How to rebuild on the road in transport? How to change lanes correctly.

16.04.2019

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Topic 10. Start of movement, maneuvering (SDA, chapter 8). Changes and turns.

Rebuild Rules

One of the main maneuvers is rebuilding. With it, the vehicle changes the occupied lane to the adjacent one. If there is no solid marking line, rebuilding is performed to advance, overtake, bypass, stop, before turning and turning around, or for a more convenient location of the car on the roadway.

When rebuilding, the driver must comply with all the rules of maneuvering. The sequence of actions for rebuilding is as follows:

control of the situation behind through the central rear-view mirror;
give way to all vehicles driving in the adjacent lane with more high speed without changing lanes. If we are talking about avoiding an obstacle, when the adjacent lane is occupied, it is necessary to reduce the speed up to a complete stop;
the inclusion of appropriate direction indicators;
inspection of the adjacent lane through the external rear-view mirror to make sure that there are no overtaking vehicles;
rebuilding to the adjacent lane after the final certification that the maneuver will not interfere with other vehicles;
turn off turn signals.

The safety of changing lanes to an adjacent lane can be ensured by a slight acceleration. Slowing down during a lane change or immediately after may result in shortages stopping distance for a vehicle driving behind in the event of a risk of collision. That is why, if there is not enough free space, it is not worth rebuilding on it.

It should also be remembered that the adjacent lane is clearly visible in the rear-view mirror only when the vehicle is strictly along the road, and not at an angle to it. Accordingly, the next rebuilding should be started only after full alignment on the strip after the previous maneuver. Changeover to multi-lane road diagonally across two or three lanes, it can lead to the entry of vehicles, the path of which is crossed by the driver, into the “dead zone”, and hence an accident with all the ensuing consequences.

According to paragraph 8.4. SDA. a driver changing lanes or into an adjacent lane must necessarily give way to those vehicles that are moving straight along them.

The situation when two vehicles moving side by side start changing lanes at the same time - one to the right, the other to the left - is called mutual rearrangement. Such cars perform the same maneuvers and are in the same conditions. However, there is a rule that establishes the sequence of maneuvering and excludes the threat of a collision.

Rule "interference on the right"

Participants on an equal footing traffic they can appear not only during rebuilding, but also at the intersection of equivalent intersections, in the yard, in the parking lot, etc. In any case, one of them will be to the left, and the other to the right. Clause 8.9. The SDA describes the rule in this way. A driver who has an obstacle on the right in the form of another vehicle is obliged to give way to him. That vehicle, on the contrary, is given an advantage in movement. This rule also valid for simultaneous rebuilding two vehicles moving in the same direction. The most important condition for the application of this installation is the equal rights of the vehicle for further movement. In unequal conditions, when, according to the Rules, one vehicle has an advantage in driving over another, for example, if there are main and secondary roads at the intersection, when entering the road from the adjacent territory, in situations where one vehicle is standing and the other is moving, it is not used .

Making turns

This issue is set out in paragraphs 8.5.-8.7. SDA, the requirements of which are mainly related to multi-lane roads, since if there is only one lane for traffic, all maneuvers are performed from it. On a wider road, the question becomes relevant, from which lane should you move in the right direction in order to prevent collisions with other vehicles. Clause 8.5. The rules say that a U-turn and a left turn must be carried out from such a position that no one on the roadway could be to the left of the driver. The same statement applies to turning right. Accordingly, the left turn and U-turn are performed from the leftmost lane, the right turn - from the leftmost lane. The middle lanes are for driving in forward direction. The leftmost and rightmost lanes can also be used for driving straight ahead.

The above movement order is in effect by default unless otherwise specified. Deviation from the general rule is allowed in such situations. First of all, if there are signs in front of the intersection 5.15.1. "Lane Directions" , 5.15.2. "Directions of movement along the lane", as well as when drawing marking arrows 1.18. Such signs or markings take into account the shape of a particular intersection, throughput roads, the intensity of traffic flows. They can give drivers instructions that are contrary to the general rule, for example, to allow turning from two or three lanes at the same time, to prohibit movement in a certain direction. However, if U-turns are permitted from the leftmost lane following the left-pointing arrow, U-turns from the middle lanes of the carriageway are always prohibited.

The general rule for making turns does not apply when entering a roundabout. Since the roundabout is always directed counterclockwise, all vehicles entering the circle make a right turn. When it is performed only from the extreme right lane, the remaining lanes located to the left will be free all the time, but a congestion forms before the intersection. Since all vehicles turn in the same direction, entering the circle from multiple passing lanes at the same time does not cause an accident.

However, the concept of entry to roundabout and exit from it are different. When leaving, drivers must observe general rule, namely, turn right only from the rightmost lane.

Particular attention should be paid to the position of the vehicle after the turn. In clause 8.6. The rules say that drivers must turn in such a way that at the end of the maneuver they will not be on oncoming lane.

