When you need to change gears in a car. How to Ride a Mechanic: Ten Easy Steps

Today there are cars with automatic transmission gear shifting, and with mechanical.

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Moreover, boxes with “mechanics” are much more difficult to manage due to the peculiarities of the gearshift process.

There is not only a standard algorithm for switching on speeds, but also certain nuances. It is necessary to comply with them.

Since this is the key to the "health" of the entire car (engine, gearbox and other systems), as well as the safety of the driver himself, his passengers.

Proper shifting of gearbox speeds allows you to avoid a lot of trouble. It is especially important to properly this procedure if there is a sharp turn.

It is precisely because of the complexity that relatively recently they began to divide the categories of driving in cars with manual transmission and automatic transmission.

What you need to know

Today, a manual transmission is used somewhat more often than an automatic one - despite certain difficulties in using this device.

The main reason for this is its relative cheapness, as well as ease of repair.

The installation of such a box is practiced not only on budget models cars, but also expensive ones.

Often, the consumption of gasoline with skillful gear shifting of a manual transmission is much less than when using an automatic transmission.

Moreover, enough a large number of car owners feel more comfortable precisely because of driving a car with a manual transmission.

It is worth familiarizing yourself with all the nuances associated with the use of a manual gearbox in advance.

On this moment The main questions to be considered in advance are the following:

• necessary terms;
• main functions.

Required terms

There are a number of terms that you will need to carefully read before using a manual transmission.

Since there are a number of actions that are indicated accordingly. The gearshift pattern may vary slightly on different vehicles.

The main concepts that you will need to familiarize yourself with in advance include:

• manual transmission;
• automatic transmission;
• downshift;
• overdrive;
• nominal speed;
• clutch.

Today to signify various types gearboxes for shifting gears, changing the speed of movement and gear ratios, there are special abbreviations.

They are applied to various technical documentation, as well as during training. Manual transmission "stands for" as a manual gearbox.

The reason for this designation is precisely the principle of changing gear ratios. This is done by moving the lever located in the cabin.

automatic transmission	A special device, thanks to which the process of gear shifting is carried out without using the clutch. It will be enough just to press the gas pedal. In accordance with the load that is transmitted to the engine by the wheels, the rotation speed changes. crankshaft engine. There are many different nuances associated with the operation of automatic transmissions, as well as the direct appearance of such boxes. It is best to deal with all of them in advance.
"Low Gear"	A speed that is one step less than the current one. Usually the transition to downshift occurs when a significant load is placed on the engine. “Upshift” is the speed to which the shift takes place when the load on the engine is reduced. It is very important to choose the right gear for engaging speeds. Otherwise, certain interruptions in the operation of the engine may occur.
"Rated RPM"	The engine speed at which the engine runs smoothly, not "in tightness", interruptions do not occur. To shift gears to mechanical box it will be necessary to select the appropriate revolutions. And on different cars, and different boxes they are somewhat different. This process requires the presence of certain skills and abilities. Inexperienced drivers are guided by the tachometer. The rest are guided by the sound of the engine
"Clutch"	An integral part of the vehicle transmission, which is designed to connect or disconnect the internal combustion engine with a gearbox. An important feature and the difference between a manual transmission is the need to use the clutch to shift gears. There are many different types of the type of device in question. But they all work without exception on the same principle.

Main functions

Before you figure out how to smoothly shift gears on the mechanics, you will definitely need to familiarize yourself with the basic functions of the box itself.

At the moment, the node in question performs the following tasks in a modern car:

• changes in wheel speed;
• changes in the amount of torque on the engine;
• extension of the term continuous work engine;
• optimization of fuel consumption in various modes.

Moreover, the use of this type boxes are practiced specifically on engines internal combustion various types. Since such mechanisms usually have low adaptability.

That is why to change the speed of movement within a significant range, the use of a gearbox is mandatory.

At the same time, steam and electric engines have high rate hyperbolic, parabolic characteristics.

To put it simply, a manual gearbox is used to control the speed of the car, as well as to select the optimal speed.

This must be done taking into account the road regime. For example, when going uphill, downshifting is commonly used.

Skillful use of a manual transmission allows you to minimize the amount of fuel consumed.

Therefore, not only in order to comply with safety regulations, but also in order to reduce the cost of gasoline, it is necessary to figure out how to shift gears on the mechanics when turning, as well as in other cases.

