BMW (Bayerische Motoren Werke AG, Bavarian Motor Works) - the history of BMW begins in 1916 as a company producing aircraft engines first, and later cars and motorcycles. The BMW headquarters is located in Munich, Bavaria. Also BMW owns BMW brands Motorrad - motorcycle production, Mini - production Mini Cooper, is the parent company for Rolls-Royce Motor Cars, and also produces vehicles under the Husqvarna brand.
Today, BMW is one of the leading automotive companies in the world. Cars of the brand are perceived as the embodiment of the most advanced engineering solutions and striving for technical excellence. Unlike most manufacturers, initially BMW engineers were not focused on the car as a whole, the focus was on the "heart" of the car - the engine, which has been improved from generation to generation.
Foundation of the company
In 1916, the aircraft manufacturer Flugmaschinenfabrik, founded near Munich, is renamed Bayerische Flugzeug-Werke AG (BFW). The nearby aircraft engine company Rapp Motorenwerke (founder) was named Bayerische Motoren Werke GmbH in 1917 and Bayerische Motoren Werke AG in 1918 ( Joint-Stock Company). In 1920, Bayerische Motoren Werke AG was sold to Knorr-Bremse AG. In 1922, the financier buys BFW AG, and later buys engine production and the BMW brand from Knorr-Bremse and merges the companies under the Bayerische Motoren Werke AG brand. Although in some sources the date of the main BMW is considered to be July 21, 1917, when Bayerische Motoren Werke GmbH was registered, in BMW Group consider the founding date March 6, 1916, the date when the BFW was founded, and the founders Gustav Otto and Karl Rapp.
Since 1917, the colors of Bavaria appear on BMW products - white and blue. And since the 1920s, a rotating propeller has become the emblem - this logo is still used with minor changes.
From war to war
Throughout the First World War, BMW produces aircraft engines that are badly needed by the warring country. But after the end of the war, under the Treaty of Versailles, Germany was forbidden to produce aircraft engines and the company was forced to look for other niches. The company has been manufacturing pneumatic brakes for trains for some time. After the merger in 1922, the company moves to the BFW production facilities, near the Munich airport Oberwiesenfeld.
In 1923, the company announces its first motorcycle, the R32. Up to this point, BMW had only produced engines, not a complete vehicle. The basis of the motorcycle was a boxer engine with a longitudinally located crankshaft. The design of the engine was so successful that it continues to be used on motorcycles manufactured by the company to this day.
BMW becomes a car manufacturer in 1928 by purchasing Fahrzeugfabrik Eisenach, whose factory was located in Eisenach, Thuringia. Together with the BMW plant, a license is obtained from the Austin Motor Company to produce the Dixi small car. Up until the 1940s, all the company's cars were manufactured at the Eisenach plant. In 1932, the Dixi was replaced by the company's own development, the Dixi 3/15.
Since 1933, the aircraft industry in Germany has received significant financial support from the state. By this time, BMW-powered aircraft had set many world records, and in 1934 the company separated the production of aircraft engines into a separate company, BMW Flugmotorenbau GmbH. In 1936, the company creates one of the most successful pre-war sports car models in Europe, the BMW 328.
During the Second World War, BMW focuses entirely on the production of aircraft engines for the German Air Force. In addition to the plants in Munich and Eisenach, additional production facilities are being built. After the end of the war, BMW is on the verge of survival, the factories are destroyed, the equipment is dismantled by the allied forces. In addition, a three-year moratorium on production has been introduced in connection with the company's participation in the supply of military equipment.
Company revival
In March 1948, the first post-war motorcycle R24 was created, it was a modified version of the pre-war R32. The motorcycle had a rather weak engine, post-war restrictions affected. Shortage of materials and equipment caused a delay in the start of mass production until December 1949. However, the success of the model exceeded all expectations.
The first post-war car was the , which began production in 1952. It was a luxury six-seat sedan with a modified six-cylinder engine that powered the pre-war 326. As a car, the 501 was not a big commercial success, but restored BMW's status as a manufacturer of high-quality and technological cars.
Due to the commercial failure of the BMW 501, by 1959 the company's debts had grown so much that it was on the verge of death and received a takeover offer from Daimler-Benz.
But at the general meeting of shareholders held on December 9, this proposal was rejected. The confidence of small shareholders and staff in the success of the new mid-range sedan model prompted Herbert Quandt to increase his stake in the company.
The 1500 was introduced at the 1962 Frankfurt Motor Show. It was, in fact, the creation of a new "niche" in the semi sports cars and restored BMW's reputation as a successful and modern company. The public liked the new four-door sedan so much that orders exceeded production capacity. By the mid-60s, the Munich plant completely ceased to cope with the flow of orders and BMW management was forced to make plans for the construction of new plants. Instead, the company buys the crisis-ridden Hans Glas GmbH, together with two production sites, in Dingolfing and Landshut. Based on the site in Dingolfing, one of the largest BMW plants in the world was subsequently built. In addition, in order to relieve the plant in Munich, in 1969 the production of motorcycles is transferred to Berlin, and the 5th series of motorcycles created in the early 70s will be produced only at this site.
To new horizons
In 1971, a subsidiary of BMW Kredit GmbH was created, whose task was to ensure financial transactions, both for the company itself and for numerous dealers. The new company became the foundation stone of the financial and leasing business, which made a huge contribution to the success of BMW in the future.
In the 1970s, the company created the first models, from which the famous 3, 5, 6, 7 series of BMW cars began. In 1972 construction begins on a plant in South Africa, the first plant outside of Germany, and on 18 May 1973 the company officially opens its new headquarters in Munich. The construction of a new office began in the early 70s, the architectural solution later became known as a four-cylinder office. The company museum is located next door.
Also in 1972, BMW Motorsport GmbH is separated from the company - this division combines all the activities of the company in the field of motorsport. Over the next years, it is to this division that the concern owes countless achievements of BMW in the field of motorsport, and the construction of cars for racing tracks.
Sales Director Bob Lutz pioneered a new sales policy whereby, beginning in 1973, the company itself, rather than the importers, took charge of sales in the main markets. In the future, it was planned to separate the sales divisions into subsidiaries. As planned, in 1973 the first sales division opened in France, followed by other countries, this move brought BMW to the world market.
In 1979 BMW AG and Steyr-Daimler-Puch AG are established in the Austrian Steyr joint venture for the production of motors. In 1982, the plant was completely taken over by the company and was renamed BMW Motoren GmbH. The following year, the first diesel engine rolled off the assembly line. Today, this plant is the center for the development and production diesel engines in Group.
In 1981, BMW AG creates a division in Japan. On November 26, 1982, a decision was made to build a new plant in Regensburg, in order to reduce the load on the main production in Munich. The plant was opened in 1987.