At the same time, at the intersection of carriageways, it is permissible to move along any trajectory. But getting to the section of the road adjacent to the intersection, the vehicle must keep to the right side of the carriageway. Otherwise, the risk of an accident increases significantly, a collision may occur with those traveling on a cross road towards the intersection. Clause 8.6. also additionally informs that a right turn, started as a general rule from the rightmost lane, must end in the rightmost lane. In a situation where turning is allowed from several lanes, then from the second row you should turn into the second row, from the third - into the third. The lanes are counted from the right edge of the carriageway. Thus, the rightmost lane is the first, located to the left of it is the second, and so on.

When making a left turn, the vehicle may be located in any lane with driver's side roadway. As for the turn, its trajectory depends on the dimensions of the vehicle, the turning radius, as well as the width of the median on roads with two carriageways.

Obviously, the traffic rules describe the procedure for making turns in great detail. However, in real traffic conditions it is often difficult and even impossible to fulfill all the requirements of the Rules. The reason for this may be an obstacle on the way or parked cars in narrow streets. In such cases, clause 8.7. allows you to start a turn in the wrong lane. In this case, the following conditions must be met:

the driver must not interfere with other road users;
the safety of the maneuver must be ensured;
The vehicle must not be in the oncoming lane.

Use of this rule is allowed only if there is a good reason. In all other situations, it is forbidden to violate the established norms for making turns, even in the absence of obvious harm.

Left turn features

You can turn left not only at the intersection, but also on the section of the road between two adjacent intersections. Before making a maneuver towards the territory adjacent to the road on the left, you should take the extreme left position on your half of the carriageway. Even on a two-lane road with one lane for traffic in passing direction you need to press against its left edge, directly to the centerline of the markup. Otherwise, the vehicle may try to make a detour on the left, which will inevitably lead to an accident.

Clause 8.8. says that after right position on the carriageway, it is necessary to give way to all road users whose path will be crossed when entering the adjacent territory, namely:

pedestrians following the sidewalk and the roadside;
oncoming vehicle;
trams moving in the same and opposite directions.

It is also worth remembering that on a two-lane road there is a high probability of overtaking by another driver in the oncoming lane. It is for this reason that even if there is a free oncoming lane, before turning to the left, it is necessary to look into the outside mirror. In the event of an accident, not only the other driver will be guilty, since the safety of the maneuver was not ensured and an obstacle was created to other road users.

Any driver who slows down or stops on the roadway to let oncoming vehicles pass can be the victim of a rear-end collision. That is why you should not turn the steering wheel in advance to turn left. Since after a rear impact, a car with turned wheels will roll out into the oncoming lane with all the ensuing consequences. With the wheels of the car set in the forward direction, it will be thrown forward, where there is no one. The consequences of such an accident are usually minimal.

Acceleration and deceleration lanes

The requirements of the 8th chapter of the SDA are the same for all roads. However, most maneuvers have to be done in the city. The driver needs to change lanes, turn, etc. Moving outside the city, the direction of driving is changed less often. The speed is traffic flow, on the contrary, is much higher than on city streets. On country roads, the following problem may arise. A driver who wants to turn off and slows down to do this, delays behind him the vehicles that continue to move in the forward direction.

Many roads have special additional braking lanes. They help you avoid delays along the way. The road shortly before the turn widens by one lane - an additional deceleration lane. Clause 8.10. requires drivers who are about to perform a maneuver to change lanes to such a lane without slowing down, and then, being already on it, begin to slow down. The strip is long enough to carry out these actions without haste. Thus, the maneuvering vehicle does not prevent other traffic participants from driving along the remaining lanes without changing speed.

Clause 8.10. also regulates the reverse situation with the acceleration band. After turning and exiting big road The vehicle, not having time to pick up speed, is not moving fast enough. In order not to be a hindrance to vehicles traveling and overtaking from behind, it is necessary:

turn into the acceleration lane from the adjoining road;
move along the lane, gradually increasing the speed;
assess the situation in the adjacent lane using an external mirror;
looking in the mirror, choose in the flow of vehicles traveling in the adjacent lane a gap for “wedging” when changing lanes;
calculate the speed of movement so that the selected interval by the end of the acceleration lane is next to your car;
by the time of rebuilding, the speed of the vehicle should approximately equal the speed of the main traffic flow;
rebuilding should be done without interfering with anyone.

Auxiliary acceleration and deceleration lanes can be equipped at the entrance to parking lots, public transport stops, and turning points on roads with a dividing strip. When driving past such places on the main lanes of the roadway, you must be vigilant and careful.

Traffic Laws:

8.4. When rebuilding, the driver must give way to vehicles moving along the same way without changing direction. At the same time rebuilding Vehicle passing, the driver must give way to the vehicle on the right.

Traffic Laws:

8.8. When turning left or making a U-turn outside the intersection, the driver of a trackless vehicle is obliged to give way to oncoming vehicles and a tram of the same direction.

Traffic Laws:

8.9. In cases where the trajectories of vehicles intersect, and the order of passage is not specified by the Rules, the driver must give way to whom the vehicle is approaching from the right.

