Operate the gasoline engine correctly. The principle of operation and the nuances of the operation of turbocharged engines

Diesel engines are very popular, they are often installed even in very small city cars. Diesel engines have several advantages: less consumption fuel than a gasoline unit, more durable, they have more traction capabilities. A diesel engine is simply irreplaceable on an all-terrain vehicle or a delivery truck. At one time, when the difference in price between gasoline and diesel fuel was significant, a car with a diesel engine was bought for the sake of significant savings. However, even now there are many adherents of diesel engines: entrepreneurs (with high mileage diesel is still more economical and reliable than its gasoline counterpart), cross-country enthusiasts (diesel is very traction) and many others who have chiptuned. But a diesel engine must be properly maintained, since its repair is much more expensive than a gasoline engine, and all the savings will go down the drain. And even with the illiterate operation of a diesel engine, its main trump card - reliability - will come to naught. Therefore, when operating a diesel engine, some recommendations should be followed.

First, you should carefully monitor the quality of the oil in the engine, as modern diesel engines are very sensitive to it. It is necessary to fill in only recommended oils, do it more often, about once every 7-8 thousand kilometers. This is also necessary because diesel engines often use turbocharging, which does not like poor quality oil. When operating a turbocharged engine, one more instruction should be observed: after the trip, let the turbine cool down, let the engine run for idling two minutes, or rather, install a turbo timer that will turn off the engine itself after a certain period of time.

Secondly, you need to carefully look after the fuel equipment, because the purchase of injectors or injection pumps (fuel pumps high pressure) will significantly empty the pocket. When servicing the fuel system, change the fuel filter more frequently. It is also important to drain the water from the sump filter in time. One more piece of advice: in order for the fuel equipment to last longer, as well as for a more confident start of the engine in winter, you should refuel with better fuel. Of course, it is difficult to guess where good diesel fuel is poured, but you should stick to branded and proven gas stations.

And yet, the main advice. Do not forget that the diesel engine is not designed for racing, so car engine chip tuning must be carried out in proven places. Therefore, you do not need to “turn” the motor, as is often done on petrol cars. Switch to top gears needed at medium or slightly lower rpm.

Summer and winter diesel fuels differ in viscosity, moisture content and pour point. Summer diesel fuel is used at ambient temperatures above 0°C, winter - at temperatures up to -30°C.

Piter-Diesel LLC - sale of diesel fuel in St. Petersburg and the Leningrad Region, flexible pricing policy, prompt delivery diesel fuel within the stipulated time. When ordering winter diesel fuel, you will NEVER get summer diesel fuel (which is very often the case with other suppliers). The minimum order is 100 liters.

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Today we will touch on a very relevant topic: correct operation engine.

After all, it's no secret that one of the most expensive car repairs is engine repair.

And how well the owner of the vehicle approaches its operation will depend on how often his wallet will get rid of banknotes.

Comparing an engine in a car to a human heart is no exaggeration. It is the engine that takes over the main functions and creates the traction force of the vehicle.

Malfunctions and failures in the operation of the power unit inevitably lead to more serious problems, and sometimes to the complete immobilization of the car.

So how do you properly operate an engine? What points to pay attention to?

Let's figure it out.

The reliability and service life of an engine depends on many factors, namely, operating conditions, quality engine oil And fuel mixture, air purification and so on. At the same time, there is no recipe for “immortality” of the motor. There are only recommendations to significantly extend its life.

So, when operating the engine, follow these tips.

Oils

Pour only high-quality oil into the power unit, monitor its level and replace it in a timely manner.

When choosing a lubricant, pay attention to its type and viscosity index.

Eg, a good option- synthetic or semi-synthetic oil 10W40.

Do not forget to pay attention to the purpose of the oil. If it can only be poured into a diesel engine, then the word “diesel” will flaunt on the label.

Fuel

Remember the low quality of gasoline (diesel fuel) at gas stations and change the fuel filter in a timely manner, do not forget about.

Drain accumulated sludge from time to time. If this is not done, then the entire fuel system will experience problems due to high hydraulic resistance.

The ideal option is to remove the fuel tank at least twice a year and clean it thoroughly.

timing belt

Inspect the condition of the timing belt from time to time and replace it in a timely manner.

Even if the belt works like clockwork, change it ruthlessly after 60 thousand kilometers.

Otherwise, you risk your engine and even more costs.

Spare parts

Buy only quality spare parts. Do not save on your car and try to install only original parts.

Firstly, it increases the engine resource, and secondly, it frees from additional costs in the future, because a poor-quality assembly can “pull” other parts along with it, or it itself will fail ahead of time.

Warming up the car

In addition, do not allow the speed to rise above four thousand. Such a load negatively affects the engine and reduces its resource.

How to ride

Drive around puddles if possible, or go through them at minimum speed. If you "fly" into the water, then there is a high risk of water hammer.

Yes, and for the chassis, this style of driving will be very harmful, because you don’t know how deep this puddle is, so there is a high probability of being left without wheels at all.

be careful

Pay close attention to the engine. Always check the oil and coolant levels before starting the engine. At the same time, never add cold coolant to a hot system.

Please note that the temperature difference should be no more than 15 degrees Celsius. Pay special attention to the tightness of all systems.

1. When starting a car with an injector, do not press the gas pedal. Here, fuel is pumped automatically.
2. To dry the candles, just open the throttle valve and turn the crankshaft.
3. Do not allow the gas tank to be completely empty, otherwise the injector may fail.
4. Monitor the condition and charge level of the battery. Low voltage can damage an expensive system.

Secrets of operating a diesel engine

The above tips apply equally to both gasoline and diesel engines. But there are still some features.

For example, diesel cars require more attention from motorists (especially in winter period).

When operating a "diesel" in winter, consider a few simple tips.

The danger of winding up from a tug

Do not start the car from a tow, because this can cause engine damage.

For example, if the tank is filled with summer diesel fuel and on the street subzero temperature, then starting the engine is unlikely to be successful.

Diesel fuel already at five degrees of frost turns into crystals, and the fuel itself loses its main property - fluidity.

In diesel engines, the role of lubrication is performed by fuel, and if there is no full-fledged lubrication, then the nodes work on a “dry” basis. The result is serious damage.

Therefore, follow the correct one.

Batteries

Pay attention to the power supply. Diesel engines, due to the higher compression ratio, need a powerful battery. That is why batteries with a starting current of at least 320 A are recommended for diesel engines.

In addition, a power supply that has served more than 3 years is better to replace. At the same time, it is also not worth throwing it away - give (sell) the battery to the owner of a car with a gasoline engine.

Pay special attention to the condition of the terminals on the starter and battery - they must be cleaned.

When the temperature drops, the capacity of the battery decreases, so the additional resistance will only worsen the situation.

The ideal option is to lubricate the terminals with a special plastic composition, which will protect the metal from the appearance of plaque and salt on winter roads.

Watch your exhaust

If in the summer when the diesel engine was running, a clear smoke was noticeable, then check the advance angle for fuel injection.

In the absence of adjustment skills, it is better not to take risks and turn to professionals.

Remove excess

It is better to remove the special mesh from the intake (it is installed in the fuel tank). Practice has shown that it is this grid that is the main cause of traffic jams and problems with starting the engine.

