History of the future automobile concern STEYR dates back to 1864, when Josef Werndl founded the “Austrian arms factory” in the small mountain town of Steyr, Osterreichische Waffenfabriks-Gesellschaft, which soon became one of the largest enterprises in Austria-Hungary. Until 1918, the weapons factory produced light firearms, but when the flow of military orders dried up, the factory management had to seriously think about its future. True, back in 1916 CEO Alfred Schick planned to create an automotive department at the factory.
The famous designer Hans Ledwinka was invited to develop the cars. In 1920, the production of cars and trucks brand "Stayr", which received the playful name "Waffenauto" (Waffenauto) - "Gunshot car". At that time, all trucks were created on passenger chassis, including the very first 2.5-ton "Steyr III" or "12 / 34PS" with a 6-cylinder gasoline engine in 35 hp. In subsequent years, the chassis of almost all car models from “II” to “VII” with motors up to 40 hp.
All of them were distinguished by a simple and solid design, which made extensive use of rare at that time ball bearings. Since 1926, the company, renamed Steyr, began to produce light buses, which were even supplied to Moscow, since 1927 1-but ton trucks"Steyr XII" (30 hp), and since 1928 - 3-ton "Steyr XVII" (60 hp). In 1920-28, only 800 Steyr cars of all kinds were manufactured. The arrival of Steyr in 1929, the famous designer Ferdinand Porsche (Ferdinand Porsche) did not contribute to the increase in the company's interest in trucks. One of the few trucks of this period was the 1.5-ton "Steyr-40N", which was produced from the end of the 20s on the "8 / 40PS" light chassis.
Its development in 1932 was the 2nd ton car Steyr-140. Impetus for the development of production new technology gave the creation in May 1935 of a new industrial group "Steyr-Daimler-Puch" (Steyr-Daimler-Puch), which united almost all major Austrian car manufacturers with factories in Vienna and Graz. Having received a sufficiently perfect production base firm "Austro-Daimler" (Austro-Daimler) in Vienna, "Steyr-Daimler-Puch" continued to develop army trucks off-road and armored vehicles. Among them were a 150-horsepower ADAZ tractor (6x4), a 4-axle ADGZ armored car (8x4) and a number of special wheeled and half-tracked military vehicles.
Using the experience of Austro-Daimler, the production of trucks began in 1937 dual purpose Steyr-740 (4×2) and Steyr-640 (6×4) with a carrying capacity of 1.5-1.8 tons with a 6-cylinder engine (2259 cm 3, 55 hp). Meanwhile, on the chassis cars Steyr continued to build light trucks. In total, only 1267 were manufactured in 1931-39. trucks. During the war, Steyr was an active supplier of military equipment for the Wehrmacht, producing Steyr-270 (4 × 4) all-wheel drive trucks, RSO tracked tractors, tanks and self-propelled artillery mounts.
In September 1945, the plant in Graz came under the control of the American occupation forces, which made it possible to engage in new developments. This time, the main products were 3-ton trucks “Steyr-370” with 80-horsepower petrol engines. At the same time, work was carried out to create a family of 4-stroke pre-chamber diesel engines with a cylinder diameter of 100 mm and a piston stroke of 140 mm. and the number of cylinders from one to four. The first of them, a 2-cylinder engine, was installed on a tractor in 1947, and the following year, the production of a 3.5-ton Steyr-380 car with a 4-cylinder WD413 diesel engine (5322 cm 3, 85 l .c.) with aluminum alloy block, 5 step box gears, hydraulic brakes, differential lock and all-metal cab.
The license for it was sold to Hungary, where it was produced as the “Csepel D350” (Csepel). Since 1949, the expansion of this range began, which included new 95-horsepower bonnet models “480”, “486” and “580”, as well as “680” machines with a cab over an engine with a load capacity of 4-12 tons. In total, until 1964, 36 thousand cars of the 380 series were produced. Since 1962, the models “586”, “680M” and “780” with a 6-cylinder diesel engine “WD609” (5975 cm 3, 120 hp) have been added to them. After 5 years, 9-ton cabover models “880” appeared, and in 1968, turbocharging was used for the first time on a 3-axle machine “680MZ” (6 × 4), which made it possible to increase power to 150 hp.
