Often, novice motorists are interested in what more efficient chain or timing belt? According to journalists of "wheels", this question is even among the 10 most philosophical in the automotive industry. Indeed, along with questions about the right / left hand drive, manual transmission / automatic transmission, diesel / gasoline, this topic often appears on auto forums and auto sites. Let's look into it in depth.
So today in rez new belt automakers believe. On the well-known "eight" V8 and "six" V6 from Volkswagen, Toyota and Opel, this option is put. But, anyway, the question of which is better remains relevant, as before.
Chain
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This is a mechanism tested over the years, which is quite simple and not expensive, if compared purely against the background of motor parameters. Yes, it is noisy, but thanks to the high-quality shvi of most car models, this chain blunder is almost invisible. Often, inside the car, the operation of this mechanism is not audible at all.
Note. For example, if we compare two well-known engines VW-TSI for 1.4 liters and EA111 for 1.6 liters, then there is a difference. The latter is clearly noisy, and this is not at all due to the fact that he is "aspirated".
In fact, the problem lies elsewhere. Specifically in this case there is a disease of old motors. It lies in the fact that a 2-row chain is placed on such internal combustion engines. This increases its strength characteristics several times, but under the influence of various forces, although it does not break, it stretches. As a result, from stretching, it begins to make a lot of noise, although it does not jump over the teeth.
The modernization of the internal combustion engine began with the fact that the size of the engines began to be reduced in order to increase the cabin space, and on some "front-wheel drive" the internal combustion engine was generally installed not along, but across. A priori, they began to reduce in size and chains, which were transformed from 2-row to 1-row, becoming much more compact. And in fact, on the modern "eight" of the same VW, the timing chain is no thicker than a bicycle chain.
Chain size is very important. Its mass depends on this, and besides, it is located a little differently than the belt. More specifically, right in the oil bath, inside the timing. What does this mean? It's simple: according to all the laws of automotive engineering, the cylinder head must be longer by the width of the chain. It turns out that the extra millimeters is an increase in the mass of the metal several times. All this negatively affects the operation of the motor, it starts to make more noise, etc.
Note. As experienced motorists correctly noted, the internal combustion engine begins to roar louder before getting to the capital. And the chains also behave in a similar way, but their death clang is not always audible due to the successfully carried out SHVI car models recent years.
It is noteworthy that the old 2-row chain could still be called "eternal". Yes, the roar was terrible, but even after the 1st branch, it could continue to function for a very long time. Everything was thought out sensibly, the load on both branches was distributed evenly.
But the modernization of the internal combustion engine, associated with facilitating its design, shortening the size and rearranging its position, had the opposite effect. An unpleasant surprise was that iron chains significantly reduced their service life and became the same “consumables” as belts. The question is, why then put heavy metal elements, if you can get by with rubber ones? And this is despite the fact that replacing the chain is many times more expensive.
Here, for example, approximate cost replacing the chain on the "fours" is equal to at least 30,000 rubles. This is three times more than it would cost to replace a belt, even the best one. And if you need to change the timing kit for an internal combustion engine of recent years with a chain, you will have to spend at least 100,000 rubles, which, in terms of the complexity of the work, is tantamount to a major overhaul, because you have to dismantle the engine, remove the cylinder head, etc. Owners of the Mercedes M272 should be familiar with this situation.
We do not say that buying cars today with chain drive timing is not worth it. It will just be necessary to carefully inspect the drive before buying, analyze and compare the results in terms of noise and stroke, wear of consumables, etc.
Justified is the bewilderment of many motorists who ask: why is the chain still in business if everything is so bad? If he had only flaws, the automakers would have sent her to rest long ago, and the belt would have reigned and ruled alone.
Obviously, the chain also has its advantages. And first of all, they are associated with holistic protection from all negative influences, including dirt, water, atmospheric changes, etc. The chain, with all that is subject to corrosion, is not afraid of atmospheric changes, dirt does not have any effect on its operation. The belt would have already broken 100 times if the same number of impacts were applied to it.