This mesh has completely stopped passing fuel.

Choose the right oil

Cars with a mileage of more than 100 thousand kilometers often "get sick" with a decrease.

The reason is excessive wear of the cylinder liner and piston rings. That is why when the temperature drops below 25 degrees Celsius, it is better to give preference to an oil with a reduced viscosity.

Therefore, you need to be able to distinguish.

Check glow plugs

For a diesel engine, difficulties begin already at 5 degrees Celsius and below. Until then, the engine can still be started without working glow plugs.

With a greater cooling, already one faulty candle is enough for an unsuccessful start.

To avoid problems in the cold, diagnose glow plugs before winter. If necessary, replace.

The secrets of operating a turbine engine

The presence of a turbine is not only agility and excellent engine dynamics, but also a great responsibility for the car owner.

Turbine cars require special care from the motorist.

For example, there are more stringent requirements for oil quality. The correct choice of lubricating composition allows you to increase the motor resource by at least twice.

Another important point- timely check and replacement of filters (oil and air).

But that's not all.

To extend the life of a turbocharged engine, follow these recommendations:

• after starting the engine, let it warm up for a minute. Certainly, operating pressure in the system is achieved in 2-3 seconds, but it takes more time to accelerate the moving elements of the turbine. If you immediately give gas to a motor that has just started, then after a few years, or even months, you can say goodbye to the turbocharger. The reason is that the knot simply does not have time to be lubricated and rotates “dry”;
• leaving the car in active mode, try not to turn off the engine immediately after stopping. Let it work for a while (3-5 minutes). This allows you to minimize sudden temperature changes in the engine and eliminate destructive transients;
• do not keep the turbocharged engine idling for more than 20 minutes. In this mode, there is a risk of oil leakage at the turbine junctions;
• monitor the quality of the oil and change it in a timely manner;
• try not to force the speed until the engine temperature reaches 50 degrees Celsius. This requirement must be observed in sub-zero temperatures.

Conclusion

Whatever the engine, it requires care and concern from its owner.

Responsible approach to the issue of operation, timely replacement of defective spare parts, right choice consumables, loyal driving mode - all this helps to extend the engine life and save your money.

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Diesel power units are a fundamentally different design than their gasoline counterparts. The key difference lies in the technology of preparation and ignition of fuel. The formation of the mixture is carried out in the combustion chamber, and the cycle of work consists in injecting a metered portion under huge pressure, after which it ignites upon contact with heated air. This technology allows you to get rid of the gasoline pump, spark plugs, high-voltage wires and other elements necessary for gasoline engines.

Advantages

Diesel powertrains have a number of common advantages.

• Profitability. The efficiency of such motors is 40% and can reach 50% in the presence of a pressurization system.
• Power. When operating diesel engines with a turbine, there is no classic pronounced turbo lag, and all the torque becomes available almost from the lowest revs.
• Reliability. The mileage of diesel power units is up to 700,000 km.
• Environmental friendliness. The use of EGR technology and a significantly lower amount of CO in the exhaust gases can significantly reduce the negative impact on the environment.

Refueling

One of the features of the operation of diesel engines of any type is meticulous attention to fuel quality. Experts advise you to check even fuel from branded gas stations on your own.

Main enemy diesel plant- this is the presence of water in the mixture, which can provoke corrosion in the fuel equipment. To avoid this, it is recommended not to fill the fuel immediately into the tank, but to collect it in canisters and let it settle so that possible sediment and impurities have time to sink to the bottom.

An easy way to test the mixture for the presence of water is to add potassium permanganate crystals to a test portion in a clear container. In the presence of water, colored stains immediately form around them.

Another important criterion is the absolute transparency of the mixture. Any haze, especially in winter, may indicate the initial stage of paraffin crystallization, which easily clogs fuel filters.

Service

The specifics of the operation of diesel engines implies the scrupulous fulfillment of all the requirements of the manufacturer, any violation of which may ultimately lead to the need for expensive repairs. Among the recommendations common to all power plants of this type, relate:

• Timely replacement and quality control of oil. Experts advise to this procedure even more than what is written in the manual service interval. This recommendation is related to the unstable sulfur content of Russian diesel fuel. As a conditional interval, you can focus on a run of 7000 km? 7500 km.
• Timely replacement of the timing belt. In this case, it is recommended to follow the same principle as when changing the oil. For many motors, the permissible belt mileage reaches 100,000 km, but it must be borne in mind that we are talking about practically sterile conditions that are fundamentally unattainable on domestic roads. A broken belt that has worn out ahead of time always means the destruction of the block head, the repair or replacement of which costs a significant amount.
• Checking the cleanliness of the fuel system. It is recommended to replace the filter at least every 10,000 km, and regularly drain the sediment accumulating in the sump from the filter itself. Fuel tank it is advisable to wash it twice a year by removing it from the car. Failure to comply with these requirements can lead to failure of the injectors and the fuel pump.

Ride Features

Warm up and stop the engine. The question of driving "in the cold" is debatable. The operation of diesel engines allows this possibility, however, it should be borne in mind that the thermal clearances at this moment are increased, and the cooled oil, on the contrary, partially loses its lubricating properties, which in combination leads to increased wear details. The best solution would be to drive at speeds up to 40 km / h with 3 or 2 gears on. You can turn off a non-turbocharged engine immediately, and a motor equipped with a pressurization system must be given the opportunity to work without load so that the bearings have time to cool down and not be covered with a varnish film.

Optimal turnover. Power units of this type are low-speed. The habit of "turning" the motor above 3,500 rpm - 4,000 rpm leads to accelerated wear of the cylinder-piston group and the crank mechanism. The optimal range for such engines is, depending on the model, between 1600 rpm and 3200 rpm.

Air filter specification. Diesel units are not equipped with intake throttling, which, combined with the small volume of the combustion chamber and high retracting properties, provokes a water hammer when even a minimal amount of water enters the filter.

Refusal to start "with thrust". A correctly operating power unit normally starts up at an ambient temperature of up to? 20 ° C. If starting is difficult, it is strictly forbidden to try to “pull” the car, as this may damage the timing drive. In addition, the mismatch between the temperature tolerance of the fuel and the temperature overboard leads to paraffin crystallization and the loss of the required fluidity by the fuel. In this case, an attempt to start the engine in tow will lead to dry friction and damage to the parts of the power unit.

Operation in winter

The operation of diesel engines in the cold is complicated by the need to use the appropriate fuel when the temperature drops to 20 ° C or more (“winter” and “arctic”, respectively). In this case, the condition of the injectors and injection pump requires special attention. At this time, experts advise leaving the car overnight in a warm garage to avoid crystallization of paraffins in combustible mixture. In the case of a diesel engine equipped with a turbine, the presence of a turbo timer is very useful, which will allow you to withstand the intervals necessary for warming up and cooling down.

Trying to save money on parts or maintenance on a diesel engine can result in costly engine repairs. Due to significant loads, stringent requirements are imposed on the quality of components of this type of power plants.

Using cheap candles, chains and other accessories can turn into a waste of money, as the parts will fail in the shortest possible time.

A similar principle is relevant for the service itself, in which repair work is carried out. Engaging unskilled mechanics can result in a loss of time, money, and even new engine damage.

