January 29, 1932 on Gorky Automobile Plant rolled off the assembly line the first truck GAZ-AA, the legendary "one and a half". He became one of the first legendary Soviet trucks that our country can be proud of. Many of these cars are still driving on the streets of Russia.
The first ten copies of the AMO-F-15 took part in a demonstration on Red Square, timed to coincide with the anniversary of the Revolution. And three of them a few days later were sent to a test rally along Russian off-road. Trucks during this long race showed themselves from the best side, so the plant began their mass production. In total, in the period from 1924 to 1931, 6285 copies of the AMO rolled off the assembly line.
GAZ-AA - the legendary "one and a half"
This car got its nickname "lorry" (and also "polundra") due to the load capacity of 1.5 tons, for which this truck was designed. Initially, GAZ-AA was created on the basis of ford car Model AA, but then upgraded several times, eventually becoming an independent vehicle.
GAZ-AA was produced from 1932 to 1950, eventually becoming one of the most massive trucks in the history of the USSR (985 thousand copies). The finest hour of the "lorry" fell on the times of the Second World War - this unpretentious, simple, but reliable truck became the main "horse" of the Red Army. Including, and during the breakthrough of the Siege of Leningrad, when relatively light "gaziki" in large quantities carried food to the besieged city on the ice of Lake Ladoga.
ZiS-5 - three-ton
Another legendary participant in the Great Patriotic War was the ZiS-5 truck (aka "three-ton", aka "Zakhar", aka "Zakhar Ivanovich").
Serial production of the ZiS-5 began in 1933. In fact, this truck became the heir to AMO-3. It was assembled entirely from domestic components, and during the war its design was simplified as much as possible - in harsh years, quantity was more important than quality. By the way, the legendary Katyusha was also created on the basis of this truck, albeit a slightly modernized one (officially called the ZiS-6).
GAZ-51 - a truck for virgin soil
The first copy of the GAZ-51 truck was created and shown to the public back in 1940, but the war prevented him mass production. So serial production began only in 1946, when the country needed equipment for post-war reconstruction.
Having become the most massive truck in the country in the fifties, the GAZ-51 was actively used in the development of virgin lands - untouched fertile steppes in the north of Kazakhstan. For the participants of this "great campaign", he became one of the symbols new era, the growth of the economic power of the USSR in those years.
Good design and enough low price turned the GAZ-51 into an export product, which Soviet Union delivered abroad. Moreover, not only to the countries of the Eastern bloc, but also to the capitalist states.
ZiS-150 - a successful "clone" of the American truck
Externally domestic truck ZiS-150 is very similar to american car International Harvester K-7, however, it cannot be considered a "clone". In fact, this car had only an American cabin - during the war, Soviet representatives were able to agree with the United States on the supply of body stamping presses. The technical basis of the novelty is local development and production.
At first, the body of the ZiS-150 was made partially of wood - the country devastated by the war did not have enough metal. However, over time, this shortcoming was corrected. The truck was produced between 1947 and 1957. A total of 771,883 units of this car were produced.
ZIL-130 - universal truck
ZIL-130 is probably the most versatile truck domestic production. On the basis of this machine, over its half-century history, not only trucks, but also dump trucks, tractors, fire trucks and snowplows, garbage trucks, etc. were created. The secret of this versatility is a successful design that allows you to change the purpose vehicle without changing it technical part, relatively small cost production and reliability, allowing the truck to operate for decades.
Trucks are still produced on the ZIL-130 chassis. True, now they are called AMUR. However, hundreds of thousands of ZILs Soviet-made still drive on the roads of Russia and other countries. In total, more than three million copies of this truck were produced.
GAZ-66 - cargo SUV
GAZ-66 was created to travel on the most extreme conditions where no other vehicle can pass. Four driven wheels allow the car to drive over dirt, rough terrain, rocks, rocks and other nasty surfaces. This is the reason why the GAZ-66 has become almost the main army truck.
What's the Soviet and Russian army! Even Jean-Claude Van Damme's character in the action movie The Expendables 2 drove a GAZ-66! Isn't that a real worldwide recognition?
Ural-375 - six-axle SUV
Ural-375 is another four-wheel drive truck that was massively used not only for civilian, but also for military needs. Three driving axles and huge wheels, as well as large load capacity allowed to carry it on the most bad roads and in the absence of these, not only people and goods, but even systems salvo fire"Grad". However, significant technical shortcomings, for example, unreliable, but costly Gas engine, as well as problems in brake system led to the fact that the Ministry of Defense already in 1982 began to replace this truck with the Ural-4320.
In the civilian sector, the Ural-375 truck, produced until 1992, is still used in the oil and geological exploration industries.