By this time, "Steyr" fully concentrated on trucks, transferring the production of buses to the Austrian branch of the company "Saurer" (Saurer). In 1968 was established New episode"Plus" (Plus) with a tilting cab above the engine, developed by the French bodywork firm Chausson. This range consisted of several models with a GVW of 14-19 tons with engines of 130-230 hp. ” with a gross weight of 13-15 tons. Then there were numerous variants of 2- and 3-axle machines “991”, “1291”, “1491” and “1891” with a gross weight of up to 32 tons.
They used in-line 6-cylinder diesel engines “WD612” (6595 cm 3) and “WD615” (9726 cm 3), as well as “WD815” (11970 cm 3) V8 with a capacity of 160-370 hp, including options with turbocharged. Gearboxes "Fuller" (Fuller) had 13 steps, and a number of cars were equipped with an additional 2-speed gearbox. In the 80s, the license for the “91” series was sold to China, where these cars were produced at once at several factories. At the same time, Steyr began close cooperation with Daimler-Benz and the Swiss Saurer, developed a family of tactical army trucks, later produced by the American company Stewart & Stevenson (Stewart & Stevenson).
Steyr's activity attracted attention German company MAN, which has long considered Austria the sphere of its direct interests. In January 1990, it bought out 85% of the shares of Steyr, which was renamed the Steyr Nutzfahrzeuge truck plant. Despite the strong technical and design influence from MAN, in the early 90s, Steyr managed to maintain its image, brand and relative freedom: most cars were supplied with own engines and cabins in the old style, leading the story from the Plus series.
The company offered about 100 variants of trucks with a gross weight of 6.5-40 tons with a wheel formula from 4 × 2 to 8 × 4, which use a slightly modified indexation of MAN products. To the old diesels of the “WD” series with a capacity of 140-420 hp. added 4 and 6-cylinder MAN engines to 102-220 Horse power. The rest of the units were mainly purchased from specialized companies: ZF or Eaton multi-stage boxes, Eaton or Rockwell axles, MAN cabs. Gradually, Steyr's lot became the production of its own frames, some models of engines and its former cabins. By the mid-1990s, truck production had dropped to 3,000 a year.
Since that time, the final subordination of Steyr to the MAN company began, which organized the assembly of 12 F2000 truck models in Austria, and then the production of cabins for MAN cars of the L and M series. In 1994-97, Steyr was completely redesigned for the assembly of two more MAN series - “L2000” and “M2000”, which retained the Steyr brand and the previous cab trim for sale in Austria. In 2001, models of the new MAN TG-A family with a specific front cab lining were added to them. In the 1999-2000 production year, Steyr, whose staff grew to 2,500 people, produced 17,000 trucks and 19,000 cabs, with 95% of the models exported under the MAN brand. The share of Steyr trucks with a GVW of more than 6 tons per local market amounted to 23%.
©. Photos taken from publicly available sources.
The most popular cars in Austria are the cars of the Volkswagen concern - Seat, Skoda and Volkswagen itself. Among the models, the sales leader in 2016 was the Volkswagen Golf. The price of a new car of this model in the basic configuration starts from 17 thousand euros.
Greetings to all, friends! Maxim is with you again. We continue to talk with you on automotive and near-automotive topics. And today I want to show you an article that tells you which cars were most often bought by Austrians in the first half of 2016.
This is the same article, I saw it in different sources. It says that in the first half of 2016, 6.3% more new cars were sold compared to the same period last year. How can this be explained? This can be explained by the recent tax reform in Austria, which slightly reduced the tax burden for a standard Austrian worker for a standard salary in Austria by about 100-200 euros. The net Austrians began to receive more due to tax cuts. If you think about it, then this amount, 100-200 euros, is the amount that you will pay if you take a new, simple car on lease or take a bank loan. Therefore, this financial reform is directly related to the fact that Austrians began to buy more.
And so, for the first half of 2016, almost 172 thousand cars were sold. Do not forget that Austria is a small country, so this number is quite large. It is said that a little more is bought with diesel engines- 6.3% more than gasoline. Either way, it's growing. Here you can look at the brands of cars or by specific models. Let's start looking at specific car models. Which were the most sold in Austria in the first half of 2016.
Let's start from place number 10. This Skoda Fabia, they were sold 2812 pieces.
