Remember such a fabulous story in which, despite the huge number of featherbeds, the main character does not sleep all night because of a tiny pea at the very bottom? The next morning she had the impression that the bed seemed to be wonderful, but she did not get enough sleep.

Approximately the same feeling would appear after each trip if such essential element called pendant. On the one hand, it seems to have reached the place, but now you know the way to the smallest pebble or pothole. Can you describe how the suspension works?

IN Soviet years almost any motorist was able to tell about her theoretical device, and also knew what type was on his car. Now a large number of motorists prefer not to bother with their own repairs, that is, when there are difficulties with the car, they come to auto repair shops. Therefore, the device of his car knows well, if only one in four. Many will ask - why do you need to know about the device of the car, if there is an auto repairman. But then why do they teach about anatomy at school if there are doctors? The simplest answer would be - for the sake of interest and new knowledge. Let's look at how the rear suspension of the Kia Sid station wagon works.

What is the structure of the suspension?

Structurally, it is divided into the following parts:

• guide element that defines the nature of the movement car wheels in relation to the body. Various levers can be used as guides, such as, for example, longitudinal or transverse, double and others;
• elastic element. It is assumed that perceiving the load from irregularities pavement, it accumulates and transfers the received energy to the car body. These elements are divided into metal (spring, spring and torsion bar) and non-metallic (rubber, pneumatic, hydropneumatic and rubber);
• extinguishing device. Designed to reduce the amplitude of body vibrations arising during the operation of the elastic element;
• stabilizer longitudinal stability. By distributing the weight of the car on the wheels when cornering, it reduces the amount of its roll;
• wheel support, perceiving forces from the wheel, redistributes them between other suspension elements;
• fastening elements combine all of the above parts into a single whole. It can be a rigid bolted connection, using elastic elements (rubber-metal bushings or silent blocks) or a ball joint.

It is generally accepted that the suspension on a car can be either dependent or independent. The difference between them lies in the fact that in the case dependent suspension the wheels are connected by a rigid beam, that is, the rotation of one wheel is transferred to another. With an independent suspension, there is no connection between the wheels, that is, they can move freely in the transverse (relative to the body) plane. Of course, this is only the initial information and if you wish, you can find a lot of interesting things.

How is the suspension of the Kia cee'd station wagon

According to sources, the design of the rear suspension is made as an independent multi-link. What is meant by independent suspension, we have already found out. It remains to be understood what a multi-link is.

It is easy to see in the figure that (at least) four levers are used to fasten the wheel hub and, thus, a high ride smoothness and better vehicle handling are achieved.

The front suspension is also independent, but using MacPherson struts in conjunction with a stabilizer roll stability. The purpose of the stabilizer should already be clear. Consider what a MacPherson strut is.

The figure shows that as the main element in its design, suspension strut together with elastic element(spring), fastened with a swivel joint to the wing of the car.

Suspension upgrade

Having traveled on a standard suspension, many come to the conclusion that ground clearance too small and needs to be enlarged. The first thing to do is to install spacers on the Kia Sid station wagon. They can be installed both between the spring and the body of the car (in the case of MacPherson struts), and between the spring and the mounting cup of the body (rear suspension). The second way is to install non-standard springs on the Kia Sid station wagon. Instead of standard springs are placed with big amount turns.

The table will help compare these methods.

Multi-link design in such a place as the rear suspension Kia car Sid is easy enough to meet today. This is a common scheme, which the vast majority of manufacturers prefer in order to increase stability and endow their models with confident handling.

Such a suspension is possessed by the "hero" of our material - Kia Sid. This scheme is not simple, but allows the manufacturer to achieve a very fine tuning of the chassis.

At the heart of any multi-link suspension design, of course, the front suspension is not taken into account here, there are such elements:

• levers, some of which are transverse and others are longitudinal;
• one-piece subframe;
• twisted spring elements;
• shock absorbers;
• hubs together with trunnions;
• stabilizer bar.