The question concerns the implementation of the maneuver to change lanes (rebuilding) within the boundaries of the intersection, i.e. directly at the intersection of the carriageways. The traffic situations on which this question arose were different, they differed from each other in the organization of travel, but they all had one thing in common: there were facts of rebuilding cars in the traffic flow directly at the intersection. And, in fact, the question is: who in this case enjoys the advantage, and who will be to blame in the event of an accident.

It is interesting that when the inspector arrives at the scene of an accident that happened for the above reason and begins to analyze the circumstances of the accident, then often an innocent driver may be guilty if he cannot prove his innocence. This is the reality, it is not enough to be right, you still need to prove your innocence and be ready to defend it in court. But it is best to NOT allow the incident to occur in the first place, i.e. try to avoid accidents.

An intersection is a place where roads intersect at the same level, and the number of lanes at the entrance to the intersection does not always coincide with their number at the exit from the intersection. For example, as an option, let's take the situations depicted in the extreme figures.

When there is such a mismatch in the forward direction, and this is, in fact, a narrowing of the lanes (for example, three lanes at the entrance, and two or one at the exit), then there is a possibility of conflict at the exit of the intersection. How does this happen?

A driver moving “straight” through the intersection along the lane that was middle at the entrance to the intersection, and at the exit becomes the extreme left, suddenly finds that another car is crowding (cutting) him on the left side. The reason for this behavior is not important, the fact itself is important.

What is left for him to do? If he notices someone else's maneuver in time, then in order to avoid a collision, he can move to the right, but, usually, someone is also driving on the right. And this "someone" is driving in his lane and he has an advantage ()! A tense situation is created. Well, if the driver does not notice the "overtaking", then anything is possible. One of similar situations considered in the article.

Similar situations arise at the intersections of multi-lane roads, where there is no narrowing of the lanes. The area of the intersection is large and the situation allows you to get ahead of your fellow traveler (no matter which side, right or left) and change lanes.

As we all understand, the travel time through controlled intersection limited by the "length" of the permissive traffic signal, and if there is an opportunity to get ahead, then many do so. Perhaps they are sure that no one will catch up with them. Often, such advances end with the fact that the "fellow travelers" touch their sides, and then find out for a long time which of them is right and which is not.

How not to be in a similar situation? Similar cases, and in general, all traffic situations should be considered from two sides: from the point of view of the Rules and from the point of view of traffic safety (or personal safety, as you wish). The point is to prevent (foresee) emergency without going beyond the rules of the road. To do this, you should constantly monitor the traffic situation around your car, and adjust your movement.

Traffic direction signs on the lanes installed in front of the intersection, as well as equivalent to them, extend their effect to the entire intersection. This means that if the direction “straight” is determined along the lane, then the movement should be carried out only “straight”. Not to the side, not obliquely, but directly, because "obliquely" is already different.

If the direction along the lane is determined or , then the movement must be carried out taking into account the requirements.

Rebuilding (moving from one lane to another) must be carried out in accordance with, i.e. The one who changes lanes gives way, and regardless of where the lane change takes place: at the intersection or. But the requirement of paragraph 8.4 is often ignored by drivers, and often, after a collision, the participants cannot come to an agreement, since everyone considers himself right.

Disagreements are based on different reasons, but the main difficulty is that due to the lack of marking 1.7, which defines the boundaries of the lanes within the intersection, the traffic lanes directly at the intersection exist, as it were, conditionally. Everyone's eye and sense of space is different, and at intersections with a large intersection area, there is a high probability of inadvertent deviation from the route from one's own lane to an adjacent lane.

But regardless of the driver's intention, a lane change is nothing more than a lane change, and the lane change rules are set out in. The same rebuilding rules are also valid for roads without markings, i.e. either the road markings have been erased and are not visible, or they were never there.

If an accident occurs at an intersection in passing traffic, then the culprit should be determined based on the nature of the collision (side or behind in distance), based on the participants' observance of the traffic lane, lane change rules, interval, etc. In any case, the analysis of the accident should be objective. Well, if you do not agree with the decision of the inspector, then it makes sense to reflect your disagreement in the protocol and contact the higher authority.

To avoid an accident, first of all, you need to understand the probability of this very accident in this particular situation, i.e. you should look at the road and predict from which side the danger may appear. To do this, of course, you need to see and control the situation around the car. And when you have a common understanding traffic situation, then it is easier for you to prepare for various surprises.

For example, you understand that there is almost always the possibility of “pandemonium” on a narrowing road, and if there is enough space in front of your car on the roadway, then someone will definitely wedge into this place, and no matter how this happens. You can be culturally bypassed, or they can be brazenly cut.

Since you understand this possibility of development of events, it means that you are ready for them, and take all precautions in advance. If you need to add "gas" - feel free to "gas", if it is advisable to slow down and skip forward - slow down and give way. Those. act for your own purposes according to the situation, and thus, keep it under control.