There is a fairly large number different features. All of them should be followed as far as possible.

What is the best way to shift gears on the mechanics

To figure out how best to shift gears on the mechanics up and down is a simple example.

Many drivers learned on the old boxes that were installed in the VAZ 2110 and similar. The principle of operation has not changed much over time.

The main issues to consider in advance before proceeding with the switch are the following:

• movement from a place;
• to the highest gear;
• to low gear;
• when overtaking;
• during emergency braking.

Movement from a place

Usually, when learning, moving from a place is one of the most difficult stages. The start-up algorithm is standard regardless of the type of vehicle equipped with a manual gearbox.

At the moment, this algorithm includes the following main steps:

In the starting position	Must be installed neutral gear and handbrake installed.
The key is turning	In the ignition switch or the electric start button is pressed
Left foot to the end must squeeze the clutch	Right click on the brake
Turn on the first speed	—
Removing the car from the handbrake	—
Very slowly we begin to release the clutch pedal - it is important not to miss the moment of its “grasping”	It will be possible to control the process using a special tachometer
Next, slowly move your foot from the brake pedal to the gas	Slowly add momentum

If there is a jerk, then the clutch is released too soon or the pressure on the gas pedal was too smooth. Often "experienced" drivers overexpose the clutch.

This can be understood from the specific burning smell inside the car interior. This practice should be avoided, as this can seriously damage your vehicle.

To top gear

Usually the process of switching to overdrive is not a big deal. But at the same time, there is a special algorithm for implementing such a procedure.

This process should be carried out directly if it is required to increase the speed of the vehicle.

Algorithm for switching to more high gear is carried out as follows:

The automatism of shifting gears in this way comes with time, with experience. Until this time, it is best to control the switching using a tachometer.

Each engine has optimal speed, at which it will be necessary to switch.

To low gear

Normally, downshifting is more difficult than upshifting. Especially if a similar procedure is carried out directly at the entrance to the turn.

This process looks like this:

• the right or left hand (depending on the location of the steering wheel) is placed on the gear lever;
• press the gas pedal a little, after which the pedal is squeezed to the limit;
• then the gear lever is moved to the desired position;
• the clutch must be released as smoothly as possible;
• hand returns to the steering wheel.

If necessary, it is possible to use both the gas pedal and the brake pedal - depending on road conditions, as well as other circumstances.

It is necessary to take into account all the circumstances of the movement of the vehicle. This is the only way to avoid a variety of difficulties, as well as damage to the clutch, gearbox.

When overtaking

Overtaking is one of the most difficult elements of driving on the road. It will be necessary in without fail move at the required speed.

In this case, there are a number of circumstances in accordance with which it will be necessary to carry out switching.

In the event of overtaking, there is usually a shift to a higher gear. Moreover, the standard algorithm for implementing this action is used.

It is only important to consider the following points:

• select the appropriate speed for switching speed;
• observe the speed limit;
• avoid power losses - this will avoid difficulties during overtaking.

During emergency braking

Sometimes circumstances arise in which emergency braking is required. For example, an accident, the occurrence of unexpected obstacles on the road, etc.

The main condition for such braking is the need not to turn off the speed. Since in order to maneuver in such conditions, it will be necessary to connect the engine to the gearbox.

Otherwise, when trying to pick up speed, the driver may simply not have time to turn on the necessary gear for this.

Therefore, the best solution in this case is a quick downshift. Thus, it will be possible to reduce the likelihood of an accident to the very minimum.

Switch Secrets

The process of shifting gears has a large number of very different nuances. It is best to deal with all of them in advance. This will avoid many problems and difficulties.

Key questions to consider in advance include:

• without jerks;
• how to learn quickly;
• without clutch.

No jerks

Often, beginners who do not have sufficient driving experience have difficulty with smooth starting and gear shifting.

Jerks occur, the engine may start to run unevenly. This can be corrected only through a lot of training.

It will be necessary to choose a flat surface on which to work out the process of starting the movement many times.

Typically, jerking problems occur when the engine does not receive enough power.

That is why in most cases the problems are solved by a banal increase in speed. You can track them on the tachometer.

With experience, the driver will be able, even in the absence of such, according to the sensations from the operation of the engine, to select the desired effort by pressing the gas pedal.

