Enabling manual mode automatic transmission. Automatic transmission - how to use? automatic transmission switching and control modes

Driving a car equipped with an automatic transmission is quite simple, difficulties arise for beginners who are not familiar with the principle of operation of an automatic transmission and with its design features.

You drove a car with a manual transmission and do not belong to the "dummies"? Then, at first, driving an automatic transmission, watch the position of your left foot. The acquired habit of pressing the clutch pedal, which is absent on cars equipped with automatic transmission, can interfere with driving. Obviously, before driving a car equipped with a selector, learn to use only one foot - quickly move your right foot from the gas pedal to the brake, without remembering the clutch.

The gearshift lever in cars equipped with automatic transmission is called a selector, it is additionally equipped with an unlock button that prevents incorrect gear shifting. The main advantage of this type of gearbox is the possibility of selecting a gear ratio corresponding to the driving conditions by electronics, without the participation of the driver. There is no need to learn how to smoothly shift gears: the “smart” box copes with this task on its own.

Driving a car equipped with an automatic transmission begins with the study of the main operating modes of the unit, which have the appropriate designations:

1. "P" - parking, used to start the engine. The selector switches to this position when the vehicle is completely stopped or when using the handbrake. Some manufacturers of cars with automatic transmissions in the instruction manual of the car indicate the need to use the handbrake during the application of the "Park" position.
2. "D" - move forward, allows the car to move forward. From the degree of pressing the "gas" pedal and the driving conditions of the vehicle, the gears will be selected automatically. When in this mode, the machine will not roll backward if the machine is on a slope unless the slope is too steep.
3. "R" - reverse, allows the car to move backward. This position is activated after the car has completely stopped, plus when the “brake” pedal is depressed.
4. "N" - neutral, used to warm up the engine in the cold season, it is not recommended to switch the selector to the specified position while the car is moving. Provides idle operation of the power unit without transmitting torque to the wheels.
5. "D2" (or S) - downshift, used on descents, ascents. It will be more efficient to stop the car in this mode than in the “D” position. The box will use only two gears - first and second.
6. "D1" (or L) - the subsequent gear reduction range, used when roads are iced, mountain serpentine, in some cases can be used for engine braking. In this mode, the car will always move in first gear.

Switching the selector from position "D" to position "D3" (D2), "D2" (D1) is performed when the machine is moving. Advanced automatic transmissions have additional acceleration modes:

• economical - "E";
• normal - "N";
• sports - "S".

Practical lessons

Set the selector to the desired mode by doing the following:

1. Start the engine (you can only switch the lever when the engine is running).
2. Depress the brake pedal.
3. Press the desired mode button located on the selector (if necessary).
4. Select the position that corresponds to the desired direction of movement of the machine: "D" - the vehicle will go forward, "N" - neutral, the car will stand still, or roll downhill, "R" - will go back. When you turn on the gear selected by the driver, the car will not start moving, and when you release the “brake” pedal, the car will go. Consider this nuance, do not take your foot off the "brake" ahead of time in order to avoid an accident.

Automatic boxes recognize the driver's commands by pressing the "gas" pedal: smooth acceleration, gradual gear shifting is provided by pressing with little effort. The intensive acceleration necessary for overtaking is achieved by pressing the “gas” pedal to the floor, while the automatic transmission will first shift into a lower gear, then the car will start to accelerate. Keep in mind: from the moment you press the “gas” pedal until the vehicle accelerates, there is a slight delay, about one second, this time is imperceptible when driving slowly, and in overtaking conditions can be fatal.

Having decided to stop the movement of the car, press the brake pedal. During a short stop, at a traffic light, do not move the selector from the “D” position - extend the life of the internal mechanisms of the automatic transmission.

Keep the brake pedal depressed after stopping the machine in the following situations:

1. Long stops (traffic jams), the depressed brake pedal will allow the engine to rest, fuel will not be burned in vain, use the “N” position.
2. The machine is on a slope, the selector is not moved to the "P" position.

The above instructions for "dummies" will allow you to drive a car with an automatic transmission. Please note: it is better to immediately learn how to drive properly so as not to harm the automatic transmission. It is difficult to correct bad driving habits.

Additional Modes

Additional automatic transmission modes include:

1. Winter mode, has the designation "*", "W", "SNOW", "HOLD", "WINTER". According to it, slippage is excluded during gear shifting and when the vehicle starts moving. The machine starts moving from the second gear. Switching to other gears occurs at lower drive speeds - this allows you to eliminate drops in the operation of the box during acceleration, and reduces the likelihood of the car skidding. Experts clarify: you should not use this mode in the summer - you can get overheating of the box due to reaching the maximum load on the unit.
2. The "D" position sub-modes limit acceleration beyond a certain gear range:

• "S" or "Z" - ensuring the inclusion of a gear no higher than third. These positions are used on sections of the road that require increased attention from the driver. When driving, use the "Z" mode, while watching the tachometer readings, its arrow should not fall into the red zone.
• "2" - the restriction of the inclusion of gears not higher than the second, the car moves at a speed of no more than 80 km / h. It is used on steep slopes, slippery roads.
• "1", "L" - used for severe operating conditions of the machine: off-road driving, steep slopes. Only transmission, speed not more than 40 km / h.

