The amount of fines for overload. ✔ For individuals

The problem of weight control did not suddenly fall on the heads of freight carriers. Everyone has long known about automobile scales, what, how and when. The fine for reloading up to 400 thousand rubles, imposed on the basis of the act of measuring the automated weight and dimension control system, is a considerable amount for truck owners. This is a direct path to bankruptcy not only for small businesses.

Implementation of an automated weight and dimension control system, for example, in Nizhny Novgorod region led to the fact that truck owners, who received heavy fines for exceeding the permissible axle load, say that the system does not work correctly and demand that it be modernized. The total amount of fines accrued amounted to about 1 billion rubles. Freight carriers, in particular, complained to the governor of the Nizhny Novgorod region about truck scales - about the incorrect operation of the automated weight and size control system, which was installed by Rostelecom under a concession agreement. According to the carriers' complaints, the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of the Nizhny Novgorod Region conducted its inspection. It turned out that the system is working properly, and the problem arises due to the fact that truckers slow down when moving points of weight control.

How to assert your rights and what are the nuances?

The courts, naturally, believe the data of the automated weight control system, the Ministry of Transport is silent, and the meters know perfectly well what a dynamic load is and how it can be created, although it seems that only static load should be measured on car scales. The accuracy of the GLONASS flight recorders is not that which could prove the fact of braking or braking the truck for 1-2 seconds, the results of the axle load calculators available on the network are not a document, and they consider a static load under certain loading conditions.

And what should carriers do? Contact specialists.

But will a simple calculation of the static axle load solve the problem in court or in the traffic police? Experience has shown that it will decide if you investigate the entire technically possible range of static axle loads. Outside it, there can only be dynamics, but it is outside the law. The automated weight and dimension control system should measure only statics.

In the case filed by the Transterminal company from Ufa, the load on the front axle of the VOLVO FH-TRUCK 4X2 tractor recorded by an automated system was 11.43 tons with a maximum allowable load of 9 tons. It was decided to conduct a study possible load on the axle of the tractor according to the following algorithm:

• establish the location of the center of gravity of an empty semi-trailer;
• set the axle loads of the semi-trailer and hitch evenly loaded semi-trailer;
• install actual displacement of the center of gravity of the load, assuming that the automated system has correctly measured the loads on the axles of the semi-trailer;
• set the loads on the axles of the semi-trailer and on the coupling device with the actual displacement of the center of gravity of the load.

What does this give the lawyer contesting the protocol? In the opinion of a specialist, a lot. This cuts off possible objections that you distributed the load evenly “by eye”, or that the load could have shifted along the way. That is, the result of the calculation the above algorithm is the actual load on the tractor saddle at the time of measurement and on the basis of the measurement report. Of course, objections to this are no longer appropriate, although everything happens in our court, they can, and successfully, even object to Newton.

Now it's the turn of the tractor. The manufacturer's website has data on the ratio of the load on rear axle to the mass of the tractor, which we call the load factor. For model range saddle VOLVO tractors FH-TRUCK 4X2 this ratio is about k=0.27 (for Volvo FH 2013 - 0.287). Hence, taking into account actual load on the saddle, from the calculation it follows that the static load on the front axle was 7.7 tons, on the rear - 9.6 tons.

The technically possible redistribution of the weight of the tractor between its front and rear axles with the same load on the saddle can be established by varying the value of the axle load coefficient in the range from k=0, which corresponds to full distribution own weight of the tractor on its front axle and its own zero load on the rear axle (the center of gravity of the tractor is on the front axle), up to k=0.5, when the own mass of the tractor is equally distributed between its axles (the center of gravity of the tractor is in the middle between the axles). Both cases are extreme, the first of them occurs before the tractor overturns forward, and the second is technically unattainable due to the localization of more heavy engine and cabs at the front axle.

We repeat the calculations of the loads on the axles of the tractor for the values ​​of the load factor from 0 to 0.5 with an interval of 0.05 (for solidity, although it is enough to define each graph in 2 points). The calculation result is shown in the graph, where the x-axis is the coefficient k, and the Y-axis is the load in tons. The red color shows the load on the front axle of the tractor, the blue color shows the load on the rear axle of the tractor.

