Experienced drivers know that the right oil can extend the life of the engine, and the wrong one can significantly reduce it. Trusting an oil change to an unprofessional auto mechanic puts your engine at risk. Even a mistake when choosing oil for a moped, scooter or motorcycle can ruin an engine. To prevent this from happening, it is important to figure out which brand of oil is better to fill in the engine.
Why do you need engine oil
Though engine oil is a consumable lubricant, experts call it the most important detail in the engine. It is difficult to disagree with this statement. The fact is that the quality of the oil affects the smooth operation of the engine and its wear resistance. Many drivers who have tested it on their own know that more expensive oil can help save on engine repairs. But more expensive doesn't always mean better. In the case of motor oils, this statement is also relevant.
What influences the choice of oil
The variety of brands and types of engine oil is due to the fact that each of them is intended for different cars. Some are equipped diesel engines, some petrol. Some are turbocharged, others are not. It is important to take into account the year of manufacture of the car, the mileage and the general condition of the engine. As well as the time of year and operating conditions vehicle.
How often should engine oil be changed
It is generally accepted that for most passenger cars, including domestic Lada(Kalina, Priora, Grant, Largus), oil should be changed every 10,000 km. But in many cases, it is better to change engine oil every 5000-7000 km. Car enthusiasts may say that it is quite expensive. But a simple repair or complete replacement engines are much more expensive.
What oil should not be filled
Unfortunately, motor oils are often counterfeited. For VAZ 2107 or 2110 cars, such experiments are not very scary. But the new engines of Ford, Audi or Mitsubishi will hardly survive such tests. Therefore, it is better to choose oil from well-known manufacturers. Their containers are protected from overflow. So you will be sure that the bottle contains exactly the oil that you need.
It is better to immediately refuse the offers of suspicious auto mechanics to fill in their “special” oil. Since most often it is a low-quality diluted liquid, which is likely to cause more harm to the car.
When choosing an oil, it is better to focus on the price. As practice shows, more expensive options correspond in quality to their cost. But even in the middle price category there is a good motor oil. But suspiciously cheap lubricants are best avoided. Because of them, cars of the Peugeot 406 class often get into auto repair shops.
Myths and reality about motor oil
There are many legends among motorists, for example, that mineral oil can reduce fuel consumption. Or that after 100 thousand mileage, it is imperative to switch to semi-synthetic oil. Some drivers claim that their motor "does not drink" a single gram of oil. Or that it remains bright even after 5000 km. run.
But these statements are not substantiated by anything other than the authoritative word of the driver himself. For example, there is no motor that would exclude oil loss. The principle of operation of any known engine internal combustion implies inevitable loss of lubricated material. The minimum oil consumption simply indicates that it does not leak.
And the myth that the oil does not darken even after several thousand kilometers can also be easily dispelled. Any good engine oil contains special components that help clean lubrication areas. Therefore, after the first hundreds of kilometers driven, the oil begins to darken. If this does not happen, then the liquid is of poor quality, and all the sediment remains on the piston rings, which makes it difficult for the hydraulic compressor to work. Coke accumulations begin to burn over time. This, in turn, leads to burnout of the piston. For example, quite a few Chevrolet Lacetti cars were put out of action this way.
Drivers who claim that mineral oil can cut fuel consumption are not only putting their cars at risk, but also those who believe it. Indeed, mineral oil has a more viscous structure, which can temporarily reduce consumption. But such savings will lead to costly engine repairs or the need for a complete replacement.
Which oil to choose: synthetic, semi-synthetic or mineral
Many experts say that it is better to fill in synthetic or semi-synthetic engine oil in all cars manufactured after the 90th year. Good "synthetics" allows you to reduce the friction force, thereby protecting the engine from overheating; reduce fuel consumption and reduce the amount of coke deposits on the piston walls. Mineral oils are inferior to synthetic ones in these indicators. But their price is much less, so drivers cheap cars prefer minerals.
It should also be added that choosing a cheap synthetic or semi-synthetic engine oil can accelerate engine wear. The fact is that the type of oil does not characterize its quality. Part lubricants includes base oil and impurities, which in turn are responsible for its properties. Engine oil can contain up to 20% impurities. Each of them is responsible for such properties as viscosity, resistance to corrosion and oxidation, ability to be cleaned. The quality of the oil directly depends on the amount of additives and their balance. In this case, "synthetics" and "semi-synthetics" may be inferior to mineral oil. For vehicles like Daewoo Lanos, Sens or Matiz good mineral oil may be the best choice.
A quality product will retain its properties even after 15 thousand kilometers. Therefore, some manufacturers have extended the interval between oil changes. Thus, expensive oil pays for its cost. But this is only on condition that its quality is better than cheaper analogues.
