Before buying a brand of car you like, every buyer will certainly have the question of which country's manufacturer's car to choose. After all, as you know, if a car starts to be in great demand in the world, manufacturers of other countries buy the rights to its production. This also happens in Russia, Renault Logan", "Toyota Camry", "Ford Focus", "", etc. are examples of this. But now our conversation will be about a middle-class car with a rich Ford Focus package, which can be found in three types of assembly in car markets. Russian Federation:
European;
- American;
- Russian.
To begin with, let's start with the fact that many people, as soon as they find out that a Russian-made car, immediately turn away and go to see any other car produced abroad. This is understandable, after all, for almost a lifetime Soviet car industry nothing worthwhile has been done that could equal at least a foreign car twenty years older than our car. But do not jump to conclusions about any machine, even our assembly, because each has its pros and cons! As for the car of the Russian assembly, there are not much more minuses than its European and American counterparts. On the contrary, the Russian "Ford Focus" is more adapted to our driving conditions, and sitting behind the wheel of this car, you will feel like in spaceship from the comfort and abundance of electronics. Outwardly, they almost do not differ from each other except for the headlights, but the design differences are greater, spare parts from the Russian Ford Focus will not be able to fit a foreigner. And now more about the differences between them:
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Sheena shop | 2840 R. | |
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Sheena shop | 3460 R. | |
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Auchan | 1119 R. | |
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city-tuning | 2005 R. | |
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The Russian Ford Focus, in comparison with its relatives, has very good, high-quality brakes, and therefore, when high speed he seems to be starting to slow down with his nose. This raises the fear of damaging your bumper on some object that has fallen on the road, it feels like the brakes were designed by a “coward”. As for its American sibling, the brakes are pretty sluggish, and sometimes you have to slam them all the way to the floor to get good stopping power. But the leader in this criterion is clearly the European-built Ford Focus, whose brakes were clearly made for driving on the autobahns. They are of medium sensitivity, when braking, the speed drops almost instantly, but in comparison with the Russian Ford Focus, the European does not skid, and he does not strive to throw you out through the windshield.
With regard to manageability. In this criterion, the first place is shared between the manufacturers of the USA and Europe, on whose machines, even at a speed of 190 km / h, significant rocking is imperceptibly significant. The car is coming almost following the indicated trajectory, which cannot be said about their Russian counterpart. A Russian car already at a speed of 140 km / h makes you think about the possible consequences, since the steering wheel becomes wadded, and the car does not exactly follow the trajectory of movement. On the other hand, the Russian Ford Focus has a fairly high ground clearance, which, unlike its foreign counterparts, makes it possible not to be afraid of every bump.
The ergonomics of machines from all manufacturers are on top. There are no backlashes, squeaks, as is usually the case on our cars, the interior is adapted for driving at high speeds, as there is lateral support for the seats. As a result, almost on any turns you sit like a glove. The main difference in this paragraph is in the headlights, where the Russian-assembled Ford Focus is at its best. The standard optics of its foreign counterparts are too dim and do not provide enough space for viewing, which is why you have to install xenon, but based on the fact that this is prohibited in many countries, you have to change all the optics.
As a result, one thing can be said that all these machines are approximately on the same level, each of them has its pros and cons. But the most important common minus of these cars is too thin body material. It is slightly susceptible to corrosion, but even with a small accident, you will have to invest more than one penny in the repair of your iron horse.
Good luck in choosing a car!
| Full title: | Ford motor company. |
| Other names: | Ford (Ford) |
| Existence: | 1903 - present day |
| Location: | USA: Dearborn, Michigan. |
| Key Figures: | William Ford Jr. (Chairman of the Board of Directors) Alan Mulally (President). |
| Products: | Cars and commercial vehicles: Ford |
| The lineup: | Ford Mondeo Ford Kuga Ford Airstream Ford GT (2003) Ford Windstar Ford Ka Ford Flex Ford Explorer Ford Orion Ford Probe Ford Excursion Ford Edge Ford Cougar Ford C-Max Ford Crown Victoria Ford EcoSport Ford Fiesta Ford Five Hundred Ford Capri |
Henry Ford (Henry Ford) - the greatest personality in the history of the automotive industry.