How to learn fast

Learning rate smooth switching transmission depends on many factors. First of all, these are the innate abilities of the driver himself to drive vehicles.

Also an important factor is the type of car, as well as manual transmission. Many modern boxes are equipped with special synchronizers, as well as other devices to reduce the load on the engine, box.

Video: how to shift gears

Accordingly, in vehicles that are equipped with such devices, the gear shifting process is greatly simplified.

That is why, if possible, beginners should choose this type of vehicle. This will avoid a variety of difficulties in the process of learning to shift gears on a car.

without clutch

It is also possible to shift gears without using the clutch. With the transmission off, any difficulties usually do not arise.

It is enough just to throw the gas pedal and pull the gearshift lever to the neutral position. The inclusion algorithm looks like this:

• release the gas pedal;
• move the lever to the neutral position;
• turn on the desired transmission;
• after a while, the gear will turn on - when the engine speed reaches the required in a particular case.

It is important to remember that you should not “press” the transmission. This can seriously damage the engine. The sound when shifting gears in this way is quite frightening.

First you need to remember the main principle of gear shifting: when switching from low to high gear or vice versa, you must depress the clutch. In other words, the gearshift lever and the clutch should go in close conjunction, like climbers storming the dangerous traverse of Everest. If you do not follow this rule, then set aside a certain amount of money in advance that you will need to buy new box gears.

What you need to know about gear shifting

It is necessary to take into account the fact that switching techniques different gears differ from each other. Common to them is the scheme "squeeze the clutch - shift gear - release the clutch."

Manual transmission is not as scary as it is drawn

If you are a beginner, then it may be news to you that during a gear change, the car loses speed, turning into a “body” that moves by inertia. It is for this reason that you need to shift gears smoothly, but at the same time quite quickly so as not to slow down the car.

When to change gear

There is an exact calculation of the average speed range of the use of gears, which we will give in the table below.

Naturally, these calculations are schematic, because you need to take into account other factors that can affect the ride. Be that as it may, but this scheme is applicable to unloaded cars that are moving along a road on which there is no resistance whatsoever. If there are, for example, the car is driving on deep snow, viscous sand or climbs a steep slope, then the gear shift should be carried out a little later - that is, above the announced speed limits.

Helpful advice

There is a universal recommendation for choosing one or another gear: the first gear is intended for starting the car from a standstill, the second is used for acceleration, the third allows overtaking, the fourth is suitable for driving in the city, and the fifth - on motorways and expressways.

How gears are shifted

So, to switch gears, you need to perform certain actions:

• with the help of a sharp movement, you need to squeeze the clutch all the way to the floor, while releasing the gas pedal;
• quickly and smoothly turn on the desired gear, first moving the gearshift lever to the neutral position, and then immediately to the gear position;
• we release the clutch pedal, while you can slightly increase the engine speed - this will help compensate for the loss of speed;
• Let go of the clutch all the way and give it a little more gas.

Automatic transmission - for the lazy or those who love global comfort

There are no strict conditions on the account of the gear shift sequence: you can turn them on out of order - from the first to go straight to the third, from the second to jump to the fifth and so on. However, at the same time, more time is spent on acceleration, and the speed will drop significantly.

Mistakes newbies make

Among the most typical mistakes that novice drivers make, it should be noted that they do not work smoothly with the gearshift lever, which is why the car loses speed. In this case, the switching, as a rule, is diffuse and abrupt, which causes damage to some of the gearbox components.

When starting off, beginners often abruptly release the clutch pedal, which causes the car to twitch and the transmission to become unusable.

The seat needs to be properly adjusted.

A typical situation is when a novice, when necessary to switch from second to third gear, says that he is not going to go more than 40 km / h. And who said that an overdrive necessarily implies an increase in speed? On the third, you can safely go no faster than 40 km / h. The thing is that high gears make it possible to go faster, but no one forces you to use this opportunity.

Another point that is typical for novice drivers is the belated inclusion of second gear. In the mind of the “teapot” (sorry for the frankness), the training scheme takes root: first gear, acceleration to 20 km / h, and then switching to second. This does not take into account the fact that this speed is already reached when you release the clutch after starting off. This becomes the reason that novice motorists are late with the inclusion of the second.