BMW Technik GmbH is established in 1985 as a division for the development and development of advanced technologies. Some of the best designers, engineers and technicians are working there to develop ideas and concepts for the car of tomorrow. One of the first major projects of the division was the creation of the Z1 Roadster, which was released in a small series in 1989.
In 1986, the company brings all research and development activities under one roof at the Forschungs und Innovationszentrum (Research and Innovation Center) in Munich. This is the first automotive manufacturer, which created a division in which more than 7,000 scientists, engineers, designers, technicians and managers work together. The facility was officially opened on April 27, 1990. In 2004, the Projekthaus, a nine-story building of 12,000 m2, with an open gallery, offices, studios and conference rooms, is built for PPE.
In 1989, the company decided to build a plant in the USA. The plant in Spartanburg (South Carolina) was specially designed for the production of BMW roadster Z3 and opened in 1994. The Z3 produced here was then exported all over the world. In the late 90s, the plant was expanded and now such concern models as the BMW X3, X5, X6 are produced here.
Mergers and acquisitions
In early 1994, the Board of Directors supports the decision of the Supervisory Board to buy a British car manufacturer Land companies Rover, in order to expand the range. With the purchase of a company, under BMW control AG are such eminent brands as Land Rover, Rover, MG, Triumph and Mini. The company is actively moving towards integrating the Rover Group into the BMW Group. However, the hopes placed on the merger did not materialize, and in 2000 the company sold the Rover group, leaving only the Mini brand for itself.
In July 1998, the concern acquires a part automotive history. After lengthy negotiations, the company obtains the rights to the Rolls-Royce Motor Cars brand from Rolls-Royce PLC. Rolls-Royce is held entirely at Volkswagen's expense until the end of 2002, after which time BMW acquires full rights to all Rolls-Royce Motor Cars technology. The company is then building a new headquarters and plant in Goodwood, southern England, where it plans to begin production of the newly developed Rolls-Royce from early 2003.
A look into the future
At the turn of the century, the concern is revising its development strategy in order to strengthen its position and create a foundation for future achievements. Since 2000, BMW AG has decided to focus exclusively on the premium segment of the international automotive market with BMW, Mini and Rolls-Royce brands. The model range of the company is expanding due to new series and versions. Along with the X-series SUV, the company develops and in 2004 brings to market compact car premium BMW class 1st series.
After being sold to the Rover Group in 2000, BMW controls the modernized plant where Minis are made. The initial plans for the production of 100,000 vehicles per year, under the influence of world demand, reach 230,000 vehicles by 2007. The first concept car of the updated Mini was presented in 1997, in 2001 it goes into production as a premium car in a small segment. Modern design, combined with good dynamic characteristics, predetermined the success of the model, and by 2011 the Mini family had grown to six models.
After hard work, in 2003, production begins at the new Rolls-Royce plant in Goodwood. Rolls-Royce Phantom. The market was offered a classic Rolls-Royce with its signature proportions, radiator grille, rear door design, the highest quality of finishing materials, but at the same time, it is technologically modern car. The new Phantom, on the one hand, became the embodiment of the traditional values of Rolls-Royce, and on the other hand, testified to the successful relaunch of the brand. In September 2009, the new Rolls-Royce Ghost becomes the second model after brand renewal. The Rolls-Royce Ghost retains the brand's traditional values, albeit in a more "informal" interpretation.
In 2004, the 1-series BMW was released. Recognized brand strengths such as excellent dynamics and excellent handling have now appeared in the small car segment. Traditional drivetrain setups, front-engined and rear-wheel drive - the result: even weight distribution and good grip with the road. In this way, the BMW 1-Series combines both the virtues eminent brand, and the advantage of a compact car.
In May 2005, the company opens a factory in Leipzig. The new facility is designed to produce 650 vehicles per day. The knowledge of the plant, as well as the products of the brand, is the pinnacle of design and engineering and was awarded the Architecture Prize in 2005. The BMW 1-series and BMW X1 are produced at the plant. In 2013, it is planned to launch the company's first electric car, the BMW i3, and later the sports car, the BMW i8.
In August 2007, BMW Motorrad takes over the production of motorcycles under the Husqvarna brand. This Swiss company, founded in 1903, has a rich tradition and allows BMW AG to expand its product range with the release of road motorcycles. The headquarters, development, production and sales and marketing departments of the Husqvarna brand remain in the same place, in the northern Italian region of Varese.
In autumn 2007, the company adopts a development strategy, the main principles of which are: "Growth", "Shaping the Future", "Profitability", "Access to Technologies and Customers". The company has two main goals: to be profitable and to continue to grow in times of change. The 2020 mission lists the BMW Group as the world's leading provider of premium products and services for individual mobility.
BMW company(Bayerischе Motor Werke AG) appeared in 1913 on the outskirts of Munich, as a result of the merger of two mini-companies founded by Karl Rapp and Gustav Otto. The second is the son of the famous inventor of the ICE (internal combustion engine), Nikolaus August Otto.
At the beginning of World War I, BMW received many orders for the production of aircraft engines, after which the founders decide to reunite into one aircraft engine company. After that, an aircraft engine plant appeared in Munich, registered in 1917 under the name - Bayerische Motoren Werke ("Bavarian Motor Works"), that is, in the abbreviation - BMW. A little later, this date was called the date of birth of the BMW company, and Carla and Gustava were called its founders.
Today there is quite a lot of controversy regarding the date of the founding of BMW, automotive historians are constantly arguing about this and cannot come to a consensus. All due to the fact that the official registration of the company is dated July 20, 1917, but long before this date, organizations successfully existed in the same city that also produced engines for aircraft engines. So, in order to find out the true origin of the "roots" of the Bavarian BMW brand, you need to teleport to last century. The involvement of the current BMW in production was first noticed on December 3, 1886, in the city of Eisenach, where from 1928 to 1939. was the headquarters of the company.
Wartburg
The name for the first car called "Wartburg" was one of the local attractions, the car saw the world in 1898. The appearance was driven by a range of 3 as well as 4 wheel concepts. The first Wartburgs were a car with a 3.5-horsepower 0.5-liter engine, the body was primitive without the slightest hint of a front or rear suspension. This primitive car served as an impetus for the creation of a more advanced model, which appeared a year after the first Wartburg. The successor could accelerate to an incredible 60 km / h at that time, and already in 1902 the Wartburg was born, equipped with a 3.1-liter engine and a 5-speed transmission, which turned out to be enough to win the car competitions in Frankfurt.
Max Fritz, who previously worked at the Daimler plant, became the chief designer of the Bayerische Motoren Werke. Under Fritz, the BMW IIIa aircraft engine was born, which successfully passed bench tests in 1917. After the test, the aircraft aggregated with this engine set a world record by climbing to a height of 9760 m.
