Therefore, before proceeding with the elimination of the breakdown that has arisen, it is imperative to check the diagram. Then comes the turn of the standard check.
Description
Circuit breakers
First of all, if any circuit fails, you need to inspect the fuse box. It is located in the cabin on the left side of the steering column. The safety devices are divided into 4 groups. Another one is located directly on the body on the left, under the instrument panel. Each has a label. So:
F1 is responsible for:
- stove electric fan;
- wiper, washer and heating system installed on the rear window;
- windshield washer pump;
- switch located under the steering wheel;
- signaling;
- back light;
- front wipers;
- turn signal interrupter.
In addition, pointers are fed through it:
- coolant temperature;
- fuel level;
- turn;
- parking brake;
- differential lock;
- pressure drop in the oil pipeline;
- the rest of the gasoline;
- battery charge.
- high beam left and right headlights;
- indication of its inclusion.
F5 and F6 - low beam (respectively, right and left).
F7 and F8 are responsible for:
- parking lights;
- license plate illumination;
- lamps indicating the inclusion of these circuits;
- heating and ventilation control.
- disabling the emergency alarm;
- rear window heating relay.
- klaxon;
- interior light;
- rear brake lights.
F11, F12, F15, F16 are reserved.
F13 - fog rear light relay;
F14 is responsible for the cigarette lighter circuit.
Other breakdowns
If there are no blown fuses, then you need to check the integrity of the wires, the reliability of the connection of the terminals and connectors. Problems often arise due to the discharge of the battery.
The failure of the fan leads to incorrect connection of the alarm or a breakdown of the starter.
Also, the fuel pump often refuses to turn on if it fails:
- control relay;
- controller;
- wiring that feeds this node.
In general, the electrical circuit contains more than 70 elements, a malfunction of any of them can adversely affect the operation of the car.
In the absence of the necessary knowledge, you should contact a car service - this will avoid the risk of aggravating the situation. Diagnostics at the service station is carried out very quickly, and in most cases even a major repair takes a maximum of 2 days.
>> Scheme of the electrical equipment of the car VAZ 21214
Scheme of the electrical equipment of the car VAZ 21214
Scheme of the electrical equipment of the car VAZ 21214.
(click to enlarge).
Symbols of sensors, controls and controls to schemeelectrical equipment of the car VAZ 21214.