In 9th place we have Volkswagen Bus. It's such small bus. Most likely, some small entrepreneurs buy them more. They were sold 2953 pieces.
In 8th place we have Seat Ibiza - a little more than 3,000 units.
On the 7th place Renault Megane - 3086 pieces. Here is such a car.
On the 6th place Opel Astra - 3252 pieces.
On the 5th place Volkswagen Tiguan. Here is a subcompact minivan or a full-size SUV, I don’t know. They sold 3700 pieces.
In fact, of course, not only KTM. In narrow circles, the Steyr company and its ex-division Puch are well known, which built army equipment, passenger cars and SUVs licensed by Mercedes-Benz. Also well known is Rosenbauer, one of the world's leading brands of special (and especially fire) equipment, as well as the racing brand Red Bull Racing. However, the Austrian automotive industry lost out to the German one in a striking way, failing to develop into a powerful industry.
Now no one remembers the Viennese company Denzel, but at first it was a direct and quite successful competitor ... Porsche. Denzel produced sports cars from 1948 to 1959, their cars won a number of major rallies, but in the end it all ended in bankruptcy and the transition of the company's specialists under the wing of BMW. In the picture - Denzel WD1300 Super Sport 1954.
Gräf & Stift existed from 1902 to 2001, just short of a century. Initially, it produced cars (mainly luxury cars), but after the Second World War, it finally switched to trucks, buses and trolleybuses. In Austria there are still a lot public transport produced by Gräf & Stift. Pictured is a Gräf & Stift Type SP8 (1929).
Custoca was an Austrian kit car manufacturer that existed from 1966 to 1988 and made lightweight sports cars that mimic the design famous cars other firms. The picture shows a Custoca Strato model, reminiscent of a Lamborghini (not a Lancia Stratos, as one might think).
From 1934 to 1939, and then from 1946 to 1948, a Tatra licensed factory operated in Austria, which produced its own models under the Austro-Tatra brand (Austro-Daimler existed similarly). The main model was the Austro-Tatra 57.
The Felber Autoroller T 400 is an attempt by the Felber company, which specialized in motorized sidecars. Autoroller was produced in 1952-53 (about 400 cars were produced), then there was an attempt to change the model to a new generation of Felber Möve, but since 1954 the company returned to motorized carriages and washing machines. Only three copies of Felber cars have survived - two Autorollers and one Möve.
ÖAF is an existing plant owned by MAN and specialized in military equipment and assembly of MAN under its own brand. But from 1907 until 1971, ÖAF was an independent company and one of the largest European manufacturers trucks. On the picture - classic modelÖAF Husar.
Tushek & Spigel is a supercar company founded in 2012 in Graz. On this moment there are two models in the line, which differ not so much powerful motor how much light weight. The picture shows the model Tushek TS 600 (2014).
Someone is thinking about buying a car to go to work. Someone wants to travel around Austria in addition to studying and see the country on their own.
Someone remains to live in Austria and sooner or later you will need a car to transport children to kindergartens, for skiing or shopping trips.
Today's article is about what you need to know and what steps you need to take if you decide to buy a car in Austria for one reason or another.
Can I buy a car in Austria
Anyone can buy a car in Austria - if there is money. Here, register your new car, i.e. get a license plate, maybe not everyone.
In order to be eligible for local numbers, your accommodation in Austria must have the status Hauptwohnsitz. You can find out what type of registration you have simply by looking at what is written in your column Wohnsitzqualitat.
If you don't have Hauptwohnsitz, then you will not be able to register the purchased car in Austria. This obstacle can, of course, be bypassed by changing the status of your housing in Austria, but I don’t know how easy / difficult it is to do this. It may happen that Meldeamt staff will ask you to provide them with a document from your place of residence in your home city, which says that you have changed your status. And this is extra trouble with queues, documents, translations, etc.
Car registration
As soon as you bought a car, you need, as mentioned above, to register and insure it. In fact, these 2 points are very closely interconnected and now I will explain why.
Your insurance agent will tell you where and when to come and usually escorts you personally to the local registration office. He will help fill everything. Required documents, will answer your questions and always tell you what's what.
You cannot drive an uninsured car. In Austria, as well as in Russia and in many other countries, it is mandatory to have OSAGO - compulsory insurance that covers damage caused by you to another car in cases stipulated by the contract.