Repair of diesel engines requires strict observance of the work schedule and the availability of professional knowledge and equipment from the performers.

Diesel center "Diesel-PRO" is a representative of the largest trademarks auto components, and also offers services for the adjustment and repair of fuel equipment of domestic and foreign production. You can choose the right diesel engine, as well as get acquainted with the characteristics and photos of the goods in the catalog on the company's website.

Do you know, dear visitor, that often the owners of machines with turbine engines misuse them? A gasoline turbo engine is no joke, and knowing all the nuances is quite significant and serves to increase resource intensity.

For example, it is advised to carefully and with particular zeal to treat the intake and lubrication system, since in some cases it is these systems that have a great influence on the long-term functioning of the engine. Competent operation turbo engine and all its units implies that it is necessary to constantly monitor the quality of the lubricant used and its level, knowingly start and stop the engine, and comply with other requirements.

Oil level

There are a lot of recommendations for servicing turbo engines. The first concerns the level of lubrication. It is necessary to constantly monitor it, since oil "starvation" threatens the turbo engine with serious consequences. Oil in turbine engine plays a huge role, it provides efficient work bearings and other critical components.

Anyone understands that with a drop in the level of lubricant and its shortage, the bearings of the required amount do not have it, which means that rapid wear, which leads to breakage. The presence of the desired turbo engine oil level should be especially carefully monitored, and if a deviation from the norm is found out, this must be corrected. The causes of gluttony should be established and eliminated without delay, since a breakdown of the oil pump or other essential element is possible.

Don't throttle when starting

Another recommendation is not to exaggerate with pressing the accelerator at the moment of launch. Diligently "throwing" is unacceptable, because a short moment is enough for a turbo engine to reach operating pressure. In the idle mode, even less than a minute, the turbine can become unusable.

But this point does not apply to owners of cars with turbo engines equipped with a standard Start & Stop engine start / stop system, which has shown itself only from the best side.

Requirements for the oils used

An important fact: if the oil recommended by the manufacturer should be poured into an atmospheric engine, then in the case of a turbine this moment is even more important. Saving on oil is unacceptable and, one might say, criminal. It is known that the operation of the motor with low-quality and contaminated oil leads to its failure and expensive repairs. The oil requirements specified by the manufacturer must be strictly observed.

And you also need to know that the oils designated by the developers for turbo engines are not identical in their parameters and characteristics to lubricants used in atmospheric engines. A logical question arises, what is the reason for this? All this is due to the influence of elevated temperatures and loads during the operation of the turbine unit. In a typical naturally aspirated engine, there are no such critical effects on lubrication.

You should also be aware that mixing oils of different viscosities and types, as well as from different manufacturers, not allowed. Even the brand of the lubricant manufacturer is recommended not to change, but to constantly use the same one. This leads to significant wear resistance and durability, reliability of the turbine motor. Use only the best oils and lubricants in your turbo engine!

If the turbo engine has been in service

Often there are owners of turbo-engine cars who have been in a car service. In such a motor, it is strongly recommended to check the level, contamination and quality of the oil. You should also check the crankshaft with the engine stopped. It is necessary to make sure that there is normal oil pressure in the system and its circulation. And only after that you can start the car and make sure that it functions properly at idle in the parking position for 10-15 minutes.

Turbodiesel

In the case when you are the owner of a car with a turbodiesel engine, you should be extremely critical of the quality of the fuel. When using fuel of dubious quality, there is the possibility of contamination of the fuel system, and, consequently, the loss of the former power of the engine. When using low-quality fuel, the turbine unit will be put into the speed replenishment mode and will reduce its wear resistance.

What recommendations are important for this? Of course, refueling should be done only at proven stations. If there is any doubt about the quality of the fuel, it is advised to filter it. In principle, the car loves a reverent attitude towards itself. A car with a turbo engine, this principle affects in the first place. At proper care, "feeding" only high-quality fuels and lubricants, the car will please you more than once, its power and durability will increase significantly.

Starting and stopping the turbo engine

It is necessary to remember how to start a turbo engine at a negative temperature. Before starting, many experts advise turning the turbo engine three to five times. And after the "pre-launch" procedure, finally start and "drive" the engine at idle, without moving.

This operation is done to start the circulation of oil and fill the system, in order to avoid the formation of overloads. There are certain nuances related to stopping the turbo engine. Allow the engine to cool slightly before stopping. By the way, this also applies to atmospheric engines.

It has long been known that operation at high speeds leads to the operation of systems inside the motor at elevated temperatures. An instant stop should not be allowed, because this leads to a sharp temperature jump, which negatively affects the longevity of the turbo engine. The durability and reliability of the turbine unit is significantly reduced.

The turbo engine has more power, but this also leads to high loads. From this follows a reduced service life of such a motor. At good care and proper operation of the turbine unit, it will jump over the mark of 150,000 km without hassle.

Professional driving style

Proper driving style is an important factor for a turbo engine. It must be remembered that the turbine is a construct that operates and is operated under high loads. And this means that it is not permissible to use it for a long time in the mode of reduced engine speed. Experts advise even letting the turbo engine work at least once every one and a half to two weeks in the maximum allowable speed mode.

In this way, the process of cleaning the compressor inflation system is initialized, and it also significantly extends the maintenance time without breakdowns. It is also important to avoid prolonged driving when high revs, because this style of driving can "twist" the turbo unit. Operating and driving a mid-range turbo engine is a good tactic.

Do not operate the engine for extended periods Idling. In connection with what? Probably, it will be a discovery for you that if the turbo engine runs in idle mode for more than 30 minutes, then this leads to its breakdown? This is explained by the fact that in this mode of operation of the turbo engine there is a high probability of clogging and contamination of the turbine unit. The oil drain pipe becomes clogged or oil may enter the engine cylinders, which leads to breakdown of various components of the cylinders and the piston.

Cons of turbo engines

Whatever laudatory words you hear about engines with turbines, they have their drawbacks. The shortcomings of turbo engines are not just insignificant little things and imperfections left after they were released from the assembly line, but objective components. For example, one of them is high fuel consumption.

But, although this shortcoming is significant, it still has positive aspects. For example, the more this motor "eats" fuel, the more powerful it will be. For example, a turbo engine of 1400 cubes can develop parameters with indicators (astonishing!) 1.7 times more than an aspirated engine of the same volume.

The special specificity of the turbo engine requires careful monitoring of quality indicators oils. The disadvantage here is the need to service the oil both in the motor itself and in the turbine. And the essence of this minus is not even in oil consumption, which is not so significant, but in continuous monitoring of the quality of the lubricant and the minimum periods between oil changes.

Another disadvantage will be increased sensitivity to the quality of fuel being refueled. Both gasoline and diesel fuel (and it is even more) are applicable only of the highest quality. If, out of ignorance, "feed" the atmospheric engine with gasoline with an octane rating worse than 95, then there will be no tragedy. It is not advised to practice this often, but the engine will endure and forgive.

But with a turbo engine, not everything is so good. Such thoughtless actions will instantly create a problem that will result in significant and high costs for system recovery. It is the considerable restoration that causes the next drawback of turbo engines. In Russia, the cost of restoration reaches 75,000 rubles, and this is undoubtedly a significant amount.

