Unfortunately, the team has not performed for several years. But, nevertheless, Honda hopes that it will return to this area. So Honda managed to create the fastest in the world.
Recall that the Honda team left the race before the start of the 2009 season, despite the fact that earlier the team won prizes in the championship. But their cars have not left the race. So the team, having somewhat modernized their car, won the Grand Prix more than once.
When creating a new car, the team's goal was to conquer the speed of 400 km / h. The most the main problem what the developers faced was downforce, which is necessary to achieve such a speed on a light car.
Based on a 2005 car. All systems have been upgraded. Also, the hardest part was setting up the sports car in such a way that the 600-kilogram car could confidently cope with 900 hp.
Here's what the car looks like in the end:
And Honda managed to conquer the speed of 400 km / h. And not just once. Several rides were needed to officially record the measurements. record speed. So during the races, the average speed was 397.360 km / h.
Before in the world, no one had ever accelerated to such a speed.
About how complicated modern car, we think relatively rarely - primarily due to the magic phrase "replacement assembly". Therefore, in the process of dismantling an obsolete generator or installing a new turbine, the car owner is not always aware that each of these components or assemblies in itself represents complex design from several dozen, or even several hundred individual parts. And an attempt alone to count the number of parts that are used to assemble a single car is initially doomed to failure - and the process of counting metal, plastic and other elements seems no less, and even more tedious than the process of disassembling a car into the smallest and simplest components.
This is how the LS9 engine manufactured by General Motors looks like in a semi-disassembled state.
You can often find information that a modern car consists of a couple of thousand elements - depending on the type of car and its complexity, the number of parts can vary between 1,700 and 2,200. However, with this calculation method, a part means, for example, a piston assembly - although in fact, each piston rings represents separate detail. Thus, in reality, these details are much more. The car body on the conveyor looks like a single part, but initially it is assembled from several dozen (from 50 to 100 elements), for the connection of which robots or live workers perform welding at about 5,000 points. And the engine, which itself is a combination of a dozen complex units, consists of more than 5,000 parts.
Accurate calculations were relatively recently made by experts Toyota- they claim that the car Japanese brand is a combination of approximately 30,000 parts. These calculations also show how complex are the key components of the car that make it move.
Recently, the "dismemberment" of racing cars has been in vogue - and sometimes we are talking about real installations, for the creation of which specialists in contemporary art are involved. For example, one Dutch artist was allowed to disassemble into 3,200 parts Mercedes car The MGP W01 is one of the cars driven by Michael Schumacher.
Some time ago, Toyota had its own Formula 1 team - and the racing cars built by this team, as you might guess, did without many elements that have become almost mandatory for civil vehicles. Formula 1 cars don't need any multimedia system with a head unit and a lot of speakers, no air conditioning with its own pump, no seat adjustment mechanisms ... Nevertheless, about 25,000 elements are used in the production of a car. One can only wonder how engineers and designers have the ability not only to combine this multitude into a single organism, but also to make it work for many years.
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The characteristics of the car are formed by the technical regulations, which are followed by the stewards of the International Motor Sport Federation.
A Formula 1 car is a carbon-fiber monoblock with 4 wheels located outside the body, of which the rear 2 are driven, and the front wheels are driven. The pilot is placed in a narrow cockpit (cockpit) in front of the car and controls it using the steering wheel and brake and gas pedals.
Although Formula 1 cars often exceed 300 km/h, according to absolute speed Formula 1 cannot be considered the fastest auto racing series in any way, since almost all engine parameters in it are significantly reduced (volume is limited, turbocharging is prohibited, etc.). However, by average speed on a circle of highway-ring racing (except for the so-called "ovals") Formula 1 has no equal. This is possible due to the very efficient brake system and aerodynamics. Brake Boosters and anti-lock brakes are prohibited.
Motor power 750-770 hp Air pre-cooling systems are prohibited. In addition, it is forbidden to supply anything other than air and fuel to the engine.
Starting with the 2009 season, Formula 1 cars are introducing Kinetic Energy Recovery (KERS) - a special device that allows you to accumulate the kinetic energy of the car in the places of braking, transferring it during acceleration. In this case, the specific principle of recovery is not prescribed in any way.
Tires are of great importance in Formula 1.
Unlike road cars, Formula 1 tires are not designed for durability (1 set is designed for no more than 200 kilometers), the main features are strength, light weight and grip. The key components of tires are rubber, nylon and polyester. In order to change the stiffness of rubber, the ratios of the parts added to it are regulated: carbon, sulfur and oil.