As a result, the load on the front axle of the tractor cannot exceed 9.9 tons, even if the entire dead weight of the tractor is distributed on its front axle. In this case, the load on the rear axle of the tractor is at least 7 tons.

What does this give the lawyer contesting the record? And what immediately cuts off possible objections that any repair actions on the tractor, or its refueling, or something else could change the distribution of the mass of the tractor on the axle, or that the data from the manufacturer's website may differ from the actual mass distribution. Whatever the objectors come up with, the full technically possible range of load on the tractor axles was investigated, taking into account the actual load on the tractor saddle at the time of measurement.

Now let's go on the offensive. According to the measurement report, the load on the front axle was 11.43 tons (or 1.53 tons more than the technically possible maximum load of 9.9 tons), on the rear axle - 6.61 tons (or 0.39 tons less than the technically possible smallest load). This is the influence of certain factors for a reason unknown to the specialist.

This could happen under the conditions of a malfunction of the weighing equipment, or for reasons that cause additional dynamic load on the vehicle axles (violation of the road geometry in the form of an unacceptable longitudinal or transverse slope, the presence of road surface roughness or damage, technological seams, etc., insufficient hardness of the coating high temperature etc., or an organization traffic, forcing drivers to slow down before entering the weighing complex).

We would have measured 9.9 tons on the front axle, it would be more difficult to object, but it is possible, since the permitted 9 tons (see graph) correspond to the value k=0.12, or the load on the front axle of an empty tractor is 88% of its mass. And this is easy to check by weighing this very tractor.

The legal result of such a conclusion is the cancellation of the protocol by the Ministry of Internal Affairs itself, which, of course, is a considerable merit of the lawyer of the shipping company.

Freight vehicles, unlike cars, are operated in a slightly different way. Among others important aspect there is a need to avoid overloading the machine. A heavy vehicle otherwise damages the road surface to a much greater extent, is less manageable and, therefore, poses a serious danger to other road users.

In this article we will tell you what the penalty for overload truck you will have to pay the violator, and we will also tell you about the norms existing in the laws.

Legislation

The procedure for transporting goods along Russian highways is regulated by the profile regulatory framework. The main one here is the 257th Federal Law, adopted in 2007. Its 31st article (2nd paragraph) notes that if a truck is more than 2.5 percent heavier than the permissible one, then a special permit must be obtained for it. This rule does not apply only to vehicles belonging to the Russian army.

Coordinating this overload with the authorities, the owner of the car must inform:

• itinerary;
• pay compensation for road damage.

If the standard is exceeded by 10 percent, then the permit is issued according to a simplified scheme during the working day.

Government Decree No. 272, which enacted the rules for the carriage of goods by cars, contains, among other things, the limit values ​​​​of overload. So, for the following trucks alone:

• biaxial - the limit is 18 tons;
• 3-axle - 25;
• 4-axle - 32;
• 5-axle - 35;

In addition, there is another parameter specified in the above decision - axle load. It is regulated only in relation to highways, the coverage of which is designed respectively for:

• 6 tons;
• 11,5.

It also matters how close the axles are, and the type of wheels themselves.

Load calculation

It is almost impossible to accurately determine the magnitude of the load. However, this is not required. Sequence of action in this case next:

• the mass of the car is indicated in the certificate of its registration;
• the weight of the cargo is determined (it is possible according to invoices, but the data there is not always correct);
• The result is divided by the number of axes.

It is important to understand that the maximum result should be taken into account, since this value will be taken into account during control weighing on posts.

In general, at present, it is not difficult to find a special calculator on the Internet, using which the above calculations are performed quite simply.

The aforementioned decree of the Russian government contains a table with which you can also calculate the standard for each specific car.

As an example, let's take a Gazelle truck, whose mass is 15 tons, driving along the M-1 highway. It has 4 axles, and they are close together. The cargo carried by the machine is 16 tons. For him, the indicators will be as follows:

Thus, it turns out that in this case the overload will be 800 kilograms on the rear axle, or 5 percent.

Weight control - types

In Russia, there are both stationary posts for weighing and mobile ones. The first are in certain locations along the roads. The second are special vans that move if necessary, which makes it possible to control the mass of trucks in almost any place.