But, in spite of everything, the operation of a turbo engine is an order of magnitude better than that of a conventional one, because the efficiency and power indicators are much higher. The owners of cars with such an engine can only be congratulated. Keep an eye on your car's engine and it will thank you high efficiency and stable operation in any conditions.

Progress has not stood still for a long time: the former low-speed, but noisy diesel engines began to work quieter, and their power, and, accordingly, their dynamics increased. Moreover, a noticeable breakthrough in this direction happened when turbocharging began to be installed on diesel power plants. Today, many cars equipped with diesel engines have a turbine in their design. However, not all owners of cars with such units know how to properly operate a turbodiesel engine so that it lasts as long as possible. We have prepared eight simple tips that will help current or potential owners of machines with similar units to avoid miscalculations in the operation of the turbine.

In the photo: Turbo diesel engine 2.1 Mercedes

Council number 1. Keep the oil level under control.

All engines in general, and the turbocharged diesel engine we are considering in particular, are not recommended for oil starvation. After all, oil in such a unit plays a special role, lubricating the plain and rolling bearings of the turbocharger. When the engine oil level drops, the bearings do not receive the right amount of lubrication, which leads to their rapid wear and failure.

Therefore, we recommend that you check the oil level in the crankcase as often as possible and, if a deficiency of lubrication is detected, you need to immediately top up the amount. In addition, it is necessary to find out the reason why the oil level in the system drops (this may be contamination or leakage of the oil system, failure of the oil pump, etc.) and eliminate it immediately.

Council number 2. Use only high quality motor oil.

Since you have purchased a car from turbodiesel engine, do not skimp on refueling it with high-quality and manufacturer-recommended engine oil. Here, as in the well-known saying: save on fish, get a bad yushka. Above, we have already indicated what role engine oil plays for a turbine, so pouring any kind of oil into the engine means dooming the turbocharger of the power plant of your car to a slow death in advance. It is important to remember that the oils recommended for turbocharged units are different in composition from conventional oils due to the fact that when working in a turbine they are exposed to much higher temperatures and loads than in an atmospheric engine. Another important aspect: it is highly not recommended to mix oils of different viscosity, for example, add 5w-30 oil to the engine if 10w-40 has already been filled there.

Council number 3. Monitor the quality of diesel fuel.

A diesel engine turbine is sensitive not only to the quality of the engine oil, but also to the quality of the fuel you feed your car with. When using low quality fuel, clogging of the engine fuel system is likely, which, in turn, affects the loss of engine power, due to which the turbine is forced to work at its power limit in order to fill this gap in speed. And this can lead to a reduction in its service life.

Council number 4. Avoid overgassing when starting a turbocharged engine.

This advice should be followed, first of all, by those owners of cars who do not have a Start & Stop engine start / stop system installed. The fact is that when starting the engine, the oil channels are not yet filled with engine oil, when you press the accelerator pedal, you give a load to the turbine, which rotates with little or no oil, as a result of which its components (bronze-graphite sliding and rolling bearings) wear out quickly, which eventually leads to failure of the turbocharger.

Therefore, we strongly recommend that you apply gas smoothly, and for some time (within 5 minutes maximum) after starting, let the engine idle, and then start moving at low speeds, gradually increasing the load. Let's make a reservation that this is important for engines that are not equipped with the Start & Stop system.

Council number 5. Keep the speed at medium speed while driving.

The engine turbine is a unit that constantly operates at high loads, so it is impossible to drive a car with such a unit for a long time at low revs. In general, it is recommended to let the engine turbine run at extremely high speed several times a week: in this way, you will activate the cleaning process of the turbocharger boost system, which will later help extend the life of the unit. It is important to avoid "twisting" the turbine, that is, a long drive at high speeds. At the same time, the turbocharger rotor experiences increased loads, which leads to an imbalance in its operation and, as a result, failure of its components.

Therefore, when driving a car with this type of engine, it is best to stick to medium speeds.

Council number 6. Do not turn off the engine immediately after stopping the vehicle.

This advice is especially important for motorists whose turbodiesel engines are not equipped with a Start & Stop system. The fact is that when the engine stops immediately, the turbine impellers still continue to rotate, but the oil that lubricates them is no longer enough, which leads to overheating of the turbocharger components (rotor and bearings). And this, in turn, leads to increased wear of these parts of the turbine.

Therefore, after stopping, let the engine idle for a short (no more than 5 minutes) time. During this time, the turbine will cool down and can be deactivated.

Council number 7. Avoid prolonged idling of the engine.

For a turbocharged engine, idling for 20-30 minutes is like death. The fact is that with this mode of engine operation, coking (in other words, clogging) of the turbine, namely the oil outlet tube, the drive for changing the geometry of the turbine, can occur. Also, during prolonged idling, engine oil can be sucked into the engine cylinders, which can lead to failure of the components of the cylinder-piston group.

If you still keep the engine idling for a long time, then we advise you to keep the crankshaft speed at 1200-1600 rpm.

Tip #8. Perform vehicle maintenance on time.

Follow the manufacturer's recommended intervals for changing engine oil and filters, both oil and air. Remember that maintenance times are usually shorter for a turbocharged engine than for a naturally aspirated engine, since the turbine operates at higher loads than a conventional diesel unit, and therefore needs to be serviced more often. fresh oil and filters.

Following these simple tips will save car owners from costly turbine repairs.

autoexperts.ru

Diesel engine - principle of operation, pros and cons

Long gone are the days when the industry civilian vehicles the diesel engine was considered in many ways a compromise "smaller brother" of gasoline engines.

Due to the characteristics of diesel fuel, this type of internal combustion engine has a number of obvious advantages.

Strengths are so obvious that even domestic designers puzzled over the introduction of this technology.

Now such engines have Gazelle Next, UAZ Patriot. Moreover, there were attempts to install a diesel engine on the Niva. Unfortunately, the release was limited to small export lots.

Positive factors have allowed the diesel engine to gain popularity in each of the automotive segments. We are talking about a four-stroke configuration, since a two-stroke diesel engine has not been widely used.

Design

The principle of operation of a diesel engine is to convert the reciprocating movements of the crank mechanism into mechanical work.

The way the fuel mixture is prepared and ignited is what distinguishes a diesel engine from a gasoline engine. In the combustion chambers of gasoline engines, a pre-prepared fuel-air mixture is ignited by a spark supplied by a spark plug.

A feature of a diesel engine is that the mixture formation occurs directly in the combustion chamber. The working cycle is carried out by injecting a dosed portion of fuel under enormous pressure. At the end of the compression stroke, the reaction of heated air with diesel fuel leads to ignition working mixture.

A two-stroke diesel engine has a narrower scope. The use of single-cylinder and multi-cylinder diesel engines of this type has a number of design flaws:

• inefficient cylinder scavenging;
• increased oil consumption during active use;
• the occurrence of piston rings in high-temperature operation, and others.

A two-stroke diesel engine with an opposite piston arrangement has a high initial cost and is very difficult to maintain. The installation of such a unit is advisable only on marine vessels. In such conditions, due to its small size, low weight and greater power at identical speeds and displacement, a two-stroke diesel engine is more preferable.