It is useful to have two oil filter changes, one during an oil change and one between cycles. This can significantly extend the life of the engine. Moreover, the quality of filters on domestic market leaves much to be desired.
There is a misconception among drivers that after 100 thousand kilometers of engine run, it must be transferred to a semi-synthetic type of oil. And over time and at all on mineral oil.
To understand why this statement is false, you need to delve a little into history. Since the beginning of the 90s, the engine mechanism has been improved. They are very different from the design of engines produced since the 50s, for example, like Moskvich or Peugeot 402.
Modern motors have a more complex structure maximum amount rpm and use high-octane fuel. All this increases the requirements for the properties of motor oils. Therefore, synthetic oil is best suited for engines from Mercedes, Volkswagen, Honda or Mazda. With proper care, after 100 and 200 thousand kilometers, such engines do not occur cardinal changes, which eliminates the need to switch to other types of oils.
What oil to choose for a diesel engine
Diesel engines are significantly different from gasoline engines in terms of the specifics of operation. Therefore, the properties of oils for them are different. The composition should contain more dispersing and cleaning impurities. The former help to retain soot microparticles, while the latter prevent the formation of soot. It should also be noted that diesel fuel contains a large number of sulfur. To increase the resistance of the fluid to oxidation, the oil must contain an antioxidant additive.
What kind of oil to fill in in winter
The concept of seasonality for motor oils has practically disappeared. The fact is that new lubricants are designed for all year round. So "winter" oil will not necessarily be better in the cold season for the Hyundai Solaris, but "summer" oil in the summer.
Do not forget that Russia is a large and cold country. In some regions, the temperature in winter can drop to extremely low levels. For such cases, there is an oil that retains viscosity even when low temperatures. You can try this engine oil. But if there are no noticeable changes, then you can use the usual all-season brand.
What is the danger of switching to a new oil
Such a seemingly ordinary process as switching to a different type of oil can lead to some unpleasant consequences:
- Changing the usual brand of oil is an additional burden for the motor. Therefore, it is recommended to use one type of oil or from one manufacturer.
- It has been proven that on Toyota 3s and 1zz engines, mixing different types oils can lead to incompatibility, due to which they are lost beneficial features liquids.
10 brands of motor oils popular in Russia
Today you can find a huge number of motor oils from various manufacturers. Some of them have become very popular in Russia, as evidenced by positive reviews. Below is a list of the most popular brands of motor oils in our country.
- Castrol. Castrol, founded in England, has been producing lubricating fluids since the end of the century before last. During this period, the manufactured products managed to establish themselves and become a leader in many countries.
- Shell helix. This is the largest concern in the world. Over a century of history, the company has become a leader on almost all continents.
- total. The brand appeared on the French market on behalf of the president himself, in order to provide drivers with a domestic product. After a few decades, the products have been distributed all over the world and are a huge success.
- G Energy. In the late 2000s, the market of motor oils appeared New Product from Gazpromneft Lubricants. Due to its characteristics, the new engine oil quickly became popular.
- Mobil. The company is issuing lubricating oils for motors, gearboxes and other mechanisms. Except automotive oils the Mobil brand produces fluids for the shipbuilding and aircraft industries.
- Lukoil. This is a product from Russia's largest oil company. Its products are available in over 40 countries.
- Zic. production Zic oils operates the oldest oil refinery in Korea. Thanks to innovative technologies The brand has become popular all over the world.
- xado. At the beginning of its existence, the concern was engaged in the development and production of energy-saving materials. But since the beginning of the 2000s, engine oils have replenished the range.
- Elf. A well-known French brand that has been producing motor oils for over 50 years. During this time, the company has been able to achieve significant results. One of the main achievements is that oils of this brand are used during the Paris-Dakar Rally, which is characterized by extreme conditions engine operation.
- TNK. The name of this company is undoubtedly familiar to all drivers in Russia and Ukraine. Since TNK products can be purchased at one of the 1,500 filling stations operating in the territory of the CIS countries.
- GT Oil. Russian company Gt Oil is distinguished by the quality of its products. In order to make it impossible to fake, the Korean company Hanval incorporation is engaged in the release of packaging.
- Liqui Moly. One of the largest manufacturers of motor oils in the world. The company teaches more than 50% of the entire German market. Oils from Liqui Moly quickly became popular due to the use of molybdenum particles in the composition. That allows you to increase the productivity of the engines.
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Choosing the right engine oil for your car engine
, in which a beginner may well be confused. That's why we've written this little guide to help you choose the right oil for your vehicle.
But the first thing to start with is to check for a quality passport, which indicates that the oil has been tested and meets the requirements of the American Petroleum Institute (API). In addition, the packaging has a special marking of their two symbols.