KrAZ-255 - Ukrainian hero
KrAZ-255 is a true legend of the Ukrainian and Soviet automotive industry. During its existence (since 1967), it received from the people, probably, more nicknames than any other domestic car, for example, “lappet”, “bast shoes” and even “moon rover”. There are legends about the traction power and ubiquitous cross-country ability of this truck. It is believed that this car can pull seven wagons loaded with coal straight along the sleepers.
More interesting fact – individual models KrAZ-255 can be refueled not only with gasoline, but also with kerosene. Partly because of this, it was used as a tractor on airfields. However, being a driver on this truck is a real torment (which is only the lack of power steering!). No wonder another of his nicknames is "cannibal".
In principle, to call "the main Soviet truck"You can make the KamAZ brand itself as such! After all, since the mid-seventies, it was these vehicles that took over a significant part of civilian cargo transportation in the country. And the first model produced by the plant in Naberezhnye Chelny in 1976 was the KamAZ-5320.
KamAZ-5320 did not have a berth in the cab, which later became a signature element of this brand, but it was reliable and powerful truck. In subsequent models, such a constructive addition appeared, which turned the truck not just into a car, but into a real motor home.
Fully completed version of the mod for DLC "Industry". Added downloads for new products. I added pictures at the end of the feed (you can see what was added from the visual uploads). In this variant, trucks carry all cargo in the game (all cargo is fully animated). Those who use the New Industry mod: sell all available cars (Urals and UAZs), save the game, deactivate the mod in the game mod manager, exit the game, delete the old mod, install the Truck_Ural375_Industry_DLC_1 mod, continue playing with full spectrum cargo. This will be our third link from the top.
The second link from the top is a simple version of the mod, but tailored for the PostMod mail mod. In my opinion, it is in the mail version that it is much more interesting than the mail branch in the Industry. And he, by the way (mod), is fully compatible with the Industry. The only thing is that our mail truck pack won't work with this mod... it needs a little tweaking. I have a pack of our postal equipment, the trucks in which are adapted for PostMod. I also have PostMod myself. I thoroughly translated it, corrected small jambs. It works great, but to put it here - you need to ask the author for permission. If you are interested, we will move this question forward.
All model 4320 Urals have been available in the game since 1977.
Simple Version
Version for PostMod mod
Industry DLC version
Separate asset UAZ "Safari"
Note!!! The mod for "Industry DLC" is not suitable for the mod "New industry" because in the "Industry DLC" there are many more cargo than in the "New Industry", which means that if you install the "Ural for the Industry DLC" mod, having only the "New Industry" mod in your game, the game will crash, because the mod will request in the game the goods that are in she is not.
Installation:
you don't need to delete anything. Roll on top ( new version to the old one ... if you update the mod, and do not install it again), we agree to replace the files, we go to the garage to buy new cars. Third link from the top.
Screenshots of update version 1.4
Screenshots of version 1.5 update.
Ural 4320 (apparently the last one for this mod):
Version 1.6 update
Bugs and minor bugs have been fixed in all three versions of the mod. Two vehicles of the 4320 model were added to the DLC industry and the PostMod version: a flatbed postman with a tarpaulin, and a truck tractor with a healthy tank. In the simple version, only the tractor was added. This time, before installing the final version, you need to remove the old mod (having sold all the trucks and UAZ-iki before that ... so that the save game does not break).
Screenshots of version 1.6:
And one more thing: UAZ-iki that drive down the street instead of Trabants will now have all sorts of different colors (in all versions of the mod).
Version 1.7 update
In addition to the modern trailer from version 1.6, the same (modern) container semi-trailer was added, plus the files for these two modern trailers were adjusted in such a way that the trailer became much smoother to enter them when cornering, and besides, the front the wheels of the car began to turn quite adequately (without fanaticism, which is that the wheels became almost across the road ... on very sharp turns).
If you are upgrading from version 1.6, you do not need to delete anything. Just roll the new version onto the old one, agreeing to replace the files. If you are upgrading from an earlier version, then you must first remove old version fashion, and only then put this one.
Screenshots of version 1.7
The car was designed by the small Wisconsin company Thomas B. Jeffery Company, founded by Thomas Jeffery in 1902. This was Jeffery's second factory, having founded the Rambler brand five years earlier. True, Thomas himself died in 1910, and at the time of the creation of the Quad model, his son Charles led the company.
Charles began the development of an all-wheel drive truck in 1912 and produced the first small batch in 1913. The machine did not promise to be revolutionary, although it had at least one innovation that had not previously been used in automotive industry — rear wheels they turned when the steering wheel moved, that is, not only the drive, but also the control went to all four wheels. But then came I World War. Although the US entered it relatively late, Charles saw a gold mine from the early days of fighting in Europe. 
