The main psychophysiological qualities that determine the suitability for driving cars are sensation, perception, psychomotor reaction, attention, emotional-volitional reaction, operational thinking and special personal factors:
sensation - a reflection in the human mind of individual properties of objects and phenomena of the material world that directly affect the senses (there are visual, auditory, olfactory, skin, motor, vibrational sensations, etc.);
perception - the level of development of the sense organs, the accuracy of determining spatial relationships and time intervals, the speed of information processing;
psychomotor reaction - the speed and accuracy of the driver's reaction in critical situations, clear psychomotor coordination;
attention - a wide volume and distribution of attention, its quick switching and persistence, proper organization attention when performing a maneuver;
emotional-volitional reaction - emotional stability, high level development of volitional qualities (self-control, determination, perseverance);
operational thinking - the speed of assessing the traffic situation and making decisions, the ability to quickly professionally predict, good working memory and its readiness;
personal factors - the activity and orientation of the individual, a penchant for technology, initiative, ingenuity, discipline, interest in professional work driver. Insufficient development of some psychophysiological features of the driver can be compensated by the development of others and manifest itself only in complex road conditions when accident prevention and discharge acute traffic situation depend on the speed of assessing the situation, the ability to apply driving skills, on the speed and accuracy of the reaction, self-control, determination and perseverance. Only a master of his craft can be considered that driver who knows how to correctly and quickly evaluate traffic situation, to foresee its possible changes and never get into difficult situations, and if it is impossible to avoid them, to defuse the dangerous situation as much as possible.
The driver gains experience and skill gradually, while other qualities of character - a sense of responsibility for the safety of other people, the ability to focus only on driving, endurance and susceptibility to information - he must cultivate driving from the very beginning.
Of the main psycho-physiological qualities of the driver, attention and speed of reaction to the appropriate actions to the perceived information should be especially highlighted.
Mindfulness - the ability to focus on the identified object of danger, to make it full review and assess the situation. At medium high speeds movement, the driver can view dozens of objects, but he can examine only one object in detail. It is important for the driver to be able to focus his attention in time on the main object of danger, which may require the adoption of urgent measures to prevent an accident. When driving, it is necessary to constantly evaluate changing road conditions and traffic conditions in order to determine a new driving mode in time.
One of the most important driver skills that ensure traffic safety is reaction speed - a natural response of the body to external influences.
The reaction process can be divided into three phases: assessing the situation, making a decision, and performing appropriate actions. The driver's reaction time when driving a car is measured by a short interval from the moment the danger is perceived to the start of actions aimed at its elimination. The reaction time depends on the type of reactions - complex, simple and in the danger zone.
When the car is moving, all kinds of obstacles and dangers can arise in front of the driver. To prevent the danger that has arisen, the driver must correctly assess it and choose the most effective action: stop the car, go around the danger object, drive past it at an increased speed. Such an assessment in the aggregate and the choice of a course of action is a complex reaction.
The time of a complex reaction of the driver - from the moment a danger (or obstacles) appears in front of the driver to the response to it by an action that he did not determine ahead of time and for which he was not prepared - is 0.8 s, and in case of fright, ill health, fatigue after many hours of work - 1 s from or more.
Simple, predetermined actions of the driver in response to any danger or obstacle are called a simple reaction.
The driver can and should always strive to translate a complex reaction into a simple one. However, despite the fact that a simple reaction is faster than a complex one, its time is (0.4 ... 0.6 s), because it also contains the time for the driver’s muscular movement - the transfer of the right foot from the throttle pedal to the brake pedal.
The reaction in the danger zone occupies a special place. It proceeds from the moment a danger (or obstacle) appears to the driver, for which the driver has prepared in advance, to the response to them with a simple, ahead of time certain action, for which the driver is already prepared. What is the preparation? The fact that the driver, having determined the place of the possible occurrence of danger (or obstacles), prepares ahead of time to prevent it. Since the driver performs such actions at the entrance to a possible place of danger, this time (0.2 ... 0.3 s) is called the reaction time in the danger zone. The reaction in the danger zone provides for advance preparation for perception and action. The path covered by the car during different types of driver reactions at a speed of 36 km/h is shown in Fig. 5.6.