Weighing is done in two ways. In some cases, this can be done without stopping the car (the vehicle follows special sensors at a low speed). The disadvantage of this option is a serious error of up to 3 percent.

Weighing a stationary truck (static) allows you to determine its mass as accurately as possible. In both cases, both the total weight and the load on each of the axles are determined.

The amount of fines for an overloaded car

Who issues the fine for overloading? As before, this function is assigned to the traffic police inspectors. If the car has a mass of more than the value allowed by law, then its owner risks getting a fine. Its dimensions are indicated in the Administrative Code of Russia in article 12, paragraph 21.

In particular, if the permitted weight was exceeded by 2-10 percent, and at the same time the permit was not issued, the penalty will be as follows:

• from the driver - 1.5 thousand;
• from the face of an official - 15;
• from legal to 150.

How much will you have to pay if, under similar circumstances, the overload was more than 10 and less than 20 percent? The amount of the fine will be, for the above categories of responsible persons, as follows:

• 4 thousand;
• 30 000;
• 300 000.

When the threshold values ​​are exceeded by 20-50 percent, the law provides for a more severe punishment:

• sitting behind the wheel - 10 thousand (or deprivation driving license for a maximum of 4 months);
• to an official - up to 40,000 rubles;
• companies - up to 0.4 million.

If the values ​​specified in the permit were exceeded by 10-20 percent, the following fines are provided:

• driver - 3.5 thousand;
• official - 25;
• legal - 250.

Overload under the above circumstances, amounting to 20-50 percent, respectively:

• 10 000;
• 50 000;
• 500 000.

Also, in addition to the actual penalties, provided for in the Code of Administrative Offenses of Russia and others. So, the truck can be detained and taken to a special site.

The desire to receive maximum benefit for a flight often pushes the driver or car owners to overload the car. We will tell you when you can talk about it, the norms of the law in this area, the powers of traffic police officers, the responsibility of drivers and legal entities, the correct execution of documentation for the cargo.

○ What is an overload according to the law, who checks it and how?

Roads are one of the pain points of our country. They are destroyed for many reasons, from a violation of the laying technology to weather events. Heavy-duty transport also contributes. In an effort to save as much as possible on delivery, the consignee deliberately underestimates the weight of the cargo, and the carrier overloads the car. As a result pavement suffering more than you can imagine.

Overload is determined by the mass of the car, which creates a load on the roadway by the wheels of the axle. The mass of the car is the sum of the loads on the front and rear axles. Of course, the rear axle will receive more load due to the location of the load.

Overloading not only harms the roadway, but is also dangerous for the driver himself. Even being well fixed, it increases the already significant trucks, stopping distance, car roll in corners, etc. Loose cargo is doubly dangerous, as it reduces stability, can contribute to skidding and overturning of the car.

When can we talk about overload? When clause 23.1 of the traffic rules is violated:

• "The mass of the transported cargo and the distribution of the load along the axles must not exceed the values ​​established by the manufacturer for this vehicle."

If the restrictions are not respected established by sign 3.12 indicating the limit permissible load on the axle. If your car exceeds this area, it is better to go around.

The load must not obstruct the view of the driver or lighting fixtures, be well secured and not reduce the stability of the machine on the road. It is important to consider not only the weight, but also the volume of the cargo.

In addition, a special permit is required for the transport of certain dangerous or bulky goods.

Usually we are talking about reloading trucks, but also Cars have an endurance limit.

Do not overload the sedan to the point where the bumper touches the asphalt, or overcrowd with passengers. Of course, the Code of Administrative Offenses does not talk about overloading in relation to passenger car, but it has a lot of other articles that are suitable for the occasion, for example, the number of passengers is above the norm.

The traffic police inspector cannot determine the mass of the car anywhere on the route by eye. There are specially equipped checkpoints for this.

We note right away that it is not just the mass of the car that is controlled, but the load on each axle.

There are two ways to measure:

Static - involves a complete stop of the machine, and only then fixing the load.

Dynamic - weighing in motion at a speed not exceeding 5 km/h. Such posts can often be found at the entrance to a region or city.

○ Penalties and penalties for overload:

Any offense is subject to punishment. After the changes in 2015, there were significantly more penalties for overloading, depending on who committed the offense and what it is.