Helpful advice

If the vehicle is moving in a stable speed mode, the left foot should in no case "hang" over the clutch pedal. Correct position feet - on the floor, to the left of the clutch. The leg that “hangs” over the pedal gets tired very quickly, and involuntary clutch release may also occur, which is fraught with its destruction. In addition, the driver must have a third point of support in order to avoid such unpleasant moments as reduced steering efficiency and curvature of the spine.

Correct gear shifting

It is important to immediately adjust the seat in order to reach the gearshift lever without tilting the torso. Often, the lever itself is also adjusted for this purpose.

Timely gear shifting and the ability not to overload the engine enable experienced motorists to spend 25% less fuel when driving around the city than novice drivers use.

When shifting gears, it is very important to transfer the left hand, which remains on the steering wheel, from the fifteen to three position to the upper sector of the steering wheel. This will allow, if necessary, to make an emergency maneuver. As for novice drivers, when shifting gears, they quite often experience an involuntary turn of the steering wheel to the left if the hand is not on its upper arc.

And even this will not scare you later

At first, the moment of gear shifting will be prompted by the tachometer, then it will be enough to listen to the engine. Tachometer diesel car should show 1500-2000 rpm, and the crankshaft speed at gasoline cars should be 2000-2500 rpm.

Ease of driving with automatic transmission is achieved due to the loss of other qualities of the car: efficiency, dynamics, precise fulfillment of all the desires of the driver. Therefore, a manual transmission by experienced drivers is still rated higher and is in great demand.

Conventional gear shifts of a mechanical transmission when starting, while driving, braking

The apparent complexity of working with "mechanics" is overcome quite easily - millions of people have learned this. Mastering the intricacies of control teaches a confident driving style, the ability to calculate the traffic situation in advance.

An experienced driver should not think about how to switch correctly. All operations are carried out automatically, at the reflex level. This can be achieved by exercises with the box with the engine off, but the best experience becomes a practical ride:

1. Outwardly, starting off looks simple: you need to squeeze the clutch, put the gearshift lever in first gear, smoothly release the clutch, add gas with the accelerator. With an increase in speed, the operations are repeated with a gradual transition to higher gears.
2. You don't need to switch too often while driving. By choosing optimal transmission(for example, the third), you can move in the stream for a long time. When accelerating, shift gears strictly in order (2,3,4,5).
3. When decelerating, you can, by depressing the clutch, put the gearshift lever in the “neutral” position, release the clutch. When the speed drops to 30 km / h, squeeze the clutch again, shift to second gear.
4. During emergency braking, simultaneously with the brake, the clutch must be fully depressed, turning off the engine. You can move the lever to the neutral position later, but without releasing the clutch.

Video tutorial on the correct starting off on the mechanics

Gear shifting occurs depending on the power take-off, the speed of the vehicle. Experienced drivers determine this moment by the sound of the engine, intuitively, without thinking. Beginners have to focus on the speedometer readings.

• for the second 20 - 40 km / h;
• for the third 40 - 60 km / h;
• for the fourth 60 - 90 km / h;
• for the fifth - above 90 km / h.

In practice, already from the second gear, discrepancies with theory begin. Power modern cars allows you to accelerate at the second speed and up to seventy kilometers per hour. Another issue is that it is very uneconomical. In fifth gear, many drivers prefer to switch from a speed of 110 km / h, instead of the recommended 90. For each car, driving style - the choice of speed for switching is individual. The main rule remains unchanged - the clutch must be squeezed out smoothly, the gears must be switched quickly.

Overtaking shifts

In normal highway driving, gradual gear changes achieve the optimum speed. It is not necessary to reach fifth gear, many drivers are satisfied with driving in lower gears. The appearance of limiting signs, obstacles, slow passing vehicles makes you slow down by braking, gradually shifting into lower gears.

Correct actions when overtaking: having caught up with a passing car, slow down, equalize speeds, get into the desired gear. When sufficient clearance appears, you need to switch to the most dynamic gear (usually third), quickly overtake.

A common rookie mistake is overtaking in the current gear (possible only with a clean oncoming lane), with the sudden appearance of an oncoming car does not give freedom of maneuver. It is also dangerous to switch directly during overtaking - this is available only to experienced drivers who switch instantly.

Gear shifting under engine braking

Engine braking is applied on long steep descents(to save brake system), in case of failure of the brakes, inefficiency of their work (on ice).