The size of the front and rear tires in the process of evolution racing formulas constantly changed, now the front and rear tires are different, the size of the front tires is limited in width from 305 to 355 mm, the rear from 365 to 380 mm. At the same time, the total diameter cannot exceed 660 mm for tires for dry weather and 670 mm for wet weather. Measurements are made at a tire pressure of 1.4 bar. In accordance with paragraph 12.7.1 of the Formula 1 Technical Regulations, tires can only be filled with air or nitrogen.
Acceleration from standstill to 100 km/h: 1.7 sec.
Acceleration from zero to 200 km/h: 3.8 sec.
Acceleration from standstill to 300 km/h: 8.6 sec.
Maximum speed: about 340 km/h.
Braking from 100 km / h: 1.4 seconds and 17 meters of distance.
Braking from 200 km / h: 2.9 seconds and 55 meters of distance.
Braking from 300 km/h: 4 sec.
Pilot overload during braking: about 5G.
Downforce equal to the weight of the car is achieved at a speed of about 180 km / h.
Maximum downforce (maximum setting) at 300 km/h: approximately 3,000 kilograms.
Fuel consumption in competition mode: about 75 l/100 km.
The cost of each kilometer traveled: about $ 500.
Basic feature a Formula 1 car is certainly considered to have downforce. It is she who allows cornering at speeds unattainable by any other sports car. There is one remarkable point here: almost all turns the pilots just need to go at a very high speed so that the downforce can keep the car on the track, but if you throw it off, you can fly off the track because the downforce will become small.
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The parameters of formula one cars, their dimensions and weights are controlled by the technical regulations, the purpose of this article is to describe the various designs, technologies, prices and details used in formula one cars.
How does the miracle engine "Formula 1"
Technological progress in racing has completely destroyed the romantic dreams of "garage" teams and the creation of revolutionary cars by brilliant enthusiasts without a bunch of master's degrees in the resume. Now even poor stables have a budget of $100 million and open engineering departments for several dozen people.
The engine departments of Ferrari, Renault and Mercedes have become huge technological monsters. German manufacturers have already moved the industry forward by recently announcing the imminent achievement of 1000 hp. and setting a new record for thermal efficiency of more than 50% (for conventional cars — 25-30%).
The current power plant consists of several components:
- - engine internal combustion;
- - turbine (with compressor and supercharger, of course);
- - two energy recovery systems MGU-K and MGU-H;
- - control electronics unit;
- - battery.
Turbine - it was not without reason that they returned to Formula 1 after a twenty-year ban: in 2014, along with the new regulations for power plants, a limit on fuel consumption of 100 kg per race began to operate. It meant a reduction in the amount of fuel burned in the engine cylinder and, accordingly, a decrease in power and speed. To keep the cars from slowing down, the teams were again allowed to compensate for the reduction in fuel use by increasing the density of the mixture using turbocharging.
Block MGU-K or a kinetic energy recuperator was allowed to be used back in 2009 (then it was called KERS). It connects to the brake system of the car, is activated when the appropriate pedal is pressed and converts the energy of the wheels into electrical energy, charging the batteries with it. Then the pilot uses the charge to accelerate - but until 2014, the technology was not particularly effective. The regulation was just revised by 2014 specifically to enhance the role of hybrid systems in power plants.
At the same time, they introduced the use of another recuperative unit - MGU-H. He no longer works with kinetic energy, but with a flow exhaust gases, whose heat and transforms into electricity. This system can be called a key one for modern cars, because internal combustion engines have almost reached the ceiling of development. Proper use of the hybrid component gives 20-30 additional km / h in a straight line and saves fuel when accelerating in low gears.
At the same time, a large constant load falls on the heat energy recuperator - and the success of the power plant directly depends on the development effective cooling. It is with a complex design that almost all the problems of the mechanics of the modern Formula 1 are connected. “Honda” first suffered for two seasons with overheating due to the incorrect location of the recuperator relative to the internal combustion engine, and now it cannot find the optimal scheme for distributing the energy received over the acceleration phases on straight lines. Renault, in turn, overdid it in trying to catch up with Mercedes in speed and screwed up the reliability of the block: as a result, in the last three Grand Prix, cars with French engine got off seven times.
Are common specifications formula one car:
(data for comparison, since they are different for all fireballs and are constantly changing, although not significantly).
Acceleration from standstill to 100 km / h 1.7 sec.
Acceleration from standstill to 200 km / h 3.8 sec.Acceleration from zero to 300 km/h in 8.6 sec.
Maximum speed about 340 km/h
Braking from 100 km / h 1.4 seconds and 17 meters of distance.
Braking from 200 km / h 2.9 seconds and 55 meters of distance.
Braking from 300 km/h 4 sec
Pilot overload during braking is about 5G.