Those. if you, God forbid, drove into someone, your insurance company will most likely (depending on the nature of the accident) compensate the other driver for the damage you caused. But your car will have to be repaired at your own expense. Or buy a Casco insurance policy, in which damage is compensated for all road accident participants. But of course it is also more expensive.
In fact, insurance
As mentioned above, you choose insurance company and come with your insurance agent to the point of registration of your car. In the same place, the insurer gives you an insurance contract to sign, after signing which your car is considered officially insured.
Therefore, it is very important to register the car together with the insurer. Otherwise, you will get numbers, but according to the law you won’t be able to drive a car, because. OSAGO you will not.
Find out how much the insurance of the car you intend to purchase will cost and compare rates various companies possible on this site. When filling out the request form, you will have to enter personal information and quite a lot of details about the car you are buying, but this data must be specified, otherwise you simply will not receive the result of calculating the insurance premium.
Rooms - yes, insurance - yes, parking - ?
It is not enough to register and insure the car, you also need to have a parking space where you can actually park your car. It all depends on the city and the concentration of cars in it. If you live on a gebührenfreie street, i.e. where you can leave the car anywhere and as much as you like, then there are no problems - you just leave it on any free space at the curb.
You can look at the example of Vienna which streets have what status.
If you live in the gebührenpflichtige Zone/Kurzparkzone, i.e. a zone where you have to pay for parking during the day (usually marked with blue markings at the curb), then you will have to make a couple more bureaucratic actions.
Obtaining an annual parking permit
In order to be able to park your car on the streets nearby your apartment, you need to get something like a “parking ticket” from a local resident. You can do this, using the example of Vienna, in the magistrate at your place of residence.
This is called a long-term parking permit. Parkpickerl fur BewohnerInnen or Dauerparkbewilligung. It is valid for one year or more (you yourself, when applying for a "coupon", decide for how long you want to pay for it). This document costs much less than the daily purchase of parking tickets. Estimated cost the right to park at the house for 2 years is 220-250 euros. One hour of parking in the blue zone costs about 1 euro. Benefit in person.
To be eligible to issue it, you must, as a rule, possess 3 documents:
- , from which it is clear that at such and such an address in Austria, near which you want to be able to park, you have Hauptwohnsitz;
- Letter/certificate from your house management ( Hausverwaltung) that you have not yet been assigned a parking space and that it is not possible to rent a parking space or garage near your home;
- And, of course, a completed form, which you will receive directly from your magistrate.
What else do you need to know
- Even in Austria, as well as probably everywhere else, it is necessary to pass an inspection of your car. For new vehicles, the next inspection must be completed 3 years after the vehicle has been put into service. After this inspection, the next one should take place in 2 years. Thereafter, inspections are carried out every year.
For older machines, the rules may be different. Therefore, it is best to ask your insurance agent when you need to have an inspection.
- To move around highways Austria also needs to acquire the so-called vignette - Vignette. You can buy it at any gas station and for a different period of time (from 10 days to 1 year). It needs to be pasted on Windshield vehicle from the inside, following the instructions on the vignette itself.
- You should always have at least 1 in the car with you. reflective vest otherwise you will be fined in Austria.
The rear-wheel drive car was produced in 1927-1934. in the back of a 4-door sedan, station wagon, limousine and 2-door convertible. A total of 2650 cars were produced. performance characteristics of the machine: length - 5 - 5.5 m; width - 1.8 m; height - 1.7 - 1.8 m; curb weight - 1.3 - 2.1 tons, gross - 1.8 - 2.6 tons; wheelbase- 3.2 - 3.7 m; engine type - 6 - 8-cylinder; carburetor; engine power - 70 - 120 hp; fuel consumption - 18 - 25 l / 100 km; transmission - 4-speed gearbox; maximum speed- 105 - 145 km / h.
The rear-wheel drive car was produced in 1927-1931. in the back of a 2- or 4-door convertible on a metal frame. In total, about 800 cars were produced. TTX machines: length - 5 m; width - 1.8 m; height - 1.7 m; wheelbase - 3.5 m; curb weight - 1.4 tons, gross weight - 2.2 tons; engine type - 6-cylinder, in-line, carburetor; engine power - 70 hp; transmission - 4-speed gearbox; maximum speed - 105 km / h; fuel consumption - 18 l / 100 km.