The usual actions are simple: you need to release the accelerator, squeeze the clutch, shift to a lower gear, smoothly release the clutch.

The main difficulty is the assessment of the moment of deceleration, subsequent switching (especially in extreme situations). In extreme cases, shifting through two gears is acceptable, although this is considered to destroy the gears. Important at the moment of "pickup", helping to avoid this.

All operations with the gearbox are quite simple, but for correct execution you need to “feel the car”, perform them exactly on time. To perform actions intelligently, you need to know the principles of the operation of a manual transmission.

Introduction to the gearbox

Most practical drivers have never seen it open, they do not represent the complexity of the mechanism. For proper driving this is not necessary. It is enough to know that the complex gear system of the gearbox transmits the rotation of the shaft car engine on the axle of the wheels, providing movement. From the diameter of the transmission gears, the number of teeth, gear ratio vehicle speed depends.

In practice, this means that at the same speed of the engine shaft, the car moves with different speed. For example, at three thousand revolutions per minute, a car can travel at a speed of 45 or 105 km/h. To optimize the engine mode, there is a gearbox. In mechanical boxes, the gear shifting process is controlled by the driver, in electronics.

For smooth transition on next broadcasts mechanical boxes are equipped with a clutch. Crankshaft motor rotates continuously, it cannot be stopped for switching. When the clutch pedal is pressed, the gears of the gearbox are separated, when released, they come into tight contact and begin to work.

Practical acquaintance experienced driver with a gearbox of an unfamiliar car, it begins with checking the gearbox strokes. Majority stock cars equipped with a five-speed manual transmission. In fact, there are six gears (the classification does not take into account reverse). Old models from four-speed gearbox are quite rare, pickup trucks are equipped with six-speed, seven-speed gearboxes, such expensive models like Bugatti Veyron, BMW M5.

Used gearbox imported cars may be with a non-standard gear shift scheme. Most often this applies to the reverse, it can be switched on in the extreme left position (to the left of the second gear), supplied with a special lever (ring), working only when it is raised or pressed. These features should be considered when idle engine, V parked car. To do this, without turning on the engine, squeeze the clutch and try all the gears in turn.

Such familiarization is important for understanding the length of the lever stroke (long or short), the travel of the clutch pedal (although the place where the clutch “grabs” can only be determined in motion).

Any gearbox is individual, especially for used cars. The car owner is well aware of these features, for example, “third gear needs to be pushed harder”, “fourth needs to be pressed to the right edge”. The rule for serviceable gearboxes should be an easy inclusion “to the place” on the first try, the same (without effort) shutdown, no crunch, no grinding of gears.

Newbie mistakes when working with a manual transmission

The main mistakes are adding engine power too early (and vice versa), abrupt release of the clutch, poor synchronization of these processes. Mistakes lead to car jerks, the engine roars or stalls.

Practice helps to catch the moment of "seizing" of the clutch, to determine the desired load on the engine by sound. Too Much Attention to the speedometer readings, looking at the gearbox only interferes with this process.

Control of the correct movement on the tachometer

Tachometer data is most important when choosing economical driving modes. In practice, such control is rarely used. The instrument readings are important during extreme overtaking at low speeds (you need to make sure that the arrow does not go beyond the red line). The optimal economical driving mode is 3000 rpm. To select the gearshift mode using the tachometer, you need to know all the characteristics of the gearbox, this technique is practically not used.

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Beginners, when the car first leaves the road, usually face 2 problems: smooth starting and. In fact, both processes occur in the same way - in both cases, the gearshift lever, gas pedal and clutch are activated. However, these stages have their own nuances. And in order to figure out how to properly switch gears on a car, today we will devote a separate article to this.

At what point in which transmission to include?

First you need to understand at what point you need to switch from to increased. The tachometer, speedometer and, of course, the sound of the engine always help us in this. On the noisiness of the latter we special attention We will not pay attention, but on the readings of arrow scales - just the opposite. The question of when and how to shift gears on a car is really not difficult. If the tachometer needle has left the green scale and slowly begins to turn red, then we switch to an upshift. For convenience, you can use the speedometer. In this case:

Some cars have a sixth gear. In this case, you should focus not only on the speedometer readings, but also on the tachometer needle. The principle is the same: when the value goes beyond the green scale (here you will just feel the characteristic roar of the motor), we turn on the increased speed. And switching from high to low occurs in the same way, only in reverse order. If the speed decreases, and the tachometer needle goes beyond the green scale to idling, then it's time to engage the clutch and shift gears.