Suspension tasks

The scheme of the rear chassis in the Kia Sid model includes 4 levers on one side. Three elements are transverse, and the 4th is longitudinal. By means of the lever system, the correct retention of the hub together with the wheel in motion per unit of time is ensured. The subframe allows you to reduce the level of vibrations on the body, transmitted by the suspension elements.

Each lever is fastened with bolted connections through rubber-metal bushings, called silent blocks. Such softening components are present not only in the levers, but also in the attachment points of the subframe itself.

To dampen vertical vibrations, shock absorbers are used, which are supposed to work in tandem with springs. Thus, the most effective position of the body relative to the roadway is ensured. This is especially noticeable when driving over bumps, when the body, tilted under its own weight, quickly and efficiently returns to its original place with the help of these shock-absorbing elements.

For cornering stability and counteracting lateral forces, the stabilizer is responsible, which is attached to special subframe brackets and connected to its racks at both edges. Their resource (racks) is small, about 60-80 thousand km, since they perceive loads with increased effort. The durability of these components, as well as other components of the rear suspension, is affected by the condition of the road surfaces and the intensity of travel.

The steering knuckle is a kind of connecting link between the levers. With its help, the forces arising in the suspension components during movement are redistributed. KIA Ceed. A hub is installed in the trunnion (or fist) itself, which serves to hold the wheel and ensure its rotation. Some inexperienced owners are spontaneously misled, confusing the trunnion with the hub. To help such a contingent, we address a photo that will allow us to finally understand the type and purpose of these elements. The fist is circled in this diagram to avoid further confusion.

Differences in pendants in different generations of LED

Rear suspension in the previous generation, it caused a lot of criticism due to its excessive rigidity. Kia owners Sid complained about the lack of comfort when driving through bumps and potholes, when every bump is felt in its entirety. The manufacturer listened to angry owners and retuned the suspension, giving it different characteristics in terms of balance between softness and rigidity, without compromising handling.

How has the behavior of the suspension changed in new generation Kia Sid models? By the way, the front suspension is also improved. Let's set up a test. Having started the movement, we focus on the sensations in anticipation of shaking when passing bumps. However, nothing of the kind happens. While we praise the manufacturer, mentally showering him with all sorts of awards. The manhole cover of the sewer network appeared ahead. We aim at her with a wheel. So, ride! Yes, the sensations are not the most pleasant, but tolerable. We are convinced that the transformations benefited the KIA Ceed car and the new chassis significantly exceeds the design that was present in the previous generation.

Summing up

In general, the behavior is confident, but I would like to wish Korean engineers keep working on improvements so that the rear suspension and front suspension are even better, and then Kia car Ceed will be able to confidently "win" domestic potholes.

In most cases premature exit failure of the hinge and replacement of the CV joint with Kia models Sid, caused by the rupture of his protective cover. Water and dirt from the roadway enters the assembly, exerting an aggressive effect on the hinge parts, significantly reducing its service life.

Malfunction symptoms

• Crunch when turning the steering wheel extreme positions;
• Push when starting the car and when picking up speed;
• Noise while driving.

Replacement procedure

• Loosen the hub nut
• We are filming front wheel from the replacement side;
• Completely unscrew and remove the nut;
• Detach the steering knuckle from knuckle and stabilizer bar
• We disconnect the connection with the ball joint;
• Unscrew completely wheel nut;
• Remove the hub from the hinge slots.

Further, if it is only necessary to replace the outer CV joint, then we can replace it on the spot without removing the axle shaft from the gearbox. When replacing internal hinge Kia Sid, or both at once, dismantle the axle shaft, after draining the oil from the gearbox;

• We dismantle the old hinges;
• Having put grease in new products, we install hinges and protective covers;
• We install the half shaft in place;
• Pour oil into the gearbox;
• We collect everything in the reverse order.

Prices for replacing the SHRUS Kia Sid

CV joint replacement

from 1"900 rub.