The limousine was produced in 1927-1931. on a metal frame. TTX machines: length - 5.4 m; width - 1.8 m; height - 1.7 m; wheelbase - 3.5 m; engine type - 8-cylinder, carburetor; engine power - 70 hp; curb weight - 1.6 tons, maximum speed - 105 km / h; fuel consumption - 18 l / 100 km.
Rear-wheel drive 8-seater multipurpose army car produced in 1936-1938. with an open body and was used as reconnaissance vehicle. Rear end an all-metal cargo-passenger body served to accommodate six soldiers and install machine-gun weapons, and the car itself was also used to tow light trailers, field kitchens or cannons. The car was equipped with single wheels, had a small turning radius (9 m) and a spar frame. All wheel brakes hydraulic drive. A total of 183 cars were produced. TTX machines: length - 3.8 m; width - 1.5 m; wheelbase - 1.8 m; clearance - 200 mm; carrying capacity - 1 t; engine type - 4-cylinder, carburetor, air-cooled; engine power - 18-20 hp; transmission - 4-speed gearbox; maximum speed - 45 km / h.
The rear-wheel drive car was produced in 1930-1936. based on the "SP-5" in the back of a 4-door sedan. A total of 30 cars were produced. TTX machines: wheelbase - 3.8 m; curb weight - 2.5 tons; engine type - 8-cylinder, in-line, carburetor; engine power - 125 hp; transmission - 4-speed gearbox; maximum speed - 140 km / h; fuel consumption - 25 l / 100 km; number of seats - 5.
The car has been produced since 1938. Performance characteristics of the car: engine type - 12-cylinder, carburetor, V-shaped; engine power - 110 hp; transmission - 4-speed gearbox.
The rear-wheel drive car was produced by Steyr-Daimler-Puch in 1934-1936. in two versions: 4-door sedan and 2-door convertible. The car had independent suspension all four wheels and rear leaf springs. The sedan had hinged doors without an internal pillar. A total of 2850 vehicles were built. Known modification under the designation "Steyr-110", which was built 150 machines. TTX machines: length - 4.4 m; width - 1.6 m; height - 1.6 m; wheelbase - 2.6 m; engine type - 4-cylinder, gasoline; engine power - 32 hp; transmission - 4-speed gearbox; curb weight - 1 t, gross weight - 1.4 t; maximum speed - 100 km / h; fuel consumption - 10l / 100 km.
The rear-wheel drive car was produced in 1934-1936. in two versions: 4-door sedan and 2-door three-seat convertible. A total of 1200 cars were produced. In 1936, the car was modernized and produced under the designation "Steyr-125". A total of 200 cars were produced. TTX machines: length - 4.6 m; width - 1.6 m; height - 1.6 m; wheelbase - 2.8 m; curb weight - 1.1 tons, gross weight - 1.6 tons; turning diameter 12 m; engine type - 6-cylinder, gasoline; engine power - 50 hp; fuel consumption - 13 l / 100 km; maximum speed - 120 km / h.
The rear-wheel drive car was produced in 1936-1940, was built on the basis of the Steyr 100 and was produced in two versions: a 4-door sedan and a 2-door convertible. A total of 5040 vehicles were built. TTX of the machine: TTX of the machine: length - 4.4 m; width - 1.6 m; height - 1.6 m; wheelbase - 2.6 m; engine type - 4-cylinder, gasoline; engine power - 35 hp; transmission - 4-speed gearbox; curb weight - 1 t, gross weight - 1.4 t; maximum speed - 100 km / h; fuel consumption - 11 l / 100 km.
The rear-wheel drive car was produced in 1937-1940. and was produced in two versions: a 4-door sedan and a 2-door convertible. They were used by the highest officers of the Wehrmacht. A total of 5.9 thousand cars were built. TTX of the machine: TTX of the machine: length - 4.6 m; width - 1.7 m; height - 1.6 m; wheelbase - 2.8 m; turning diameter - 12 m; engine type - 6-cylinder, gasoline; engine power - 55 hp; transmission - 4-speed gearbox; curb weight - 1.3 tons, gross weight - 1.7 tons; maximum speed - 120 km / h; fuel consumption - 14 l / 100 km.
