2.1.3. Washing vehicles, assemblies and parts Question 27. What requirements must be observed when washing vehicles, assemblies, assemblies and parts? Answer. It is mandatory to comply with the following requirements: washing must be carried out in specially designated places;

2.1.5. Checking the technical condition of vehicles and their units Question 40. How should the technical condition of vehicles and their units be checked when they are released onto the line and return from the line? Answer. It should be checked with braked wheels. Exception to this

2.3. Operation of vehicles 2.3.1. Movement on the territory of the organization, preparation for departure and work on the line Question 143. What requirements must be observed when starting the automatic telephone exchange engine with a starting handle? Answer. The following requirements must be met:

2.3.2. Additional requirements during the operation of vehicles in the winter season Question 162. Where should all maintenance, repair and inspection of the technical condition of the automatic telephone exchange be carried out? Answer. Should be carried out, as a rule, in heated

2.3.5. Additional requirements for the operation of motor vehicles in isolation from the main base Question 180. What are the duties of the driver before loading vehicles onto railway platforms using lifting mechanisms? Answer. The driver must: disconnect the terminal from

2.5. Storage of vehicles Question 216. Where should tank cars be stored for the transport of combustible flammable substances? Answer. Should be stored in open areas, under sheds or in isolated one-story premises of ground garages,

3.4. Premises for storing vehicles Question 235. What should be the height of the premises and gates from the floor to the bottom of the protruding structures and hanging equipment? Answer. Must exceed by at least 0.2 m highest altitude ATS and must be at least 2.0 m (p.

4.3. Open areas for the storage of vehicles Question 295. Where should open areas for the storage of vehicles be located? Answer. Should be located separately from buildings and structures at a distance established by the current regulations, depending

4.4. Temporary parking of motor vehicles Question 299. What requirements must meet the temporary parking of automatic telephone exchanges in the field? Answer. Must meet the following requirements: for parking, areas cleared of stubble, dry grass and deadwood should be allocated,

6.4. Requirements for the conversion of motor vehicles to run on gas fuel Question 345. What must be done when preparing a vehicle for the installation of gas-balloon equipment? Answer. It is necessary to perform: wash the vehicle (engine compartment, cab, frame, etc.); drain

GOST R 51709-2001. Safety requirements for technical condition and verification methods

STATE STANDARD OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

Vehicles

SAFETY REQUIREMENTS TO THE TECHNICAL CONDITION AND METHODS OF VERIFICATION

GOST R 51709-2001

Introduction date 2002.01.01

1 area of ​​use.

This standard applies to cars, buses, trucks, trailers and semi-trailers (hereinafter referred to as motor vehicles) operated on roads.

The standard states:

safety requirements for technical condition motor vehicles (ATS);

extremely allowed values parameters of the technical condition of vehicles that affect road safety and the state environment;

• methods for checking the technical condition of automatic telephone exchanges in operation.

The standard does not apply to vehicles, the maximum speed of which, set by the manufacturer, does not exceed 25 km / h, and to off-road vehicles.

Requirements 4.1.1-4.1.7, 4.1.13, 4.1.19, 4.1.21 do not apply to heavy trucks.

The standard should be applied when checking the technical condition of operated automatic telephone exchanges according to safety criteria.

The requirements of the standard are mandatory and are aimed at ensuring road safety, life and health of people, safety of their property and environmental protection.

The technical condition of the automatic telephone exchange may be subject to additional requirements established by the relevant regulatory documents.

Registered vehicles, in the design of which (including the design of components and items additional equipment) there have been changes that affect road safety, check in accordance with the procedures approved in the prescribed manner.

• GOST 17.2.2.03-87 Nature protection. Atmosphere, Standards and methods for measuring the content of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons in the exhaust gases of vehicles with gasoline engines. Safety requirements.
• GOST R 17.2.02.06-99 Nature protection. Atmosphere. Norms and methods for measuring the content of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons in exhaust gases LPG vehicles.
• GOST 5727-88 Safety glass for land transport. General specifications.
• GOST 8769-75 External lighting devices for vehicles, buses, trolleybuses, tractors, trailers and semi-trailers. Quantity, location, color, visibility angles.
• GOST 9921-81 Manual tire pressure gauges. General specifications.
• GOST 21393-75 Vehicles with diesel engines. Exhaust smoke. Norms and methods of measurements. Safety requirements.
• GOST 27902-88 Safety glass for cars, tractors and agricultural machines. Determination of optical properties.
• GOST R 50574-93 Automobiles, buses and motorcycles of special and operational services. Color schemes, identification marks, inscriptions, special light and sound signals. General requirements.
• GOST R 50577-93 Signs of state registration vehicles. Types and basic dimensions. Technical requirements.
• GOST R 51253-99 Vehicles. Color graphic schemes for the placement of reflective markings. Technical requirements.

3. Definitions.

In this standard, the following terms are used with their respective definitions:

3.1 road train: Vehicle consisting of a tractor unit and a semi-trailer or trailer(s) connected by a drawbar(s)

3.2 anti-lock braking system: Brake system ATS with automatic control during braking of the degree of slippage of the wheels of the vehicle in the direction of their rotation.

3.3 : The time interval from the start of braking to the moment at which the deceleration of the vehicle takes on a steady value during checks on the road (indicated by tav in Appendix B), or until the moment at which the braking force during tests on the stands either takes on a maximum value, or the wheel of the vehicle locks on the rollers of the stand. When checking on the stands, the response time is measured for each of the wheels of the vehicle.

3.4 delay time of the braking system: The time interval from the start of deceleration to the moment deceleration (braking force) occurs. Labeled τ c in appendix B.

3.5 deceleration rise time: The time interval of monotonous growth of the deceleration until the moment at which the deceleration takes a steady value. Labeled τ in appendix B.

3.6 auxiliary braking system: Brake system designed to reduce the energy load of the brake mechanisms of the working brake system of the vehicle.

3.7 rear protective device: Part of the design of vehicles of categories N2, N3, O3 and O4, designed to protect against falling under them cars of categories Ml and N1 when hit from behind.

3.8 spare brake system: Brake system designed to reduce vehicle speed in case of failure of the service brake system.

3.9 good condition of automatic telephone exchange: Condition that meets all the requirements of regulatory documents for the design and technical condition of the automatic telephone exchange.

3.10 change in the design of the automatic telephone exchange: Exclusion of components and items of equipment provided for or installation not provided for by the design of the automatic telephone exchange, affecting its safety characteristics.

3.12 rearview mirror class: Type of mirrors characterized by one of the following combinations of characteristics and functions: class 1 - internal rear-view mirrors are flat or spherical; class 2 - the main external rear-view mirrors are spherical; class 3 - the main external rear-view mirrors are flat or spherical (a smaller radius of curvature is allowed than for class 2 mirrors); class 4 - wide-angle external rear-view mirrors spherical; class 5 - external side-view mirrors are spherical.

The class of the mirror is indicated on the markings on the certified rear-view mirrors in Roman numerals.

3.13 wheel brakes mechanisms: Devices designed to create artificial resistance to the movement of the vehicle due to friction between the rotating and stationary parts of the wheel.

3.14 deceleration end: The point in time at which the artificial resistance to the movement of the vehicle disappeared or it stopped. Marked with a dot TO in appendix B.

3.15 contour marking of automatic telephone exchange: A series of strips of reflective material intended to be applied to a vehicle to indicate its dimensions (outlines) on the side (side marking) and on the back (rear marking).

3.16 traffic corridor: Part of the supporting surface, the right and left boundaries of which are marked so that during the movement the horizontal projection of the vehicle onto the plane of the supporting surface does not cross them with a single point.

3.17 place of fastening of seat belts: Part of the body structure (cabin) or any other part of the vehicle (for example, the seat frame) to which the seat belt is attached.

3.18 start of braking: The point in time at which the brake system receives a signal to apply braking. Marked with a dot H in appendix B.

3.19 initial braking speed - vehicle speed at the start of braking.

3.20 neutral position of the steering wheel (steered wheels): The position corresponding to the rectilinear movement of the vehicle in the absence of disturbing influences.

3.21 brake system control: A set of devices designed to give a signal to start braking and to control the energy coming from an energy source or accumulator to brake mechanisms.

3.22 sensory check: A test performed with the senses of a qualified person without the use of measuring instruments.

3.23 reference axis: The line of intersection of planes passing through the center of the diffuser of the lighting device parallel to the longitudinal central plane of the vehicle and the supporting surface.

3.24 full braking: Braking, as a result of which the vehicle stops.

3.25 longitudinal central plane of the vehicle: A plane perpendicular to the plane of the supporting surface and passing through the middle of the vehicle track.

3.26 permitted maximum mass: The maximum weight of the equipped vehicle with cargo (passengers), set by the manufacturer as the maximum allowable according to the operational documentation.

3.27 operability of automatic telephone exchange and its parts: The state in which the values ​​of the parameters characterizing the ability of the vehicle to perform transport work comply with the requirements of regulatory documents.

3.28 working brake system: Brake system designed to reduce vehicle speed.

3.29 retro-reflective marking material: A surface or device from which, in the presence of radiation, a relatively significant portion of the light rays of the original radiation is reflected in its direction.

3.30 equipped state of automatic telephone exchange: The state of the vehicle without cargo (passengers) with filled containers of power supply, cooling and lubrication systems, with a set of tools and accessories (including a spare wheel) provided by the manufacturer of the vehicle in accordance with the operational documentation.

3.31 components and items of equipment of automatic telephone exchange: Units, components and parts installed and (or) used in the design of the automatic telephone exchange, which are subject to requirements regulated by regulatory documents.

3.32 parking brake system: A braking system designed to hold the vehicle stationary.

3.33 total play in steering: The angle of rotation of the steering wheel from the position corresponding to the beginning of the turn of the steered wheels of the vehicle in one direction, to the position corresponding to the beginning of their turn in the opposite direction.

3.34 technical condition of automatic telephone exchange: The set of properties subject to change during operation and the parameters of the automatic telephone exchange established by regulatory documents, which determines the possibility of its use for its intended purpose.

3.35 braking: The process of creating and changing artificial resistance to the movement of the vehicle.

3.36 braking force: The reaction of the supporting surface on the wheels of the vehicle, causing braking. To assess the technical condition of braking systems, the maximum values ​​of braking forces are used.

3.37 brake system: The set of parts of the vehicle, designed to slow it down when exposed to the control of the brake system.

3.38 brake control: The totality of all braking systems of automatic telephone exchanges.

3.39 brake drive: A set of parts of the brake control designed for the controlled transfer of energy from its source to the brake mechanisms in order to implement braking.

3.40 braking distance: The distance traveled by the vehicle from the start to the end of braking.

3.41 specific braking force: The ratio of the sum of the braking forces on the wheels of the vehicle to the product of the mass of the vehicle and the acceleration of free fall (for a tractor and a trailer or semi-trailer, they are calculated separately).

3.42 steady deceleration: Average deceleration value during deceleration τ Deceleration ramp up time to end of deceleration. Labeled j set to appendix B.

3.43 stability of the vehicle during braking: The ability of the vehicle to move during braking within the corridor of movement.

3.44 headlights types R, HR: High beam headlights.

3.45 headlights types C, HC: Low beam headlights.

3.46 headlights of types CR, HCR: Low beam and high beam headlights.

3.47 type B headlights: Fog lights.

3.48 "cold" brake mechanism: Brake mechanism, the temperature of which, measured on the friction surface of the brake drum or brake disc, less than 100°С.

3.49 emergency braking: Braking to reduce vehicle speed as quickly as possible.

3.50 braking efficiency: A measure of braking that characterizes the ability of the braking system to create the necessary artificial resistance to the movement of the vehicle.

4. Requirements for the technical condition of the automatic telephone exchange.

4.1 Requirements for brake control

4.1.1 The service brake system of the vehicle must ensure that the braking efficiency standards are met on the stands according to Table 1 or in road conditions, Table 2 or 3. The initial braking speed during road tests is 40 km/h. The mass of the vehicle during checks should not exceed the permitted maximum.

Note - The use of indicators of braking efficiency and stability of the vehicle during braking, as well as methods for their verification, are given in 5.1.

4.1.2 Under road conditions, when braking by the service brake system with an initial braking speed of 40 km/h, the vehicle must not leave any of its parts outside the normative traffic corridor 3 m wide.

4.1.3 When checking on the stands, the relative difference in the braking forces of the axle wheels (as a percentage of the largest value) is allowed for vehicles of categories

Ml, M2, MZ and front axles of cars and trailers of categories Nl, N2, N3,02,03,04 no more than 20%, and for semi-trailers and subsequent axles of cars and trailers of categories Nl, N2, N3, O2, O3, O4 - 25%.

4.1.4 When testing the working brake system of trailers and semi-trailers on the stands (with the exception of trailers-dissolutions and semi-trailers with more than three axles), the specific braking force must be at least 0.5 for trailers with two or more axles and not less than 0.45 - for trailers with one (central) axle and semi-trailers.