Additional modes of operation of automatic gearboxes allow you to control the machine under adverse conditions. Keep in mind: accidental activation of submodes "1", "2" at high speed will lead to a sharp slowdown in the movement of the car, will provoke the vehicle to skid.

An inexperienced driver can drive the automatic transmission, the following recommendations will extend the life of the automatic transmission:

1. You can not give a large load on an unheated box. Transmission oil warms up more slowly than engine fluid. When driving a machine with the specified gearbox type, drive a few kilometers at low speed.
2. Avoid wheel slip: do not press the "gas" sharply if the road surface is uneven.
3. Try not to tow trailers or other vehicles.
4. Refuse to turn on the neutral when the car is moving.

Proper operation of the automatic transmission allows you to enjoy driving and prevents premature failure of the unit, allowing the mechanism to work normally.

How to check gearbox oil The automatic transmission jerks the car when shifting gears

Every driver should know how to use an automatic transmission, regardless of what car and with what shift option (manual or automatic) he drives. Situations in life can be different, maybe someone will soon have to change the car, and it has an automatic transmission. It does not take long to relearn, since the mechanical method is considered more difficult.

Using an automatic transmission is much easier than operating a manual transmission. Even, provided that the automatic transmission has a lot more functions. Consider all the possible modes and functions of cars with an automatic transmission. So, the main and additional modes and functions:

• P-Park - this mode indicates parking (parking). When this mode is enabled, the internal blocker is activated. This function acts as a parking brake. The vehicle is stationary.
• R-Reverse - reverse, a function responsible for moving the car backwards.
• N-Neutral - neutral gear (before choosing the direction of travel). In this mode, the car can also be towed. It is not recommended to use very often.
• D-Drive - when you select this position on the stage, the vehicle will move forward. Drive mode can only be entered when the brake pedal is depressed (but not at high speeds). In this mode, blocking is provided.
• "4-3-2-L" modes are special modes that are provided for different roads with different surfaces. Each of these modes uses a different number (number) of gears. Such modes provide for various conditions of movement. For example, you need to move through a mountainous area, where there are not particularly normal roads. For this condition, you can use the "L" mode. In this mode, the car will keep one assigned speed, while not going beyond these limits. Also, this mode can be used to lift the vehicle up, since in this position the thrust increases (closer to the maximum).
  
• Mode D3 (S) - a gear in which it is better to control the car on uneven surfaces, especially when going up and downhill. This makes the brake work better.
• D2 - the gear is similar to the "L" position, as it is a low gear that allows the car to overcome very steep descents and ascents, it works especially well on sand and on ice.
• Steptronik, tiptronik (steptronic, parking sensors) - in these modes, it becomes possible to shift gears manually. This increases the control over the control of the car on especially dangerous sections of the route. This mode is not provided in every system, but if it is present, it usually has a cutout and is indicated by "+" and "-".
  
• Sport or Kick down - in this mode, it is possible to spin the engine more and at the same time it is possible to generate less speed. It is this mode that allows the car to accelerate sharply (often used when overtaking or advancing). In this mode, the engine runs at maximum. Cannot be used for everyday use.
• You can also find additional modes that cars are equipped with. These are: normal (N), sport (S) and environmental modes (E).
• Very often, the box has functions for the winter period in its arsenal. That is, there is also an operating mode for winter. This mode can be designated differently (HOLD, SNOW, WINTER), but this gear has the same meaning - it insures the car when it is driving on a road with ice, mud, snow, etc. It is forbidden to use this functionality during the warm periods of the year, as the box will constantly overheat.
  
• The Shift function is a button that provides a service call. It serves to ensure that when the power is completely turned off, it is possible to disable the lock of the automatic gearbox lever. Its use is extremely rare.

All (old and new) functions and modes of automatic transmission are described above, but the automotive industry does not stand still, experts are trying to come up with something new every day. Perhaps the automatic transmission will also undergo some changes in the future.

Terms of use

For someone who wants to learn how to use an automatic transmission and properly operate a vehicle with such a box, I will tell you the basic rules.

The main rule is that the use of slip is prohibited. The mechanical version does not tolerate various slips at all. This rule is quite relevant for driving in the winter, when snow and ice lie on the roadway. Under such conditions, it is necessary to be extremely careful not to overload the operation of the box, and indeed the entire system. It is also not recommended to resort to slipping in the warm seasons.
Very often, modern cars with an automatic transmission are equipped with additional features, such as anti-slip. This feature must be turned off in situations where your vehicle is stuck. Such a maneuver will allow you to safely leave on a normal surface. Since it is impossible to completely disable this system, its performance can be minimized.

It is not recommended to switch to the neutral gear position while driving, without any special reason. This mode is mainly intended for driving in "service mode", that is, in this position you can only move when the engine is off (when towing). Otherwise, with frequent use of this mode, there may be undesirable consequences in the operation of the automatic transmission.

In addition to these rules, it is also necessary not to forget that the automatic type of the box is a rather complicated mechanism that requires timely diagnostics, warranty service and replacement of the transmission fluid. It is important to remember that service maintenance must be carried out strictly according to the schedule, this is especially true when driving on our roads.

Use in the winter: As a rule, special difficulties in driving, when the car has an automatic gearbox, arise precisely in the winter. Therefore, this time is considered the most dangerous for drivers. In order not to break down under the influence of weather conditions, you need to know what are the features of driving in the winter.