Single cylinder unit internal combustion widely used in the household as an electric generator, engine for walk-behind tractors and self-propelled chassis.

This type of energy production imposes certain conditions on the design of a diesel engine. It doesn't need a fuel pump, spark plugs, ignition coil, high voltage wires and other nodes vital for normal operation gasoline engine.

The following are involved in the injection and supply of diesel fuel: a high-pressure fuel pump and nozzles. For easier cold starts modern motors use glow plugs that preheat the air in the combustion chamber. Many vehicles have an auxiliary pump installed in the tank. The task of the low pressure fuel pump is to pump fuel from the tank to the fuel equipment.

Development ways

Diesel engine innovation lies in the evolution of fuel equipment. The efforts of the designers are aimed at achieving the exact moment of injection and maximum atomization of the fuel.

The creation of a fuel "fog" and the division of the injection process into phases made it possible to achieve greater efficiency and increase power.

The most archaic specimens had mechanical injection pump and separate fuel line for each nozzle. The device of the engine and TA of this type had great reliability and maintainability.

The further development path was to complicate the injection pump of a diesel engine. It appeared variable injection timing, a lot of sensors and electronic control processes. At the same time, the same mechanical nozzles. In this type of design, the injected fuel pressure was between 100 and 200 kg/cm².

The next step was the introduction of the Common rail system. IN diesel engine appeared fuel rail, where pressure up to 2 thousand kg / cm² can be maintained. High pressure fuel pumps of such motors have become much simpler.

The main design difficulty lies in the injectors. It is with their help that the moment, pressure and number of injection stages are regulated. System injectors battery type very demanding on fuel quality. The airing of such a system leads to a rapid failure of its main elements. Common rail diesel engine runs quietly, consumes less fuel and has great power. You have to pay for all this with a smaller resource and a higher repair cost.

Even more high-tech is the system using pump-injectors. In TA of this type, the nozzle combines the functions of pressurizing and spraying fuel. The parameters of a diesel engine with unit injectors are an order of magnitude higher than analog systems. However, as well as the cost of maintenance and requirements for fuel quality.

The Importance of Turbines

Most modern diesel engines are equipped with turbines.

Turbocharging is an effective way to increase the performance of a car.

Due to the increased pressure of the exhaust gases, the use of turbines paired with a diesel engine significantly increases throttle response and reduces fuel consumption.

Turbine - far from the most reliable unit car. More than 150 thousand km, they often do not go. This is perhaps its only drawback.

Thanks to electronic unit engine control (ECU), diesel engine chip tuning is available.

Advantages and disadvantages

There are a number of factors that distinguish diesel engines favorably:

• economy. An efficiency of 40% (up to 50% with turbocharging) is simply an unattainable indicator for a gasoline counterpart;
• power. Almost all of the torque is available at the lowest rpm. A turbocharged diesel engine does not have a pronounced turbo lag. Such throttle response allows you to get real pleasure from driving;
• reliability. The run of the most reliable diesel engines reaches 700 thousand km. And all this without tangible negative consequences. Due to their reliability, diesel internal combustion engines are put on special equipment and trucks;
• environmental friendliness. In the fight for the environment, the diesel engine outperforms gasoline engines. Less CO emissions and the use of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) technology bring minimal harm.

Flaws:

• price. A complete set equipped with a diesel engine will cost 10% more than the same model with gasoline unit;
• complexity and cost of maintenance. ICE units are made of more durable materials. The complexity of the engine and fuel equipment requires high-quality materials, the latest technologies and great professionalism in their manufacture;
• poor heat dissipation. Large percentage Efficiency means that when the fuel is burned, less energy is lost. In other words, less heat is generated. In the winter season, the operation of a diesel engine for short distances will adversely affect its resource.

Considered pluses and minuses do not always balance each other. Therefore, the question of which of the engines is better will always be. If you are going to become the owner of such a car, consider all the features of his choice. It is your power plant requirements that will be the factor that will decide which is better: a gasoline or diesel engine.

Is it worth buying

New diesel cars are the type of purchase that will bring only joy. By refueling the car with high-quality fuel and doing maintenance according to regulatory requirements, you will 100% not regret your purchase.

But it is worth considering the fact that diesel cars are an order of magnitude more expensive than their gasoline counterparts. You will be able to compensate for this difference and subsequently save only when you overcome a large mileage. Overpay in order to drive up to 10 thousand km per year. is simply not appropriate.

The situation with used cars is slightly different. Despite the fact that diesel engines have a large margin of safety, over time, complex fuel equipment requires increased attention. The prices for spare parts for a diesel engine over 10 years old are really depressing.

The cost of a high-pressure fuel pump for a budget B-class car aged 15 years can shock some motorists. The choice of a car with a mileage of over 150 thousand must be taken very seriously. Before buying, it is better to make a comprehensive diagnosis in a specialized service. Because low quality domestic diesel fuel has a very detrimental effect on the resource of a diesel engine.

In this case, the reputation of the manufacturer will help to decide which engine is better to give preference to. For example, the Mercedes-Benz OM602 model is considered to be one of the most reliable diesel engines in the world. Buying a car with a similar power unit will be a profitable investment for many years. Many manufacturers have similar "successful" models of power plants.

Myths and misconceptions

Despite the prevalence of diesel vehicles, there are still prejudices and misunderstandings among the people. “It rumbles, it doesn’t heat in the winter, but you won’t start it in a big frost, it doesn’t go in the summer, and if something breaks, you still need to look for a master who will repair everything for space money,” - approximately such words can sometimes be heard from “experienced” motorists. These are all echoes of the past!

1. Thanks to modern technologies, only the rumble of idling makes it possible to distinguish diesel engines from gasoline ones. In motion, when road noise increases, the difference is not noticeable.
2. To improve starting and warming up during the cold season in modern cars various auxiliary systems are used. Due to the growing popularity, the number of services specialized in diesel engine maintenance is constantly increasing.
3. There is an opinion that an internal combustion engine running on a diesel engine is difficult to force. This is true if we are talking about modifications of the cylinder-piston group. At the same time, chip tuning a diesel engine is a good way to increase its power characteristics without compromising resource life.

It is worth remembering that the principle of operation of a diesel engine is entirely aimed at achieving efficiency and reliability. You should not demand sky-high dynamic performance from such internal combustion engines.

Symptoms and causes of malfunctions

• Bad start diesel engine when cold, and after a long period of inactivity - means poorly functioning glow plugs, air in the system, a check valve bleeds fuel pressure, poor compression, a discharged battery;
• increased noise, increased consumption and black smoke from exhaust pipe- means clogging or wear of atomizers and nozzles, incorrect injection advance angles, dirty air purification filter;
• loss of diesel engine power - means lack of compression, failure of the turbine, clogging of the fuel and air filters, incorrect injection advance angles, contaminated USR valve;
• gray or White smoke from the exhaust, increased oil consumption means cylinder head crack or a broken cylinder head gasket (coolant leaves, and an emulsion appears in the oil), a turbocharger malfunction.

Proper operation

Improper operation can destroy even the most reliable motor.