4.1.5 The parking brake system for a vehicle with a maximum permitted weight must provide a specific braking force of at least 0.16 or a stationary state of the vehicle on a supporting surface with a slope of at least 16%. For vehicles in running order parking brake system

must provide a calculated specific braking force equal to 0.6 of the ratio of the curb weight attributable to the axles affected by the parking brake system to the curb weight, or the stationary state of the vehicle on a surface with a slope of at least 23% for vehicles of categories M1-M3 and not less than 31% for categories N1-N3.

The force applied to the parking brake control to actuate it must be no more than 392 N for vehicles of category Ml and 588 N for vehicles of other categories.

4.1.6 The auxiliary braking system, with the exception of the engine retarder, during checks on the road in the speed range of 25-35 km/h must provide a steady deceleration of at least 0.5 m/s2- for vehicles of the maximum permitted weight and 0.8 m/ c2 - for vehicles in running order, taking into account the mass of the driver. The engine retarder must be operational. 4.1.7 The spare braking system, equipped with a control independent from other braking systems, must ensure compliance with the standards for braking efficiency indicators of the vehicle on the test bench according to table 4, or in road conditions according to table 5 or 6. The initial braking speed at checks on the road - 40 km / h.

4.1.8 It is allowed to drop the air pressure in the pneumatic or pneumohydraulic brake drive with the engine off by no more than 0.05 MPa from the value of the lower limit of regulation by the pressure regulator during:

30 min - at free position control body of the brake system;

15 minutes - after full actuation of the brake system control.

Leaks of compressed air from the wheel brake chambers are not allowed.

4.1.9 For a vehicle with an engine, the pressure at the control terminals of the pneumatic brake actuator receivers with the engine running is allowed from 0.65 to 0.85 MPa, and for trailers (semi-trailers) - not less than 0.48 MPa when connected to the tractor via a single-wire drive and not less than 0.63 MPa - when connected via a two-wire drive.

4.1.10 The presence of visible places of grinding, corrosion, mechanical damage, kinks or leakage of pipelines or connections in the brake actuator, leakage brake fluid, parts in the brake drive with cracks and permanent deformation are not allowed.

4.1.11 The system of signaling and control of brake systems, pressure gauges of the pneumatic and pneumohydraulic brake actuator, the device for fixing the control of the parking brake system must be operational.

4.1.12 Flexible brake hoses transmitting the pressure of compressed air or brake fluid to the wheel brake mechanisms must be connected to each other without additional transition elements (for vehicles manufactured after 01.01.81). The location and length of the flexible brake hoses must ensure the tightness of the connections, taking into account the maximum deformations of the elastic elements of the suspension and the angles of rotation of the wheels of the vehicle. Swelling of hoses under pressure, cracks and the presence of visible chafing spots on them are not allowed.

4.1.13 The location and length of the connecting hoses of the pneumatic brake drive of road trains must exclude their damage during mutual movements of the tractor and trailer (semi-trailer).

4.1.14 The action of the service and reserve brake systems must be adjustable:

a decrease or increase in the braking force must be ensured by acting on the control of the brake system in the entire range of regulation of the braking force;

the braking force must change in the same direction as the impact on the control;

the braking force must be adjusted smoothly and without difficulty.

4.1.15 The pressure at the control output of the brake force regulator as part of the pneumatic brake actuator in the positions of the permitted maximum weight and the equipped state of the vehicle or the tension force of the free end of the regulator spring, equipped with lever connection with the rear axle, as part of the brake hydraulic actuator must correspond to the values ​​\u200b\u200bspecified in the ATC manufacturer's plate or operational documentation.

4.1.16 Vehicles equipped with anti-lock braking systems (ABS), when braking in the equipped state (taking into account the weight of the driver) with an initial speed of at least 40 km/h, must move within the traffic corridor without visible signs of slipping and skidding, and their wheels must not must leave traces of skidding on the road surface until ABS shutdown upon reaching a speed corresponding to the ABS cut-off threshold (no more than 15 km/h). The functioning of the ABS signaling devices must correspond to its good condition.

4.1.17 The free travel of the control device of the inertial brake of trailers of categories 01 and 02 must comply with the requirements established by the manufacturer of the vehicle in the operational documentation.

4.1.18 With the inertia brake drive of category 01 trailers disconnected, the push-in force hitch trailer must be at least 200 N, and category 02 trailers - at least 350 N.

4.2 Steering requirements

4.2.1 The change in effort when turning the steering wheel should be smooth over the entire range of its angle of rotation.

4.2.2 Spontaneous turning of the steering wheel with power steering from the neutral position when the vehicle is stationary and the engine is running is not allowed.

4.2.3 The total steering play must not exceed the limit values ​​specified by the vehicle manufacturer in the operational documentation, or, if such values ​​are not specified by the manufacturer, the following limit values:

• cars and trucks and buses created on the basis of their units .... 10 °
• buses ................................................. ................................................. ........................... 20°
• trucks................................................ ............................................................... ........ 25°

4.2.4 The maximum turn of the steering wheel should be limited only by the devices provided for by the design of the vehicle.

4.2.5. The mobility of the steering column in the planes passing through its axis, the steering wheel in the axial direction, the steering gear housing, steering gear parts relative to each other or the supporting surface is not allowed. Threaded connections must be tightened and secured. Play in the joints of the levers of the rotary pins and the joints of the steering rods is not allowed. Steering column locking device with adjustable position steering wheel must be functional.

4.2.6 The use of parts with traces of residual deformation, cracks and other defects in the steering mechanism and steering gear is not allowed.

4.2.7 Power steering pump drive belt tension and level working fluid in its tank must comply with the requirements established by the manufacturer of the vehicle in the operational documentation. Leakage of working fluid in the booster hydraulic system is not allowed.

4.3 Requirements for external lighting fixtures and reflective markings

4.3.1 The number and color of external lighting devices installed on the vehicle must comply with GOST 8769. Changing the locations of external lighting devices provided by the vehicle manufacturer is not allowed.

4.3.2 It is allowed to install a spotlight or searchlight if it is provided by the manufacturer. It is allowed to install additional brake signals and replace external lighting devices with those used on PBXs of other brands and models.

4.3.3 Signaling devices for switching on light devices located in the cockpit (cabin) must be operational.

4.3.4. Headlamps of types C (HC) and CR (HCR) must be adjusted so that the plane containing the left (from the ATS) part of the cut-off boundary of the passing beam is located as specified in Figure 1 and Table 7 distance values L from the optical center of the headlight to the screen, height H installation of the headlight in the center of the diffusers above the plane of the working platform and the angle a of the light beam inclination to the horizontal plane, or the distance R on the screen from the projection of the center of the headlight to the light boundary of the beam of light and distances L And H.4.3.5 The luminous intensity of each of the C (HC) and CR (HCR) headlamps in the “dipped beam” mode, measured in a vertical plane passing through the reference axis, shall not exceed 750 cd in the direction 34" upwards from the position of the left part of the cut-off line and at least 1600 cd in the direction 52" down from the position of the left part of the cut-off line.

4.3.6. R (HR) headlamps shall be adjusted so that the angle of inclination of the brightest (central) part of the light beam in the vertical plane is in the range of 0...34" down from the reference axis. In this case, the vertical plane of symmetry of the brightest part of the light beam beam must pass through the reference axis.

4.3.7. The luminous intensity of CR (HCR) headlamps in the “driving beam” mode should be measured in the direction of 34" upwards from the position of the left part of the cut-off line of the “dipped beam” mode in a vertical plane passing through the reference axis.

4.3.8. The luminous intensity of type R (HR) headlamps shall be measured at the center of the brightest part of the beam.

4.3.9 The luminous intensity of all headlights of types R (HR) and CR (HCR) located on one side of the vehicle, in the “driving beam” mode, must be at least 10,000 cd, and the total luminous intensity of all headlights of the specified typical must be more than 225,000 cd.

4.3.10. Fog lamps (type B) shall be adjusted so that the plane containing the upper cut-off of the beam is located as indicated in table 8.

In this case, the upper cut-off boundary of the fog lamp beam must be parallel to the plane of the working platform on which the automatic telephone exchange is installed.

4.3.11. The luminous intensity of fog lamps, measured in a vertical plane passing through the reference axis, must be not more than 625 cd in the direction of 3 ° up from the position of the upper cut-off limit and not less than 1000 cd in the direction of 3 ° down from the position of the upper cut-off limit. 4.3.12 Fog lamps must be switched on when the parking lights regardless of whether the high and/or low beam headlights are on. 4.3.13 The luminous intensity of each of the signal lights (lanterns) in the direction of the reference axis must be within the limits specified in Table 9. 4.3.14 The luminous intensity of paired symmetrically located on different sides of the vehicle (front or rear) lights of the same functional purpose should not differ more than twice.

4.3.15 Marking, contour lights, as well as the identification sign of the road train must work in a constant mode.

4.3.16. Brake signals (primary and secondary) must be switched on when the brake system controls are actuated and operate continuously.

4.3.17 Lantern reversing should turn on when the reverse gear is engaged and work in a constant mode.

4.3.18 Direction indicators and side indicator repeaters must be operational. The flashing frequency shall be within (90 ± 30) flashes per minute or (1.5 ± 0.5) Hz.

4.3.19 The emergency signaling shall ensure the synchronous activation of all direction indicators and side repeaters in flashing mode.

4.3.20 The rear license plate illumination lamp must be switched on simultaneously with the marker lights and operate continuously.

4.3.21 Rear Fog lights should only be switched on when the high or low beam headlights or fog lamps are on and work in a constant mode.

4.3.22 Reflective markings in accordance with GOST R 51253 must be applied to the vehicle. Damage and delamination of reflective markings are not allowed.

4.4 Requirements for windshield wipers and washers

4.4.1 The vehicle must be equipped with windshield wipers and windshield washers windshield.

4.4.2 The frequency of movement of the brushes on wet glass in the mode of maximum speed of the wipers must be at least 35 double strokes per minute.

4.4.3 Windshield washers must provide liquid supply to the glass cleaning areas.

4.5 Tire and wheel requirements

4.5.1 The height of the tire tread pattern must be at least:

• for passenger cars -1.6 mm;
• for trucks - 1.0 mm;
• for buses - 2.0 mm;
• for trailers and semi-trailers - the same as for the tractors with which they work. The tire is not suitable for use when:
• the presence of a section of the treadmill with dimensions specified in 5.5.1.1, the height of the tread pattern along the entire length of which is less than the specified standard;
• the appearance of one wear indicator (a protrusion along the bottom of the groove of the treadmill, the height of which corresponds to the minimum allowable height of the tire tread pattern) with uniform wear or two indicators in each of the two sections with uneven wear of the treadmill.

4.5.2 Twin wheels should be mounted so that the valve holes in the rims are aligned to allow air pressure measurement and tire inflation. It is not allowed to replace spools with plugs, plugs and other devices.

4.5.3 Local tire damage (punctures, swelling, through and non-through cuts), which expose the cord, as well as local delamination of the tread are not allowed.

4.5.4 Vehicles must be equipped with tires in accordance with the manufacturer's requirements in accordance with the manufacturer's operational documentation or the Rules for the operation of automobile tires.

4.5.5 Passenger cars and buses of class I* may use tires retreaded according to class I**, and on their rear axles, in addition, retreaded according to classes II and D**.

Tires retreaded to class I** are allowed on the middle and rear axles of buses of classes II and III*. The installation of retreaded tires on the front axles of these buses is not permitted.

On all axles of trucks, trailers and semi-trailers, it is allowed to use tires retreaded according to classes I, II, III **, and on their rear axles, in addition, also according to class D **.

On rear axle passenger cars and buses of classes I, II, III*, middle and rear axles of trucks, on any axles of trailers and semi-trailers it is allowed to use tires with repaired local damages and a tread pattern deepened by cutting.

4.5.6 The absence of at least one bolt or nut for fastening disks and wheel rims, as well as loosening of their tightening, is not allowed.

4.5.7 Cracks on disks and wheel rims are not allowed.

4.5.8 Visible violations of the shape and size of the mounting holes in the wheel disks are not allowed.

* Definition of bus classes - according to Appendix A

** Definition of tire retreading classes according to the Rules for the operation of automobile tires.

4.6 Requirements for the engine and its systems

4.6.1 The maximum permissible content of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons in the exhaust gases of vehicles with gasoline engines - according to GOST 17.2.2.03.

4.6.2 The maximum allowable smoke level of the exhaust gases of vehicles with diesel engines is in accordance with GOST 21393.

4.6.3 The maximum allowable content of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons in the exhaust gases of gas-balloon vehicles - according to GOST 17.2.02.06.