The second advantage of the chain is inviolability installation timing labels. Under pressure, the chain practically does not stretch, the internal combustion engine high revs retains the original position of the shafts, and this is a reliable guarantee of the preservation of dynamics.
And finally, the third plus that experts highlight is resistance to various overloads. It is several times larger than the belt. If the tensioner pulley is in good condition, the phases of the GRS almost never go astray, the chain does not jump off.
Among other things, we must not forget that the chain drive does not have to be sealed, which makes it a priori better constructive. There is no secret here - just any principle associated with the phases of the GDS is based on lubricating circulation. But the belt is afraid of him, like fire, but the chain is not.
Belt
Of course, no matter how strange it sounds, but its most important advantage is its extensibility indicators. Indeed, due to the record elasticity, it successfully dampens various vibrations that could adversely affect the resource of the shaft components. The belt copes well because of its elasticity and with vibrations of various kinds.
The belt functions almost silently, if it is working, of course. It can be quite long, and at the same time it is well stretched by several rollers, in no way affecting the correctness of the installed phases of the GDS.
The belt does not require lubrication, although this cannot be said about old and used belts. It functions equally effectively on a cold and hot internal combustion engine (and it all depends on the condition of the belt). If the belt is made well-known company, then its resource, as a rule, is large.
But the most beloved positive quality belt for motorists, it is easy to replace. No need to remove the engine, disassemble the cylinder head or box. It's simple - I bought a new belt at an affordable price, and changed it myself without any problems.
An internal combustion engine equipped with a belt is more compact and lighter, it goes without saying. What advantages this gives is easy to guess.
Unfortunately, the belt is not perfect either. He also has shortcomings. For example, a quick vulnerability. He is afraid of water lubricating fluid and frost. Rubber quickly becomes obsolete, which affects the rapid wear. Despite the “running” interval indicated by the manufacturer, most belts do not withstand even half of the period during active use.
One of the common diseases of the belt involves its slippage under excessive loads. For example, if the car's engine twists, there is a high probability of the belt coming off.
Comparison test
As you can see, each of the timing elements has both its pros and cons. This partly explains the fact that the chain is still popular, and the belt does not get all the laurels of the winner.
Gas distribution mechanism modern engines For cars. Chain or belt drive.
The timing chain drive has a longer history of use, but the timing belt is used more and more often and is installed on all large quantity engines.
Such giants of the global automotive industry as Volkswagen and Toyota use a timing belt drive system even on their V-shaped six-cylinder and eight-cylinder engines. But the chain transmission of the timing mechanism does not give up its positions. The chain is traditionally used on German Opel and BMW. Let's see what's the difference?
Timing chain drive, pros and cons
Chain transmission in gas distribution mechanisms has been used for a long time and successfully. However, there are some nuances here as well. This type of transmission often gives itself out as a metallic "rattling" during operation. This small flaw, since, the current engine manufacturers are enough great attention pay both to noise reduction of engines, and soundproofing of interiors of cars.
In the vast majority of vehicles well-known manufacturers engine noise in the car is almost not felt. Recently, the installation of single-row chains has come into fashion. This reduces noise, but also reduces reliability. Breaking such a circuit can lead to quite unpleasant problems.
advantage double row chain is that if one branch is broken, the engine will continue to work. It is sometimes quite difficult to diagnose the state of the circuit only by the noise level, since the noise of the circuit merges with the operation of other systems and mechanisms of the engine, but the repair can be fully compared with the overhaul of the engine.
Often, to replace the timing belt, you have to remove both the engine itself and the cylinder head. Therefore, when buying a new car, you should pay close attention to diagnostics. However, the chain also has quite serious advantages.
It is not affected by atmospheric factors, it is not afraid of either moisture or sand. During operation, the metal chain practically does not stretch, and this, in turn, guarantees precise observance of the valve timing even at the limiting engine operating conditions.
Timing belt drive
Considering belt driven engines, it is worth noting that timing belts are made from high quality elastic materials. As a result, the torsional vibrations that occur during engine operation are sufficiently damped. And this greatly extends the life of the camshafts. As they say, the engine runs softer.