1. Left front lamp.
2. Headlights.
3. Coolant temperature sensor VAZ 21214.
4. Sound signal.
5. Throttle position sensor VAZ 21214.
6. Mass air flow sensor VAZ 21214.
7. Canister purge solenoid valve.
8. Nozzles.
9. Right front lamp.
10. Side direction indicators.
11. Battery VAZ 21214.
12. Electric motor heater VAZ 21214.
13. Additional heater motor resistor.
14. The switch of a control lamp of blocking of differential.
15. Windshield wiper relay VAZ 21214.
16. Starter.
17. Windshield wiper motor VAZ 21214.
18. Generator VAZ 21214.
19. Windshield washer motor.
20. Ignition module VAZ 21214.
21. Spark plugs.
22. Controller VAZ 21214.
23. Idling regulator.
24. Status indicator APS VAZ 21214.
25. Temperature indicator sensor VAZ 21214.
26. Oil pressure warning light sensor.
27. Socket for portable lamp(*).
28. The switch of a control lamp of level of a brake liquid.
29. Diagnostic block VAZ 21214.
30. The relay of inclusion of heating of back glass.
31. Relay for switching on high beam headlights.
32. Relay for turning on the dipped headlights.
33. Electric fuel pump with fuel level sensor.
34. Relay for switching on the starter VAZ 21214.
35. Additional fuse box.
36. Main fuse box.
37. Relay - breaker for direction indicators and alarms.
38. Reversing light switch.
39. Stoplight switch.
40. Cigarette lighter.
41. Outdoor lighting switch.
42. Illumination lamps for heater control levers.
43. Rear fog light switch.
44. Rear window heating switch.
45. Heater motor switch.
46. Rear window wiper and washer switch.
47. Alarm switch VAZ 21214.
48. Ignition switch VAZ 21214.
49. Instrument lighting switch.
50. Windshield wiper switch.
51. Windshield washer switch.
52. Horn switch.
53. Turn signal switch.
54. Headlight switch.
55. Relay of the electric fuel pump VAZ 21214.
56. Vehicle speed sensor.
57. Light switches located in the door pillars.
58. Ceiling lamps for interior lighting.
59. Rear window washer motor.
60. Instrument cluster VAZ 21214.
61. The switch of a control lamp of a parking brake.
62. Main relay VAZ 21214.
63. Rear lights.
64. License plate lights.
65. Rear window wiper motor.
66. Rear window heating element.
67. Crankshaft position sensor VAZ 21214.
68. Knock sensor VAZ 21214.
69. Oxygen sensor VAZ 21214.
70. Relay for electric fans VAZ 21214.
71. Electric fans VAZ 21214.
72. Injection fuse block.
73. Plafond interior lighting.
74. Light switch in the driver's door.
75. Control unit APS VAZ 21214.
A - the order of the conditional numbering of the plugs in the blocks of the three-lever switch.
(*) - the socket has not been installed recently.
Windshield wipers and headlight washers are installed on the VAZ-21214. The scheme of their connection is similar to the VAZ-21213.
The electrical circuit of the VAZ 21214 Niva injector includes maps of connections and engine systems. Faults that appear in the wiring may be caused by damage to cables or contact elements.
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Wiring diagrams VAZ 21214 Niva with injection system
Models of Niva cars with an injector are equipped with an on-board network, the voltage of which is 12 volts. Batteries and generators are used as the main power sources. The former give their charge to start the engine and power the electrical equipment when the power unit is stopped. The latter are used to restore the battery charge when the engine is running, as well as powering devices. Detailed wiring diagrams with descriptions are available in the service documentation.
User Stups87 spoke briefly about the circuits in the Niva car.
Wiring diagram VAZ 21214 with central fuel injection
Wiring diagram Niva with central fuel injection
Description of the main components of the circuit:
- Control light indicator Check Engine.
- Dashboard.
- Electric ventilating devices of the engine cooling system.
- Electric heating unit inlet line.
- The controller for determining the temperature of the air flow.
- Absolute pressure sensor.
- Refrigerant temperature sensor.
- Connector connected to throttle position controller.
- Central fuel injection device.
- Connector designed to connect to the idle speed controller.
- Plug for connection to the engine injector.
- Diagnostic output for connecting equipment used for troubleshooting.
- Control block.
- knock controller.
- Movement speed sensor.
- Adsorber.
- Accumulator battery.
- main relay.
- Module with automotive safety devices of the powertrain control system.
- The relay of inclusion of the ventilating device. They were installed only on parts of Niva cars.
- Relay for activation of the electric heating mechanism of the intake manifold.
- Safety element of the heating device.
- Relay for activation of the starter mechanism.
- Ignition relay.
- Spark plug.
- A tachometer designed to read the number of engine revolutions.
- Electric fuel pump with fuel level controller.
- Ignition module.
- The switching device of the ceiling lamp installed in the driver's door pillar.
- Engine security system control module. Installed on vehicles manufactured after 1999.
- Control indicator for determining the state of the anti-theft installation.
- Pin A is a conductor that goes to connector number 50 of the ignition switch.
- B - Cable going to the exit 50 of the lock.
- B - conductor connected to terminal 30 of the generator device.
- D - rear harness cables with wiring connected to the fuel level sensor.
- Contact D - rear harness cable with wiring connected to switch 33.
Small letters on the diagram indicate the numbering of the connectors on the blocks:
- a - control unit;
- b - engine security system control module;
- c - indicator of the state of the anti-theft installation;
- d - controller for determining the level of speed;
- e - the device of the central fuel injection system;
- e - electric fuel pump, as well as an oxygen concentration controller;
- g - ignition unit;
- h - absolute pressure controller.
Wiring diagram VAZ 21214 with multipoint fuel injection
Niva scheme with distributed fuel injection
Description of components:
- The control light indicator of the engine control system of the machine.
- The dashboard of the car in the cabin.
- Electric fans of the cooling system of the power unit.
- Switching device for a ceiling lamp installed in the driver's door pillar.