It should be remembered that in the case of a higher load, the more warm air is released in the torque converter. Therefore, it is necessary to take some measures, provided that you often use the trailer. To ensure normal operation, you need to consider an option with an additional radiator so that the box is additionally cooled. When towing a trailer for a long time, it is not advisable to use an overdrive (tow at 2-3 speeds). Before using the trailer, keep in mind that the automatic transmission resource is developed faster when towing, that is, some elements of the system may become unusable very soon.

How not to use

There are some requirements and rules that warn drivers against improper operation of the vehicle on which the automatic transmission is installed.

Important to remember:

I wish you success in mastering a new type of vehicle control.

Video “The nuances of driving a car with automatic transmission”

The recording will tell you about the correct use of automatic transmission and about the opportunities that will open up for you while driving a car with automatic transmission. After watching the video, you will also learn many useful nuances associated with an automatic transmission.

An automatic transmission is a good option for novice drivers who are just learning how to drive a car. When driving a car with automatic transmission, the motorist does not need to monitor the gear shift when driving in different modes. We suggest that you familiarize yourself with the points in the instructions for the automatic transmission in detail and find out what you can’t do when using automatic transmission.

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Operating modes of automatic transmissions

In order to properly use the automatic transmission, first we suggest understanding the purpose of the main operating modes of the unit.

Main functions

What features are in all automatic transmissions:

1. P mode or park. When this position is activated, the transmission locks the undercarriage of the machine, regardless of whether it is equipped with front or rear drive. As a result, the vehicle will not move, all gears are disabled when P mode is activated. This position must not be turned on if the vehicle is still in motion and has not come to a complete stop.
2. R mode. This function is designed to allow the vehicle to be driven in reverse. Its activation is allowed after a complete stop of the vehicle.
3. Neutral gear N. If there are malfunctions in the operation of the automatic transmission or the power unit, when the engine cannot be started, the N mode will allow you to move the machine forward and backward for short distances. Unlike mechanical transmissions, the neutral mode on the machine has certain features of operation. It is not allowed to turn it on in traffic jams, its activation is possible in emergency cases.
4. Mode D or Drive. Designed to ensure the movement of the machine forward. In automatic transmissions, this mode has a lock against accidental activation. If it is necessary to switch from the Drive function, this can only be done if the driver presses the brake pedal.
5. "4-3-2-L" function. It belongs to the category of special modes used to operate the vehicle in different conditions. In each of these positions, a certain number of speeds can be applied. For example, in mode 3, three gears are involved, and in position L, only one speed works. Thanks to this feature, the automatic transmission does not overheat the power unit. The first three functions are best used when driving uphill.

From the video of the channel Open Studio Kostroma you can learn about the operation of a car with an automatic transmission.

Tiptronic mode

One of the features of modern automatic transmissions is the presence of the Tiptronic function. This type of gearbox refers to automatic transmissions that support manual transmission control. Thanks to its presence, the driver can control the process of movement in difficult conditions. If you are tired of driving an automatic transmission, you can switch to manual control. At the checkpoint in the car, in addition to the traditional modes, you will see a special recess with the symbols "+" and "-". "+" - upshift, from first and above, and "-" - downshift.

Sports modes

In the transmissions of some car models, there is a sport mode function - Sport or Kickdown. Activating this position allows you to spin up the speed of the power unit and artificially switch to a lower gear. If necessary, the sports modes allow you to achieve a sharp acceleration, for example, when you need to overtake on the highway. When enabled, this position uses the maximum power of the motor, but this function is generally uneconomical for continuous use.

Other modes

Depending on the car manufacturer, the automatic transmission may have other operating modes:

1. D3 or S - reduced speed. A good option for operating the vehicle when driving uphill. By activating this position, the driver can brake and control the machine more effectively.
2. D2. This is usually equivalent to the L or 2 position. Also a reduced speed function for driving downhill or uphill. Its use is relevant when moving on sand, ice or when driving in difficult conditions.
3. Economic - E. Activating it allows you to economically use engine power to reduce fuel consumption.
4. Winter mode. It can be marked as "Snow", "W", "HOLD", "Winter". When this position is activated, a gentle driving mode is activated on snowy terrain, for example, when driving on ice or mud. In most vehicles, this provision has limitations in regular use due to the increased load on the mechanisms and transmission assembly. Due to overheating, its use is not allowed in the warm season when driving on dry asphalt.

How to use the automatic transmission

In order to prevent problems in the operation of an automatic transmission, you need to learn how to operate it correctly and take into account the rules for using and driving.

How to start moving:

1. The brake pedal is sunk into the floor. The gear lever shifts from park or neutral to D-drive.
2. The machine is removed from the parking brake.
3. The brake pedal is gently released and as a result, the car starts to move forward smoothly.
4. To increase the speed of movement, the driver presses the gas pedal. The harder he presses, the more the speed increases. To reset it, you just need to release the gas pedal. Automatic transmission in automatic mode will begin to reduce the speed of movement.
5. If you need to quickly slow down or stop, the driver presses the brake pedal. If you need further movement, just press the gas.
6. Please note that during this operation, the automatic transmission should always work in position D. Disabling this mode is possible for a long stop.