The latest API service standard is "SL". SL belongs to the category of laboratory and life tests, including the latest methods for testing the formation of high temperature deposits. Markings and certifications may differ from country to country, so check the designation you need before purchasing.
Your third task is to select a viscosity suitable for the temperatures your vehicle is normally used in (check out the operating guidelines). And it's all. Not quite though, as it is much more than a simple theory.
Learn the basic terminology used on labels
These are the labels and stamps you will find on any can of motor oil from a reputable manufacturer. On the API stamp on the right, you will know if the oil meets the current SL rating (C - for diesel engines). It will also inform you of the SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers) viscosity rating and let you know if the oil has passed the energy efficiency test. The asterisk symbol on the left indicates that it is required to receive the SL marking.
This old and popular analogy gives a somewhat inaccurate picture of reality. The blood transports nutrients to the cells, but this role is assigned to the air, which provides the combustion of fuel - "nourishment" - for the motor. However, without oil designed to reduce friction and cool constantly moving parts, . So the oil essential element process of your car.
The roles and influence of oil on key performance indicators are so great that we expect no less than improved engine performance, which can be obtained at a low price, of course.
Now it is necessary to determine those properties of the oil that really have a significant impact on the mechanics of the process.
It sounds quite complicated, so we were given the opportunity to conduct our research at the Valvoline laboratory in Lexington, Kentucky (USA). At the end of the experiment, we had an oil that we thought would be ideal for the upcoming hot weather on a short trip to New York City.
It was our only opportunity to play a self-taught scientist, and the experience we gained gave us enough homemade oil for just one filling. Therefore, the next time we will have to choose from the available assortment - like everyone else. But we think that now our choice will be the most optimal for a short course on the preparation of motor oils from Valvoline CTO Thomas Smith. Here is what we understand.
Viscosity
Viscosity (fluid shear resistance) is evaluated at 0° Fahrenheit (indicated by the number preceding "W" (for winter varieties)) and at 212° Fahrenheit (indicated by the second number in the viscosity designation). Thus, 10W-30 oil has less thickening in cold and hot weather than 20W-50. Engine oil becomes more fluid as it warms up and thickens as it cools.
Thus, with rationally selected additives that allow it to resist the thinning of the working layer, the oil can be designed for one viscosity in the cold and another in the warm season. The more resistant to thinning, the higher the second number (for example, 10W-40 is more stable than 10W-30), and this is good. Thanks to a denser and thicker film formed on the surfaces of moving parts, their maximum protection is provided.
At low temperatures, the oil must be resistant to thickening so as not to impede movement. In addition, if the oil is too thick, the engine spends more energy to rotate the crankshaft, which is located in the oil pan. partly immersed in grease. Excessive viscosity can make it difficult to start the engine and worsen fuel economy.
5W oil is generally recommended for winter applications. Nevertheless, synthetic oils can be blended to have increased fluidity when cooled so they can pass tests that meet the 0W rating.
The oil heats up while the engine is running. For example, the second number in the viscosity rating - "40" in 10W-40 tells us that the grease will remain thicker at high temperatures than the same oil, but with a smaller second number - "30" in 10W-30, for example . It is important to use only the brand recommended by the car manufacturer.
Why are there so many varieties of motor oils
Looking carefully at the shelves in auto shops, you will see oils designed for all types of cars and specific purposes and conditions of use: new cars, cars with higher mileage, heavy duty or SUVs. In addition, you are aware of the breadth of the choice of oils in terms of viscosity.
If you read the owner's manual, you will find out exactly what the car manufacturer recommends for a brand new product. The guide may include a link to specific grades and brands, as well as tips on how to use them to improve performance, although this only means that the proposed process lubricant has been compared with some conditional sample.
This is not a guarantee of effectiveness, but most leading growers have at least a few strains that are designed for this purpose. Let's take a look at the existing types.
Choosing Between Synthetic and Mineral Engine Oil
Traditionally, the reference sample is the oil that the manufacturer poured into new car. All leading brands share the same quality rating, SL, available in multiple viscosities. Automakers generally recommend a 5W-20 or 5W-30 oil, especially for colder temperatures, with 10W-30 as an extra oil, especially for the season.
These three rankings cover almost every light vehicle on the road. It is even more important to regularly replace it, not forgetting the filter. The standard interval is 10,000 km or 4 months. The maximum allowable interval is twice a year. If your car has an electronic on the instrument cluster, do not ignore its readings.
Fully synthetic oil is a lubricant made for high-tech and high-performance engines, whether it be in a Chevy Corvette or. When these oils pass rigorous laboratory and real world tests (denoted on their label), this means that they have superior, more consistent performance in all critical operating conditions, from viscosity index to protection against moisture ingress.