To extend the life of a diesel engine, and enjoy the pleasure of owning a car, following simple rules will help you:

• turbocharged diesel engines are very demanding on the quality of oil and fuel. Fill in only the oil that meets the requirements established for your internal combustion engine. Refuel only at trusted gas stations;
• carry out maintenance of fuel equipment and systems preheating in accordance with the standards declared by the manufacturer. In this case, you will not have problems starting a diesel engine in the cold season. Operating the unit with a malfunctioning injector can subsequently result in costly ICE repair;
• after active trips, the turbine needs to be cooled. Do not turn off the engine immediately. Let it run for a while at idle;
• avoid push start. This way of reviving the engine can cause great harm to the crank mechanism of your internal combustion engine.

Both types of engines have not only pluses, but also minuses. The main goal of a car is to meet your requirements, no matter if it is equipped with a gasoline or diesel engine. Which is best for you depends on individual preferences.

Modern innovative technologies and progressive marketing allow people to choose from the cars they can afford. We have to compromise and sacrifice individual parameters less and less. This trend is especially noticeable in the process of evolution. diesel vehicles.

engines.ru

Rules for the operation of turbocharged engines

Owners of cars with engines equipped with a turbine must know and follow certain rules for their operation.

So the owner of a turbocharged engine should pay more attention to intake and lubrication systems, which primarily affect its performance. To avoid possible failures in the operation of the engine, the oil, as well as the air and oil filters, must meet all the requirements of the developers and be in proper condition.

At the same time, starting and stopping a turbocharged engine is of great importance, affecting its service life.

Turbo engine start

During its operation, the engine turbine accelerates to sufficiently high revolutions, and in this case, a stable supply of lubricant to its rotating parts is a prerequisite. Therefore, when starting the engine, during the first two to three minutes, do not get carried away with the gas pedal. If you start to "gas" on a cold engine, then the turbine rotor can "starve" for lubrication, which will be enough to cause the turbine to fail or, at least, its resource will be reduced many times over.

Start at negative temperatures

After starting the turbo engine in cold weather, it is necessary to allow time for the oil to warm up so that its viscosity acquires normal properties. If you give a load on a cold engine, then in the bearing assemblies of the turbine, due to a mismatch in the viscosity of the oil, the so-called cavitation (from Latin cavita - emptiness) may occur, which is simply fatal for the bearings.

Turbine engine stop

Stopping a turbocharged engine, especially after a long trip, also has its own characteristics and before turning off the engine, you need to let it cool down. This is due to the fact that during operation at high loads, the motor operates at high speeds and extreme temperature conditions. In this case, the turbine housing is very strongly heated by hot exhaust gases, cooled by the flow of engine oil. If, however, immediately after stopping the engine, turn off the engine, then the oil supply will stop and sharp drop temperatures can cause internal stress in the turbine elements. This will affect the reduction of its operation and increase the risk of its premature failure. In addition, an abrupt stop of the engine causes coking of the oil, forming a layer of soot in the rotating parts of the turbine.

Turbo - timer

In order to prolong the life of a turbocharged engine, there is a turbo timer device, the task of which is to delay the engine shutdown after the ignition is turned off. This pause allows the turbo parts to cool at idle.

The air filter mentioned above directly affects the cooling of the turbine, so it is necessary to monitor its condition and replace it in time, at least

after 10 thousand km. If the car is operated in severe dusty conditions, then the replacement is performed more often. The turbocharger will globally lack air and it will simply break the filter and begin to capture all the debris accumulated on the filter (leaves, dust, insects, etc.). The compressor can also grab any other items, up to nuts, which will lead to accelerated wear of the piston or can cause the compressor blades to “shear” and instantly fail the turbine. For this reason, on sports car engines, filters are “shrouded” in a metal mesh with dense cells.

Long work idle motor

If possible, avoid running the engine at idle for more than 10-15 minutes. In this situation, the oil pressure in the turbine is much higher than the supply air pressure, which encourages oil to flow through the connections, this will be noticeable by the characteristic blue color of the exhaust. The oil will settle on the turbine elements in the form of soot, which will affect its resource as it runs.

Operation of the motor after the repair of the turbocharger

A repaired or new turbocharger must be lubricated before installation. To do this, forcibly pour 20 ml of engine oil through the oil supply hole to lubricate the bearings and only then connect the oil supply pipeline to the turbine. Then, with the engine not running, rotate the crankshaft to fill the rotor bearings. After carrying out these preliminary operations, you can start the engine.

* After the repair of the turbine, it must be run-in at a speed of no more than 90 km / h for 1000 km of run.

* Always use only oil prescribed for turbocharged engines

* Oil change and oil filter for gasoline engines no more than 10 thousand km and 7.5 thousand km for diesel engines

* During maintenance, check the condition of the exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) valve, as well as clean the crankcase ventilation system

Fulfillment of these simple requirements can greatly extend the life of your turbocharged engine.

autoexperts.ru

Features of the operation of diesel engines - how to survive the winter?

Features of the operation of diesel engines in winter are due to the presence of frost, in which the fuel behaves capriciously, which is why some parts malfunction. The reason is that diesel fuel at low temperatures has a very detrimental effect on the engine itself and fuel equipment because it thickens. This article describes what features a diesel engine has and how to operate it in winter.

Features of the operation of diesel engines - the main whims

The main advantage in a diesel engine is its fuel efficiency. It is carried out due to the high pressure inside the combustion chamber, which is not the case with a gasoline engine, in which ignition occurs due to the supply of a spark using a spark plug. Also, the difference between these motors is that in Gas engine air is supplied separately from the fuel, and the fuel-air mixture enters the diesel engine. Another advantage is the durability of the diesel. The high torque that the engine generates allows the car to work in difficult conditions, which is why diesel is used on trucks and SUVs.

Main disadvantage of all diesel cars: they need the correct operation of the diesel engine, because it is very capricious and the fuel requirements are very high, especially in winter. Diesel fuel contains a substance such as paraffin, and at positive temperatures this does not affect the operation of the machine, but when it starts to get colder, the fuel becomes cloudy and the filters become clogged with paraffin threads. As a result, we cannot start the car.

The weak point is fuel equipment, and its minus is the price of spare parts and repairs. Due to low-quality fuel, the injection pump (high pressure fuel pump) and injectors mainly suffer.

Rules for the operation of diesel engines - without which a car cannot cope in winter?

For those who have recently joined the ranks of diesel car owners, it is important to immediately decide how to properly operate a diesel engine. First of all, you need to pay attention to the condition and quality of engine oil. It is worth filling in only the oils recommended by the manufacturer, and do it as often as possible, for example, every 8-9 thousand kilometers. Turbines, which are now installed in many diesel engines, are especially sensitive to oil. It is also worth after the trip to let the turbine cool down, for this it is necessary that the engine idles for about two minutes. And it is better to set a timer that will turn off the engine at a certain time.

The rules for the operation of diesel engines also include careful maintenance of fuel equipment, since the cost of high-pressure fuel pumps and diesel injectors is high. To avoid damage to these components and assemblies in the car, you should change the fuel filter more often, as well as drain the water from the sediment filter. It is worth monitoring the quality of fuel and trying to refuel at proven gas stations. Do not use a diesel for aggressive driving, this engine does not like it when there is a gear change at high speeds. Switching to the next gear should be done at medium or slightly lower speeds.