4.6.4 Fuel leaks in the power supply system of gasoline engines and diesel engines are not allowed. Fuel tank shut-off devices and fuel shut-off devices must be operational. Fuel tank caps must be fixed in the closed position; damage to the sealing elements of the caps is not allowed.

4.6.5 The gas supply system of gas-balloon automatic telephone exchanges must be airtight. It is not allowed to use cylinders with an expired period of their periodic examination on gas-balloon automatic telephone exchanges.

4.6.6 There should be no leaks in the connections and elements of the exhaust gas system, and for vehicles equipped with exhaust gas converters, leakage into the atmosphere bypassing the converter is not allowed.

4.6.7 Disconnection of tubes in the engine crankcase ventilation system is not allowed.

4.7 Requirements for other structural elements

4.7.1 The vehicle must be equipped with rear-view mirrors according to Table 10, as well as glasses, a sound signal and sun visors.

4.7.2 The presence of cracks on the windshields of the vehicle in the zone of cleaning the half of the glass with a wiper, located on the driver's side, is not allowed.

4.7.3 It is not allowed to have additional items or coatings that restrict visibility from the driver's seat (with the exception of rear-view mirrors, parts of windshield wipers, external and applied or built-in radio antennas, heating elements windshield defrosters and dehumidifiers).

In the upper part of the windshield, it is allowed to mount a strip of a transparent colored film with a width of not more than 140 mm, and on vehicles of categories M3, N2, N3 - with a width not exceeding the minimum distance between the upper edge of the windshield and the upper boundary of its cleaning zone with a wiper. The light transmission of glasses, including those covered with transparent colored films, must comply with GOST 5727.

Notes:

1. In the presence of blinds and curtains on rear windows passenger cars need exterior mirrors on both sides.
2. Curtains are allowed on the side and rear windows of Class 1P buses.

4.7.4 Body or cab door locks, loading platform side locks, tank neck locks, adjustment mechanisms and locking devices for driver and passenger seats, horn, windshield heating and blowing device, anti-theft device provided by the vehicle manufacturer, emergency door switch and demand signal bus stops, emergency exits the bus and the devices for bringing them into action, the interior lighting devices of the passenger compartment of the bus, the door control drive and the signaling of their operation must be operational.

The locks of the side hinged doors of the PBX must be operable and fixed in two locking positions: intermediate and final.

4.7.5 Emergency exits in buses must be marked and have signs on the rules for their use. Bus interior equipment is not allowed additional elements structures that restrict free access to emergency exits.

4.7.6 Means for measuring speed (speedometers) and distance traveled must be operational. Tachographs must be operational, metrologically verified in accordance with the established procedure and sealed.

4.7.7 Loosening of bolted connections and destruction of suspension parts and driveline ATS are not allowed.

The lever of the floor level regulator (body) of the automatic telephone exchange with air suspension in the equipped state must be in a horizontal position. The pressure at the control output of the floor level regulator for vehicles with air suspension, manufactured after 01/01/97, must correspond to that indicated on the manufacturer's plate.

4.7.8 On vehicles of categories N2, N3 and 02-04, dismantling of the rear protective device (RPD) installed by the manufacturer is not allowed. The length of the rear axle must not exceed the length of the rear axle and not be shorter than it by more than 100 mm on each side.

4.7.9 Deformations of the front and rear bumpers of cars, buses and trucks, in which the radius of curvature of the protruding parts of the bumper (with the exception of parts made of non-metallic elastic materials) is less than 5 mm, is not allowed.

4.7.10 Visible damage, short circuits and traces of insulation breakdown of electrical wires are not allowed.

4.7.11 The lock of the fifth wheel coupling of semitrailer tractors must close automatically after coupling. Manual and automatic locking of the fifth wheel coupling must prevent spontaneous disengagement of the tractor and semi-trailer. Cracks and local destruction of parts of coupling devices are not allowed.

Trailers must be equipped with safety chains (cables) that must be in good working order. The length of the safety chains (cables) must prevent contact of the drawbar coupling loop with the road surface and at the same time ensure the control of the trailer in the event of a breakage (breakage) of the towing device. Safety chains (cables) must not be attached to parts of the towing device or parts of its fastening.

Trailers (except single-axle trailers and trailers) must be equipped with a device that maintains the drawbar coupling loop in a position that facilitates coupling and uncoupling from a traction vehicle.

Longitudinal play in backlash-free towing devices with a towing fork for a tractor coupled to a trailer is not allowed.

Traction coupling devices of passenger cars must provide backlash-free coupling of crackers of the locking device with the ball. Spontaneous release is not allowed.

4.7.12 The front towing devices of the vehicle (with the exception of trailers and semi-trailers) equipped with these devices must be operational.

4.7.13 Diameter of king pin of semi-trailer coupling devices permitted maximum weight up to 40 tons should be in the range from the nominal, equal to 50.9 mm, to the maximum allowable, which is 48.3 mm, and the largest inner diameter of the working surfaces of the hitch grips should be from 50.8 mm to 55 mm.

The diameter in the longitudinal plane of the throat of the traction hook of the hook-and-loop system of the tractor-tractor trucks must be in the range from the minimum, which is 48.0 mm, to the maximum allowable, equal to 53.0 mm, and the smallest diameter of the section of the bar of the coupling loop - from 43.9 mm to 36 mm.

The diameter of the kingpin of backlash-free towing devices with a traction fork must be in the range from the nominal, which is 38.5 mm, to the maximum allowable, equal to 36.4 mm.

The diameter of the ball of the towing device of cars must be in the range from the nominal, equal to 50.0 mm, to the maximum allowable, which is 49.6 mm.

4.7.14 ATS must be equipped with seat belts in accordance with the requirements of operational documents.

Do not use seat belts with the following defects:

tear on the strap, visible to the naked eye;

the lock does not fix the “tongue” of the strap or does not throw it out after pressing the button of the locking device;

the strap does not pull out or does not retract into the retractor (reel);

when the belt strap is suddenly pulled out, it is not ensured that it is stopped (blocked) from being pulled out of the retractor (spool) equipped with a double strap locking mechanism.

4.7.15 ATS must be equipped with a first aid kit, a sign emergency stop(or a flashing red light), and automatic telephone exchanges of categories M3, N2, N3, in addition, also with wheel chocks (at least two). Cars and trucks must be equipped with at least one fire extinguisher, and buses and trucks designed to transport people - two, one of which must be located in the driver's cab, and the second - in the passenger compartment (body). The use of fire extinguishers without seals and (or) with expired expiration dates is not allowed. The first aid kit must be stocked with suitable medicines.

4.7.16 Handrails in buses, a spare wheel, batteries, seats, as well as fire extinguishers and a first-aid kit on vehicles equipped with devices for their fastening, must be securely fixed in the places provided for by the design of the vehicle.

4.7.17 On vehicles equipped with mechanisms for longitudinal adjustment of the position of the cushion and the angle of inclination of the seatback or a mechanism for moving the seat (for boarding and disembarking passengers), these mechanisms must be operational. Upon termination of regulation or use, these mechanisms should be automatically blocked.

4.7.18 The height of the headrest from the seat cushion in the free (uncompressed) state, on vehicles manufactured after 01/01/99 and equipped with non-adjustable headrests, must be at least 800 mm, the height of the adjustable headrest in the middle position is (800 ± 5) mm . For automatic telephone exchanges manufactured before 01.01.99, the indicated value may be reduced to (750 ± 5) mm.

4.7.19 ATS must be equipped with over-wheel mud protection devices provided for by the design. The width of these devices must not be less than the width of the tires used.

4.7.20 The vertical static load on the traction device of the car from the coupling loop of a single-axle trailer (dissolution trailer) in the equipped state should not exceed 490 N. If the vertical static load from the trailer coupling loop is more than 490 N, the front support leg must be equipped with a lifting mechanism - lowering, ensuring the installation of the coupling loop in the position of the coupling (uncoupling) of the trailer with the tractor.

4.7.21 The spare wheel holder, winch and spare wheel lifting/lowering mechanism must be operational. The ratchet device of the winch must clearly fix the drum with the fastening rope.

4.7.22 Semi-trailers must be equipped with a supporting device, which must be operable. Fasteners transport position supports designed to prevent their spontaneous lowering during the movement of the vehicle must be operational. The mechanisms for lifting and lowering the supports must be operable. The ratchet device of the winches for lifting and lowering the supports must clearly fix the drum with the fastening rope, preventing it from sagging.

4.7.23 Dropping of oils and working fluids from the engine, gearbox, final drives, rear axle, clutch, battery, cooling and air conditioning systems and hydraulic devices additionally installed on the vehicle is not allowed.

4.7.24 Equipment of automatic telephone exchanges with special light and (or) sound signals, application of special color graphic coloring in accordance with GOST R 50574 is not allowed without appropriate permission.

4.7.25 Color graphic color schemes for vehicles of operational and special services, special light and sound signals must comply with GOST R 50574.

4.7.26 Placement of special light signals not on the roof of the body (cabin) of the vehicle is not allowed.

4.8 Marking requirements for vehicles

4.8.1 ATS manufactured after 01/01/2000 must be marked, the content and location of which must comply with the requirements of regulatory documents.

4.8.2 State registration marks on the automatic telephone exchange must be installed and fixed in the places provided in accordance with GOST R 50577.

4.8.3 For vehicles equipped with a gas supply system, on the outer surface gas cylinders their passport data, including the dates of the current and subsequent examination, must be applied.

5. Methods of verification.

5.1 Brake control test methods

5.1.1 Characteristics of methods for testing brake control.

5.1.1.1 The braking efficiency and stability of the vehicle during braking are checked on stands or on the road.

5.1.1.2 The working and spare brake systems are checked for braking efficiency and stability of the vehicle during braking, and the parking and auxiliary brake systems are checked for braking efficiency. The use of indicators and methods for checking the braking efficiency and stability of the vehicle when braking by various braking systems is summarized in Appendix B.

5.1.1.3 Measuring instruments used during verification must be operational and metrologically verified. The measurement error should not exceed when determining:

braking distance ±5.0%

initial braking speed ±1.0 km/h

braking force ±3.0%

effort on the control element ±7.0%

brake response time ±0.03 s

delay time of the brake system ±0.03 s

deceleration ramp time ±0.03 s

steady-state deceleration ±4.0%

air pressure in pneumatic or pneumohydraulic brake actuator +5.0%

pushing force of trailer hitch equipped with inertial brake +5.0%

longitudinal slope of the platform for braking ± 1.0%

vehicle weight ±3.0%

Note - The requirement for the error in measuring the stopping distance does not apply to the calculated determination of this indicator according to Appendix D.

5.1.1.4 It is allowed to check the indicators of braking efficiency and vehicle stability during braking by methods and methods equivalent to those established by this standard, if they are regulated by regulatory documents.

5.1.2 Conditions for checking the technical condition of the brake control

5.1.2.1 Vehicles are tested with “cold” brake mechanisms.

5.1.2.2 The tires of the vehicle being tested on the stand must be clean, dry, and the pressure in them must comply with the standard established by the manufacturer of the vehicle in the operational documentation. The pressure is checked in completely cooled tires using pressure gauges that comply with GOST 9921.

5.1.2.3 Tests on the stands and on the road (except for checking the auxiliary brake system) are carried out with the engine running and disconnected from the transmission, as well as the drives of the additional drive axles and unlocked transmission differentials (if these units are available in the vehicle design).

5.1.2.4 The indicators according to 4.1.1, 4.1.3-4.1.5 are checked on a roller stand for checking brake systems, if there are categories on the front seat of the vehicle

MliN1 driver and passenger. The force of action on the control of the brake system is increased to the value provided for in 4.1.1 or 4.1.5, or 4.1.7, during the actuation time according to the manual (instruction) for the operation of the stand.

5.1.2.5 Wear of the rollers of the stand until the corrugated surface is completely erased or the abrasive coating of the rollers is destroyed is not allowed.

5.1.2.6 Checks in road conditions are carried out on a straight, level, horizontal, dry, clean road with a cement or asphalt concrete surface. Braking by the service brake system is carried out in the emergency full braking mode by a single impact on the control. The time of full actuation of the brake system control shall not exceed 0.2 s.

5.1.2.7 Correction of the trajectory of the vehicle during braking during checks of the service brake system in road conditions is not allowed (if this is not required by the safety of the checks). If such an adjustment has been made, then the results of the check are not taken into account.

5.1.2.8 total weight technical means of diagnostics used during checks on the road, should not exceed 25 kg.

5.1.2.9 Vehicles equipped with ABS are checked under the road conditions specified in 5.1.2.6.

5.1.2.10 When carrying out checks of the technical condition on the stands and on the road, the safety regulations for work and the manuals (instructions) for the operation of the roller stand must be observed.