They perform better in sub-zero temperatures and maintain peak lubricity in extreme heat and. So why shouldn't they be used? Answer: These oils are quite expensive and can not be used in all engine models. In fact, there may be certain properties that your car engine needs that synthetics cannot provide. Again, follow your car manufacturer's instructions.
Semi-synthetic oil - contains a certain amount of synthetic, mixed with mineral, and is generally designed to provide protection from heavier loads and high temperatures. This usually demonstrates that they contain less volatile fractions, and therefore evaporate much less, which reduces oil loss (and increases fuel economy). They are popular with owners of heavy SUVs and commercial vehicles who need protection under heavy operating loads. And they are much cheaper than synthetics. Of course, this difference in price may not be so noticeable for the owner, but the balance of indicators is much more important than the cost.
Oil for motors with high mileage. last much longer than their predecessors, and if you like the idea of long-term operation car and mileage measured in six-digit numbers, you must choose other brands of oils that are oriented specifically for such purposes. Nearly two-thirds of the world's vehicles have more than 120,000 km on the odometer. Thus, the refineries have identified this situation as an area of customer interest and have produced specialized oils recommended for these vehicles.
When your car or small truck or jeep is somewhat older and has a real life you may notice traces of oil stains under it after parking. Around this time, you need to add oil more often than when the car just left the dealership. Seals crankshaft can harden and lose elasticity, so they leak (especially at low temperatures) and can crack.
High mileage oils contain additional sealing additives that are injected into the pores of the seals to restore their shape and increase elasticity. In the vast majority of cases, rubber seals are designed to swell to a sufficient extent. But refineries carefully select their "renewal" ingredients.
Valvoline showed us performance data for one of the "seal" components that caused most seal materials to swell, but actually reduced that for a certain type of rubber that tended to swell a lot from ingredients found in some other motor oils.
You may also have noticed some loss of performance and deterioration as a result of the wear of its parts as the mileage increases. These oils also have a decidedly higher viscosity (even if the data on the canister doesn't indicate it, there is a fairly wide number range for each viscosity grade, and high mileage oils are at the top of each.) They may also have more viscosity index modifiers . Result?
They seal the gaps between the rings better and will not be squeezed out due to significant wear on the motor bearing. They may also have a higher additive content. resistant to wear to offset the loss of compression.
If you have an old car, then all these features can give you much more than the highest quality synthetics.
Viscosity index
Resistance to thinning of the protective layer with increasing temperature is called the viscosity index. And while a higher second number in the brand designation is more important, the oil must also be reliable. That is, it should last thousands of kilometers until the next replacement. For example, oil tends to lose viscosity when sheared, sliding between closely spaced metal surfaces of moving parts such as bearings.
Therefore, resistance to viscosity loss (shear stability) is required in order for the oil to maintain a lubricating film between these parts.
Unlike , 95 percent of which is formed by one base chemical (usually ethylene glycol), petroleum-type motor oil contains a mixture of several various types base oil, some are more expensive than others.
Typically, five groups are selected, each of which is produced differently and has a different viscosity. More expensive groups require more complex production process, in some cases by methods that produce a lubricant that can be classed as synthetic. So-called full synthetics include chemical components that can be obtained by refining oil, but they are so modified that they are no longer considered natural oils.
Our regular blend contained 10% polyalphaolefins (PAO), a type of chemical that is often the main ingredient in full synthetics.
The amount of base oil in any formulation is in the range of 70 to 95 percent of the blend, with the remainder being additives or additives. Does this mean that 70% oil is better than 95% oil? No, because some base oils have natural or refining characteristics that reduce or eliminate the need for additives. And although some components make an important contribution to lubricity, they do not necessarily have good rheological properties on their own.
The ingredients in an additive blend vary in cost, as mentioned, but price is just one factor. Some work better in well-defined combinations of base oils, and some of the less expensive base oils are good choice for lubrication due to how they work with popular additives. As a result, each engine oil has a strictly approved recipe. Refiners define a to-do list based on the needs of their customers (such as automakers) and formulate oils to meet those goals as far as possible.
Now it is clear that when the oil thins when heated, it happens, but this is only one of the factors. It is also important that the oil does not form too thick a film. Using premium base oils for low volatility - to prevent evaporation - is one approach. Evaporation of the base oil film not only increases oil consumption, but also leads to an increase in its density (which reduces fuel consumption).
Oil additives
The use of additives is another approach to improve and maintain the stability of an oil's performance. High engine temperatures combine with moisture, combustion by-products (including unburned gasoline), rust, corrosion, wear metal particles, and oxygen to form.
Additives not only help maintain good lubricity, but also help minimize sludge and deposits and any damage caused by them.
. Viscosity index optimizers: Reduce the tendency of the oil to thin out with increasing temperature.