- Light indicator for determining the state of the machine security installation.
- Automotive anti-theft control module.
- Mass air flow sensor.
- Throttle device.
- Connector designed to connect to the throttle position controller.
- Output needed to connect to the idle speed sensor.
- The engine control unit.
- Oxygen concentration controller.
- knock sensor.
- Crankshaft position controller.
- Vehicle speed detection controller.
- adsorption device.
- Accumulator battery.
- main relay.
- Diagnostic output for connecting test equipment.
- Powertrain control fuse module.
- Electric fuel pump activation relay.
- Relay for activation of the ventilation device.
- Main module with safety devices.
- A connector designed to connect to an optional cable harness.
- Ignition module.
- Tachometer.
- Electric fuel pump with fuel level controller.
- Power unit injectors.
- Spark plugs with connected high voltage wires.
- A - the output of the rear harness with cables connected to the switch device 4.
- Cables used to connect to pin 1 on safety module 24. One contact piece goes to lock output 15 and the other to wire 85 of the ignition switch activation relay.
- Rear harness cables with wires connected to the fuel level controller. Small letters indicate plug numbers:
- a - control unit;
- b - engine security system control module;
- c - mass air flow controller;
- g - sensor for determining the speed of movement;
- e - indicator of the state of the security installation;
- e - electric fuel pump, as well as an oxygen concentration controller;
- g - throttle line;
- h - ignition unit.
Wiring Diagram for Instrument Panel Wiring Harness
Wiring diagram for connecting the wiring harness of the car instrument cluster
Explanation of the elements indicated in the diagram:
- Connector for connecting to the front harness with cables.
- Block for connection to the cable harness of the power unit control system.
- Button to activate and deactivate the light alarm.
- Switching device for external lighting.
- Turn signal relay.
- Relay for activation of fog optics in the taillights.
- Dashboard with lights and indicators.
- Switching device for the cleaner, as well as washing the glass in the rear door.
- Heating system control lever.
- Three-lever paddle shifter.
- Egnition lock.
- Brake pedal position controller, as well as a brake signal switch.
- Clutch pedal position controller.
- The relay of system of heating of glass in a back door.
- High beam headlight activation relay.
- Low beam relay.
- Ignition relay.
- Switching device for the glass heating system installed in the tailgate.
- Rear fog light switch.
- Windshield wiper relay.
- Light indicators for illumination of the control module by the heating system and ventilation.
- Reversing light switch.
- Differential lock activation controller.
- Additional module with safety devices.
- Main block with fuses.
- The switching device of the control indicator of a manual brake.
- Machine speed controller.
- The ventilating device of system of heating.
- Additional resistor element of the heating device.
- Cigarette lighter.
- Module with control light indicators.
- Indicator of activation of the glass heating system installed in the rear door.
- Differential lock activation indicator.
- Dashboard lighting controller.
- Connector for connecting to the rear cable harness.
- Connector for connecting to the car radio.
Front Wiring Harness Wiring Diagram
Wiring diagram for front wiring harness
Item Description:
- Right front lighting device.
- Side turn signal mounted on the right side.
- Connector for right headlight and side turn signal harness.
- Right optical device.
- Connector for connecting to the cable harness of the right lighting device.
- starter mechanism.
- Battery.
- generator node.
- Left optical device.
- Connector for cable harness in left headlight.
- Front sidelight mounted on the left.
- Left side swivel.
- Connector for right headlight cable harness.
- Steering horn.
- Controller for determining the level of air temperature in the environment.
- Windshield wiper.
- The controller for determining the level of temperature of the refrigerant, installed in the dashboard.
- Engine fluid emergency light indicator controller.
- Windshield washer.
- Refrigerant level indicator light controller.
- Relay for blocking the starter mechanism.
Scheme of electrical connections of the wiring harness of the ignition system
Wiring diagram of conductors and devices of the Niva ignition system
Description of components:
- Control block.
- Diagnostic socket.
- The controller for determining the level of temperature of the refrigerant.
- Phase controller.
- Electric fuel pump control unit.
- Harness connector for connecting the instrument cluster to the rear harness block.
- Ignition coils.
- Spark plug.