Transmission control features:

1. Automatic units should not be used cold at high loads. If it is summer outside, after parking, the car still needs to be warmed up by driving a few km at a reduced speed and not performing accelerations or other maneuvers. Keep in mind that the transmission takes longer to warm up than the car's engine. In order for the lubricant in the automatic transmission system to heat up faster, it is recommended to turn on all positions on the lever. Or, before driving, turn on the winter mode, if it is supported by the machine of your car.
2. Stick to driving on smooth roads. Most modern cars have a negative attitude towards driving on uneven surfaces, unless we are talking about a car specifically designed for such roads.
3. Press on the brake and start moving after parking should be smooth. Such operating conditions lead to an increase in the distance between the clutches of an automatic transmission. As a result, jerks will appear when you switch gears. The operation of the car will become less comfortable. With a sharp start, the seals begin to rub against the drum, which leads to their rapid wear. Grooves and retaining rings wear out, resulting in wear products in the form of metal chips in the system. As a result, when switching the selector, a crack and crunch will appear. Under high loads, bearing elements break quickly.

Features of use in winter

No less important for the unit is the correct operation of the transmission in the winter season. If you do not take into account the basic requirements, there will be problems in the operation of the automatic transmission that will lead to malfunctions.

Channel Avtotema TV talked about how to drive and use automatic transmission in the winter season.

What to consider when operating a machine with a machine gun in the cold season:

1. If you need to enter a turn, and there is ice on the roads, the maneuver is performed at a reduced speed. Either hit the brakes before the turn, or shift into low gear on the Tiptronic when it comes to manual control.
2. In the cold season, before driving, it is necessary to warm up the car to operating temperature. It is important that the antifreeze has time to heat up, which cools the transmission, as well as the oil in the box. When the lubricant warms up, it will become viscous, this will allow it to circulate through all the lines of the system.
3. If the driver needs to go urgently, it is recommended to warm up the unit to at least 40 degrees. Before the engine of the car warms up to operating temperature, it is advisable not to exceed the driving speed of more than 40 km / h, the engine speed should be no more than two thousand per minute. Avoid very sharp accelerations.
4. When the engine is started and warmed up to the desired temperature, move the gearbox control selector several times to all modes. In each position, you need to linger for a few seconds. This will ensure the circulation of consumables through the lines of the transmission system. The driver must apply the brakes.
5. At low negative temperatures, the first time before the internal combustion engine warms up, it is necessary to drive in a gentle mode. This will prevent rapid wear of the automatic transmission components.
6. If you cannot start the engine, you can not try to do it with the help of a tug. Automatic transmissions do not tolerate towing either in winter or in the warm season.

Traffic jams

Let's dwell on how to switch gears at a traffic light and drive a car in traffic jams. If you get stuck in a traffic jam, it is recommended to let the automatic transmission rest for a while. This will reduce the load on the units of the unit and ensure its more economical operation. If the automatic transmission selector is moved to position D, then when the brake is pressed, the engine will try to push the stopped car. The neutral position is switched on, the brake pedal is not released.

If you have to stand in a traffic jam for a long time, the parking mode is activated.

The transmission will lock the wheels and rest the driver's legs.

Paddle switches

The use of paddle shifters is relevant on Tiptronic. The rules for operating the unit are generally identical. The gear selector can be switched to the "+" or "-" mode to increase or decrease speed. The steering wheel has similar switches with the same symbols. To increase the speed, while driving, press the "+", and to reset - on the "-". The use of paddle shifters is relevant in dynamic driving conditions. Thanks to them, the driver can change the intensity of acceleration and increase the speed of the power unit.

Channel “Learning to drive. Fan Channel of the Main Road” spoke about the nuances of operating automatic transmissions.

How not to use automatic transmission

To prevent failure of the transmission, you need to study in detail the instructions for the automatic transmission and take into account the following rules:

1. Towing a car with automatic transmission is not allowed. On classic transmissions, there is no rigid connection between the wheels of the car and the power unit, so in principle it will not work to start the engine by towing.
2. When driving at high speed, try to shift the automatic transmission lever, watch the gears. If you drive fast and accidentally switch to first or second gear, the car will brake sharply, a jerk will occur. This is fraught with serious skidding and an accident.
3. While driving, switching the positions of the automatic transmission selector is not allowed. If the Drive mode is on, then it is impossible to move the lever to the neutral or parking position, this will lead to damage to the unit.
4. If the vehicle stops on a slope, it is necessary to apply the handbrake. Otherwise, the locking device may be damaged.
5. The inclusion of a neutral gear when driving in traffic jams is only allowed in the heat. At high temperatures, a warm gear lubricant will cool faster, but constant use of neutral speed is undesirable. Its activation is relevant when it is necessary to move the vehicle in emergency cases.
6. It is not recommended to experiment with different oils, especially with lubricant additives. If additives do not match the specifications of the transmission, their use will lead to undesirable consequences. When replacing a consumable, refer to the vehicle manufacturer's oil requirements.
7. Eliminate wheel spin. This requirement is relevant for winter, when ice or snow prevails on the street. Especially it is impossible to slip on asphalt. Modern cars are equipped with traction control systems, which is important for automatic transmission. If the car is stuck in the snow, the impact of such a system should be minimized, but it will not work completely.
8. Always follow the maintenance intervals for the unit, which are indicated by the manufacturers.
9. Do not tow other vehicles or trailers, automatic transmissions are not designed for this. The unit has a certain margin of safety. And if the gearbox does not fail immediately, then over time, the operation of the car under high loads will lead to malfunctions. If you plan to use a trailer, then refrain from buying a car with an automatic transmission or buy a crossover or SUV.