To France Jeffery Quad delivered in thousands - they became one of the most common trucks of World War I. First of all, this was due to the fact that the Quad turned out to be exceptionally passable with a high carrying capacity, it could take on board 1.8 tons of cargo. Seeing the success of the truck in Europe, Quad began to order and American armed forces- in particular, the Corps marines United States, and later personally by General John Pershing for a number of units. On the wave of success based on the truck, the company developed a very successful armored car. The first example, Jeffery Armored Car No.1, was personally driven by Pershing on the 1916 Mexican Expedition against Pancho Villa. 
But chance intervened. On May 7, 1915, the German submarine U-20 successfully torpedoed the British passenger liner Lusitania. One of the passengers was Charles Jeffery. He survived, escaping on one of the boats, but received severe psychological trauma and practically retired from the company. In late 1916, Jeffery decided that he would never have anything to do with the war - and sold the prosperous firm to another automobile magnate - Charles Nash, who had just left GM and organized own business. famous model was renamed Nash Quad. 
Quad was produced almost unchanged until 1928 and was released in the amount of 41674 copies. All this time, a 29-horsepower Buda Engine Co engine was installed on it. with a volume of 4.87 liters. The car was the first ever production model with four steerable wheels and one of the most successful - with four leading ones. 
In the early 80s, the agricultural sector of the USSR demanded from industry a multifunctional all-wheel drive truck that could equally well transport agricultural products directly from the field to warehouses, as well as from the village to processing enterprises. Moreover, the terms of reference talked about the special suitability of the truck to work in tandem with agricultural machines - tractors, combines - directly in the field. That is, it was necessary technology car with off-road and asphalt capabilities. NAMI engineers together with specialists from Kutaisi car factory in 1982, they developed the KAZ-4540 dump truck, which was put into production two years later. The car was really new, original and - unconventionally for the Soviet industry - had a very low percentage of unification with the already produced serial equipment.
The alleged competitor of Colchis could be the British universal Bedford TM 4-4 of 1981, which was created for the armies of the NATO countries, but could do everything the same as our agricultural dump truck.
KAZ-4540
Outwardly, the cars are quite similar: the same flat "licked" cabover cabs, round headlights in the bumper, single tires with off-road tread and large ground clearance. Visually, due to the narrow cab with a smaller glass area, the foreign car seems taller, although our virtual competitors are almost the same in height. The carrying capacity of Colchis according to the passport was 6 tons. KAZ-4540 was mainly equipped with a dump body with three-way unloading, but in small batches at the factory, and after that, in artisanal conditions, various specialized equipment was installed on its chassis. Bedford TM most often served as the carrier special installations or a evacuator of light armored vehicles and other trucks and was capable of carrying loads weighing 6.5–8 tons (depending on the version).
There is not much to say about the interior of the compared trucks. And in our KAZ, and in the "British" torpedo, steering wheel And door cards made of "oak" plastic, round large appliances are simple and informative, the control of many functions is “delegated” to unified rectangular switches, and the two-seat cabs of both machines did not receive sleeping places - after all, they are designed for movement along local routes.
BedfordTM
The all-wheel drive KAZ-4540 was equipped with an eight-cylinder diesel engine production, the power of which was 160 hp. power unit was not located strictly under the cab, but with a slight offset towards the body. Paired with a diesel engine, an eight-speed manual gearbox, combined with a single-stage transfer case, worked. Interestingly, to simplify maintenance, the box is connected to the engine not rigidly, but through an intermediate cardan shaft. A specially designed gearbox allows the truck to move for a long time on arable land parallel to the combine with minimum speed 2 km/h Of the off-road “gadgets”, the dump truck could boast of locking the cross-axle differential of the rear axle.
An 8.2-liter turbodiesel with 206 hp was hidden under the Bedford's cab. in combination with a six-speed manual transmission, a "razdatka" was placed behind the box. The suspensions of the machines are structurally the same - on four longitudinal springs. Due to the poor off-road patency and the low reliability of NATO engines, they abandoned british cars by the end of the 80s.
