Ways to get out of a skid. Controlled car skid

Skid- this is the lateral slip of the car due to the loss of adhesion of the wheels to the roadway.
This is a rather unpleasant and most importantly dangerous thing. A skid occurs, as a rule, on slippery, damp, snow covered road, and no doubt due to driver error. Causes: bald tires, a sharp turn of the steering wheel, sudden braking, strong pressure on the accelerator (gas) pedal, strong side wind, road slope. Most often, drift occurs due to high speed before a manoeuvre: when cornering, turning around, when avoiding an obstacle or when overtaking.
Skid- a dangerous nuisance, in that the car becomes practically uncontrollable for a beginner. The consequences can be different: exit from the road, rollover of the car (if the side wheels run into an obstacle when skidding). Skid happens: demolition of the front axle, both axles, rear axle(The most common)
Now let's move on to the actions themselves.
A skid does not occur on its own, in most cases it happens due to driver error. Therefore, if the car begins to skid, it is necessary to correct exactly the action (error) due to which the skid began to occur. If it occurs during braking, then the first step is to release the brake pedal, if you sharply press the gas, then release the gas pedal, or vice versa, skidding may begin at the turn and due to a sharp release of gas. Simultaneously with these actions, you need to turn the steering wheel in the direction of skidding (i.e., in the direction where the rear of the car was carried).

If the car is front-wheel drive, then along with turning the steering wheel in the direction of skidding, you need to add gas so that the front wheels, as it were, “pull” the car into a straight line. As soon as you feel that the car begins to level off, return the steering wheel to a straight position and release the gas. Delay in this action can lead to a skid in the other direction, i.e. will begin rhythmic skid.

If the drive is rear, then simultaneously with turning the steering wheel in the direction of skidding, the gas must be released, otherwise the car may spin around its axis.

For all-wheel drive models steering actions are similar to rear-wheel drive, but the gas pedal cannot be released completely so that the traction of the front wheels helps to cope with a skid. You can apply other actions. At first, do the same as on the rear-wheel drive, that is, release the “gas” pedal, but then immediately press it a little.
Do not apply the brakes when skidding, otherwise the car will go skidding and generally lose the grip of the wheels with pavement.

As for the demolition of the front wheels. Drift is the side slip of the front wheels resulting from hard steering, braking, and a combination of these actions, at high speed at the entrance to the turn (for example, when the driver turns the steering wheel, and the car does not react, does not turn). To return the vehicle to control, this case, it is necessary to reduce the angle of rotation of the front wheels until the grip of the wheels with the road surface is restored and at the same time release the gas, and then again smoothly turn the steering wheel in the direction of the turn. Do not press the brake. Be prepared for a dash the moment your car wheels grab the road.

The most important thing is not to panic. Unfortunately, many drivers, once in a skid, lose control of themselves, making rash actions. Keep yourself in control and drive the car to the last, and you will safely get out of this situation.
Cold-blooded, sober calculation and confident actions of the driver can prevent skidding.
Be careful on the roads!

IN winter period time, the cause of most accidents on the roads is the skidding of the car. It happens in a matter of seconds, but the consequences can last for many years. Since even the most experienced drivers are prone to unexpected skids, we decided to describe the main causes of skidding. Also in this article will be indicated how to act when skidding. If you are worried about your life and the health of others, read this article.

Reasons for skidding a car

Browsing. This is perhaps the most common reason a car can become completely uncontrollable. The cause of a collision with the curb may be the carelessness of the car owner, also a cruel joke can be played by a strong side wind or downed wheel alignment settings;

Sharp steering movement. Many drivers, driving a car, prefer sudden movements. It's not always safe. For example, if you jerk the steering wheel sharply, the car will become completely naughty. Better not to;

Ejection from the rut. It is not worth remembering how roads are cleaned in Russia. Unfortunately, due to the untimely cleaning of roads, ruts form on many of them. If the driver allows himself to be distracted for a second, the rut can throw the car anywhere;

Fuel supply when turning. It concerns the rear drive cars. Without completing the turn, the car owner starts acceleration. Such an action will result in a skid. Therefore, complete the turn, and then accelerate;

How to act when skidding

If you recall the book in which the traffic rules are described, then all actions during skidding are described quite consistently.

Remain calm, do not make sudden movements;

Turn the steering wheel in the direction of the skid;

Can't use instant

You don't have to be a professional racer to know what to do in case of skidding on the roads. Consider the prerequisites for losing control of the car, as well as all possible ways exit the situation when the demolition or skidding of the car began.

Difference between drift and skid

From the point of view of physics, skidding is the application to the rear axle of a force perpendicular to the rectilinear movement. It is this vector of application of force in sliding that turns the car around its axis. In this case, there is necessarily a difference in the coefficient of adhesion of the rear and front axles. talking in simple words, during the stern skid, the car tries to overtake the bow.