Rice. 5.6.The path of the car covered during different types of driver reactions
The most important condition for many years of successful work of the driver is his physical training. It is known that engaging in any kind of sport has a positive effect on the human body. For drivers, gymnastics, sports games, skiing, swimming, rowing, and athletics are most favorable. Going in for sports contributes to the development of basic qualities that are useful in the professional activity of a driver. Engaging in sports such as table tennis, tennis, shooting will help the driver improve peripheral and central vision, increase its sharpness.
The specific working conditions of the driver require him to be equally efficient and well-being throughout the entire change. Therefore, before work, he should sleep well. He needs uninterrupted sleep lasting at least 7 hours in order to feel cheerful, physically full-fledged worker.
Getting started, it is useful to perform complex exercises for the coordination of nerve centers that excite, directly control important functions. Systematic gymnastics helps to improve health and improve coordination of movements.
Necessary physical culture break performed after 3, 5, 7 hours of driving. The task of a pause is to prevent the development of fatigue, accelerate the course of redox processes, the ability to maintain a working rhythm, pace, and concentration. A physical culture pause should be carried out with the appearance of the first signs of a decrease in working capacity.
When driving for a long time on a motorway, where there are no intersections at the same level with other roads, where there are no signaling (traffic lights) and you can move at high speeds, a specific type of fatigue arises - road hypnosis. It is characterized by drowsiness, inattention, malaise, alienation, weakening of reflexes, slow reaction time. In this case, it is necessary to stop the car, go out into the fresh air, walk and perform several physical exercises: turns, bends, rotation of the trunk and chairman, bending at the waist, flexion and extension of the arms and legs.
When performing physical exercises, you need to remember that a small load does not have any effect on the body. A favorable effect is achieved only with a moderate load. A sufficiently objective indicator to determine the degree of load is the pulse. With an average load, the heart rate increases by 30% (with a resting heart rate of 70 beats per 1 minute, the number of beats after an average load exercise will be 70 + 21 = 91 beats.)
In order for the driver to ensure traffic safety in any conditions, he must strictly observe the regime of work, rest and food. Rules traffic it is forbidden to drive vehicle in a state of fatigue, if this condition may affect traffic safety. Therefore, you can drive a car until fatigue sets in.
Extending the travel time by more than 8 hours causes changes in the body even in experienced drivers. This is evidenced by the statistics of accidents, the number of which increases especially sharply after 10 o’clock. continuous work behind the wheel.
Between two long trips (up to 8 hours) there must be at least 10 hours of rest, which includes 7-8 hours of normal sleep. If the trip was long (more than 8 hours), then after it the rest should be at least 12 hours. Fatigue increases sharply in conditions of lack of sleep: drivers begin to fall asleep after 3-5 hours of driving.
An important factor in reducing fatigue is the use of short breaks during the trip. It has been found that short breaks after a relatively short ride are more appropriate than long breaks after a long ride. Therefore, it is recommended to take a 10-minute break after the first 3 hours of movement, and then every 2 hours. These breaks are best used for outdoor activities. With continuous driving for more than 5 hours, the necessary rest lasting 30 minutes.
A characteristic symptom of fatigue is drowsiness. Sleeping behind the wheel leads to traffic accidents with extremely serious consequences. Falling asleep while driving occurs faster at night, most often between 24 and 5 o'clock in the morning. Falling asleep is facilitated by the lack of normal sleep before a night trip, for example, when the departure time for tourist trips is scheduled for 4-5 in the morning. Under these conditions, the driver leaves for long trip, interrupting normal sleep, and after 3-4 years of movement, he develops dangerous drowsiness. You can go on a long, many-hour trip only after a normal rest and a good night's sleep.
In the intense work of the driver, his mental state is influenced by the ethics of his own behavior and the behavior of other road users, as well as the interaction of the driver with pedestrians. Leaving the line, the driver from the very beginning must set himself up for a benevolent attitude towards everything around him: let the driver who is in a hurry, or the pedestrian, go without haste and nervousness.