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14 comments

Alexander
Question: if the intersection is displaced?
Three lanes at the exit and three lanes at the entrance, only if you drive straight from the middle lane you get to the extreme left at the exit from the intersection. and from the extreme left, you need to get to the extreme left, only shifting to the right. Often there are cars. Who has the advantage in this area?
Sergey D.
Hello, Alexander.
From the left lane should go to the left, from the middle - to the middle, from the right - to the right. The shift of the lanes does not play a role, but this feature must be taken into account while driving.
In the case you described, the participant from the middle lane is rebuilt from the middle lane to the left, therefore, he is obliged to yield to the “left” participant (). This is how the rules should be. Otherwise, he squeezes the “leftist” into the oncoming lane, and he himself does not even know about it.
But it is one thing to determine the culprit after an accident, and quite another not to collide. You cannot convince everyone to follow the Rules, therefore, knowing the peculiarity of this displaced intersection, you need to constantly monitor the movement of neighboring participants.
If the cars in this section often fight, it makes sense to reorganize the traffic from the left lane - only to the left, but this is already the work of the traffic police.

Situation: There are two lanes before the intersection, there are no signs prescribing the direction of movement. There is no marking after the stop line either. There is only one lane after the intersection. It looks like the one who is driving on the left lane is going straight (accurately into the only lane), and the one who is driving on the right lane is resting on the sidewalk.

Question: The car in which lane will have the right of way and why (traffic rules). Thank you!

Sergey D.
Hello Sergey.
In order for a car moving along the right lane to the intersection to enter the only lane at the exit from it, it should change lanes to the left so as not to drive onto the sidewalk.
There are no lane signs. In accordance with (yields to the one who changes lanes), the driver of this car (from the right lane) at the exit from the intersection must give way to a neighbor who is driving to his left (on the left lane to the intersection).
The rebuilding rule, which is dictated by , is valid regardless of the presence of lane markings on the road, but in this case, in the event of a collision, it is very difficult to prove which of the participants rebuilt and who moved as if "straight" without resorting to rebuilding.
ggg
Situation: before the intersection there are 3 lanes, where it is prescribed for the left to go straight or to the left, for the middle one only straight ahead, for the right only to the right. After passing the intersection, there are 2 lanes, but at the same time I drive straight and in the middle one, and on the left the driver rests on the oncoming lane of cars and tries to enter my lane, while the right lane is free, because. the right ones only go to the right.
Who will be guilty if I do not yield? I am attaching a link from google maps.
Sergey D.
Hello.
According to the traffic pattern through the intersection, the left and middle lanes before the intersection correspond to the left and right lanes after the intersection. In reality, after the intersection, the lanes are slightly shifted to the right, but this does not change anything.
Accordingly, the movement from the middle lane "to" to left lane"after" is rebuilding. When rebuilding, the one who rebuilds (), therefore, in the process of resolving the dispute will proceed from this rule.
It is advisable to put the question not “who will be to blame”, but “how not to collide” in these circumstances.
When there are “neighbors” on the left lane before the intersection, and it doesn’t immediately become clear to you in which direction they will go, then it is advisable to keep to the right from the middle lane in order to take the right lane after the intersection. Further - according to the situation. Then you don't have to argue with the driver driving "straight" in the left lane.
Alexei
About rebuilding at the crossroads, this question worries me more. For example, I turn on main road left on unregulated. There are 2 lanes in each direction, the left is free, cars go on the right. I turn to the left. And at that moment, some kind of smart guy at the intersection decided to change lanes from the right lane to the left. And what? I will be to blame. And if you wait until both lanes are free, you will never leave at all. Why not ban lane changes at the intersection.
Sergey D.
Hello Alexey.
The introduction of a ban on changing lanes at the intersection would be logical, especially since there is a requirement to take an appropriate position on the roadway before the maneuver.
But this question should be asked to the drafters of the SDA.
Eugene
Hello. There are five lanes in front of the intersection, regulated by the signs of the intersection, I was in the third lane, in which traffic is only straight, the second lane is straight and to the right, from the first it is only to the right, and after the intersection the lanes are shifted to the right. If I go straight, I get into the fourth lane, and who was in the second lane will fall into the third lane, so I went into the third lane and the one who was in the second lane went into the third lane, because. she trajectory him directly.
Here in the third strip we met. It seems that I also drove into my lane, and right there I have a hindrance on the right, who is right in this situation?
Sergey D.
Hello Eugene.
Traffic direction signs on the lanes are valid for the entire intersection, regardless of whether they are displaced at the exit from the intersection or not. Your opponent, who is on the right, actually changed lanes to the left, thereby having to give way to you.
Disagreements arise because the lanes within the intersection are not marked, and the requirement "straight" is understood and implemented by people in different ways.
Victoria Sh
Situation. white car and the traffic police car stand on two lanes on a one-way road.
One-way traffic ends and two-way traffic begins. The white car needs to move into the right lane. Both cars started moving towards the green light. In the footsteps you can see how the cars behave.
Then the white car stops to let you through. Then the driver of the traffic police car also presses the brake, although he continues to shine green and there are no obstacles to his movement.
The white car speeds up to continue changing lanes, but the traffic police car also speeds up, giving him no opportunity to change lanes. The white car presses the brake again to let them pass, but the traffic police car also presses the brake, preventing them from changing lanes.
Conclusion in the article: If you need to add "gas" - feel free to "gas", if it is advisable to slow down and skip ahead - slow down and give way. But in this situation, accelerate or slow down - the traffic police car did not miss in any way.
Sergey D.
Hello Victoria.