Once upon a time, it was he who, while still a boy, working on his father's farm, flopped hard from his horse. The incident occurred in the USA, in the state of Michigan on the outskirts of the city of Dearborn, in 1872. Having risen to the ground after a fall, Henry set a goal in his life to create a type of transport for people that would be safe, comfortable, unlike carts (carriages) with horses or just riding while sitting on a saddle.
Ford Motor Company.
Having matured, Henry Ford teamed up with his 11 friends, enthusiasts like himself. On June 16, 1903, they all gathered together start-up capital in the amount of $28,000 and applied to set up a manufacturing plant in Michigan.
This is how the Ford Motor Company was born. Her first automotive invention there was a "gasoline sidecar", which received the brand name "Model A" and was driven by an engine in eight Horse power.
10 years after the first release of the car, Henry Ford was called the genius all over the world, who gave the entire earthly society the first car available to every person - the Ford T. In addition, Ford Motor Company is the very first company in the world to introduce conveyor production cars. Due to technological advances and constant innovation, Ford was able to reduce the price of the Tin Lizzy from $850 to $290.
So what is the secret of automotive success? manufactured by Ford Motor Company, which has been going on for over a hundred years? Henry Ford created his company, dreamed of inventing such a car, the price of which in total would be the annual salary of a simple worker who worked at a car assembly plant in Detroit.
Henry Ford's very first car was the Model A.
The Ford company in its entire history, which has endured for about 140 years and has undergone great changes. But, despite this, the most important principles of production work remained unchanged - cars for people should be affordable, modern and reliable.
Henry Ford was born July 30, 1863 in Springfield, Michigan. His parents were named William and Mary Ford (William and Mary Ford), who had six children. Henry was the oldest of them. My father and mother owned a farm, which flourished. Therefore, all the childhood of the future genius was spent on the family farm, where Henry went to an ordinary rural school, and after that he helped his parents with the housework.
When Henry was 12 years old, he built a small workshop for himself, in which he spent all his free time with great pleasure. A few years later, he will create his first steam engine, designed in this workshop.
most famous and popular car of the last century - Ford T. It is thanks to the series of this brand that the car has turned from a toy for the rich into a means of transportation that is available to everyone.
Henry Ford takes a job as an assistant machinist, moving to Detroit in 1879. Three years later, he moves to Dearborn, where he designs and repairs for about five years. steam engines, but occasionally moonlighting at a plant in Detroit. After 9 years, Ford marries Clara Bryant and in 1888 successfully occupies one of the leading positions at the sawmill.
Three years later, in 1891, Ford became an engineer at the Edison Illuminating Company, and two more years later he was promoted to chief engineer. Now Ford has more free time plus a very decent income. Thanks to this, Henry was able to devote more time to the creation of an internal combustion engine.
The first version of the engine was developed in the kitchen, in the house of Ford himself. After that, he fastened it to a four-wheel bicycle frame. The result is a quad bike. In 1896, it was he who became the first Ford car. In 1899, Henry Ford left Edison Illuminating to form his own company, Detroit Automobile. A year later, the company will go bankrupt, but despite this, Ford will have time to produce several models. racing cars. Also in October 1901, Ford would take part in the auto race, where he would become the winner, overtaking the then current US champion Alexander Winton (Alexander Winton).
Model T was produced in the form of a convertible, pickup, passenger car and other types of models. Ford Motor was formed in 1903. Henry Ford founded the company along with 12 founders from Michigan. Ford himself was at the head of the company, holding the position of vice president and chief engineer, and he also owned a controlling stake of 25 percent.
To create a car manufacturing plant, the company bought the Mack Avenue van factory in Detroit and converted it to its line of business. Ford hired teams of 2-3 workers under his management and they made auto parts to order.
On July 23, 1903, the first Ford car was sold. The first model was the "gas sidecar" or Model A, powered by an eight horsepower engine. On the market, the car was assigned as a simple and affordable car, on which even a teenager at the age of 15 can sit behind the wheel. Thereafter, Henry Ford became the principal owner and chief president of Ford Motor.
Thanks to the first representatives of the company Schreiber, Thornton, Perry (Schreiber, Thornton, Perry) from the UK in 1907, the Ford logo was invented in the form of an oval. He characterized Ford cars as a symbol of reliability, efficiency and personified the "brand of the highest standard."