User JoRick Revazov spoke about the nuances of operation and mistakes that should not be made when operating an automatic transmission.

1. When carrying out repair work, be careful and prevent new damage from appearing at the checkpoint.
2. The place where the repair is carried out should be as clean as possible. Otherwise, dirt and debris may enter the gearbox, which will subsequently lead to contamination and poor performance. Because of this, when performing repair work, it is not necessary to use knitted gloves or wipe transmission components with such rags. It is better to use nylon rags or napkins.
3. The components and elements of the automatic transmission during repairs must be washed and dried with compressed air. Washing powder is used to clean steel components. As for friction linings, as well as plastic and rubber elements, gear oil is used to clean them.
4. In case of damage to the gearbox housing, it is necessary to disassemble and flush the transmission cooling system.
5. Always keep an eye on the level of lubricant in the box and its condition. If the oil loses its properties, it becomes less viscous, dark, wear products appear in it.
6. When disassembling the unit for repair, all parts and mechanisms must be put on the table in the order from dismantling, so as not to confuse the elements during assembly. Pay attention to the installation location of thrust washers, sealing components, valves, thrust rings, crankcase screws.
7. If the transmission of your car is equipped with a chain drive, then during the repair it is diagnosed for rapid wear. To check, measure its deflection in the middle of the chain itself in two directions. Its total deflection should be no more than 2.7 cm. If this parameter is greater, then the chain needs to be replaced.
8. When making repairs, remember how the cables are connected and the plugs with wires are connected to the valve box. If you mix up the connectors during further connection, this will lead to malfunctions in the gearbox. Sometimes it is problematic to dismantle the plugs, try not to pull the connectors by the wires.
9. If the hydraulic accumulator springs are similar and you can mix them up, label or mark them. When the spring elements differ in color, the color should not be used as an indication of the installation site. If the parts are placed incorrectly, this will affect the quality of the transmission shift.
10. Be careful when removing the brake band. Its deformation will lead to problems in operation. Damaged tape must be replaced.
11. After thorough washing and drying of parts and components, all elements are subject to visual diagnostics. It is necessary to identify the level of wear and understand whether they can continue to be used. Carefully inspect the contact surfaces of the bushings and thrust washers; if there is damage or signs of wear, these components are replaced. There must be no traces of rust, delamination, etc. on the housing of the bearing elements.
12. When repairing, it may be difficult to remove the gaskets. To prevent the appearance of defects on the aluminum surface of the crankcase and to qualitatively remove the remnants of the seal, use a special aerosol and a plastic scraper, but not a metal one. Otherwise, you will damage the surface itself, which may cause leakage of the lubricant.
13. When installing paper gaskets, they must be thoroughly dried. Installation of elements on hermetic glue is not allowed.
14. The screws on the gearbox housing are only tightened with a torque wrench. The tightening torque is indicated in the service manual. If the screws are not tightened correctly, the valves will stick, the lubricant will leak, and defects will appear on the internal elements and parts.
15. When assembling bearing elements and seals, experts advise using technical petroleum jelly. The use of a lubricant is not allowed, as this type of fluid does not dissolve in gear oil, unlike petroleum jelly. If motor lubricant enters the transmission control system, it will clog filter devices and lines.
16. Before installing the brake band or friction discs, these components must be soaked in transmission fluid for half an hour.

Features of adaptation of the unit

After performing repair work and dismantling the automatic transmission with further installation, it is necessary to adapt the automatic transmission. The adaptation procedure can be performed in different ways. It all depends on the specific type of automatic transmission, car and year of manufacture.

Universal instructions for adaptation:

1. Start the car engine and warm it up.
2. Stop the engine for five seconds, then start it again.
3. Increase the speed of the power unit to about 3 thousand per minute.
4. Stop the engine for five seconds and start it again.
5. Hold down the brake pedal. Move the automatic transmission selector to each position in turn.
6. Get moving. Do not make sudden accelerations, move smoothly.
7. Accelerate to 40 km / h, so drive for about one minute, then slowly release the gas pedal and stop the car.
8. Shut down the engine and start it up.
9. Accelerate to 80 km / h, at this speed you need to drive for one minute, then stop and turn off the engine.
10. Start the ICE.
11. For twenty minutes, you need to ride in different modes, adhering to the same speed.
12. Remove any traces of transmission fluid from the bottom of the transmission. Drive the car for about 20 km, the engine load should be low. Make sure no oil is leaking from the gearbox. Check its level and add lubricant to the system.

Photo gallery

Photos of automatic transmissions in different cars are given below.

1. Automatic transmission shift lever in a Mercedes 2. BMW automatic transmission selector 3. Automatic transmission in a Skoda Rapid

As a rule, often the cause of automatic transmission breakdowns is their illiterate maintenance and use. After starting the engine, in order for the automatic transmission to take on a working state, it is necessary to wait about a minute before starting to move. So let's move on to the topic of this article: driving with automatic transmission .

Automatic transmission control

P range (Park) - parking mode.

This mode is selected when the machine is parked for a long time. In this position, the controls are disabled in the box, the output shaft is blocked, as a result, the movement of the machine is impossible (the drive wheels are blocked, the blocking is not associated with the parking brake and is located inside the box itself). Starting the engine in this mode is allowed.