Each profession requires special knowledge and skills from a person. The driver profession is no exception. In addition to being able to drive a car, you also need to know the rules of the road, the set of laws that regulate traffic, and also have excellent eyesight and reaction in order to avoid bad situations on the road.
The legislative framework
There is a list of what laws the driver must know in order to safe driving car. First of all, the driver must be aware of what laws, rules and regulations govern the traffic, as well as what the violation of these rules entails. The main document for a motorist should be Resolution of the Council of Ministers No. 1090, which introduces the rules of the road.
Everyone knows that ignorance of the law does not exempt from liability, which is why it is also worth knowing the provisions of the Criminal Code and the Code on administrative offenses in order to understand what is involved traffic violation. Drivers should also familiarize themselves with the list of fines established by the government for various offenses on the road, as well as with additional orders of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, which are designed to regulate traffic in the country.
Driver's documents
It is also important for every motorist to know what documents a driver should have when setting off on the road. Following the latest guidelines from the federation government, the list binding documents driver includes a vehicle registration certificate, driver's license, as well as compulsory for all insurance policy OSAGO. It is not necessary to have a power of attorney for the right to drive a car with you today.
Driving ethics
In addition to the fact that every driver is obliged to know the rules of the road prescribed by law, there are also various unspoken special rules that a good driver must follow.
Experienced drivers know that it is not always possible to comply with official traffic rules, but it is important not to interfere with traffic on the road. Giving way where necessary, calculating the situation a few steps ahead, not adding speed when overtaking - a short list of the rules that normal drivers follow.
Also, understanding how a driver should be, it is worth remembering about driver ethics. You need to communicate with other road users using gestures and headlights, be respectful to traffic police officers, and do not use a horn in a residential area. All this can characterize the driver as the right road user.
taxi driver
A driver who wants to work as a taxi driver must not only know and comply with traffic rules, but also have some other personal qualities for his profession. There are several rules for what a taxi driver should be. First of all, the taxi driver must be well aware of road junction area where he intends to work. It is also important that the taxi driver be a sufficiently erudite person, as the passenger often wants to talk on the road in order to pass the time.
In addition, the taxi driver must be a bit of a psychologist in order to guess the mood of the passenger: when he is standing and when it is not necessary to start a conversation, when it is better to turn the music on or off. And, of course, it is important appearance both the driver and the interior of the car. If the taxi driver is well dressed, shaved and combed, and the interior is clean and tidy, then the opinion of such a taxi driver will remain only the best, and the trip will be pleasant.
Officially, there is no such list that would tell what qualities a driver should have. Everyone knows that a good driver must be a professional in his field - know the traffic rules, navigate the terrain and have an understanding of driving ethics. But in order to drive responsibly, you must also have strong mental health, excellent vision and reaction. This will help you avoid negative situations on the road.
Also, patience is important along the way. It will definitely come in handy in traffic jams, when communicating with traffic police officers and in other unpleasant situations. In addition, a good driver will definitely help any other driver who is in trouble or who has not coped with extreme conditions driving.
Every second in modern world is a driver. Someone is in control own car, someone turns the steering wheel of a minibus or bus, and someone is a personal driver CEO or a tycoon.
To become a driver own car, you need to get a license in the traffic police, but in order to transport other people, you need to have certain skills and personal qualities.
Job Description
A personal driver is often required in big companies. To evaluate your resume personal driver, the HR manager must clearly understand what requirements the company places on the position.
Experience in driving a car, experience in a similar position and the presence of certain personal qualities are the three blocks that an HR assesses. After examining each of them in detail, you can judge whether a personal driver resume sample is suitable.
Required knowledge
In his work, the driver is responsible for the safety of the movement of another person. In order for the client to be comfortable and not afraid to ride in a car, the driver must know:
- traffic rules and fines for their violation;
- device of the machine, main characteristics, operation and rules for servicing units and assemblies;
- rules and deadlines for mandatory inspections;
- rules for caring for the body, interior, principles of caring for the car;
- signs of malfunctions and ways to eliminate them yourself;
- cases, codes for troubleshooting, you must contact the service center;
- the location of the necessary service stations.