Henry Ford directed common work production. Over the next five years, under his management, nineteen letters from Model A to Model S were involved, some of which remained at the initial or research levels and did not reach the level of production and release to the market.
Henry Ford was able to fulfill his dream only in 1908. He released the Tin Lizzy model (Tin Lizzy, as the Americans affectionately called her) - Model T. This car model has become the most famous in the history of the auto industry. The base price of the car was $260. During the first year of release, eleven thousand were sold. car model T. Its appearance on the market meant both new era or the evolution of the mode of transport.
Ford cars did not require complex Maintenance, they could even drive over rough rural roads, in general, they were easy to drive. As a result, the demand for the car was constantly growing, and it became an object of mass production.
Also, on the main base of the Model T building, cars of other modifications are produced: minibuses, ambulance, finely freight transport, small vans, etc. In addition, a version was also made for a military ambulance.
With the increase in labor productivity and product quality, consumer demand from buyers also grew. Henry Ford becomes the very first in the world who decided to introduce an assembly line into automobile production. Thanks to him, the worker, staying in one place, performed only one operation, so every ten seconds a completely new Model T descended from the assembly line. The assembly line was one of the significant stages in the manufacturing revolution.
Family company.
Henry Ford, along with his son Adsel Ford, in 1919 bought shares in Ford Motor Company from other founders of the enterprise for $105,568,858, after which the company became their family firm, and the Fords were its sole owners. In addition, Edsel Ford inherited the position of chief president of Ford Motor from his father, a position he held until he died suddenly in 1943. In the future, after the death of his son, Henry Ford has to again lead the management of the company.
Ford Fordor Deluxe - also became a wildly popular car model in its time.
In 1927, the Model A became the first to feature the Ford logo on the grille in an oval silhouette. Most Ford vehicles until the late fifties were produced with a dark blue badge logo, which is now known to many buyers. But, despite the fact that the oval pattern was approved as the official logo of the company, it was not applied to cars until the mid-seventies.
Constant progress and an accelerated lifestyle of a person, forced the company to introduce technology innovations and increase capacities. Ford Motor Company has always tried to keep up with the times.
In 1932, the company introduced the public to the V-shaped 8-cylinder engine. On April 1 of the same year, Ford became the first to produce such a monolithic engine. A series of cars with this engine has become the most popular among most Americans.
There is an assumption that our "Seagull" is a copy of the Ford Fairlane. What do you think?
In the same year, Ford became the most common car, due to its maintainability and auto parts available in US stores. In 1934 - were released trucks Ford (with a fully modified engine) for large cities and working farms.
After, with every year of the popularity of personal transport, people have a problem of safety in cars. Ford does not get past this problem. He again becomes the one who is the very first to use safety glass in the production of a car. The main principle of the company's general policy has been and remains concern for human life. Therefore, the plant was constantly developing to reduce the risk to the person who was behind the wheel. Buyers have always generously paid for this with their love and predisposition to the Ford brand.
The Ford brand is becoming famous and popular not only in America. In addition to it, Ford Motor Company opens a large network of factories, stores and branches all over the world, including Russia and Europe. All over the world, Ford cars have good sales and become a national brand of genuine quality.
50-60s.
After the second patriotic war Henry Ford in 1945 inherits his powers as the head of the company, Henry Ford the second (eldest grandson). In addition, in May 1946, Henry Ford Sr. was awarded an honorary award for services to the automotive industry, as well as Golden medal at the end of the same year for services to society by the American Petroleum Institute.
Ford F-100 - became a cult car among pickup trucks, hooking a huge number of US residents on it. This model is still popular today.
On April 7, 1947, Henry Ford Sr. died at the age of 83 in Dearborn. His death marked the end of the initial and turbulent period of the Ford Motor Company and, despite this, opened the door to a new automobile era. The grandson of Henry Ford Sr. continues the work and dream of his grandfather with dignity. Appears, new ford model. On June 8, 1948, the 1949 model of the future was solemnly presented at the New York Auto Show. Its unique design set the model apart from all others: independent front suspension, opening rear side windows, as well as side panels in smooth shape.