Demolition has a slightly different nature. A similar phenomenon is possible only at the front axle. In the event of a drift, the car does not change the vector of its movement following the turn of the steering wheel. The reason for this is the loss of grip with the road surface by the wheels of the rotary axis. During the demolition of the car, even despite the completely inverted wheels, it can only slightly deviate from the rectilinear vector.

When to Be Ready

Only in rare cases, loss of control over the car can be the result of unforeseen circumstances (for example, a tire burst while driving at high speed). In most cases, this phenomenon has specific prerequisites:

foundation of the foundations

Even a perfect understanding of the theoretical principles of skid recovery and drift control will not help you if you do not follow a few simple rules:

Auto with leading rear axle

In case of skid rear wheel drive car the procedure is as follows:

1. you need to hit the clutch and take your foot off the gas pedal. If the car is equipped with an automatic transmission, just release the accelerator pedal. By working with your feet, you contribute to the return of traction. rear wheels with roadway;
2. at the same time, you need to start turning the steering wheel in the direction of the skid. If you are turning clockwise, the steering wheel must be turned in the opposite direction.

Front-wheel drive

For a front-wheel drive car, the procedure is as follows:

1. turn the steering wheel in the direction of the skid;
2. in no case let off the gas; by measuring the effort, you can even add traction to the wheels. The force to be applied will depend on the degree of development of the skid. In the initial stage of development, even 30% of the pedal travel will be enough. To overcome a deep skid, the pedal must be pressed to the floor.

The essence of the manipulation is to start the implementation of which you need at lightning speed, to pull the car out of the skid with the drive axle.

4x4

Slip all-wheel drive vehicle- the most difficult of the presented situation. The problem is that all the wheels are connected to the accelerator pedal at once. In this case, each wheel receives its portion of torque from the engine. This factor depends on several parameters at once: all-wheel drive, differential settings, the 4x4 system control mode selected by the driver, the presence intelligent systems stabilization and others. Each SUV or crossover is individual in this regard.

The only condition that remains true is the rotation of the steering wheel in the direction of the skid. But with gas you need to be especially careful. Professionals recommend pressing the accelerator pedal just enough so as not to lose traction on the wheels. Add gas, as we would do in the case of a front-wheel drive car, or, conversely, let go completely, driving a car with a leading rear axle, it is forbidden.

How to prevent dynamic drift

The main mistake of many drivers is a belated reaction to the behavior of the car. Even for experienced drivers slipping is not a common situation, so not only do they often get lost, but they do everything late.

Reacting to the slip and trying to catch the rear of the car, the driver twists the steering wheel in the direction of the skid. The car straightens up. This moment is the most important. Straightening up, the car has an inertial force, which will now provoke a skid, but already in reverse side. In order to prevent this, you need to return the steering wheel to the "zero" position shortly before the moment the car straightens up. On a front-wheel drive car, at such moments, you can even let off the gas a little to allow the wheels to catch on the road.

It is quite difficult to do this, so even good driver this may require several steps. It is important that the amplitude of the steering wheel turn with each subsequent attempt to catch the rear of the car is less than the previous one. Only in this case you will be able to regain control of the machine.

Forget about the brakes

Hitting the brakes is something you should never do. Why? - you ask. If the car begins to skid, pressing the brakes will provoke additional unloading of the rear wheels. This will lead to more greater loss adhesion of the rear axle to the road.

We have to admit that for almost 90% of drivers on the roads, pressing the brake pedal is almost an instinctive movement. In order not to aggravate the situation by instinctively pressing the brakes, at first you need to periodically remind yourself of this rule. The best way to fix it is with practice.

Demolition

Now you know how to stop a skid, but what to do when the wheels are turned out and the car continues to “poke” straight ahead?

You will have to get rid of one more pernicious instinct. Most drivers, not feeling the response from the car when turning the steering wheel, begin to twist the steering wheel even more. You need to do the diametrically opposite - slightly reduce the angle of rotation of the steering wheel. It is strictly forbidden to press the gas at this moment.

If at the moment the demolition began, the gas pedal was pressed, it must be literally thrown. So you load the rotary axis a little. You can also easily press the brake pedal. If the car is not installed ABS system, its operation can be simulated by intermittent depressing the pedal. It is important not to block the wheels of the drive axle.

As soon as the car begins to turn, you can turn the steering wheel a little again. In this way, you can feel the edge of the adhesion of the wheels to the roadway, overcome drift and prevent the car from skidding.

Practical lessons

Even a perfect understanding of the theory will not help you to act adequately in emergency. The main key is practice. You need to learn how to feel the car, feel the force of inertia in order to adequately work with the pedals and steering wheel.