The operation of a diesel engine in winter is difficult at a temperature of minus 25 degrees Celsius. During this period, it is imperative to use winter or arctic diesel fuel. In winter fuel, the interval of use is allowed from 0 degrees to minus 25 ° C, and in the second - up to minus 35 ° C. Our recommendations for diesel engine operation in winter are aimed at improving the response of the car to your requirements.

In order for the car to be in service all year round, it should be placed in warm garage. In this case, the engine start will be at a high level, because the paraffin contained in the fuel will not crystallize. During this coldest period, you should more carefully monitor the fuel equipment, avoid contamination of the main filters. It is also worth changing the engine oil in a timely manner according to the coming season (by the winter, we drain the summer oil and fill the engine with winter oil). Listening or not is your choice, but with good care, the motor will last you longer.

carnovato.ru

Because the domestic motorists more often they scare diesels than talk about the features of their operation, we will try to fill this gap in knowledge, give a few useful tips namely "dieselist". The main thing - do not experiment with a diesel engine, steadily follow the recommendations of its manufacturer. If they are unknown to you, let us recall some rules that are common to both domestic and imported diesel engines.

First of all, take care of quality fuel and oil for your diesel. Get rid of the idea that our fuel is bad, and there's nothing you can do about it. Try to choose the best from what they offer, that is, fuel without water, mechanical impurities and with decent technical data. It is better not to immediately fill the diesel fuel into the tank, but to collect it in clean, dry canisters and let it stand for some time so that water and dirt settle to the bottom. Each time, pouring fuel (through a funnel with a fine mesh) from the canister into the car tank, leave 1 - 2 liters in the canister, and then pour it into a glass dish to be able to observe the settling of the collected residues. When a sediment in the form of dirt falls on the bottom of the dishes, clean fuel can be carefully poured into another dish and then used, and the sediment can be disposed of without polluting the area near the garage, that is, the environment.

Diesel's worst enemy is water in the fuel. It is capable of destroying even the most reliable diesel engine, "infecting" its fuel equipment with corrosion. Therefore, do not be too lazy to check the fuel that you have poured at the gas station: splash from the canister into a transparent glass and throw a few crystals of potassium permanganate (“potassium permanganate”) into the same place. If there is water in the fuel, colored streaks form around the crystals. Winter is a special period for a diesel engine. At this time, fuel needs an eye and an eye. Less turbidity means the beginning of paraffin crystallization, which threatens to block fuel filter and stopping the engine at the most inopportune moment.

It is possible to restore transparency to such fuel only by heating it, but this should be done very carefully, in no case using open fire or electric heaters. When the fuel is clear again, it's a good idea to keep it from turning cloudy again by adding one of those liquids called an anti-gel or depressant to the tank or canister. There are many of them on the market, you just need to choose the right one, without saving on quality.

Regarding oils, the recommendations are simple. Should always be used for diesels only diesel oils. Given the choice, for example, between SAE 15W-40 API CD oil and SAE 10W-30 API CF-4 oil, the latter should be preferred, since it will create better operating conditions for the engine and last longer. You can learn more about this by visiting the Ukraine car market. Turbo diesels require oils of higher categories than conventional engines.

A few words about the operation of a diesel engine. It begins, as you know, with starting the engine. Usually on pre-chamber diesels cars glow plugs are installed. I turned the key in the lock - the yellow lamp on the instrument panel lit up. It went out - turn the crankshaft with the starter, the fuel will be injected into the zone heated by the candle and instantly disappear, making it easier to start.

When the candles fail, the above scheme does not work. Checking candles is a simple, but rather time-consuming operation, because you need to disconnect each of them from a common bus and check it with a tester. Even in summer, spark plugs should be in good condition, this will reduce engine wear.

If your diesel is dear to you, do not start it from a tugboat or "pusher". Such a start is especially dangerous for engines with a timing belt drive: the toothed belt can break, and then the pistons will reach the valves and bend them.

It is better to warm up the diesel not at idle, but at a light load. It is enough to move in 2nd or 3rd gear at a speed of 30-40 km / h, without forcing speed.

On the track, resist the temptation to "chase" - diesel does not like high speeds, and you do not need to demand from him that agility characteristic of his gasoline relatives. You can turn off a diesel engine without a turbocharger immediately after stopping the car. If the diesel engine is equipped with a turbine, you need to let it run for a couple of minutes without load so that the turbine bearings cool down and varnish films from the oil do not deposit on them. Again: what better oil, the lower the likelihood of varnish formation, the longer the turbine will last.

It is claimed that diesel emits into the atmosphere harmful substances, the number of which is difficult to reduce with the established norms. Therefore, they say, abroad, it is subject to taxes, the size of which is higher than for gasoline engines. This applies to diesel engines of previous generations, but today cars are equipped with environmentally friendly diesel engines that successfully compete with gasoline engines. However, that's another story...

Turbocharged engine: device, operating features

The presence of turbocharged engines on cars provides the first noticeable increase in power in comparison with similar models equipped with "atmospheric" engines. Such units complement the device of both gasoline and diesel power plants.

About turbine

There are two types of turbocharging: low pressure and high pressure. The first type of turbine is used for better mixing of fuel by creating turbulent air flows in motors.

But the high-pressure turbocharged engine is considered the most efficient. In comparison with "atmospheric" motors of the same volume, such units develop approximately 1.5 times more power.

Some manufacturers and owners install 2 turbines on cars at once, as a result of which they got small engines that can compete power plants much larger volume.

In particular, their design is supplemented by the following elements:

• A valve designed to eliminate excess pressure that can damage the motor.
• Intercooler. The device is used to cool the air heated when the turbine speed has reached a high point.

About the principles of operation of a turbocharger

How does a turbine work? Why is it impossible to immediately turn off the engine, supplemented by such a unit? The answers to these questions are important, because, knowing them, it is easier to observe the features of operating a turbocharged engine.

Schematically, the turbine device includes the following elements:

1. Compressor housing, followed by a compressor ring responsible for compressing the air.
2. Air filter.
3. Back plate of the compressor.
4. Shaft mounted ball bearing.
5. Oil supply and drain points.
6. Turbine housing.
7. Turbine wheel, due to which the energy of the exhaust gases is converted into the energy of rotation of the shaft.

Important: The air filter is the main source of turbocharged engine problems. This element is recommended to be changed regularly.

The principle of operation of a turbocharger is as follows:

1. Air, passing through the air filter, penetrates into the inlet of the unit.
2. Air masses are compressed. At the same time, the level of oxygen content in them increases. At this stage, air is heated, as a result of which its density decreases.
3. Leaving the turbocharger, air masses enter the intercooler, where they are cooled. The last design element also prevents the possibility of detonation of the fuel mixture in the engine.
4. At the last stage, compressed air through the throttle penetrates through the intake manifold into the engine cylinders.

As you can see, the working principle similar engine looks simple enough. The turbo engine transfers part of the exhaust gases resulting from the combustion of the fuel mixture in the cylinders back to the turbine exhaust manifold. This air flow starts the movement of the shaft, at the other end of which the compressor is located. As a result, the latter again proceeds to compress the air.

What makes a turbocharged engine more powerful than a naturally aspirated one?