A novelty in automotive design, it has become an amalgamation of the body and fenders. Ford Motor Company achieves high sales of these models in 1949, which is the highest sales since 1929. The company's profits begin to grow at a high speed, and this, in turn, allows to increase the number of factories, branches and open new engineering and research centers.
The Ford Thunderbird model - in those years becomes the most luxurious and legendary sports car. In the further development of the company, new areas of its activity are opened: 1. Ford Motor Company - the financial business of the FORD brand itself. 2. American Road Insurance Company - Insurance Company. 3. Ford Parts and Service Division - automated replacement of spare parts. As well as the production of automotive electronics and technology, space technology, computer development, etc.
And, in the end, Ford Motor Company in January 1956 becomes OJSC (open joint stock company). Now on this moment There are more than seven hundred thousand founders and owners of shares.
In the 1960s, the focus of the company was on the younger generation. Ford Jr. redirects car production to sports and inexpensive cars intended for youth.
After that, in 1964, the first model appears on the market. Ford Mustang, named after the P-51 military aircraft. Its feature was that a new type of engine was used. It combined the transmission and the drive axle together. Also, the differences were in the new body design, which combined all the modern trends of those years.
Ford Mustang - has become a real masterpiece among sports cars and the younger generation.
Such interest in the Ford brand has not been observed since the release of the first Model A. The company's expectations have exceeded themselves. Nearly 100,000 Mustangs were sold in the first three months after launch.
After such success, the inspired employees of the company continue to work on improving the design. New trends and innovations begin to apply automotive design. As a result, the Corina and Transit models are born.
In turn, Ford Motor Company continues to work on road safety projects. Proving thereby that profit is not the main goal of the company.
The Model GT40 wins the 24 Hours of Le Mans, ending Ferrari's lead in the event.
Also Ford Motor Company in 1970 was the first company in the world to introduce disc brakes to a wide range of production. In 1976 and thereafter, the official oval-shaped Ford logo with a blue background and silver letters appears on all car bodies. This made it possible to recognize Ford cars in any country in the world.
Model Ford Taurus - was awarded the "car of the year" in the United States, because of its comfort and economy, which also became a popular hit.
After, in turn, such models as the Ford Taurus and the Mercury Sebale appeared. They were designed as fuel economy vehicles. The company's designers and specialists have been constantly innovating to create a truly necessary car for middle class people.
It is worth noting that the Model Ford Taurus was designed as a car in which every detail was made to perfection. Such fruitful work brought success to the company and in 1986 the Ford Taurus became the number one car in America and was recognized as the best car of the same year.
After these events, the Model Ford Mondeo was released. It replaced the Model Ford Scorpio despite being smaller than it in early production.
Then in 1994 there was whole line novelties in addition to such as the Model Ford Mondeo. These are the new Windstar minibus, a modified Model Ford Mustang, as well as the new Model Ford Espire.
After some time in North America new improved Model Ford Taurus and Model Mercury Tracer. The first ones were made in them, modifying the design of the body and interior after the outdated style of the eighties. also in European countries, the design changes were shown to the public Minivan Galaxy, Model Ford Fiesta and an F-series pickup.
The new Model Ford Galaxy minivan was built on the same platform as the Ford Seat Alkhambra and Ford Volkswagen Sharan, their internal and external differences could easily be counted on the fingers.
Present tense.
Many years later, the main principle of the production of Ford Motor Company was the combination of car improvement plus the minimum production costs, which allows the company to produce world-class cars. Now the Ford company releases for sale all over the world more than seventy modifications of cars under different brands Ford, Lincoln, Aston Martin, Mercury, etc. Also Ford Motor Company has a stake in other companies such as Kia Motor Corporation or Mazda Motor Corporation.
The Model Ford Focus is a new model that has replaced the assembly line production of the Model Ford Escort. Ford Focus has gained wild popularity among Russian citizens even before the start of the main production. You can buy an engine for Ford Focus 2 at this link.
New official factory Ford Motor Company was opened on July 9, 2002 in the city of Vsevolzhsk in the Leningrad Region of the Russian Federation. In the Russian branch of the company there is a complete process of production cycle.