It is best to start this practice in winter, as a dry coating will greatly wear out the components and assemblies of your car. For practice, you need to find a deserted stretch of road where you can safely try to provoke a skid, drift or slip of all four wheels. Of course, you can hone the techniques of contra-emergency driving on.

In practice, drivers do not often use controlled skidding. There are several reasons for this situation. Firstly, this is the difficulty of performing this maneuver by the vehicle. Secondly, low in his performance. But, anyway, in difficult weather conditions it is sometimes useful to resort to his help.

Training

For the successful implementation of this maneuver, the technique must be perfectly honed in training. To do this, you need a sufficiently long time on a special site to completely roll back all possible options. Width at this practice track should be as wide as possible. There must be no obstacles and other vehicles. Otherwise, there is a possibility of collision with obstacles and possible.

To be able to manage a skid, you need to undergo special training.

Ideally for these purposes, a platform is suitable for driving lessons for novice drivers or drivers - extreme people work out various tricks while driving a car.

Classification

The most widespread by type of performance has received such a classification, depending on. Thus, the skidding of a car is divided into:

1. At front wheel drive
2. With rear wheel drive

In each case, the implementation technique is individual and fits strictly under one specific version of the machine.

Rear drive

Controlled skid on the rear drive is performed as follows:

1. Entering the turn on high speed vehicle
2. A sharp turn of the steering wheel is made in the direction of the turn, while the load is transferred to the front wheels
3. Clutch fully released when gas pedal is pressed
4. The clutch pedal is released, but the gas continues to be held. This action is performed until the car begins to slide
5. For the correct movement of the front tires on the roadway, the steering wheel is turned in the opposite direction relative to the turn
6. The steering wheel must be held in this position. Pressing the pedal must be selected so that rear end had no effect on the exit of the car from the turn

Controlled skid on rear wheel drive:

This sequence shows how to enter a controlled drift in a vehicle with rear wheel drive. It is also worth noting that such a maneuver is much easier to perform on this particular type of machine.

Front-wheel drive

In order for a controlled skid on the front drive to be performed, the following sequence must be followed:

1. On top speed, which is possible, the turn is entered. At the same time, it is important that the rear of the car slides.
2. Then the clutch is squeezed out, the hand brake lever is pulled up, while it is necessary to depress the gas pedal and at the same time the car should completely slide
3. In order for the slide to continue further, you must release hand brake lever and press full throttle
4. The next step is to turn the steering wheel in the opposite direction from the turn until the front wheels begin to move normally on the road surface.
5. Then the hand brake is lowered, the gas pedal is pressed to the full, while the sliding process continues.
6. Before you get out of the skid, you need to release the steering wheel and allow it to scroll until it is completely leveled. After passing, the manual control starts again.

Controlled drift on the front wheel drive:

Such a skid is much more difficult to perform than in the previous case. As a result, much improved training and large quantity training for the confident execution of this maneuver.

Four-wheel drive

The most difficult thing to drive in a skid is just such cars. These cars are very sensitive to pressing the gas pedal and quite in such skids. If you fully release the gas pedal and the car can turn around the axis. A full press of this pedal can lead to a similar result. It is important to remember that the machine performs sliding with both axles - both front and rear. When performing such a maneuver on a similar car, you must immediately turn the steering wheel in the direction of skidding and adjust the degree of pressure on the gas supply. In the process of skidding, you need to feel the vehicle. It is important to remember one serious nuance about how to get out of a skid in a four-wheel drive car - this is the most difficult type of car to perform such a maneuver. It is necessary to observe a clear balance of pressing the gas pedal and turning the steering wheel. It takes a lot of training and a lot of experience to drive such a vehicle to perform a perfect skid.

Controlled drift on all-wheel drive:

emergency braking

In practice, this maneuver is most often used to perform emergency braking. The reason for using it is the impossibility of using other maneuvers to eliminate an emergency. For example, a collision with another vehicle is possible. Other methods of braking (such as stepped and intermittent) cannot bring the desired result. Therefore, the driver has no other way but to slow down with the help of a controlled skid and then brake smoothly.

Braking - also plays an important role in controlled skidding

To do this, this maneuver is performed in the sequence that is indicated earlier and corresponds to the type of vehicle drive. After the turn is completed and the emergency is overcome, the usual is performed. Therefore, a properly developed technique of how to get out of a skid correctly allows you to quite often avoid emergencies. Each driver should be able to perform it on his car.

Conclusion

Usually, drivers feel that they should not be able to perform this maneuver and they do not need to know how to exit a skid correctly. But as modern practice shows, any knowledge and skills are not superfluous. Including on the road. After all, not only his life, but also the lives of other people depend on how well the driver feels his car and can perform any turn on it. Very often, such a controlled skid avoids an accident and saves lives. Therefore, its importance cannot be underestimated, every driver must master it perfectly.