Ball joint replacement Kia Sid

Replacing a ball joint on a Kia Side is a long and difficult process, which requires almost complete disassembly of the suspension. It is extremely difficult to do this alone in a garage - not only a pit is needed here, but helpers, and if you want to save time and nerves, then it would be best to contact the workshop.

Signs of a bad ball joint are uneven tire wear, rumble when driving above 60 km / h and knock when driving on rough roads, as well as uneven tire wear. When these “symptoms” appear, it is better to consult a specialist.

Prices for replacing the ball joint Kia Sid

Ball joint replacement

from 750 rub.

Suspension Diagnostics Kia Sid

If your LED wobbles when braking and deviates slightly from the direction of travel, if knocks are heard in the suspension area while driving, high speed the wheels wiggle, and bumps are heard on an uneven road, then this may be the reason for diagnosing the suspension, as this indicates a malfunction. Additional "symptoms" of suspension problems are uneven or increased wear tires, long braking distances, wheel wobble and premature ABS activation when driving on rough roads.

Suspension diagnostics do not have to be postponed until difficulties in its operation begin, this can also be done during scheduled maintenance. The procedure will not take much time - the services for this have special high-tech equipment and qualified craftsmen. Diagnosis won't take long. Regular check suspension will save you from unexpected problems and costly "repair surprises".

Kia Sid Suspension Diagnosis Prices

Suspension Diagnostics

from 350 rub.

Replacing the anther Kia Sid

The warranty for Kia Sid anthers is 15 thousand km, but the service life can reach 50 thousand km. Although this detail seems minor at first glance, but if it is not given due attention, then cracks and gusts form on it. Ultimately, this can lead to a malfunction of the CV joint, and indeed the entire axle shaft, and hence to expensive repairs to replace them.

As well as replacing the ball joint, replacing the anther is a long and laborious process, which has its own subtleties. If you want your suspension to work properly, then it is best to entrust this procedure to professionals.

Kia Sid boot replacement prices

Boot replacement

from 1"300 rub.

CV joint replacement

from 1"300 rub.

Suspension arm replacement Kia Sid

Sid's rear suspension is equipped with four arms (three transverse one longitudinal) on each side, which give good handling car and a smooth ride. These parts are durable, but a sharp blow to the wheel, improper repair or replacement work, driving on a rocky road or hitting an obstacle can deform or knock them out of place.

Repair of the lever when it is deformed is impossible due to the difficulty of complying with correct geometry suspension - here you need to replace. A torn lever is an emergency breakdown, and in this case, you should immediately contact the service.

After replacing any of the levers, it is necessary to check and adjust the wheel alignment (make wheel alignment), which is possible only in the workshop.

So, I'm also getting ready to change the ammo racks. Collecting [b]a set of hangers. A LOT and chaotically has been written on this topic, but what I have decided so far for myself:

Possible replacement options

CEED ED (dorestyle)

KYB based solution

B. Rear suspension

Bilstein based solution

B. Rear suspension

CEED FL (restyle)

Looking for someone to write! ;)

Complementing these lists other parts of the rack (see fig.). What should be changed along with springs and ammo? Buy original or eat worthy replacements other manufacturers?

We need RELIABLE solutions that do not change the worst side nature of Sid's suspension, which will improve the reliability and operational properties. Collective farming and finishing are also not acceptable.

Replacement of other suspension parts (except ammo and springs) - according to their condition.

Let's make a version of the normal manual!

Any comments, additions and amendments will be accepted with gratitude, the original

1 suspension device

The result of the work of Kia engineers is a fully independent suspension, focused on an active driving style.

1.1 Basic definitions

MacPherson type front suspension with anti-roll bar and reinforced subframe, rear multi-link. Ease of maintenance and durability make this arrangement indispensable in the conditions of Russian roads. To increase the rolling effect, the diameter has been increased wheel bearings. And L - shaped lower arms And gas shock absorbers Sachs help improve handling and ride comfort. On kia seed exhibited negative angle camber to achieve cornering stability.