- Electronic gas pedal.
- Throttle line with electric drive.
- Electric fan of the power unit, mounted on the left.
- The same device for engine cooling, installed on the right.
- Detonation controller.
- Ignition cable harness connectors for connecting the injector harness.
- Power unit injectors.
- Canister purge solenoid valve.
- Oxygen controller.
- Diagnostic oxygen level sensor.
- crankshaft position controller.
- APS immobilizer control module.
- APS status indicator.
- Module with safety devices of the power unit control system.
- Safety device for the fuel pump power circuit.
- Electric fuel pump relay.
- Relay for the electric ventilating device of the cooling system, installed on the left.
- Cooling fan relay, located to the right of the engine.
- Ignition relay.
- Ignition cable harness connector for connecting to the instrument cluster block.
Rear Wiring Harness Wiring Diagram
Wiring diagram VAZ 21214 Niva rear harness injector with wiring
Description of the electrical circuit elements:
- Connector for connecting to the powertrain control cable harness.
- Output for connection to the cable harness of the instrument cluster.
- Right interior lighting device.
- Limit switch installed in the right door.
- fuel module.
- Limit switch installed in the left door.
- Left interior lighting device.
- Cleaning unit for glass installed in the tailgate.
- Connection socket with cable harness for rear window cleaning system.
- Light sources for license plate lighting.
- The device for heating the glass of the tailgate.
- Connector for rear left headlight.
- The washer of this door.
- Rear right headlight.
- Additional brake light impulse.
- Rear left headlight.
Diagram of the internal combustion engine control system
Description of components:
- Canister purge valve element.
- Throttle device.
- Refrigerant temperature level controller.
- The right ventilating device of the cooling system.
- Engine cooling fan mounted on the left.
- Ignition coil.
- Candles with connected high voltage cables.
- Mass air flow controller.
- crankshaft position controller.
- Connector for connecting to the harness with cables of the oxygen concentration control device.
- Control controller for oxygen concentration.
- Phase controller.
- Detonation device.
- Connector for connecting to the harness with cables of the engine injectors.
- Nozzles.
- Accelerator pedal.
- Connector for connecting to the instrument cluster harness.
- main relay.
- The relay of the right ventilating device of the cooling system.
- Left cooling fan relay.
- Fuel pump relay.
- Fuel pump safety device.
- Connector for connection to the fuel module.
- diagnostic output.
- Terminal for connecting the cable harness with ground in the vehicle interior.
- Module with safety elements of the power unit control system.
- Connector for connection with wires of the APS unit status indicator.
- Connector for connection with a communication coil, made in black.
- Security system control module.
- Connector for connecting to the harness with cables of the diagnostic oxygen concentration controller.
- Diagnostic oxygen level controller.
- Bosch electronic powertrain control module.
- A - the place where the harness with cables passes from the engine compartment to the passenger compartment.
The first part of the internal combustion engine control system diagram The second part of the internal combustion engine control system diagram
Description and diagram of the fuse box
Niva cars are equipped with three modules with safety devices, and one relay unit.
Each device is equipped with a plastic protective cover. There is a diagram on the inside.
Where are the fuse and relay boxes located?
The main module is installed under the lower edge of the protective casing of the instrument cluster, near the driver's left foot. Directly below this device is an additional block. A little to the left you can see another module equipped with inserts designed to protect fuel injection elements. In addition to the safety components, there is a separate relay for controlling the parameters of the wipers, as well as the internal combustion engine system.
An additional switching block is installed to the left of the body, next to the main safety module. The device is closed with a protective plastic cover. Its fixation is carried out by means of two self-tapping screws, which can be unscrewed with a Phillips screwdriver. There is a diagnostic output inside the module as well as four safety devices. They are used to protect the cooling system and the power unit.
The starter relay is mounted either next to the main unit or under the hood of the car. If it is installed in the engine compartment, then it is fixed on a special shield, next to the brake fluid reservoir.