5.1.3 Checking the service brake system

5.1.3.1 For testing on the stands, the automatic telephone exchange is sequentially installed with the wheels of each of the axles on the rollers of the stand. Disconnect the engine from the transmission, additional drive axles and unlock the transmission differentials, start the engine and set the minimum stable speed of the crankshaft. Measurements are carried out according to the manual (instruction) for the operation of the roller stand. For roller stands that do not provide measurement of the mass attributable to the wheels of the vehicle, use weight measuring devices or reference data on the mass of the vehicle. Measurements and registration of indicators on the stand are performed for each axle of the vehicle and the indicators of the specific braking force and the relative difference in the braking forces of the axle wheels are calculated according to 4.1.1, 4.1.3, 4.1.4.

5.1.3.2 For road trains, when checking on the stands, the values ​​of the specific braking force must be determined separately for the tractor and trailer (semi-trailer) equipped with brake control. The obtained values ​​are compared with the standards for vehicles with an engine according to 4.1.1, and for trailers and semi-trailers - according to 4.1.4.

5.1.3.3 When checking the vehicle braking efficiency on the road without measuring the braking distance, it is allowed to directly measure the indicators of steady-state deceleration and the response time of the brake system or calculate the braking distance according to the method specified in Appendix D, based on the results of measuring steady-state deceleration, the delay time of the brake system and deceleration rise time at a given initial deceleration rate.

5.1.3.4 When checking on the benches, the relative difference in braking forces is calculated according to Appendix D and the obtained value is compared with the maximum allowable ones according to 4.1.3. Measurements and calculations are repeated for the wheels of each axle of the vehicle.

5.1.3.5 The stability of the vehicle during braking in road conditions is checked by performing braking within the normative traffic corridor. The axis, right and left boundaries of the traffic corridor are previously marked with parallel markings on the road surface. Before braking, the vehicle must move in a straight line with a set initial speed along the axis of the corridor. The exit of the vehicle by any part of it outside the normative traffic corridor is established visually by the position of the projection of the vehicle on the supporting surface or by the device for checking brake systems in road conditions when the measured value of the displacement of the vehicle in the transverse direction exceeds half the difference in the width of the normative traffic corridor and the maximum width of the vehicle.

5.1.3.6 When checking on the road the effectiveness of braking by the service brake system and the stability of the vehicle during braking, deviations of the initial braking speed from the value specified in 4.1.1, 4.1.2 are allowed no more than ±4 km/h. At the same time, the braking distance standards must be recalculated according to the method described in Appendix D.

5.1.3.7 Based on the results of the checks performed on the road or on the benches, the indicators specified in 5.1.3.3, 5.1.3.5 or 5.1.3.1, 5.1.3.2, 5.1.3.4, respectively, are calculated using the methodology described in Appendix D. ATS is considered to have passed the test of braking efficiency and stability during braking by the service brake system, if the calculated values ​​of these indicators correspond to the standards given in 4.1.1-4.1.4. For vehicles that are not equipped with ABS, instead of meeting the specific braking force of the standards 4.1.1, it is allowed to block all wheels of the vehicle on the rollers of the stand.

5.1.4 Checking the parking and emergency brake system

5.1.4.1 Checking the parking brake system in road conditions is carried out by placing the vehicle on a support surface with a slope equal to the standard one specified in 4.1.5, braking the vehicle by the service brake system, and then by the parking brake system with simultaneous measurement of the force applied to the parking brake control by a dynamometer. brake system, and subsequent disabling of the service brake system. When checking, the possibility of ensuring a stationary state of the vehicle under the influence of the parking brake system is determined for at least 1 min.

5.1.4.2 Checking on the stand is carried out by alternately bringing the stand rollers into rotation and braking the wheels of the axle of the vehicle, which is affected by the parking brake system. The force according to 4.1.5 is applied to the parking brake control, controlling it with an error not exceeding that specified in 5.1.1.3. Based on the results of the check, similarly to that set out in 5.1.3.1, the specific braking force is calculated according to the method described in Appendix D, taking into account the notes to Table A.1 of Appendix A, and the obtained value is compared with the standard value calculated according to 4.1.5. The vehicle is considered to have passed the test of braking efficiency by the parking brake system if the specific braking force is not less than the calculated normative force or if the wheels of the axle under test are blocked on the rollers of the stand according to 4.1.5.

5.1.4.3 The requirements of 4.1.7 are checked on benches by the methods specified for testing the service brake system in 5.1.2.1-5.1.2.4, 5.1.2.9, 5.1.3.1,5.1.3.2,5.1.3.7.

5.1.5 Checking the auxiliary brake system

5.1.5.1. The auxiliary braking system shall be checked on the road by actuating it and measuring the deceleration of the vehicle during braking in the speed range specified in 4.1.6. At the same time, a gear must be engaged in the automatic telephone exchange transmission, excluding the excess of the maximum permissible engine crankshaft speed.

5.1.5.2. A measure of the braking performance of the auxiliary braking system under road conditions is the steady-state deceleration value. The vehicle is considered to have passed the test of the effectiveness of braking by the auxiliary braking system, if the steady-state deceleration corresponds to the standard one according to 4.1.6. 5.1.6 Checking components and parts of brake systems 5.1.6.1 The requirements of 4.1.8, 4.1.9 and 4.1.15 are checked using pressure gauges or electronic meters connected to control leads or connecting heads of the brake drive of a stationary tractor and trailer. When using pressure drop meters with smaller measurement errors, it is allowed to correct the standards for the measurement period and the values ​​of the maximum allowable air pressure drop in the brake actuator according to the procedure described in Appendix E. When checking the requirement 4.1.15 to the value of the tension force of the brake force regulator spring, use a dynamometer. Leaks in wheel brake chambers are detected using an electronic compressed air leak detector or organoleptically.

5.1.6.2 The requirements of 4.1.10, 4.1.12-4.1.13 are checked visually on a stationary exchange.

5.1.6.3 The requirements of 4.1.11 are checked on a stationary vehicle with the engine running by visual observation of the working functioning of the units being tested.

5.1.6.4 The requirements of 4.1.14 are checked on stands or in road conditions in the process of checking the braking efficiency and stability of the vehicle when braking by the service brake system according to 5.1.3 without performing additional braking by observing the nature of the change in the braking forces or the deceleration of the vehicle when the impact on the control of the brake system.

5.1.6.5 The requirements of 4.1.16 are checked on the road by pre-accelerating the vehicle, controlling the speed, performing emergency braking and observing wheel braking marks, as well as visually monitoring the functioning of the ABS signaling devices in all modes of its operation.

5.1.6.6 The requirements of 4.1.17 are checked using a ruler.

5.1.6.7 The requirements of 4.1.18 are checked by disconnecting the brake inertial-mechanical drive rod from the control device and applying force to the coupling head using a compression dynamometer with an error not exceeding that specified in 5.1.1.3.

5.2 Steering test methods

5.2.1 The requirements of 4.2.1, 4.2.4 are checked on a stationary vehicle with the engine running by alternately turning the steering wheel to maximum angle to each side.

5.2.2 Requirement 4.2.2 is checked by observing the position of the steering wheel on a stationary vehicle with power steering after setting the steering wheel to a position approximately corresponding to rectilinear movement and starting the engine.

5.2.3 Requirement 4.2.3 is checked on a stationary vehicle using instruments for determining the total backlash in the steering, fixing the angle of rotation of the steering wheel and the start of rotation of the steered wheels.

5.2.3.1 The steered wheels must first be brought into a position approximately corresponding to straight-line movement, and the engine of the vehicle equipped with power steering must be running.

5.2.3.2 The steering wheel is turned to the position corresponding to the beginning of the turn of the steered wheels of the vehicle in one direction, and then to the other side to the position corresponding to the beginning of the turn of the steered wheels in the opposite direction. In this case, the angle between the indicated extreme positions of the steering wheel is measured, which is the total play in the steering.

5.2.3.3 The maximum measurement error of the total backlash is allowed no more than 1°. The automatic telephone exchange is considered to have passed the test if the total backlash does not exceed the standards according to 4.2.3.

5.2.4 The requirements of 4.2.5 are checked organoleptically on a stationary vehicle with the engine off by applying loads to the steering units and tapping the threaded connections.

5.2.4.1 Axial movement and swing of the steering wheel, swing of the steering column is carried out by applying alternating forces to the steering wheel in the direction of the axis of the steering shaft and in the plane of the steering wheel perpendicular to the column, as well as alternating moments of forces in two mutually perpendicular planes passing through the axis of the steering column .

5.2.4.2 Mutual movements of the steering gear parts, fastening of the steering gear housing and pivot pin levers are checked by turning the steering wheel relative to the neutral position by 40°-60° in each direction and applying an alternating force directly to the steering gear parts. For a visual assessment of the state of the hinge joints, stands are used to check the steering gear.

5.2.4.3 The operability of the device for fixing the position of the steering column is checked by actuating it and then rocking the steering column in its fixed position by applying alternating forces to the steering wheel in the plane of the steering wheel perpendicular to the column in mutually perpendicular planes passing through the axis of the steering column.

5.2.5 The requirements of 4.2.6 are checked visually on a stationary exchange.

5.2.6 The requirements of 4.2.7 are checked by measuring the tension of the power steering pump drive belt on a stationary vehicle using special devices for simultaneous control of force and displacement or using a ruler and a dynamometer with a maximum error of not more than 7%.

5.3 Test methods for external lighting fixtures and retro-reflective markings

5.3.1 The requirements of 4.3.1, 4.3.3, 4.3.12, 4.3.15 - 4.3.17, 4.3.19 - 4.3.21 are checked visually, including when turning on and off the lighting devices.

5.3.2 Requirements 4.3.2, 4.3.22 are checked visually.

5.3.3 The requirements of 4.3.4-4.3.11, 4.3.13, 4.3.14 are checked with the vehicle engine off at a special post equipped with a working platform, a flat screen with a matte finish, a light meter with a photodetector (protected from extraneous light) and a device orienting the relative position of the PBX and the screen. The requirements of 4.3.4, 4.3.6, 4.3.10 are checked on a vehicle in running order (except for a vehicle of category Ml), and on a vehicle of category Ml - with a load (70 ± 20) kg on the driver's seat (person or load).

5.3.3.1 The dimensions of the working platform, when placing the vehicle on it, should provide a distance of at least 5 m between the diffuser of the vehicle's light device and the screen along the reference axis. Unevenness of the working platform is allowed no more than 3 mm per 1 m.

5.3.3.2 The angle between the plane of the screen and the working platform shall be (90 ± 3)°.

5.3.3.3 The orienting device must ensure the installation of the vehicle in such a way that the reference axis of the light device is parallel to the plane of the working platform and is in a plane perpendicular to the planes of the screen and the working platform with an error of not more than ± 0.5 °.

5.3.3.4 The layout of the screen shall ensure verification of the requirements of 4.3.4-4.3.8, 4.3.10, 4.3.11. Permissible error when measuring indicators according to 4.3.4 and 4.3.10 should not be more than: for angular values ​​.... ± 15", for linear values ​​at a distance of 10 m from the screen ..., ± 44 mm, at a distance of 5 m to the screen .... ± 22 mm.

5.3.3.5 When checking the requirements of 4.3.13, 4.3.14, the photodetector is placed at a distance of (3 ± 0.1) m from the diffuser of the lighting device along its reference axis.

5.3.4 To check the requirements of 4.3.4-4.3.8, 4.3.10, 4.3.11, it is allowed to use a measuring device with an orienting device instead of a screen.

5.3.4.1 The diameter of the lens inlet shall not be less than the dimensions of the headlamp.

5.3.4.2 The optical axis of the measuring device must be directed parallel to the working platform with an error of no more than ±0.25°.

5.3.4.3 A movable screen shall be installed in the focal plane of the lens with markings that ensure the verification of requirements 4.3.4-4.3.8, 4.3.10, 4.3.11.

5.3.4.4 The orienting device must ensure the installation of the optical axis of the device parallel to the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the vehicle (or perpendicular to the axis of the rear wheels) with an error of no more than ±0.5°.

5.3.5 Light intensity measurements 4.3.5, 4.3.9, 4.3.11, 4.3.13 are carried out using a photodetector corrected for the average curve of the spectral sensitivity of the eye. The sensitivity of the photodetector must correspond to the intervals of permissible values ​​of luminous intensity according to 4.3.5, 4.3.9, 4.3.11, 4.3.13. Permissible error when measuring indicators according to 4.3.5, 4.3.9, 4.3.11, 4.3.13, 4.3.18 shall not exceed 7%.

The diameter of the photodetector should be no more than 30 mm - when working with a screen according to 5.3.3 and not more than 6 mm - when working with a measuring device according to 5.3.4.

5.3.6 The requirements of 4.3.18 for the frequency of flashes of direction indicators are checked by at least 10 flashes using a measuring device or a universal time meter with a reading from 1 to 60 s and a division value of not more than 1 s.