✔ For individuals.

The penalties provided for in Art. 12.21.1 of the Code of Administrative Offenses can be divided into two conditional groups:

For violation of the rules for the carriage of goods with a special permit and without it.

Permission can be from the consignor himself or issued via the Internet. Trying to drive without it, the driver will get up 5000 - 10000r, Maybe deprivation of rights for 2 - 4 months.

Permissible overload for this article is not more than 5%. Exceeding this figure will cost the employee 1500 - 2000 rubles

It doesn't matter how much shorter a straight line is than a detour. If there is a sign 3.12 on the road and your car does not fit within the specified restrictions and there is no special permission on the road, it is better to go around it. Otherwise, be prepared to pay a fine. in 5000 r.

according to part 11 of Art. 12.21.1 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation:

• “Failure to comply with the requirements prescribed by road signs prohibiting the movement of vehicles, general actual weight which or whose axle load exceeds those indicated on the road sign, if the movement of such vehicles is carried out without a special permit, shall entail the imposition of an administrative fine in the amount of five thousand rubles.

If the overload is too significant, the traffic police inspector may prohibit further movement, in this case, the car is waiting for a car impound.

✔ For legal entities.

Responsibility for individual entrepreneurs and legal entities for such offenses is much higher than for the driver himself. Moreover, now not only the carrier will be responsible, sometimes the sender will also be responsible. Entrepreneurs conducting their activities without registering legal entities. persons will be responsible on a par with full-fledged legal entities. persons. Note to Article 12.21.1 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation:

• “For administrative offenses provided for by this article, persons carrying out entrepreneurial activity without forming a legal entity, bear administrative responsibility as legal entities.”

The amount of the fine varies depending on the degree of overload. from 250 to 400 thousand rubles. Of course, the size is significant, this is done with the sole purpose of turning auto overload into an unprofitable occupation, losses should become more profit. Ch. 10 Art. 12.21.1 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation:

• "Excess allowable weight of the vehicle and (or) the permissible load on the vehicle axle, or the mass of the vehicle and (or) the load on the vehicle axle, specified in a special permit, or allowable dimensions a vehicle, or dimensions specified in a special permit, by legal entities or individual entrepreneurs who loaded cargo into a vehicle, shall entail the imposition of an administrative fine on individual entrepreneurs in the amount of eighty thousand to one hundred thousand rubles; for legal entities - from two hundred and fifty thousand to four hundred thousand rubles.

In Russia, the maximum allowable load on the roadway has been established. Passing vehicles are checked for two benchmarks: total weight and axles. It is allowed to exceed the norms only with a special permit, otherwise the driver will be fined for overloading.

Why impose a penalty for exceeding the load weight? This measure was introduced to ensure safe traffic, as Russian roads more and more often find themselves in critical condition due to heavy tractors, which are highly prone to skidding and overturning. The trailer can come off and knock down passing cars. That's why heavy trucks are subject to strict control, and any violations are punishable by significant fines.

How to determine the degree of overload

Overload - exceeding the permissible load on the roadway. The main regulatory act that regulates cargo transportation is the Federal Law on highways(FZ No. 257 of November 8, 2007). According to the document, the driver must obtain permission for further movement if the car is overloaded by more than 2%.

There is a whole system of criteria that helps traffic police officers determine the fact of a violation.

Below is the maximum allowable weight for heavy trucks with different numbers of axles:

The next indicator is the axle load. Sometimes there is an uneven distribution of load along the axes. The load is calculated using a special formula. When calculating, the type of tires, the number of axles, the weight of the car itself are taken into account.

The exact value of the load can only be determined approximately. The procedure is as follows:

• the weight of the car is written in the registration document;
• the weight of luggage is calculated (not always correct information is given in the invoice);
• the resulting number is divided by the number of axles.

The maximum value is always taken into account, since employees at the weighing post will be guided by it. If a violation is detected, a protocol is drawn up. The car is delayed and delivered to a special parking lot. It remains there until the overbalance is eliminated.

There are special calculators on the Internet. With their help, you can automatically perform the necessary calculations. By a decree of the government of the Russian Federation, a table has been developed that allows you to determine the load rate for a particular machine.