Good afternoon. Worn topic. Crossroads. There are two lanes to the intersection. Marked with markings right - straight and to the right. Left - straight ahead. There is one lane after the intersection. From the left lane, cars drive in a straight line. They fall into the only lane behind the intersection. Cars from the right lane will hit the pavement when driving in a straight line. To continue moving, they need to move significantly to the left.
Who in this case has an advantage? In front of the intersection, lane markings have been applied to the asphalt.
Sergey D.
Hello Andrei.
The driver on the left lane has the advantage, since he does not change the direction of his movement (does not change lanes). The car that goes “straight” along the right lane, in order to get into the only lane after the intersection, is forced to move to the left (rebuild). And when rebuilding, he must give way to the neighbor on the left, because he is driving without changing his direction ().
In such cases, they usually hang over the strip not “straight and right”, but “to the left and right”, i.e. the straight arrow points obliquely to the left. Then the direction of movement becomes clear, and the priority of questions no longer causes - shifting (rebuilding) at the intersection, you must give way.

Today, especially in a dizzying rhythm big city, the car really became conventional means movement, which saves a lot of time and effort. It is used for business trips or travel to long distance, by car makes a daily journey to and from work, and even goes to the store, hairdresser, laundry. On each route, the motorist performs dozens of maneuvers. One of the most common is rebuilding.

Traffic safety statistics show that lane change is one of the most difficult and dangerous maneuvers(inferior in terms of overtaking in the oncoming lane), and in terms of the frequency of accidents far exceeds most others. Such accidents often do not lead to serious consequences, but in order to avoid injuries and costly repairs, you need to know how to change lanes correctly and safely. different situations. A solid knowledge is especially necessary for a beginner who does not have sufficient driving experience in difficult traffic conditions.

Traffic rules for restructuring.

All actions of the driver in any situation are regulated current rules road traffic. Rebuilding is no exception.

SDA considers rebuilding as a change in lane without changing its direction. It may be necessary to perform it in various cases:

reduction in the number of traffic lanes;
the presence of an obstacle, immovable ( standing car, accident site) or moving (for example, a vehicle whose speed is minimal);
the need to change the speed of movement in the stream, associated with the transition to a faster lane, etc.

In any case, the rules require the driver to perform a certain sequence of actions. They are regulated by paragraphs 8.1, 8.4 of the SDA.

Clause 8.1 talks about what needs to be done before and during maneuvering. According to him, the main thing that drivers should focus on is:

inform the participants of the intention to perform a maneuver - to signal with direction indicators or in other ways, for example, by hand.
ensure traffic safety;
not interfere with other participants.

Clause 8.4 indicates the priority that vehicles that become participants in the situation when maneuvering have.

any car moving along its lane without changing direction of movement has an advantage over a rebuilding car;
when performing a maneuver at the same time, the priority right belongs to the vehicle on the right.

In fact, using these 2 points, you can consider all situations that arise during rebuilding.

Lane change at a specific road stop.

In order to rebuild and not create an emergency situation, the driver has to take into account the real traffic situation. In each case, the maneuver has certain features.

Lane change from left to right.

Such maneuvering is the most understandable case, which does not allow for discrepancies. According to clause 8.4 of the SDA, all vehicles that are moving in their own lane and that have started rebuilding at the same time have an advantage over those performing such an action.

Accordingly, the driver is obliged to turn on the right turn indicator, let all the vehicles pass, only then complete the maneuver, taking up free space in the right lane.

Rebuilding in the left lane on the right.

The situation in this case is not so clear. The driver is obliged to yield to those who carry out the movement without changing the row. Before the participants, rebuilding to the right, he has an advantage, and, accordingly, the right to finish the maneuver first.

Theoretically it looks quite simple, in practice there are many factors to consider.

A signal informing about maneuvering should be given when there was an intention to rebuild, and not at the time of the start active action. An early warning will allow other participants to receive information in advance about a potential change in the situation, prepare for it, consider and take their own responses (for example, make room for a car changing lanes).
First of all, you need to control the situation in front of the car. It is not uncommon for a driver to focus on what is happening in the next row, losing sight of an obstacle in the direction of travel or a vehicle in front. Waiting for the right moment to maneuver can be delayed, in which case the distance to the obstacle will be reduced to a critical value (especially dangerous if the vehicle in front starts to slow down), which is fraught with an emergency.
Looking in the rearview mirror and side mirrors it is necessary to evaluate not only the availability of free space in the next row, which the driver intends to occupy, but also the speed of cars moving in it, the behavior of the participants in the situation.