. Cleansing Ingredients: unlike the household type, they do not clean engine surfaces. They remove some deposits, mostly solids. But their original purpose is to keep surfaces clean by preventing the formation of high temperature deposits, rust and corrosion.
. Dispersants: disaggregate solid particles, keeping them in solution, preventing their aggregation, sedimentation or carbon deposits. Some additives or additives work as both detergents and dispersants.
. Anti-wear agents: there may be situations where the lubricating film becomes discontinuous, so anti-wear agents must provide protection metal surfaces. The compound of zinc and phosphorus, called ZDDP, is a long-used leader along with other compounds, such as phosphorus and sulfur. You should be aware that ZDDPs are made up of zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate.
. Friction modifiers: it is not the same as anti-wear agents. They reduce engine friction and thus can improve fuel efficiency. Graphite, molybdenum and other compounds are used.
. Pour point depressants: just because the viscosity at 0° Fahrenheit is low does not mean that the oil will flow easily at sub-zero temperatures. The oil contains wax particles that can set and reduce slip, so these additives are used to prevent this phenomenon.
. Antioxidants: when the engine temperature rises to better control Beyond emissions, antioxidants are used to prevent oxidation (and therefore thickening) of the oil. A number of additives that perform other functions also serve this purpose, such as anti-wear agents.
. Foam Inhibitors: crankshaft Whipping the oil in the oil pan causes foaming. Oil based foam is not as effective as liquid foam so inhibitors are used to break down foam bubbles.
. Corrosion inhibitors: protect metal parts from acids and moisture.
More doesn't mean better
You can't add more additives. In fact, you can make things worse. For example, sulfur compounds have anti-wear, anti-oxidation properties, but they can increase fuel consumption and affect catalytic converter performance.
An excessively high concentration of a particular washer agent can affect the anti-wear balance. Too much of a particular chemical can affect efficiency and degrade fuel economy. Anti-wear and friction reducing additives may also contain ingredients (such as sulfur) that can affect catalyst performance.
The oil industry is under intense pressure to legally restrict the use of sulfur compounds in oil or gasoline. This is due to the tightening requirements of environmentalists, while the resistance of manufacturers is justified not only by the desire to avoid expensive modernization
production, but also by the fact that motor oil is a finely balanced product, the exclusion of one component from which will lead to serious consequences and objective difficulties.
Based on the requirements of a car engine, engine oil is selected according to two main criteria: API performance level and SAE viscosity.
Which one is better to use?
Engine manufacturers at the design stage are determined with brands of oils depending on operating conditions and design features. After which are carried out resource tests engines and recommendations for use are given. So, before choosing, you need to look into the instruction manual, what exactly is needed. The oil specified in the instructions - right choice ohm.If you do not want to upload the original branded oil, then you can get by with non-original. And in order not to lose the warranty, you should choose it with the approval and approval of the auto concern. The approval of the auto manufacturer is one of the main guidelines when choosing. The designation of approval indicates not only the name of the brand of the car, but also a special index, which is comparable to what appears in the automotive documentation.
Russian legislation does not restrict the right of a car owner to use technical fluids of any brand. The main thing is that the product specifications comply with the manufacturer's recommendations. In the event of a breakdown of the engine, into which non-original oil was poured, but meeting the basic requirements, the dealer may refuse to warranty repair only if the examination establishes that it was fake.
Use the oil recommended by the manufacturer. If you choose on your own, then it is selected according to two main parameters: by group and quality class. It would also be helpful to know.
SAE classification
The main property of engine oil is viscosity and its dependence on temperature over a wide range. Here is the standard SAE classification: 10W-40. The first designation "10W" indicates the application temperature, and "40" the viscosity. We will talk about each parameter separately.The most noticeable numbers on the canister speak of the viscosity of the oil - this is the SAE classification. Two numbers separated by the letter W indicate that it is all-season. The first digits indicate the minimum negative temperature at which the engine can be cranked. For example, when designating 0W-40, the lower temperature threshold is -35 ° C, and for 15W-40 it is -20 ° C. The number after the hyphen indicates the permissible range of viscosity changes at 100 ° C.
Operating ranges of winter, summer and all-weather oils
With an average climate, it is recommended to use the "universal" 10W - it will fit most cars. If the winters are severe, then oil of a class of at least 5W should be filled in (best would be - 0W). For summer operation 10W will do.
- with vehicle mileage less than 50% from planned resource ( new engine) oils of classes 5W30 or 0W20 must be used. This is due to the fact that new engines have no wear, all clearances are minimal, so the bearings work at a lower viscosity.
- with a car mileage of more than 50% from a planned resource (technically serviceable engine) it is advisable to use oils of class 5W40. This is due to the fact that at high wear, the bearing capacity is compensated by an increase in viscosity.