KAZ-4540
GAZ-4301 - Renault Midliner S100
Since the 1960s, the creators have followed two paths to the creation of medium-duty delivery trucks - either the American one, with a bonnet layout, or the European one, with a cab above the engine. In the USSR, the bonnet layout was always preferred, and the new GAZ-4301 of 1984, which replaced the GAZ-53, became the same. In the same years in Europe Renault together with Saviem, Volvo, DAF, and Magirus-Deutz, having created the "Club of Four", they cooperated and by 1980-81 they had designed a single universal model, which in the "modern" version was called the Renault Midliner S100.
new truck from Gorky, designers designed in the same style with the more load-bearing ZIL-169: the GAZ-4301 is related to it by a square radiator grille, headlights in angular wings and a front end tapering towards the nose. The cabover Midliner also has an angular cabin, an unpainted plastic grille, but overall looks more modern, as it turned out to be similar to cabover cars from the 90s and early zero.
GAZ-4301
At first glance, the interiors of the compared cars look similar. They are related by cheap rough plastic, simple round instruments, a whole panel of lamp indicators, air vents and a roomy glove box. But a closer look shows that the foreign car offers more comfort to the driver. Its steering wheel is soft, and not made of hard plastic, the gearshift lever is located closer to the driver’s workplace, the seats have armrests, there is regular place for radio and audio preparation. Behind additional fee Renault could be purchased with an extended sleeper cab. GAZ-4301 with a seat for the driver's rest was not mass-produced.
The GAZon was equipped with a 6.2-liter GAZ-542 six-cylinder diesel engine with a capacity of 142 hp. With air-cooled, which was a universal solution for a country with big amount climatic zones. The motor was a licensed copy of the Deutz unit, and its resource before overhaul was calculated at the level of 300 thousand km. five-speed mechanical box transmissions were developed on their own. In order to seamlessly use the truck paired with agricultural machines at ultra-low speeds gear ratio first gear made big. The drive was traditionally on the rear axle.
Renault Midliner S
The base for the Renault Midliner was a 5.4-liter in-line diesel "six" water-cooled with a capacity of 150 hp. Together with her worked five-band manual transmission developed by ZF Friedrichshafen. The springs cope with the loads and bumps on the four wheels of both trucks. Despite their versatility, gases were more often used in countryside, and Renault worked more in cities between warehouses and enterprises.
MAZ-5432 - Mercedes-Benz NG 80
Trunk tractors with a high level of comfort for the driver until the early 80s in the Soviet Union were absent as a class. It was not in vain that the USSR purchased foreign-made tractors for flights to Western Europe. But in 1981 the situation changed: the release of truck tractor MAZ-5432. A year earlier, Mercedes-Benz updated the family of its New Generation long-range vehicles, which received the NG 80 index.
MAZ-5432
firstborn fourth generation tractors of the Minsk Automobile Plant received dramatically new design- Definitely on the same level foreign analogues. In general, these two machines are outwardly similar, but each has small character traits. So, MAZ stands out thanks to the high positioned along the edges of the cab parking lights and direction indicators. You can’t confuse a Mercedes with anything because of the wedge-shaped front panel of the cab, the shape of which is caused by efforts to improve the streamlining of the car. For the convenience of getting inside the cabin of both machines, they were equipped with wide steps and handles on the sides of the cabin. Weight Limit semi-trailer for MAZ was 21 tons, and Mercedes-Benz - 15.5-16 tons, depending on the version.
Mercedes-Benz NG80
The "German", of course, offered his crew even more various "chips", ranging from air conditioning and berths with fall protection in the form of nets to electric windows. Nevertheless, MAZ was also quite cool - oh his high level equipment and performance is evidenced by the fact that he became the first domestic car, which has passed homologation tests at a research center near the capital of France and was approved for use on all roads in Europe.
Mercedes-Benz NG80
The Minsk tractor was equipped with a modernized 12-cylinder YaMZ-238M2 diesel engine with a volume of 14.86 liters and a power of 280 hp. Designed for him eight-speed mechanical transmission, equipped with a demultiplier, made it possible to significantly reduce the appetite of the truck, so that a loaded car could travel about 1,000 km on one full tank. On german cars installed several eight-cylinder diesel engines power from 280 to 375 hp Max speed tractor from Minsk was equal to 85 km / h, while the "Mers" with the most modest engine could accelerate to 110 km / h. Both cars had power steering, pneumatic brakes with an amplifier, but in addition, a foreign car could be equipped for a surcharge anti-lock braking system brakes. MAZs were equipped with leaf spring suspension of all wheels, and on the Mercedes-Benz NG 80 it could be different: cheap versions were also equipped with good old springs, but on rich trim levels pneumatic cylinders were installed on all wheels.
MAZ-5432
Epilogue
Concluding a series of materials on the comparison of domestic and foreign cars from the 80s, it should be noted that most of them lived a successful conveyor life, and some designs after deep modernization produced to this day. But for a number of Soviet automobile plants, it was this successful decade that became the swan song. After that, due to political upheavals, our auto industry began a steep downward spiral, and only the strongest came out of it.