Downforce equal to the weight of the car is achieved at a speed of about 180 km / h.
Maximum downforce (maximum setting) at 300+ km/h about 3000 kg.
The main feature of the Formula One car is undoubtedly the presence of a huge downforce. It is she who allows you to take turns at speeds unattainable by any other sports cars. There is one here interesting point: many turns the pilots simply need to pass on a very high speed, when the downforce allows you to keep the car on the track, if you slow down, you can fly off the track because the downforce will not be enough!
Downforce creates a set aerodynamic elements such as: rear wing, front wing, diffuser, etc. Front wing, is made of carbon fiber and generates downforce of up to 25% of an entire Formula One car.
Rear wing with own weight about 7 kg creates up to 1000 kg of downforce at high speed, this is about 35% of the total downforce of the F1 car.
IN different times different engine sizes were used on formula one cars, there was and was no boost, speed limits and a host of other restrictions, they were united by only one thing, a huge power of up to 1500 l / s per high speed, up to 22500 rpm. Recently, the regulation supports, through various restrictions, maximum power about 850 hp and about 19500 rpm.
Parameters of one of the formula one engines:
Bore 98 mm
Stroke 39.77 mm
Volume 2400 cm3
Connecting rod length 102 mm
Diam. cylinder / piston stroke
2.46
Liter power 314.6 hp/l
Maximum torque 290 Nm at 17000 rpm
Wed piston speed 22.5 m/s
Piston acceleration about 9000G at 19000 rpm
Nozzle pressure approx. 100 bar
Max. power 755 hp 19250 rpm
Masses of some engine parts and parameters
Piston 220 g
. Rings included 9 g
. Piston pin assembly 66 g
. Connecting rod 285 g
. The engine itself weighs 95 kg
Wed effective pressure in the combustion chamber at Max. torque 15.18 bar
. Wed effective pressure in the combustion chamber at Max. power 14.63 bar
Maximum load on piston pin 3133 kg.
. The maximum load on the crankshaft bed is 6045 kg.
Exhaust system
Each formula one team needs some supply of different manifolds exhaust system to reconfigure the engine for different tracks.
Why is everyone dissatisfied with new technologies?
Ironically, modern hybrid engines from the very first season they got into a typhoon of criticism. Among the indignant were fans, and teams, and racers, and manufacturers - each one pressed on something of his own.
But in fact, it’s not really the engines that annoy everyone, but the dominance of Mercedes, based on the advantage in power plants. The Germans produced the best aggregates back in 2014 and deservedly won four seasons in a row - due to the complex design of engines (including MGU-H), competitors can’t close the gap from the leader.
Transmission
Formula 1 cars are not allowed to use automatic transmissions.
Uses semi-automatic sequential gearboxes
Has 7 forward and 1 reverse gear
The pilot changes gear in 1/100 of a second
The cost of one seven-speed semi automatic box transfers over $130,000. Designed for a mileage of 6000 km. 10 boxes are enough for a season, including tests. The kit includes several sets of gears.
The gearbox of the Formula One car is directly connected to the carbon fiber clutch. Clutches are made by two companies, AP racing and Sachs, who build them in such a way that they can withstand temperatures close to 500 degrees. The clutches are electro-hydraulic elements and have a weight of 1.5 kg. Each speed change takes 20-40 milliseconds and is computer controlled. Car drivers do not use the clutch manually, thus wasting time and allowing the engine to perform idling(as it is in conventional machines, without an automatic transmission), but simply press the lever behind the wheel to move to the next speed, the process itself lies entirely on the computer. Gearboxes
designed so that mechanics can easily change settings. So a complete overhaul gear ratios gearbox takes about 40 minutes in the pits.
Tires and wheels
The discs weigh about 4 kilograms and are made of magnesium alloy, each costs about $10,000.
Front tire road size: 245/55R13;
Front diameter: 655 mm;
Front Width: 325mm;
Rear tire road size: 325/45R13;
Rear diameter: 655mm;
Rear Width: 375mm;
Working temperature about 130 degrees
The cost of one tire is about $800
For the season you need 720 pieces.
Formula 1 car brakes
Brake discs have been made from carbon fiber for many years, and one disc can take up to 5 months to produce.
Temperature conditions up to 1000 Celsius
Weight 1.4 kg.
With all the advantages of carbon fiber brakes, ceramic brake discs having best performance both braking, thermal stability and durability. Ferrari's modern ceramic brake discs lose 1mm of their thickness in one race. While earlier, when using other materials, wear was 4 mm or more!
Front suspension arms:
Made from titanium and carbon fiber.