5.4 Test methods for windshield wipers and washers

The operability of the wipers and washers is checked visually during their operation at a minimum stable crankshaft speed at idle of the ATC engine. When checking windshield wipers with electric drive high beam headlights must be on. The requirements of 4.4.2 are checked using a universal time meter with a countdown from 1 to 60 s (hours, stopwatch, etc.) and a division value of not more than 1 s.

5.5 Methods for checking tires and wheels

5.5.1 The requirements of 4.5.1 are checked by measuring the residual height of the tire tread pattern using special templates or a ruler.

5.5.1.1 The height of the pattern with uniform wear of the tire tread is measured in a section bounded by a rectangle, the width of which is not more than half the width of the tread tread, and the length is equal to 1/6 of the circumference of the tire (corresponding to the length of the arc, the chord of which is equal to the radius of the tire), located in the middle tread tread, and in case of uneven wear - in several areas with different wear, whose total area has the same value.

5.5.1.2 The height of the pattern is measured in the areas of the greatest wear of the tread, but not in the areas of wear indicators, half-bridges and steps at the base of the tread pattern.

The wear limit of tires with wear indicators is fixed with uniform wear of the tread pattern by the appearance of one indicator, and with uneven wear - by the appearance of two indicators in each of the two wheel sections.

The tread height of tires with a solid rib in the center of the tread is measured at the edges of this rib.

The tread height of off-road tires is measured between the lugs in the center or in places the least distant from the center of the treadmill, but not along the ledges at the base of the lugs and not along the half-bridges.

5.5.2 The requirements of 4.5.3-4.5.8 are checked visually and by tapping bolted connections and fastening parts of disks and wheel rims.

5.6 Methods for checking the engine and its systems

5.6.1 The requirements of 4.6.1 are checked in accordance with GOST 17.2.2.03.

5.6.2 The requirements of 4.6.2 are checked in accordance with GOST 21393.

5.6.3 The requirements of 4.6.3 are checked in accordance with GOST 17.2.02.06.

5.6.4 The requirements of 4.6.4-4.6.6 are checked organoleptically and by actuating fuel tank shut-off devices and fuel shut-off devices with the engine running. The technical condition of the fuel tank caps is checked by opening and closing them twice, the integrity of the sealing elements of the caps is checked visually. The tightness of the gas supply system is checked using a special indicator device - a leak detector.

5.6.5 The requirements of 4.6.7 are checked visually.

5.7 Methods for checking other structural elements

5.7.1 Requirements 4.7.1-4.7.3, 4.7.5, 4.7.10, 4.7.12, 4.7.15, 4.7.26 are checked visually. The light transmission of glasses according to 4.7.3 is checked according to GOST 27902.

5.7.2 The requirements of 4.7.4, 4.7.11, 4.7.14, 4.7.17, 4.7.21, 4.7.22, 4.7.24, 4.7.25 are checked by inspection, actuation and observation of the functioning and technical condition of the parts of the exchange .

5.7.3 The requirements of 4.7.6 are checked visually by changing the speedometer readings when the vehicle is moving on the road or on a roller stand to check speedometers, or to check traction and power qualities. The performance of tachographs is checked organoleptically.

5.7.4 The requirements of 4.7.7 are checked visually and by tapping the bolted connections, and, if necessary, using torque wrench. The pressure at the control output of the floor level regulator is measured with a pressure gauge or an electronic meter, the maximum measurement error for which does not exceed 5.0%.

5.7.5 Requirements 4.7.8, 4.7.18, 4.7.19 are checked visually and with a ruler, and requirement 4.7.18 can be checked using a special template.

5.7.6 The requirements of 4.7.9, 4.7.13 are checked visually using special templates to control the inner and outer diameters of wearing parts or by measuring the indicated diameters with a caliper after uncoupling the tractor and trailer (semi-trailer).

5.7.7 The requirements of 4.7.16 are checked by applying non-standardized forces to parts of the vehicle.

5.7.8 The requirements of 4.7.20 are verified by measuring the vertical load on the trailer hitch with a dynamometer in the drawbar position corresponding to the hitch position.

6.1. VM can be transported by special, specialized vehicles * and cars general purpose adapted for these purposes, operating on liquid or gaseous fuels.

* Special vehicle - a vehicle intended for transportation B M ; specialized car- a vehicle equipped for the carriage of explosives.

In the absence of passing roads, it is allowed to transport the VM by tractors or other caterpillar vehicles. The method of transportation, as well as the procedure for equipping such vehicles, taking into account specific conditions, must be agreed with the Gosgortekhnadzor of Russia.

6.2. For vehicles designed and equipped for the transport of explosives, as well as general purpose vehicles systematically (more than twice a week) used for these purposes, the muffler exhaust pipe must be moved to the right side in front of the radiator.

If the location of the engine does not allow for such a conversion, it is allowed to lead the exhaust pipe to the right side outside the areas of the body (tank) and fuel communication. In this case, as well as during one-time transportation of the VM on general-purpose vehicles, it is necessary to install a spark arrester on the exhaust pipe series production or manufactured according to technical documentation developed by a specialized organization, which has passed the appropriate examination.

6.3. Transportation of VM on dump trucks is prohibited.

In exceptional cases, upon the written permission of the head of the enterprise carrying out the transportation, it is allowed to transport TNT, ammonium nitrate explosives, including those with a liquid nitroester content of not more than 15%, detonating and igniter cords on dump trucks that are not equipped with a body heating system, with reliable fastening body, excluding its overturning, with the installation of a spark arrester on the exhaust pipe.

6.4. EM, with the exception of detonators and black powder, may be transported on trailers. At the same time, the transportation of a VM on single-axle trailers, as well as trailers that do not have a rigid hitch and brakes, is prohibited.

It is allowed to transport VM in specialized trailer vans equipped with special vehicles.

6.5. The metal parts of the body (bottom and sides) of vehicles and trailers carrying explosives must be covered with a continuous flooring of a flame-retardant material that excludes sparking. Wood used for decking must be impregnated with a flame retardant recommended by a specialized work safety expert organization.

6.6. The engine of the vehicle carrying the VM must be running normally.

6.7. The fuel tank (except for gas cylinders) must be equipped with metal shields on the side of the front and rear walls, and a steel mesh with 10 ´ 10 mm cells (perforated sheet) should be installed on the bottom side; the distance from the fuel tank to the guards and the grid must be at least 20 mm.

The fuel tank must be located away from the engine, electrical wires and the exhaust pipe so that in the event of a fuel leak, it will pour directly onto the ground.

6.8. Electrical equipment vehicles carrying explosives must meet the following requirements:

rated voltage should not exceed 24 V;

electrical circuits must be protected against high currents by factory-made fuses and an isolating switch actuated from the driver's cab;

electrical wiring must have reliable insulation, excluding short circuit, firmly fastened and located in such a way that it cannot be damaged from impacts and friction against a part of the vehicle, and is also protected from the thermal effects of the exhaust system;

electrical wiring must be made of wires with a seamless sheath that is not subject to corrosion.

6.9. The car must be equipped with rear-view mirrors on both sides. The driver and the person accompanying the cargo are obliged to monitor the condition of the cargo and immediately take measures to eliminate malfunctions that occur along the way.

6.10. For a vehicle with a body of the “van” type, carrying a VM, the body must be completely closed, strong, have no slots, no internal electrical wiring, and be separated from the driver’s cab by a gap of at least 150 mm. The wood used for the manufacture of the body must be impregnated with a flame retardant (see clause 6.5). Non-sparking materials should be used for the interior coating. It is forbidden to use materials capable of forming hazardous compounds with the transported cargo.

The van door must be located on the right side of the vehicle. It is allowed to install a door in the rear wall of the van, provided that it is equipped with an alarm system that is brought into the cab of the car and is triggered when the door is opened. The door must be locked with an internal lock and have a device that prevents it from opening in the event of a lock disengagement. For interior lighting of the van, it is necessary to use a lamp, the ceiling of which should be installed in the upper part of the front wall of the body with external electrical wiring laid in a protective casing.

In a vehicle of the “mobile warehouse VM” type, they must be equipped with workplace warehouse manager (distributor), and in the front right corner of the van - a compartment for means of initiation with a door that opens outward.

Body special vehicle must be a high-strength structure, excluding bullet penetration, and have a built-in fire extinguishing system. The coloring and equipment of the body of a special vehicle must comply with the regulatory and technical documentation.

6.11. If fabric is used as a cover for open bodies of vehicles intended for the transportation of explosives, then it must be flame retardant, waterproof, well stretched and overlap the sides of the body by at least 200 mm. The fabric must be fixed on special hooks and loops installed on all sides of the body.

6.12. The technical condition and equipment of vehicles carrying explosives must meet the requirements of the rules and guidelines for their technical operation, taking into account the need to protect the environment.

6.13. Each vehicle intended for the carriage of explosives is equipped with:

a red flag attached to the left side of the cab;

wheel chocks, the dimensions of which must correspond to the type of vehicle;

three fire extinguishers with a capacity of at least 5 liters each;

flame retardant waterproof fabric;

a set of tools for minor (emergency) repair of a vehicle;

flashing red light or warning triangle;

two signs "Entry prohibited";

first aid kit;

set of snow chains. The need to equip vehicles with two or more driving axles with anti-skid chains is determined by the technical manager of the enterprise transporting the VM.

In the case of transportation of pyrotechnic compositions and products, the vehicle is equipped with a shovel and a supply of dry sand in an amount of at least 50 kg.

6.14. It is prohibited to transport a VM on faulty vehicles, as well as in the presence of foreign products and materials in the bodies.

6.15. The responsible person of the transport workshop (garage), appointed by order, before the release of the vehicle intended for the carriage of the VM, must check its technical condition in the presence of the driver and make a signed note in the waybill: “The vehicle is checked, in good order and suitable for transportation VM". In the absence of this record, the issuance of the CM for transportation is prohibited. The list of indicators of the technical condition of the vehicle to be checked is approved by the technical manager of the enterprise.

At enterprises (in organizations) conducting explosive work (work with explosives), persons responsible for releasing the vehicle on a flight must be certified by the commission of the enterprise with the participation of representatives of the state technical supervision and traffic police (as agreed).

6.16. Vehicles carrying explosives must be submitted to the state traffic inspectorate for technical inspection twice a year.

Maintenance of vehicles approved for transportation of explosive materials must be carried out in the prescribed manner, including in the vehicle workshop (garage) of the enterprise, in accordance with the requirements of operational documentation.

This standard applies to cars, buses, trucks, trailers and semi-trailers (hereinafter referred to as motor vehicles) operated on roads.

The standard states:

Safety requirements for the technical condition of motor vehicles (ATS);

Maximum permissible values ​​of the parameters of the technical condition of the vehicle that affect road safety and the state of the environment;

Methods for checking the technical condition of automatic telephone exchanges in operation.

The standard does not apply to vehicles, the maximum speed of which, set by the manufacturer, does not exceed 25 km / h, and to off-road vehicles.

Requirements 4.1.1-4.1.7, 4.1.13, 4.1.19, 4.1.21 do not apply to heavy trucks.

The standard should be applied when checking the technical condition of operated automatic telephone exchanges according to safety criteria.

The requirements of the standard are mandatory and are aimed at ensuring road safety, life and health of people, safety of their property and environmental protection.

The technical condition of the automatic telephone exchange may be subject to additional requirements established by the relevant regulatory documents.

Registered vehicles, in the design of which (including the design of components and items of additional equipment) changes have been made that affect road safety, are checked in accordance with the procedures approved in the prescribed manner.

The main terms used in the standard and their definitions are given in clause 3.

This standard uses references to the following standards:

GOST 17.2.2.03-87 Nature protection. Atmosphere. Norms and methods for measuring the content of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons in the exhaust gases of vehicles with gasoline engines. Safety requirements

In this standard, the following terms are used with their respective definitions:

3.1 road train: Vehicle consisting of a tractor unit and a semi-trailer or trailer(s) connected by a drawbar(s).

3.2 anti-lock braking system: ATC braking system with automatic control during braking of the degree of slippage of the wheels of the vehicle in the direction of their rotation.

3.3brake response time: The time interval from the start of braking until the moment at which the deceleration of the vehicle takes on a steady value during checks on the road (indicated by tcp in Appendix B), or until the moment at which the braking force during tests on the stands either reaches its maximum value, or blocking occurs wheels of automatic telephone exchange on rollers of the stand. When checking on the stands, the response time is measured for each of the wheels of the vehicle.

3.4brake lag time: The time interval from the start of deceleration until the moment deceleration (braking force) occurs. Marked as TC in Appendix B.

3.5 deceleration rise time: Time interval of monotonic increase of the deceleration until the point at which the deceleration reaches a steady value. Designated tn in Appendix B.

3.6 auxiliary brake system: Brake system designed to reduce the energy load of the brake mechanisms of the working brake system of the vehicle.