A skilled and experienced driver cannot be unaware of simple things, such as how to measure the oil level, when to change it, or the location of the coolant reservoir. A candidate whose resume contains erroneous data on maintenance or traffic rules will not meet the qualification requirements.
driving skills
The resume of a personal driver must indicate whether the applicant has experience driving cars executive class. These include cars of the brands "Mercedes", "Volvo", "Bentley", "Rolls-Royce".
The ability to drive such a car is an important skill, since such vehicles are equipped with a large number of additional features, knowledge of which by the driver guarantees passenger comfort while driving. For example, the driver must know how the partition between driver's seat and interior, if the situation requires it. Long searches for the necessary button or making incorrect manipulations violate the comfort of passengers.
Responsibilities
A sample resume of a personal driver should contain a description of the duties that he had to perform in previous jobs. If the resume contains little information, the HR manager is required to conduct an interview asking additional questions about functional responsibilities.
Duties include:
- ensuring timely delivery of the car;
- ensuring the technical serviceability of the machine;
- compliance with measures to ensure the safety of the entrusted vehicle;
- driving a vehicle in compliance with all traffic rules to ensure the safety of passengers and others;
- ensuring the technical serviceability of the car, self-conduct inspections;
- timely check-ups service center or inspections at the station;
- keeping the engine and interior, as well as the body in a clean condition, protecting them from impacts external environment by treating surfaces with special means;
- maintaining a healthy lifestyle, refusing to use any psychotropic or narcotic substances that affect coordination and perception of reality;
- mandatory clear study of the route before departure and coordination of the route with the passenger or senior management;
- maintenance of waybills for the purpose of marking mileage, route, fuel consumption;
- at the end of the day, ensures that the car is parked in the garage or in the parking lot.
An example of a resume of a personal driver should contain a listing official duties. Missing moments or uncharacteristic tasks must be clarified with the applicant.
Rights
Any position implies the existence of not only duties, but also rights. The driver is no exception.
In his work, he has the right to:
- requirement from passengers compliance with traffic rules(use of seat belts, transportation of children in special car seats, boarding and disembarking only in specially permitted places);
- obtaining the necessary information in full;
- submission of proposals to the management on improving the safety of driving a car, increasing their competence, improving work;
- requirement from the management of working conditions that do not contradict the law;
- decision-making within the limits of competence.
Responsibility
Usually, the resume of a personal driver does not indicate the responsibilities that the employee bears to the employer. However, it is necessary to find out what reactions were expected from the employer in case of emergencies or breakdowns.
The driver is responsible for:
- untimely, negligent performance or non-performance of direct duties;
- non-compliance with orders, orders, resolutions obliging the preservation of trade secrets, confidential information, personal data;
- violation of labor discipline, labor regulations, health and safety rules.
Guarantees
The work of a personal driver, although not associated with dangers, is difficult and responsible. In his work, a personal driver is protected by the rules and regulations of the company or the contract that is concluded during employment. Laws Russian Federation, labor laws protect the employee in his work.
Personal qualities
A person who needs a personal driver has a high income and often bad temper. The driver has to adapt to the passengers, feel their moods, be able to listen and keep up the conversation, and be silent if necessary.
Personal qualities for the driver play an important role. A sample resume for a job as a personal driver should list the key personal qualities of the candidate.
Among the important ones are:
- stress resistance;
- flexibility;
- the ability to find a common language;
- empathy;
- decency;
- loyalty;
- tolerance.
Due to the specificity of the position in which the driver has to work, the most important quality is the ability to store information. In order not to become a source of leakage of important confidential data, the driver must understand that everything heard at work is not subject to disclosure.
Sample resume
The candidate often rewrites the duties of a personal driver for a resume from job description. To avoid awkward moments when meeting with an employer, it is imperative to proofread your resume before sending it.