Ford World Automobile Corporation is one of the most successful and large companies in the world, ranking third in terms of the number of cars produced in the history. In the European market, cars of this manufacturer occupy the second position in sales, second only to the German brand Volkswagen. Interestingly, Ford is traditionally considered an American company, but truly american cars V model line there is no European branch of the corporation.
Almost all the cars that we see in the Ford model line in Russia are the brainchild of German made corporations. They are created, developed and assembled in Europe, and the only American capital in them. The main enterprises of the company are located in the USA, they produce expensive premium cars, as well as SUVs and legendary pickups Ford line F. Let's take a closer look at the scope of the corporation.
Ford production is truly a worldwide corporation
The plant producing the aggregate assembly of Ford cars is present today on every continent where these cars are sold at all. With the help of a rather complex development in all respects, the company gained a presence in all key countries, which helped to reduce the cost of cars for potential buyers.
It is for this reason that today the corporation offers a lot interesting models, new solutions for each country. The model line of proposals in South Africa is strikingly different from the cars sold in Russia, and the models for the US market are completely unique. main enterprises and production facilities companies are as follows:
- American factories are the cradle of the corporation, from which the rapid development of the company began;
- a German factory producing a full-scale production of the machine, starting from the design;
- the Chinese branch of the company produces cars almost exclusively for the domestic market of the Middle Kingdom;
- cars for the CIS countries are manufactured in Russia - Focus and Mondeo in the latest generations;
- several factories in South America also carry out the task of reducing the cost of the corporation's machines.
Optimizing the production of various cars, as well as attracting the best minds from around the world, has allowed Ford to become one of the strongest automotive corporations. For several years in a row, the technical achievements of the company's engineers have taken first place at various exhibitions and specialized shows.
What is worth only the production of a new type of EcoBoost gasoline engine with a special turbocharger system. 1 liter power unit capable of developing up to 125 horsepower in civilian versions and up to 150 horsepower in sports versions, while consuming a modest amount of fuel. Ford has a lot of such developments in the project.
Model line for Russian buyers Ford
In Russia, a fairly large number of cars of the world famous manufacturer Ford. Many are interested in this brand, because in it you can often find desired parameters and a combination of the necessary qualities. For example, the ratio of price and quality in these cars is optimal for each buyer.
The company also offers modern design cars, good materials and great build quality. Considering the high performance of equipment, it is difficult to find an alternative to cars from the American brand. The model range is represented by the following cars:
- Ford Focus is one of the best-selling cars in Europe, the leader of the C-class, which has recently been updated and is already on sale in its third generation;
- Ford Mondeo - big executive sedan, which is expected to be updated this year, but also in the old version is very interesting for the buyer;
- Ford S-Max - big enough family minivan with premium appearance and good technique;
- Ford Galaxy - almost a copy of the previous minivan with certain additions to the configuration and design;
- Ford EcoSport - new compact crossover with great potential against the background of the main competitors and rivals in the market;
- Ford Fuga - a compact urban SUV that did not receive planned sales due to too high a cost;
- Ford Edge- big crossover, able to take on off-road challenges and provide the driver and passengers with incredible comfort;
- Ford Explorer - the most big SUV, presented by the company in the Russian model line;
- The Ford Ranger is a small-sized pickup truck designed for lovers of practical and productive equipment for little money.
As you can see, everyone will be able to choose from the model range presented by the company. The line has offers for both the father of a large family and for the student. Both a businessman and a manager of a large enterprise will find a great car. Even if you need universal transport for various operating conditions, you can find the right car.
Ford is quite cautious about pricing, offering Russian buyers excellent opportunities to purchase the right vehicles. There are no pretentious cars with excessively high cost in the Ford lineup. This is precisely what the proposal of the American corporation is valuable for.
Ford cars not represented on the Russian market
American the lineup corporation has more than three dozen proposals, which actually stand out for their individuality both in appearance and in technology. Prices for Ford cars can be considered a benchmark for other market participants, because the company ranks third in the most difficult automotive market in the world - in the United States.