The car can be understeered, oversteered and neutral. In order to obtain neutral understeer in the coast, the suspension is adjusted in proportion to the weight distribution of the car indicated in the info (with the driver seated in his seat!). However, this is not the best option, since under gas the rear-wheel drive car will oversteer, and the front-wheel drive will understeer. Normally, neutral steering is set to an intermediate gas pedal position.

1.2 Ground clearance

(Ride Height)

It determines the suspension travel range (Motion Range, in meters) and the height of the machine's center of gravity. Centrifugal force acts on the center of gravity, trying to overturn the car through the outer wheels. The inner wheels are unloaded and lose traction. The outer wheels are loaded, but gain significantly less grip than the inner wheels lose, and the total grip of the car drops. In addition, the car body rolls and tilts the wheels, reducing their contact patches. To reduce these undesirable effects and pass the turn on more speed, the center of gravity should be as low as possible. However, do not rush to set a very low ground clearance. It will limit suspension travel and can make it difficult to get over bumpy spots on the track.

2 shock absorbers

(Dampers, Shock absorbers)

The characteristics of shock absorbers are closely related to the stiffness of the springs. Springs affect the length of the suspension travel, and shock absorbers affect the speed of movement.

2.1 Compression force

(Compression Damping)

The compression resistance of a shock absorber affects the rate at which the suspension compresses: outer wheels when cornering, front when braking, rear when accelerating. The larger the value, the slower the car body will move when the weight is redistributed, and the easier it is to control such a car. The price for this is the weakening of the grip properties of tires - the braking dynamics and cornering speed will worsen.

2.2 Rebound force

(Rebound Damping)

Like compression force, rebound force dampens body vibrations in favor of easier control, only when the suspension is retracted (expanded).

3 Anti-roll bars

(Anti Roll bars)

They reduce lateral body roll (and with it wheel tilt) and make the car's responses faster and more predictable. But you should not overdo it with them, they do independent suspension more dependent - when one wheel hits, both the opposite and the entire body will tremble. In addition, stabilizers reduce grip. Accordingly, they reduce the understeer in front and increase the rear. They adjust the understeer at the stage of fine tuning.

4 Management

(Steering)

This is the distance between the axis of rotation of the wheel and the middle of its tire (A). When driving on a rear-wheel drive car with a positive rolling arm, the rolling resistance force of the non-driving wheel creates a noticeable moment on this arm, which rushes the steering wheel into central position. This can be useful on "nervous" and difficult to drive machines. In the case of "cotton" control, on the contrary, a negative shoulder is made to add spice. On a front-wheel drive car, when coasting or braking, the situation repeats itself, and when accelerating, everything is exactly the opposite. Therefore, any non-zero values ​​will alternately either help or harm, introducing an extra imbalance into the control.

(Caster - English)

Longitudinal angle of inclination of the axis of rotation

Provides dynamic stabilization of the steered wheels - in other words, makes the car go straight with the steering wheel released. The principle of operation is clear from the behavior of the wheel on the chair - in motion, it tends to be behind the legs, that is, to take the most stable position. To get the same effect on a car (rear wheel drive), the point of intersection of the pivot point with the road surface (c) must be ahead of the center of the wheel contact patch (d). To do this, the axis of rotation and tilt back, like a bicycle. Now, when turning, the lateral reactions of the road, applied behind, try to return the wheel to its place. Moreover, if a lateral force acts on the car, then the caster provides, when the steering wheel is accidentally released smooth turn machine in the direction of this force, and does not allow it to tip over. On front wheel drive car when braking dynamic stabilization works the same as on rear wheel drive. But during acceleration, the wheel no longer rolls behind the leg, but pushes it in front of itself, so dynamic stabilization is not required.