Example. The Gazelle truck with a weight of 15 tons has 4 closely spaced axles. He is driving on the M1 motorway. The mass of its cargo is 16 tons. Below are its parameters:

Under these circumstances, the overload indicator on the rear axle is 0.8 tons (5%).

Weight control: ways

There are 2 types of weighing posts:

• stationary (along the roads in certain areas);
• mobile (mobile posts in the form of vans).

Vehicle weight control can be:

• static;
• dynamic.

In static weighing, the machine is stationary on the measuring platform. This method accurately determines the total weight and axle load. The dynamic method is used when the truck passes through special sensors on low speed(up to 5 km/h). Instruments read data on each axis. The main disadvantage of this method is a possible deviation of up to 3%.

Car overload penalties

If the car is overloaded, penalties apply. Below is information on the amount of fines for each specific case (Article 12.21.1 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation):

	Overweight
The amount of the fine (thousand rubles)	to 10%	10%-20%	20%-50%	>50
1. Individual (driver)			5-10 or confiscation of driving license for up to 4 months	7-10 or confiscation of driving license up to 6 months
2. Official (shipper)	up to 15	up to 30	up to 40	up to 50
3. Legal entity	100-150	200-250	300-400	400-500

Depending on the degree of overload, organizations (IEs) responsible for the loading process are fined in the amount of 80-400 thousand rubles. Strict sanctions are also provided for the consignor who indicated inaccurate (false) data in the accompanying documentation.

If the weight of the loaded car is more than on a special limiting sign, this threatens with a fine of 5 thousand rubles.

Important nuances

The control system is not perfect: in case of overload, it is often the driver who is at fault. He may lose driving license and get a large fine, in reality, not knowing about the real weight of the cargo.

As shows arbitrage practice, the driver may become a victim of an unscrupulous employer. Here good helper a lawyer will speak to help sort out all the details and protest the punishment.

Special permit for transportation

The special permission is important document indicating the route of the vehicle, the type of cargo and the time of transportation. The validity period is 90 days, the number of shipments is up to 10.

An application for issuing a document is submitted to one of the organizations listed below:

1. The owner of this section of the road.
2. Local authorities: when driving within the city, district or settlement.
3. Ministry of Transport: when driving on local and municipal roads.
4. Rosavtodor: when the path runs through several regions.

There is a fee for receiving - about 1.5 thousand rubles (the cost depends on the subject of Russia). The collected money is used to restore the roadbed destroyed by heavy trucks. Permit processing period: 11-25 days. During this time, the route is agreed upon, the possible damage is assessed.

On the video about the fine

Not exceeding the mass will not only reduce the destruction of roads, but also the danger on the route, as well as reduce the number of fines. An overload of even 20% will lead to rapid wear car and his permanent repair significantly reduce the income received from transportation.

Freight vehicles daily transport huge loads throughout Russia and abroad. But this weight also has limitations. For those who do not comply with the Law, a fine is provided for overloading a truck.

What is the risk of overload?

Statistics say: 20% of trucks on our roads are overloaded. This causes damage to the roadway, and the state is not compensated for the damage caused. At the same time, most drivers may not even be aware of the overload of their car, because shippers “like” to indicate distorted information about the goods in the waybills.

The danger of overloading a truck lies in the following:

1. Due to elongation stopping distance truck increases the likelihood emergencies and skidding of the car, especially in ice and rain.
2. If the load is not secured, there is a risk of tipping over, which creates a danger to other road users.
3. Increased fuel and oil consumption, severe wear of parts and components of the car.

Permissible vehicle axle loads

It is necessary to understand that the load on the axle of the transport is determined by its manufacturer, but the restrictions are imposed by regulatory documents, that is, by law. The sum of the axle loads is the permissible vehicle load.

Trucks are classified into two types:

• Group "A". Used only on tracks 1, 2 and 3 categories. Permissible axle load - from 6 to 10 tons (depending on the distance between the axles).
• Group "B". Used on roads of any category. Axle load - from 4.5 to 6 tons.

According to GOST R 52051-2003 "Mechanical vehicles and trailers. Classification and definitions" in Russian Federation transport intended for the carriage of goods is of the following types:

• N1 - low-tonnage (up to 3.5 tons);
• N2 - medium-tonnage (from 3.5 to 12 tons);
• N3 - heavy-duty (over 12 tons).