It was this event that became the impetus for the appearance of the BMW emblem - a circle divided by two blue and two white sectors, personifying a spinning propeller that spins uncontrollably against the sky.
After the First World War, the BMW company was on the verge of collapse, according to the Versailles Treaty, the production of engines for aircraft was forbidden to the Germans, and the engines, as you understand, were the only type of product that BMW produced. However, the enterprising Karl Rapp and Gustav Otto were smart enough to get out of this situation, and they decide to convert the plant to the production of motorcycle engines first, and after a while the motorcycles themselves. So in 1923 the first BMW R32 motorcycle rolled off the assembly line, which in the same year won public recognition and a reputation as a reliable and fast motorcycle at the Paris Motor Show. Over time, this sympathy was confirmed by absolute speed records in motorcycle races held in the 20s and 30s.
The beginning of the 20s was marked for BMW new era, two influential businessmen appeared in its history - Shapiro and Gotaera, who later became its owners, pulling it out of the crisis and getting rid of debts. The main reason why the company was going through difficult times was the lack of its own automotive production. A way out was found by Shapiro, who had connections with influential English car manufacturers in essence - Herbert Austin. Shapiiro agreed on joint cooperation and mass production of "Austin" at the plant in Eisenach. Mass production in those days it was quite rare, only Daimler-Benz could afford it.
The first "hundred" thoroughbred "Austins", which enjoyed incredible popularity in Britain, were "right-hand drive", which was a rather outlandish phenomenon for the Germans. a little later car was tailored to "local" preferences and produced under the name "Dixie", of which about 15,000 rolled off the assembly line by 1928. In 1925, Shapiro became seriously interested in the production own cars, which will be built on an individual design, after which he began to negotiate with the designer-designer - Wunibald Kamm. The negotiations were successful and the designer accepted the invitation to participate in the development of a new car, thus inscribing his name in the history of a world-famous company. For several years in a row, Kamm has been developing units and new powertrains for BMW.
The premiere of the first thoroughbred "BMW" took place on April 1, 1932, which, after several years of existence, won public recognition. The model itself has become - the result of experience gained while working with "Dixie", as well as the embodiment of their own ideas and developments. Under the hood of the new car is a 20-horsepower engine capable of accelerating the car up to 80 km/h. The role of the transmission was performed by a mechanical "four-step", which was not equipped with any model until 1934.
Ernst Henne
Before the outbreak of World War II, BMW became one of the fastest growing companies in the world specializing in the production of sports equipment. Among the records of the company: the record of Wolfgang von Gronau, who traveled across the North Atlantic from east to west in an open Dornier Wal seaplane equipped with a BMW engine, as well as the record of Ernst Henne, who set a world speed record for motorcycles on a R12 motorcycle with cardan drive equal - 279.5 km / h. The last record was broken only 14 years later, before that no one had been able to achieve such results.
In 1933, the production of the 303 model starts - which became the first BMW car with 6 cylinders, its debut took place at the auto show in Berlin, and became a real sensation. An in-line six-cylinder engine with a volume of 1.2 liters allowed the car to reach a speed of 90 km / h. Subsequently, it formed the basis of many BMW sports projects. In addition, the unit was installed for the first time on the new "303" model, which for the first time was equipped with a branded radiator grille in the form of two oblong ovals. bmw-303- was designed at the factory in Eisenach and was distinguished by: a tubular frame, excellent handling, independent front suspension, and remarkable dynamics.
The result of the two-year production of the BMW 303 was 2300 cars, after which new cars appeared, which already featured more powerful engines with different designations - "309" and "315". From these models, the logical system for designating BMW models actually went. For example, the number "3" is the series, and 09 is the engine size (0.9). By the way, the system is still in use today.
The most striking and remarkable models of that time were "BMW-319" and "BMW-329", which were more sporty than just everyday, their "maximum speed" was about - 130 km / h.
In 1936, the BMW 326 is shown to the public, it looks simply gorgeous, and the public immediately falls in love with this novelty. The premiere of the model took place at the Berlin Motor Show, the design could hardly be called sporty, it was rather made in the style of that time and taking into account all the trends in the auto world. A chic interior, an open top, a lot of innovations and improvements made this car an object of desire, after which it could already boldly compete with Mercedes-Benz models.
The BMW-326 model had a weight of 1125 kg, while it had a maximum speed of 115 km / h. and consumed a hundred km. path of 12.5 liters of fuel, thanks to these characteristics and its attractive appearance, the car has become one of the company's bestsellers. The BMW 326 was taken out of production in 1941, with a production volume of almost 16,000 at that time, which made the BMW 326 the best pre-war model.
1936 was for BMW the year of the appearance of the famous "BMW-328" - which became one of the most successful sports cars of the company. After the appearance of the "326" BMW's ideology was defined, the concept: "Auto for the driver" is still relevant today. As for the main competitor, Mercedes-Benz, it pursues a goal called: "Auto for passengers." Each of the companies is true to its ideologies and has been rigorously following them for several hundred years.
Over the years of its existence, the BMW 328 has become a multiple winner of various rallies and circuit races, surpassing its competitors in all respects. Under the hood of the car was a six-cylinder engine capable of accelerating to 150 km / h.
With the outbreak of the war, the production of cars was suspended, and aircraft engines again became priorities. The Second World War was a turning point for most German automakers, and BMW was no exception. The Milbertshofen plant was completely bombed by the liberators, and the enterprise, which was located in Eisenach, now belonged to the Russians. Part of the equipment was confiscated by Russia as repatriations, the rest of the equipment was used for the production of BMW-321 and bmw-340, followed by shipment to the USSR.
The factories in Munich remained almost untouched, around which BMW shareholders concentrated their main forces, with the support of the German National Bank, which helped the company bring the sports BMW-328 back to life. From 1948 to 1953, BMW produced new sports cars based on it.
In 1951, the First Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany, Konrad Adenauer, was shown a newly made bmw sedan"State Sedan", based on the 501 platform.
BMW was going through hard times, but despite this, in 1951 it demonstrates a prototype of a new car - the BMW-501. The main differences of the model were: drum brakes, a large four-door body (sedan) and a new power unit with a capacity of 65 "horses" with a volume of 1.97 liters. The car was perceived in two ways, the surprise was caused by the financial inability of the company to ensure the serial production of the BMW-501 model, but despite this, in 1952, 49 copies left the assembly line. Two years later, the number reached 3410 units, the buyers were mostly true fans of the BMW brand.