Do I need to use the parking brake while parking? On flat areas, subject to serviceability, blocking the output shaft of the box for reliable fixation is quite enough. When stopping on a slope, it is advisable to use the parking brake. In this case, first you need to pull the handbrake, and only then put the gearshift lever in P mode. In this way, you remove additional load from the mechanism for blocking the output shaft of the automatic transmission.

Range N (Neutral) - neutral mode.

In this mode, controls are disabled. At the same time, with the output shaft blocking mechanism turned off, the car can move freely. Starting the engine in this mode is also allowed. N mode is used when towing a car for short distances, as well as for short stops.Sometimes some drivers have a question:

Do I need to translate the automatic (automatic transmission) into N at a traffic light?

It makes sense to transfer the automatic transmission to neutral mode only during long stops in traffic jams in hot weather, in order to avoid overheating of the automatic transmission itself. In other cases, this is not necessary at all.

Range R (Reverse) - reverse mode.

An attempt to turn on the R mode while moving forward will inevitably lead to a breakdown of the automatic gearbox and other transmission elements (on vehicles that do not have a corresponding lock in the transmissions, it is strictly contraindicated to turn on the R mode until it comes to a complete stop). It is also impossible to start the engine if the gear lever is in this position.
Four-speed automatic transmissions for forward movement have four modes: D, 3, 2 and 1 (L). It should be noted here that starting the engine is not possible if one of the listed modes is enabled.

Range D (Drive) - the main mode for moving forward.

This mode performs automatic sequential gear shifting (in this mode, all gears are usually involved, with the exception of upshifts). This mode is recommended under normal driving conditions.
Range 3(Number 3 on some types of automatic transmissions) - the first three gears are engaged while driving. This mode is active, it is great for urban traffic, it turns off when the ignition is turned off. Especially at a high speed of the automatic gearbox, it will not work to save fuel, this mode does not allow the torque converter clutch to repeatedly lock-unlock in conditions of torn city driving (no more than 80 km.h.), It is also partially blocked by switching to higher gears. Most suitable for driving when frequent stops are inevitable and for driving on roads full of descents and ascents. Engine braking is possible in this mode.
Range 2(Number 2 on automatic transmission) - in this mode, only second and first gears are allowed. Most suitable for use in mountain winding roads. It is forbidden to switch to fourth and third gear.
Range 1(L or Low) - low gear. In this mode, movement is allowed only in first gear. The traction capabilities of the engine in this range are realized to the maximum, since the torque transmitted to the wheels only in first gear is maximum. Particularly effective engine braking in this mode. Driving on steep descents and ascents must be carried out in first gear.

Overdrive (O/D)

On some automatic transmissions, a mode is set in which automatic upshifting is possible. O/D button (Overdrive) used to connect this automatic transmission mode. Its recessed position when the mode (Drive) is on allows you to switch to a higher gear. If you release this button, then switching to the last gear will again become impossible. The O/D OFF indicator indicates the status of the control system. If the indicator is on, then the use of the Overdrive mode is impossible, otherwise it is possible.

It is recommended to use overdrive mainly on the highway for a more economical and measured movement. Interestingly, some four-speed automatic transmissions (for example, (toyota) aisin 241e) can disable 4th gear with a gear ratio of 1, which is not an overdrive either!

One of the differences between the automatic gearbox and the mechanics is the inability to produce engine braking in each mode. In overrunning clutches, in modes that do not allow engine braking, the transmission slips and the car moves “coasting”. And when driver position 1 is selected, engine braking is activated from first gear. In the first gear in position D, such braking is not possible.

How to start the movement of a car with automatic transmission?

As a rule, often the cause of automatic transmission breakdowns is their illiterate maintenance and use. After starting the engine, so that the automatic shift boxthe gear has taken on a working state, before starting to move, you must wait about a minute. Before starting to move without pressing the throttle pedal, it is necessary to depress and hold the brake pedal while putting the gearshift lever in D or R mode. After waiting for a slight push, you can start moving by releasing the brake pedal and stepping on the accelerator pedal with your foot. Dynamic driving for some time after the start of movement should be avoided so that the oil in all components and assemblies reaches its operating temperature. Before starting to move, for more efficient warming up of the automatic transmission, the gearshift control lever handle must be moved to different positions, lingering in each of them for some time. Then, turning on one of the driving modes and pressing the brake, hold the car in place for a couple of minutes, the engine should be running at this timein idle mode. At low ambient temperatures in position R, it is unacceptable to start moving without fully warming up the automatic gearbox, because this (due to the high viscosity of the fluid in the transmission) can damage the planetary mechanism.

automatic transmission how to use video

Towing a car with automatic transmission

A faulty car is towed in N mode, but do not forget that it is possible only for relatively short distances. Due to the fact that the oil pump is also idle in the idle engine, the lubrication of the components and elements of the automatic gearbox is significantly deteriorating. All of the above is relevant when transporting a car over long distances. Therefore, if it becomes necessary to transport your faulty vehicle with automatic transmission, you need to do this at a speed not exceeding 70 km.h. and at a distance of no more than 70 kilometers. Otherwise, it would be ideal to use a tow truck.

Is it possible to skid on an automatic transmission?