For single vehicles with a distance between the axles of 2.5 meters, the axle load must not exceed:

• 6 tons - for roads designed for an axle load of 6 tons / axle;
• 10 tons - for roads designed for 10 tons / axle.

Here we also note that maximum length road trains, according to the Rules for the carriage of goods by car, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of April 15, 2011 No. 272, is 20 meters.

Important: on transport corridors in the EU countries, higher loads are allowed (for example, weights up to 40 tons in Germany and Poland, up to 44 tons in Slovakia).

Overload penalty

To better understand what the penalty for overloading can be, let's turn to Article 12.21.1 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation. It contains several parts, each of which establishes responsibility for specific excesses of the cargo allowance.

Axle overload

Administrative liability for axle overload may be as follows:

1. Overloading the vehicle or exceeding the permissible axle load of the vehicle by more than 2% (but less than 10%) in the absence of a special permit or violating the requirements specified in the special permit by more than 2% (but less than 10%) entails a fine:
   • from 1000 to 1500 rubles - for the driver of the vehicle;
   • from 10,000 to 15,000 rubles - for officials responsible for transportation;
   • from 100,000 to 150,000 rubles - for legal entities;
   • from 150,000 rubles in case of automatic fixation of an offense by means of recording - for the owner (owner) of the vehicle.
2. Exceeding the permissible mass of the vehicle or the permissible axle load of the vehicle by more than 10% (but less than 20%) without a special permit entails a fine:
   • from 3000 to 4000 rubles - for the driver of the vehicle;
   • from 25,000 to 30,000 rubles - for officials responsible for transportation;
   • from 250,000 to 300,000 rubles - for legal entities;
   • from 300,000 rubles in case of automatic fixation of an offense by means of recording - to the owner (owner) of the vehicle.
3. Overloading a vehicle or exceeding the permissible axle load of the vehicle by more than 20% (but less than 50%) in the absence of a special permit entails a fine:
   • from 4000 to 5000 rubles - for the driver of the vehicle or deprivation of his right to drive the vehicle for a period of 2 to 4 months;
   • from 30,000 to 40,000 rubles - for officials responsible for transportation;
   • from 300,000 to 400,000 rubles - for legal entities;
   • 400,000 rubles in case of automatic fixation of an offense by means of recording - for the owner (owner) of the vehicle.
4. Movement of a heavy or oversized vehicle exceeding the mass of the vehicle by more than 50% without a permit or exceeding the mass of the vehicle or the axle load of the vehicle specified in the permit by more than 50% entails the imposition of an administrative fine:
   • from 7,000 to 10,000 rubles - for the driver of the vehicle or deprivation of his right to drive the vehicle for a period of 4 to 6 months;
   • from 45,000 to 50,000 rubles - for officials responsible for transportation;
   • from 400,000 to 500,000 rubles - for legal entities;
   • from 500,000 rubles in case of automatic fixation of an offense by means of recording - for the owner (owner) of the vehicle.

Important: the imposition of an administrative fine under Art. 12.21.1 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation more than twice can lead to the deprivation by the court of the driver of the right to drive the vehicle for a period of 6 months. Additional overload restrictions apply on the roads of certain regions of the Russian Federation in summer period take that into account as well.

Distortion of information about the mass of cargo

Administrative liability is also provided for the distortion of information about the weight of the cargo. Such violations are:

• inaccurate information about the weight of the cargo in the documents;
• failure to indicate in the invoice information about the period, date of validity or number of the special permit;
• the absence in the consignment note of information about the route of transportation, if this caused violations under Parts 1, 2, 4 of Art. 21.1 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation.

The above entails the imposition of an administrative fine:

• from 1500 to 2000 rubles - for individuals;
• from 15,000 to 20,000 rubles - for officials;
• from 200,000 to 300,000 rubles - for legal entities.

Actions that caused violations under Parts 3, 5, 6 of Art. 12.21.1 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation, entail an administrative fine:

• 5000 rubles - for individuals;
• 25,000-35,000 rubles - for officials;
• 350,000-400,000 rubles - for legal entities.