3.7rear guard: Part of the construction of vehicles of categories N2, N3, O3 and O4, designed to protect against vehicles of categories Mt and Nt from falling under them in a rear-end collision.

3.8 spare brake system: Brake system designed to reduce vehicle speed in the event of failure of the service brake system.

3.9 good condition of the exchange: Condition that meets all the requirements of regulatory documents for the design and technical condition of the automatic telephone exchange.

3.10 change in the design of the PBX: Exclusion of components and items of equipment provided for or not provided for by the design of the vehicle, affecting its safety characteristics.

3.12 rear view mirror class: Type of mirrors characterized by one of the following combinations of characteristics and functions: class 1 - interior rear-view mirrors are flat or spherical; class 2 - the main external rear-view mirrors are spherical; class 3 - the main external rear-view mirrors are flat or spherical (a smaller radius of curvature is allowed than for class 2 mirrors); class 4 - wide-angle external rear-view mirrors spherical; class 5 - external side-view mirrors are spherical.

The class of the mirror is indicated on the markings on the certified rear-view mirrors in Roman numerals.

3.13 wheel brakes: Devices designed to create artificial resistance to the movement of the vehicle due to friction between the rotating and stationary parts of the wheel.

3.14 end of deceleration: The point in time at which the artificial resistance to the movement of the vehicle disappeared or it stopped. Designated by point K in Appendix B.

3.15 contour marking of automatic telephone exchange: A series of strips of reflective material intended to be applied to a vehicle to indicate its dimensions (outline) on the side (side markings) and rear (rear markings).

3.16 traffic corridor: Part of the reference surface, the right and left boundaries of which are marked so that during the movement the horizontal projection of the vehicle on the plane of the reference surface does not cross them at any point.

3.17 seat belt anchorage: Part of the body structure (cabin) or some other part of the vehicle (for example, the seat frame) to which the seat belt is attached.

3.18 start of deceleration: The point in time at which the braking system receives a signal to apply braking. Marked with a dot H in Appendix B.

3.19initial deceleration speed- ATC speed at the beginning of braking.

3.20 neutral position of the steering wheel (steered wheels): The position corresponding to the rectilinear movement of the vehicle in the absence of disturbing influences.

3.21 brake system control: A set of devices designed to give a signal to start braking and to control the energy coming from an energy source or energy storage to the brake mechanisms.

3.22 organoleptic check: A check performed with the senses of a qualified person without the use of measuring instruments.

3.23 reference axis: The line of intersection of planes passing through the center of the fixture's lens, parallel to the longitudinal center plane of the vehicle and the supporting surface.

3.24 full braking: Deceleration that causes the vehicle to stop.

3.25 longitudinal central plane ATS: Plane perpendicular to the plane of the ground and passing through the center of the ATC track.

3.26 permitted maximum weight: The maximum weight of the equipped vehicle with cargo (passengers), set by the manufacturer as the maximum allowable according to the operational documentation.

3.27 PBX performance and its parts: The state in which the values ​​of the parameters characterizing the ability of the vehicle to perform transport work comply with the requirements of regulatory documents.

3.28 working brake system: Brake system designed to slow down the speed of the vehicle.

3.29 reflective marking material: A surface or device from which, in the presence of radiation, a relatively large proportion of the light rays of the original radiation are reflected in their direction.

3.30 equipped state of automatic telephone exchange: The state of the vehicle without cargo (passengers) with filled containers of power, cooling and lubrication systems, with a set of tools and accessories (including a spare wheel) provided by the vehicle manufacturer in accordance with the operational documentation.

3.31 components and items of equipment of automatic telephone exchange: Units, assemblies and parts installed and (or) used in the design of the automatic telephone exchange, to which requirements are imposed, regulated by regulatory documents.

3.32 parking brake system: Braking system designed to hold the vehicle stationary.

3.33 total steering play: Steering wheel angle from the position corresponding to the beginning of the turn of the steered wheels of the vehicle in one direction, to the position corresponding to the beginning of their turn in the opposite direction.

3.34 technical condition of automatic telephone exchange: A set of properties subject to change during operation and the parameters of the automatic telephone exchange established by regulatory documents, which determines the possibility of its use for its intended purpose.

3.35 braking: The process of creating and changing the artificial resistance to the movement of the vehicle.

3.36 braking force: Reaction of the ground to the wheels of the vehicle causing braking. To assess the technical condition of braking systems, the maximum values ​​of braking forces are used.

3.37 brake system: A set of parts of the vehicle designed to slow it down when exposed to the control of the brake system.

3.38 brake control: Set of all brake systems of automatic telephone exchange.

3.39brake drive: The set of parts of the brake control designed to control the transfer of energy from its source to the brake mechanisms for the purpose of braking.

3.40 braking distances: Distance traveled by the vehicle from the start to the end of braking.

3.41 specific braking force: The ratio of the sum of the braking forces on the wheels of the vehicle to the product of the mass of the vehicle and the acceleration of free fall (for a tractor and a trailer or semi-trailer, they are calculated separately).

3.42 steady deceleration: Average deceleration during deceleration time tset from the end of the deceleration ramp time to the end of deceleration. Designated at the mouth in Appendix B.

3.43 vehicle braking stability: The ability of the vehicle to move under braking within the traffic corridor.

3.44 headlights types R, HR: High beam headlights.

3.45 headlights types C, HC: Low beam headlights.

3.46CR, HCR headlights: Low and high beam headlights.

3.47 type B lights: Fog lights.

3.48 "cold" brake mechanism: Brake mechanism, the temperature of which, measured on the friction surface of the brake drum or brake disc, is less than 100 °C.

3.49 emergency braking: Braking to reduce vehicle speed as quickly as possible.

3.50 braking efficiency: A measure of braking that characterizes the ability of the braking system to create the necessary artificial resistance to the movement of the vehicle.

4.1.1 The service brake system of the vehicle must ensure that the braking efficiency standards are met on the stands according to Table 1 or in road conditions, Table 2 or 3. The initial braking speed during road tests is 40 km/h. The mass of the vehicle during checks should not exceed the permitted maximum.

Note - The use of indicators of braking efficiency and stability of the vehicle during braking, as well as methods for their verification, are given in 5.1.

4.1.2 Under road conditions, when braking by the service brake system with an initial braking speed of 40 km/h, the vehicle must not leave any of its parts outside the normative traffic corridor 3 m wide.

Table 1 - Standards for the braking efficiency of the vehicle by the service brake system during tests on the stands

Table 2 - Standards for the braking efficiency of the vehicle by the service brake system during checks on the road

Table 3 - Standards for the braking efficiency of the vehicle by the service brake system during checks on the road

4.1.3 When checking on the stands, the relative difference in the braking forces of the axle wheels (as a percentage of the largest value) for vehicles of categories M1 M2, M3 and the front axles of cars and trailers of categories N1 N2, N3, O2, O3, O4 is not more than 20%, and for semi-trailers and subsequent axles of cars and trailers of categories N1, N2, N3, O2, O3, O4 - 25%.

4.1.4 When testing the working brake system of trailers and semi-trailers on the stands (with the exception of trailers-dissolutions and semi-trailers with more than three axles), the specific braking force must be at least 0.5 for trailers with two or more axles and not less than 0.45 - for trailers with one (central) axle and semi-trailers.

4.1.5 The parking brake system for a vehicle with a maximum permitted weight must provide a specific braking force of at least 0.16 or a stationary state of the vehicle on a supporting surface with a slope of at least 16%. For an equipped vehicle, the parking brake system must provide a calculated specific braking force equal to 0.6 of the ratio of the curb weight on the axles affected by the parking brake system to the curb weight, or when the vehicle is stationary on a surface with a slope of at least 23% for automatic telephone exchanges of categories M1~M3 and not less than 31% - for categories N1-N3.

The force applied to the parking brake control to actuate it must be no more than 392 N for vehicles of category M1 and 588 N for vehicles of other categories.

4.1.6 The auxiliary braking system, with the exception of the engine retarder, during checks on the road in the speed range of 25-35 km/h, must provide a steady deceleration of at least 0.5 m/s2 for vehicles of the maximum permitted mass and 0.8 m/s2 - for vehicles in running order, taking into account the weight of the driver. The motor retarder must be operational.

4.1.7 The spare brake system, equipped with a control element independent of other brake systems, must ensure compliance with the standards for braking efficiency indicators of the vehicle on the test bench according to table 4, or in road conditions according to table 5 or 6. The initial braking speed during checks in road conditions is 40 km/h

Table 4 - Standards for the braking efficiency of a vehicle with a spare brake system during tests on stands

Table 5 - Standards for the braking efficiency of a vehicle with a spare brake system during checks on the road

Table 6 - Standards for the braking efficiency of a vehicle with a spare brake system during checks on the road

4.1.8 It is allowed to drop the air pressure in the pneumatic or pneumohydraulic brake drive with the engine off by no more than 0.05 MPa from the value of the lower limit of regulation by the pressure regulator during:

30 min - with the free position of the brake system control;

15 minutes - after full actuation of the brake system control. Leaks of compressed air from the wheel brake chambers are not allowed.

4.1.9 For a vehicle with an engine, the pressure at the control terminals of the pneumatic brake actuator receivers with the engine running is allowed from 0.65 to 0.85 MPa, and for trailers (semi-trailers) - not less than 0.48 MPa when connected to the tractor via a single-wire drive and not less than 0.63 MPa - when connected via a two-wire drive.

4.1.10 The presence of visible places of chafing, corrosion, mechanical damage, kinks or leakage of pipelines or connections in the brake drive, leakage of brake fluid, parts in the brake drive with cracks and permanent deformation are not allowed.

4.1.11 The system of signaling and control of brake systems, pressure gauges of the pneumatic and pneumohydraulic brake actuator, the device for fixing the control of the parking brake system must be operational.

4.1.12 Flexible brake hoses transmitting the pressure of compressed air or brake fluid to the wheel brake mechanisms must be connected to each other without additional transition elements (for vehicles manufactured after 01.01.81). The location and length of the flexible brake hoses must ensure the tightness of the connections, taking into account the maximum deformations of the elastic elements of the suspension and the angles of rotation of the wheels of the vehicle. Swelling of hoses under pressure, cracks and the presence of visible chafing spots on them are not allowed.

4.1.13 The location and length of the connecting hoses of the pneumatic brake drive of road trains must exclude their damage during mutual movements of the tractor and trailer (semi-trailer).

4.1.14 The action of the service and reserve brake systems must be adjustable:

Decreasing or increasing the braking force must be ensured by acting on the control of the brake system in the entire range of regulation of the braking force;

The braking force must change in the same direction as the effect on the control;

The braking force must be adjusted smoothly and without difficulty.

4.1.15 The pressure at the control output of the brake force regulator as part of the pneumatic brake actuator in the positions of the permitted maximum weight and the equipped state of the vehicle or the tension force of the free end of the regulator spring, equipped with lever connection with the rear axle, as part of the brake hydraulic actuator must correspond to the values ​​\u200b\u200bspecified in the ATC manufacturer's plate or operational documentation.

4.1.16 Vehicles equipped with anti-lock braking systems (ABS), when braking in the equipped state (taking into account the weight of the driver) with an initial speed of at least 40 km/h, must move within the traffic corridor without visible signs of slipping and skidding, and their wheels must not must leave traces of skidding on the road surface until the ABS is turned off when the speed reaches the ABS cut-off threshold (no more than 15 km/h). The functioning of the ABS signaling devices must correspond to its good condition.

4.1.17 The free travel of the control device of the inertial brake of trailers of categories O1 and O2 must comply with the requirements established by the vehicle manufacturer in the operational documentation.

4.1.18 With the drive of the inertial brake of category O1 trailers disconnected, the pushing force of the trailer coupling device must be at least 200 N, and for category O2 trailers - at least 350 N.

4.2.1 The change in effort when turning the steering wheel should be smooth over the entire range of its angle of rotation.

4.2.2 Spontaneous turning of the steering wheel with power steering from the neutral position when the vehicle is stationary and the engine is running is not allowed.

4.2.3 The total steering play must not exceed the limit values ​​specified by the vehicle manufacturer in the operational documentation, or, if such values ​​are not specified by the manufacturer, the following limit values:

Passenger cars and trucks created on the basis of their units
cars and buses. ………………………………….. 10°

Buses ………………………………………….. 20°

Trucks …………………………………. 25°.

4.2.4 The maximum turn of the steering wheel should be limited only by the devices provided for by the design of the vehicle.

4.2.5. The mobility of the steering column in the planes passing through its axis, the steering wheel in the axial direction, the steering gear housing, steering gear parts relative to each other or the supporting surface is not allowed. Threaded connections must be tightened and secured. Play in the joints of the levers of the rotary pins and the joints of the steering rods is not allowed. The device for fixing the position of the steering column with the adjustable position of the steering wheel must be operable.

4.2.6 The use of parts with traces of residual deformation, cracks and other defects in the steering mechanism and steering gear is not allowed.