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Car skidding is a situation that drivers often face when the winter period sets in. It is accompanied by a loss of adhesion between the wheels of the car and the road surface. There is a loss of stability, a noticeable lateral slip develops.

If you do not respond in time, there is a possibility of uncontrolled rotation, which is dangerous for the car itself, the driver, and road users.

What to do in case of drift?

The most common cases are when a skid of the rear axle of a front-wheel drive car develops. Here the front of the car continues to move in the same direction. In the same time rear wheels stop following. So, there are rotational movements that increase when exposed to centrifugal force.

You can correct the situation if you determine the cause of its development:

• slip caused too abrupt start, acceleration requires a decrease in speed - you need to stop putting pressure on the gas;
• in situations caused by hard braking you need to stop applying the brakes.

These actions are aimed at reducing the dangerous effects of shear forces.

To optimize the situation, it is important:

• to turn steering wheel in the direction where the car enters; then the machine will begin to turn in the opposite direction, it will take its original position;
• you need to evenly control the steering wheel, ensuring the gradual return of the wheels to the desired position;
• To prevent a rear-wheel drive vehicle from skidding to the other side, it is recommended to turn the steering wheel so that the angle is proportional to the amount of current slip.

During operation, movements should be smooth so that the situation does not worsen to the development of a serious or rhythmic skid.

Skid rear-wheel drive cars

It is not difficult to understand the reasons for the development of the situation. The problem is to learn how to get out of it, overcoming the fear that sometimes appears in the initial stages. The most difficult is the skidding of the rear axle of a rear-wheel drive car.

Here you can not miss the moment, you need to act immediately:

1. When a skid develops, the rear of the car pulls to the side, the steering wheel turns in the same direction.
2. Depending on the reason for the formation of such a situation, either the gas pedal or the brake is released.
3. Next, you need to work the steering wheel until the rear of the car returns to its original position.
4. At this point, the steering wheel should return to the position required for the subsequent movement.

It is highly undesirable, and even dangerous, during this period:

• use the handbrake;
• try to change gear;
• put pressure on the brake.

All this leads to increased drift, the development of a serious emergency.

Skid front-wheel drive cars

When a skid develops at the turn of a front-wheel drive car, it is worth considering the design feature.

Here, the front wheels should pull the car, respectively, you need to put pressure on the gas, contributing to an increase in speed. In this case, the driver must ensure that the front wheels do not spin.

Stages requiring attention:

1. Without stopping to put pressure on the gas, it is necessary to align the wheels in the front.
2. Timely action when skidding a car is extremely important. Therefore, a moment before the stern is returned to its original position, the rudder turns in the opposite direction.
3. The steering wheel returns to its original position before the rear stabilizes.

When the danger has passed, the speed decreases, normal movement continues.

The subtleties of the output for all-wheel drive vehicles

The operation of all-wheel drive models requires skills and knowledge of what to do when the car skids, since these situations are the most dangerous. Often the driver can only wait until the car stops. Here the type of all-wheel drive matters. Also, most of it can be fed to a specific axis.

To avoid loss of control of the car, you should follow the recommendations:

1. If this still happened, it is worth turning the steering wheel straight in the direction of the skid of the car. The later the reaction is, the faster you need to turn the steering wheel to stabilize the vehicle.
2. Correct fit, the absence of sudden maneuvers while driving helps prevent unforeseen situations.
3. It is important not to release the gas, and pressing the brake pedal will make it impossible to maneuver later, which will aggravate the situation.

Such a situation as skidding a car on the road is quite dangerous. But even worse is to succumb to fear. Here psychological stability, experience and preparation are of great importance. You can improve skills by artificially creating drifts on sites or sections of the roadway where there are no other cars or pedestrians.

Why does loss of control occur?

Loss of traction between tires and the road surface does not just happen. There are always reasons for a car to skid, which are represented by mistakes, making wrong decisions while driving.

1. Skidding when stepping on the gas or braking is common. The solution is to stop pressing on the gas or brake pedal, and then maneuver.
2. Loss of control when entering a turn occurs as a result of:

• a sharp turn of the steering wheel;
• entry into a turn at high speed;
• sharp pressing or releasing the gas pedal when performing a maneuver;
• strong, sudden application of the brake.

In winter, when the road is slippery, any abrupt maneuver or driver's movement leads to a loss of control.

The following road sections require special attention:

• turns in places with serious irregularities;
• steep slopes;
• zones of forced movement under a slope.

Proper landing, accompanied by a tight fit of the back to the seat, allows you to feel the loss of control in time, take measures to restore safety. This approach will allow you to learn to identify drifts at the initial stage and quickly get out of them.