The value of the caster does not end there, when you turn the steering wheel, it tilts both wheels in the direction of the turn. When the wheel tilts, the outer rolling circle (1) becomes larger than the inner one (2), and therefore travels a longer distance. But since this is one and the same body and cannot be torn apart, then inner part brakes the outside and the wheel tends to turn in the direction of the slope. This means that the caster, by tilting both front wheels in the direction of the turn, increases the steering when the steering wheel is turned.

4.3 Roll axis tilt

Gives weight stabilization of the steered wheels. With this scheme, at the moment the wheel deviates from the “neutral”, the front end begins to rise. And since it weighs a lot, when the steering wheel is released under the influence of gravity, the system tends to take its original position, corresponding to movement in a straight line. Weight stabilization is present only when positive leverage run-in. But in a turn, the inkline tilts the outer wheel at an unfavorable angle (like a positive camber) and its contact patch deteriorates. And since it bears the main load in the turn, the entire axle loses grip. This disadvantage can be compensated by caster and camber, then the grip of the outer wheel will be good, but the inner (albeit less important) will deteriorate greatly.

For front wheel drive cars front axle grip is extremely important, and this stabilization should be resorted to in last turn. The powerful rear wheel drive cars on the contrary, everything depends on the clutch rear wheels and a slight loss of front axle traction in a corner is even beneficial, as it compensates for oversteer.

4.4 Wheel parallelism

(Parallel Steer)

With a value of 1, both wheels turn at the same angle; 0 - as the steering wheel is turned, the inner wheel deviates by a greater angle than the outer one. In a turn, the inner wheel travels along a smaller radius, so you need to turn it more than the outer one. In addition, as the steering wheel is turned, the toe-in of the front wheels decreases, thereby increasing the stability of control in the turn. The smaller the turning radius on the track, the smaller this value should be.

5 wheels

(Wheels)

5.1 Convergence

(Toe-in)

Positive convergence (toe-in): when viewed from above, if you draw straight lines along the wheels, they will intersect in front of the car. Negative convergence (toe-out): imaginary lines will intersect behind the car. Positive convergence on rear axle makes it more stable in a straight line. With a negative, the car will scour around. With the front axle, the opposite is true - the positive toe-in of the front wheels adds steering to the car, it becomes easier to dive into the turn. Negative will increase the stability of the control. A strong toe-in deviation from zero increases the machine's straight-line rolling resistance (decreases maximum speed, fuel consumption and tire wear increase), but at small angles this is not noticeable.

Like convergence, camber is the parallelism of the wheels, but when viewed from the front. At negative camber the wheels lean inward, and when positive, outward. This is done to maintain the contact patch in the turn, because, as already mentioned, the tire is deformed under the action of lateral overloads. Unlike wheel lean due to caster, camber is a static angle. Therefore, along with the advantages, it also has two small flaws. The first is that in a turn, the inside wheel leans from the turn and loses traction. But since it is unloaded, it does not play a big role. The second is that when driving in a straight line, the wheels are not perpendicular to the road, and the grip is not maximum. But since it makes sense to set a large value of this angle only for the rear wheels, then this is noticeable only when starting on rear wheel drive car. When braking, almost 70% of the weight has to be slowed down by the front wheels - rear wheel traction has much less of an effect.
The tilt of the wheel relative to the road determines the size and shape of the contact patch of the tire, that is, it directly affects the grip of the wheels with the road. On a straight line, the wheels have maximum grip absolutely perpendicular to the road (Fig. 1-a). This allows you to start quickly and slow down late. And in the turn, the lateral overload deforms the contact patch and changes the nature of the specific pressure distribution in it (Fig. 1-b). To compensate for the deformation, the wheel tilts in the direction of the turn (Fig. 1-c). This allows you to take corners with the same maximum contact patch, and therefore with maximum grip.

a - contact patch at rest;
b - deformation of the contact patch in a turn;
c - compensation of deformation by tilting the wheel
When driving in a straight line, the grip decreases, and you have to brake earlier.