4.2.7 The tension of the power steering pump drive belt and the level of the working fluid in its reservoir must comply with the requirements established by the vehicle manufacturer in the operational documentation. Leakage of working fluid in the booster hydraulic system is not allowed.

4.3.1 The number and color of external lighting devices installed on the PBX must comply with GOST 8769-75. Changing the locations of external lighting devices provided by the manufacturer of the vehicle is not allowed.

4.3.2 It is allowed to install a spotlight or searchlight if it is provided by the manufacturer. It is allowed to install additional brake signals and replace external lighting devices with those used on PBXs of other brands and models.

4.3.3 Signaling devices for switching on light devices located in the cockpit (cabin) must be operational.

4.3.4 Headlamps of types C (HC) and CR (HCR) must be adjusted so that the plane containing the left (from the vehicle) part of the cut-off boundary of the passing beam is located as specified in Figure 1 and Table 7 the values ​​of the distance L from the optical center of the headlight to the screen, the height H of the installation of the headlight in the center of the lenses above the plane of the working platform and the angle a of the light beam inclination to the horizontal plane, or the distance R along the screen from the projection of the center of the headlight to the light boundary of the light beam and the distances L and H .

/ - reference axis; 2 - the left part of the cut-off line; 3 - the right part of the cut-off line; 4 - vertical plane passing through the reference axis; 5 - a plane parallel to the plane of the working platform on which the automatic telephone exchange is installed; 6 - matte screen plane; a is the angle of inclination of the light beam to the horizontal plane; L is the distance from the optical center of the headlight to the screen; R is the distance across the screen from the projection of the center of the headlight to the light boundary of the light beam; H - the height of the headlamp installation in the center of the diffuser above the plane of the working platform

Figure 1 - Scheme of the location of the automatic telephone exchange at the checkpoint of the headlights and the position of the cut-off line of the passing beam on the matte screen

In this case, the intersection point of the left horizontal and right inclined sections of the cut-off border of the passing beam must be in a vertical plane passing through the reference axis.

On vehicles whose headlights are equipped with a corrective device, the latter, when loading the vehicle, must be set to the position corresponding to the load;

Table 7 - Geometric indicators of the location of the cut-off line of the dipped beam of headlights on a matte screen, depending on the installation height of the headlight and the distance to the screen

4.3.5. The luminous intensity of each of the headlamps of types C (HC) and CR (HCR) in the "dipped beam" mode, measured in a vertical plane passing through the reference axis, should not exceed 750 cd in the direction 34 'up from the position of the left side cut-off line and not less than 1600 cd in the direction 52' down from the position of the left part of the cut-off line.

4.3.6. Headlamps of type R (HR) shall be adjusted so that the angle of inclination of the brightest (central) part of the light beam in the vertical plane is in the range of 0…34′ down from the reference axis. In this case, the vertical plane of symmetry of the brightest part of the light beam must pass through the reference axis.

4.3.7. The luminous intensity of CR (HCR) headlamps in the "driving beam" mode should be measured in the direction of 34' upwards from the position of the left part of the cut-off line of the "dipped beam" mode in a vertical plane passing through the reference axis.

4.3.8. The luminous intensity of R-type headlamps (HR) shall be measured at the center of the brightest part of the beam.

4.3.9 The luminous intensity of all headlights of types R (HR) and CR (HCR) located on one side of the vehicle, in the "driving beam" mode, must be at least 10,000 cd, and the total luminous intensity of all headlights of these types must not exceed 225000 cd.

4.3.10. Fog lamps (type B) shall be adjusted so that the plane containing the upper cut-off of the beam is located as indicated in table 8.

In this case, the upper cut-off boundary of the fog lamp beam must be parallel to the plane of the working platform on which the automatic telephone exchange is installed.

Table 8

4.3.11. The luminous intensity of fog lamps, measured in a vertical plane passing through the reference axis, must be not more than 625 cd in the direction of 3 ° up from the position of the upper cut-off limit and not less than 1000 cd in the direction of 3 ° down from the position of the upper cut-off limit.

4.3.12. Fog lamps must be switched on when the parking lights are on, regardless of whether the high and (or) low beam headlights are turned on.

4.3.13 The luminous intensity of each of the signal lights (lanterns) in the direction of the reference axis must be within the limits specified in Table 9.

4.3.14 The luminous intensity of paired symmetrically located on different sides of the vehicle (front or rear) lamps of the same functional purpose should not differ by more than two times.

Table 9

The technical condition, equipment and completeness of automatic telephone exchanges of all types, brands, purposes, trailers and semi-trailers in operation must comply with the requirements of current regulations.

The employee responsible for the release of the automatic telephone exchange on the line does not have the right to sign the waybill of the faulty automatic telephone exchange.

Vehicles operated by the organization must also comply with the requirements of the Rules of the Road and the Basic Regulations for the admission of vehicles to operation and duties officials on ensuring road safety, approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of October 23, 1993 No. No. 1090 (as amended by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 84 of February 16, 2008, effective from July 1, 2008).

The main provisions for the admission of vehicles to operation and the duties of officials to ensure road safety establish the List of malfunctions and conditions under which the operation of vehicles is prohibited.

This List establishes malfunctions of cars, buses, road trains, trailers, motorcycles, mopeds, tractors, other self-propelled machines and the conditions under which their operation is prohibited.

Methods for checking the above parameters are regulated by GOST R 51709-2001 “Vehicles. Safety requirements for technical condition and methods of verification.

This List includes:

1. Brake systems

1.1. The standards for braking efficiency of the service brake system do not comply with GOST R 51709-2001 “Vehicles. Safety requirements for technical condition and verification methods” (introduced on January 1, 2002) (hereinafter referred to as GOST R 51709-2001).

1.2. The tightness of the hydraulic brake drive is broken.

1.3. Violation of the tightness of the pneumatic and pneumohydraulic brake drives causes a drop in air pressure with the engine off by 0.05 MPa or more in 15 minutes after they are fully activated. Compressed air leak from wheel brake chambers.

1.4. The pressure gauge of the pneumatic or pneumohydraulic brake drives does not work.

1.5. The parking brake system does not provide a stationary state:

Vehicles with a full load - on a slope up to 16 percent inclusive;

Cars and buses in running order - on a slope of up to 23 percent inclusive;

Trucks and road trains in running order - on a slope of up to 31 percent inclusive.

2. Steering

2.1. The total steering play exceeds the following values:

Total backlash

No more than (degrees)

Passenger cars and created on them
base trucks and buses 10

Buses 20

Trucks 25

2.2. There are movements of parts and assemblies not provided for by the design. Threaded connections are not tightened or not secured in the prescribed manner. The device for fixing the position of the steering column is inoperative.

2.3. The power steering or steering damper (for motorcycles) provided for by the design is faulty or missing.

3. External lights

3.1. The number, type, color, location and mode of operation of external lighting devices do not meet the requirements of the vehicle design.

Note. On vehicles discontinued from production, it is allowed to install external lighting devices from vehicles of other makes and models.

3.2. Headlight adjustment does not comply with GOST R 51709-2001.

3.3. Do not work in the set mode or external lighting devices and retroreflectors are dirty.

3.4. There are no diffusers on the lighting devices or diffusers and lamps are used that do not correspond to the type of this lighting device.

3.5. The installation of flashing beacons, the methods of their attachment and the visibility of the light signal do not meet the established requirements.

3.6. Installed on the vehicle:

In front - lighting devices with lights of any color other than white, yellow or orange, and retroreflective devices of any color other than white;

Behind - reversing lights and lighting of the state registration plate with lights of any color other than white, and other lighting devices with lights of any color other than red, yellow or orange, as well as retroreflective devices of any color other than red.

Note. The provisions of this paragraph do not apply to state registration, distinctive and identification marks installed on vehicles.

4. Windscreen wipers and washers

windshield

4.1. Windshield wipers do not work in the set mode.

4.2. Windshield washers provided for by the design of the vehicle do not work.

5. Wheels and tires

5.1. Passenger car tires have a residual tread height of less than 1.6 mm, trucks - 1 mm, buses - 2 mm, motorcycles and mopeds - 0.8 mm.

Note. For trailers, the norms of the residual height of the tire tread pattern are established, similar to the norms for tires of vehicles - tractors.

5.2. Tires have external damage (punctures, cuts, ruptures), exposing the cord, as well as delamination of the carcass, delamination of the tread and sidewall.

5.3. There is no mounting bolt (nut) or there are cracks in the disk and wheel rims, there are visible violations of the shape and size of the mounting holes.

5.4. Tires do not match the vehicle model in terms of size or load capacity.

5.5. Tires of various sizes, designs (radial, diagonal, chamber, tubeless), models, with different tread patterns, studded and non-studded, frost-resistant and non-frost-resistant, new and restored are installed on one axle of vehicles.

6. Engine

6.1. The content of harmful substances in the exhaust gases and their opacity exceed the values ​​established by GOST R 52033-2003 “Vehicles with gasoline engines. Emissions of pollutants with exhaust gases” (introduced on January 1, 2004) and GOST R 52160-2003 “Vehicles equipped with compression ignition engines. Exhaust smoke. Norms and methods of control in assessing the technical condition” (introduced on January 1, 2005).

6.2. The tightness of the power supply system is broken.

6.3. The system of release of the fulfilled gases is faulty.

6.4. The tightness of the crankcase ventilation system is broken.

6.5. The permissible level of external noise exceeds the values ​​established by GOST R 52231-2004 “External noise of vehicles in operation. Permissible levels and methods of measurement”.

7. Other structural elements

7.1. The number, location and class of rear-view mirrors do not comply with GOST R 51709-2001, there are no glasses provided for by the design of the vehicle.

7.2. Sound signal does not work.

7.3. Additional items are installed or coatings are applied that limit visibility from the driver's seat.

Note. Transparent colored films can be attached to the top of the windshield of cars and buses. It is allowed to use tinted glass (except for mirrored glass), the light transmission of which complies with GOST 5727-88 “Safety glass for land transport. General technical conditions". It is allowed to use curtains on the windows of tourist buses, as well as blinds and curtains on the rear windows of cars if there are external rear-view mirrors on both sides.

7.4. The body or cab door locks provided for by the design, the locks of the sides of the cargo platform, the locks of the necks of tanks and the plugs of the fuel tanks, the mechanism for adjusting the position of the driver's seat, the emergency door switch and the stop request signal on the bus, the interior lighting devices of the bus interior, emergency exits and drive devices do not work them into operation, a door control drive, a speedometer, a tachograph, anti-theft devices, glass heating and blowing devices.

7.5. The rear protective device, mudguards and mudguards provided for by the design are missing.

7.6. The towing and coupling devices of the tractor and the trailer link are faulty, and the safety cables (chains) provided for by their design are missing or faulty. There are backlashes in the connections of the motorcycle frame with the frame of the side trailer.

7.7. Missing:

On a bus, passenger car and truck, wheeled tractors - a first-aid kit, a fire extinguisher, an emergency stop sign in accordance with GOST R 41.27-99 "Uniform regulations regarding the certification of warning triangles";

On trucks with a maximum permitted weight of more than 3.5 tons and buses with a permitted maximum weight of more than 5 tons - wheel chocks (there must be at least two);

On a motorcycle with a side trailer - a first-aid kit, an emergency stop sign in accordance with GOST R 41.27-99.

7.8. Illegal equipment of vehicles with the identification mark "Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation", flashing beacons and (or) special sound signals or the presence on the outer surfaces of vehicles of special color schemes, inscriptions and designations that do not meet the state standards of the Russian Federation.

7.9. There are no seat belts and seat head restraints if their installation is provided for by the vehicle design.

7.10. The seat belts are inoperable or have visible tears in the webbing.

7.11. Spare wheel holder, winch and spare wheel raising and lowering mechanism do not work. The ratchet device of the winch does not fix the drum with the fastening rope.

7.12. The semi-trailer is missing or has a faulty support device, locks for the transport position of the supports, mechanisms for raising and lowering the supports.

7.13. The tightness of the seals and connections of the engine, gearbox, final drives, rear axle, clutch, battery, cooling and air conditioning systems and hydraulic devices additionally installed on the vehicle is broken.

7.14. Technical specifications indicated on the outer surface of the gas cylinders of cars and buses equipped with a gas supply system do not correspond to the data technical passport, there are no dates of the last and planned survey.

7.15. The state registration plate of the vehicle or the method of its installation does not comply with GOST R 50577-93 “Signs of the state registration of vehicles. Types and basic dimensions. Technical requirements".

7.16. Motorcycles do not have built-in safety bars.

7.17. On motorcycles and mopeds there are no footrests provided for by the design, transverse handles for passengers on the saddle.

7.18. Changes have been made to the design of the vehicle without the permission of the State Road Safety Inspectorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation or other bodies determined by the Government of the Russian Federation.