After compressed air enters the cylinder, the level of oxygen content in the latter increases while maintaining the same parameters of the cylinder. Therefore, more fuel mixture is burned in one cycle than in an "atmospheric" motor of the same volume.

Operating rules

Before you install a turbine on your engine, you need to understand the conditions for using such units. By following them, you can increase the life of the motors.

Proper operation of turbocharged engines requires compliance with the following recommendations:

Check oil level regularly

There are many tips on how to properly operate turbojet engines. However, the main condition is precisely the regular check of the oil.

The lack of lubrication leads to rapid wear of the turbine bearings, as a result of which it soon stops working.

In addition, rapid oil consumption indicates a problem in the motor. Possibly out of order oil pump or other item.

When starting, do not hold the gas pedal for a long time

Turbocharged engines reach maximum pressure already at low rpm. Therefore, press the gas pedal for a long time. Otherwise, the turbine will run at idle, which reduces its life.

Use only high quality oil

Poor quality oil is the second most common cause of rapid turbine wear. And it does not matter whether it is installed on a gasoline engine, or on a diesel one. Moreover, such lubrication negatively affects the condition of the motor.

It is necessary to fill in only the oil recommended by the manufacturer of a particular power plant.

It is also important to note that the type of lubricant used on turbocharged engines is different from the fluid used on "atmospheric" units. This is due to the fact that in the former a higher level of pressure is created, as a result of which the requirements for oil quality increase. This circumstance must be taken into account when forcing the "atmospheric" engine.

Other important feature operation of turbocharged engines is as follows: It is impossible to mix different types of oil.

Be sure to check the condition of the motor after repair

First of all, it is necessary to pay attention to the presence of oil and its composition: the liquid must be transparent. Next, the operation of the crankshaft is checked with the engine turned off.

And the last thing: you need to start the engine and keep it at idle for 5-10 minutes, carefully listening to the non-standard sound, the presence extraneous knocks and the like.

Use only high quality diesel fuel

In order for a diesel engine equipped with a turbine to retain its original characteristics, it is necessary to purchase only high-quality fuel. low grade fuel has a lot of impurities that quickly clog fuel system. As a result, the level of power developed by the engine is reduced.

In order to level its fall, the turbine starts to work at the limit of its own capabilities, which provokes rapid wear of the unit.

In cold weather, the engine should run at idle

At low temperatures the oil becomes more viscous. Therefore, it is recommended to start the turbocharged engine and keep it at idle so that the lubricant begins to circulate inside the unit.

In addition, turbojet engines are not recommended to be immediately stopped in the cold. Before drowning out, they also need to work at idle for some time. This recommendation is explained by the fact that at high speeds in power units, the temperature rises to maximum values.

Therefore, a sharp shutdown of the motor can provoke a temperature drop, due to which the life of the installation and turbine is reduced.

Regularly bring the engine up to high speeds

The turbine must be operated regularly. Otherwise, it will soon fail. It is recommended to operate the engine at least once a week when it is running at high speeds. As a result of the operation of the pressurization system, the process of its self-cleaning occurs.

The most successful option for operating a turbo engine is regular driving at medium speeds.

Advantages and disadvantages

A reliable turbocharged engine is the merit of its owner. Only compliance with the operating conditions will ensure comfortable and long drive by car.

Summing up everything that was given above, one cannot help but consider the pros and cons of turbocharged power plants.

autodriveli.com

Diesel engine turbine life

The turbocharger of a gasoline or diesel engine initially has a fairly long resource, which, as planned, can even exceed the engine resource of the power unit until the first overhaul. In practice, a turbine can fail much more quickly, requiring regular performance checks.

We also recommend reading the article about the turbocharger device. In this article, you will learn about how the turbocharging system of an internal combustion engine works.

The average service life of a diesel engine turbine is around 150-250 thousand kilometers traveled. What pumps gasoline engines, the turbine on such engines can last a little longer, but the service life is greatly affected design features turbocharger and individual operating conditions.

Read in this article

Features of turbines for gasoline and diesel internal combustion engines

Modern turbodiesels often receive superchargers that are structurally designed to provide flexible control of the flow of exhaust gases. The solution is called a turbine with variable geometry. Such a device has a rather high initial cost compared to analogues. It is also worth adding that the maintainability of these turbines is quite low.

Gasoline ICE solutions in the form of turbines with variable geometry are almost never obtained due to the fact that the temperature of the exhaust gases in gasoline-powered units is noticeably higher compared to the exhaust of a diesel engine.

Gasoline turbo engines are everywhere equipped with turbines, the geometry of which is fixed. Superchargers of this type are much easier to repair and can last long enough after professional restoration and subsequent balancing.

As for the restoration of turbines with variable geometry, which are everywhere put on diesel engines, the situation is different. Not every service accepts turbines with such a design for work. Also, after repair, there is no guarantee that a turbocharger of this type will be able to pump the proper amount of air in strict accordance with the engine speed.

Turbine failure and consequences

Turbocharger malfunctions, regardless of the type of design, require immediate repair. It is also necessary to eliminate the causes that can lead to turbine failure. This is necessary so that after repair or installation of a new supercharger, the device does not fail again.

We also recommend reading the article on the resource of a diesel engine. From this article, you will learn about what planned resource a motor of this type has, as well as about the factors affecting the motor resource of a power unit.

Most often, turbochargers suffer due to the fact that the efficiency of lubrication of the turbocharger rotor is greatly reduced. The fact is that special requirements are put forward for oil for turbocharged diesel or gasoline internal combustion engines. Turbo engine lubrication operates under conditions of increased loads and high temperatures, and also acts as a working fluid for cooling.

During the operation of the engine, there is a decrease in the performance of the oil pump due to its wear, throughput oil supply lines for supplying lubrication to the turbine are gradually clogged with deposits. Also, wear products of engine parts in the form of mechanical particles enter the engine oil and can damage the turbine rotor.

Compressor malfunctions lead to unstable engine operation, loss of power, increased fuel consumption, changes in the composition of exhaust gases and an increased content of toxic substances in the exhaust. In a diesel engine with a malfunctioning turbine, it can quickly fail particulate filter.

1. The main recommendation during the operation of the turbo engine is the regular replacement of engine oil and oil filter strictly according to the regulations. It is also necessary to keep the lubrication system clean at all times. After repairing the turbine, a thorough flushing of the engine lubrication system is required. Additionally, it may be necessary to remove the crankcase for better cleaning. It is not uncommon for the oil supply line, through which lubricant is supplied to the turbocharger, to be replaced.
2. The air supply system also requires no less attention, since the resource of the turbine of a diesel or gasoline engine also depends on maximum cleanliness. It may be necessary to flush or even replace the intercooler, purge all lines. The air flow must always be free, as any increase in pressure at the outlet of the turbocharger will cause engine oil to leak through the seals in the area turbine wheel. High intake vacuum additionally causes oil emissions to increase. The air filter is also subject to mandatory and regular replacement.

Turbine repair must be carried out only in a professional service. Also, for restoration, it is necessary to use spare parts from trusted manufacturers, which cannot be cheap.

After repair, special attention is paid to tuning the turbocharger. Too little or too much air supplied to the engine adversely affects the resource of the power unit. In different operating modes, the engine needs the optimal composition of the fuel-air mixture for timely ignition and proper combustion.