Diagnosing the belt is also not difficult. Its condition can even be assessed visually. If signs of wear are detected, the belt is simply changed. It is also recommended to change the timing belts upon reaching a certain resource.
With a fairly low price, both the belt itself and its replacement, it has long been in the category of consumables. The use of a belt drive allows the engine itself to be made both smaller and lighter. There are, however, obvious downsides.
Under the influence of temperatures, elasticity is lost, the ingress of water, oil, dust, reduces the resource and leads to the so-called aging. A broken belt can lead to a rather complicated and expensive repair.
What is better?
Having made a comparison, it is quite difficult to unambiguously answer the question. Manufacturers widely use both the first and second options. Volkswagen began to put a belt on almost all engines, and BMW remained more an adherent of a chain drive.
On some Audi engines the manufacturer uses both the chain and the belt at the same time. The belt controls one of the camshafts, and the chain synchronizes their work.
What type of timing your engine will have is not so important. The main thing to remember is that the belt is a consumable item, so it should be changed on time and only high-quality ones from well-known manufacturers should be used. The condition of the chain also needs to be monitored, and if the question arose of replacing it, then change it. In any case, the choice is yours, or rather, the manufacturer.
Perhaps this question is one of the ten most philosophical issues in the automotive industry, along with right and left hand drive, diesel and gasoline, "mechanics" and "automatic". Finally, we will put everything on the shelves for you.
Now the belt is trusted major automakers. It is put on the large V8 and V6 Volkswagen, Toyota and Opel, but the people still "roam the mood." So what are the pros and cons of the two drive options camshaft and what is the future?
The chain is not eternal. And darling
It would seem that the chain is a time-tested method, quite easy and not so expensive against the background of the price of the motor. Well noisy, but soundproofing modern machines stepped far forward, and in the cabin you often don’t hear the engine at all, and if you do, then the noise of the circuit is no longer distinguishable. Compare the noise of Volkswagen engines of the EA111 family - a 1.6-liter naturally aspirated and a 1.4-liter TSI. The chain on them is almost the same, but the noise level of the “aspirated” is not higher because of it.
In fact, the problem turned out to be quite different. The chain of the old motors was two-row - it really cannot be cut off immediately. Instead, it stretches and starts to make a lot of noise, but very rarely jumps one or two teeth along the drive gears.
Everything changed when the length of the motor became important parameter. In pursuit of increasing the volume of the cabin engine compartment began to shorten, and front wheel drive cars the motor was placed sideways. Under these conditions, the size of the chain also began to be reduced, from two or three rows it became a single row, and even very compact. Often the thickness of the timing chain of a V8 is no more than the thickness of a bicycle chain.
The width of the chain is important not only because the chain itself needs to be lightened, but also because it is in the engine's oil bath, and not outside, like a belt. This means that the cylinder block and block head must be longer exactly by the width of the chain. All this extra metal pulls on several kilograms. But too thin chain began to break.
Yes, it starts to make more noise before it finally gives up, but the chains are already making noise, against the background of the sound background of the engine, its death clang does not always stand out, and the sound insulation, as we have already said, is now much better than 20-30 years back.
Double-row chains could work when one of the branches broke, and the load on them was evenly distributed. There was less wear on the sprocket teeth, so that even when using less durable alloys, the chain could indeed be considered “eternal”. Actually up to overhaul engine, there was no need to worry about her condition.
But lightening the design and extending the life of the motor brought an unpleasant surprise, the chains became the same “consumables” that timing belts have always been considered to be. The resource of a modern chain is often no more than the resource of a belt, and the design with it is more complicated, noisier and more massive. At the same time, its replacement is much more expensive, and the diagnosis of the condition is more difficult.
Average replacement cost timing chain on four-cylinder engines exceeds 30 thousand rubles, which is about three times more than the cost of replacing the belt under the same conditions. The maximum cost of replacing the timing kit with V-shaped motors can reach hundreds of thousands of rubles, and in terms of complexity be comparable to a major overhaul - require the removal of the engine from the car, then the cylinder heads from it. You don't have to look far for examples. motor mercedes The M272 also distinguished itself by its extremely low timing resource.