There may be several options for the development of events.

Changeover to an empty lane. The easiest and safest maneuver. After turning on the turn signal and assessing the situation ahead, the steering wheel is turned, the space in the adjacent row is occupied without slowing down.
The car behind in the adjacent lane moves at the same speed, and there is enough free space on the lane to complete the maneuver. The situation makes it possible to rebuild without slowing down.
The speed of the car coming behind in the right lane slightly exceeds the speed of the one intending to change lanes, and there is enough free space in front. When rebuilding, it is recommended to accelerate a little and then take a place in the desired lane.
A similar situation, but the speed of the vehicle following behind significantly exceeds the speed of the manoeuvring. In this case, it is worth skipping the car and moving into the free space behind it. It is also possible to slow down a little before the maneuver so that the car in the next lane moves forward faster.

All of these options are good with a relatively free road. Maneuver in dense stream or in a traffic jam is much more difficult to perform. Here, success depends on the actions of the driver who is going to fulfill it, the intentions of other road users to contribute to this, for example, to provide free space in their row. Accordingly, it is necessary to carefully monitor their behavior. Timely signaling is of paramount importance. Since a flashing turn signal in such an environment indicates a possible complication of the situation, drivers, as a rule, react adequately and try to help a colleague.

Despite the difficulty of rebuilding, especially in tense traffic conditions, you need to perform the maneuver confidently - fear on the road is harmful, uncertainty and throwing will greatly complicate the situation, make it more dangerous.
To fit into an adjacent row of vehicles should be under acute angle This makes it easier to maintain speed and a safe distance.
Before changing lanes, it is recommended to pick up the speed at which movement is carried out in the desired lane.
In your lane, you should move as far to the right as possible (closer to the marking line or the edge of the road). This frees extra space to perform maneuvers by the driver himself and other road users.

It should be remembered that in a situation where cars occupy several lanes, the number of which is greater than the number of lanes (the situation in megacities, especially in traffic jams, is not uncommon), vehicles moving above the dividing line of the marking are considered (in the event of an accident) as being rebuilt, which entails appropriate assessment of the actions of drivers.

Video lessons from the autoinstructor.

Experienced drivers do not even think about changing lanes. They perform maneuvers automatically. But many of them violate the rules of the road and one of these lane changes can best case end with a fine, at worst -.

Dear readers! The article talks about typical ways to solve legal issues, but each case is individual. If you want to know how solve exactly your problem- contact a consultant:

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To avoid unpleasant consequences, the maneuver must be performed according to the rules, which you will learn about later.

Definition

Rebuilding is a maneuver that involves leaving the occupied lane or lane while maintaining the original direction of movement.

If to speak in simple terms, a lane change is a lane change performed to overtake, turn or otherwise maneuver.

In this case, the maneuver must be carried out taking into account road markings, which becomes problematic in bad weather conditions.

Yes, on snow covered road it is impossible to see the markings, which leads to violations and doubts about the correct execution of the maneuver.

The main road marking that establishes a ban on rebuilding is a solid line. On the stripes passing traffic it is rare, mainly in tunnels and on the bridge. But still, you should pay attention to the solid lines so as not to lose your rights for several months.

Where is prohibited and where is not

Most of the small accidents occur due to improper rebuilding of the vehicle. Drivers do not maneuver incorrectly, allowing a collision with another car.

To reduce the number of accidents on the roads, the traffic rules included rules for rebuilding in different situations so that drivers can safely change lanes.

At the crossroads

One of FAQ among drivers - whether it is allowed to change lanes at intersections. Most of the bans apply specifically to this section of the road, since there is a very high risk of collision with cars moving in a parallel direction.

The SDA does not prohibit rebuilding at the entrance to the intersection. Moreover, this section of the road is considered to be omnidirectional, so such concepts as main and secondary roads are excluded, except for those sections where signs are installed.

Of course, it is better to think about rebuilding in advance, having determined the lane for yourself. If this is not done, then you can rebuild already at the intersection.

At the same time, it is important not to forget that the cars on the right are always a priority. Therefore, first of all, you need to skip them, and then maneuver.

But when rebuilding, it must be borne in mind that, according to paragraph 11.4 of the SDA, overtaking is prohibited at intersections. And it is quite difficult to do without it after the restructuring.

Therefore, the only right decision will be early maneuvering to the desired lane:

At the pedestrian crossing

As in the situation with the intersection, there is no prohibition on maneuvering at a pedestrian crossing. But it is not allowed to overtake all according to the same rule No. 11.4.

However, the issue of rebuilding at a pedestrian crossing should be considered from a logical point of view. The crossing is quite narrow, so with all his desire, the driver will not be able to complete the maneuver without stopping the vehicle on the zebra.

Therefore, in order to avoid unnecessary questions from the traffic police inspectors, it is worth maneuvering behind the transition.

On Bridge

Another one typical problem drivers - is it possible to change lanes on the bridge. Referring again to the paragraph of traffic rules, you can understand that overtaking is prohibited on the bridge. But there is not a word about restructuring.