It is more difficult to stall on a car with an automatic transmission than on a car with a conventional “mechanics”. But if this nevertheless happened, then “rocking” the car by switching the gearbox from the forward position to the reverse gear position and vice versa is simply unacceptable. In this case, you need to use a lower range, it excludes shifting to higher gears, and in this mode, try to overcome the mud area using the brake as a clutch. In almost the same way (without re-gassing and playing along with the brake) they perform maneuvers in a limited space.

Is it possible to shift gears on the go?

Switching driving modes on the go is allowed, but not in all positions. So, for example, it is unacceptable to turn on the P and R modes when moving forward. The inclusion of these modes is carried out under the condition of a complete stop of the car. Neglect of this rule will inevitably lead to serious. It is also undesirable to put the gearshift lever in N mode while driving, because in this mode the connection between the engine and the wheels is disconnected and, in case of sudden braking, can lead to skidding of the car. You can switch to any other automatic transmission mode on the move. In some cases, this is even necessary. For example, switching from mode 3 to mode 2 improves engine braking performance.

Additional modes of automatic transmission

In later model automatic transmissions, where there are more operating ranges, there are additional modes of operation. In the control system of the automatic transmission, they are present in the form of pushbutton switches. An experienced driver knows how to use automatic transmission modes, so let's look at everything ourselves.

Economy mode("Eco" or "E") - provides the minimum fuel consumption while driving, as the engine is limited in the speed range at each stage. Thus, the joint work of the engine and the automatic transmission takes place in such a way that in each overdrive, the engine actually starts from idle, further increasing them, but not bringing them to the maximum. In this mode, the movement of the car is calm and smooth.

Sports mode("S") - in this mode of operation of the automatic transmission, engine power is used to the maximum. Each subsequent gear is engaged at frequencies close to the maximum torque. Accelerating further, the rotation of the crankshaft reaches its maximum, and thus the engine develops its full power and begins to work with full efficiency. And the car in this mode moves with much greater acceleration compared to the economy mode. A special switch designed to implement a sport or economy mode is usually located next to the gear lever and may have various designations, such as - POWER, S, SPORT, AUTO, A / T MODE, etc. Sports automatic transmissions have also become widespread, which have slightly different transmission control algorithms. In this case, switching between different operating modes can be done both with a selector and with the help of the corresponding function buttons, when the position of the automatic transmission lever remains unchanged.

kickdown- a mode that allows the engine management system and automatic transmission to achieve high acceleration values, for example, to overtake. The automatic transmission enters this mode after a sharp press on the accelerator pedal, switching to one or two downshifts. The torque transmitted from the engine to the wheels will increase, while the speed range in the engine is such that its return is almost maximum. And when the maximum engine speed is reached, the machine switches to the next overdrive. If the accelerator pedal is released, the automatic transmission will return to normal operation. Sometimes, when Overdrive is off, Kickdown is disabled. It is necessary to take into account the factor that on a slippery surface with a forced downshift, slipping of the drive wheels and further skidding are inevitable.

Winter mode(Snowflake) - to activate this mode, a special button or switch with the following designations is provided: Winter, W, Hold (or Snow). To avoid slipping of the drive wheels on a slippery road when starting off, the torque transmitted to the wheels from the engine is required to be minimal. This is done by starting the car from second or third gear - this is fraught with overheating of the automatic transmission, so driving constantly in this mode is contraindicated.

Emergency mode- this mode of operation of the automatic transmission is activated in case of malfunctions in the control system or transmission that can lead to. The control unit includes a transmission protection program and this allows the car to get to the car service on its own. As a rule, in emergency mode, shifts are prohibited and any one gear is working. The number of such a gear usually corresponds to the gear in which the shift solenoids are in the off state. Also, when triggered, the torque converter lock-up is prohibited and the maximum pressure in the main line is set.

Adaptive automatic transmission mode (automatic transmission) | Automatic transmission adaptation.

Adaptive gearboxes owe their appearance to the progress in the development of electronic automatic transmissions. Control algorithms become more intelligent, hence new qualities appear in the same transmissions from the point of view of mechanics. Now the on-board computer monitors the features and driving style of the driver and adjusts the operation of the automatic transmission and engine properly for them. With a smooth manner of movement, the computer, by means of appropriate amendments, does not bring the engine to maximum power rates of operation, which significantly reduces fuel consumption. If the driver prefers a sharp, “gusty” driving style, accompanied by frequent depressing of the accelerator pedal, the computer emphasizes frequent acceleration and intense speed and brings the engine to maximum speed. In order to make the most dynamic acceleration, the control system switches two, sometimes three steps lower. It is curious that the wear of the friction elements of an automatic transmission is already included in the operation algorithm. Which favorably affects not only the comfort of driving such a car, but also increases its efficiency and.

Automatic transmission mode AUTOSTICK (StepTronic, TipTronic)

Such an automatic transmission control system, in which both automatic and semi-automatic control modes are provided (the first was implemented by Porsche), here the switching command is given by the driver, and the control system ensures the quality of such switching. This mode, depending on the manufacturer, may have different names: AUTOSTICK, STEPTRONIC, TIPTRONIC. It is available only on cars with an electronic control system for an automatic transmission, and even then not at all.