So when buying a car with a chain motor, it is worth diagnosing the timing drive very carefully. By noise, by the working stroke of the tensioner rod, by the wear of dampers, if possible.
Why do chain motors still exist?
One gets the impression that the chain drive has continuous flaws. But if things were that bad, the belt would have supplanted him long ago. So what are the benefits? In the first place is complete protection from all external negative factors: ingress of water, snow, ice, low temperatures. The chain is not afraid of frost and heat, dust and other troubles that can affect the life of the belt.
Second important quality is the timing accuracy. The chain does not stretch under load - only over time due to wear, which means that the motor at high speeds will retain the exact installation of the shafts, which in turn is the key to maintaining good power characteristics at very high speeds.
The third plus is the resistance to local overloads several times higher than the nominal ones. That is, with a working tensioner, the chain will not jump from tooth to tooth, and the gas distribution phase will not be knocked down.
It should also be noted that on systems with variable timing timing, the phase shifters on chain-driven camshafts should not be sealed, which means they are simpler in design and more reliable. The secret is simple: the principle of operation of the phase shifters is based on the circulation of oil. The belt, as we know, is “afraid” of oil, but the chain is not.
Actually, that's where the positives end. To summarize: the resource of modern chains is hardly higher than belts, and in other cases even less. Add to this the high cost of replacement. Due to the high cost, it is rarely changed according to the regulations - only when they notice stretching, which reduces to zero potential advantage in reliability.
The hydraulic tensioner used in the chain drive does not work well at low oil pressure and can allow chain jumps during start-up and pressure surges, which means that it is poorly compatible with start-stop systems and adjustable oil pumps. At a minimum, the development of this node becomes more expensive, and the number of failures is greater. And very often the tensioner does not work during reverse rotation of the motor, for example, during some operations in the service or when the car is put into gear on a hill, in this case the chain easily jumps one or more teeth even when the motor starts ... in general, usually everything Badly.
Revenge of the belt
Oddly enough, the big undoubted advantage of the timing belt is its elasticity. It dampens torsional vibrations very well, which, on complex multi-cylinder engines, can greatly affect the resource of shaft beds and vibration loading.
It works absolutely silently. It can be quite long and well tightened by mechanical (rather than hydraulic) tensioners, without affecting the quality of the installation of the timing phases.
It does not require lubrication, it works equally well on a cold and hot engine, its resource is quite large and does not depend on the applied lubricants and oil pressure.
It is fairly easy to diagnose and replace without disassembling the engine block. It is cheap, and you can simply change it according to the regulations, like everyone else. Consumables, long before the resource is critically depleted. And finally, the engine with it has a more compact and lighter cylinder block.
Minuses? There are also disadvantages. As you might guess, vulnerability is the most important. The belt is afraid of water, oil and low temperatures. Belt materials are prone to aging, and belt life is expressed not only in thousands of kilometers, but also in years.
It is prone to slip when exceeded permissible load, for example, when the engine is suddenly turned over. When used on modern motors with phase shifters, the risk of oil getting on the belt increases. Previously, engines were common, on which the lack of reliability of the timing belt drive was structurally taken into account. When the belt breaks, the camshaft stops moving synchronously with the crankshaft. As a result, the pistons instantly hit the valves that remain in the "open" position.
On a number of engines, for example, on the VAZ-2105 and the entire VAZ-21083 family, grooves were made in the bottoms of the pistons in which the valves “left” at the time of the fatal collision. This was soon abandoned, since grooved pistons are not the best option in terms of combustion efficiency fuel-air mixture. That's why modern motors they are deprived of insurance, and, having forgotten to go through maintenance on time or saving on a belt, you can “get” to replace valves or more serious repairs if you bring the valve to destruction and tearing off its plate.
What is the result?
If you carefully compare the characteristics of the belt and chain, it turns out that we are talking about the opposition of stable high resource belt and the low cost of replacing it and a chain that is more resistant to some troubles, but at a higher price and greater dependence on the operating modes of the motor and lubrication.
