No matter how experienced the driver was, driving in winter presents a certain difficulty for each of us. You can easily get stuck in deep snow, our car can skid on ice, and at the same time there are certain difficulties with the operation of vehicles in the very cold. We offer you 5 simple rules and recommendations that will help you avoid such difficulties and unpleasant situations when driving in winter time of the year.
Rule one: keep traction on the drive wheels
Uniform and constant traction of the car will allow the car to confidently keep the trajectory on asphalt, ice and packed snow. But if you throw gas or change gears in a turn, this can lead to such an unpleasant situation when the front or rear of the car starts to skid. As a result, the car, with a high degree of probability, ends up in a ditch. To avoid this, you should keep a distance from the car in front, the thrust should be small, but constant. Oddly enough, but the easiest way to drive a car in winter is with mechanical box gears. The fact is that with the mechanics, the driver will be able to constantly keep the engine speed constant, without fear of such a situation that the automatic transmission will independently lower or increase the gear. Decide this problem it is possible on the machine, by activating such a transmission manual mode. When approaching a turn, it is necessary to engage the gear, and in no case move in neutral.
Rule two: do not brake hard and do not accelerate with slippage
In winter, drivers often do not change their driving style, accelerate sharply and stop the car just as actively. All this leads to frequent drifts, as a result, it becomes extremely difficult to avoid traffic accidents. This is especially true when the vehicle is moving in dense stream transport and any mistake or skidding of the car can lead to an accident. Braking should always be smooth and accurate, even when our car is equipped with an anti-lock system. Remember that ABS prevents slipping, but it also increases the stopping distance.
With sudden acceleration or braking, the car will not be able to maintain the correct trajectory, which leads to skidding, which is extremely difficult to control. Even an experienced driver will not be able to correct such a skid if the car brakes sharply or accelerates with slipping. In winter, you should always remember that on slippery surface the braking distance increases, respectively, it is necessary to keep the distance correctly, in without fail respecting speed mode. If you neglect such requirements, then driving a car will present certain difficulties, and the car owner, with a high degree of probability, will get into a traffic accident.
Rule 3: don't skid without a goal
If the car is stuck in the snow, then many experienced drivers try to rock the car, increasing or decreasing traction, which allows them to get out of snow captivity. However, often such slippage leads to the fact that the car only gets stuck more strongly in the rolled snow. The easiest way to get out of such a snow trap is to put it under the drive axle rubber mats, various branches, cartons or similar items.
If you have to overcome a section with deep snow, then you should not try to drive it with acceleration, since in this case the probability of stalling and sitting down significantly increases, after which it will be impossible to get out on your own. overcome such difficult sections necessary with constant and even traction. Without the need to turn the steering wheel at large angles is not worth it. less speed, the easier it is to overcome such a problem area.
If you feel that the car is about to get stuck in the snow, then you should immediately switch from first gear to reverse and drive back. In this case, you will be able to choose a different trajectory and overcome a difficult and dangerous area. But if you stop in the snow, then in the future it will be extremely difficult to start, you will need to dig out the car or call a tow truck. But on the automatic gearbox, such a trick when the driver instantly switches from first gear to reverse cannot be performed. This will only lead to damage to the gearbox, and subsequently repairing the car will cost a round sum, much more than the cost of calling a tow truck.
Rule Four: Don't Brake in a Turn
Many drivers, when driving a car in winter and summer, forget that braking in a turn and even on a long arc is extremely dangerous maneuver, which leads to a strong skid, which can even be corrected right move steering will be difficult. on icy and snow covered road such braking in a turn will be even more dangerous. Cars change their trajectory unpredictably, and you should slightly go over at a speed, as the car will instantly be in a ditch. Remember that it is by no means recommended to make any sudden movements, including the steering wheel or pedals, when cornering. It's easy to pick the right one safe speed cornering, which eliminates the need to accelerate or brake with the steering wheel turned out.