What is TipTronic (Video)

The shift knob on vehicles with this system has a special position in which the AUTOSTICK mode is activated. This mode has two non-latching positions, labeled UP ,+, and DN ,-, required to shift into low or high gear. Gear selection in this mode is made by the driver manually, the selector lever is pushed in the direction, -, or, +, - shifting gears up or down. When the engine speed drops to idle, downshifting is automatically carried out only in the canonical design. Some manufacturers of transmissions automatically upshift at the maximum engine speed.

The mechanical part of such a box is indistinguishable from a conventional automatic box, only the control automation and the selector lever have been changed. Such automatic transmissions are characterized by a cutout for moving the selector lever in the form of the letter H, and the symbols, +, and, -,. Still, this mode (AUTOSTICK) is more semi-automatic than manual, since the transmission computer controls the driver's activity and will not allow him to select a gear that exceeds the permissible engine speeds or will not allow him to move from a higher gear. The rest gives the impression of using a manual gearbox. If such a desire arises, then you can easily return to the normal automatic transmission mode by putting the speed mode shift knob in position D, so it’s more likely riding on automatic transmission than "poking" with a pen.

On powerful modifications of cars, sports automatic transmissions are installed, which are equipped with a manual gearshift function. Moreover, such a manual gear shift can be carried out not only by moving the selector up and down, but also with the help of small paddles on the steering wheel, pressing which allows you to lower or increase the steps. This is quite popular on sports cars and executive sedans, which are equipped with powerful engines.

Automatic transmission is installed on most modern cars, both imported and domestic. Instead of the usual gear lever, a special convenient device is installed here -. When switching from a manual to a automatic transmission automatic transmission, drivers have a natural question of how to use it. Before operating a new car with an automatic transmission, owners are advised to study the features of driving a car, switching modes, as well as automatic transmission maintenance.

Description of the main operating modes of the automatic transmission

For all cars equipped with an automatic transmission, automatic transmission modes are mandatory functions, which are indicated on the control panel with the Latin letters P, R, D, N. To switch to one of the modes, the driver acts on the range selection lever -. Outwardly, this mechanism is very similar to the usual gear lever mounted on a manual transmission. The main difference is in the way the automatic transmission is controlled. The driver does not need to be distracted from the situation on the road to switch to another mode of operation.

• P - parking mode (parking).
• R - reverse (reverse).
• D - forward movement (drive).
• N - neutral gear.

Drivers select the P parking mode if the car is stopped for a long time, for a long parking. In this case, all controls are disabled, the output shaft and wheels are blocked. Even when the engine is started, the machine cannot move.

The most popular is mode D. Thanks to the "Drive" mode, drivers are provided with conditions for the most comfortable driving with an automatic transmission. With increased pressure on the gas pedal to the floor, the automatic transmission automatically selects the most suitable speed. If it is necessary to brake or change driving conditions, the engine brakes in automatic mode.

Additional automatic transmission modes

Automatic transmissions of modern vehicles with a large number of operating ranges are equipped with several additional programs. To take advantage of additional features, drivers here use special toggle buttons:

• ECO mode (economical);
• sporty S;
• kickdown - maximum accelerations;
• winter;
• emergency.

When the economy program button is activated, fuel consumption is minimal due to the speed range limitation in each gear. When switching to an increased stage, the power unit first works at idle, gradually increasing them, but not reaching the maximum. This program ensures that the machine runs smoothly.

In sport mode S, the internal combustion engine operates at full power, which is used to the maximum by the gearbox. When switching the automatic transmission to the next gear, the rotation of the output shaft is completely transferred to the box, developing ever greater acceleration.

In the maximum acceleration mode, it is convenient to overtake on the road.

The emergency mode program is activated when a malfunction occurs in the computer or automatic transmission. Being in this mode, the car has the ability to independently reach the nearest service center in one gear without switching.

Description of winter mode "W"

The most popular among motorists is an additional program called "winter mode".

Possible designations for winter mode:

• snowflake *;
• "Snow";
• "Winter";
• "COLD";
• the letter "W".

When using this program, the car on a snowy track starts moving from second gear without slipping. Subsequent gear changes are made at lower engine speeds. This is provided to avoid sudden drifts and accelerations of the car. During the summer period, this program is not used, because on the “Winter” the automatic gearbox receives additional heating due to increased loads. At negative ambient temperatures, the oil in the transmission cools down quickly, so that additional heating does not pose a threat to the gearbox.

The "Snow" mode is undesirable when driving on clean highways inside the city, where there is a relatively good coverage. It is more in demand for driving on dirt country roads in winter conditions. The most dangerous use of the winter program is when the vehicle is slipping. It is recommended to avoid places where the wheels of the machine can get stuck (slippery areas under loose snow, deep puddles of unpaved roads, etc.).

Features of driving a car with automatic transmission

Driving a car with an automatic transmission begins with the following steps:

1. Press the brake pedal.
2. Set the shift lever to position D.
3. Take the car off the handbrake.
4. Slowly release the brake pedal.
5. The car starts moving.
6. To increase the speed of the vehicle, you need to increase the pressure on the accelerator pedal.
7. To stop the car, you must act on the brake pedal.
8. When the car is parked for a long time, the selector is moved to the “parking” position.

For each vehicle, special accompanying documentation has been developed, which sets out recommendations for servicing a particular auto gearbox. It also includes detailed instructions on how to properly use the automatic transmission.