So automakers are also constantly trying to find a balance between these sets of characteristics, and there is no clear trend. Volkswagen motors in the bottom price segment started using a belt instead of a failed chain, and the same belt is used on their biggest motors. And on the mid-size EA888 engines, the chain is still used, and it works quite well there. On some engines, the company even combined a belt and a chain, the chain was used to synchronize the rotation of two camshafts, and one of the shafts was driven by a belt, for example, on the ADR, AWT, AUG series.
Opel, along with the entire GM corporation, began to use a timing chain drive on all of their engines, even on the smallest ones. And all despite the fact that the mid-size L61-LTG engine family does not feature outstanding chain drive reliability. However, one of the pioneers of their use had no problems with belts either, the motors were also excellent.
BMW, on the other hand, now uses only chains on its engines, and with mixed success. Sometimes these are frankly unsuccessful lightweight designs, and sometimes the chain really lasts longer than the motor. WITH timing belt the company produced a quite successful M40 motor, and no one complained about reliability.
As you can see, it is impossible to predict which type of timing will be more reliable. It is necessary to compare a specific implementation, and often also take into account the probability of a designer's error and the peculiarities of operation.
Do not be afraid of the timing belt, it is really reliable, it just needs to be changed. Do not rely on the power of chains, they also fail, and replacement work is very expensive. Experience with grandfather's Zhiguli is useless in relation to modern cars. Be open to new things and do not limit your choice to technical conventions that you still do not fully understand.
Every driver must have at least once wondered what is better to choose - timing belt or chain. This question is one of the most popular, akin to a dispute about a mechanic and an automaton. Many car manufacturers are increasingly opting for a belt. It is put on Volkswagens, Toyotas and Opels with V8 and V6 engines.
However, the controversy among the people does not subside. In our material, we will try to dot all the and, to understand all the pros and cons regarding the most acceptable camshaft drive option.
Chain: features, life, replacement cost
If we talk about the chain, then this method has been tested for many years of operation, it is relatively light and, given the total cost of the engine, the chain will be an insignificant part of it. Of course, such an engine is very noisy. This is true. But after all, cars do not stand still, but develop, improving the sound insulation of the body and interior. Modern iron horses are so good that in most cases the noise of the motor is not heard at all, and if it is heard, it is not at all annoying. For example, engines from the Volkswagen EA111 series - a 1.6-liter naturally aspirated and a 1.4-liter TSI - have identical circuits installed on them, and the atmospheric one is much noisier. In this case, the problem is hidden deeper. In old motors, double-row chains were installed, because it was impossible to immediately break off this mechanism. But with wear, the chains stretched and created a lot of noise. At the same time, it rarely jumps a couple of teeth along the drive gears.
When they began to pay for the length of the motor Special attention, the situation has changed. To be able to increase the volume of the cabin, they began to reduce the engine compartment. On front wheel drive cars they began to install motors across. At the same time, they began to shorten the length of the chain. All chains became single-row and acquired good compactness. Now the thickness of the chain is even powerful engine comparable to the thickness of a bicycle chain.
Chain Width is important not only because there is a need to lighten the chain. Another factor is the position of the chain in the oil bath of the motor, inside the unit. Because of this, the block and cylinders and its head must be longer by the width of the chain. All this is extra metal, which makes the mechanism heavier. In addition, thin chains began to break frequently. Loud noise- one of the signs that the chain has begun to fail. The fact is that, along with the noise of the engine, the noise from the chain is not very expressive, so you can easily miss the moment when it suddenly breaks.
double row chains in this case were more profitable, because they could continue to work after the break of one branch, because the load on both branches was distributed more evenly. The teeth of the stars wore out more slowly, so if the chain was made of durable alloys, it could be considered "eternal". In this case, it was necessary to replace the chain only during the overhaul of the motor.
The tendency to lighten the design and the desire to extend has become the cause of new problems. Chains have lost their durability and no longer outlast timing belts. At the same time, the design with a chain is much more complicated than the analog with a belt, and replacing the chain is quite expensive, besides, diagnostics technical condition this detail is very complex.
The average cost of replacing a chain mechanism on a four-cylinder engine is at least $ 500, and replacing a timing belt will cost $ 150-200. Therefore, when buying a car with chain drive it is worth especially carefully diagnosing the timing drive. It is important to take into account all the nuances and check every little thing.