After some time, BMW began to think more and more about the lack of engines, weak, low-torque engines contributed to a decrease in interest in cars. The designers begin the development of a new eight-cylinder engine, the first samples of which appeared in 1954. The engine had a volume of 2.6 liters, its power was 95 hp, after which in the 60s it was increased to 100 hp.
With the advent of the new eight-cylinder engine, the appearance of the BMW-501 changed: chrome moldings appeared on the body, which added some chic and elegance to it. In addition, the new engine allowed the "501" to accelerate to 160 km / h, of course, and fuel consumption increased significantly, which could not but worry the designers, as well as the BMW management.
| Full title: | Bayerische Motoren Werke AG |
| Other names: | bmw |
| Existence: | 1916 - present day |
| Location: | Germany: Munich |
| Key Figures: | Norbert Reithofer, Chairman of the Board of Directors |
| Products: | Cars, trucks, buses, engines |
| The lineup: | BMW M4; BMW X5 ; |
The impetus to join forces and release more aircraft engines served as the First World War. Military operations required a lot of equipment, and the plant, which arose in 1917, was ready to meet these needs. During the merger, the company was given the name "Bayerische Motoren Werke". The first letters made up the now famous automobile brand BMW.
From aircraft to motorcycle engines
With the end of the First World War, the prosperity of the company also ended. According to the Treaty of Versailles, the Germans for five whole years lost the right to manufacture engines for aircraft, the power of which exceeded 100 hp.
Reprofiling saved the company from bankruptcy. Thanks to optimism, entrepreneurs managed to quickly reorganize and start producing small motors for motorcycles in 1920. Many motorcycle manufacturers have become buyers boxer engines bmw.
Somewhat later, the company began to assemble the whole two-wheeled product. The first-born - R32 appeared in 1923. The quality of the vehicle can be judged by sales. More than three thousand R32 units were sold by the beginning of 1926. With an engine power of 8.5 hp. the motorcycle could accelerate to 90 km / h or more. The low center of gravity made it very stable. There were no difficulties in handling and care. Taken together, it made it possible to sell the product at a high price of 2.2 thousand imperial marks. Competitors asked for much less for their products. But the R32 was worth that kind of money, because it was the absolute champion in speed and the results of international races have repeatedly confirmed this fact.
Now it is no longer a secret, what used to be a big secret: aircraft engines the company supplied to the USSR. We can say that Russian aviation developed on German aircraft engines. At least, most of the records of the Land of the Soviets in air travel were won precisely on those aircraft on which BMW engines were installed.
In 1928, the firm made two significant acquisitions. The first is the production area in Eisenach. The second is permission to manufacture Dixi small cars. It was the little Dixi that became the first car produced by BMW. The machine was very popular in a difficult economic period, as it did not require a lot of expenses.
By September 1939, BMW was one of the world's leading vehicle manufacturers. The company focused on the production of sports equipment. For example, the distance record was set on an open plane while flying across the North Atlantic. The speed record belongs to the motorcycle racer Ernst Henne, who managed to accelerate to 279.5 km / h on the R12.
Car - for the driver
The first car with a six-cylinder engine began to be assembled in 1933. Models were assigned the index "303". A few years later, the legendary "328" appeared. This sports car was destined to become a true celebrity. His output formed the concept that lives today: "The car is for the driver." Absolutely all the innovations of the company are designed, first of all, for ease of operation and driver comfort.
Another equally well-known German company Mercedes-Benz is of the opinion that a car, first of all, must satisfy the needs of passengers. “The car is for passengers” is their motto.
Both concepts are relevant, both allow concerns to develop successfully.
As for the BMW 328, it was far ahead of all its rivals in rally, circuit racing, and hill climbing competitions. Connoisseurs of sports cars gave her unconditional superiority.
vicissitudes of fate
The new war did not bypass the BMW factories. Germany again needed aircraft engines. Car production was suspended. Despite the hostilities, but rather because of them, the company is developing rapidly. She was the first in the world to create a jet engine, and also began testing rocket engines.
The end of the war turned out to be a real disaster for the concern. By that time, his factories were scattered throughout Germany. Those that ended up in the east of the country were irretrievably lost. The winners dictated their own rules to the Germans and, in particular, banned the production of engines for aircraft and missiles.
We must pay tribute to the perseverance and hard work of Otto and Rapp, who found the strength in themselves and began to restore production from scratch.
The very first post-war product of the company is the R24 single-cylinder motorcycle. It was assembled not at a factory, but in a small workshop, since the manufacturers had neither production facilities nor equipment.
The first post-war passenger car - "501" appeared in 1951. Here friends miscalculated. This model was a waste of money. They did not receive any profit from the new model.
Four years later, motorcycles of the R 50 and R 51 models began to be assembled. They opened a completely new generation of two-wheeled vehicles. A distinctive characteristic was that the entire chassis. At the same time, the small car "Isetta" appeared. This three-wheeled product was something strange. No longer a motorcycle (there was a door that opened forward), but not yet a car (there was no fourth wheel), Isetta was extremely popular with impoverished Germans for some time.
The passion for powerful engines and the same cars played a cruel joke on the manufacturers. Too much was spent on the production of limousines, but there was no demand for them. So the company was threatened with collapse again. There was talk of selling the company.
Mercedes-Benz announced the purchase of a "brother". But the deal fell through: the owners of BMW shares, its agents and employees opposed such a solution to the issue.
Years of experience joint work helped to cope with a difficult situation for the third time. The restructuring of finances and a new model of a sports car - BMW-1500 allowed to rise to its former height.
New achievements
The last three decades of the last century, the company has developed rapidly. New capacities were built, equipment was improved. At this time were created:
- "2002-turbo" (for the first time in world practice);
- a system that protects the brakes from blocking. All modern cars are equipped similar system;
-electronic control engine (for the first time).
At the Formula 1 competition in 1983, the driver who started in a Brabham BMW wins. The headquarters moves to a new building in Munich. For testing open a test site in Aschheim. under construction research an institution dedicated to the development of improved models.
In the 70s, the first cars of the third, fifth, sixth and seventh series appeared.
From the 69th, motorcycles began to be produced at a factory located in Berlin. Then there were motorcycles - "opposites". The first full-size fairing in '76 was installed on the R100 RS.
The 83rd was marked by the fact that then it was released famous brand- K100. Its four-cylinder engine was fuel-injected and liquid-cooled. One hundred years since the release of the very first motorcycle was celebrated in the 85th. Then a record number of motorcycles was assembled at the Berlin plant - more than 37 thousand pieces. Another novelty - K1 was presented at a presentation in the 89th.
In 1990, Germany was reunited, and the concern registered a company called BMW Rolls-Royce GmbH. In addition, it was decided to re-engage in the creation of aircraft engines. A year later, the BR-700 engine was ready.