Modern motors require low viscosity oil, because. it has low energy saving properties and saves fuel. Liquids with a viscosity of not more than 30 are poured from conveyors. If the mileage of the machine is high and increased consumption is noticeable, then oil with a higher viscosity index should be filled in.
API classification
The classification of oils according to the conditions of their use and the levels of performance properties has been repeatedly supplemented, but the principle of division into two categories - "S" and "C" has been preserved. The category "S" (Service) includes oils for gasoline engines, to category "C" (Commercial) - designed for diesel engines.
API performance levels are subdivided into "S" categories in ascending order of quality into classes (SA, SB, SC, SD, SE, SF, SG, SH, SJ, SL, SM and SN). The further the second letter is from the beginning of the alphabet, the better. For gasoline engines, the most modern is the SN marking, and for diesel engines - CF. To designate universal oils that are used for gasoline engines and diesel engines, a double marking has been adopted, for example, SN / CF.
All fluids with a quality higher than SL can be classified as energy-saving - they save fuel. The difference in real operation will be 2-3%. You hardly feel it.
Choose your own oil last class By API classifications. The packaging must have a marking designation not lower than class SM or SN. Exactly given class gives best performance engine performance and reduce fuel consumption.
The next step is to choose a brand. There is a wide choice here: domestic oils are comparable to many foreign ones - after all, modern base oils and additive packages are used in their production. The main thing is not to run into a fake and buy in company stores. Or choose in tin cans which are difficult to fake.
When operating a vehicle, any car owner periodically raises the question of which brand of oil is better to fill in the engine. Of course, before choosing in a store, you need to study how you can more information about this: read all kinds of instructions, which detail specific recommendations, listen to the opinions of experts, as well as reviews of car owners. If you purchased a used car without a service book, then official dealers or spare parts suppliers will be able to suggest useful information about it.
In this case, the wear of the motor must be taken into account. After all, when using mineral water, if cracks appeared, for example, in a pan, then they were gradually filled with deposits. Bay after this synthetics, you will wash everything, including frozen deposits. As a result, a leak may reappear. And if you still use a 15-minute flush, then the engine can generally be ruined. Therefore, it is advisable to carry out a separate cleaning of the engine elements, or at least manually clean the sump.
How to be and what brand to fill in the engine is better? Consider what needs to be considered when choosing a fluid in general and for individual cars in particular.
Choosing the best oil
Choosing the best lubricant for their car, motorists start their search with a list of existing fluids by rating.
Then the car model, mileage, age and its general condition are taken into account. Also, to make the right choice, you need to know the differences between synthetic and semi-synthetic types (mineral water is used only on old cars, so we will not cover it in detail).
Synthetic oil is completely artificial. It is obtained as a result of the processing of oil or gas through complex molecular synthesis. Such a mixture does not lose its properties under the influence of various factors, even as a result of long-term operation.
Semi-synthetics is obtained by mixing mineral and synthetic types of lubricating fluids. Mineral water is considered a natural product, as it is the result of distillation and purification of oil.
Synthetics are able to penetrate much better, and also have greater fluidity. Thanks to its use, fuel consumption is reduced and power loss due to friction is reduced. Its beneficial properties last longer. At the same time, the motor wears out less, and an oil change is needed less often than when filling with semi-synthetics. This type of fluid is less affected by overheating and lowering the temperature.
With an old car that has insufficient technical documentation, suitable oil specialists are selected, taking into account the following components:
- viscosity;
- quality;
Diesel oil
Choosing the right mix for diesel vehicles, take into account the specifics of their work, which differs from gasoline units.
For diesel engines, the quality of the fluid used must be consistent in order to ensure the maximum possible durability of the motor. The set of additives here is qualitatively different than for petrol cars. Since the fuel does not burn completely, the amount of detergent and dispersant additives must be much higher.
Some are able to keep soot in suspension, others reduce the formation of deposits on pistons and cylinders. Due to the presence of a significant percentage of sulfur, in order to increase the resistance to oxidation, additives are introduced into the oil that specifically protect against oxidation and the formation of an alkaline environment.
For naturally aspirated engines, experts do not recommend using oils of a class below BI, or CD, according to various classifications. In turbodiesels, a class from CE or B2 is allowed. Turbocharged engines are more demanding, as not only are there high system loads, but there is also a need to provide long work turbocharger.
Another important point for diesel engines is the viscosity index. According to this indicator, summer, winter and year-round options are distinguished.
Oil for gasoline unit
The choice of fluid for such machines begins with the definition of the motor, as well as the natural conditions of the place where the car is used.
Today, power units have more power, compression ratio, and therefore are able to work in more severe conditions than before. This became possible, among other things, due to the fact that the standards for exhaust gases and toxicity have become tougher.