Among the models that would be of interest to a Russian buyer, one can single out a whole line of F pickups. These are huge cars with excellent capabilities and high technology. Also Russian motorist the following proposals present on the US market would clearly be of interest:
- Fusion - a new sedan with an old name, which received a great modern appearance and sports equipment;
- Mustang - the legendary sports car with huge popularity and consumer demand;
- The Taurus is the company's largest sedan offering a sporty premium, amazing and unique car;
- The Escape is one of the most affordable crossovers in the company's lineup with good potential;
- whole line hybrid cars that are present on American market and successfully sold;
- Expedition is a huge SUV specially designed for the Americans, which is unofficially shipped to any country in the world.
Buy Ford cars that are not in the official lists Russian dealers, only available in gray form. This means that you will not receive a guarantee for the car, you will be forced to overpay a lot of money for customs clearance and delivery. For example, a huge Expedition SUV in the USA costs 44 thousand dollars, and after transportation and registration to a Russian buyer, it will cost 60-70 thousand.
Therefore, it is better to focus on those cars that are available for official purchase in our country. Moreover, the list of these cars contains quite interesting and presentable sedans, minivans, SUVs, crossovers and even a pickup truck. There really is plenty to choose from.
Let's take a look at the review American version Ford Kuga- Escape by finding the main differences of the US version:
Summing up
Given the rather difficult state of the Russian automotive market in 2015, some new items planned for this period were cancelled. Therefore, today the company's model line has remained the same and has not presented new achievements of the corporation. Nevertheless, the cars currently on sale are worthy of the attention of the Russian buyer.
In the model line of the corporation there are many amazing options for cars suitable for any occasion. Which of the presented Ford models do you like the most, and which car would you like to see in your own garage?
Do you know who they belong to? In principle, at first glance, the answer to this question is quite easy. But it's not so simple. Especially with regards to the various divisions of well-known brands, in which you can even get confused. Plus, over the past decades, many car brands have become the property of other car companies. So today only an expert and connoisseur of the modern car market can easily name who owns car brands.
For example, for decades the British brand Vauxhall and the German brand Opel were owned by the American company General Motors. But in March 2017, the deal of the year (maybe even the deal of the decade) took place, in which the PSA group of companies acquired the Vauxhall and Opel car brands for $2.3 billion. This means that now the Vauxhall and Opel brands are owned by a joint company of Peugeot and Citroën brands, which created the PSA auto alliance. That is, now the Vauxhall and Opel brands belong to French car brands.
So, as you can see, not everything is so simple in the modern car market. But thanks to our material, you can find out who is what automotive brands owns today. This will help you not only expand your knowledge in the automotive world, but also become a real connoisseur in the world of automotive corporations.
BMW Group
Manufacturer aircraft engines Rapp Motorenwerke created Bayerische Motoren Werke in 1917. Bayerische Motoren Werke further merged with the aviation company ayerische Flugzeug-Werke in 1922. In 1923, the combined corporation began to produce engines for motorcycles, and also launched the production of motorbikes. In 1928, the production of automobiles began. Today it has a rather simple structure.
Here are the brands currently owned by the BMW Group:
bmw
Mini
Rolls Royce
BMW Motorrad (motorcycle brand)
Daimler
Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft (DMG) was founded in 1899. In 1926 she merged with by Benz&Cie. From that moment on, Daimler-Benz AG appeared in the world.
The headquarters is located in Stuttgart, Germany.
The company has a fairly complex corporate structure that includes brands ranging from microcar maker Smart to school bus maker.
Here are the brands Daimler owns today:
mercedes benz
Smart
Mercedes-Benz Truck (Manufacturer of trucks)
Freightliner (U.S. tractor and truck manufacturer)
Fuso (Manufacture of commercial trucks)
Western Star (Manufacture of semi-trailers)
Bharatbenz (Indian automobile company that manufactures buses and trucks)
Mercedes-Benz Vans (Manufacturer of minibuses and minivans)
Mercedes-Benz Buses (Bus manufacturer)
Setra (Manufacture of buses)
Thomas Built (Manufacturer of school buses)
(Mercedes-AMG (production of powerful and sports cars based on production models Mercedes is a division that is part of Daimler AG).
General Motors
In 1908 Buick owner William K. Durant, together with the Olds Motor Vehicle Company (Oldsmobile), founded a holding company that was supposed to help car brands compete in the car market. In 1909, Cadillac and Oakland joined the holding, which later received the new name Pontiac. Later, General Motors began to take over many small car companies. So, in 1918, the brand entered the holding.