Why are chain motors still popular?
Someone may have an opinion that the chain mechanism is completely unsuitable and is a relic of the past. However, this is an erroneous opinion, because if it were true, the belt would have come to the fore long ago.
Chains have their advantages. The first and main advantage is full protection from any adverse external factors: contact with moisture and precipitation, exposure to temperatures. There will be nothing for the chain from frost and heat, dirt and snow, which the belt is afraid of. Second important advantage chains - accuracy in setting the timing phases. Under heavy loads the chain cannot be deformed, therefore, even at high speeds, the original installation of the shafts will be preserved in the motor. And this, in turn, can be called a guarantee of maintaining high power characteristics of the motor. The third advantage is good stability to periodic overloads, which rarely occur, but are many times stronger than the nominal ones. In such a situation, a serviceable chain tensioner will not jump from tooth to tooth, and the valve timing will not be disturbed.
It is important to understand that systems with variable timing timing must be equipped with simpler design phase shifters on camshafts with chain drive. They do not need sealing because the phase shifters work on the principle of oil circulation. The chain needs oil to operate, and the belt does not tolerate contact with this oily liquid.
Actually, these are all the advantages of a chain drive. To summarize: the resource of the chains modern type not much higher than belts, and in exceptional cases, belts show even greater performance. Given the high cost of replacing the chain. The price is a defining moment, so the chain is changed only in extreme cases, and this is quite dangerous. In this vein, the use of a belt looks more practical and safer.
In a chain drive, the hydraulic tensioner does not work well if the oil pressure is low, so chain jumping during start and sudden pressure drops can occur, which means it is not compatible with start and stop systems, as well as oil pumps that can be adjusted. This node is quite expensive to work out. It often happens that the tensioner malfunctions during the reverse rotation of the motor, for example, while performing any operations in a car service or when you put the car in gear uphill, in this case the chain will easily jump a couple of teeth, so during starting the engine, everything will end in tears.
Belt Benefits
One of the main advantages of the belt can be considered its ability to flex in different sides i.e. elasticity. This allows the drive to handle torsional vibrations, which are on multi-cylinder engines with a complex design can have a strong impact on the vibration load and the resource of the shaft beds.
Another advantage of the belt is its quiet operation. The belt is usually long enough to allow a good pull-up by the mechanical tensioner without affecting the timing settings. They do not need additional lubrication. The belt is able to work equally well on both a cold and a warm engine. The resource of the part does not depend in any way on the materials used for lubrication, as well as on oil pressure.
It is not difficult to diagnose a belt malfunction, and it is easy to replace it without even disassembling the engine block. Belt cheapness- another plus of the mechanism, besides, it can be easily replaced according to the regulations, without waiting for the critical level of wear of the part. Finally, thanks to the belt, the engine can be equipped with a more compact and lighter cylinder block.
Belt disadvantages
Of course, the belt, like any other mechanism, has its drawbacks. One of the biggest is vulnerability. Sadly, the belt is afraid of oil, water and cold weather. The materials from which the belts are made are prone to aging, and the belt life is measured not in kilometers, but in years. So if the car was in the garage, the belt still gets old and fails.
If you increase the load on the belt to the limit, it may slip. This also applies to a sharp twist of the engine. When the belts are installed on latest engines, this increases the risk of oil getting on the belt. Previously, motors were widespread, the design of which assumed protection from the lack of reliability of the timing belt drive. If the belt suddenly breaks, camshaft immediately ceases to move synchronously with the crankshaft. Because of this, the pistons will immediately begin to hit the valves that have remained in the "open" position.
Summing up
What to choose? If we compare all the characteristics of the chain and the belt, weigh all the pros and cons, in the end it turns out that these two mechanisms oppose the stability and quality of the belt life and affordable price to replace it, and a chain that is more resistant to adverse effects, the replacement of which is quite expensive, and the work largely depends on the lubrication and operating modes of the motor.