The company significantly strengthened its position when, in 1994, it bought the Rover Group and the largest British complex that produced Land Rover, Rover and MG cars. The acquisition cost an amount equal to 2.3 billion Deutschmarks. New capacities have replenished the model range of the company with SUVs and ultra-small cars. Four years later, the concern acquired another British company. This time it became her property famous company"Rolls-Royce".
An airbag for the passenger in front, all serial BMW cars began to be equipped with the 95th year. And since March of the same year, a station wagon of the third series (touring) was launched into the series.
In the last years of the last century, a lot of interesting motorcycles from a technical point of view appeared. special attention deserves the R100RT Classic. This copy is designed for lovers of tourism, has luggage cases and heated steering wheel grips. For tourist trips another bike of the same family was also designed - R100GS PD. Both models took part in the prestigious world-class Paris-Dakkar rally. They were not only participants, they had four victories on their account.
The F650 model is quite popular. From the very beginning of release (1993), she began to compete on equal terms with Japanese motorcycles similar class.
The development of the R1100RS opposites also began in the 93rd of the 20th century. On this model, for the first time, not only the footrests and handlebars, but also the saddle were equipped with an adjustment mechanism. A year later, two more representatives of a similar model appeared. The first is R1100RT, the second is R850R.
The group of the world's most powerful motorcycles includes the R1100GS. And the tourist K1100RS became the most popular among representatives of motorcycles with four cylinders. It owes its popularity to the sports fairing. Well, the most interesting is the representative K1100LT. The huge fairing of this bike is equipped with an electric drive. He has:
Adjustable windshield;
-large trunks for luggage;
- anti-lock brake system.
The modern BMW concern is a well-developed production that has its offices in all parts of the world. BMW does not rely on automation, all assembly processes are carried out manually. Each copy is subjected to computer diagnostics.
High-quality, safe and comfortable equipment is in constant demand. Therefore, sales are growing every year, and with them the profit of the company.
However, if you prefer cars from Japanese manufacturers, then we can advise you to the lexus Yekaterinburg center. In that dealer center you can buy cars from the ES, IS, GS, LS, CT and RX lines, at an affordable price.
Today, BMW is a modern, dignified and popular vehicle manufacturer. However, the history of the BMW company clearly reflects its path, passed in order to gain the trust and respect of its fans.
Currently, the BMW logo adorns cars, motorcycles, bicycles, engines of the best quality. The company's turnover is about 170 billion euros per year, of which about 9 billion is net profit. Major subsidiaries of the brand specialize in the production of small cars, luxury cars and electric vehicles.
Company `s logo
Geographically, the head office of the company is located in Germany, in the city of Munich. Production facilities are located both in some cities in Germany and in other countries. BMW cars have been successfully competing with products for many years. mercedes benz. Originally founded for the production of aircraft engines, the company has firmly entered the automotive industry and is one of the flagships in this industry.
Company head office
How it all began
The history of the company's creation began with the fact that in 1916 Karl Friedrich Rapp registered his company for the production of aircraft engines. The headquarters of the future leader of the automotive industry is located in Munich, pursuing certain goals - to be closer to the production facilities for the production of aircraft owned by Gustav Otto, a friend and later companion of Rapp.
Carl Friedrich Rapp, company founder
Almost immediately, the newly created enterprise was lucky in the form of a lucrative contract for the production of engines for Austro-Hungarian aircraft. Along the way, there was also a difficulty - a lack of finance. For solutions last problem the company was able to expand by acquiring co-founders who provided an influx of Money. Unfortunately, such an expansion brought a series of setbacks that led to the departure of the founder of the company. The reins of government passed to Franz Joseph Popp, thanks to whom, since 1918, history has continued as a BMW company.
During the historical events of that time, after the conclusion of the Versailles Peace Treaty, the production of aircraft in Germany became impossible - it was prohibited, and the history of the company turned in a different direction - the manufacture of brake systems for trains and trains.
But not for long did the BMW brand have a connection with by rail- already in 1923, the first motorcycle was produced under this brand. BMW motorcycles immediately captivated the public with their level - the cars were well thought out, ideal for racing use and spectacular in appearance.
Having made an excellent impression on buyers with motorcycles, the founders of the company did not stop at this achievement and in 1928 the first production facilities for the production of automobiles were acquired. Since that time, along with motorcycles, the first car has received the right to life.
Automotive history
The history of BMW cars began with small cars. At that time (and this is the 20-30s of the XX century) small cars were at the peak of popularity due to their fuel economy, maneuverability and ease of control. So, the first developed and produced BMW car was the Dixi 3/15 PS. It had only 20 horsepower, but a number of its advantages were complemented by the ability to reach speeds of up to 80 km / h, a four-cylinder engine and impeccable workmanship. This model was largely copied from the well-known English brand, so in 1933 the lineup was replenished with a subcompact own design: BMW 303.
303
The small volume of the engine was comfortably combined in it with a relatively light body and did not bad power at 30 horsepower. It was already a real representative of the brand, with a characteristic appearance of the radiator grille in our time.
In 1936-1937, the BMW 321 and 327 were produced - cars of full overall dimensions, with a two-liter engine. Beautiful, high quality and very affordable. Thus, the history of BMW, as a brand that guarantees the highest quality of products, began in 1927 and continues today.
Post-war recovery
The forced break in the automotive industry due to hostilities and their consequences also affected BMW. Factories located in Germany were not able to produce cars and motorcycles. Permission to manufacture them was obtained only in 1948.
The first BMW 501 produced after the war was notoriously unsuccessful. Firstly, while work was underway to develop it and obtain permits for release, the machine was already morally and physically outdated - the engine did not have good power, and the appearance did not attract buyers. Secondly, the price of the 501 was too high for post-war Germany, a fact that has never boosted sales.
501
Swallowing failure, the Bavarians set to work, which brought great results. In 1954, the release of the 502 model took place, which outwardly seemed to be one of the versions of the 501 model, but had clear advantage- All-aluminum V8 engine. Prior to this, the history of automotive engines has never known such a motor.
502
A good profit was provided by the mass production of a new model manufactured under an Italian license - BMW Isetta. This is a small machine with one door and a motorcycle engine. Such little ones were very popular; they were collected more than sixteen thousand copies.
Isetta
Hard times
In the mid-50s of the twentieth century, the history of the company's development was marked by the development and release of two chic BMW models: the 503 and 507 Roadster. The first was immediately noticed at the motor show in 1955 due to the original body structure called hartop.
507 roadster
A powerful engine and the ability to reach speeds of almost two hundred kilometers per hour are guaranteed to make this model the main participant in the show in Frankfurt. The 507th BMW immediately after the release was recognized as one of the most beautiful cars in the world. It combined a 3.2-liter engine with an elegant body design designed by Count Albrecht Hertz. By the way, one of these roadsters became famous after being bought by Elvis Presley.