General Motors is headquartered in Detroit, Michigan, USA.
In 2008 after the global financial crisis Company General Motors has shut down brands such as Oldsmobile, Pontiac, Saturn and Hummer.
The corporation currently controls the following companies:
Autobaojun (Car manufacturer in China)
Buick
Cadillac
Chevrolet
GMC
Holden (Australian car manufacturer)
Jiefang ( Chinese company, which manufactures commercial vehicles)
Wuling (Car manufacturer in China)
Fiat Chrysler
The Italian company and the American brand Chrysler officially completed their merger in October 2014, creating an alliance Fiat Chrysler automobiles. This process started in 2011.
Recall Fiat company began its history back in 1899 (Società Anonima Fabbrica Italiana di Automobili Torino).
Fiat Chrysler Automobiles is technically headquartered in London, England. However, most of the actual work is done at Chrysler's headquarters in Auburn Hills, Michigan, USA, and Fiat's headquarters in Turin, Italy.
The FCA Alliance manages:
Chrysler
Dodge
Jeep
Ram
fiat
Alfa Romeo
Fiat Professional
Lancia
Maserati
Tata Motors is headquartered in Mumbai, India.
Tata operates the following companies:
Tata
Land Rover
Jaguar
Tata Daewoo (Production of commercial vehicles)
Toyota Group
The automotive division of Toyoy Automatic Loom Works entered the automotive market in 1935 with the launch of the G1 pickup truck. Then in 1937 automotive division was allocated in a separate company motor company. First Toyota car became the GA truck, which replaced the old Toyota model G1.
Toyota is headquartered in Toyota City, Japan.
Toyota Group owns:
Toyota
Lexus
Hino (Production of commercial vehicles)
Daihatsu
Volkswagen Group
The roots go back to the days of Nazi Germany, when the country sought to create a "people's machine" to mobilize the population. By the way, before the start of World War II, Volkswagen was able to produce the first batch of such cars. But then the plant switched to the production of military vehicles. Post-war production people's car"continued. It was the legendary "Beetle" ( Volkswagen Beetle). As a result, 21 million cars were produced.
Volkswagen headquarters is located in Wolfsburg, Germany.
At present Volkswagen Group controls:
Volkswagen
Audi
Bentley
Bugatti
Lamborghini
Porsche
SEAT
Skoda
MAN (Production of heavy trucks)
Scania (Another company that produces heavy trucks and trucks)
Volkswagen Commercial (Manufacture of commercial vehicles: minivans, minibuses, vans)
Ducati (Motorcycle manufacturing)
Zhejiang Geely
Li Shufu founded Zhejiang Geely Holding Group in 1986. In 1997, he created Geely Automobile. Despite the fact that this is a fairly young car company, the concern owns several large car holdings through smart acquisitions.
Zhejiang Geely is headquartered in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
The company controls the following brands:
Geely Auto
Volvo
lotus
Proton (Malaysia)
London EV Company (Production of taxi cars for London)
Polestar (Manufacture of electric vehicles)
Lynk & Co (Premium brand focused on the production of expensive electric cars)
Yuan Cheng Auto (Manufacture of commercial vehicles)
Terrafugia (Flying car manufacturing)
Recent investments make Geely largest shareholder of Volvo AB, which manufactures commercial vehicles and is responsible for brands and Renault Trucks(production Volvo trucks and Renault).
The main production of which is located in America. It produces not only cars (Mercury, Ford, Lincoln), but also trucks and various agricultural machinery.
The history of Ford is unequivocally connected with its discoverer, director and simply brilliant man Henry Ford.
The stage of the company's birth from 1900 to 1920
The location of the company is a small factory specializing in the production of carriages. One of the first significant achievements of Henry Ford is a sidecar for carrying passengers, called "Model A". Her work was carried out at the expense of, the power of which was eight horsepower.
The car was considered the most perfect of all present on the market. The ease of its control attracted even the most demanding gentlemen. For the next five years, Henry Ford was engaged in a constant increase in the production of this type of transport. This served as a significant impetus. Wheelchair models are constantly being upgraded and improved. However, many of them have not gone beyond the experimental level.