Car manufacturers are constantly looking for the right solution. Two sets of characteristics compete with each other, so there is no preponderance for one of the parties. Opinions usually differ. Volkswagen engines in the most affordable price segment most often use a belt, and not bad chain. Even on the most powerful motors German automaker also cost belts.
The medium-sized EA888 engines still use a chain mechanism, which works quite successfully there. Sometimes the masters of Volkswagen even combined the two mechanisms. In this case, the chain was used to synchronize the rotation of two camshafts, and one of them was driven by a belt.
Opel, together with General Motors, now use timing chain drive for all engines, including the smallest ones. Even in spite of only the relative reliability of the chain drive of the medium-sized engine family. However, the manufacturer had no problems with the belts.
There is a category of potential car owners who are interested in a list of cars with a timing chain drive. Some people are interested in this before buying a car, others are interested just out of curiosity. Long gone is the time when only the chain served as a transmission link for rotation from crankshaft to the timing gear in the cylinder head.
After the advent of high-quality timing belts, they began to gradually forget about it. But there are still a huge number of cars with her running around highways different countries peace.
The list of cars with a timing chain drive will also be useful to those who categorically refuse to use such machines. Belt transmission, as well as chain transmission, have their advantages and disadvantages, knowledge of which will help determine final choice timing drive. The purpose of the article was not to advertise something, it is purely for informational purposes, so that car owners and everyone who is interested in it understand what it is.
About the features of using the chain
Probably, there are still such drivers who do not quite understand the purpose of this link in the gas distribution mechanism. In order to make it more clear the purpose of the circuit in it, let's recall the principle of operation automobile motors. Working cylinder after filling working mixture not yet ready to ignite. Before this, the air-fuel mixture is compressed by the movement of the piston to the top dead center.
The compression ratio of modern machines is 12 units or more, which means that the working volume of the cylinder is reduced several times. After ignition, the gases from the burnt air-fuel mixture push the piston to bottom dead center. In order for these gases to leave the volume of the working cylinder, the piston moves up again. At this time, the opening exhaust valve for passing exhaust gases into the system for removing them from the working cylinder. This whole cycle is possible due to the transmission of rotational motion from the crankshaft to the camshaft.
Chain Drive Cars
- And Opel Corsa except ;
- Mazda 6 model year before 2006 also successfully travels on the roads;
- Volkswagen Jetta 1.6 also applies to such vehicles;
- Toyota Avensis with a 1.8-liter engine and 129 hp, as well as all vvt-i engines, abandoned the belt;
- Nissan, where vg, gg, sr, gr engines are installed;
- Honda, its Fit, Mobilio, Airwave models ignore belt drive;
- Mercedes-Benz, whose engines have a volume of more than 1.8 liters;
- Audi, but only V6, belongs to this class of cars;
- BMW, engines with a volume of more than 2.0 liters;
- Volga, Moskvich, the first VAZ models, except for the VAZ 2105, are the heirs of the old drive, but continue to serve their owners with success.
Advantages and disadvantages
Cars with such a mechanism are used among taxi drivers and drivers who want to save money on maintenance their cars. If we talk about the advantages of such a mechanism, then the following facts should be noted:
- A long period of work before replacement, for some models it is 300 thousand kilometers or more. special care other than
- pulling the chain, it is not required;
- High reliability during operation;
- There is no need to seal the device from engine oil;
- High accuracy of setting the valve timing.
Enough long period The distribution of the chain in the timing drive is facilitated by factors of its reliability and durability. It is less prone to stretching than a belt drive. The use of modern high-precision equipment and new technologies has made it the undisputed leader in step accuracy. It was possible to achieve a reduction in noise performance for "silent" circuits.
Such a transmission must constantly work in contact with the lubricant, which is supplied to the area of \u200b\u200bits work through channels in the cylinder block and block head. Violations in the operation of the engine lubrication system significantly reduce the working life of such a timing drive.
Today, the production of chain-driven machines by many world giants is still ongoing. automotive industry. The list of cars with timing chain drive confirms this. The use of high quality materials and modern technologies, made it possible to bring the service life of the circuit equal to the service life power unit, but with the indispensable implementation of all recommendations of the manufacturer.