Unfortunately, although these BMW cars were created with style and quality, they also had a very expensive cost which could not but affect the financial condition of the company. Motorcycle production remained at an average level, expensive sedans were bought little, and small cars were no longer in such demand as they used to be. Story brand bmw again faced with the possibility of premature termination.
Renaissance
In December 1959, a possible sale of the company was announced. The crisis was helped to resolve the 700 model. It was decorated with a Michelotti body, and the functionality was provided by an engine of 700 cubic meters and a power of 30 horsepower. A feature of this model is the location of the motor at the back. The 700 was well received by the public and orders poured in one after another.
700
Having experienced a slight upsurge, the brand already in 1962 not only got on its feet confidently, but also gained fame, known to this day. BMW 1500 - it was this model that brought worldwide fame to the Bavarian company. Rear-wheel drive, with a recognizable body deflection and grille, it was equipped with four-cylinder engine- so beautiful in every way that even Soviet engineers paid tribute to him by copying him for their creation - Moskvich.
1500
In the 1960s, the history of BMW rapidly developed the direction of sedans and coupes with a spectacular appearance and attractive technical characteristics. 1962 was the year BMW release 3200 CS with a Bertone body, 1965 was marked by the production of the first car with automatic transmission- it was a BMW 2000 coupe.
3200CS
The power of a car is growing rapidly every year, already in 1968 a car of this brand overcame the bar of 200 km / h. We are talking about the BMW 2800 CS.
Rapid development
This period fell on 70-90 years of the last century. The BMW 3.0 C SL is a legendary racing model capable of reaching speeds of up to 220 km / h, with an improved engine and a novelty of those times - ABS brakes.
The BMW 2000 Turbo is the pioneer of serial production of turbocharged cars.
BMW 3er - with this model, the production of the third series of bodies began. Here, a new generation engine with a cooling fan was presented, and the chassis was improved.
bmw 6er coupe sports class, which has a stunning appearance, reliable engine Big six. In this series, the models have undergone many changes. By 1989, they were equipped with a sunroof, a leather interior in body color, a computer, disc brakes, air conditioner.
The BMW 7er is a luxury sedan body. Quite a few models were released in this series. 728, 730 and 733i are among the first to have Chek-control, flow indicators and a ZF automatic in their arsenal.
733i
Subsequent models were more advanced, including turbocharging, full power accessories and leather interior. In 1986, it was the BMW "seven" that was first equipped with a twelve-cylinder engine.
Luxurious, reliable, expensive
Observing changes in the modifications of cars bearing BMW emblems, we can say with confidence that every year the equipment cars is becoming more and more luxurious, capable of foreseeing the slightest needs of users, providing complete comfort and convenience in any situation.
BMW cars continue to be produced in sedans and coupes, and already in 1998, the third series model was released, which is presented both in a sedan, and in a station wagon, and in a hatchback. And 1999 was the year of birth, one might say, of the already legendary X5 crossover.
x5
The main feature of this model is equally good off-road and autobahn adaptability - so far no one has managed to combine these qualities in their offspring. She made a real sensation among motorists and became a bestseller for many years.
In 2001, the history of BMW models made another steep turn, presenting its creation from the 7er line - E65, which differs from all previously made ones by a radically new approach to controlling the mechanism. For her, the i-Drive system was developed, which allows coordinating up to 700 parameters, a six-speed automatic transmission and a servo brake.
E65
Analyzing the history of the entire BMW lineup, the principle of success of this company becomes clear. Here, the priority is intellectual technical developments, the implementation of the most daring ideas, customer focus in detail, as well as the foresight of shareholders and the correct monitoring of market demand.
History of motorcycle construction
Despite the clear priority in the automotive industry, motorcycles were, are and will be in demand. This type of transport has its own advantages, its own market and range.
The very first motorcycle in the history of the company was created by engineer Max Friz, embodying a radically new idea structure of this vehicle. His idea was unusual for 1922 and consisted in the possibility of installing the engine not along, but across the longitudinal axis of the motorcycle.
First motorcycle
The development led to the release of the innovative R32. It was presented at the famous motor show in 1923 and received loud publicity and rapidly growing popularity, despite the rather high cost.
Having widely presented its new product both in the form of urban transport and in the form of racing, the company began to improve the first model. Within ten years, motorcycles bearing BMW emblems have undergone significant changes. The tubular frames have been replaced by pressed metal bases, the engine displacement reaches 750 "cubes", the front wheel fork is equipped with shock absorption. The R12 and R17 models produced in 1935 looked similar.
R17
The world-wide fame of BMW as a manufacturer of motorcycles was brought by racing. It is by constantly setting new speed records that the German brand's motor vehicles have become incredibly popular not only in their own country, but also abroad. A well-known victory for the BMW brand was brought in 1939 by the racing driver George Mayer, who created a unique compressor that combines the lightness of a car and a high speed limit.
The Second World War also served as an excellent advertisement for the brand. Concerned about providing troops with equipment, the authorities gave preference to BMWs, given their previous merits in terms of speed and ease of operation and maintenance. Some models were created directly for military purposes, such as the R 75, which received a lot of positive feedback and awards from military leaders in different countries.
R75
After the war, the company set itself a more urgent goal for peacetime - ensuring the comfort of the driver and passengers of motorcycles. In 1951, the R51/3 was released with an improved Boxer engine and a smoother ride.
Over time, the manufacturer will continue to work on bringing the configuration and characteristics of their motorcycles. In the 60s, the fashion for this type of transport, both for movement and for sports, will spread throughout Europe and even America.
Motorcycles are becoming profitable to produce in series. Comfortable and reliable BMW models are widely used and world famous. The new R75/5 with 750cc engine not only excels in speed, but also in ease of handling, design and quality components.
In 1973, a jubilee, 500,000 copy of the motorcycle, the R 90 S, was released. distinctive features- streamlined shape and increased engine volume. Soon it was supplemented by an even more updated R 100 RS. The production of motorcycles has become (and still remains) in demand.
R 100 RS
1980 was a significant year in the field of motorcycle production at BMW factories. A single pendulum has been developed for the R 80 G/S rear wheel- this design allowed the car to overcome impassability without sacrificing speed.
Further developments made it possible to equip the K100 electronic injection fuel and provide it with a capacity of 90 horsepower. Also in 1993, another novelty conquered women's hearts - the F650 single-cylinder bearer of the blue and white brand badge.
The heyday of the production of motor vehicles fell on the 90s of the last century. In 1996, the company suspends the production of three-cylinder models (K75) and switches to four-cylinder - 1200 RS with an engine of 1171 cubic centimeters and a power of 130 horsepower. Perfectly tuned suspension and drive make the new product a sales star, it is popular both for tourism and for traveling around cities and autobahns.