Considering mineral water, semi-synthetics and synthetics, and also taking into account the latitudes where we live, experts conclude that types such as semi-synthetics and synthetics are the most suitable.
For most units, you can completely limit yourself to semi-synthetics, changing it as usual. But the more extreme the operating conditions, the more often replacement is required. What brand of oil is better to fill in the engine? In our conditions, when buying oil, you should first of all be extremely careful and pay attention not only and not so much to the brand itself, but to the quality and authenticity of the product. Therefore, reviews are advised to purchase liquid only in stores that have good reputation. Otherwise, there is a big risk of buying a fake.
Car oils for different brands of cars
Well, in order to choose specifically which brand of oil is better to fill in the VAZ-2107 engine, you can see the reviews of other motorists. Many people prefer the Lukoil brand, but there are also those who choose better lubricants. However, having opted for any one liquid, it is better to drive on it, since changing the brand, you will be forced to additionally flush the engine and waste time, and the result will remain the same.
The best oil for Hyundai Accent
For car owners of this brand, the right choice depends on the year of production and engine number. For most models, semi-synthetics 10W40 are suitable. The only exception is the engine numbered D4FA, which runs only on 5W30 synthetics. What brand of oil is better to fill in the Hyundai Accent engine? Manufacturers recommend Liqui moly, Mannol, Aral.
Choice for Renault Logan
The opinion of manufacturers regarding which brand of oil is better to fill in the Renault Logan engine is to support ELF Evolution SXR 5W30 or ELF Evolution SXR 5W40. These are synthetic lubricants.
Suitable for Nissan vehicles
Consider two Nissan models: Almera and Qashqai.
What brand of oil is better to fill in the engine? Nissan Almera is a model that has been produced for a long time. Therefore, for cars before 2000, 15W40 mineral water is suitable, and after 2000, 5W30 synthetics. For diesels, this Brand may be Elf 5W40.
What about new models? What brand of oil is better to fill in the engine? Nissan Qashqai, for example, has been in production since 2007. For him, as for other new cars, the manufacturer clearly suggests using only 5W30 synthetics. Car owners, of course, have the right to choose a specific brand for themselves, but most use the original Nissan oil.
The best option for "Opel"
For the old models fit mineral water 15W40 or semi-synthetic 10W40. But for recent years release choose synthetics 5W30. So what brand of oil is better to fill in the engine? Opel recommends Mobil1, Liqui Molly, Motul to its customers.
The best oil for Toyota
Viscosity and class, as for all models, here depends on the year of manufacture of the car. The company unambiguously speaks out on the issue of which brand of oil is better to fill in the engine. Toyota will feel great on the original branded fluid.
Suitable for Mazda CX7
The type of oil for this car, of course, is synthetic, and the viscosity is 5W30. What brand of oil is better to fill in the Mazda CX 7 engine? This company, like many others, offers Mazda owners their original version.
The best oil in winter
Winter oil for motors, judging by the reviews, is currently not used by car owners as such. Therefore, pay more attention to the viscosity class. If the liquid has a name in which the letter W is present, for example: 5W30, 5W40, and so on, then you can be sure that this oil belongs to the all-weather class. They can be safely used all year round. The bulk of drivers choose just such oil. At the same time, using oil in winter time, you need to pay attention to the first number before the letter W.
If the low temperature viscosity is appropriate for the regional climate where the motor vehicle And accumulator battery with the starter is in proper condition, then there is nothing to worry about. And you can also continue to use this viscosity class.
If there is no confidence in the weather, then it is better to choose a lower temperature viscosity.
In doing so, the following circumstances must be taken into account:
- changing the oil puts extra stress on the engine;
- liquid of one manufacturer is compatible with a different viscosity class;
- used in the cold season, must comply with the recommendations of the vehicle manufacturer.
In addition to viscosity and type, many motorists prefer the use of certain brands in winter. What brand of oil is better to fill in the engine in winter? Our most popular are:
- Castrol, which is highly valued in most Eurasian countries.
- Shell Helix, which many consumers speak of worthily.
- Xado also has great features.
- Zic has been trusted by car owners for many years.
- mobile- german leader recognized in many countries.
Lukoil oil is also known and popular among the Russian consumer. But in winter it is better to use a different brand.
The number of offers on the market today is extremely large. For each of the cars, up to several dozen brands that are found on the shelves of car dealerships can fit. For winter, it is better to focus primarily not on cost, but on quality characteristics. If the car is stored in a heated garage, then the fluid requirements are significantly reduced. Then the usual all-weather season will be sufficient, and you should not subject the engine to additional load by changing the composition of the oil.