However, it is allowed to rebuild only if there is no marking prohibiting this maneuver.

On the ring

The same rule applies to the ring. If there is no solid line, then you can change lanes, always passing cars that are moving along the lane where the driver plans to change lanes.

You need to do this maneuver before leaving the ring so that you do not have to stand in the right lane in order to turn left.

in the tunnel

When driving in the tunnels you can see road markings. A solid line indicates that it is forbidden to change lanes. This rule is connected with the difference in temperature regimes.

So when on the street subzero temperature, at the entrance to the tunnel it rises sharply, which worsens the adhesion of the wheels to the road.

The situation is similar in the summer version. And this creates a high risk of collision with a car that is moving in the same direction.

Otherwise, you will have to pay a fine. But it is even worse that such a maneuver threatens serious accident, since the speed of cars on such a section of the road is usually above average and get off small scratches on the body will not work.

Rebuild Rules

In order to properly rebuild without violating traffic rules, several rules should be considered:

When planning to rebuild, you need to make sure that there is no solid line that prohibits this maneuver.
Before starting the rebuilding, the turn signal must be turned on. Drivers need to know which way the car is heading.
When rebuilding, you need to let pass all the cars that are moving along their lane without maneuvering.
If several cars are rebuilt at once, then only those who drive on the right need to pass.
The vehicle speed is reduced and the distance to the vehicle is calculated to avoid a collision.
Be sure to take into account the speed of the car that moves along the adjacent lane in order to get on the other side and prevent a collision with a car that will be behind.

Cannot be applied emergency braking if cars are moving behind. The speed decreases smoothly, and then you can rebuild. It is important to think about the maneuver in advance, starting the rebuilding in advance.

Drivers of other vehicles are notified of the planned maneuver by turning on the turn signals.

Who should give way to whom on the lanes on the track

The driver of the car who plans to rebuild must yield. He first passes all the cars and only then rebuilds. It is important to choose a safe trajectory of movement in order to avoid a collision.

When changing lanes, you need to look in the mirrors so that other drivers do not have to apply emergency braking when maneuvering.

To the left lane

Rebuilding in the left lane is carried out according to the general rules. First, the driver must pass all the cars that are moving along the left lane by turning on the turn signal beforehand. And only after the lane is safe for maneuver, you can rebuild.

Many believe that the one who is on the secondary road. In fact, the type of stripe does not matter. Who plans to rebuild, he misses other cars. If you miss, then please - you can safely change the lane.

When the road narrows

The fact that the road will narrow, drivers will learn thanks to the signs. This means that you need to change lanes in advance so that you do not have to apply emergency braking at the last moment.

The picture shows that the lane along which the red car is moving is narrowing. blue car continues to move into given direction. In this situation, it is the red car that must give way, since it needs to change lanes.

between rows

It is necessary to rebuild between the rows according to the general rules. On a multi-lane road, there is another requirement - a gradual rebuilding.

For example, a car is driving in the rightmost lane on a three-lane road. And he needs to go to the far left lane. In this case, you cannot cross two lanes at once.

First, the car is rebuilt to the middle lane, and then to the outer one. With every maneuver, traffic safety is ensured.

When maneuvering to each lane, you should not sharply reduce speed or, conversely, put pressure on the gas. In terms of speed, you need to catch up with cars that move along the same lane.

Driving in lanes in the city with the subsequent rebuilding is the most dangerous. It is quite difficult to maneuver in heavy traffic, so many drivers make fatal mistakes.

For example, when changing lanes from the extreme right lane to the middle of the road, the car is allowed to pass. Hoping that they will let him through in the far left lane, the driver boldly rebuilds from two lanes at once. But you can't do that.

First, the car is leveled in the middle lane, then the turn signal turns on again, and only after a safe distance between the cars appears, you can change lanes.

public transport

Public transport is being rebuilt according to general rules. For him, there is no special priority in movement, in contrast to special vehicles with flashing beacons turned on.

If public transport moves along the lane allocated for it, then occupying it is destroyed ordinary cars to turn left. The strip in this case is necessary for safe rebuilding.

But it should be borne in mind that as soon as the car has taken the allocated lane, it must leave it without interfering with public transport.

Before traffic lights

Moving in a given direction, many drivers decide to change lanes before the traffic lights. This happens, for example, when the outer lane is already occupied, and the green signal is on at the traffic light.

If you need to rebuild before a traffic light, then you need to act according to the general rules and take into account several features of maneuvering:

it is forbidden to change lanes without a turn signal, even if there are no cars in passing traffic;
you need to stop in front of the traffic light if the outer rows also do not move (pedestrians can cross the road);
needs to be adjusted to average speed, without slowing down, but it is impossible to exceed the set mode.

Mutual

One of the most difficult maneuvers is the mutual formation. It means that the car from the right lane plans to move to the left lane, and the car from the left lane plans to move to the right.

The situation is common, but many drivers do not know the rules for maneuvering in this case and allow a collision.