Henry Ford's company made a huge breakthrough in 1911. The newly created by the brilliant designer car "Iron Lizzy" became available to a huge number of the population. The second name of the car is "Model T". In the auto industry, such a modification enjoyed a special and. The price component for the "Model T" fluctuated within two hundred and sixty dollars. Approximately 11,000 pieces of equipment were sold during the year.
Mass production of cars begins precisely after the appearance of the Iron Lizzy on the car market, and the demand for personal vehicles began to gain incredible momentum.
In parallel with the production of a well-known model, some are being developed. Among them are ambulances, pickup trucks, small buses and vehicles for the transport of goods.
In order to meet significant consumer demand, Henry Ford for the first time switched to assembly line production. At the same time, the work of each participant in the process has a narrow focus, forces are not scattered to perform several phases of the process at once. The moving conveyor has literally revolutionized the automotive industry..
Second stage of development from 1920 to 1940
The rhythm of people's lives was constantly increasing, as was the production capacity of the company. Developers worked day and night on new inventions that would meet all the requirements of the population.
1932 was marked by the release of a monolithic eight-cylinder V-shaped power unit. The Ford company became a pioneer in the creation of such equipment. with this engine for a long time were a priority for a huge number of Americans.
On the video - the history of the Ford brand:
Two years later, the modified power unit appeared on many trucks.
In the same period, buyers begin to think about the safety of the car. This question becomes relevant for Henry Ford. The company's factories begin to produce safety glasses. The risks of harm to the human body are constantly minimised. A large part of the company's policy is based on ensuring safety for both the driver and passengers.
People's love for the Ford brand is growing exorbitantly. Cars occupy their cell in America, as well as in Russia and Europe. are considered truly popular.
The period from the forties to the sixties
In the early forties, the company put all its strength and power into the creation of specialized military equipment. The production of civilian vehicles was temporarily suspended.
During the period of hostilities, the Ford plant produced 57,000 aircraft engines, 86,000 B-24 Liberator bombers, and 250,000 tanks.
In 1945, Henry Ford, after long and fruitful years, retires. He transfers all his rights to his grandson Henry Ford Jr. In 1947, the founder famous company dies on his own estate. At that time he was 83 years old.
However, the company under the leadership of the grandson is still thriving. was introduced in 1949 at the New York Auto Show. She had a number of features:
- independent front suspension;
- smooth side panels;
- rear side windows that can be opened.
The standard of future automotive design was the integration of fenders and bodywork. The sale of these cars was a huge breakthrough in the life of the company. The volume of units sold exceeded .
The company's profits began to rise at an accelerated pace. Accordingly, production capacities began to expand: new factories, laboratories, test sites appear.
The company is taking root in the financial business, studying the features of insurance. Expands its activities in the fields of electronics and space technology. To date, the shareholders of Ford Corporation are 700 thousand people..
Period from 1960 to 1980
The main direction of the corporation in the sixties was youth. Production is dominated by available sports cars with a modern and creative design.
Period since 1980
During this period, the competitiveness of other manufacturers increases significantly. In order to stay afloat, the corporation begins to practice the introduction of the latest technologies not only in cars, but also in other industrial areas.
The main goal of designers is to create a world leader for the executive class. The middle price segment also did not go unnoticed.
To demonstrate all its capabilities, Ford produces two models: the Mercury Sable and the Ford Taurus. Every detail in the cars is absolutely perfect. As a result, the Taurus became the 1986 car of the year. In the late eighties, both cars underwent crushing. All of America was kneeling before them.
The subsequent innovative models were the Ford Mondeo and the globally restyled Mustang. Galaxy minivans and F-series pickups appeared in Europe.
The main credo of the company is: "While reducing production costs, strive for continuous improvement of our products."
In our time, the Ford brand has earned recognition around the world. More than seventy are produced by factories. Among them are the most famous: Lincoln, Ford, Jaguar, Aston Martin.
The Ford company, in addition to its own numerous productions, has a significant number of shares in the Kia Motors Corporation and Mazda Motor Corporation.
The leaders of the American company do not stop there and are constantly working to improve their capabilities.