Rule Five: Don't Skimp on Quality Lighting
Many car owners, in order to save money, choose the type of headlights on the car according to the residual principle. Therefore, situations are not uncommon when even expensive foreign cars have the simplest halogen, which does not provide high-quality road lighting in dark time days. As a result, it is not possible to drive a car correctly and safely at night in winter. You can solve this problem by installing high-quality xenon and buying additional fog lights. Remember also that it is necessary to wash the headlights regularly, and polish them every few years in a service station.
In no case should you save on replacing burnt out light bulbs. Remember that such a ride with a broken light will not only lead to large fines, but also significantly impair visibility, and this is the safety of driving.
conclusions
By following these simple recommendations from experienced drivers, you can significantly simplify your transport management in the winter season. Remember that you need to be as careful as possible, consider the fact that on slippery road the braking distance increases, and the car can slightly expand the trajectory, the steering wheel does not obey well. Be sure to change your car's shoes using high-quality winter studded or friction tires. Observe the speed limit, which will be the key to the smooth management of transport in the winter season.
Winter is a very extreme season for motorists.
It is in winter that a greater number of accidents occur due to the inattention of drivers and their neglect of the rules for preparing a car in winter.
When driving on a winter road, you can meet not a single accident caused by banal violations of the rules traffic or neglect by the driver of elementary safety rules. You can drive in winter without getting into an accident. The main thing is to follow a few rules and recommendations.
Driving a car
When driving in heavy snow or ice, be very careful not to listen to too loud music and use a wireless headset to talk on the phone. A better talk stop while you are driving.
Distance between cars
Remember that braking on ice or packed snow is very difficult.
Your braking distance is many times higher than that which was when braking on asphalt. Therefore, always remember the distance and keep the distance more than in summer. Remember to check your mirrors regularly to see how close other cars are sneaking up behind you. In case of occurrence emergency you must have time to react, press the brake pedal and not become a participant in the incident.
dipped headlights
Don't forget to turn on your headlights while driving.
This will allow you to identify yourself on the road, and you will also see other road users. However, in case of heavy snow or a blizzard, do not turn on high beam headlights This will only hinder you, reducing visibility on the road. Snow reflects light, which in turn will interfere with you.
Machine speed
Forget racing in the winter.
The first thing you should remember is accuracy. Therefore, observe the speed limit, do not rush anywhere, enter the turns correctly.
Strong gusts of wind, snowstorm, hail, heavy rain - these are all dangerous weather conditions that can lead to emergencies.
Cold and frost only complicate the situation, because in the event of an accident, you will have to freeze, waiting for help. Therefore, be very careful when driving in adverse climatic conditions.
If you cannot postpone your trip, then discuss with your family members or people you are going to the approximate time of the trip. Upon arrival, immediately inform all interested parties that you have arrived and that everything is fine with you.
car cover
Stock up on a cover for your car in advance.
If during severe frosts or inclement weather, you will not be using your car for a while, then cover it with a cover. This will keep it from exposure to moisture and snow. It is important that luminous stripes in the form of the letter “X” are applied to the cover. It should be on the roof of the car, front and rear. This will make your car more visible.
Things for the road
When you go on a trip in adverse weather conditions, just in case, collect an emergency kit that you store in the trunk.
It will make it easier for you to stay in case of an emergency. This kit should include the following items: a flashlight and batteries for it, a lighter or matches wrapped in a bag, a battery-powered radio, a spare phone battery, two sandbags, a shovel, a sleeping bag, water, rations, a first aid kit and a jack.
Road accidents
If something happened on the road, some kind of emergency or emergency situation, as a result of which you needed help, then the first thing you should use is a cell phone.
Winter always comes unexpectedly. City officials report fully prepared to colds and snowfalls, but still one morning we wake up and understand that the roads, as usual, are covered with snow and it will be difficult to get to work by car. It's times like these that you have to remember all the skills winter driving.
The first thing to take care of is proper fit behind the wheel. Forget about summer relaxation, you need to sit behind the wheel in such a way that you are always ready for emergency situations. The steering wheel is not an additional support, the entire weight of the body should fall on the seat, place your hands in the upper sector of the steering wheel. The head does not need to be tilted to the side, back or forward, keep the neck straight - it is in this position that ideal conditions are created for the organs of balance.