Designation and scheme
The description of the components is detailed in the table.
| Device number | Description |
| 01 | The electric motor of the ventilating device of the heating system. The fuse is also responsible for protecting the circuits of the rear wiper motors and the windshield water supply mechanism. |
| 02 | Designed to protect:
|
| 03 | Used to protect the high beam electrical circuit in the left lamp, as well as the high beam mode indicator light on the control panel |
| 04 | High beam bulb installed in the right headlight |
| 05 | Low beam lamp installed in the left headlight |
| 06 | Low beam light source in the right lamp |
| 07 | Used to protect multiple circuits:
|
| 08 | Right position headlight, as well as illumination of the instrument cluster |
| 09 | Electrical circuit of the light alarm relay with a key to turn it on and off. Also used to protect the rear window heating system. |
| 10 | Designed to protect:
|
| 11 | Backup fuse |
| 12 | reserved device |
| 13 | Device for activating and deactivating fog rear lights |
| 14 | Cigarette lighter |
| 15 | Backup fuse |
| 16 | reserved device |
The channel "Pro AUTO32" spoke in detail about the purpose of the safety elements.
Engine management system fuses
Elements of the power unit control system:
- Protection of the power line of the engine of the right ventilating device.
- The fuse used to protect the left fan.
- Relay for ventilation devices and injection system control module. Also used to protect injectors and ignition coils.
- System for lowering the level of toxicity of exhaust gases. Designed to protect the electrical circuits of the oxygen controller, the fuel vapor fixation valve and the controller for measuring the air flow supplied to the internal combustion engine.
- Diagnostic output for monitoring the parameters of the injection system.
Engine management relay box
Description of the relay of the motor control system:
- Turn on the ignition system.
- The main relay, designed to start all systems of the power unit.
- Protection of the electrical circuit for starting the right ventilating device on the radiator assembly.
- Starting the left fan.
- Fuel pump circuit protection.
Scheme of the relay block above the gas pedal
Description of the components in the unit installed above the gas pedal:
- Light sources in the rear fog optics.
- Heating system for glass installed in the rear door.
- Low beam lamps.
- Light sources in the high-beam headlights.
Photo gallery "Schemes of safety blocks"
Wiring diagrams for the location of devices in the modules are given in this section.
Self-replacing the fuse box (step by step instructions)
When replacing safety elements and modules, it is necessary to de-energize the on-board network.
To do this, open the engine compartment and disconnect the battery. Using a wrench, loosen and disconnect the negative battery terminal.
Block replacement
The procedure is performed like this:
- The protective cover of the unit is dismantled, two nuts are unscrewed by 8 using a wrench. The plastic module is pulled towards itself and removed from the fixing pins.
- On the old module, be sure to write down the marking and note the location of the cables.
- The conductors are disconnected from the connectors of the removed module.
- The pads are connected to the new block.
- Diagnostics of ratings of safety devices is carried out, as well as the correctness of their connection.
- The module is put in place, the nuts are tightened to fix it.
- The car's power supply is being connected. Diagnostics of the correctness of the work performed. It is necessary to activate all electrical equipment and make sure that it works.
The channel "Life is a hobby" talked about self-replacing the safety module in a Lada Niva car.
Replacing fuses
In the main module with safety devices, parts of a cylindrical type are located. And in the blocks of the injection system, knife elements are installed.
The replacement procedure is as follows:
- The car's ignition is switched off.
- The protective plastic cover of the device opens.
- Visual diagnostics of the safety element is carried out.
- The failed part is dismantled from the seat, a spare part is put in its place. Do not use homemade elements, as this can lead to a short circuit and fire.
- After installation, the performance of the electrical circuit is checked. If the fuse fails immediately after replacement, it is necessary to diagnose the line.
Video
The Garage 288 channel talked about how to independently repair the power line in a VAZ Niva car.
1 - front lights; |
33 - additional resistor of the heater electric motor; |
The order of conditional numbering of plugs in blocks:
a - windshield wipers, headlights and tailgate glass, windshield wiper breaker relay;
b - ignition distributor sensor;
c - alarm relay-interrupter and direction indicators;
g - switch;
d - three-lever switch;
e - alarm switch;
g - relay for turning on the rear fog light;
h - rear lights (numbering of conclusions in order from top to bottom);
and - instrument clusters.