Currently, motorcycles are presented in a huge assortment, there are also touring models that pass on any road or even in its absence, high-speed sports bikes that can satisfy the most sophisticated drivers, and, of course, classic city riding options - elegant or extravagant.
BMW motorcycles are constantly being improved, their quality has long been confirmed by years of successful operation, robust design and credibility of the brand.
History of engines
BMW was originally formed as an engine company, and it is not so important that the engines were planned to be produced for the aircraft industry! Be that as it may, when establishing production, the founders relied on the quality of this particular part of the machines - the company has always designed, assembled and improved engines for its cars and motorcycles on its own, achieving stable operation and maximum performance.
Produced at the very beginning, the engines mainly had military purpose and made to order for the German army. But after the end of World War II and the conclusion of the Treaty of Versailles, which prohibited the production of military equipment, the plant had to direct its activities in a slightly different direction.
The first engines produced by the company were the primitive M10-M50, this was the first generation of engines that did not yet have special requirements, their repair was frequent and how simple, which at times was carried out independently by the owners of the cars.
Engines improved over time had a valve timing control mechanism inlet valve- VANOS. They can already be attributed to the new generation of motors. Here, the wear resistance of the engine is significantly increased and environmental parameters of operation are taken into account.
The next step is the thermostat, which opens at 97 degrees, this made it possible to perfectly adapt the motor for driving in urban conditions. In such engines there is a function of complete combustion of fuel. Similar engines(and this is M54, M52TU) work with electronic pedal gas, the sensitivity of which is increased tenfold. This device is very whimsical to the choice of brand of fuel. The quality of the product being poured directly affects its proper operation and service life.
Sport in BMW history
Releasing such huge variety models of cars and motorcycles, the history of BMW could not ignore such a popular field of application of technology as sports. Often it was sports models that brought popularity to the brand and ensured sales growth!
The first BMW sports car was made in 1936 and instantly made a splash in the world of motorsport. It was a BMW 328, its design ideally combined light weight of the car and good power with an engine capacity of only two liters. In subsequent years, based on this model, other, faster ones were also released.
First sports car
The shareholders of the company, seeing a successful trend in the development of production in the sports direction, in 1972 created a subsidiary - BMW Motorsport GmbH. It was designed specifically for the development, production and refinement of racing models.
In 1973, the BMW 3.0 CSL received dizzying fame after participating in circuit races. This model also had a corresponding racing look- spoilers on the trunk, enlarged wings, and besides this - a lot of advantages in technical equipment. The first turbocharged variant, the BMW 2002 turbo, had a similar career, and a unique engine was developed for it, adapted specifically for the race track.
It was at this time that BMW confidently became a leader in sports series, releasing racing new items with light weight and high power. Both automobiles and motorcycles are produced in this area. In the automotive industry, the CSL series continues to develop, a six-cylinder engine appears, brake system ABS, body made of special lightweight alloys.
BMW motorcycles are developing very rapidly in the racing business - the main focus of the company's designers is in this direction. Engines for racing cars are being developed. The acclaimed Boxer series of motorcycles has undergone many improvements, including special racing engines, wheel dampers and off-road capability. In particular, it was on a BMW motorcycle (it was R 90 S) in 1976 that the Superbike Championship in America was held.
R90S
All these successes led to the opening in 1988 of the special production facilities of BMW Motorsport GmbH in Munich.
For more than 50 years, there has been a separate racing program from BMW Motorsport, which provides for the production and sale of cars for racing sports.
origin of name
The name BMW logically comes from the original purpose of the company: Bayerische Motoren Werke, namely the "Bavarian Motor Works". The history of the brand began shortly before the First World War, when this enterprise for the production of aircraft engines was created.
Officially, this happened in Munich, July 20, 1917 - from this date the countdown begins. bmw history. The founders of the Bavarian motor factories were Karl Rapp and Gustav Otto - having opened their two small companies, they subsequently merged them into one, which just became the world-famous BMW.
Creation of a logo
No less interesting is the history of the brand logo. Known to every modern person, the blue and white BMW emblems were developed at the very beginning of the founding of the enterprise and symbolized the white propeller of an airplane against a blue sky background.
The creation of the logo was directly influenced by the history of the creation of this brand. Since the company was founded as the Bavarian Motor Works and produced aircraft engines. It is quite natural that the history of the logo began with the design in the sky style.
First emblem
The very first version in the history of the emblem, approved in 1917, depicted the propeller of a flying aircraft. The idea was great, but the execution of such a logo turned out to be complicated and visually the details were small. In a small badge, it was not at all clear what exactly was depicted on it. Therefore, in 1920, the shareholders of the company decided to improve it.
Logo evolution
The image of the propeller was simplified to the form that is known in our time: blue and white diamonds. The white quarters of the circle symbolize the propeller of the engine, the blue ones are the sky background. Such an image is doubly relevant, since it is in white and blue colors that the flag and coat of arms of Bavaria go.
The history of the BMW mark is simple and uncomplicated, and the logo of this brand is known all over the world and is recognizable at first sight.
A look into the future
A company that has survived more than one crisis, has made many technical discoveries and the right marketing moves, firmly standing on its feet, is simply doomed to a successful career. Celebrating its centenary, BMW set itself the goal of "The Next 100 Years".
Market research and customer needs are currently being researched. Careful data analysis will lead to the development and production latest types machines, taking into account modern digital technologies. In active development are additive technologies and total process automation, digital intelligence, the ability to robotic control vehicle and other innovations.
BMW also pays special attention to environmental protection, it was the first in the world to introduce requirements for compliance with environmental standards. In the future, it is planned to focus on this problem, taking into account new types of fuel, electric vehicles and similar measures.
BMW has been, is and will remain one of the leaders in the global automotive industry. Quality, exterior, technical data and ease of operation, which invariably accompany absolutely all products of this brand, have been speaking for themselves for more than a hundred years.
BMW cars, thanks to their memorable appearance, have become the most recognizable cars on the streets and in transport, city streams.
"Powerful", "elegant", "stylish" - all these epithets, the history of BMW cars, has a lot. As it rarely happens, the history of BMW and, especially in the post-war years, developed quite smoothly, “in German”, without any ups and downs, but first things first.
History of creation
The founder of the company is Rapp Karl Friedrich ( interesting fact– Rapp for a long time worked as technical director at Daimler-Benz), who in 1913 began to master aircraft engines and in 1916 a contract was signed for the supply of engines to the Austro-Hungarian coalition.