Adjust the seat and head restraints so that they can bear the weight of your body in the event of a rear impact. Don't forget about seat belts.
It is also important to learn move off correctly. If even beginners have no problems with this on a dry track, then at those moments when the road looks more like a figure skating rink, even experienced drivers skid and “dry the ice” for a long time, at such moments the car can move anywhere, but only not forward.
Experts advise during the start to apply the technique of gradually increasing thrust. Light slipping will benefit - it will clear the tread from snow. Slowly depressing the clutch, shift to first gear, the car should start moving, it is not necessary to press on the gas sharply, this can lead to slippage. If you press on the gas, and the car is skidding, then you need to slow down, the wheels will spin more slowly and engagement with the road surface may occur.
On vehicles with rear wheel drive just before driving can be tightened to half parking brake and immediately release as soon as the vehicle starts moving.
What you can’t do is press the gas all the way and let it go sharply, such sharp jerks will not benefit, and the tread slots will only become clogged with snow and mud. Increase the tension gradually. If the car is still slipping, then do not forget about the sand - pour it under the drive wheels. Use the acceleration technique to release the gas.
Braking on a slippery road always presents difficulties and often causes numerous accidents and collisions with pedestrians. IN emergency situations we apply the brake purely automatically, but in no case should this be done on ice, because the wheels are blocked and the car carries due to inertia, and on a slippery road the length stopping distance increases many times over.
Pros are advised to brake with the engine, that is, with the clutch depressed, take your foot off the gas pedal. The wheels do not lock abruptly, but gradually. Approximately the same principle works and anti-lock ABS system. But you need to start braking the engine in advance, because it will not work to stop abruptly.
Pulse braking is also used, when the driver does not sharply press the brake, and in short pulses - a few clicks per second, and it is the first pulse that is important, which will help diagnose how slippery the surface is. In impulse braking, you can use a quick transition to downshifts. Experienced drivers can use the method of simultaneously pressing the gas and brake pedals, that is, without releasing the gas pedal, you need to move your left foot to the brake, pressing should be smooth, but sharp enough. With this method, the wheels do not completely block.
When braking by the engine, regassing is effective before switching to lower gears: we release the gas - we squeeze the clutch - we jump to a lower gear - we sharply press the gas to maximum speed and let go.
The effectiveness of this method is explained by the fact that when slowing down, the car will stop smoothly and the risk of uncontrolled skidding will decrease.
Driving on snow-covered roads and city highways also presents difficulties. In order to have fewer problems, you need to move along a common track. You need to keep an eye on the road and avoid such situations when the left wheels drive, for example, along a well-trodden rut, and you run into packed snow with your right wheels. As a result, a skid of 180 may occur with the entrance to a snowdrift or ditch.
The main rule is to keep the distance, you must always be prepared for the fact that the front or rear drivers fail to manage. We are very careful at intersections.
If you need to lay a route on fresh snow, especially if you drive into a yard or look for a place to turn around, then you first need to make sure that there are no stumps, holes and open sewer manholes under the snow.
If you see obstacles in the form of snowdrifts, drifts, randomly laid ruts, then you need to drive through them smoothly and at low speed. Do not forget about a shovel in winter, because you often have to work with it, especially in the morning, digging out a car.
A very dangerous phenomenon on icy roads is skidding.
To get out of it you need to turn the steering wheel in the direction of skidding, centrifugal force by inertia, it will return the car to its previous position, and already as you exit the skid, the steering wheel is turned to reverse side. On front wheel drive cars when skidding, you need to gas, and on rear-wheel drive, on the contrary, release the accelerator pedal.
As you can see, in winter the most different situations, so professionals advise beginners to refrain from traveling at this time of the year.
Winter. The snow is falling, the roads are being cleared, the snow is covering them again. Clean asphalt has not been seen for a long time. And you have to travel, every day.
How to drive an automatic transmission in the winter season? Automatic in winter - is it a plus or a minus? If it’s a plus, then how to fully use it, if a minus, then how to compensate for it?
Let's look into all these issues.