Fuel tank:
Made from rubberized fabric reinforced with Kevlar
Has a volume of over 200 liters
Fuel consumption - 75 l / 100 km
Monocoque
The monocoque is the basis of the F1 car, on which all its parts and details are attached. In case of concussions, in case of accidents, he must provide the pilot complete security, but at the same time weigh approximately 35kg. Like most parts of an F1 car, the monocoque is made from carbon fiber and like most parts costs a hefty $115,000
Pilot's seat:
Made to the rider's individual measurements in carbon fiber.
Steering wheel
The steering wheel of a formula one car combines dashboard(center display), controls, also allows you to change many of the settings of the car right in the direction of travel. Made of carbon fiber, for each pilot individually according to the anatomical structure.
History of victories
in Formula 1 racing
Formula 1 Season 2019: Upcoming Events
2019 Formula 1 Winners
1. Formula 1 2019 Australian Grand Prix
2. Formula 1 2019 Bahrain Grand Prix
3. Formula 1 2019 Chinese Grand Prix
4. Formula 1 2019 Azerbaijan Grand Prix
5. Formula 1 2019 Spanish Grand Prix
6. Formula 1 2019 Monaco Grand Prix
7. Formula 1 2019 Canadian Grand Prix
The Formula 1 World Championship is held every year and consists of separate stages (with Grand Prix status). At the end of the year, the winner of the championship is revealed. In Formula 1, both individual pilots and teams compete. Pilots compete for the World Championship title, while teams compete for the Constructors' Championship. The roots of Formula One lie in the European Grand Prix motor racing championship, which was held in the 1920s and 1930s. The organizations involved in the Grand Prix formulated the first rules for the World Cup before the Second World War and planned its implementation in 1941, but until 1946 these rules were not finally formalized. In 1946, the newly formed FIA introduced the rules of the so-called "Formula 1", which came into effect from 1947. Technical regulation was based on several ideas: German racers were excluded from racing for 10 years due to the defeat of Germany, but this did not apply to the Italians, since the capitulation in 1943 and the participation of the Italians in the fight against the Third Reich removed many of the accusations from the country. Before the war, in an attempt to somehow gain the upper hand in the fight against German cars, the Italian Automobile Club held the Tripoli Grand Prix under the rules of the "junior formula" or voiturette, limiting the engine displacement to 1.5 liters. And although this did not save the Italians from defeat, after the war it was these cars that were taken as a model in the preparation of the Formula 1 regulations. In addition, old french cars Grand Prix with naturally aspirated 4.5 liter engines, unable to compete with contemporary German cars. At the same time, back in the same year, the organizers of the three Grand Prix held races according to the Formula 1 regulations. In 1948, the Formula 2 class was added to Formula 1. An even younger Formula 3 class was introduced in 1950. According to the original scheme, it was assumed that the Formula 1 class was intended exclusively for holding the world championship, the Formula 2 class for holding the championship of the continent, the Formula 3 class for national championships, and so on. However, one should not completely identify the Formula 1 class and the FIA World Championship. Often, there were an order of magnitude more major races in the world (including in the highest racing class) than was included in the World Cup. Few racers chose to participate exclusively in the stages of the World Cup: they took part in a wide variety of races, including optionally in cars with open wheels. Formula 1 cars performed not only in the World Championship, but also in other off-champion races, which, as a rule, had an independent status. So, out of 22 races held in 1950 with the participation of Formula 1 cars, only 5 were counted towards the World Championship. In addition to the World Championship, Formula 1 cars were also used in the South African Formula 1 Championship (1960-1975) and the British Formula 1 Championship (1977-1980, 1982). The situation completely changed in the early 1980s, when the Consent Agreement was adopted after the "FISA-FOCA War". From that moment on, Formula 1 races are held only as part of the World Championship. In fact, the very concept of the Formula 1 class disappeared and the Formula 1 racing series appeared, the commercial rights to which are separated from the sports ones, which are under the jurisdiction of the FIA.
In 1950, the FIA decided to record the results of individual races in the Formula 1 class in common protocol world championship. The first such Grand Prix was held on English soil at the Silverstone circuit. Until 1958, the World Championship was exclusively personal, then points began to be awarded to car designers (the so-called Constructors' Cup).
At the same time, the World Championship itself was not always held according to the rules of Formula 1. So, the American Indy-500 race, which was included in the championship, was held according to its own rules, on machines called "indicars". When in 1951 FISA announced the new Formula 1 rules, effective from 1954, no one wanted to prepare a car for the 1952-1953 seasons according to the old rules, and, due to the lack of a sufficient number of participants, the World Championship was held according to the rules of Formula 2 .