Failure to comply with signs

The penalty for non-compliance with the requirements of the signs is the sanctions provided for by Part 11 of Art. 12.21.1 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation. Violation of the requirements of road signs prohibiting the movement of vehicles, total weight or the axle load of which exceeds the figures indicated on the sign, in the absence of a special permit, is punishable by a fine of 5,000 rubles.

FAQ

Questions about overload are often of concern to drivers of passenger cars. Let's talk about this further.

Are there penalties for overloading a car?

Responsibility for overloading the vehicle along the axles, according to the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation, is provided only for trucks. But do not think that a passenger car can be filled "to the eyeballs" with people or cargo. Overloading a passenger car has a bad effect on its technical condition. First of all, the service life of frames, shock absorbers and spars is reduced.

Having loaded their car to the maximum, the owners are guided only by personal interests, forgetting about those around them and the inconvenience they cause. After all, an overcrowded passenger car is a real threat to everyone. Seating and transporting extra passengers in your car is another temptation for drivers.

Important: Information about the maximum number people who are allowed to be transported in a particular vehicle is indicated in the documents for the car.

Safety in motion - this is what dictates the maximum number of passengers in the cabin of the vehicle. Excess passengers, in addition to overloading, can interfere with the driver, which makes it impossible to drive the car normally. According to the rules, each person in the cabin must be fixed seat belt. If someone did not have enough of it, this is a violation, for which there is administrative responsibility.

It is worth paying attention to the transportation of children in a car. Opinion that 4 passenger seats in a passenger car are intended for adults, and a child can be transported “in arms” - erroneously.

Important: Children are passengers just like adults. Do not neglect their rights! Place the child in a separate seat, fasten it with a seat belt. For those under the age of 12, there are special car seats of different categories, use them.

The presence of excess cargo in a passenger car can be established visually by the following signs:

1. The driver's view is obscured by the load.
2. TS "sags".
3. The car hits the road while driving.
4. Parts of the cargo protrude beyond the vehicle, which creates obstacles for others.

In such a situation, the traffic police inspector has the right to stop the vehicle and issue a fine to the driver. Administrative penalty for overload passenger car imposed in accordance with the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation. The movement of a car with a load exceeding the permissible load for the vehicle category, or if this prevents the driver from driving normally, is punishable by a fine of 500 rubles.

Behind extra passenger other rules apply:

1. a fine of 500 rubles - for a passenger;
2. a fine of 1000 rubles - for the driver of the vehicle.

Important: general fine in the amount of 1500 rubles for overloading the car with people is imposed on the person driving the vehicle. The number of "extra" people in the cabin does not affect this, since there is a fact of violation of the rules for transporting passengers. For transporting a child in an improper way, for example, "on his knees", a fine of 3,000 rubles is imposed.

How to calculate the axle load of a truck?

The easiest way to find out the total weight and determine how the load is distributed along the axles of a truck is by weighing. 2 methods are used:

1. Static - the car drives in and stops on a special weighing platform equipped with strain gauges (force sensors). The method gives accurate data, the error is 0.01%.
2. Dynamic - the truck passes through the axle weights at a speed of no more than 5 km / h. The weight of each axle and the vehicle itself is fixed. The method is simple, but its error is from 0.5% to 3%, which in some cases is critical, because the excess limit maximum load on the vehicle is 2%.

A convenient, but expensive option that allows you to always know about the degree of vehicle load is to purchase a tractor with a monitoring system.

The term "axle load" itself is the pressure of the mass of the car on the road surface by the wheels of one axle. To calculate the axle load, you need to understand that the mass of the car is equal to the sum of the loads on the front and rear axles (for a two-axle vehicle). But the load on the rear axle of a truck will always be greater than on the front. The front axle is loaded with the weight of the cabin and power unit, back - by the weight of the transported cargo.

Important: the term "maximum axial load" means the load from gross weight car, rendered on the most loaded axle. We see this option in road signs 3.12 "Limitation of the mass per axle of the vehicle."

Overloaded vehicles are not only a threat to the driver, pedestrians and other road users. First of all, the roadway suffers from this. Every motorist must correctly calculate the mass allowable load and understand that he is responsible for observing the rules of the road.