Advantages of automatic transmission
The automatic transmission, when the car is moving, independently shifts gears without distracting the driver from the process of driving the car, especially during difficult road conditions. Saves him from constantly depressing the clutch pedal, turning on desired gear, which for some inexperienced motorists is a real torment. The automatic machine is especially convenient when driving in a traffic jam, you press the brake pedal, the car stops, releases it, the car drives smoothly, you don’t have to endlessly pull the gear lever, simultaneously work the accelerator and clutch pedals. When starting uphill, the machine moves the car without the risk of turning off the engine.
All this makes driving a car with an automatic machine a comfortable and safe activity, but only in summer, on flat good roads. In winter, the situation changes dramatically. There is snow on the road, frost under the snow, pieces of pure asphalt are visible somewhere, the grip of the car's wheels with the road is unstable. Slips, skids, loss of control are possible. All this complicates the operation of the hydromechanical transmission, and requires the driver to have additional knowledge and skills in driving a car with automatic transmission in the winter.
How to properly warm up the automatic transmission in winter
After overnight parking, the car should start, despite the noticeable cold. Modern engines with fuel injection systems, they allow you to start driving the car immediately, with little or no warm-up, but do not rush. It is required to let the engine run a little without load , liquefy engine oil, fill the lubrication system with it, let the pistons and cylinders warm up. It will take only 3 - 4 minutes for this, and the engine will repay the owner for this with long-term reliable work.
An automatic transmission is a very complex and rather capricious unit that requires even more careful attention to itself. The machine must be prepared before driving, which goes well with warming up the engine.
Two to three minutes after starting the engine, it is recommended to press the brake pedal and move the automatic transmission selector to position "D" (driving). Without releasing the brake, it is necessary to let the box work in this mode for 20 - 30 seconds, and then switch to the “R” mode (reverse). Then wait another 30 s. Repeat the entire procedure "D" - "R" a couple of times, while you can lightly press the "gas" pedal, after tightening the "handbrake".
Before starting to drive in winter, the automatic transmission must be prepared: switch the selector to the “D” mode, then to the “R” mode and wait half a minute, then repeat these steps a couple of times.
Initial warm-up power unit And automatic transmission finished, now you can get under way.
How to start driving on the machine in winter
One of the main advantages of a hydromechanical transmission is a smooth, jerk-free start of movement. On a car with "mechanics" a comfortable start depends on the skill and experience of the driver, the state of the clutch. The machine itself will gently move the car.
If the automatic transmission allows you to force the first gear (for example, boxes with the "Tiptronic" function or in the presence of modes "1", "2"), then you should use this.
Automatic transmission with "Tiptronic" function - T-shaped branch on the right side of the box for manual control.
The beginning of the journey - the first 400-600 meters - drive in first, then second gear, maintaining engine speed of about 2000 rpm. After turn on auto mode and continue to drive in a relaxed style, not zealous when pressing the accelerator pedal. After 8 - 10 km of the way, the automatic transmission is ready to work in the normal mode, switching from gear to gear smoothly, without bumps and jerks. This is another plus of the automatic transmission.
Warming up the automatic transmission and the engine is not a complicated operation. They do not take much time, but they greatly facilitate and lengthen the life of the power unit and hydromechanical automatic transmission. But if repair engine- operation worked out, and is carried out by many repair shops, then automatic transmission repair is a very, very expensive procedure, carried out only by specialized enterprises, and the result is not always positive.
How to drive an automatic in winter
The rules listed below are valid for cars with any gearbox, but for the "automatic" they are especially relevant.
Automatic transmission problems in winter and their solutions
The following are the disadvantages inherent in automatic machines, which must be remembered when winter operation hydromechanical transmissions, as well as options for their elimination.
Control of the machine during steep ascents and long descents
When driving in difficult conditions, when overcoming a steep climb or when driving on loose snow, the hydromechanical transmission can slip - this is its feature, since there is no rigid connection between the automatic transmission and the engine. In this situation, the driver must help the car by forcing a downshift in advance.
When driving on a long downhill slope, such as on mountain roads, to prevent dangerous acceleration of the vehicle, use only brake system cause the pads, discs or drums to overheat. It is necessary to force the second or even first gear of the automatic transmission to effectively slow down the car.