The question in the title can be classified as eternal, that is, those about which motorists will argue to the point of hoarseness as long as there are power units that need this technical fluid. Of course, it’s impossible to say unequivocally that only mineral, semi-synthetic or synthetic oil should be poured into the car’s engine - there are too many factors to consider when choosing it. Today we'll take a look at everything possible options, which may affect the choice of lubricant for the "heart" of the machine.
First, let's remember why, in fact, the engine needs oil. It performs several useful functions: it lubricates the rubbing surfaces of engine parts, protects them from corrosion, removes heat from friction points of power unit parts, reduces shock loads, and, finally, serves as a “washing” agent, washing out all the debris that has accumulated in the engine case over time. its operation. Now we will start from what types of oil mankind has come up with in order to protect power plant machines from all of these troubles.
Engine device
The first motor oil was obtained naturally from petroleum feedstocks. This is the most "natural" lubricating fluid, the composition of which is replete with natural hydrocarbons. Unfortunately, these natural components of the oil differ a high degree instability, changing its properties under the influence external factors e.g. ambient temperature. The first engines that used mineral oil, suffered greatly from the effects of temperatures, as a result of which the technical fluid could not perform its main functions for a long time, and needed to be replaced frequently, which in itself did not please car owners. With the development of chemistry, scientists guessed that it was possible to stabilize the properties of mineral motor oil with the help of special substances - the so-called additives. They began to be actively added to the composition of the oil, but although there was an expected effect, it also turned out to be short-lived. And all because those added to lubricating fluid additives under the influence of all the same factors very quickly collapsed, prolonging the life of the "mineral water" for a short time.
A real breakthrough in the "oil" business was the invention synthetic technical fluids for engine lubrication. Obtained by the synthesis of hydrocarbons, these oils were more resistant to adverse factors, did not require, due to their stable composition, many additives inherent in mineral water, and, most importantly, they significantly extended the life of the engine.
Then came the third type of motor oil - semi-synthetic. It was created by mixing the bases of synthetic and mineral oils in a ratio of 30/70 (some semi-synthetic oils are based equally on "synthetics" and "mineral water"). This oil is the "golden mean", as it has absorbed best properties two other lubricants.
When discussing which oil is better to fill in a car engine, you need to remember a few more of its parameters that you need to consider when choosing this technical fluid. These include (the ability of the oil to become thinner or thicker under the influence of certain temperatures), the presence of additives and the approval of the automobile manufacturer.
It cannot be said that some oil is better, and some is worse - for one type engine fit, for example, "mineral water", and the other will work like clockwork only on "synthetics". As a rule, mineral motor oils are poured into engines of older designs (carburetor). Modern injection engines (it doesn’t matter if the car has a motor) of new cars are best tolerated by synthetic oil - it is it that is poured into the engines of cars still on the conveyor. But the same modern engines with an increase in mileage, such a property as increased waste (degree of combustion and oil consumption) manifests itself. To reduce the degree of waste, use semi-synthetic oil. Thus, we came to the conclusion: mineral water - for engines of old cars(they can work on both synthetics and semi-synthetics, but what's the point of paying more?), synthetics - for engines of completely new cars, semi-synthetics - for new units, but already passed a certain mileage (from 60 to 90 thousand km) of cars.
But it was we who decided on which types of oils in terms of chemical composition to choose under ideal conditions. In fact, the process of choosing oil for a particular engine is a little more complicated. First of all, you need to consider which oils the manufacturer recommends. Information about this can be found in the car’s operating manual, but if you bought a used car and there is no “manual” for it, then you can find information about the types, brands and viscosity characteristics of engine oil on the Internet, on the automaker’s websites.
In extreme cases, you can call the dealership that sells cars of your brand and clarify all the parameters with a consultant. Then you need to determine which oil was filled from the factory (if the car is new) or by the previous owner of the car. IN modern cars, as mentioned above, synthetic oils are used, and for cars with mileage in the engine, most likely, “semi-synthetics” are filled in or, if the device is rare, “mineral water”. Having determined what oil composition and viscosity has already been used in the unit of your car, you can select a brand.
Currently, the automaker does not name the specific brands of oils that they fill in the engines of their cars, telling customers that there is branded oil (for example, Mercedes or BMW).
They do this because they want to keep the owner of the car on the service “needle” for as long as possible, selling him “branded” oil at a price much higher than the manufacturer of the technical fluid releases him. Therefore, the task of the motorist is to find out specific brand oils to save money. In addition, it is not at all necessary to pour your own " iron horse» oil of a certain brand - for sure there are a lot of analogues on the market, which, perhaps, will suit you better on the “price-quality” scale. After all, the main thing in oil is not the brand, but its chemical composition (mineral, synthetic or semi-synthetic) and the degree of viscosity.
Based on all of the above parameters, you can determine which type oil is suitable for your specific engine.