How to change speed in a car?

We have already figured out at what point which gears need to be included. Now let's move on to the second aspect - the rules for switching gearboxes. In fact, the question of how to switch speed on a car is also not difficult, you just need to understand the algorithm of actions. And it consists in such stages:

• We release the gas and gently press on the clutch. It is important that switching off the first and pressing the second pedal occurs with a minimum of waiting. In practice, you will catch this moment.
• We translate the gearshift lever according to the diagram drawn at the top of the handle to the desired position. But before changing the speed on the machine, you must first move the handle to the neutral position and after 1 second turn on the desired gear. This is done in order to reduce the load on the transmission gears.
• Then slowly release the clutch and press on the gas a little.
• After you have completely released the clutch, increase the pressure on the right pedal.
• Continue driving until the next gearshift.

At this stage, the question of how to properly switch speed on a car can be considered closed.

And finally little secret: You can switch gearshift modes without following the sequence. That is, when the car braked sharply, it is not necessary to pull the handle from fifth to fourth, then to third and second gears. Feel free to turn on desired speed- the main thing is to be in the green scale.

The manual gearbox is still one of the most popular among all gearboxes. Most motorists prefer this box for the following reasons: ease of repair in case of breakage, high reliability, the ability to control the operation of the machine well.

But beginners do not particularly like this type of gear shifting, because it takes a long time to learn how to drive with this interesting unit. Driving such a car implies participation in the operation of the machine, since the gears will have to be switched on their own and at certain points in time. You will have to constantly squeeze the clutch while driving, think about which gear to turn on, taking into account the load on the engine.

It seems that it's all so complicated, but only at first glance, because there are really a lot of positive aspects in a manual transmission. In this article, we will analyze in detail how to shift gears correctly.

So, in order to drive a car with such a gearbox, you must first learn how to shift these same gears. To upshift, downshift or put in neutral, the clutch must be fully depressed before doing so.

How to properly start a car

If explained in an understandable language, it will turn out like this: the box and the engine are very closely interconnected parts, the clutch makes it possible to disconnect these parts, then the gear is switched and the mechanisms are again smoothly docked.

We will immediately say that there are a huge number of gear shifting techniques, for example, sports equipment. But we will consider in this article standard version: the clutch is depressed, the gear is shifted, the clutch is gradually and slowly released.

Attention!

It must be remembered that at the moment when the clutch is depressed, there is a divergence in the transmission of power from the engine to the wheels. At this time, the car moves solely by inertia. When changing gear, the vehicle speed must be taken into account.

The working process of a car clutch

essence above rule lies in the fact that with an erroneous discrepancy between engine speeds, they will either rapidly increase or rapidly fade away. The latter option is dangerous because at this time traction disappears, and this is unacceptable when overtaking.

When considering 1 case, when the clutch pedal is released quickly, a powerful push of the car can be felt - this happens when a low gear was engaged. In this case, the car may begin to rapidly lose speed, sometimes this can occur as a sharp emergency braking. At this very moment, the box and engine are braked. This method is also used by some motorists to save fuel. But not all people do this, so many have heard of this method as an option for braking when the brakes fail.

Experts who have studied "engine braking" have unanimously concluded that . She leads to rapid wear engine, clutch, as well as other elements of the transmission part. Based on all that has been said, we can immediately come to the following conclusions:

1. Gears must be shifted smoothly.
2. The gear must be selected according to the speed of the machine.
3. You should also take into account other factors, such as descent or ascent, you should also consider what road surface you are moving on.
4. Still, the switch must be carried out quickly in order not to lose traction.

Let's look at when to change gear. We will proceed from the average speed range (the approximate speed and the corresponding gear number will be indicated). A competent ratio for a 5-speed gearbox are:

• 1st gear - 0-20 km/h
• 2nd gear - 20-40 km/h
• 3rd gear - 40-60 km / h
• 4th gear - 60-80 km / h
• 5th gear - 80-100 km / h

Instructions on when to shift the gears of a car on the mechanics

Attention!

All auto mechanics in the world do not recommend engaging 1 gear and driving high speed. If you do this, then soon the checkpoint will begin to noticeably make noise, and then it will completely fail.