Automatic transmission control when parking in winter
When parking, especially on a slope, you should fix the car with the brake pedal, move the automatic transmission selector to the "N" position, tighten the "handbrake", and only then set the "P" mode - parking. This will protect the automatic transmission parking lock system from overloading.
As of February 23, 1 Palana-Anavgay winter road with a total length of 435 kilometers is operated on the territory of the Kamchatka Territory, on which restrictions of up to 20 tons are set.
WHAT IS ZIMNIK?
For many regions of Russia, winter roads or winter roads are the only means of communication with remote settlements. This is due to the fact that the tundra and swampy woodlands of the Russian North in the warm season is an insurmountable obstacle for wheeled vehicles. Usually winter roads begin to function in November and the movement on them continues until May, until the soil finally freezes. Some winter roads are departmental and have restrictions on the movement of private vehicles. Many of them have barriers and checkpoints. Since such roads are built and maintained by private companies (usually oil or gas), the owners have every right to restrict traffic on them. But private vehicles still drive along these roads, though not every car is able to move along snowy highways, only SUVs can do it. The fact is that no matter how well they monitor the condition of the winter road, after each snowfall, a well-packed road turns into a section off-road sports. The surface of a winter road is usually below the level of the surrounding snow cover. And snowfalls or strong wind very quickly fall asleep the road, making it completely indistinguishable from the surrounding snow fields. After each snowfall, winter roads go out a large number of road equipment, mainly tractors K-700 (Kirovets), they drag special drags behind them, which, depending on the shape, clear or ram the snow. For the convenience of equipment operation, as well as for vehicles moving along an uncleared winter road, the road is marked with special markers equipped with reflective tapes. Thanks to them, even a marked road is easy to read and all-wheel drive vehicles can move without the threat of going astray. The length of winter roads varies from tens to hundreds of kilometers. On long winter roads, every fifty to one hundred kilometers, road equipment bases are built, from which cars go daily to work to maintain the winter road. Often, at such bases, rest points for drivers are arranged, consisting of several caravans. There you can spend the night, eat and make light Maintenance. Also, these bases have radio communication and drivers of cars moving along the winter road are noted in special traffic logs, and similar logs are also available on a mandatory basis. checkpoints located at the entrances and exits of winter roads. The northern region is harsh, bad weather and frosts, constant companions of a harsh winter, sometimes in a matter of minutes can turn a calm movement along the winter road into a battle for life, and therefore it is very important to know the location of traffic participants at any time. The more car depots and rest points on the route, the easier it is to calculate the location of the car in trouble. Movement on winter roads is usually carried out at night. In the headlights, the white road takes on relief due to the play of light and shadow, while in the daytime, opposite, the road merges with the surrounding snow and you can easily slide onto the loose roadside.
Features of winter roads
Snow is the most difficult and unpredictable surface of all. It's not so much that the even cover hides the relief and masks the hillocks and ditches, its main danger lies elsewhere. Japanese scientists, closely involved in the study of the properties of snow, counted about seventy (!) of its varieties in Russia. Depending on the temperature and density, the snow cover is able to change its properties to the opposite. So, for example, at temperatures close to zero Celsius, snow is very sticky and heavy, while its rolling resistance coefficient is so high that it is not inferior to loose dry sand. As the temperature drops, the properties of snow change. Minus ten to twenty degrees, coupled with high humidity, typical for such temperatures, turn it into "semolina", snow freezes into small granules and becomes a serious obstacle for wheeled vehicles, cars skid on level ground - they have nothing to catch on. At temperatures below minus thirty, moisture freezes out, the snow changes its properties again, now it is the smallest snow dust. Packed with a strong north wind, it looks like a real highway; an adult can easily move along it without even leaving traces. But the apparent hardness is deceptive, as soon as the wheel is turned, the snow partes and the car, having fallen through, is immobilized, with virtually no chance of getting out on its own. But that's not all the surprises that snow brings us. When the temperature changes, a crust is formed. The more often the mercury of the thermometer jumps, the more layers of crust freezes. Snowfalls and weather changes turn the snow cover into a layer cake. Usually the crust is not thick enough to support the weight of the car, so it breaks, the car finds itself in the situation of an ice-bound steamer. The only way to get out of such a trap is to gouge the crust around the car and pull it back to a solid place. Strong northern winds pose a great danger when moving along the tundra. The fact is that during the construction of winter roads in the tundra, the highway is laid on hills, where the soil is drier and freezes faster, but this is a problem, since the road as a result is open to all winds and a heavy wind, and it is a common occurrence in the North, raises snow and sweeps it across the road. Firstly, barriers are formed that interfere with movement, and secondly, visibility drops to several meters, which makes movement at a speed (required to pass the barriers) impossible. But you can't stop either. standing car instantly covered in snow. If you cannot continue driving, you should stay in the car and wait for help if your movement on the winter road is known road services or wait for the end of the blizzard to go for help. In no case should you go on foot in a snowstorm - it is life threatening.
Equipment moving on winter roads
Mostly all-wheel drive trucks, Urals and KamAZ trucks. Often meets tracked vehicles, it poses the greatest danger to passenger vehicles. While driving in the cab caterpillar all-terrain vehicle very noisy and drivers wear earmuffs. The lighting technology of such devices also leaves much to be desired, and they develop a very decent speed, so there is a considerable chance that you simply will not be noticed, especially if your car light color and headlights covered with snow. Passenger transport is extremely rare, usually such cars are coupled with trucks or tractors, or after driving through a solid cleared area on their own, they stop at the crossing and wait for a passing all-terrain vehicle to hitch on it to go through the wretched area.
Traffic rules winter roads
When driving on winter roads, all traffic rules must be observed. Special attention it is worth paying attention to traffic signs, believe me, somewhere, and on winter roads they are installed far from just like that. There is such an expression "The rules of the road are written in blood", and so it is especially true on such roads as winter roads. Therefore, we strongly recommend that you follow their recommendations. Also, winter roads have their own rules, for example, on the rise, the car moving up has the advantage. And if you, having approached the descent, saw a car approaching from below, stop, leaving room for maneuver at the exit and wait until the oncoming car finishes climbing and passes you, only then continue driving. After all, climbing a slippery snowy road is far from easy especially heavy truck and if, due to the fact that you, without thinking, went to meet him, he loses his course, then quite dangerous situation, in which a truck that is standing on a slope can tip over backwards.
Also, you should never drink and drive. Driving a car in difficult road conditions is in itself a serious test and not every driver is able to cope with driving a car even when he is absolutely sober and concentrated, not to mention drunk.
Practical Tips
Driving on winter roads requires certain skills. The main rule is not to go beyond the restrictive milestones or, if there are none, do not move off the rammed canvas. As soon as one wheel of the car catches soft snow, the car is instantly pulled off the road and it falls through. Getting out without outside help is very difficult. Even if a winch is installed on the machine, this does not change much, since there is absolutely nothing to hook the hook in the tundra. Therefore, one should not move along winter roads alone; northern roads can not be called intensive, so you can spend several hours waiting for help. Ice crossings are also a great danger. Despite the fact that they are usually specially frozen so that they can withstand the weight of heavy vehicles, caverns occur on them, often drivers of heavy heavy equipment they do not pay attention to the signs at the crossings with limited tonnage and heavy vehicles break through the ice with their wheels. So if ice crossing not visible under the snow or due to uneven terrain, it is better not to regret a couple of minutes, get out of the car and carefully inspect the place where you are going to drive, believe me, this can save you a lot of time and nerves. If a pole sticks out at the crossing in the middle of the road, this means that the ice in this place is broken and you should not pass near this place.
Also, when driving on a winter road, you should understand that fuel consumption in difficult road conditions increases many times over, so you should stock up on them, because in the harsh conditions of the Russian North, combustibles are life. Even if you expect to spend a couple of hours on the road, there should be a supply of water and food in the car, this is exactly the case when God saves the safe. The car must have a good shovel and reliable tow rope. Skis or snowshoes will not be superfluous at all.
If the winter road is very noticeable with snow, it makes sense to lower the drive wheels, the contact patch will increase, and the rolling resistance, on the contrary, will decrease, the car will slip less and be better controlled. If your car has slipped off the road in loose snow, do not rush to shift gears and put pressure on the gas. To begin with, it’s worth getting out of the car and seeing how deep it has fallen, believe me from the outside it can be seen much better than from the inside. Before you sit back and try to drive out, it is worth digging the car, removing snow from under the bridges and the bottom. Regardless of whether you are trying to leave on your own or the car is pulled out on a cable, you need to get out back, along your own track, this is the easiest and most effective way. When driving on a winter road covered with freshly fallen snow and when passing the crossings, try to prevent wheel slip, if you feel that the car is losing speed and it is still far to the end of the snowy area, it is better to stop, carefully back out, get out of the car and measure the depth of the snow cover. Then make a decision already based on the situation. Never be lazy to go out and look, it does not take much time, it takes much more to eliminate the consequences of rash actions.
Preparing the car for driving on winter roads and off-road
main guarantor high cross are special mud wheels of large dimensions with a deep tread. 3814" American Super Swamper Irok tires work best. For achievement maximum effect the pressure in the wheels is reduced to 0.3-0.5 atmospheres. In order to put such wheels on the car, a slight modification of the body (lift and cutting of the wings) and significant changes in the suspension and transmission are required, with the help of a lift kit, other springs or springs or special spacers, the suspension travels increase and the car itself becomes much higher. Because the wheels bigger size increase the load on the vehicle transmission change gear ratios(by installing other main pairs in bridges).
The body kit also undergoes major changes. Special bumpers are installed in place of standard bumpers. power structures capable of withstanding a blow against an icy parapet or tree. The vehicle is equipped with at least one winch with electric, hydraulic or mechanical drive. The air intake to avoid engine water hammer when passing fords is displayed on the roof of the car. For uninterrupted operation engine under conditions low temperatures installed autonomous stove(working on the main fuel of the car) for heating the coolant. Also to maintain comfortable temperature an autonomous stove is installed in the car interior.
Additional lighting equipment is installed on the machine to ensure sufficient overview in conditions of poor visibility. Also, a set of equipment for satellite navigation and radio communications are installed in the car.
Before the trip, each car is supplied with the maximum complete set the most important spare parts, a complete set of tools, a set of off-road equipment, including a jerk tow rope, a high rack jack, a winch cable extension, a bark protection sling for winching, ladders for passing through ice cracks. Also, each car is equipped with canisters so that the total off-road cruising range is at least five hundred kilometers.
All of the above is vocational training and it is not at all necessary, but often it is not necessary for driving on winter roads. The main thing is to clearly calculate your strength and capabilities of the car. By driving the car with intelligence and caution, you have every chance to drive through the winter road on a completely standard four-wheel drive vehicle. And if any unforeseen difficulties happen, drivers of passing cars will always help you. Helping your neighbor is the law for the North, and God forbid that it will continue to be so.
Driver be careful and remember!
Drivers Vehicle, during severe frosts refrain from long trips By highways which can only be used in winter conditions, at sub-zero temperature(winterers)! These trips are not safe.
If it is not possible to postpone the trip, you must follow a number of simple rules:
Going to long way, always tell your loved ones, friends or neighbors where you are going and when you plan to return;
Study the route on the map in advance;
Before you travel, make sure you bring mobile phone with a fully charged battery;
Take your whistle with you. If you have to call for help, your voice will not last long - the ligaments will quickly get tired, and you will become hoarse. But you can signal your location with a whistle for a long time, moreover, without tangible harm to the body;
Take a backpack or bag with you, which should contain a compass, knife, flashlight, matches or a lighter in waterproof packaging. It is necessary to take a bowler hat, food, water, warm clothes with you;
Those who constantly use medicines, and this primarily concerns the elderly, need to have medicines with them;
It is better to travel with fellow travelers, not in one car, but at least in two, trail after trail. Children should not be taken on such trips.
If you get lost along the way or get stuck in extreme situation find an opportunity to report it, call 112.