In 1938-1940. By order of the Wehrmacht, the Austrian company Steyr produced 1200 command vehicles with a simplified open 5-seater body and 18-inch wheels. The machine was created on the basis passenger car"Steyr-55" and truck "Steyr-150". It stood out with an open box-shaped body without sidewalls, had a folding canvas awning. Known cars with sanitary and staff bodies. TTX machines: length - 4.1 m; width - 1.7 m; height - 1.9 m; clearance - 240 mm; curb weight - 1.1 tons; wheel formula - 4x2; engine type - 4-cylinder, carburetor, water-cooled; engine power - 25.5 hp; maximum speed - 70 km / h; transmission - 4-speed gearbox with 2-speed transfer case; capacity fuel tank- 46 l; fuel consumption - 11.5 l / 100 km.
Heavy all-wheel drive SUV produced in 1941-1944. commissioned by the Wehrmacht in two versions: with a simplified body for transporting 8 people (Kfz-70) and since 1943 a commander with a comfortable body for transporting 6 people (Kfz-21). Machines produced in 1941-1942. had rotating spare wheels located on the sides. In total, 18 thousand cars were produced, incl. 5.6 thousand models "Kfz-21". In addition, 5.6 thousand cars were produced in Germany. TTX machines: length - 5.1 m; width - 2 m; height - 2.3 m; curb weight - 2.5 tons, gross weight - 4.2 tons; clearance - 275 mm; wheelbase - 3.2 m; wheel formula - 4x4; load capacity - 1.5 t; engine type - 8-cylinder, carburetor, V-shaped with air-cooled; engine power - 86 hp; transmission - 4-speed gearbox; maximum speed - 90 km / h; fuel tank capacity - 100 l; fuel consumption - 24 l / 100 km; cruising range - 400 km.
The car was produced on the basis of "Steyr-430" in 1935-1936. in modifications of a cabriolet, a sedan, a chaise and an ambulance van. A total of 456 cars were produced. TTX machines: length - 4.8 m; width - 1.7 m; height - 1.7 m; wheelbase - 3.3 m; clearance - 220 mm; turning radius - 6.3 m; engine type - 6-cylinder, water-cooled gasoline; engine power - 53/55 hp; transmission - 4-speed gearbox; curb weight - 1.5 tons; maximum speed - 110 km / h; fuel consumption - 16.5 l / 100 km.
The car was produced in 1937-1939. in three versions: sedan, convertible and limousine. A total of 500 cars were produced. TTX machines: length - 5m; width - 1.8 m; height - 1.6 m; wheelbase - 3.3 m; turning radius - 14 m; engine type - 6-cylinder, carburetor; engine power - 55 hp; fuel consumption - 15 l / 100 km; maximum speed - 100 km / h; curb weight - 1.5 tons, gross weight - 2.1 tons.
Rear-wheel drive 4-seater 2-door car was produced in 1936-1938. in two versions: "Steyr-50" with a 22-horsepower engine, and "Steyr-55" with a 25-horsepower engine. The car was equipped with brakes cable drive. A total of 13 thousand cars were produced. TTX machines: length - 3.6 m; width - 1.5 m; height - 1.5 m; wheelbase - 2.4 m; clearance - 175 mm; turning radius - 5.3 m; engine type - 4-cylinder, carburetor; engine power - 22/25 hp; fuel consumption - 8l / 100 km; maximum speed - 85 km / h; curb weight - 800 kg, transmission - 4-speed gearbox.
The three-axle command vehicle was developed on the basis of light truck"Steyr 40" and was produced in 1935-1937. Known modification of the car under the designation "Steyr 40-L", which differed interior decoration salon. The car was equipped with an additional freely rotating pair of side wheels, which increased its cross-country ability. open body protected from bad weather by a tarpaulin awning. A total of 67 cars were produced. TTX machines: wheelbase - 3.3 m; clearance - 230 mm; engine type - 6-cylinder, carburetor; engine power - 45 hp; load capacity - 1.5 t; full mass- 3.3 tons; wheel formula - 6x4; transmission - 4-speed gearbox with a two-stage demultiplier; fuel tank capacity - 55 l; cruising range - 270 km.