Note that all indicators are averaged, and when switching, you must also focus on other factors. For example, you need to take into account the state pavement, Also if the car has a load, you will need to switch a little earlier . If nothing interferes with the driving of the car, then you can use the above switching scheme.

When driving on ice, sand or gravel, it is necessary to shift gears earlier or later (it all depends on certain conditions). For example, if you are going uphill, then the switch should be made a little earlier. And if you're going downhill, you can upshift a little later.

In other words, at any moment we may need to accelerate in a lower gear in order to shift to a higher one. This is done in order to prevent wheel spin, lose traction, reduce fuel consumption, and for other reasons.

If we outline the knowledge of a mechanical box in general, we get the following:

• First gear is needed to start - to move the car from its place.
• The second is required to gain acceleration (sometimes even very rapid acceleration) up to 40-60 km / h.
• Third gear is excellent for overtaking at speeds of 55-80 km/h.
• The fourth gear makes it possible to maintain a constant speed.
• Fifth gear is the most ergonomic in terms of fuel consumption, it allows you to move the car along the highway at a speed of around 100 km / h.

To change gear on the mechanics, you must do the following:

1. Fully release the gas, and at the same time squeeze the clutch to the end (this operation can be done fairly quickly).
2. Further, while squeezing the clutch, evenly, but it is desirable to quickly move the selector knob to the neutral position.
3. Then, from neutral, shift the handle to the desired gear.
4. You can also add a little gas before shifting into gear. Thus, the engine speed will increase, and the gear will be engaged much faster and easier. This feature also makes it possible to compensate for the reduction in speed when switching.
5. When the gear is already engaged, you can gradually fully release the clutch pedal, it is not recommended to do this quickly.
6. It remains only to add gas, and you can already continue to move in the established gear.

The mechanical box has interesting feature, it lies in the fact that speeds can be switched in any sequence, that is, not necessarily 1, 2, 3 ... For example, if you accelerated to 80 km / h in 3rd gear, you can immediately switch to fifth.

If you use the feature described above, then you must take into account the fact that the speed will noticeably decrease. For this reason, further acceleration may not be as fast as it was before. Also, if you downshift, then when you switch through one gear, the speed will increase greatly.

The most common mistake newbies make is playing with the clutch pedal. Since most people have difficulty starting, there are also drivers who incorrectly set the gear, taking into account all external factors.

Also, novice drivers often experience strong jolts and jerks when shifting gears. This could become main reason breakdowns, both of individual parts of the transmission, and of the gearbox itself. In addition, the engine may suffer from such driving. For example, if vehicle will move uphill in 5th gear at a very low revs, That piston pins they begin to knock strongly, this increases the wear of parts, in rare cases the piston may even break.

Pistons often break under such loads, because the detonation process begins in the engine - a spontaneous explosion occurs at low engine speeds fuel-air mixture. From such explosions, pistons can crack, and sometimes even break altogether. If you hear that detonation in the engine occurs, then try to eliminate it as soon as possible. First of all, stop the car, and, most likely, the detonation will stop. In the future, you will need to visit a service station to check the engine for damage.

Attention!

There are times when a novice driver is afraid to upshift, because of this he rapes the first for a long time, and then rides in 2nd and 3rd at a speed of 70-80 km / h. Such actions do not lead to anything good - there is a strong fuel consumption, and huge loads are placed on the engine and transmission.

It is also worth adding that there are quite lazy motorists who do not like to put the selector in the neutral position during a stop. That is, they hold both the clutch pedal and the brake pedal, while the gear itself remains in a certain position. Such a bad habit will lead to very rapid wear of the clutch bearing. Believe me, replacing it will significantly hit your pocket, as the craftsmen will have to disassemble the entire component of the clutch.

Broken release bearing clutch

Some car enthusiasts like to keep their foot on the clutch while driving, they determine this by controlling traction. You don’t need to do this, it is recommended to put your foot on a specially prepared platform next to the pedal. If you periodically put your foot on the clutch pedal, then fatigue will soon appear from this. And this, in turn, will affect the driving and taxiing. To reduce fatigue from unnecessary actions to a minimum, we advise you to correctly adjust the driver's seat. Believe me, this will make driving a car much more convenient and comfortable for you.