
Some features of operation
In most cases, a housing designed for a halogen or incandescent lamp, marked "H", is used for the rear fog lamp. This suggests that it is forbidden to install another type of lamp, in particular xenon, in them. When installing mounted ZPTFs, it is extremely important to set the correct angle of inclination - the headlight should not blind the drivers behind.
Because the rear end the car is quite heavily polluted during operation, it is necessary to constantly monitor the cleanliness of the ZPTF, otherwise the meaning of their inclusion is completely lost, and when driving in conditions of insufficient visibility, the car may simply be unnoticed on the road, which will inevitably lead to an accident. A little about the repair of the ZPTF on the video:
