Permissible trailer weight. Rules for transporting a trailer and heavy equipment

16.06.2019

Recently, my friends decided to purchase a boat from the well-known St. Petersburg manufacturer "Mobile Group". The boat, frankly, turned out to be not a boat, but almost a ship - a 9-meter vessel with a wheelhouse and a huge cockpit ... So, having arrived from Murmansk itself, they, not wanting to linger, had already decided to leave, but ... someone accidentally threw a phrase suddenly stopped all their intentions:
- Guys, everything is in order, are there rights, are the categories all open?
- Categories? Rights? For what? the owner of the ship asks in bewilderment.
- How to what? On a trailer. You will carry the boat on a trailer, and the boat is large and weighs far from half a ton. Need an open category E...
And then - a silent scene - annoyance on frozen faces, frowning eyebrows and confusion in his eyes.

So, my friends, water motorists, motorists, rescue drivers and fishermen - in a word, all those who drive with and without a category, with and without rights ... To everyone who is not uninterested in the rules for transporting a trailer and heavy equipment, I propose to figure out what what, where and how much.

So, category E:
E to B or E to C?
What are the conditions, requirements, penalties, training?

First, let's understand the concepts. I'll start in order, with the most important, in my opinion.

Category
The rules for passing qualifying exams and issuing driver's licenses indicate that (see paragraph 4):
“Driver's licenses with permission marks in columns "A", "B", "C", "D" and "E" confirm the right to drive vehicles of the corresponding categories:
1) category "A" - motorcycles, motor scooters and other motor vehicles;
2) category "B" - cars, the maximum permitted weight of which does not exceed 3500 kilograms and the number of seats, in addition to the driver's seat, does not exceed 8;
3) category "C" - cars, except for those belonging to category "D", the maximum authorized mass of which exceeds 3500 kilograms;
4) category "D" - cars designed for the carriage of passengers and having more than 8 seats, in addition to the driver's seat;
5) category "E" - compositions Vehicle with a tractor belonging to categories "B", "C" or "D", which the driver has the right to drive, but which does not themselves fall into one of these categories or into these categories.

In the forms of driver's licenses, as you probably noticed more than once, the categories are marked in the same way (with the exception of category A).

Trailer
Trailer - a vehicle not equipped with an engine and intended for movement in combination with a power-driven vehicle. The term also applies to semi-trailers and trailers-dissolutions (SDA).
Comments to the SDA add: “A mechanical vehicle with a trailer (trailers) of any type is a road train or a combination of vehicles, where a mechanical vehicle acts as a tractor. The trailer is characterized by the fact that it is attached to the vehicle tractor from behind by using rigid connecting hinge elements. When using trailers, in all cases, it must be taken into account that actual weight trailer with a load should not exceed the corresponding parameter set by the manufacturer of the tractor vehicle as the maximum allowable.

Permissible maximum weight
Permissible maximum mass - the mass of the equipped vehicle with cargo, driver and passengers, established by the manufacturer as the maximum allowable. For the permitted maximum mass of the composition of vehicles, i.e. coupled and moving as a whole, the sum of the permitted maximum masses of the vehicles included in the composition (SDA) is taken.
And Comments to the SDA: “The permitted maximum mass is the sum of the mass of the equipped vehicle and the mass of the maximum allowable payload, determined by the vehicle manufacturer and including the mass of the cargo, the mass (weight) of the driver and passengers.
The value of the permitted maximum weight for specific model The vehicle is indicated in the vehicle passport, as well as in the certificate of its registration.

Curb weight of the vehicle
The curb weight of the vehicle is the weight of the vehicle (“tare weight”) with full charge fuel and lubricants and coolant, a set of tools, spare parts and accessories provided for by the instruction (manual) for the operation of the vehicle and the Basic Provisions. (Comments to traffic rules. General provisions).

And now it's time to take up the analysis of resolutions, orders and regulations of the government of the Russian Federation.
What do we have today? I will speak in an accessible and understandable language. Those who need the legislative part of this report will be provided with the necessary links and a list of documents.

So:

1. If you are driving your light vehicle, truck or bus and a trailer attached to it, whose permissible maximum weight does not exceed 750 kg, then it is enough for you to have an open category B, C or D, respectively (clause 1.7. Decree dated December 15, 1999 N 1396 On approval of the rules for passing qualifying exams and issuing a driver's license).

B
C

For example. Let's say I need to transport a snowmobile in my little car. The car weighs 1400 kg (that is, it belongs to category B). A small trailer weighing, say, 700 kg is quite suitable for this. When checking driving license, it is enough for the inspector to see the open category "B".

2. If the permitted maximum mass of your trailer does not exceed the mass of an equipped vehicle belonging to category "B", and the permitted maximum mass of such a combination of vehicles does not exceed 3500 kilograms, when driving it, you need a driving license of category "B" ( Clause 1.8 of Resolution No. 1396 of December 15, 1999 On Approving the Rules for Passing Qualification Examinations and Issuing Driving Licenses).

where Msts - Permissible maximum mass of the vehicle composition

For example . An example of such transportation: a trailer - 1000 kg, and a car - 2000 kg (belongs to category B). Trailer over 750 kg. And it seems that category E is already needed. But ... clause 1.8 of the Decree, which many people forget about or simply do not know about, allows us to transport such a train in the presence of only category B. After all, the mass of such a train does not exceed 3500 kg.

3. If you have a trailer with a maximum permitted weight of more than 750 kg, then make sure that your category (B, C, D) has category E.

B+E
C+E

where Mp is the Permissible mass of the trailer (indicated in the PTS)

In special marks on your certificate should be noted: E to B, E to C or E to D (clause 34 of the Appendix to the Order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia dated July 20, 2000 No. 782).

Yes, I draw your attention to the following fact. According to the Federal Law "On Road Safety", the right to drive trains of vehicles (category E) is granted to persons with categories "B", "C" or "D" if they have experience in driving a vehicle of the corresponding category at least 12 months.

Yes, and do not forget about the age restrictions.
Category A - from 16 years old
Category B - from 18 years old
Category C - from 18 years old
Category D - from 20 years old.

Dimensions

Many drivers are overcome by the question of exceeding the dimensions when transporting a particular cargo. So, traffic rules tell us that:

"23.4. Cargo protruding beyond the dimensions of the vehicle in front or behind by more than 1 m or from the side by more than 0.4 m from the outer edge side light, should be marked with identification marks " Oversized cargo", and in dark time days and under conditions insufficient visibility, in addition, in front - with a flashlight or light reflector white color, behind - a flashlight or a red reflector.

If the dimensions of your vehicle with or without cargo exceed:

2.55 m - in width,
4 m - in height (from the surface of the carriageway)
20 m - in length (including one trailer),
or the cargo carried protrudes more than 2 m beyond the back point of the clearance,

then the movement of such a vehicle is carried out in accordance with special rules (clause 23.5 of the SDA).

Education

Driving instruction of the required category is carried out in many driving schools in Moscow and St. Petersburg.
So, in St. Petersburg, training lasts about 1.5 months. The cost of training fluctuates from 12 to 15 thousand rubles. As a rule, category E to B is more expensive.
In Moscow, as it turned out, driving lessons with a trailer are a little cheaper. There is even the option of “one hit with two birds with one stone” - for 9200 rubles you will be taught categories E to B and E to C. If you take these categories separately, then the cost will be about 6400 rubles for each individual category.
Passing the exam takes place in two stages - on the site and driving around the city. You don't have to give up theory.
Cars are usually UAZ, ZIL and GAZ. There are jeeps, too.

fines
As for fines, according to the innovations that came into force on January 1, 2008, the punishment for driving a vehicle by a person who does not have the right to drive this vehicle is a fine of 2,500 rubles (clause 12.7 of the Code of Administrative Offenses) .

My advice to you, and not only mine. During a conversation with a traffic police officer, I came to the conclusion that it is better to carry a copy of the Resolution with you.
Regarding comments to the Rules traffic, then I will only say that they, as such, have no legal force. But for even greater confidence, comments edited by the head of the Department of Road Safety V.N. Kiryanov will not interfere.

Below is a list of legislative documents and necessary links.

Sonya Romashkina

P.S. And my friends, by the way, stayed in St. Petersburg not for 2 days, as expected, but for two weeks. During this time, they managed to study not only all the legislation of the Russian Federation, traffic police posts and driving schools, but also enjoy the cultural life of the northern capital. No, in the end they left, and left, frankly, satisfied, but ... how much time, effort and money they spent because of ignorance of just a few points of legislation.
So, here, ladies and gentlemen, the choice is yours - to be prepared and confident, or to drive "maybe".

1. DECISION No. 1396 of December 15, 1999 “On APPROVAL OF THE RULES FOR PASSING QUALIFICATION EXAMS AND ISSUING DRIVER'S LICENSE”.

2. ORDER of February 19, 1999 N 120 "ON APPROVAL OF SAMPLES OF DRIVER'S LICENSE" (as amended by Order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation of July 20, 2000 N 782).

4. Annex to the Order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia dated July 20, 2000 N 782 "INSTRUCTIONS ON THE PROCEDURE FOR ORGANIZING WORK ON THE ACCEPTANCE OF QUALIFICATION EXAMS AND ISSUANCE OF DRIVER'S LICENSES IN SUB-DIVISIONS OF THE STATE INSPECTION OF ROAD SAFETY MINIS INTERNAL AFFAIRS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDE- RADIO.

5. FEDERAL LAW "ON ROAD SAFETY" (Adopted State Duma November 15, 1995).

6. ORDER dated June 8, 1999 N 410 “ON IMPROVEMENT OF NORMATIVE AND LEGAL REGULATION OF THE ACTIVITIES OF THE ROAD INSPECTION SERVICE AND ORGANIZATION OF TRAFFIC OF THE STATE INSPECTION OF ROAD SAFETY OF THE MINISTRY OF INTERNAL NI X CASES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION.

7. CODE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION ON ADMINISTRATIVE LEGAL VIOLATIONS (Adopted by the State Duma on December 20, 2001).

8. Comments on the Rules of the Road Russian Federation and to the main provisions on the admission of vehicles to operation and duties officials on ensuring road safety (as of January 1, 2007, under the editorship of the Chief State Inspector of Road Safety of the Russian Federation, Lieutenant General of Militia V.N. Kiryanov).

www.mvd.ru

1.2. The following basic concepts and terms are used in the Rules:
"Road train" - a mechanical vehicle coupled to a trailer (trailers).
"Trailer" - a vehicle not equipped with an engine and intended for movement in combination with a power-driven vehicle. The term also applies to semi-trailers and drop trailers.
"Vehicle" means a device designed for the carriage by road of people, goods or equipment installed on it.
“Power-driven vehicle” means a vehicle powered by an engine. The term also applies to any tractors and self-propelled machines.

trailer documents

2.1. The driver of a power-driven vehicle must:
2.1.1. Have with you and, at the request of the police officers, hand them over for verification:

driver's license or temporary permit for the right to drive a vehicle of the corresponding category;
registration documents for this vehicle (except for mopeds), and if there is a trailer, for the trailer (except for trailers for mopeds);
insurance policy compulsory insurance civil liability of the owner of the vehicle in cases where the obligation to insure its civil liability is established by federal law. (for cases when OSAGO for a trailer is required, read our article “Insurance for a trailer” - Buy a trailer)

Permitted speed with trailer

10.3. outside settlements movement is allowed:

other buses, passenger cars when towing a trailer, trucks with a maximum permissible weight of more than 3.5 tons on motorways - no more than 90 km/h, on other roads - no more than 70 km/h;

Trailer lights and reflectors

19.1. At night and in conditions of insufficient visibility, regardless of road lighting, as well as in tunnels on a moving vehicle, the following lighting fixtures:
on all motor vehicles and mopeds, headlamps or dipped beam; on bicycles, headlamps or lanterns; on horse-drawn carts- lights (if any);
on trailers and towed motor vehicles - clearance lights.

Rules for the carriage of goods on a trailer

23. Transportation of goods

23.1. The mass of the transported cargo and the distribution of the load along the axles must not exceed the values established by the manufacturer for this vehicle.

23.2. Before starting and during the movement, the driver is obliged to control the placement, fastening and condition of the load in order to avoid its falling, interfering with the movement.

23.3. Carriage of cargo is allowed provided that it:

does not restrict the driver's view;
does not complicate control and does not violate the stability of the vehicle;
does not cover external lighting devices and retroreflectors, registration and identification marks, and also does not interfere with the perception of hand signals;
does not create noise, does not produce dust, does not pollute the road and the environment.

If the condition and placement of the cargo do not meet the specified requirements, the driver is obliged to take measures to eliminate violations of the listed transportation rules or stop further movement.

23.4. Cargo protruding beyond the dimensions of the vehicle in front and behind by more than 1 m or to the side by more than 0.4 m from the outer edge of the marker light must be marked with identification signs "Oversized cargo", and at night and in conditions of insufficient visibility , in addition, in front - with a white lamp or retroreflector, at the back - with a red lamp or retroreflector.

23.5. Transportation of heavy and dangerous goods, vehicle movement, overall parameters which, with or without cargo, exceeds 2.55 m in width (2.6 m for refrigerators and insulated bodies), 4 m in height from the surface of the carriageway, 20 m in length (including one trailer), or the movement of a vehicle with cargo protruding beyond the back point of the vehicle's dimensions by more than 2 m, as well as the movement of road trains with two or more trailers is carried out in accordance with special rules.

Fine: Article of the Code of Administrative Offenses 12.21. "Violation of the rules for the carriage of goods, the rules for towing
1. Violation of the rules for the carriage of goods, as well as the rules for towing - entails a warning or the imposition of an administrative fine in the amount of five hundred rubles.

List of malfunctions and conditions under which the operation of vehicles is prohibited

3.1. The number, type, color, location and mode of operation of external lighting devices do not meet the requirements of the vehicle design.

5.1. Passenger car tires have a residual tread height of less than 1.6 mm, trucks - 1 mm, buses - 2 mm, motorcycles and mopeds - 0.8 mm. For trailers, standards are set residual height tire tread pattern, similar to the norms for tires of vehicles - tractors.
5.2. Tires have external damage (punctures, cuts, ruptures), exposing the cord, as well as delamination of the carcass, delamination of the tread and sidewall.
5.3. There is no mounting bolt (nut) or there are cracks in the disk and wheel rims, there are visible violations of the shape and size of the mounting holes.
5.4. Tires do not match the vehicle model in terms of size or load capacity.
Information about changes:
5.5. Tires of various sizes, designs (radial, diagonal, chamber, tubeless), models, with different tread patterns, frost-resistant and non-frost-resistant, new and retreaded, new and with a deep tread pattern are installed on one axle of the vehicle. The vehicle is equipped with studded and non-studded tires.

7.5. There are no rear protective device, mudguards and mudguards.

7.6. The traction and coupling and fifth wheel coupling devices of the tractor and the trailer link are faulty, as well as the ones provided for by their design are missing or faulty. safety ropes(chains). There are backlashes in the connections of the motorcycle frame with the frame of the side trailer.

7.18. Changes have been made to the design of the vehicle without the permission of the State Road Safety Inspectorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation or other bodies determined by the Government of the Russian Federation.

Fine: Article of the Code of Administrative Offenses 12.5. « Driving a vehicle in the presence of malfunctions or conditions under which the operation of vehicles is prohibited, or a vehicle on which the identification mark "Disabled" is illegally installed
1. Driving a vehicle in the presence of malfunctions or conditions under which, in accordance with the Basic Provisions for the admission of vehicles to operation and the duties of officials to ensure road safety, the operation of the vehicle is prohibited, with the exception of malfunctions and conditions specified in parts 2 - 7 of this article - entails warning or imposition of an administrative fine in the amount of five hundred rubles.

2. Driving a vehicle with known faulty braking system(excluding parking brake), steering or hitch(as part of a train) - entails the imposition of an administrative fine in the amount of five hundred rubles».

Order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia dated March 2, 2009 N 185 (as amended on December 22, 2014) “On approval administrative regulations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation for the execution of the state function of control and supervision over compliance by road users with requirements in the field of ensuring road safety”:

"145. If a vehicle is detected that is operated in the presence of a malfunction or a condition included in the List of malfunctions and conditions under which the operation of vehicles is prohibited<1>, or a malfunction provided for by the rules technical operation(for trolleybuses and trams), with the exception of those specified in parts 2 - 6 of Article 12.5 of the Code, by an employee when initiating a case on administrative offense provided for by part 1 of Article 12.5 of the Code, the driver is asked to stop driving until the corresponding malfunctions or conditions are eliminated taking into account at the same time that the imposition of an administrative penalty does not relieve the driver from the performance of the obligation, for the failure to fulfill which the administrative penalty was imposed. At the same time, the parking of the vehicle should not pose a threat to road safety.

« 146. The grounds for the detention of a vehicle are:
... part 2 of article 12.5 (driving a vehicle with a knowingly faulty brake system (except for the parking brake), steering or coupling device (as part of a train)), part 1 of article 12.7 (driving a vehicle by a driver who does not have the right to drive a vehicle means (except for training driving))»

Max weight a car with a trailer is limited by law. Before considering the norms provided for in the current laws, one should dwell on what exactly the weight of the vehicle is.

The term "curb weight" means the weight of an unloaded car with full tank fuel and driver inside. This takes into account the weight of the average driver, which is 75 kilograms.

The term "maximum load" refers to the maximum allowable weight cargo that the car is able to carry. These data are indicated in the registration documents. To calculate gross weight, the curb weight must be added to the maximum load. The term "gross weight" refers to the actual weight of the vehicle at the current time.

The maximum allowable weight of a passenger car

It is important to remember that a car can tow light trailers. To tow light trailers, you must have a Category B license. A trailer is considered light if it meets one of the following requirements:

Its total weight is no more than 750 kilograms.
The total weight of the vehicle together with the trailer does not exceed 3.5 tons.

At the same time, you can drive a vehicle weighing 3.5 tons with a trailer weighing 600 kilograms. This is due to the fact that, according to the norms of the current legislation, the trailer will still be considered light, despite the fact that its total weight with a vehicle will exceed 3.5 tons.

It is important to pay attention to the technical documentation of your car, as it usually indicates the maximum weight limit for towing a trailer. Let's say your vehicle weighs 1.8 tons and you are going to tow a trailer with a total weight of 1.4 tons. If the technical documentation for your car indicates a maximum trailer weight of 1.35 tons, then you will not be able to tow the trailer mentioned above, despite the fact that the total weight of the car and trailer does not exceed 3.5 tons.

Optimal hitch pressure

If you plan to use the trailer to transport any goods, then you should distribute it in such a way that the maximum pressure on the towbar is 50-80 kilograms. If this rule is not observed, you may have significant problems with the grip of the front wheels, and your headlights will dazzle oncoming traffic.

If the pressure on the towbar is less than normal, then your car will have significant problems with the rear wheels.

According to the norms of the current legislation, if the weight of an empty trailer exceeds 400 kilograms, then it is in without fail must be completed parking brake. If the total weight of the trailer exceeds 750 kilograms, then it must be equipped with service brakes.

To provide required level safety on the road, the following rules must be observed:

The load must be securely fixed with a rope or special belts.
The fasteners with which the load is fixed must be able to support its full weight.
The load distribution must be even. Do not allow the main load to fall on one of the axles or one of the sides of the trailer. Since otherwise, the likelihood of swaying and tipping over of the trailer increases significantly.

Maximum weight of truck with trailer

The maximum permitted mass of a truck with a trailer is also regulated at the legislative level. According to current laws freight car can tow Various types trailers. The category of the vehicle, as well as the features of its design, has a direct impact on its maximum permissible weight together with the trailer.

The total weight of two-axle vehicles with a trailer must not exceed 18 tons. For three-axle vehicles with a trailer, the weight limit is 24 tons. If a three-axle vehicle is equipped with a driving axle with two pairs of wheels, then its maximum permitted mass with a trailer is 25 tons.

The maximum allowable weight for a vehicle equipped with two driven axles equipped with two pairs of wheels is 32 tons.

Source: www.mvd.ru www.gibdd.ru

First, let's understand the concepts. I'll start in order, with the most important, in my opinion.

The rules for passing qualifying exams and issuing driver's licenses indicate that (see paragraph 4):

“Driver's licenses with permission marks in columns "A", "B", "C", "D" and "E" confirm the right to drive vehicles of the corresponding categories:

5) category "E" - combinations of vehicles with a tractor belonging to categories "B", "C" or "D", which the driver has the right to drive, but which do not themselves fall into one of these categories or into these categories.

In the forms of driver's licenses, as you probably noticed more than once, the categories are marked in the same way (with the exception of category A).

Trailer- a vehicle not equipped with an engine and intended to be driven in combination with a power-driven vehicle. The term also applies to semi-trailers and trailers-dissolutions (SDA).

Comments to the SDA add: “A mechanical vehicle with a trailer (trailers) of any type is a road train or a combination of vehicles, where a mechanical vehicle acts as a tractor. The trailer is characterized by the fact that it is attached to the vehicle tractor from behind by using rigid connecting hinge elements. When using trailers, in all cases, it should be taken into account that the actual weight of the trailer with a load should not exceed the corresponding parameter set by the manufacturer of the towing vehicle as the maximum allowable.

Permissible maximum weight

Permissible maximum mass - the mass of the equipped vehicle with cargo, driver and passengers, established by the manufacturer as the maximum allowable. For the permitted maximum mass of the composition of vehicles, i.e. coupled and moving as a whole, the sum of the permitted maximum masses of the vehicles included in the composition (SDA) is taken.

And Comments to the SDA: “The maximum permissible mass is the sum of the mass of the equipped vehicle and the mass of the maximum allowable payload, determined by the vehicle manufacturer and including the mass of cargo, the mass (weight) of the driver and passengers.

The value of the permitted maximum weight for a specific vehicle model is indicated in the vehicle's passport, as well as in the certificate of registration.

Curb weight of the vehicle

The curb weight of the vehicle is the weight of the vehicle (“tare weight”) with a full refueling of fuels and lubricants and coolant, a set of tools, spare parts and accessories provided for in the instruction (manual) for the operation of the vehicle and the Basic Provisions. (Comments to traffic rules. General provisions).

And now it's time to take up the analysis of resolutions, orders and regulations of the government of the Russian Federation.

What do we have today? I will speak in an accessible and understandable language. Those who need the legislative part of this report will be provided with the necessary links and a list of documents.

So:

1. If you are driving your light vehicle, truck or bus and a trailer attached to it, whose permissible maximum weight does not exceed 750 kg, then it is enough for you to have an open category B, C or D, respectively (clause 1.7. Decree dated December 15, 1999 N 1396 On approval of the rules for passing qualifying exams and issuing a driver's license).

For example.

Let's say I need to transport a snowmobile in my little car. The car weighs 1400 kg (that is, it belongs to category B). A small trailer weighing, say, 700 kg is quite suitable for this. When checking a driver's license, it is enough for the inspector to see the open category "B".

where Msts - Permissible maximum mass of the vehicle composition

For example.

An example of such transportation: a trailer - 1000 kg, and a car - 2000 kg (belongs to category B). Trailer over 750 kg. And it seems that category E is already needed. But ... clause 1.8 of the Decree, which many people forget about or simply do not know about, allows us to transport such a train in the presence of only category B. After all, the mass of such a train does not exceed 3500 kg.

3. If you have a trailer with a maximum permitted weight of more than 750 kg, then make sure that your category (B, C, D) has category E.

where Mp is the Permissible weight of the trailer (indicated in the TCP)

In special marks on your certificate should be noted: E to B, E to C or E to D (clause 34 of the Appendix to the Order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia dated July 20, 2000 No. 782).

Yes, I draw your attention to the following fact. According to the Federal Law "On Road Safety", the right to drive trains of vehicles (category E) is granted to persons with categories "B", "C" or "D" if they have at least 12 months of experience in driving the vehicle of the corresponding category .

Yes, and do not forget about the age restrictions.

Dimensions

Many drivers are overcome by the question of exceeding the dimensions when transporting a particular cargo. So, traffic rules tell us that:

"23.4. Cargo protruding beyond the dimensions of the vehicle in front or behind by more than 1 m or to the side by more than 0.4 m from the outer edge of the side light must be marked with identification signs "Oversized cargo", and at night and at conditions of insufficient visibility, in addition, in front - with a white lamp or retroreflector, and in the rear - with a red lamp or retroreflector.

If the dimensions of your vehicle with or without cargo exceed:

2.55 m - in width,

4 m - in height (from the surface of the carriageway)

20 m - in length (including one trailer),

or the cargo carried protrudes more than 2 m beyond the back point of the clearance,

then the movement of such a vehicle is carried out in accordance with special rules (clause 23.5 of the SDA).

fines

As for fines, the punishment for driving a vehicle by a person who does not have the right to drive this vehicle is a fine of 2,500 rubles (clause 12.7 of the Code of Administrative Offenses).

My advice to you, and not only mine. During a conversation with a traffic police officer, I came to the conclusion that it is better to carry a copy of the Resolution with you.

As for the comments to the Rules of the Road, I will only say that they, as such, have no legal force. But for even greater confidence, comments edited by the head of the Department of Road Safety V.N. Kiryanov will not interfere.

Below is a list of legislative documents and necessary links.

1. DECISION No. 1396 of December 15, 1999 “On APPROVAL OF THE RULES FOR PASSING QUALIFICATION EXAMS AND ISSUING DRIVER'S LICENSE”.

2. ORDER of February 19, 1999 N 120 "ON APPROVAL OF SAMPLES OF DRIVER'S LICENSE" (as amended by Order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation of July 20, 2000 N 782).