In accordance with the Interindustry Rules, the following requirements are imposed on the cab (salon) of the automatic telephone exchange:

Side windows must move smoothly with glass-lifting mechanisms;

Dips, torn places, protruding springs and sharp corners are not allowed on the seat and back of the seat;

Noise, vibration, microclimate and concentration of harmful substances in the cab of a truck, inside the cabin and cab of a bus and car body must comply with the values ​​specified in the current state standards, sanitary norms and rules, hygienic standards;

The heating devices of the cab and the passenger compartment in cold weather must be operational; it is forbidden to use exhaust gases as a heat carrier for heating the cabin and passenger compartment, they can only be used for heating the coolant;

The floor of the cabin, interior and body of the vehicle must be covered with a rug that does not have holes or other damage.

The controls of the automatic telephone exchange must be with serviceable seals that prevent the penetration of exhaust gases into the cabin or passenger compartment of the car (bus).

Wheel rims must be securely fastened to the hubs. The lock rings of the wheel disks must be in good condition and correctly installed in their places. The presence of cracks and curvature of the wheel disks is prohibited.

The technical condition of the electrical equipment of the automatic telephone exchange must ensure that the engine is started using a starter, uninterrupted and timely ignition of the mixture in the engine cylinders, trouble-free operation of lighting, signaling and electrical control devices, and also exclude the possibility of sparking in wires and clamps.

All wires of electrical equipment must have reliable, undamaged insulation. The battery must be clean and securely fastened. It is forbidden to leak electrolyte from the battery monoblock.

Each vehicle must be provided with special stops (at least two pieces) for placing under the wheels, a wide lining under the heel of the jack, as well as a first-aid kit, an emergency stop sign or a flashing red light and a fire extinguisher.

Buses and trucks adapted for the carriage of people and specially equipped for this purpose must be additionally equipped with a second fire extinguisher, while one fire extinguisher is located in the driver's cab, the second - in the passenger compartment of the bus or car body in accordance with the requirements of current regulations.

When sent on a long-distance trip (lasting more than 1 day), trucks and buses must be additionally equipped with metal tragus, a shovel, a towing device, a safety fork for the wheel lock ring, and in winter, additionally with snow chains.

The crankshaft ratchet must have uncut slots, and the starting handle must have a straight stud of appropriate length and strength. The crank handle must be smooth and free of burrs.

Exhaust pipes and muffler must not have cracks and breakdowns, and their connections must not allow exhaust gases to pass through. The end of the exhaust pipe must not be dented or damaged.

Vehicles operating in the harvest must have exhaust pipes equipped with spark arresters.

PBXs with lifting cabs must have serviceable latches on the cab stops.

Cabin doors, hoods must be with serviceable opening limiters and locks of the open and closed positions.

^ 11.2. Additional requirements for trucks, trailers, semi-trailers

Truck body flatbed car, trailer and semi-trailer should not have broken beams and boards; the technical condition of the sides should exclude the possibility of the cargo falling out during the movement of the vehicle.

The sides of the body must open (recline) freely, have serviceable hinges and locks.

For one-time transportation of passengers, the body of a flatbed truck must be equipped with a ladder or brackets for boarding and disembarking, seats fixed at a height of 0.3 - 0.5 m from the floor and at least 0.3 m from the top edge of the side.

When transporting children, the sides must have a height of at least 0.8 m from the floor level. Seats located along the rear and side boards must have strong backs; side locks must be securely fastened; the number of people transported should not exceed the number of places equipped for seating.

A truck used for the permanent transportation of people must be equipped with:

An awning or other device that protects transported people from atmospheric influences;

Flat floor without through holes and cracks;

Sound and light signaling associated with the cabin;

Stationary or removable ladder for boarding and disembarking people from the tailgate;

The exhaust pipe of the muffler, brought out beyond the dimensions of the body by 30 - 50 mm.

A truck and a semi-trailer with a van-type body used for the transport of people and goods with mandatory escort by people, in addition, must have:

Serviceable, outward-opening doors located at the rear or on the right side of the body;

A working device for fixing doors in the open position;

Serviceable locks, excluding spontaneous opening of doors while driving;

Steps, located directly under the doors, for the entry and exit of people;

Device for heating in the cold season;

The second fire extinguisher located in the body.

Trailers, semi-trailers and trucks intended for the transportation of long loads must be equipped with serviceable folding racks and shields (the latter are installed between the cab and the load), have turntables equipped with devices for securing these circles when the vehicle is moving without load.

Turntables of trailers must have serviceable stoppers to prevent the trailer from turning when moving backwards.

Trailers (except for dissolutions) must have serviceable devices that support the coupling eye of the drawbar in a position convenient for hitching and uncoupling from the tractor.

Single-axle trailers (except for dissolutions), as well as trailers without brakes, must have safety (emergency) chains or cables that prevent the trailer from breaking off in the event of a hitch failure. Chains (cables) must not be attached to the traction hook of the vehicle or its attachment parts.

Single-axle trailers (except for dissolutions) must also have serviceable support posts, ensuring the stability of the trailer in the uncoupled state.

All trailers and semi-trailers, with the exception of single-axle ones, must have a serviceable parking brake, ensuring the retention of the trailer after it is disconnected from the tractor, as well as at least two wheel chocks (shoes).

Semi-trailers must be equipped with:

Serviceable devices that serve as front supports when they are uncoupled from the tractor;

Correct saddle devices.

Dump trucks and dump trailers must have serviceable devices of the required strength, excluding the possibility of spontaneous lowering of the raised body.

On the sides of the dump truck, the inscription “Do not work without a stop under a raised body” should be applied with bright indelible paint, and the KamAZ dump truck - “Do not work under a raised body without installing a stopper”.

The opening side of a dump truck or dump trailer must fit snugly against the body and prevent loss of cargo; spontaneous opening of the side is prohibited.

The exhaust pipe of the muffler of a vehicle carrying flammable and explosive goods must not pass under the body and must be led out to the right under the front of the vehicle (along the way) with the exhaust outlet sloped down.

Trucks with closed body, intended for the transportation of combustible and toxic substances in small containers and barrels, must have natural body ventilation.

Capacity (tare) for transportation dangerous goods must have a clearly visible warning inscription and signs in accordance with the requirements of current state standards.

Vehicles intended for the transport of dangerous goods are additionally equipped with fire extinguishing equipment and means in accordance with applicable regulations.

Truck used to provide technical assistance, must additionally have:

Body type van;

A workbench with a bench vise and a set of tools, fixtures and equipment for car repair on the line;

Special boxes with cells for storing tools, spare parts, fixtures;

Additional sources of lighting (spotlights, portable low-voltage lamps) for repairs at night;

Devices for towing cars on a rigid hitch and a cable, entrenching tools and snow chains;

Metal tragus and stops under the wheels;

Additional tanks for the delivery of fuel, oil and equipment for their safe filling (hoses, pumps, funnels, etc.);

Scuttlebutt;

Devices for pulling and lifting crashed vehicles, as well as removable protective grilles on the front glass.

^ 11.3. Additional vehicle requirements
running on gas fuel

The technical condition of vehicles running on gas fuel must comply with the requirements specifications and instructions of manufacturers of gas-balloon vehicles or gas-balloon equipment.

The equipment, pipelines, main and service valves must be sealed, excluding the penetration of gas into the cabin, body, and also into the atmosphere.

The tightness of the gas equipment on the vehicle must be checked in accordance with the requirements of current regulations.

CNG cylinders must comply with the requirements of current state standards and other regulations.

Gas cylinders installed on a car must be painted red, have passport data printed on them in accordance with the current state standard and other regulatory act, and the inscription "Propane" or "Methane" in white paint.

It is not allowed to operate cars on gas cylinders of which:

Missing passport data;

Expiration of the inspection period;

There are external damages (corrosion, cracks, potholes, shells, etc.);

Faulty adapters and valves;

Coloring and inscriptions do not meet the requirements.

Gas cylinders must be securely fastened to the vehicle.

The high pressure pipes must be painted red.

It is not allowed to operate vehicles running on gas fuel with faulty gas equipment. After troubleshooting the elements of the gas supply system or replacing gas cylinders, the tightness of the gas supply system must be checked.

^ 11.4. Requirements for the conversion of motor vehicles to run on gas fuel

Under the operating conditions of automatic telephone exchanges, the installation of gas-balloon equipment on them for operation on CNG or GOS is carried out in accordance with the requirements of the current state standards and other regulations.

When preparing the automatic telephone exchange for the installation of gas-balloon equipment, it is necessary:

Wash the vehicle (engine compartment, cab, frame, etc.);

Drain gasoline from the fuel tank and pipelines of the power system, if the technology for installing gas-balloon equipment requires the removal of the fuel tank from the vehicle.

When performing electrical work, the following requirements must be observed:

Fixed wires should not rotate relative to the terminals of the devices;

Wires going into the engine compartment to the low gas pressure sensor, electromagnetic petrol valve, electromagnetic gas valve, electromagnetic starting valve and other elements of electrical equipment of gas-balloon equipment, should not touch the heating parts of the automatic telephone exchange;

It is forbidden to touch the metal parts of the automatic telephone exchange with current-carrying terminals of devices and wire lugs;

Wires should not be located on sharp edges and ribs of PBX parts;

Insulating tubes must be tightly planted on the lugs of the wires;

Sharp bends of wires, as well as their twisting and tightness after connecting to electrical equipment, are not allowed.

The installation of cylinders on the automatic telephone exchange must be carried out using lifting devices, after making sure that there is no gas in the cylinders.

The cylinders for CNG installed on the vehicle must be of the same steel grade and have the same survey periods.

When installing such cylinders on a vehicle, it is necessary to maintain the distances from the neck to the structural elements corresponding to the technical documentation. Rubber gaskets must be laid in the places where the cylinders are fastened.

Cylinders must be fastened so that the possibility of their rotation and movement is excluded.

Before installing high-pressure gas pipelines, it is necessary to blow them out with compressed air and inspect them (no cracks or damage are allowed).

The "ground" switch must be installed in the cab of the automatic telephone exchange in a place convenient for the driver.

When installing adapters and valves on cylinders, the following requirements must be observed:

Cylinders must meet the requirements of Rostekhnadzor, approved in the prescribed manner;

To ensure tightness, conical threads must be lubricated (with lead litharge, liquid glass or red lead);

The force when tightening the taper threads of adapters and valves must correspond to 450 - 500 N (45 - 50 kgf), for which torque wrenches are used;

When installing adapters and valves, the cylinder must be installed in a special clamping device that prevents it from turning;

Newly screwed adapters and valves into the cylinder must have no more than 2 - 3 turns of thread that are not included in the threaded sockets of the cylinder neck.

After installation of gas-balloon equipment on the automatic telephone exchange, the gas supply system must be checked for tightness and pressure tested in accordance with the requirements of current regulations.

In the future, the automatic telephone exchange must be operated in accordance with the requirements of the operating instructions for the gas-balloon automatic telephone exchange, attached to the set of gas-balloon equipment installed on the automatic telephone exchange.

^ 11.5. Additional requirements for specialized
motor vehicles

Specialized vehicles (cars, trailers and semi-trailers with various bodies intended for the transportation of various goods) must meet the relevant technical conditions.

All stairs, walkways and work platforms on the vehicle must be kept in good condition and cleared of dirt, ice and snow.

Work platforms located at a height of more than 1.3 m must be equipped with a serviceable fence (railing).

Each panel carrier must be equipped with two trestles for a stand under the semi-trailer frame during loading and unloading operations.

To secure cargo on panel carriers, winches, safety chains with hooks, as well as cables with squares should be provided.

Tank trucks for the transportation of flammable and combustible liquids must have the inscription "Flammable", at least two fire extinguishers, a shovel and a grounding device (a metal chain welded at one end to the tank body).

Tank trucks for the transportation of flammable and hazardous liquids, as well as bitumen, must have serviceable "breathing" valves that ensure the tightness of the tanks within the specified limits.

Drain fittings of tank trucks should exclude the possibility of leakage.

When transporting liquids, tank trucks must have serviceable devices to control its level.

Tank trucks for the transport of liquid and bulk cargoes must have grounding devices.

Tank trucks for the transportation of bulk cargo with pneumatic unloading must be equipped with serviceable pressure gauges that are clearly visible from the control panel. Control panels must be illuminated.

The covers of the loading hatches of tank trucks must have serviceable quick-acting locks to ensure the tightness of the tanks.

Tankers under pressure must comply with the requirements for pressure vessels.

The inner walls of car bodies or refrigerated semi-trailers must be free of burrs and sharp edges.

Cars and semi-trailers with a van body must have proper lighting inside the body, providing illumination of at least 5 lux.

Lifting mechanisms, control devices for lifting (lowering) the body, sides, etc. on specialized automatic telephone exchanges must be serviceable.

Moving parts (gears, belts, chains, etc.) must be properly guarded.