But after a change in leadership in 1917, Franz Joseph Popp gave the main name of the brand - "BMW AG" (Bavarian Motor Works). After the ban on the production of aircraft in Germany (the Treaty of Versailles, the end of the First World War), the history of the development of BMW tells us how the company switched to the production of locomotive brakes for railway transport.
History of motorcycles
After numerous achievements in aviation, it was decided to "go down to Earth" and in 1923 the first motorcycle BMW "R 32" was released, then the sports "R 37".
The history of BMW motorcycles is amazing, a huge number of records, victories and prizes, for the entire time of release, put BMW motorcycles on a par with more narrowly focused companies (American Harley Davidson, Japanese Kawasaki). Evaluation indicator of achievements that can be proud of motorcycle history BMW models, serves as the cost of rare motorcycles. Even pre-war copies are different high quality driving comfort and speed characteristics.
pre-war history
The company produced its first car in 1928, after acquiring a factory in Eisenach. The first car was Dixi, which absolutely met the requirements of those times, there was a special hype for this model in the UK, and the company had to produce right-hand drive cars. Perhaps it was this “success” that caused the car to be renamed: instead of “DIXY”, it became known as “BMW”, from that moment the legendary march through the world of the “white and blue propeller” begins.
In 1933, BMW released the next iconic model, the six-cylinder BMW 303. The famous "nostrils" began to decorate the front panel of the car, "nostrils" that were worn by almost all generations of BMW.
The next car of the company became almost legendary, with it BMW won almost all the prizes and awards possible at that time - the BMW 328. The first serial roadster, created and designed in one year, 1936, the BMW 328 became the real pride of the company.
By the beginning of the Second World War, the BMW company was at the top of the aviation, auto and motorcycle industry, unfortunately, on the side of the Nazis.
During the Second World
In the second world company entered as a manufacturer of weapons.
First of all, these were aircraft engines for the Luftwaffe.
After 1943, the company creates the first turbojet engine BMW - 003, and successfully implements it on the AR - 234. The height reached was 12,800 m, which is undoubtedly a record for that time, even for a country on the verge of defeat.
Generally in military history BMW has a lot of white spots and gaps, but there is no doubt that the concern's factories used the labor of prisoners and prisoners of concentration camps. After the defeat, in World War II, the BMW factories were dismantled and taken out by the allies, including the USSR (an interesting fact - AZLK cars, Moskvich, at that time were a symbiosis of BMW and Opel).
post-war period
Since BMW was recognized as a supplier and manufacturer of weapons, it was forbidden to create and produce equipment. The exceptions were motorcycles, with a volume of up to 250 cubic cm. The company was also forced to produce "consumer goods", necessary for the revival of the country from the ruins, frying pans, pots, fittings and the like. The permission to produce bicycles turned out to be a landmark for the company.
Since all technical documentation and factory facilities were destroyed, everything had to be created from scratch. Even the bicycle was "invented" and redesigned, as access to technical information was closed. A significant achievement was the decision to install a low-power engine on a bicycle, it was thanks to this that permission was given for the production of low-power motorcycles and already in 1948 the first post-war R24 with 250 cc and 12 hp was released. Then came the R25 2-cylinder, and by the end of 1950 more than 17,000 copies had been produced.
In 1952, the company had the opportunity to return to the automotive industry, and the luxurious BMW 501 was released, which was able to immediately return BMW to the industry.
An interesting fact is that there are quite a few confusions about the post-war BMW. For example, the Eisenach plant, previously owned by the concern and then ceded to the USSR, produced BMW 321 cars, and then BMW 340 (although the propeller badge was replaced with red) until 1953.
The Return and Development History of BMW. "Eggs on Wheels"
Despite the release of good luxury cars BMW 501 and BMW 507, in the conditions of the post-war crisis, not everyone could afford such cars and companies had to sink to the bottom in order to survive. A license was bought for the tiny Isetta car, popularly nicknamed the “egg on wheels”, but oddly enough it worked, the “eggs” sold out in huge numbers and the company slowly began to turn back into a concern.
This success almost killed the company, as the only wrong decision was made - a return to luxury cars. No one is allowed to "jump" immediately from "eggs" to limousines, not even BMW, and in 1959 an offer was received from the main and permanent BMW competitor, Daimler-Benz, about buying the company.
We can safely say that it was the workers who saved the company from absorption, thereby not depriving us, the descendants, of watching the amazing ups and downs of the two auto giants BMW and Mercedes-Benz. The workers and engineers believed in the potential of the company and convinced the management not only not to sell the company, but also to confidently and repeatedly expand production. Sponsors and funds were found, and the next milestone in development was the chapter called “success”.
Success on all fronts
Until 1975, BMW was confidently scoring points in various areas of the automotive industry. Through trial and error, numerous positive results have been achieved, both in sports and in civilian industries. The concern increased its capacity, built laboratories, the construction of that famous "BMW headquarters" hanging house was started. After the motorcycle surge of the 60s and 70s, the BMW Corporation finally got on its feet, and began to carry out an "insidious" plan to "capture" the planet.
Checkmate
In the 70s. years, the BMW concern released the very famous two series - the "troika" and the five, which to this day remain sales leaders all over the world. A unique design created by a great sculptor and a great racing lover, by by and large it was then that he determined the sporting future of cars, even in civilian versions.
Particularly noteworthy is the history of the BMW 5 Series. It was this series that played a major role in the success of the company. It was on it that all innovative projects and technological innovations were introduced. So the 520 model 1995 set the safety standards around the world and, through the use of special materials, reached a recycling rate of 85%. For many, this fact will cause a smile, but you know, to achieve similar effect, global manufacturers have spent 33.3 billion dollars, still ridiculous?
BMW X5
Although almost all BMW cars are successful and in demand, the BMW X5 stands apart.
For a long time, the company did not dare to release an SUV, but in 1999 (for reference, the main competitor of Mercedes-Benz released the ML-class in 1996, 3 years earlier) the X5 was released and, without underestimation, made a splash in world markets. It is not for nothing that he bears the nickname "impeccable", the X5 has surpassed its competitors.
The lineup
Although a huge number of models have been released over the years, the main ones can be considered those that began to be produced in series. There are 1st, 3rd, 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th May series, as well as M-class, X-Class and Z-class. A huge number of engines, more than any other manufacturers, deserve a separate article.
Outcome
Of course, the history of BMW is worthy of respect and admiration, even despite the obvious connection with the Nazis, during the war years. manufacturer of one of best cars of the planet, showed various examples of “survival”, in conditions of crises and failures, proving to the whole world that it is impossible to develop without technological solutions and new developments, even with perfect management.
Mercedes-Benz and BMW history the creation of competition deserves special thanks, since it is quite clear that without BMW there was no today's Mercedes-Benz and vice versa.