After considering the example, it will be clear why such a candidate would not be suitable for the position of a personal driver.
Company: Avtotrans LLC, 02.2015 - 04.2015. Resigned at his own request.
Industry: Passenger transportation within the city.
Position: bus driver.
Responsibilities: ticketing passengers, leaving the route, refueling the car, repairing minor breakdowns.
Wishes: I want to work as a personal or personal driver of the director or his wife in a good car.
Unfortunately the drivers route transport- not the most stress-resistant and friendly people in their mass. Such a candidate, who has little work experience and high expectations for a future employer, will not meet the requirements for the position.
Experienced driver
Reviewing resume experienced driver, you can immediately understand that the candidate has all the necessary skills and qualities. Even the style of writing a resume of a personal driver of a leader will stand out among the entire mass of responses. Worthy Candidate draw up a CV in detail, attach Contact phone numbers for recommendations (where possible), indicate not only the main responsibilities, but also the successes that could be in his work.
Company: Trans-Neft-Resource LLC, 2002-2014
Job title: family driver, the CEO's personal driver.
Reason for dismissal: departure of the head for permanent residence outside the Russian Federation.
Responsibilities:
- timely delivery of the car to the right place;
- departure at night by order of the management;
- transportation of guests, family members (2 children - 3 years and 11 years old) to the specified place;
- business trips with management within the Russian Federation;
- filling waybill, failure reporting;
- car repair, mandatory technical inspection;
- monitoring the condition of the car, all components and assemblies;
- implementation timely replacement necessary spare parts;
- car body and interior care.
Achievements: as a result of a clear route planning, reduced fuel consumption by 20%.
Personal qualities: clarity, punctuality, responsibility, stress resistance, mobility, the ability to remain silent and store information.
Additional information: 35 years of accident-free driving experience, driving experience in premium cars (Bentley, Mercedes, Volvo).
In the modern period, just an incredible number of taxi drivers roam the streets of Moscow, and they differ not only in the brand of the car, but also in their behavior. No one wants to get negative impressions. And what kind of impressions it can be: a terribly incompetent driver, because of which extra nerves are spent, the last thing you want to pay for such treatment.
What are taxi drivers today?
It just so happened that the profession of a taxi driver is quite popular in our time, and this has led to the fact that almost everyone who knows how to drive a car can become one. In addition, you need to have a license to drive a car, as well as a good orientation in the area. However, at the time modern technologies the third point is no longer so important, thanks to the presence of all kinds of navigators that can indicate the path to any point. That is why, many times we notice unprofessional actions of the driver, which accordingly end in an accident. Most often, such incidents occur with private cab drivers. Therefore, it is best to respond to a cheap Moscow taxi advertisement filed by a company than to contact private traders.
What qualities should a driver have?
The client is always right. The professionalism of any driver, including a taxi driver, will be characterized by the degree of his courtesy to passengers.
Perfect knowledge of the area. Navigators are not always able to solve some situations that arise before the driver.
Clean and well maintained car. The taxi driver is personally responsible for his car, so if the car is neat and in good working order, this says a lot about the driver.
Sociability. It is very nice when the main work is accompanied by a pleasant conversation. Although it is better not to distract the driver over trifles.
It is these criteria and requirements that apply to taxi drivers in civilized countries. You will say that such requirements are almost fantastic, but in fact, any professional company makes such requirements for everyone who wants to work as drivers.
Almost all spheres of activity of modern mankind are inextricably linked with vehicles: personal or official cars, buses, trucks etc. Therefore, we can safely say that the profession of a driver today is perhaps the most common and in demand.
Almost all spheres of activity of modern mankind are inextricably linked with vehicles: personal or official cars, buses, trucks, etc. Therefore, we can safely say that driver profession Today it is perhaps the most common and in demand.
Moreover, today every car owner not only considers himself professional driver, but also confident that he can easily use his driving skills to work in the field of personal, passenger or freight traffic. Is that true or is it for real? Most likely not, since the profession of a driver is not only the ability to drive a vehicle, but also whole line nuances, which we will talk about today.
Who is a driver?