In the instrument panel wiring harness, the second ends of the white wires are brought to one point, which is connected to the instrument lighting control. The second ends of the black wires are also brought to a point connected to ground. The second ends of the yellow wires with a blue stripe are brought together to a point connected to terminal "A" of the main fuse box. And the second ends of the orange wires are also brought to a point connected to terminal "B" of the main fuse box.
* Are established on a part of let-out cars;
** not established since 2000;
*** installed since 2001. Previously, the rear fog light was switched on directly by switch 47, which was powered by fuse 3 of the additional fuse box.
Every modern car today is equipped with an electrical part. The electrical circuit of the VAZ 21214 Niva injector allows, if necessary, to find all the elements included in the on-board network, which is especially important when there are faults in the wiring. Everything that a nivovod needs to know about electrics in domestic SUVs is described in this article.
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Niva index designations
The wiring diagram may vary slightly depending on the design features of the vehicle.
Let's start with the index notation:
- VAZ 21213. This index indicates a vehicle equipped with a carburetor. The volume of the power unit is 1.7 liters.
- 21214. In VAZ 21214 cars, the scheme implies the use of a similar engine with the same volume. The only difference is that the car is equipped with a fuel injection system.
- There is another model with the index 21213. In VAZ 21213 cars, the electrical circuit includes the same elements, only depending on the year of manufacture, the car can be equipped with a 1.8 liter engine.
- Version 21073. The SUV is equipped with either an injection engine with nozzles, or a Solex carburetor ICE. One of the features of these cars is a non-contact ignition circuit.
- 21215. These SUVs were originally produced for export, so these cars are difficult to meet on our roads. It is worth noting that they were equipped with Citroen diesel engines.
At the beginning of the article there is a VAZ electrical circuit diagram using the Niva 2121 model as an example. If you own version 2131 or any other, then there will be a difference in the circuit diagram, but not fundamental. If we are talking about carburetor engines, then in this case the circuit, as well as the ignition, will not be protected (the author of the video is Nail Poroshin).
Features of electrical equipment
The wiring diagram of the VAZ model 21213 has certain differences with the model 2121, in particular:
- The 21213 vehicles use a more modern foot fuse in the fuse box. Of course, the use of such devices led to the fact that the site of the block also became different.
- The power system of these vehicles additionally includes an idle speed saver. In order for this option to work properly, another wiring connector has been added in the engine compartment.
- Another difference is that these cars use a contactless ignition circuit, the main element of which is a microcontroller.
It should be noted that the differences in the Niva circuit can be both in the generator units and in the electrician itself.
Differences in generators
In any case, the differences in the wiring diagram of the models will be primarily depending on the power unit - carburetor or injection.
The main differences in carburetors:
- Models 21213 use Genset Model 371.3701;
- in the engines of models 21214, the manufacturer decided to install a more powerful generator device, it is marked with the numbers 9412.3701 (the author of the video is Sergei Chekhonin).
And although these generators are different, they have certain similarities in terms of design. In any case, this is a synchronous AC device. In addition, these units have a built-in rectifier and output voltage regulator.
Differences in wiring
If we talk directly about the wiring, then depending on the model of the car, it may also have differences. It should be noted that these differences greatly simplify the maintenance and repair of the system with your own hands. As for the injection modifications of SUVs, in this case the system is equipped with three outputs designed for installing electronic ignition.
In addition, two ventilating devices are used in 21214 vehicles, which perform the function of cooling the radiator assembly. Accordingly, due to the use of additional fans, the wiring has also undergone, if not significant, but differences. Of course, they are not essential.
Photo gallery "Electrical systems of SUVs"
Summarizing
The need to understand the wiring diagram may arise if there are malfunctions in the operation of the system and they need to be eliminated. Of course, complex malfunctions associated with the operation of the generator unit and other devices that are not simple in terms of design will be problematic to solve in garage conditions without certain knowledge. Nevertheless, even simple knowledge of the electrical circuit and the ability to decipher the symbols can greatly help the motorist during repairs. In addition, the need to understand the wiring may also arise if you decide to upgrade the acoustics or install a more advanced audio system.
Video "Laying the wiring in the sports version of the Niva"
You can learn more about this process from the video (the author is the Suprotec Racing channel).