When changing lanes at the same time, both cars must have turn signals on - this is the main requirement. Thanks to the signals, drivers see the scheme further movement vehicle from the adjacent lane.

According to clause 8.4 of the SDA, the car that makes the maneuver must yield when changing lanes.

If two cars from different lanes are rebuilt at the same time, then the car on the right has priority. She must pass first, the car from the left lane must pass.

But in practice, it can be very difficult to change lanes, because it is not always possible to understand the intentions of the other driver if the cars are moving in heavy traffic. In this situation, it is important to ensure the safety of maneuvering.

To do this, you need to slightly get ahead of the car from the adjacent road and slowly start moving to the left.

At the same time, the behavior of cars moving along the adjacent territory is necessarily controlled. Only after the driver from the left lane begins to pass, you can change lanes.

It is important not only to remember your rights, but also to respect other road users. In a collision between two vehicles, the truth will be on the driver's side from the right lane.

He will receive compensation for and restore the car free of charge. But is it worth demanding to follow the rules of the road at the cost of your life?

It is necessary to change lanes from the left lane to the right lane while simultaneously maneuvering as carefully as possible. To begin with, we pass the car on the right, slowing down.

After completing the maneuver, you can rebuild yourself, after making sure that this maneuver is safe.

With interference on the right

Right hand obstruction refers to a vehicle that is moving on the right side. There is an opinion among drivers that in any case, you need to give in to this very hindrance.

But when it comes to rebuilding, this rule is necessarily taken into account, but with some reservations:

The driver is moving along right side and plans to move to the left lane. In this case, there is no obstacle, you need to give way to the driver on the left and only after that change lanes.
The driver is driving on the left side and plans to turn into the right lane. Here he has an obstacle on the right and he really should let the cars from the adjacent lane pass.
The driver moves on the right side, plans to take the left lane, and the driver from the left lane plans to take the right. Again, there is no interference here, but the car on the right side has priority.
The driver is moving on the left side, the driver on the right is planning to change lanes. And this is where the rule comes into play. You need to skip the obstacle on the right, and then rebuild yourself.

To begin with, let's remember general concepts, enshrined in the road "constitution", that is. In particular, in section 1 " General provisions»:

rebuilding- exit from the occupied lane or occupied lane while maintaining the original direction of movement.

traffic lane- any of the longitudinal lanes of the carriageway, marked or not marked with markings and having a width sufficient for the movement of cars in one row.

Let me remind you that according to current standards, the lane width should be from 3 to 3.75 meters. At the same time, the SDA does not prohibit the movement of vehicles in two rows in one lane, unless, of course, the width of this lane allows. Thus, leaving the occupied lane, even within its own lane, is also considered a lane change.

Now about the main thing: in the current version of the Rules of the Road, rebuilding at the intersection is not prohibited. Which means they are allowed. A simple example: the driver of the car in front suddenly (as often happens) remembered that he had to turn left at the intersection, turned on the turn signal and stopped, you changed lanes to the right and continued driving straight ahead. There is no violation. Usually problems arise due to the fact that many drivers confuse changing lanes with overtaking.

Overtaking- ahead of one or more vehicles, related to lane departure(side of the roadway) intended for oncoming traffic, and subsequent return to the previously occupied lane (side of the carriageway).

Advance- the movement of the vehicle at a speed, more speed accompanying vehicle.

That is, if when maneuvering you did not go into the oncoming lane, then your actions are not.

But just overtaking at regulated intersections, as well as at unregulated intersections when driving on a road that is not the main one, and at pedestrian crossings in accordance with paragraph 11.4 of the SDA is prohibited. Punishment - an administrative fine in the amount of five thousand rubles or deprivation of the right to drive vehicles for a period of four to six months (part 4 of article 12.15 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation).

So if at the intersection you comply with the requirements of signs, markings (for example, driving along lanes) and your maneuvering is not related to, you are not violating anything. Just remember that when rebuilding, you must comply with the requirements of paragraph 8.4 of the SDA (the driver must give way to vehicles moving along without changing direction. When rebuilding vehicles moving along, the driver must give way to a vehicle on the right).

The picture in the article shows an adjustable intersection. You can change on it. If it were unregulated, rebuilds would also not be prohibited. The only thing, in this case, you need to remember about clause 14.1 of the SDA:

The driver of a vehicle approaching an unregulated pedestrian crossing must give way to pedestrians crossing the road or stepping on carriageway (tram rails) to make the transition

And paragraph 14.2 of the Rules:

If before unregulated pedestrian crossing If a vehicle stops or slows down, the drivers of other vehicles moving in the same direction must also stop or slow down. It is allowed to continue driving subject to the requirements of paragraph 14.1 of the Rules.

But, despite the absence of a ban, I would still recommend changing lanes only in extreme cases, because other road users already have to track too much information at the intersection ( traffic situation, signs, traffic signals, etc.), and an additional "introductory" from you will only complicate their task and, accordingly, increase the risk of an emergency.