- a specialist who has the skills to drive a vehicle and transport passengers or goods on a professional basis. It is also customary to call a driver a driving instructor (that is, a person who teaches driving while being directly in the vehicle).
The first drivers were called drivers (from the French "chauffeur" - stoker, stoker), as they had to not only drive a vehicle, but also constantly monitor the fuel (and this was firewood and coal). In the process of improving cars, the duties of the driver also changed, as a result of which a driver appeared - a person who drives. By the way, in the everyday life of Russians, both names of the profession are quite common. It is customary to call a driver a person who is engaged in driving vehicles at a professional level, and drivers are treated as professional drivers as well as car owners.
Today, professional drivers can be divided into several categories, which include:
- personal (personal) driver - is engaged in the transportation of a certain person mainly on the vehicle of the employer.
- forwarding driver - not only carries out the transportation of goods (cargo), but is also responsible for its delivery from one place to another.
- taxi driver - specializes in passenger traffic at the request of customers.
- driver public transport- this category includes both bus drivers and fixed-route taxis and drivers of trams and trolleybuses.
- driver truck– carries out transportation of goods over short distances (usually within the city or region).
- trucker- a driver of heavy vehicles who transports goods over long distances.
Each category has its own requirements, dictated by the specifics of the activity. For example, a fuel truck driver needs to have a permit to transport dangerous goods, and the driver of public transport is required to have a category "D" license.
In professional duties modern driver, in addition to driving a vehicle, includes: checking the health of the car and its Maintenance(washing, refueling, lubricating, etc.), elimination minor faults on the road and regular inspections.
What personal qualities should a driver have?
Driver job invariably associated with the most severe concentration of attention, good memory, excellent reaction and developed spatial and linear eye. It is these qualities that allow the driver not only to fulfill their professional duties, but also to ensure road safety. In addition, a good driver must have such personal qualities as:
- technical thinking;
- love for technology
- analytic skills;
- mental endurance;
- emotional stability;
- responsibility;
- patience;
- delicacy;
- ability to navigate the terrain;
- self-control;
- sociability.
Despite the fact that the driver spends almost all his time in a soft and comfortable seat, he, among other things, must have physical endurance. This is especially important for truckers who have to deal with the most unexpected and sometimes extreme situations.
Benefits of being a driver
Professional drivers(chauffeurs) are sure that there are no random people in their profession. Therefore, the main advantage of this profession is considered to be the opportunity to work according to vocation. It is also worth noting that working as a driver has other advantages, namely:
- demand - good drivers they are needed always and everywhere, so they almost never have problems with employment;
- high earnings - on average, a driver in Russia receives from 30 thousand rubles (in major cities, wage drivers "starts" from 50 thousand rubles).
- prestige - the driver is perhaps the only working specialty that is no less prestigious than the profession of a lawyer or an economist.
- lack of boredom and monotony - the work of the driver is associated with constant movement from one place to another, so there is always a novelty of sensations.
Disadvantages of the profession of a driver
It is not difficult to guess that, as in any other profession, in chauffeur work there are also disadvantages. These include:
- irregular work schedule;
- a greater likelihood of stressful situations (for example, during heavy traffic);
- dependence of working conditions on weather phenomena;
- passive lifestyle.
Where can you get a driving license?
In theory become a professional driver every adult who has completed a training course at any driving school and received a license in the traffic police can. In practice, it is very difficult to find a job immediately after studying at a driving school and without a certain driving experience. "Save the situation" can be the presence of a technical (which is very much appreciated among employers) or specialized education. Moreover, speaking of specialized education, we mean secondary special education (that is, obtained at a technical school). Why? Because in this profession, first of all, practical skills are valued, and only then theoretical knowledge.
Get a driver's license can be in one of the relevant technical schools. For example, the place of training for this profession can be:
- Nizhny Novgorod Motor Transport College;
- Novosibirsk technical school of car service and road facilities;
- Khabarovsk Road Construction College;
- Krasnoyarsk Motor Transport College;
- Moscow Automobile and Road College. A.A. Nikolaev.