3. DECISION No. 1090 of October 23, 1993 "On the RULES OF THE TRAFFIC".

5. FEDERAL LAW "ON ROAD SAFETY" (Adopted by the State Duma on November 15, 1995).

7. CODE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION ON ADMINISTRATIVE LEGAL VIOLATIONS (Adopted by the State Duma on December 20, 2001).

8. Comments on the Rules of the Road of the Russian Federation and on the main provisions on the admission of vehicles to operation and the duties of officials to ensure road safety (as of January 1, 2007, edited by the Chief State Inspector of Road Safety Russian Federation Lieutenant-General of Militia V.N. Kiryanov).

Many owners of passenger cars periodically face the need to transport fairly large and heavy loads. Especially often, such a need arises among small businesses who need to transport their goods or materials for production, as well as among avid summer residents who need to bring garden equipment to the dacha, and from the dacha - the products of their summer labor. An indispensable assistant in these cases, it becomes a trailer, which significantly expands the transportation capabilities of the machine. But it is also often the source of problems with traffic inspectors.

The vast majority of car owners and, accordingly, owners driving license with category B, standard trailers are used for transportation, the weight limit for which is 750 kilograms. As you know, the law for drivers in category B is allowed to drive with a trailer of a car, the maximum weight of which in a loaded state is 3,500 kilograms.

If the fully loaded car itself weighs, say, 3,200 kilograms, then the total weight of the resulting road train is 3,950 kilograms. On the basis of such a simple calculation, some traffic police inspectors issue fines to drivers for exceeding the permitted weight, motivating their actions by the absence of an open category BE among the “violators”. But are the representatives of the law right in these cases?

What does the law actually say?

If we carefully read the description of category B, opening Article 25 of the Law 196-FZ (Chapter IV), then it will become clear to anyone that the requirement that a road train not exceed a weight of 3,500 kilograms applies only to those vehicles that carry heavy (more than 750 kilograms) trailer. For example, if your loaded trailer weighs 1,300 kilograms, then it can only be transported by a car weighing more than 1,300 but less than 2,200 kilograms.

In the same case, when the own loaded weight of the machine is less than 3,500 kilograms, i.e. corresponds to category B, the law does not require summing up the weight of the car and the trailer if the weight of the trailer does not exceed 750 kilograms. This means that the driver of a car weighing 3,200 kilograms may well carry a 750-kilogram trailer on our roads, and there is no violation in this. To drive such a road train, a license with open category B. This standard is in line with similar regulatory requirements of any European country.

What is category BE?

The BE subcategory is indeed necessary for driving cars with a trailer, but far from all cases fall under its action. All the same article 25 very clearly describes in which cases rights with an open subcategory BE are needed. This is the transportation of a trailer weighing more than 750 kilograms in a loaded state with a category B machine, i.e. the total weight of which maximum load no more than 3,500 kilograms. Wherein Weight Limit loaded trailer may exceed the weight of the unladen vehicle that transports it.

If it so happened that you need to periodically use a heavy trailer weighing more than 750 kilograms, you will have to take care of opening a driver's license for the BE category. To do this, you need to be trained in a driving school, i.e. learn the traffic rules related to driving with a trailer and pass an exam for practical driving. You should know that only those who have spent more than one year behind the wheel and have not received penalties from traffic police officers can open the BE category.

Experienced drivers can give beginners some advice regarding driving on the road. passenger car with a trailer.

The quieter you go, the more stable the trailer. Ride on high speed it is difficult to hitch a trailer, because when a certain speed threshold is exceeded, it starts to swing to the sides, which reduces the stability of your road train. Therefore, it is better not to rush.
The optimal road train consists of an all-wheel drive, long-wheelbase, heavy machine with a short rear overhang and a two-axle long-wheelbase trailer, the center of gravity of which is as low as possible, and the track is as wide as possible. The link must be long.
The unsuccessful road train consists of a front-wheel drive short-base vehicle with a long rear overhang, low-power and light, coupled with a short drawbar with a single-axle, high and narrow-gauge trailer.
You should be especially careful if rear suspension the car is heavily worn, and the tire pressure is lower than required by the standard. Negatively affects the stability of the train trailer overload and improper loading, when the ball has to minimum weight. In addition, deterioration driving performance trailer is inevitable if it is “shod” in tires of different quality.